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Fontenot HB, Quist KM, Glauberman G, Michel A, Zimet G. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social media utilization, influences related to parental vaccine decision making, and opinions on trustworthy social media vaccination campaigns: A qualitative analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2311476. [PMID: 38356267 PMCID: PMC10878019 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2311476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a continued need for research to better understand the influence social media has on parental vaccination attitudes and behaviors, especially research capturing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of this study was to explore parents' perspectives related to the impact the pandemic had on 1) social media engagement, 2) vaccine messaging on social media, and 3) factors to guide future intervention development. Between February and March 2022, 6 online, synchronous, text-based focus groups were conducted with parents of adolescents aged 11 to 17 years. Participants who all utilized social media were recruited from across the United States. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. A total of 64 parents participated. Average age was 47 years, and participants were predominantly White (71.9%), female (84.3%), and engaged with social media multiple times per day (51.6%). Participants (95.3%) viewed obtaining all recommended vaccines as important or very important; however, overall vaccination rates for their adolescents were varied (50% ≥1 dose HPV; 59.4% MenACWY; 78.1% Tdap; 65.6% Flu; 81.3% COVID-19). Three themes emerged highlighting the pandemic's impact on parent's (1) general patterns of social media use, (2) engagement about vaccines on social media and off-line behaviors related to vaccination, and (3) perspectives for developing a credible and trustworthy social media intervention about vaccination. Participants reported fatigue from contentious vaccine-related content on social media and desired future messaging to be from recognizable health institutions/associations with links to reputable resources. Plus, providers should continue to provide strong vaccine recommendations in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin M. Quist
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gary Glauberman
- School of Nursing, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Alexandra Michel
- School of Nursing, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Gregory Zimet
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Weng O, Johnson KJ, Kreuter MW. Repeated Exposure to COVID-19 Misinformation: A Longitudinal Analysis of Prevalence and Predictors in a Community Sample. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2024; 30:E211-E214. [PMID: 39041773 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000002019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Belief in health misinformation can affect individual health decisions and actions. Repeated exposure to the same misinformation strengthens its impact, yet little is known about how commonly repeated exposure occurs. To estimate the prevalence, we tracked exposure to 5 inaccurate COVID-19 claims every week for up to 23 consecutive weeks in a racially diverse panel of adults (n = 213). Repeated exposure was common: across the 5 claims, 10%-43% of respondents reported hearing the misinformation in ≥ 3 different weeks. Frontline workers were more likely than other community members to experience repeated exposure, with adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) ranging from 1.8 to 4.9 across the 4 items. Repeated exposure was most common among older adults. Adjusted IRR for those ages ≥ 50 versus 18-29 years ranged from 1.8 to 2.5 per misinformation claim. Public health planning efforts to counter health misinformation should anticipate multiple exposures to the same false claim, especially in certain subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Weng
- Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
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Zhang S, Zhou H, Zhu Y. Have we found a solution for health misinformation? A ten-year systematic review of health misinformation literature 2013-2022. Int J Med Inform 2024; 188:105478. [PMID: 38743994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health misinformation (HM) has emerged as a prominent social issue in recent years, driven by declining public trust, popularisation of digital media platforms and escalating public health crisis. Since the Covid-19 pandemic, HM has raised critical concerns due to its significant impacts on both individuals and society as a whole. A comprehensive understanding of HM and HM-related studies would be instrumental in identifying possible solutions to address HM and the associated challenges. METHODS Following the PRISMA procedure, 11,739 papers published from January 2013 to December 2022 were retrieved from five electronic databases, and 813 papers matching the inclusion criteria were retained for further analysis. This article critically reviewed HM-related studies, detailing the factors facilitating HM creation and dissemination, negative impacts of HM, solutions to HM, and research methods employed in those studies. RESULTS A growing number of studies have focused on HM since 2013. Results of this study highlight that trust plays a significant while latent role in the circuits of HM, facilitating the creation and dissemination of HM, exacerbating the negative impacts of HM and amplifying the difficulty in addressing HM. CONCLUSION For health authorities and governmental institutions, it is essential to systematically build public trust in order to reduce the probability of individuals acceptation of HM and to improve the effectiveness of misinformation correction. Future studies should pay more attention to the role of trust in how to address HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Zhang
- School of Arts, Media and Communication, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Yimei Zhu
- School of Arts, Media and Communication, University of Leicester, UK.
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Kim E, Baek G, Jo H, Kim J, Cho A, Byun M. Nurses' media competency: A concept analysis. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2024; 139:106232. [PMID: 38703536 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze and define the concept of nurses' media competency. DESIGN Concept analysis. DATA SOURCES We conducted a literature search in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and RISS International, as well as a hand-search, for relevant articles published between January 1990 and April 2023. A total of 57 articles related to nurses' media competency, published in English or Korean, were included in this study. REVIEW METHODS We used Walker and Avant's method of concept analysis to identify the defining attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the concept. RESULTS The seven defining attributes of nurses' media competency were networking with members of the media, selecting the appropriate media platform, considering that the target audience is the public, creating one's own media products, delivering intended messages through the media, monitoring and responding to the media, and maintaining professional dignity. Antecedents of the concept included cultivation of desirable nursing professionalism, critical evaluation of policies and issues, recognition of media influence, establishment of education and guidelines for media use, and having facilities and availability of technologies for media use. Consequences of the concept were improved influence of individual nurses, enhanced public awareness of the nursing profession, stronger networks and collaboration among professionals, and contributions to the promotion of public health. CONCLUSIONS This concept analysis presents a theoretical definition of nurses' media competency that can provide guidance on how to educate nurses to develop media competency and how to measure nurses' media competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Kim
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; Quality Improvement & Patient Safety Team, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gumhee Baek
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hyekyung Jo
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; Nursing Department, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jueun Kim
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; Review Department, Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Aram Cho
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mijin Byun
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; Safety Management Department, Korea Land and Geospatial Informatix Corporation, Jeonju, South Korea
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Nah S, Williamson LD, Kahlor LA, Atkinson L, Upshaw SJ, Ntang-Beb JL. The Roles of Social Media Use and Medical Mistrust in Black Americans' COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: The RISP Model Perspective. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024; 39:1833-1846. [PMID: 37551159 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2244169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented challenges to healthcare and public health messaging in the United States. One area of focus has been vaccination uptake among Black Americans, who have experienced COVID-19 deaths disproportionate to their share of the United States population, raising questions about the processes involved in vaccination perceptions and behaviors. Guided by the Risk Information Seeking and Processing model, this study explored the roles of medical mistrust and social media as a source of risk information in Black Americans' vaccine hesitancy. Survey results from a YouGov panel sample of Black Americans (n = 1,136; 53.5% female) showed that social media use and medical mistrust were positively associated with belief in misinformation related to the COVID-19 vaccine, which, in turn, was positively related to vaccine hesitancy through perceived information insufficiency and information seeking intentions. Furthermore, we found that belief in misinformation and subjective norms toward anti-vaccination also serially mediated the association between social media use and medical mistrust with vaccine hesitancy. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soya Nah
- The Stan Richards School of Advertising & Public Relations, The University of Texas at Austin
| | | | - Lee Ann Kahlor
- The Stan Richards School of Advertising & Public Relations, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Lucy Atkinson
- The Stan Richards School of Advertising & Public Relations, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Sean J Upshaw
- The Stan Richards School of Advertising & Public Relations, The University of Texas at Austin
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Jafari M. Can an Online Course, Life101: Mental and Physical Self-Care, Improve the Well-Being of College Students? JMIR MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 10:e50111. [PMID: 39041304 DOI: 10.2196/50111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Unlabelled The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the mental health of college students worldwide. As colleges shifted to online instruction, students faced disruptions and increased stressors, leading to a decline in mental health that appears to continue in the postpandemic era. To alleviate this problem, academic institutions have implemented various interventions to address mental health issues; however, many of these interventions focus on a single approach and lack diverse delivery methods. This viewpoint introduces the concept of a multimodal self-care online course, Life101: Mental and Physical Self-Care, and discusses the potential effectiveness of such an intervention in improving students' well-being. The course combines evidence-based interventions and incorporates interactive lectures, workshops, and guest speakers. Pre- and postcourse surveys were conducted over a span of 4 academic terms to evaluate the impact of this course on the well-being and self-care practices of students. The survey data suggest positive outcomes in students taking Life101, including the adoption of healthier habits, reduced stress levels, and increased knowledge and practice of self-care techniques. Life101 represents a novel multimodality intervention to address the epidemic of mental health issues faced by students today. By implementing similar evidence-based multimodal didactic curricula across campuses, academic institutions may be able to better equip students to navigate challenges and promote their overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Jafari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Iwashita H, Shrestha R, Yadav UN, Shrestha A, Makaju D, Harada Y, Masuda G, Rawal L, Shrestha A, Karmacharya B, Koju R, Sakamoto H, Sugishita T. Exploring ways to support patients with noncommunicable diseases: A pilot study in Nepal during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0003509. [PMID: 39028727 PMCID: PMC11259295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Global healthcare systems have faced unprecedented strain due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with a profound impact on individuals with non-communicable diseases (NCDs), a scenario particularly pronounced in low-income countries like Nepal. This study aimed to understand the experiences of and challenges faced by patients with NCDs in Nepal during the pandemic, focusing on healthcare service availability and identifying factors affecting healthcare use, with the goal of being prepared for future emergencies. This study utilized a telephonic survey of 102 patients with NCDs and 10 qualitative interviews with healthcare providers in the Kavrepalanchok and Nuwakot districts of Nepal. We used mixed methods, with both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Specifically, multiple correspondence analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and classification tree analysis were used as exploratory methods. The study revealed that while 69.6% of the participants reported no difficulty in obtaining medication, other questions revealed that 58.8% experienced challenges in accessing routine medical care. Major barriers, such as fear of infection, unavailability of medicine in rural areas, and lack of transportation, were found through the qualitative interviews. Meanwhile, participants identified innovative strategies, such as telemedicine and community-based awareness programs, as potential facilitators for addressing barriers that arise during pandemic situations such as COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated challenges in accessing healthcare services for patients with NCDs in Nepal. Our findings suggest the need to design and implement telemedicine services for patients with NCDs, as well as community-based programs that aim to improve health literacy, encourage healthy behavior, prevent development of NCDs, and ensure continuity of care during such crises, especially in countries with limited resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanako Iwashita
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rabina Shrestha
- Research and Development Division, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Uday Narayan Yadav
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Abha Shrestha
- Department of Community Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Deepa Makaju
- Research and Development Division, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Yuriko Harada
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gaku Masuda
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lal Rawal
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, College of Science and Sustainability, Central Queensland University, Sydney Campus, Australia
- Appleton Institute, Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Archana Shrestha
- Department of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Biraj Karmacharya
- Department of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Rajendra Koju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Haruka Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Public Health, St Luke’s International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Sugishita
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Yakushima Onoaida Clinic, Kagoshima, Japan
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8
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Stimpson JP, Park S, Wilson FA, Ortega AN. Variations in Unmet Health Care Needs by Perceptions of Social Media Health Mis- and Disinformation, Frequency of Social Media Use, Medical Trust, and Medical Care Discrimination: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e56881. [PMID: 39037327 DOI: 10.2196/56881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Unmet need for health care is defined as choosing to postpone or completely avoid necessary medical treatment despite having a need for it, which can worsen current conditions or contribute to new health problems. The emerging infodemic can be a barrier that prevents people from accessing quality health information, contributing to lower levels of seeking medical care when needed. Objective We evaluated the association between perceptions of health mis- and disinformation on social media and unmet need for health care. In addition, we evaluated mechanisms for this relationship, including frequency of social media use, medical trust, and medical care discrimination. Methods Data from 3964 active adult social media users responding to the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey 6 (HINTS 6), a nationally representative survey, were analyzed. The outcome was unmet need for medical care, defined as delaying or not getting the necessary medical care. The predictor variables were perception of social media health mis- and disinformation, frequency of social media use, level of trust in the health care system, and perceived racial and ethnic discrimination when receiving health care. Results Multivariable logistic regression models indicated that perception of substantial social media health mis- and disinformation (odds ratio [OR] 1.40, 95% CI 1.07-1.82), daily use of social media (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.01-1.79), low medical trust (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06-2.01), and perceived discrimination (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.44-3.50) were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of unmet need for medical care. Unmet need among adults who did not use social media daily and who did not perceive substantial mis- and disinformation (24%; 95% CI 19%-30%) was lower compared to daily social media users who perceived substantial mis- and disinformation (38%; 95% CI 32%-43%). Adults who perceived substantial mis- and disinformation and had low trust in health care had the highest probability of reporting unmet need (43%; 95% CI 38%-49%) compared to the other three groups. Adults who perceived substantial mis- and disinformation and experienced medical care discrimination had a statistically significant higher probability of reporting unmet need (51%; 95% CI 40%-62%) compared to adults who did not experience medical care discrimination and did not perceive substantial mis- and disinformation (29%; 95% CI 26%-32%). Conclusions Unmet need for medical care was higher among individuals who perceived a substantial degree of social media mis- and disinformation, especially among those who used social media daily, did not trust the health care system, and experienced racial or ethnic discrimination when receiving health care. To counter the negative effects of social media mis- and disinformation on unmet need for health care, public health messaging must focus on daily social media users as well as improving trust and reducing structural racism in the health care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim P Stimpson
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Sungchul Park
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seol, Republic of Korea
| | - Fernando A Wilson
- Matheson Center for Health Care Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Alexander N Ortega
- Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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9
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Bamarni A. [Physicians on social media-influence on physician-patient communication]. DERMATOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024:10.1007/s00105-024-05391-y. [PMID: 38990339 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-024-05391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Avend Bamarni
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hauptstr. 7, 79104, Freiburg, Deutschland.
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Schweiz.
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Kim YI, Kim KH, Oh HJ, Seo Y, Kwon SM, Sung KS, Chong K, Lee MH. Assessing the Suitability of Artificial Intelligence-Based Chatbots as Counseling Agents for Patients with Brain Tumor: A Comprehensive Survey Analysis. World Neurosurg 2024; 187:e963-e981. [PMID: 38735564 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The internet, particularly social media, has become a popular resource for learning about health and investigating one's own health conditions. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots has been fueled by the increasing availability of digital health data and advances in natural language processing techniques. While these chatbots are more accessible than before, they sometimes fail to provide accurate information. METHODS We used representative chatbots currently available (Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer-3.5, Bing Chat, and Google Bard) to answer questions commonly asked by brain tumor patients. The simulated situations with questions were made and selected by the brain tumor committee. These questions are commonly asked by brain tumor patients. The goal of the study was introduced to each chatbot, the situation was explained, and questions were asked. All responses were collected without modification. The answers were shown to the committee members, and they were asked to judge the responses while blinded to the type of chatbot. RESULTS There was no significant difference in accuracy and communication ability among the 3 groups (P = 0.253, 0.090, respectively). For empathy, Bing Chat and Google Bard were superior to Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (P = 0.004, 0.002, respectively). The purpose of this study was not to assess or verify the relative superiority of each chatbot. Instead, the aim was to identify the shortcomings and changes needed if AI chatbots are to be used for patient medical purposes. CONCLUSION AI-based chatbots are a convenient way for patients and the general public to access medical information. Under such circumstances, medical professionals must ensure that the information provided to chatbot users is accurate and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Il Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jin Oh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Youngbeom Seo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sae Min Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Su Sung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Kyuha Chong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Ho Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
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11
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Herweck AM, Chey P, Hipp HS, Kawwass JF. Oocyte cryopreservation on TikTok and Instagram: Who is teaching whom? J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:1763-1770. [PMID: 38613649 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-024-03110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Oocyte cryopreservation (OC) is a medical intervention for reproductive-aged women, a demographic that uses social media heavily. This study characterizes the top TikTok videos and Instagram reels on OC. METHODS Five hashtags pertaining to OC were selected: #oocytepreservation, #oocytecryopreservation, #eggfreezing, #oocytefreezing, and #fertilitypreservation. Top videos for each hashtag were evaluated for source, content, impact, and quality on both platforms. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to analyze differences between laypeople and medical professionals. RESULTS From March to April 2023, 332 posts were reviewed. The most popular hashtags on TikTok and Instagram were #eggfreezing (n = 5.6 million views, n = 68,500 + posts) and #fertilitypreservation (n = 9 million views, n = 20,700 + posts). Laypeople dominated as sources (57.8%, 35.2%), followed by physicians (17.0%, 32.4%). No professional societies videos were found. Educational information (53.1%, 48.6%) was most frequently shared on both platforms respectively, followed by personal experiences (36.1%, 21.6%). Laypersons' posts were dominated by personal experiences (62.0%) with educational content second (33.3%). Educational content by medical professionals was more accurate on both TikTok and Instagram than patients (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). #Eggfreezing had the greatest impact for both patients and medical professionals based on shares (n = 9653, n = 3093), likes (n = 713,263, n = 120,700), and comments (n = 35,453, n = 1478). Notably, laypersons had a larger follower count than medical professionals (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The majority of available videos are from laypeople, focus on education topics, and are less accurate in comparison to those from medical professionals. Professional societies have an opportunity to enhance their social media presence for better availability and accuracy of OC information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Herweck
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle, Suite 327, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Paris Chey
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle, Suite 327, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Heather S Hipp
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer F Kawwass
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Ketterer T, Sieke E, Min J, Quidgley-Martin M, Barral RL, Akers A, Adams A, Miller E, Miller MK, Mollen C. Contraception Initiation in the Emergency Department: Adolescent Perspectives. J Adolesc Health 2024; 75:147-154. [PMID: 38493394 PMCID: PMC11219217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting contraceptive intention and behavior among adolescent females in the pediatric Emergency Department. METHODS We conducted a qualitative interview study nested within a larger prospective cohort study examining adolescent contraceptive counseling for females ages 15-18 years at-risk of unintended pregnancy presenting to the pediatric Emergency Department. Interviews were conducted in a subset of participants. The ecologically expanded Theory of Planned Behavior, expert opinion, and literature review informed the interview guide. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded and monitored for thematic saturation. RESULTS Twenty-eight interviews were analyzed. Mean age was 17.1 years. Themes were mapped to ecologically expanded Theory of Planned Behavior constructs. Within health system influences, prior contraceptive experiences and patient-clinician interactions were described. Within community influences, contraceptive education, knowledge and misinformation, teen pregnancy norms, and social media impacts were described. Within attitudes influences, side-effect and safety concerns, contraceptive motivations and teen pregnancy beliefs were described. Within subjective norm influences, peer and family impacts were described. Within perceived behavioral control, Emergency Department (ED) counseling intervention impacts were described. DISCUSSION We identified factors affecting contraceptive initiation/behavior among an ED adolescent population that otherwise may not have received contraceptive education in similar detail as provided by study clinicians. Adolescents' prior contraceptive and clinician interactions, limited access to contraceptive education, knowledge and misinformation, and side-effect and safety concerns affected initiation. Peer/family sharing and social media were leading contraceptive information sources. Future studies should incorporate insights into adolescent ED intervention design to make optimal use of resources while maximizing potential benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Ketterer
- Policylab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Erin Sieke
- Department of Pediatrics, CHOP, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jungwon Min
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, CHOP, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Romina L Barral
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Children's Mercy at the University of Kansas Hospital, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Aletha Akers
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, CHOP, Specialty Care Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Amber Adams
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital (CMH), Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Elizabeth Miller
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Public Health and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Melissa K Miller
- Department of Emergency Medicine, CMH, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Cynthia Mollen
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Emergency Medicine, CHOP, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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13
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Sallam M, Kareem N, Alkurtas M. The negative impact of misinformation and vaccine conspiracy on COVID-19 vaccine uptake and attitudes among the general public in Iraq. Prev Med Rep 2024; 43:102791. [PMID: 38947232 PMCID: PMC11214192 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccine hesitancy is a major barrier to infectious disease control. Previous studies showed high rates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the Middle East. The current study aimed to investigate the attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 vaccine uptake among adult population in Iraq. Methods This self-administered survey-based study was conducted in August-September 2022. The survey instrument assessed participants' demographics, attitudes to COVID-19 vaccination, beliefs in COVID-19 misinformation, vaccine conspiracy beliefs, and sources of information regarding the vaccine. Results The study sample comprised a total of 2544 individuals, with the majority reporting the uptake of at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination (n = 2226, 87.5 %). Positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination were expressed by the majority of participants (n = 1966, 77.3 %), while neutral and negative attitudes were expressed by 345 (13.6 %) and 233 (9.2 %) participants, respectively. Factors associated with positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination in multivariate analysis included disbelief in COVID-19 misinformation and disagreement with vaccine conspiracies. Higher COVID-19 vaccine uptake was significantly associated with previous history of COVID-19 infection, higher income, residence outside the Capital, disbelief in COVID-19 misinformation, disagreement with vaccine conspiracies, and reliance on reputable information sources. Conclusion COVID-19 vaccine coverage was high among the participants, with a majority having positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination. Disbelief in COVID-19 misinformation and disagreement with vaccine conspiracies were correlated with positive vaccine attitudes and higher vaccine uptake. These insights can inform targeted interventions to enhance vaccination campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nariman Kareem
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Alkurtas
- Department of Pathology, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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14
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DeMora SL, Granados Samayoa JA, Albarracín D. Social media use and vaccination among Democrats and Republicans: Informational and normative influences. Soc Sci Med 2024; 352:117031. [PMID: 38850678 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Our objective was to determine whether social media influences vaccination through informational and normative influences among Democrats and Republicans. We use a probability-based longitudinal study of Americans (N = 1768) collected between December 2022 and September 2023 to examine the prospective associations between social media use and vaccination as well as informational and normative influence as mediating processes. Greater social media use correlates with more frequent vaccination (cross-lagged coefficients: COVID-19 = 0.113, p < 0.001; influenza = 0.123, p < 0.001). The underlying processes, however, vary between Democrats and Republicans. Democrats who use social media more are more likely to vaccinate because they encounter information about new pathogens. In contrast, Republicans who use social media more are more likely to vaccinate because they think that people who are important to them receive the recommended vaccines. Our findings underscore the potential for social media campaigns to promote vaccination, among both Democrats and Republicans by paying attention to the specific processes in each audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L DeMora
- Annenberg Public Policy Center, University of Pennsylvania, 202 S 36th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Javier A Granados Samayoa
- Annenberg Public Policy Center, University of Pennsylvania, 202 S 36th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Dolores Albarracín
- Annenberg Public Policy Center, University of Pennsylvania, 202 S 36th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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15
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Ali Baig S, Malhotra K, Banerjee AJ, Kowsik M, Kumar K, Rahman F, Batul SS, Saiyed MF, Venkatesh V, Viswanath Iyer P, Kempegowda P. Assessment of the quality, content, and reliability of YouTube® videos on diabetes mellitus and polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review with cross-sectional analysis comparing peer-reviewed videos. Endocr Connect 2024; 13:e240059. [PMID: 38856005 PMCID: PMC11227060 DOI: 10.1530/ec-24-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
YouTube® is one of the leading platforms for health information. However, the lack of regulation of content and quality raises concerns about accuracy and reliability. CoMICs (Concise Medical Information Cines) are evidence-based short videos created by medical students and junior doctors and reviewed by experts to ensure clinical accuracy. We performed a systematic review to understand the impact of videos on knowledge and awareness about diabetes and PCOS. We then evaluated the quality of YouTube® videos about diabetes and PCOS using various validated quality assessment tools and compared these with CoMICs videos on the same topics. Quality assessment tools like DISCERN, JAMA benchmark criteria, and global quality scale (GQS) score were employed. Some of the authors of this study also co-authored the creation of some of the CoMICs evaluated. Our study revealed that while videos effectively improve understanding of diabetes and PCOS, there are notable differences in quality and reliability of the videos on YouTube®. For diabetes, CoMICs videos had higher DISCERN scores (CoMICs vs YouTube®: 2.4 vs 1.6), superior reliability (P < 0.01), and treatment quality (P < 0.01) and met JAMA criteria for authorship (100% vs 30.6%) and currency (100% vs 53.1%). For PCOS, CoMICs had higher DISCERN scores (2.9 vs 1.9), reliability (P < 0.01), and treatment quality (P < 0.01); met JAMA criteria for authorship (100% vs 34.0%) and currency (100% vs 54.0%); and had higher GQS scores (4.0 vs 3.0). In conclusion, CoMICs outperformed other similar sources on YouTube® in providing reliable evidence-based medical information which may be used for patient education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shams Ali Baig
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kashish Malhotra
- Department of Surgery, Rama Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anagh Josh Banerjee
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mukunth Kowsik
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Khushi Kumar
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Fazna Rahman
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Syeda Sabbah Batul
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Faraaz Saiyed
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Vardhan Venkatesh
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Pranav Viswanath Iyer
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Punith Kempegowda
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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16
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Okuhara T, Terada M, Okada H, Kiuchi T. Experiences of Governments and Public Health Agencies Regarding Crisis Communication During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Digital Age: Protocol for a Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e58040. [PMID: 38935414 PMCID: PMC11240069 DOI: 10.2196/58040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Governments and public health agencies worldwide experienced difficulties with social media-mediated infodemics on the internet during the COVID-19 pandemic. Existing public health crisis communication strategies need to be updated. However, crisis communication experiences of governments and public health agencies worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic have not been systematically compiled, necessitating updated crisis communication strategies. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to collect and organize the crisis communication experiences of senders (ie, governments and public health agencies) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our focus is on exploring the difficulties that governments and public health agencies experienced, best practices in crisis communication by governments and public health agencies during the COVID-19 pandemic in times of infodemic, and challenges that should be overcome in future public health crises. METHODS We plan to begin the literature search on May 1, 2024. We will search PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Communication Abstracts, and Web of Science. We will filter our database searches to search from the year 2020 and beyond. We will use a combination of keywords by referring to the SPIDER (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, and Research type) tool to search the abstracts in databases. We intend to include qualitative studies on crisis communication by governments and public health agencies (eg, officials, staff, health professionals, and researchers) to the public. Quantitative data-based studies will be excluded. Only papers written in English will be included. Data on study characteristics, study aim, participant characteristics, methodology, theoretical framework, object of crisis communication, and key results will be extracted. The methodological quality of eligible studies will be assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for qualitative research. A total of 2 independent reviewers will share responsibility for screening publications, data extraction, and quality assessment. Disagreement will be resolved through discussion, and the third reviewer will be consulted, if necessary. The findings will be summarized in a table and a conceptual diagram and synthesized in a descriptive and narrative review. RESULTS The results will be systematically integrated and presented in a way that corresponds to our research objectives and interests. We expect the results of this review to be submitted for publication by the end of 2024. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this will be the first systematic review of the experiences of governments and public health agencies regarding their crisis communication to the public during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review will contribute to the future improvement of the guidelines for crisis communication by governments and public health agencies to the public. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42024528975; https://tinyurl.com/4fjmd8te. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/58040.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Okuhara
- Department of Health Communication, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marina Terada
- Department of Health Communication, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Okada
- Department of Health Communication, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kiuchi
- Department of Health Communication, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Liu TL, Hsiao RC, Chou WJ, Yen CF. Parenting stress, anxiety, and sources of acquiring knowledge in Taiwanese caregivers of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1675. [PMID: 38914984 PMCID: PMC11195007 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18761-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This survey study investigated the types of sources other than medical professionals (e.g., social media) that the caregivers of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) use to acquire knowledge about ADHD and investigated the association between the use of such information sources and caregiver parenting stress and anxiety in Taiwan. METHODS A total of 213 caregivers of children with ADHD participated in this study. The sources that the caregivers used to acquire knowledge about ADHD other than medical professionals were investigated. Caregiver parenting stress was assessed using the Parenting Stress Index, and caregiver anxiety was assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory. The associations of the types of sources used and total number of source use with caregiver parenting stress and anxiety were investigated using multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS The most common source of knowledge other than medical professionals was teachers (55.4%), followed by social media (52.6%), traditional media (50.7%), friends (33.8%), caregivers of other children (21.1%), and family members (18.3%). The caregivers' mean total number of using sources of knowledge about ADHD other than medical professionals was 2.32. Acquiring knowledge about ADHD from social media was significantly associated with caregiver parenting stress. Additionally, acquiring knowledge about ADHD from caregivers of other children was significantly associated with caregiver parenting stress and anxiety, as was the frequency of using sources of knowledge about ADHD other than medical professionals. CONCLUSION The caregivers of children with ADHD acquired knowledge about ADHD from multiple sources. Acquiring knowledge about ADHD from social media was significantly associated with caregiver parenting stress. The number of sources of knowledge about ADHD was significantly associated with caregiver parenting stress and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Ling Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, and Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ray C Hsiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Seattle Children's, Seattle, and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wen-Jiun Chou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, 32 Dapi Rd. Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung, 83341, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Fang Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and School of Medicine College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
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18
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Rai S, Kornides M, Morgan J, Kumar A, Cappella J, Guntuku SC. Detecting and monitoring concerns against HPV vaccination on social media using large language models. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14362. [PMID: 38906941 PMCID: PMC11192875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64703-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Health risks due to preventable infections such as human papillomavirus (HPV) are exacerbated by persistent vaccine hesitancy. Due to limited sample sizes and the time needed to roll out, traditional methodologies like surveys and interviews offer restricted insights into quickly evolving vaccine concerns. Social media platforms can serve as fertile ground for monitoring vaccine-related conversations and detecting emerging concerns in a scalable and dynamic manner. Using state-of-the-art large language models, we propose a minimally supervised end-to-end approach to identify concerns against HPV vaccination from social media posts. We detect and characterize the concerns against HPV vaccination pre- and post-2020 to understand the evolution of HPV vaccine discourse. Upon analyzing 653 k HPV-related post-2020 tweets, adverse effects, personal anecdotes, and vaccine mandates emerged as the dominant themes. Compared to pre-2020, there is a shift towards personal anecdotes of vaccine injury with a growing call for parental consent and transparency. The proposed approach provides an end-to-end system, i.e. given a collection of tweets, a list of prevalent concerns is returned, providing critical insights for crafting targeted interventions, debunking messages, and informing public health campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Rai
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Melanie Kornides
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer Morgan
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Aman Kumar
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Joseph Cappella
- Annenberg School of Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sharath Chandra Guntuku
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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19
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Loeb S, Langford AT, Bragg MA, Sherman R, Chan JM. Cancer misinformation on social media. CA Cancer J Clin 2024. [PMID: 38896503 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Social media is widely used globally by patients, families of patients, health professionals, scientists, and other stakeholders who seek and share information related to cancer. Despite many benefits of social media for cancer care and research, there is also a substantial risk of exposure to misinformation, or inaccurate information about cancer. Types of misinformation vary from inaccurate information about cancer risk factors or unproven treatment options to conspiracy theories and public relations articles or advertisements appearing as reliable medical content. Many characteristics of social media networks-such as their extensive use and the relative ease it allows to share information quickly-facilitate the spread of misinformation. Research shows that inaccurate and misleading health-related posts on social media often get more views and engagement (e.g., likes, shares) from users compared with accurate information. Exposure to misinformation can have downstream implications for health-related attitudes and behaviors. However, combatting misinformation is a complex process that requires engagement from media platforms, scientific and health experts, governmental organizations, and the general public. Cancer experts, for example, should actively combat misinformation in real time and should disseminate evidence-based content on social media. Health professionals should give information prescriptions to patients and families and support health literacy. Patients and families should vet the quality of cancer information before acting upon it (e.g., by using publicly available checklists) and seek recommended resources from health care providers and trusted organizations. Future multidisciplinary research is needed to identify optimal ways of building resilience and combating misinformation across social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Loeb
- Department of Urology, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Surgery, Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aisha T Langford
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Marie A Bragg
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
- Marketing Department, Stern School of Business, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Sherman
- Stakeholder Advisory Board, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - June M Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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20
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Pickett AC, Valdez D, Sinclair KL, Kochell WJ, Fowler B, Werner NE. Social Media Discourse Related to Caregiving for Older Adults Living With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias: Computational and Qualitative Study. JMIR Aging 2024; 7:e59294. [PMID: 38896462 PMCID: PMC11222768 DOI: 10.2196/59294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, caregivers of people living with Alzheimer disease and Alzheimer disease-related dementias (AD/ADRD) provide >16 billion hours of unpaid care annually. These caregivers experience high levels of stress and burden related to the challenges associated with providing care. Social media is an emerging space for individuals to seek various forms of support. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the primary topics of conversation on the social media site Reddit related to AD/ADRD. We then aimed to explore these topics in depth, specifically examining elements of social support and behavioral symptomology discussed by users. METHODS We first generated an unsupervised topic model from 6563 posts made to 2 dementia-specific subreddit forums (r/Alzheimers and r/dementia). Then, we conducted a manual qualitative content analysis of a random subset of these data to further explore salient themes in the corpus. RESULTS The topic model with the highest overall coherence score (0.38) included 10 topics, including caregiver burden, anxiety, support-seeking, and AD/ADRD behavioral symptomology. Qualitative analyses provided added context, wherein users sought emotional and informational support for many aspects of the care experience, including assistance in making key care-related decisions. Users expressed challenging and complex emotions on Reddit, which may be taboo to express in person. CONCLUSIONS Reddit users seek many different forms of support, including emotional and specific informational support, from others on the internet. Users expressed a variety of concerns, challenges, and behavioral symptoms to manage as part of the care experience. The unique (ie, anonymous and moderated) nature of the forum allowed for a safe space to express emotions free from documented caregiver stigma. Additional support structures are needed to assist caregivers of people living with AD/ADRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Pickett
- Department of Health & Wellness Design, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Danny Valdez
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Kelsey L Sinclair
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Wesley J Kochell
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Boone Fowler
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Nicole E Werner
- Department of Health & Wellness Design, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
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21
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Huang MF, Yeh YC, Liu TL, Hsiao RC, Chen CS, Yen CF. Factors Related to Caregivers' Intention to Vaccinate Their Elderly Family Members with Major Neurocognitive Disorders against COVID-19. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:668. [PMID: 38932397 PMCID: PMC11209509 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccination helps reduce the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in elderly individuals with major neurocognitive disorders (MNDs). However, some caregivers are hesitant to have their elderly family members with MNDs vaccinated against COVID-19. This study explored the factors influencing caregivers' intentions to vaccinate elderly family members with MNDs against COVID-19. A total of 232 caregivers of elderly family members with MNDs participated in this study. In this survey, data regarding COVID-19 vaccination acceptance, fear, side effects, family members' attitudes toward vaccination, mental health status, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and cognitive impairments were collected from the elderly participants with MNDs. The associations between these variables and the caregivers' intention to vaccinate their elderly family members with MNDs against COVID-19 were examined using a multivariable linear regression analysis model. The results revealed that caregivers' perceived familial support for vaccination, the perceived value of vaccination, and autonomy to vaccinate elder family members were positively correlated with caregivers' intention to vaccinate elderly family members with MNDs, whereas elderly family members' age was negatively correlated with caregiver intentions. This study demonstrated that caregiver factors (perceived familial support, value of vaccination, and autonomy) and elderly family members' age were correlated with caregiver intention. These factors should be considered in developing interventions to enhance caregivers' intentions to vaccinate their elderly family members with MNDs against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Feng Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan; (M.-F.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan; (M.-F.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ling Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan; (M.-F.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ray C. Hsiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Seattle Children’s, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Cheng-Sheng Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan; (M.-F.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fang Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan; (M.-F.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
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22
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Levy MS, Hunt KN, Rinehart S, Brown AD, Kelly AG, Sundaram P, Crump A, Sinclair TJ, Dey K, Zoroufy A, Caban-Martinez AJ, Plowden TC. COVID-19 Vaccine Information and Infertility Posts on X: Insights on a Misinformation Pandemic. Perm J 2024; 28:47-54. [PMID: 38698715 PMCID: PMC11232903 DOI: 10.7812/tpp/23.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate misinformation surrounding infertility and the COVID-19 vaccine on X (formerly known as Twitter) by analyzing the prevalence and content of this misinformation across a sample of posts on X. METHODS This study is a retrospective review of posts on X (formerly known as tweets) from the COVID-19-TweetIDs dataset from July 2021 and November 2021. Included posts were from crucial time points in the COVID-19 vaccine discourse and contained at least one word related to COVID-19 vaccination and fertility. Posts were analyzed and categorized based on factuality, common words, and hashtags. Descriptive statistics on total followers, account verification status, and engagement were obtained. Differences between posts on X classified as factual and misinformation were examined using analysis of variance or χ2 tests. Sentiment analysis determined if post content was generally positive, neutral, or negative. RESULTS A total of 17,418 relevant posts on X were reviewed: 11,436 from timeframe 1 (July 2021) and 5982 from timeframe 2 (December 2021). Misinformation posts rose from 29.9% in July 2021 to 45.1% in November 2021. In both timeframes, accounts sharing factual information had more followers (p < 0.001), and verified users were more likely to share accurate posts (p ≤ 0.001). Factual and misinformation posts had similar engagement. Sentiment analysis identified that real posts were more positive and misinformation posts were more negative (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Misinformation about the COVID-19 vaccine and fertility is highly prevalent on X and threatens vaccine uptake in patients desiring future fertility. Accounts sharing factual information were likely to have more followers and be verified; therefore, verifying more physicians sharing accurate information is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan S Levy
- Department of Medical Education, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kelby N Hunt
- Department of Medical Education, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sarah Rinehart
- Department of Medical Education, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alyssa D Brown
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amelia G Kelly
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Padmaja Sundaram
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Massachusetts, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Alisha Crump
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | - Kally Dey
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | | | - Alberto J Caban-Martinez
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Torie Comeaux Plowden
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Liu Z, Chen Y, Lin Y, Ai M, Lian D, Zhang Y, Shen Y, Yu F. YouTube/ Bilibili/ TikTok videos as sources of medical information on laryngeal carcinoma: cross-sectional content analysis study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1594. [PMID: 38877432 PMCID: PMC11177428 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND YouTube, a widely recognized global video platform, is inaccessible in China, whereas Bilibili and TikTok are popular platforms for long and short videos, respectively. There are many videos related to laryngeal carcinoma on these platforms. This study aims to identify upload sources, contents, and feature information of these videos on YouTube, Bilibili, and TikTok, and further evaluate the video quality. METHODS On January 1, 2024, we searched the top 100 videos by default sort order (300 videos in total) with the terms "laryngeal carcinoma" and "throat cancer" on YouTube, "" on Bilibili and TikTok. Videos were screened for relevance and similarity. Video characteristics were documented, and quality was assessed by using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT), Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI), Global Quality Score (GQS), and modified DISCERN (mDISCERN). RESULTS The analysis included 99 YouTube videos, 76 from Bilibili, and 73 from TikTok. Median video lengths were 193 s (YouTube), 136 s (Bilibili), and 42 s (TikTok). TikTok videos demonstrated higher audience interaction. Bilibili had the lowest ratio of original contents (69.7%). Treatment was the most popular topic on YouTube and Bilibili, while that was the prognosis on TikTok. Solo narration was the most common video style across all platforms. Video uploaders were predominantly non-profit organizations (YouTube), self-media (Bilibili), and doctors (TikTok), with TikTok authors having the highest certification rate (83.3%). Video quality, assessed using PEMAT, VIQI, GQS, and mDISCERN, varied across platforms, with YouTube generally showing the highest scores. Videos from professional authors performed better than videos from non-professionals based on the GQS and mDISCERN scores. Spearman correlation analysis showed no strong relationships between the video quality and the audience interaction. CONCLUSIONS Videos on social media platforms can help the public learn about the knowledge of laryngeal cancer to some extent. TikTok achieves the best flow, but videos on YouTube are of the best quality. However, the video quality across all platforms still needs enhancement. We need more professional uploaders to ameliorate the video quality related to laryngeal carcinoma. Content creators also should be aware of the certification, the originality, and the style of video shooting. As for the platforms, refining the algorithm will allow users to receive more high-quality videos.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZeYang Liu
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - YiWen Chen
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - MaoMao Ai
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - DongLing Lian
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - YuanHui Zhang
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - YanXiong Shen
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Osman S, Paudyal V, Jalal Z, Hirsch C. Perspectives of pharmacy staff on provision of self-care and minor ailment education in primary schools: a qualitative study. Int J Clin Pharm 2024:10.1007/s11096-024-01753-7. [PMID: 38861044 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-024-01753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacy professionals, given their health expertise, can play a role in enhancing health education within their communities and among patients. The potential of the pharmacy workforce to enhance health education among primary school children is underexplored. AIM This study aimed to investigate the perspectives of pharmacy staff on the provision of education regarding self-care and treatment of minor ailments to primary school-aged children and to identify roles that pharmacists could play in this regard. METHOD Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted online with frontline pharmacy staff in the UK who had patient facing roles with primary school-aged children and parents. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic data analysis was applied to the transcripts. RESULTS A total of 17 participants were recruited. Participants included 12 pharmacists, two pharmacy technicians and three pharmacy dispensers. All participants worked within community, hospital or primary care facilities. Five themes emerged from the data analysis: sources of health knowledge accessed by children and parents; a perceived lack of knowledge regarding self-care and treatments for minor ailments among children and parents; a perceived positive impact of education on self-care; barriers to health education; and the potential role of pharmacy staff in self-care education in schools. CONCLUSION Pharmacy staff recognise the value of integrating health education into primary school curricula. A collaborative approach with educational institutions could bridge the gap in knowledge regarding self-care and treatment of minor ailments, and could empower children and reduce unnecessary use of healthcare resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Osman
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Vibhu Paudyal
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Zahraa Jalal
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Christine Hirsch
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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25
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Plunkett C, Pilkington M. Beliefs, screening attitudes and breast cancer awareness of young women with neurofibromatosis type 1: A reflexive thematic analysis. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241255053. [PMID: 38859614 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241255053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) predisposes individuals to benign and malignant tumours. Young women with NF1 (<50 years) have an up to five-fold increased risk of breast cancer. The UK adopts moderate cancer risk guidelines of NICE, advising women with NF1 to attend breast screening from 40 years. Previous results from a systematic review and meta-analysis found that breast cancer in this cohort predominantly occurs from 34 to 44 years. Without earlier screening, breast awareness is fundamental. Reflexive thematic analysis and semi-structured interview questions based on the health belief model explored whether a tailor-made breast cancer awareness intervention would be beneficial by examining beliefs, screening attitudes and breast cancer awareness of young women with NF1. Findings suggest the establishment of accessible and accurate NF1 and breast awareness information, development and implementation of a breast awareness intervention for young women with NF1, and healthcare professionals.
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26
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Reygaerts H, Smith S, Renner LM, Ruiz Y, Schwab-Reese LM. A qualitative content analysis of cannabis-related discussions on Reddit during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304336. [PMID: 38843215 PMCID: PMC11156309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Social media has become an increasingly important way to seek and share experiences, support, knowledge, and advice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Reddit, a pseudonymous social media platform, was one way that young people interacted during the pandemic. Our study goals were two-fold: (1) to categorize information sought and provided by users of r/saplings, a subreddit devoted to cannabis use and is often used by young people, and (2) to examine if conversations changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We extracted 213 randomly selected posts and 2,546 related comments across four time periods (before the pandemic, during the first wave, summer, and next fall). We assessed the volume of posts and comments throughout our study period and conducted a qualitative content analysis. Quantitatively, the findings demonstrated an increase in the number of posts and comments throughout the study period. Given the substantial growth in subreddit activity throughout our study period, Reddit may play an increasingly important role in youth socialization related to cannabis. From the content analysis, we identified three major themes: how to acquire cannabis, how to use cannabis, and associated consequences. Reddit-users prioritized certain content in their posts at different stages of the pandemic. 'Places to acquire' and 'future use' were most common at the beginning of the pandemic, while the theme of 'consequences' and the topic of 'tolerance' became more prominent during the summer months. The comments to these posts were generally thorough and responsive to the post. Nearly all the information came from opinions or personal experiences. Firstly, our findings suggest that young people viewed Reddit as a viable outlet for conversations about cannabis. Secondly, due to the nature of the peer comments and lack of verifiable information being exchanged, misinformation may still circulate and inadvertently worsen the efforts to reduce cannabis-related harm. Interventions that provide understandable and accurate cannabis-related information in accessible formats may increase young people's ability to access and practice harm reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Reygaerts
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sidney Smith
- Department of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Lynette M. Renner
- School of Social Work, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Yumary Ruiz
- Department of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Laura M. Schwab-Reese
- Department of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
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27
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Lu Q, Schulz PJ. Physician Perspectives on Internet-Informed Patients: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e47620. [PMID: 38842920 PMCID: PMC11190621 DOI: 10.2196/47620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The internet has become a prevalent source of health information for patients. However, its accuracy and relevance are often questionable. While patients seek physicians' expertise in interpreting internet health information, physicians' perspectives on patients' information-seeking behavior are less explored. OBJECTIVE This review aims to understand physicians' perceptions of patients' internet health information-seeking behavior as well as their communication strategies and the challenges and needs they face with internet-informed patients. METHODS An initial search in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Communication and Mass Media Complete, and PsycINFO was conducted to collect studies published from January 1990 to August 1, 2022. A subsequent search on December 24, 2023, targeted recent studies published after the initial search cutoff date. Two reviewers independently performed title, abstract, and full-text screening, adhering to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement guidelines. Thematic analysis was then used to identify key themes and systematically categorize evidence from both qualitative and quantitative studies under these themes. RESULTS A total of 22 qualifying articles were identified after the search and screening process. Physicians were found to hold diverse views on patients' internet searches, which can be viewed as a continuous spectrum of opinions ranging from positive to negative. While some physicians leaned distinctly toward either positive or negative perspectives, a significant number expressed more balanced views. These physicians recognized both the benefits, such as increased patient health knowledge and informed decision-making, and the potential harms, including misinformation and the triggering of negative emotions, such as patient anxiety or confusion, associated with patients' internet health information seeking. Two communicative strategies were identified: the participative and defensive approaches. While the former seeks to guide internet-informed patients to use internet information with physicians' expertise, the latter aims to discourage patients from using the internet to seek health information. Physicians' perceptions were linked to their strategies: those holding positive views tended to adopt a participative approach, while those with negative views favored a defensive strategy. Some physicians claimed to shift between the 2 approaches depending on their interaction with a certain patient. We also identified several challenges and needs of physicians in dealing with internet-informed patients, including the time pressure to address internet-informed patient demands, a lack of structured training, and being uninformed about trustworthy internet sites that can be recommended to internet-informed patients. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the diverse perceptions that physicians hold toward internet-informed patients, as well as the interplay between their perceptions, communication strategies, and their interactions with individual patients. Incorporating elements into the medical teaching curriculum that introduce physicians to reliable internet health resources for patient guidance, coupled with providing updates on technological advancements, could be instrumental in equipping physicians to more effectively manage internet-informed patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022356317; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=356317.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfeng Lu
- Faculty of Communication, Culture and Society, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Peter Johannes Schulz
- Faculty of Communication, Culture and Society, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Communication & Media, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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28
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Nickel B, Heiss R, Shih P, Gram EG, Copp T, Taba M, Moynihan R, Zadro J. Social Media Promotion of Health Tests With Potential for Overdiagnosis or Overuse: Protocol for a Content Analysis. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e56899. [PMID: 38833693 PMCID: PMC11185923 DOI: 10.2196/56899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, social media have emerged as important spaces for commercial marketing of health tests, which can be used for the screening and diagnosis of otherwise generally healthy people. However, little is known about how health tests are promoted on social media, whether the information provided is accurate and balanced, and if there is transparency around conflicts of interest. OBJECTIVE This study aims to understand and quantify how social media is being used to discuss or promote health tests with the potential for overdiagnosis or overuse to generally healthy people. METHODS Content analysis of social media posts on the anti-Mullerian hormone test, whole-body magnetic resonance imaging scan, multicancer early detection, testosterone test, and gut microbe test from influential international social media accounts on Instagram and TikTok. The 5 tests have been identified as having the following criteria: (1) there are evidence-based concerns about overdiagnosis or overuse, (2) there is evidence or concerns that the results of tests do not lead to improved health outcomes for generally healthy people and may cause harm or waste, and (3) the tests are being promoted on social media to generally healthy people. English language text-only posts, images, infographics, articles, recorded videos including reels, and audio-only posts are included. Posts from accounts with <1000 followers as well as stories, live videos, and non-English posts are excluded. Using keywords related to the test, the top posts were searched and screened until there were 100 eligible posts from each platform for each test (total of 1000 posts). Data from the caption, video, and on-screen text are being summarized and extracted into a Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation) spreadsheet and included in the analysis. The analysis will take a combined inductive approach when generating key themes and a deductive approach using a prespecified framework. Quantitative data will be analyzed in Stata SE (version 18.0; Stata Corp). RESULTS Data on Instagram and TikTok have been searched and screened. Analysis has now commenced. The findings will be disseminated via publications in peer-reviewed international medical journals and will also be presented at national and international conferences in late 2024 and 2025. CONCLUSIONS This study will contribute to the limited evidence base on the nature of the relationship between social media and the problems of overdiagnosis and overuse of health care services. This understanding is essential to develop strategies to mitigate potential harm and plan solutions, with the aim of helping to protect members of the public from being marketed low-value tests, becoming patients unnecessarily, and taking resources away from genuine needs within the health system. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/56899.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Nickel
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Raffael Heiss
- Center for Social & Health Innovation, Management Centre Innsbruk, Innsbruk, Austria
| | - Patti Shih
- Australian Centre for Health Engagement Evidence and Values, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Emma Grundtvig Gram
- Center for General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Australia
| | - Tessa Copp
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melody Taba
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ray Moynihan
- Institute for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Joshua Zadro
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Heidema S, Stoepker IV, Flaherty G, Angelo KM, Post RAJ, Miller C, Libman M, Hamer DH, van den Heuvel ER, Huits R. From GeoSentinel data to epidemiological insights: a multidisciplinary effort towards artificial intelligence-supported detection of infectious disease outbreaks. J Travel Med 2024; 31:taae013. [PMID: 38236181 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Stan Heidema
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo V Stoepker
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Flaherty
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kristina M Angelo
- Division of Global Migration and Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Richard A J Post
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Charles Miller
- Division of Global Migration and Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Michael Libman
- J.D. MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases, McGill University, Room E05.1830, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, Québec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Davidson H Hamer
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Crosstown 308, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Crosstown 308, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Policy and Research, Boston University, 111 Cummington Mall, #104, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Edwin R van den Heuvel
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord Street, Floor L-5, Boston, MA 02218, USA
| | - Ralph Huits
- Department of Infectious Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, 37024, Via Don A Sempreboni 5, Negrar di Valpolicella, Verona, Italy
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30
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Tandar CE, Bajaj SS, Stanford FC. Social Media and Artificial Intelligence-Understanding Medical Misinformation Through Snapchat's New Artificial Intelligence Chatbot. MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS. DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 2:252-254. [PMID: 38962215 PMCID: PMC11221787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpdig.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fatima Cody Stanford
- Massachusetts General Hospital, MGH Weight Center, Department of Medicine-Division of Endocrinology-Neuroendocrine, Department of Pediatrics-Division of Endocrinology, Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard (NORCH), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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31
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Kim EJ, Foppiani J, Alvarez AH, Valentine L, Weidman AA, Bustos VP, Lin SJ, Lee BT. The Impact of Health Literacy on Trust in Online Plastic Surgery Content: A Nationwide Analysis. J Surg Res 2024; 298:300-306. [PMID: 38640615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION On most online platforms, just about anyone can disseminate plastic surgery (PS) content regardless of their educational or professional background. This study examines the general public's perceptions of the accuracy of online PS content and the factors that contribute to the discernment of credible information. METHODS The Amazon Mechanical Turk crowdsourcing platform was used to survey adults in the United States. The survey assessed respondent demographics, health literacy (HL), and perceptions of online PS content accuracy. T-tests, Chi-square tests, and post hoc analyses with Bonferroni corrections assessed differences between HL groups. Multivariate linear regressions assessed associations between sociodemographic variables and perceptions of online content. RESULTS In total, 428 (92.0%) of 465 complete responses were analyzed. The median age of respondents was 32 y (interquartile range: 29-40). Online sources were predominantly perceived to have a high degree of accuracy, with mean scores of various platforms ranging from 3.8 to 4.5 (1 = not accurate at all; 5 = extremely accurate). The low HL group perceived social media sites and review sites to be more accurate than the high HL respondents, particularly for Reddit (P = 0.004), Pinterest (P = 0.040), and Snapchat (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS There is a concerning relationship between low HL and the perceptions of the accuracy of online PS sources. This study underscores the need for education campaigns, the development of trustworthy online resources, and initiatives to improve HL. By fostering a more informed public, individuals seeking PS can make better informed decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin J Kim
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jose Foppiani
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Angelica Hernandez Alvarez
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren Valentine
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Allan A Weidman
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Valeria P Bustos
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Samuel J Lin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Bernard T Lee
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Li B, Liu M, Liu J, Zhang Y, Yang W, Xie L. Quality assessment of health science-related short videos on TikTok: A scoping review. Int J Med Inform 2024; 186:105426. [PMID: 38531256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this review are to clarify the current state of research in terms of assessment tools and assessors of the quality of health science-related short videos on TikTok, to identify limitations in existing research; and to provide a reference for future studies. METHODS A scoping review was conducted. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, and CBM databases were searched from September 2016 to November 2022. Manual searching was also performed to identify additional eligible studies. A total of 2620 documents were initially retrieved, and 29 were ultimately included. The literature was screened and collected, and data were extracted and summarized by 2 researchers. RESULTS (1) The quality evaluation tools used in the 29 papers included the DISCERN, PEMAT(A/V), GQS, JAMA, HONcode, guidelines and self-developed tools. Twenty-four of the included articles used the DISCERN for quality assessment, which was the most frequently used evaluation tool. However, most of these tools were not developed to assess health science-related short videos, lacked credibility tests, and had poor applicability; therefore, the accuracy of the evaluation results might be biased. (2) The assessors of the quality of health science-related short videos on TikTok were mainly experts in related fields and medical students, with doctors (12/14) being the most common evaluators. Fifteen studies did not report the identity of the evaluators, and 12 studies did not report interrater reliability. CONCLUSION This scoping review found that there is a lack of specific quality assessment tools for health science-related short videos on TikTok. Second, the current quality assessors of health science-related short videos on TikTok are limited. Future research should focus on the development of reliable, scientific quality assessment tools for health science-related short videos; unifying the evaluation standards; inviting users with different backgrounds and different health literacy levels to conduct quality assessments; exploring the quality assessment of health science-related short videos on TikTok from different perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyan Li
- Department of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Department of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lunfang Xie
- Department of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Kamyabi A, Iyamu I, Saini M, May C, McKee G, Choi A. Advocating for population health: The role of public health practitioners in the age of artificial intelligence. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE 2024; 115:473-476. [PMID: 38625496 PMCID: PMC11151885 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-024-00881-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, artificial intelligence (AI) has begun to transform Canadian organizations, driven by the promise of improved efficiency, better decision-making, and enhanced client experience. While AI holds great opportunities, there are also near-term impacts on the determinants of health and population health equity that are already emerging. If adoption is unregulated, there is a substantial risk that health inequities could be exacerbated through intended or unintended biases embedded in AI systems. New economic opportunities could be disproportionately leveraged by already privileged workers and owners of AI systems, reinforcing prevailing power dynamics. AI could also detrimentally affect population well-being by replacing human interactions rather than fostering social connectedness. Furthermore, AI-powered health misinformation could undermine effective public health communication. To respond to these challenges, public health must assess and report on the health equity impacts of AI, inform implementation to reduce health inequities, and facilitate intersectoral partnerships to foster development of policies and regulatory frameworks to mitigate risks. This commentary highlights AI's near-term risks for population health to inform a public health response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ihoghosa Iyamu
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Manik Saini
- Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Curtis May
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Geoffrey McKee
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alex Choi
- Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Nortje N, Palmer A, Enck G, Masciari CF, Neumann J, Gallagher CM. Evolving Landscape of Ethics in Oncology: A Journey Through the Past, Present, and Future. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2024; 44:e100043. [PMID: 38788171 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Providing a brief overview of past, present, and future ethics issues in oncology, this article begins with historical contexts, including the paternalistic approach to cancer care. It delves into present-day challenges such as navigating cancer treatment during pregnancy and addressing health care disparities faced by LGBTQ+ individuals. It also explores the ethical implications of emerging technologies, notably artificial intelligence and Big Data, in clinical decision making and medical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Nortje
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Amitabha Palmer
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Section of Integrated Ethics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Gavin Enck
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Section of Integrated Ethics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Christopher Frank Masciari
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Section of Integrated Ethics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Joyce Neumann
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Section of Integrated Ethics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Colleen Mary Gallagher
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Section of Integrated Ethics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Terada M, Okuhara T, Nishiie Y, Kiuchi T, Murakami K. Misinformation surrounding sodium reduction for blood pressure: content analysis of Japanese posts on X. Health Promot Int 2024; 39:daae073. [PMID: 38934479 PMCID: PMC11208930 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daae073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This content analysis aimed to assess misinformation themes regarding sodium reduction and blood pressure on X with the goal of providing strategies to address and debunk such misinformation. A total of 531 posts were manually coded into sodium-related misinformation themes, with inclusion criteria for posts asserting no association between sodium reduction and hypertension or claiming consuming sodium is beneficial for health. Numbers and post frequencies per misinformation theme were calculated. Post characteristics, including information sources, advertisements and narratives, were coded, and a correlation analysis was conducted to assess their association with each misinformation theme. Fourteen sodium-related misinformation themes were identified and consistently disseminated on X. The predominant theme, 'Natural Salt', accounted for 37.7% (n = 200), reaching 1.6 million followers, followed by 'Reducing salt could be bad for my health' theme, comprising 28.6% (n = 152) and reaching 1.5 million followers. There was a statistical correlation between the natural salt misinformation theme and advertisements. Many of the most frequent misinformation themes identified in this study have not been systematically debunked by organizations such as the World Health Organization and the American Heart Association. This study underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and analysis of sodium-related misinformation on social media platforms and their underlying commercial interests. Such monitoring has the potential to identify prevalent misinformation themes that may pose harm to the public and to inform public health organizations, enabling them to proactively address potential issues through debunking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Terada
- Department of Health Communication, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Okuhara
- Department of Health Communication, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yuriko Nishiie
- Department of Health Communication, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kiuchi
- Department of Health Communication, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kentaro Murakami
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Dubois B, Mills AN, Jessel RH, Lieb W, Glazer KB. Disparities in perinatal COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Semin Perinatol 2024; 48:151923. [PMID: 38960750 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2024.151923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed and exacerbated persistent health inequities in perinatal populations, resulting in disparities of maternal and fetal complications. In this narrative review, we present an adapted conceptual framework of perinatal social determinants of health in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic and use this framework to contextualize the literature regarding disparities in COVID-19 vaccination and infection. We synthesize how elements of the structural context, individual socioeconomic position, and concrete intermediary determinants influence each other and perinatal COVID-19 vaccination and infection, arguing that systemic inequities at each level contribute to observed disparities in perinatal health outcomes. From there, we identify gaps in the literature, propose mechanisms for observed disparities, and conclude with a discussion of strategies to mitigate them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Dubois
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra N Mills
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca H Jessel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Whitney Lieb
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kimberly B Glazer
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Tabakin AL, Choi S, Sandozi A, Aibel K, Weintraub MA, Winkler HA, Shalom DF, Tam J, Lee W. Third-Line Overactive Bladder Therapies on TikTok: What Does the Public Learn? UROGYNECOLOGY (PHILADELPHIA, PA.) 2024; 30:557-563. [PMID: 38118059 DOI: 10.1097/spv.0000000000001431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Millions of people rely on social media platforms, including TikTok, for health-related information. TikTok has not yet been evaluated as an information source for overactive bladder (OAB) third-line therapies. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to assess TikTok videos on third-line therapies for OAB for misinformation and quality. STUDY DESIGN In this cross-sectional analysis, we abstracted the top 50 TikTok videos for keywords: "Axonics," "sacral neuromodulation," "Interstim," "PTNS," "posterior tibial nerve stimulation," and "bladder Botox." Videos were scored for quality by 3 independent reviewers using the Medical Quality Video Evaluation Tool (MQ-VET). Two reviewers determined if videos contained misinformation. RESULTS Of 300 videos screened, 119 videos were included. Twenty-four (21%) were created by medical professionals (MPs). Medical professional videos were more frequently shared (5 vs 1, P < 0.01) but had similar views, likes, comments, and length. Although MP videos had significantly higher MQ-VET scores (43 vs 27, P < 0.01), there was no difference in the rate of misinformation between MP and non-MP videos (21% vs 18%). Twenty-two videos (18.4%) contained misinformation, which were 3 times longer (50.5 vs 15 seconds, P < 0.01) and had higher MQ-VET scores (34.5 vs 27, P = 0.03) than those without misinformation. Common themes of misinformation pertained to therapy indication, mechanism of action, and patient limitations after undergoing therapy. CONCLUSIONS Many TikTok videos on OAB third-line therapies contain misinformation. Most of these videos were not of high quality and created by the public. Medical professionals should be aware of misinformation permeating TikTok, given its large audience, and aim to promote or offer educational material of better accuracy and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Tabakin
- From the Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset
| | - Sharon Choi
- The Smith Institute for Urology at Northwell Health, New Hyde Park
| | - Arshia Sandozi
- Department of Urology, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn
| | - Kelli Aibel
- From the Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset
| | | | - Harvey A Winkler
- From the Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset
| | - Dara F Shalom
- From the Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset
| | - Justina Tam
- Department of Urology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Wai Lee
- The Smith Institute for Urology at Northwell Health, New Hyde Park
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Lu Q, Schulz PJ, Chang A. Medication safety perceptions in China: Media exposure, healthcare experiences, and trusted information sources. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2024; 123:108209. [PMID: 38367304 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2024.108209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amid ongoing medication safety concerns in China and limited research on public perceptions, this study investigates the correlations between media exposure, healthcare experiences, and individuals' perceptions of medication safety. It also examines individuals' reliance on information sources during safety crises. METHODS A multistage stratified random sampling was employed with the gross sample containing 3090 Chinese adults aged 18-60 years. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. RESULTS Social media exposure was found to negatively correlate with perceptions of current medication safety and its perceived improvement, while exposure to television and print media showed positive correlations. Positive healthcare experiences were associated with improved medication safety perceptions. Among various information sources, healthcare professionals were deemed most trustworthy during medication safety incidents. CONCLUSIONS Media exposure and personal healthcare experiences significantly shape individuals' perceptions of medication safety in China, with healthcare professionals playing a crucial role in this context. Practiceimplications: Effective health crisis communication in China needs to be multifaceted, integrating traditional media and social media platforms to disseminate accurate information broadly. Additionally, healthcare professionals should be actively involved in crisis communication. Their role as trusted sources can be leveraged to clarify misconceptions, and reassure the public during medication safety incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfeng Lu
- Faculty of Communication, Culture and Society, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Schulz
- Faculty of Communication, Culture and Society, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland; Department of Communication & Media, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Angela Chang
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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Tomassi A, Falegnami A, Romano E. Mapping automatic social media information disorder. The role of bots and AI in spreading misleading information in society. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303183. [PMID: 38820281 PMCID: PMC11142451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper presents an analysis on information disorder in social media platforms. The study employed methods such as Natural Language Processing, Topic Modeling, and Knowledge Graph building to gain new insights into the phenomenon of fake news and its impact on critical thinking and knowledge management. The analysis focused on four research questions: 1) the distribution of misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation across different platforms; 2) recurring themes in fake news and their visibility; 3) the role of artificial intelligence as an authoritative and/or spreader agent; and 4) strategies for combating information disorder. The role of AI was highlighted, both as a tool for fact-checking and building truthiness identification bots, and as a potential amplifier of false narratives. Strategies proposed for combating information disorder include improving digital literacy skills and promoting critical thinking among social media users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tomassi
- Engineering Faculty, Uninettuno International Telematic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Falegnami
- Engineering Faculty, Uninettuno International Telematic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elpidio Romano
- Engineering Faculty, Uninettuno International Telematic University, Rome, Italy
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Minamitani M, Katano A, Mukai T, Ohira S, Nakagawa K. Comparative analysis of treatment decision-making in patients with localized prostate and cervical cancer: what influences receiving surgery or radiotherapy? Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:391. [PMID: 38806815 PMCID: PMC11133204 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08589-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study focused on identifying the factors influencing the decision-making process in patients with localized prostate and cervical cancer in Japan and specifically examining the choice between surgery and radiotherapy. METHODS Patients with specific cancer stages registered with a healthcare research company for whom radical surgery or radiotherapy was equally effective and recommended participated in this cross-sectional online survey. RESULTS The responses of 206 and 231 patients with prostate and cervical cancer, respectively, revealed that both groups relied heavily on the physicians' recommendations (prostate: odds ratio (OR) = 40.3, p < 0.001; cervical: OR = 5.59, p < 0.001) and their impression of radiotherapy (prostate: OR = 9.22, p < 0.001; cervical: OR = 2.31, p < 0.001). Factors such as hypertension (OR = 6.48, p < 0.05), diabetes mellitus (OR = 9.68, p < 0.05), employment status (OR = 0.08, p < 0.01), and impressions of surgery (OR = 0.14, p < 0.01) also played a significant role in patients with prostate cancer. In contrast, the specialty of the physician (OR = 4.55, p < 0.05) proposing the treatment influenced the decision-making process of patients with cervical cancer. Information sources varied between the two groups: patients with prostate cancer were more inclined towards printed materials, whereas patients with cervical cancer were more inclined towards interpersonal relationships. CONCLUSION Although several limitations, such as the sample and recall bias, were noted, this study emphasizes the role of psychosocial factors in the decision-making process and the requirement for tailored information sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanari Minamitani
- Department of Comprehensive Radiation Oncology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Atsuto Katano
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomoya Mukai
- Department of Psychology, Fukuyama University, 985-1Higashimura-Machi, SanzoFukuyama-City, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Shingo Ohira
- Department of Comprehensive Radiation Oncology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Keiichi Nakagawa
- Department of Comprehensive Radiation Oncology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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Cai Y, Zeng H, Yang P, Xu X, Lai Y, Zhou Y. The status quo of short video as sources of health information on gastroesophageal reflux disease in China: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1400749. [PMID: 38864023 PMCID: PMC11165113 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1400749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Positive lifestyle adjustments have become effective methods in treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Utilizing short video platforms to encourage GERD patients for effective self-disease management is a convenient and cost-effective approach. However, the quality of GERD-related videos on short video platforms is yet to be determined, and these videos may contain misinformation that patients cannot recognize. This study aims to assess the information quality of GERD-related short videos on TikTok and Bilibili in China. Methods Search and filter the top 100 GERD-related videos on TikTok and Bilibili based on comprehensive rankings. Two independent gastroenterologists conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the video quality using the Global Quality Score and the modified DISCERN tool. Simultaneously, the content of the videos was analyzed across six aspects: definition, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes. Results A total of 164 GERD-related videos were collected in this study, and videos from non-gastrointestinal health professionals constitute the majority (56.71%), with only 28.66% originating from gastroenterology health professionals. The overall quality and reliability of the videos were relatively low, with DISCERN and GQS scores of 2 (IQR: 2-3) and 3 (IQR: 2-3), respectively. Relatively speaking, videos from gastrointestinal health professionals exhibit the highest reliability and quality, with DISCERN scores of 3 (IQR: 3-4) and GQS scores of 3 (IQR: 3-4), respectively. Conclusion Overall, the information content and quality of GERD-related videos still need improvement. In the future, health professionals are required to provide high-quality videos to facilitate effective self-disease management for GERD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gaoxin Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gaoxin Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Pingping Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gaoxin Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiwen Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gaoxin Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yongkang Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gaoxin Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Li X, Chen K, Jia Y, Yin F, Wen X, Wang C, Li Z, Zhang H. Assessment of medical information on irritable bowel syndrome information in Wikipedia and Baidu Encyclopedia: comparative study. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17264. [PMID: 38803580 PMCID: PMC11129691 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) with heterogeneous clinical presentations. There are no clear testing parameters for its diagnosis, and the complex pathophysiology of IBS and the limited time that doctors have to spend with patients makes it difficult to adequately educate patients in the outpatient setting. An increased awareness of IBS means that patients are more likely to self-diagnose and self-manage IBS based on their own symptoms. These factors may make patients more likely to turn to Internet resources. Wikipedia is the most popular online encyclopedia among English-speaking users, with numerous validations. However, in Mandarin-speaking regions, the Baidu Encyclopedia is most commonly used. There have been no studies on the reliability, readability, and objectivity of IBS information on the two sites. This is an urgent issue as these platforms are accessed by approximately 1.45 billion people. Objective We compared the IBS content on Wikipedia (in English) and Baidu Baike (in Chinese), two online encyclopedias, in terms of reliability, readability, and objectivity. Methods The Baidu Encyclopedia (in Chinese) and Wikipedia (in English) were evaluated based on the Rome IV IBS definitions and diagnoses. All possible synonyms and derivatives for IBS and IBS-related FGIDs were screened and identified. Two gastroenterology experts evaluated the scores of articles for both sites using the DISCERN instrument, the Journal of the American Medical Association scoring system (JAMA), and the Global Quality Score (GQS). Results Wikipedia scored higher overall with DISCERN (p < .0001), JAMA (p < .0001) and GQS (p < .05) than the Baidu Encyclopedia. Specifically, Wikipedia scored higher in DISCERN Section 1 (p < .0001), DISCERN Section 2 (p < .01), DISCERN Section 3 (p < .001), and the General DISCERN score (p < .0001) than the Baidu Encyclopedia. Both sites had low DISCERN Section 2 scores (p = .18). Wikipedia also had a larger percentage of high quality scores in total DISCERN, DISCERN Section 1, and DISCERN Section 3 (p < .0001, P < .0001, P < .0004, respectively, based on the above 3 (60%) rule). Conclusions Wikipedia provides more reliable, higher quality, and more objective IBS-related health information than the Baidu Encyclopedia. However, there should be improvements in the information quality for both sites. Medical professionals and institutions should collaborate with these online platforms to offer better health information for IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- General Practice ward/ International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongbin Jia
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Yin
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Wen
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- General Practice ward/ International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Haddad FF, Saade JS. LASIK Videos on TikTok: A Content Analysis of the Top 100 Videos. J Ophthalmol 2024; 2024:8810500. [PMID: 38807863 PMCID: PMC11132828 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8810500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social media has increasingly become a prominent source of health information. Platforms like TikTok that allow for videos to reach millions of viewers have become among the most common platforms to share and receive health information. Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) videos and patients' experiences are commonly discussed on social media. The quality of these videos remains to be assessed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the content, quality, and reach of the top 100 videos related to LASIK eye surgery on TikTok. Methods Video quality was assessed using the DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS instruments which have all been proven to be both reliable and valid. Results 100 videos were included in the study. Results showed that the videos have an immense reach with a total view count of 245 million views and 21.9 million likes. Two thirds of the videos were posted by personal accounts as compared ophthalmologists that only constituted 26% of the content. Healthcare professionals produced higher quality videos compared to nonhealthcare professionals (p < 0.0001) although there was no significant difference in video duration (p=0.18). Increased duration, view count, comments, shares, saves, and views/day were all associated with increased DISCERN score and quality of the videos. Educational videos were of higher quality compared to entertainment videos, and videos outlining the procedure details had the highest quality score. Conclusions LASIK videos on TikTok have established a wide reach, whereby viewers are highly interacting and viewing these videos. It appeared that viewers interacted more with the higher quality videos. Ophthalmologists approximately only contributed to a quarter of the videos analyzed in this study. This highlights the need for ophthalmologists to establish a presence on TikTok and produce high quality videos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas F. Haddad
- American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joanna S. Saade
- Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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Allem JP. The Need for Research on the Wellness Industry's Impact on Health Decisions. Am J Prev Med 2024:S0749-3797(24)00166-1. [PMID: 38777206 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jon-Patrick Allem
- Department of Health Behavior, Society and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
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Lin PY, Liu TL, Chen LM, Liu MJ, Chang YP, Tsai CS, Yen CF. Determinants of Parental Intention to Vaccinate Young Adolescent Girls against the Human Papillomavirus in Taiwan: An Online Survey Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:529. [PMID: 38793780 PMCID: PMC11125701 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since 2018, Taiwan has included the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination into its national immunization program for junior high school girls. However, the reports of side effects following vaccination have increased parental concerns. This study investigated parental intentions regarding the HPV vaccination for their daughters and related factors in Taiwan. A total of 213 parents of girls aged between 12 and 15 years participated in an online survey. The survey collected data on various factors, including the parental intention to vaccinate their daughters against HPV; the motivation behind the vaccinations, as measured using the Motors of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Acceptance Scale; an understanding of the reasons behind the government's promotion of HPV vaccinations; concerns regarding the side effects of vaccinations for their daughters; an awareness of the reported side effects of HPV vaccines experienced by some individuals; the exposure to information on HPV vaccines from social media; and mental health status, measured using the Brief Symptom Rating Scale. The associations between these variables and the parental intention to vaccinate their daughters against HPV were examined using a multivariable linear regression analysis model. The findings revealed a moderate to high level of intention among participants to vaccinate their daughters against HPV. Parents who perceived a greater value in HPV vaccination for their daughters' health (B = 0.524, standard error [se] = 0.039, p < 0.001) and had greater autonomy in decision-making regarding vaccination (B = 0.086, se = 0.038, p = 0.026) exhibited a higher intention to vaccinate their daughters against HPV. Conversely, parents who expressed greater concern regarding the side effects of HPV vaccines for their daughters had a lower intention to vaccinate (B = -0.762, se = 0.203, p < 0.001). Based on these findings, this study recommends integrating these factors into the design of intervention programs aimed at enhancing parental intentions to vaccinate their daughters against HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yun Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ling Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ming Chen
- Institute of Education, College of Social Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80404, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Jung Liu
- Department of Special Education, College of Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 80201, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Chang
- School of Nursing, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, New York, NY 14214, USA
| | - Ching-Shu Tsai
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fang Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
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Zhang L, Qiu SS, Ao SH, Zhao X. Association between health-related social media use and E-cigarette use among current cigarette users: the roles of anti-tobacco messages and harm perception. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1278. [PMID: 38730280 PMCID: PMC11084065 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18756-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The popularity of e-cigarettes is on the rise among current cigarette users. Therefore, there are concerns about their health implications. This study examined the impact of health-related social media use on e-cigarette use among current cigarette users. It assesses the mediating influence of online anti-tobacco messages and the moderating role of the harm perception of e-cigarettes. METHODS This study was focused on 563 current cigarette users from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). Three tasks were performed: (1) assessing the direct and indirect impacts of health-related social media use on e-cigarette use among current cigarette users, (2) exploring the mediating role of exposure to online anti-tobacco messages, and (3) examining the moderating influence of e-cigarette harm perception on the path from anti-tobacco messages to e-cigarette use. RESULTS Health-related social media use was positively associated with current cigarette users' e-cigarette use directly (bp = 0.183, p < .01) and indirectly through exposure to online anti-tobacco messages (bp = 0.023, 95% CI: [0.001, 0.051]). Harm perception of e-cigarettes moderated the relationship between online exposure to anti-tobacco messages and e-cigarette use (bp=-0.467, p < .01). The relationship appeared weaker for individuals who perceived greater harm from e-cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS Health-related social media use positively correlates with e-cigarette use among current cigarette users through exposure to online anti-tobacco messages. The perceived harm of e-cigarettes moderates this indirect path. These findings have implications for public health interventions aimed at smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxi Zhang
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Sha Sarah Qiu
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Song Harris Ao
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation / Center for Research in Greater Bay Area, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xinshu Zhao
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation / Center for Research in Greater Bay Area, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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Stimpson JP, Park S, Pruitt SL, Ortega AN. Variation in Trust in Cancer Information Sources by Perceptions of Social Media Health Mis- and Disinformation and by Race and Ethnicity Among Adults in the United States: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Cancer 2024; 10:e54162. [PMID: 38717800 PMCID: PMC11112477 DOI: 10.2196/54162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mis- and disinformation on social media have become widespread, which can lead to a lack of trust in health information sources and, in turn, lead to negative health outcomes. Moreover, the effect of mis- and disinformation on trust in information sources may vary by racial and ethnic minoritized populations. OBJECTIVE We evaluated how trust in multiple sources of cancer information varied by perceptions of health mis- and disinformation on social media and by race and ethnicity. METHODS Cross-sectional, nationally representative survey data from noninstitutionalized adults in the United States from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey 6 (HINTS 6) were analyzed (N=4137). The dependent variable measured the level of trust in cancer information sources. The independent variables were perceptions about health mis- and disinformation on social media and race and ethnicity. Multivariable logistic regression models were adjusted for survey weight and design, age, birth gender, race and ethnicity, marital status, urban/rural designation, education, employment status, feelings about household income, frequency of social media visits, and personal and family history of cancer. We also tested the interaction effect between perceptions of social media health mis- and disinformation and participants' self-reported race and ethnicity. RESULTS Perception of "a lot of" health mis- and disinformation on social media, relative to perception of "less than a lot," was associated with a lower likelihood of high levels of trusting cancer information from government health agencies (odds ratio [OR] 0.60, 95% CI 0.47-0.77), family or friends (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.44-0.71), charitable organizations (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.63-0.96), and religious organizations and leaders (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.52-0.79). Among White participants, those who perceived a lot of health mis- and disinformation on social media were less likely to have high trust in cancer information from government health agencies (margin=61%, 95% CI 57%-66%) and family or friends (margin=49%, 95% CI 43%-55%) compared to those who perceived less than a lot of health mis- and disinformation on social media. Among Black participants, those who perceived a lot of health mis- and disinformation on social media were less likely to have high trust in cancer information from religious organizations and leaders (margin=20%, 95% CI 10%-30%) compared to participants who perceived no or a little health mis- and disinformation on social media. CONCLUSIONS Certain sources of cancer information may need enhanced support against the threat of mis- and disinformation, such as government health agencies, charitable organizations, religious organizations and leaders, and family or friends. Moreover, interventions should partner with racial and ethnically minoritized populations that are more likely to have low trust in certain cancer information sources associated with mis- and disinformation on social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim P Stimpson
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Sungchul Park
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sandi L Pruitt
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Alexander N Ortega
- Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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Zhang B, Naderi N, Mishra R, Teodoro D. Online Health Search Via Multidimensional Information Quality Assessment Based on Deep Language Models: Algorithm Development and Validation. JMIR AI 2024; 3:e42630. [PMID: 38875551 PMCID: PMC11099810 DOI: 10.2196/42630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Widespread misinformation in web resources can lead to serious implications for individuals seeking health advice. Despite that, information retrieval models are often focused only on the query-document relevance dimension to rank results. OBJECTIVE We investigate a multidimensional information quality retrieval model based on deep learning to enhance the effectiveness of online health care information search results. METHODS In this study, we simulated online health information search scenarios with a topic set of 32 different health-related inquiries and a corpus containing 1 billion web documents from the April 2019 snapshot of Common Crawl. Using state-of-the-art pretrained language models, we assessed the quality of the retrieved documents according to their usefulness, supportiveness, and credibility dimensions for a given search query on 6030 human-annotated, query-document pairs. We evaluated this approach using transfer learning and more specific domain adaptation techniques. RESULTS In the transfer learning setting, the usefulness model provided the largest distinction between help- and harm-compatible documents, with a difference of +5.6%, leading to a majority of helpful documents in the top 10 retrieved. The supportiveness model achieved the best harm compatibility (+2.4%), while the combination of usefulness, supportiveness, and credibility models achieved the largest distinction between help- and harm-compatibility on helpful topics (+16.9%). In the domain adaptation setting, the linear combination of different models showed robust performance, with help-harm compatibility above +4.4% for all dimensions and going as high as +6.8%. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that integrating automatic ranking models created for specific information quality dimensions can increase the effectiveness of health-related information retrieval. Thus, our approach could be used to enhance searches made by individuals seeking online health information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nona Naderi
- Department of Computer Science, Université Paris-Saclay, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Numérique, Orsay, France
| | - Rahul Mishra
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Douglas Teodoro
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Wynn M. Online spaces and the control of communicable diseases: implications for nursing practice. Nurs Stand 2024; 39:39-44. [PMID: 38369909 DOI: 10.7748/ns.2024.e12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The digital revolution has significantly altered healthcare, including communicable disease control, with online spaces emerging as vital tools in preventing, identifying and controlling the spread of diseases. However, healthcare professionals, including nurses, need to find a balance between harnessing the benefits of mass communication and mitigating the potentially harmful effects of online misinformation. This article explores the benefits and challenges of using online spaces such as social media platforms in the control of communicable diseases and discusses the potential use of telehealth in reducing the risk of healthcare-associated infection and antimicrobial resistance. The author also describes a framework that nurses can use to explore potential roles and practice in the context of communicable disease control in online spaces.
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Drummond N, Miller A, Kramer M, Zielinski R. Social Media and Nutritional Guidelines in Pregnancy. J Midwifery Womens Health 2024; 69:353-360. [PMID: 38766882 DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.13645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nutrition impacts health outcomes of pregnant people and their fetuses. Discussing nutrition with patients may be challenging for health care providers. In this vacuum, patients use social media for health information during pregnancy. Little is known about the type and quality of nutrition information that is available on social media. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore the pregnancy nutrition messages contained in social media videos for content and evaluate the information's concordance with evidence-based guidelines. METHODS A review of current social media video content for nutrition in pregnancy was conducted across 4 platforms: YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, and TikTok. Content analysis was used to descriptively and categorically analyze the social media video content. RESULTS In the 62 social media videos reviewed, most were not consistent with established guidelines, were inaccurate, or presented a homogenous and unrealistic image of the pregnant person. Four categories of nutrition in pregnancy social media information emerged: what to eat, what not to eat, what I ate: aspirational, and what I ate: rebellion. Few videos were produced by health care organizations. Some were produced by anonymous organizations, with the majority made by pregnant or postpartum people. Many were testimonial or confessional in style. Despite regulations requiring identification of paid posts and advertisements, it was difficult to discern if videos were authentic sharing of patient experiences or advertisements. DISCUSSION There is incorrect and incomplete information on social media surrounding nutrition in pregnancy. Professional guidelines for nutrition in pregnancy are available but are not as accessible to patients as social media videos. Social media use is associated with disordered eating and increased risk of anxiety and depression. However, targeted interventions by health care providers that use social media platforms have been successful in the distribution of credible health information. Midwives and other health care providers should share evidence-based nutrition recommendation with patients to facilitate meaningful conversations around nutrition in pregnancy during in person and online interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Drummond
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Alexa Miller
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Melia Kramer
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ruth Zielinski
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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