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Zhang Y, Fu J, Lai J, Deng S, Guo Z, Zhong C, Tang J, Cao W, Wu Y. Reporting of Ethical Considerations in Qualitative Research Utilizing Social Media Data on Public Health Care: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e51496. [PMID: 38758590 PMCID: PMC11143395 DOI: 10.2196/51496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The internet community has become a significant source for researchers to conduct qualitative studies analyzing users' views, attitudes, and experiences about public health. However, few studies have assessed the ethical issues in qualitative research using social media data. OBJECTIVE This study aims to review the reportage of ethical considerations in qualitative research utilizing social media data on public health care. METHODS We performed a scoping review of studies mining text from internet communities and published in peer-reviewed journals from 2010 to May 31, 2023. These studies, limited to the English language, were retrieved to evaluate the rates of reporting ethical approval, informed consent, and privacy issues. We searched 5 databases, that is, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Embase. Gray literature was supplemented from Google Scholar and OpenGrey websites. Studies using qualitative methods mining text from the internet community focusing on health care topics were deemed eligible. Data extraction was performed using a standardized data extraction spreadsheet. Findings were reported using PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. RESULTS After 4674 titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened, 108 studies on mining text from the internet community were included. Nearly half of the studies were published in the United States, with more studies from 2019 to 2022. Only 59.3% (64/108) of the studies sought ethical approval, 45.3% (49/108) mentioned informed consent, and only 12.9% (14/108) of the studies explicitly obtained informed consent. Approximately 86% (12/14) of the studies that reported informed consent obtained digital informed consent from participants/administrators, while 14% (2/14) did not describe the method used to obtain informed consent. Notably, 70.3% (76/108) of the studies contained users' written content or posts: 68% (52/76) contained verbatim quotes, while 32% (24/76) paraphrased the quotes to prevent traceability. However, 16% (4/24) of the studies that paraphrased the quotes did not report the paraphrasing methods. Moreover, 18.5% (20/108) of the studies used aggregated data analysis to protect users' privacy. Furthermore, the rates of reporting ethical approval were different between different countries (P=.02) and between papers that contained users' written content (both direct and paraphrased quotes) and papers that did not contain users' written content (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Our scoping review demonstrates that the reporting of ethical considerations is widely neglected in qualitative research studies using social media data; such studies should be more cautious in citing user quotes to maintain user privacy. Further, our review reveals the need for detailed information on the precautions of obtaining informed consent and paraphrasing to reduce the potential bias. A national consensus of ethical considerations such as ethical approval, informed consent, and privacy issues is needed for qualitative research of health care using social media data of internet communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lai
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shisi Deng
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Guo
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuhan Zhong
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyao Tang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqiong Cao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanni Wu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Fu J, Li C, Zhou C, Li W, Lai J, Deng S, Zhang Y, Guo Z, Wu Y. Methods for Analyzing the Contents of Social Media for Health Care: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e43349. [PMID: 37358900 DOI: 10.2196/43349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the rapid development of social media, effective extraction and analysis of the contents of social media for health care have attracted widespread attention from health care providers. As far as we know, most of the reviews focus on the application of social media, and there is a lack of reviews that integrate the methods for analyzing social media information for health care. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aims to answer the following 4 questions: (1) What types of research have been used to investigate social media for health care, (2) what methods have been used to analyze the existing health information on social media, (3) what indicators should be applied to collect and evaluate the characteristics of methods for analyzing the contents of social media for health care, and (4) what are the current problems and development directions of methods used to analyze the contents of social media for health care? METHODS A scoping review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was conducted. We searched PubMed, the Web of Science, EMBASE, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and the Cochrane Library for the period from 2010 to May 2023 for primary studies focusing on social media and health care. Two independent reviewers screened eligible studies against inclusion criteria. A narrative synthesis of the included studies was conducted. RESULTS Of 16,161 identified citations, 134 (0.8%) studies were included in this review. These included 67 (50.0%) qualitative designs, 43 (32.1%) quantitative designs, and 24 (17.9%) mixed methods designs. The applied research methods were classified based on the following aspects: (1) manual analysis methods (content analysis methodology, grounded theory, ethnography, classification analysis, thematic analysis, and scoring tables) and computer-aided analysis methods (latent Dirichlet allocation, support vector machine, probabilistic clustering, image analysis, topic modeling, sentiment analysis, and other natural language processing technologies), (2) categories of research contents, and (3) health care areas (health practice, health services, and health education). CONCLUSIONS Based on an extensive literature review, we investigated the methods for analyzing the contents of social media for health care to determine the main applications, differences, trends, and existing problems. We also discussed the implications for the future. Traditional content analysis is still the mainstream method for analyzing social media content, and future research may be combined with big data research. With the progress of computers, mobile phones, smartwatches, and other smart devices, social media information sources will become more diversified. Future research can combine new sources, such as pictures, videos, and physiological signals, with online social networking to adapt to the development trend of the internet. More medical information talents need to be trained in the future to better solve the problem of network information analysis. Overall, this scoping review can be useful for a large audience that includes researchers entering the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Fu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaixiu Li
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunlan Zhou
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenji Li
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lai
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shisi Deng
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Guo
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanni Wu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Singh T, Roberts K, Cohen T, Cobb N, Franklin A, Myneni S. Discerning conversational context in online health communities for personalized digital behavior change solutions using Pragmatics to Reveal Intent in Social Media (PRISM) framework. J Biomed Inform 2023; 140:104324. [PMID: 36842490 PMCID: PMC10206862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Online health communities (OHCs) have emerged as prominent platforms for behavior modification, and the digitization of online peer interactions has afforded researchers with unique opportunities to model multilevel mechanisms that drive behavior change. Existing studies, however, have been limited by a lack of methods that allow the capture of conversational context and socio-behavioral dynamics at scale, as manifested in these digital platforms. OBJECTIVE We develop, evaluate, and apply a novel methodological framework, Pragmatics to Reveal Intent in Social Media (PRISM), to facilitate granular characterization of peer interactions by combining multidimensional facets of human communication. METHODS We developed and applied PRISM to analyze peer interactions (N = 2.23 million) in QuitNet, an OHC for tobacco cessation. First, we generated a labeled set of peer interactions (n = 2,005) through manual annotation along three dimensions: communication themes (CTs), behavior change techniques (BCTs), and speech acts (SAs). Second, we used deep learning models to apply our qualitative codes at scale. Third, we applied our validated model to perform a retrospective analysis. Finally, using social network analysis (SNA), we portrayed large-scale patterns and relationships among the aforementioned communication dimensions embedded in peer interactions in QuitNet. RESULTS Qualitative analysis showed that the themes of social support and behavioral progress were common. The most used BCTs were feedback and monitoring and comparison of behavior, and users most commonly expressed their intentions using SAs-expressive and emotion. With additional in-domain pre-training, bidirectional encoder representations from Transformers (BERT) outperformed other deep learning models on the classification tasks. Content-specific SNA revealed that users' engagement or abstinence status is associated with the prevalence of various categories of BCTs and SAs, which also was evident from the visualization of network structures. CONCLUSIONS Our study describes the interplay of multilevel characteristics of online communication and their association with individual health behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tavleen Singh
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Kirk Roberts
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Trevor Cohen
- Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nathan Cobb
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Amy Franklin
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sahiti Myneni
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Lathan HS, Kwan A, Takats C, Tanner JP, Wormer R, Romero D, Jones HE. Ethical considerations and methodological uses of Facebook data in public health research: A systematic review. Soc Sci Med 2023; 322:115807. [PMID: 36889221 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since 2016, around seven in 10 adults in the United States (U.S.) actively use Facebook. While much Facebook data is publicly available for research, many users may not understand how their data are being used. We sought to examine to what extent research ethical practices were employed and the research methods being used with Facebook data in public health research. METHODS We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO registration CRD42020148170) of social media-based public health research focused on Facebook published in peer-reviewed journals in English between January 1, 2006 and October 31, 2019. We extracted data on ethical practices, methodology, and data analytic approaches. For studies that included verbatim user content, we attempted to locate users/posts within a timed 10-min period. RESULTS Sixty-one studies met eligibility criteria. Just under half (48%, n = 29) sought IRB approval and six (10%) sought and obtained informed consent from Facebook users. Users' written content appeared in 39 (64%) papers, of which 36 presented verbatim quotes. We were able to locate users/posts within 10 min for half (50%, n = 18) of the 36 studies containing verbatim content. Identifiable posts included content about sensitive health topics. We identified six categories of analytic approaches to using these data: network analysis, utility (i.e., usefulness of Facebook as a tool for surveillance, public health dissemination, or attitudes), associational studies of users' behavior and health outcomes, predictive model development, and two types of content analysis (thematic analysis and sentiment analysis). Associational studies were the most likely to seek IRB review (5/6, 83%), while those of utility (0/4, 0%) and prediction (1/4, 25%) were the least likely to do so. CONCLUSIONS Stronger guidance on research ethics for using Facebook data, especially the use of personal identifiers, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Stuart Lathan
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy Kwan
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Courtney Takats
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua P Tanner
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Wormer
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Diana Romero
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
| | - Heidi E Jones
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA; City University of New York Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health (ISPH), New York, NY, USA.
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Watti J, Millner M, Siklósi K, Hamvai C, Kelemen O, Pócs D. How to Avoid Lower Priority for Smoking Cessation Support Content on Facebook: An Analysis of Engagement Bait. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:958. [PMID: 36673713 PMCID: PMC9859185 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20020958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Facebook demotes "engagement bait" content that makes people interact. As a result of this sanctioning, public health content can reach fewer Facebook users. This study aims to determine the negative effect of engagement bait and find alternative techniques. In a three-year period, 791 smoking cessation support content was included (n = 791). The Facebook posts were classified into "engagement bait", "alternative techniques" and control groups. Facebook metrics were compared between the study and control groups. The reach of Facebook page fans was significantly lower in the engagement bait group compared to the control group. On the other hand, the alternative techniques had a significantly lower rate of negative Facebook interactions, as well as significantly higher click rates compared to the control group. This is the first study to reveal the sanctioning of engagement bait on smoking cessation support Facebook posts. "Engagement bait" content has a lower ranking on the Facebook Fans' Newsfeed page. Nevertheless, alternative techniques can circumvent the restrictions on engagement bait. At the same time, alternative techniques can stimulate the click rate and inhibit the rate of negative interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dávid Pócs
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
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Bonar EE, Chapman L, Pagoto S, Tan CY, Duval ER, McAfee J, Collins RL, Walton MA. Social media interventions addressing physical activity among emerging adults who use cannabis: A pilot trial of feasibility and acceptability. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 242:109693. [PMID: 36442441 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cannabis use is common among emerging adults (ages 18-25), yet few prevention interventions have targeted this unique developmental period. Physical activity (PA) is an under-utilized intervention target for cannabis use, despite research showing its potential utility. Based on prior promising social media-delivered interventions targeting cannabis and PA separately, we developed and piloted, in a randomized controlled feasibility trial (NCT04901910), interventions for emerging adults who use cannabis that focused on PA. PROCEDURES Using social media, we recruited 60 emerging adults (Mean age=21.7 years; 63.3% female sex) who used cannabis (>=3 times/week for the past month) and could engage in PA. We randomized participants into one of 3 conditions (PA-Only; PA+Cannabis, Attention-Control) that each lasted 8 weeks and were delivered in secret Facebook groups by health coaches. We collected follow-up data at 3- and 6-months post-group start. Outcomes are presented descriptively given the pilot nature and limited sample size. RESULTS The interventions were rated favorably, with ratings of the content in each condition averaging around 3 on a 5-point scale. Both intervention groups demonstrated larger reductions in cannabis consequences and cannabis-impaired driving over time than the control condition. Findings were mixed regarding patterns of change in cannabis use in the intervention conditions. Proportions of group members reporting increased PA ranged from 38.9% to 80.0% across time. CONCLUSIONS Interventions targeting PA and delivered via social media to emerging adults who regularly use cannabis offer a novel intervention target. These interventions warrant future investigation in larger trials over a longer follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Bonar
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Sexuality and Health Disparities, University of Michigan, 400 North Ingalls Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Lyndsay Chapman
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sherry Pagoto
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, 2006 Hillside Road, Unit 1248, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
| | - Chiu Yi Tan
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Duval
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Rachel Upjohn Building, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jenna McAfee
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Back and Pain Center, 325. E. Eisenhower Parkway, Building 1, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - R Lorraine Collins
- Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Maureen A Walton
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Storman D, Jemioło P, Swierz MJ, Sawiec Z, Antonowicz E, Prokop-Dorner A, Gotfryd-Burzyńska M, Bala MM. Meeting the Unmet Needs of Individuals With Mental Disorders: Scoping Review on Peer-to-Peer Web-Based Interactions. JMIR Ment Health 2022; 9:e36056. [PMID: 36469366 PMCID: PMC9788841 DOI: 10.2196/36056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of online support groups are providing advice and information on topics related to mental health. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the needs that internet users meet through peer-to-peer interactions. METHODS A search of 4 databases was performed until August 15, 2022. Qualitative or mixed methods (ie, qualitative and quantitative) studies investigating interactions among internet users with mental disorders were included. The φ coefficient was used and machine learning techniques were applied to investigate the associations between the type of mental disorders and web-based interactions linked to seeking help or support. RESULTS Of the 13,098 identified records, 44 studies (analyzed in 54 study-disorder pairs) that assessed 82,091 users and 293,103 posts were included. The most frequent interactions were noted for people with eating disorders (14/54, 26%), depression (12/54, 22%), and psychoactive substance use disorders (9/54, 17%). We grouped interactions between users into 42 codes, with the empathy or compassion code being the most common (41/54, 76%). The most frequently coexisting codes were request for information and network (35 times; φ=0.5; P<.001). The algorithms that provided the best accuracy in classifying disorders by interactions were decision trees (44/54, 81%) and logistic regression (40/54, 74%). The included studies were of moderate quality. CONCLUSIONS People with mental disorders mostly use the internet to seek support, find answers to their questions, and chat. The results of this analysis should be interpreted as a proof of concept. More data on web-based interactions among these people might help apply machine learning methods to develop a tool that might facilitate screening or even support mental health assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Storman
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Jemioło
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Jan Swierz
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Sawiec
- Students' Scientific Research Group of Systematic Reviews, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Antonowicz
- Students' Scientific Research Group of Systematic Reviews, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Prokop-Dorner
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Malgorzata M Bala
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Watti J, Millner M, Siklósi K, Kiss H, Kelemen O, Pócs D. Smokers' Engagement Behavior on Facebook: Verbalizing and Visual Expressing the Smoking Cessation Process. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9983. [PMID: 36011617 PMCID: PMC9408543 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The "processes of change" and "motivational language" are common in smoker Facebook users' comments under smoking cessation support contents. Smokers can combine this verbalization of the smoking cessation process with visual expression when they use comments and Facebook reactions at the same time. The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between processes of change, motivational language, and the Facebook reaction buttons. A total of 821 smokers' comments were analyzed in the current study (n = 821), which responded to image-based smoking cessation support contents. The processes of change and the motivational language used in the investigated comments were identified. These linguistic categories were compared with the usage of reaction buttons. The Facebook users who used the "Haha" reaction button wrote a significantly higher proportion of sustain talk than those who used the "Like" or "Love" reaction buttons. The Facebook users who combined the comment and "Love" reaction wrote significantly more change talk than those who did not utilize these buttons. We suggest that the "Haha" reaction may be a negative indicator, the "Like" reaction may be a neutral indicator, and the "Love" reaction may be a positive engagement indicator in terms of the smoking cessation process during Facebook-based interventions. These results may highlight how to evaluate Facebook reactions relating to smoking cessation support contents.
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Phan L, Kuo CCL, Fryer CS, Smith-Bynum MA, Clark PI, Butler J. 'We're not gonna have a big quit if loose ones are around': urban, African American smokers' beliefs concerning single cigarette use reduction. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2022; 36:422-433. [PMID: 34357385 PMCID: PMC9115374 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Single cigarette use (i.e. loosies, loose ones, singles) poses risks for smoking continuation among urban, African American smokers. There is, however, limited research to inform health education interventions addressing this behavior. We conducted 25 in-depth interviews with urban, African American users (ages 20-58 years) from Baltimore, MD and the District of Columbia in June and July 2018 to assess their beliefs about reducing single cigarette use. Interviews were guided by the Health Belief Model and its constructs of perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity and self-efficacy. We analyzed qualitative data using framework analysis. Perceived benefits of reducing single cigarette use involved the avoidance of health risks, including concerns about buying fake cigarettes and exposure to unknown personal hygiene practices from sellers. Perceived barriers were the convenience of buying singles due to their availability, accessibility and low cost. Participants shared they were willing to use cognitive behavioral strategies to reduce their purchasing and use of singles. This study provides insights on potential intervention targets related to beliefs towards reducing single cigarette use. These findings can inform enforcement policies and health education interventions targeting single cigarette use among urban, African American smokers who use singles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilianna Phan
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Charlene Chao-Li Kuo
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Craig S Fryer
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Maryland Center for Health Equity, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Mia A Smith-Bynum
- Department of Family Science, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Pamela I Clark
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - James Butler
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Struik L, Khan S, Assoiants A, Sharma RH. Assessment of Social Support and Quitting Smoking in an Online Community Forum: Study Involving Content Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e34429. [PMID: 35023834 PMCID: PMC8796047 DOI: 10.2196/34429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A key factor in successfully reducing and quitting smoking, as well as preventing smoking relapse is access to and engagement with social support. Recent technological advances have made it possible for smokers to access social support via online community forums. While community forums associated with smoking cessation interventions are now common practice, there is a gap in understanding how and when the different types of social support identified by Cutrona and Suhr (1992) (emotional, esteem, informational, tangible, and network) are exchanged on such forums. Community forums that entail “superusers” (a key marker of a successful forum), like QuitNow, are ripe for exploring and leveraging promising social support exchanges on these platforms. Objective The purpose of this study was to characterize the posts made on the QuitNow community forum at different stages in the quit journey, and determine when and how the social support constructs are present within the posts. Methods A total of 506 posts (including original and response posts) were collected. Using conventional content analysis, the original posts were coded inductively to generate categories and subcategories, and the responses were coded deductively according to the 5 types of social support. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel software. Results Overall, individuals were most heavily engaged on the forum during the first month of quitting, which then tapered off in the subsequent months. In relation to the original posts, the majority of them fit into the categories of sharing quit successes, quit struggles, updates, quit strategies, and desires to quit. Asking for advice and describing smoke-free benefits were the least represented categories. In relation to the responses, encouragement (emotional), compliment (esteem), and suggestion/advice (informational) consistently remained the most prominent types of support throughout all quit stages. Companionship (network) maintained a steady downward trajectory over time. Conclusions The findings of this study highlight the complexity of how and when different types of social support are exchanged on the QuitNow community forum. These findings provide directions for how social support can be more strategically employed and leveraged in these online contexts to support smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Struik
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Shaheer Khan
- School of Health and Exercise Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | | | - Ramona H Sharma
- School of Social Work, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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11
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Rolbiecki AJ, Teti M, Lero C, Benson JJ, Washington KT. Opportunities and Challenges for Visual Qualitative Intervention Research on Facebook. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUALITATIVE METHODS 2022; 21:10.1177/16094069221074445. [PMID: 35692957 PMCID: PMC9187296 DOI: 10.1177/16094069221074445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail J. Rolbiecki
- University of Missouri, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Michelle Teti
- University of Missouri, Department of Public Health, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Christine Lero
- University of Missouri, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Jacquelyn J. Benson
- Washington University, Department of Medicine, Division of Palliative Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Karla T. Washington
- Washington University, Department of Medicine, Division of Palliative Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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12
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Singh T, Olivares S, Cohen T, Cobb N, Wang J, Franklin A, Myneni S. Pragmatics to Reveal Intent in Social Media Peer Interactions: Mixed Methods Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e32167. [PMID: 34787578 PMCID: PMC8663565 DOI: 10.2196/32167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Online health communities (OHCs) have emerged as the leading venues for behavior change and health-related information seeking. The soul and success of these digital platforms lie in their ability to foster social togetherness and a sense of community by providing personalized support. However, we have a minimal understanding of how conversational posts in these settings lead to collaborative societies and ultimately result in positive health changes through social influence. Objective Our objective is to develop a content-specific and intent-sensitive methodological framework for analyzing peer interactions in OHCs. Methods We developed and applied a mixed-methods approach to understand the manifestation of expressions in peer interactions in OHCs. We applied our approach to describe online social dialogue in the context of two online communities, QuitNet (QN) and the American Diabetes Association (ADA) support community. A total of 3011 randomly selected peer interactions (n=2005 from QN, n=1006 from ADA) were analyzed. Specifically, we conducted thematic analysis to characterize communication content and linguistic expressions (speech acts) embedded within the two data sets. We also developed an empirical user persona based on their engagement levels and behavior profiles. Further, we examined the association between speech acts and communication themes across observed tiers of user engagement and self-reported behavior profiles using the chi-square test or the Fisher test. Results Although social support, the most prevalent communication theme in both communities, was expressed in several subtle manners, the prevalence of emotions was higher in the tobacco cessation community and assertions were higher in the diabetes self-management (DSM) community. Specific communication theme-speech act relationships were revealed, such as the social support theme was significantly associated (P<.05) with 9 speech acts from a total of 10 speech acts (ie, assertion, commissive, declarative, desire, directive, expressive, question, stance, and statement) within the QN community. Only four speech acts (ie, commissive, emotion, expressive, and stance) were significantly associated (P<.05) with the social support theme in the ADA community. The speech acts were also significantly associated with the users’ abstinence status within the QN community and with the users’ lifestyle status within the ADA community (P<.05). Conclusions Such an overlay of communication intent implicit in online peer interactions alongside content-specific theory-linked characterizations of social media discourse can inform the development of effective digital health technologies in the field of health promotion and behavior change. Our analysis revealed a rich gradient of expressions across a standardized thematic vocabulary, with a distinct variation in emotional and informational needs, depending on the behavioral and disease management profiles within and across the communities. This signifies the need and opportunities for coupling pragmatic messaging in digital therapeutics and care management pathways for personalized support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tavleen Singh
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sofia Olivares
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Trevor Cohen
- Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Nathan Cobb
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Florida State University College of Nursing, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Amy Franklin
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sahiti Myneni
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
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13
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Theory-Based Social and Non-Social Engagement Features in Smoking Cessation Mobile Apps: A Content Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179106. [PMID: 34501696 PMCID: PMC8431714 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite the ubiquity of smartphone ownership and the increasing integration of social engagement features in smoking cessation apps to engage users, the social and non-social engagement features that are present in current smoking cessation apps and the effectiveness of these features in engaging users remain understudied. To fill the gap in the literature, a content analysis of free and paid smoking cessation mobile apps was conducted to examine (a) the presence of social features (i.e., social support, social announcement, and social referencing) and non-social engagement features (e.g., personal environmental changes, goal setting, progress tracking, reinforcement tracking, self-monitoring, and personalized recommendations) and (b) their relationships with user engagement scores measured by the Mobile App Rating Scale. In this study, 28.2% of the smoking cessation apps enable social announcement and 8.1% offered the social support feature. Only two apps provided a social referencing feature (1.3%). No app included reinforcement tracking, with the percentage of other non-social engagement features ranging from 9.4% to 49.0%. Social support (β = 0.30, p < 0.001), social announcement (β = 0.21, p < 0.05), and social referencing (β = 0.18, p < 0.05) were significant predictors of user engagement. Regarding the non-social engagement features, personal environment changes (β = 0.38, p < 0.001), progress tracking (β = 0.18, p < 0.05), and personalized recommendations (β = 0.37, p < 0.001) significantly predicted user engagement. The findings not only contribute to the mobile communication literature by applying and extending the theory-based mobile health apps engagement typology, but also inform the future architecture design of smoking cessation mobile apps.
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14
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Borrelli B, Endrighi R, Quintiliani LM, Hughes RB, Pagoto S. Facebook usage, participation patterns, and social support from Facebook activity among smokers with mobility impairments. Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:882-890. [PMID: 33710308 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
People with mobility impairments (MIs; use assistive devices to ambulate) have twice the smoking prevalence versus the general population. A Facebook intervention could improve reach to smokers with MIs, but use and patterns of use are unknown. The study examined: (a) Facebook use and relationship with Facebook-based social support and (b) whether Facebook use differs by motivation to quit smoking. Participants (N = 510; 56.3% female, mean age = 42.4 years) were recruited via a recruitment company to complete a one-time online survey assessing motivation to quit within 30 days, Facebook use (Facebook Activities Scale), reasons for use (Facebook Motives Scale), attitudes (Facebook Intensity Scale), and social support (Facebook Measure of Social Support). The vast majority said that Facebook is part of their daily routine (92.9%), 83% checked Facebook >once a day, and 69% spent >30 min/day on Facebook. Facebook was used to connect with similar others (68.4%), participate in groups (72.9%), decrease loneliness (69.2%), and obtain health information (62.5%); 88% said that they would join a Facebook program to help them quit smoking. A greater number of Facebook friends (rs = .18-.22, p < .001) and greater Facebook use (rs = .20 to rs = .59; p < .001) were correlated with greater perceived social and emotional support. Those motivated to quit posted more frequently (odds ratio [OR] = 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10, 2.22) and were more likely to indicate that they would join a Facebook group for smoking cessation (OR = 4.15, 95% CI = 2.05, 8.38) than those not motivated. Facebook could circumvent disability and environmental barriers to accessing cessation among this health disparity population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Borrelli
- Center for Behavioral Science Research, Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Romano Endrighi
- Center for Behavioral Science Research, Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa M Quintiliani
- Section of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rosemary B Hughes
- Rural Institute for Inclusive Communities, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Sherry Pagoto
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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15
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Pócs D, Adamovits O, Watti J, Kovács R, Kelemen O. Facebook Users' Interactions, Organic Reach, and Engagement in a Smoking Cessation Intervention: Content Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e27853. [PMID: 34152280 PMCID: PMC8277334 DOI: 10.2196/27853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facebook can be a suitable platform for public health interventions. Facebook users can express their reaction to the given social media content in many ways using interaction buttons. The analysis of these interactions can be advantageous in increasing reach and engagement of public health interventions. OBJECTIVE This research aimed at understanding how Facebook users' interactions correlate with organic reach and engagement regarding the same smoking cessation support contents. METHODS The study population consisted of Facebook users who were reached by a public smoking cessation support page without advertising. We included 1025 nonpaid Facebook posts (N=1025) which used smoking cessation strategies based on a motivational interviewing counseling style. The following data were collected from the "Post Details": the number of people who saw the given nonpaid content (organic reach) which consisted of fan and nonfan reach according to previous "page like" activity; each rate of "engagement indicators" (such as the symbols of "like," "love," "haha," "wow," "sad," "angry"; or other interactions: "shares," "comments," "clicks"); and the rate of negative Facebook interactions (eg, "post hides" or "unlike of page"). Overall, these data were analyzed with the Spearman correlation method. RESULTS Surprisingly, we found a significant negative correlation between organic reach and the "like" reaction (rs=-0.418; P<.001). The strongest significant positive correlations of organic reach were observed with the "haha" reaction (rs=0.396; P<.001), comments (rs=0.368; P<.001), and the "love" reaction (rs=0.264; P<.001). Furthermore, nonfan reach correlated positively with "shares" (rs=0.388; P<.001) and clicks (rs=0.135; P<.001), while fan reach correlated positively with the "haha" reaction (rs=0.457; P<.001), comments (rs=0.393; P<.001), and the "love" reaction (rs=0.310; P<.001). Contrary to expectations, the "like" reaction was sharply separated by significant negative correlations from "wow" (rs=-0.077; P=.013), "sad" (rs=-0.120; P<.001), "angry" reactions (rs=-0.136; P<.001), and comments (rs=-0.130; P<.001). Additionally, a high rate of negative Facebook interactions was significantly associated with "wow" (rs=0.076; P=.016) and "sad" reactions (rs=0.091; P=.003). CONCLUSIONS This study has shown that it is possible to hypothesize a disadvantage of the "like" reaction and advantages of other interactions (eg, the "haha" reaction or "comments") in content algorithmic ranking on Facebook. In addition, the correlational analysis revealed a need of a further categorization to fan-specific interactions (eg, "haha" or "love" reactions) and nonfan-specific interactions (eg, "shares" and "clicks"). Regarding the direction of the correlations, these findings suggest that some interactions (eg, negative Facebook interactions, "wow," "sad," and "angry" reactions) may decrease the engagement, while other interactions ("like," "love," "haha" reactions, "shares," and "clicks") may increase the engagement during Facebook-based smoking cessation interventions. This hypothesis-generating research offers an important insight into the relationship between organic reach, engagement, and Facebook users' interactions for public health professionals who design Facebook-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Pócs
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Otília Adamovits
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jezdancher Watti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Kovács
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Oguz Kelemen
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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16
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Cheung YTD, Chan CHH, Ho KS, Fok WP, Conway M, Wong CKH, Li WHC, Wang MP, Lam TH. Effectiveness of WhatsApp online group discussion for smoking relapse prevention: protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Addiction 2020; 115:1777-1785. [PMID: 32107817 PMCID: PMC7496257 DOI: 10.1111/add.15027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Sustained psychosocial support via online social groups may help former tobacco users maintain abstinence. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of participating in a WhatsApp social group for long-term smoking cessation. DESIGN Two-arm, open-labelled, pragmatic, individually randomized controlled trial. SETTING All participants are service users of smoking cessation clinics, and all interventions are delivered via mobile phones. PARTICIPANTS Participants included 1008 adult quitters who self-report no tobacco use in the past 3-30 days. INTERVENTIONS The intervention group (n = 504) will join a WhatsApp social group to receive standardized and theory-based reminders of smoking relapse prevention and participate in discussion with other WhatsApp group members using their own mobile phones. All social groups will be led by counselors or specialist nurse practitioners. The control group (n = 504) will receive similar reminders via short messages to their own mobile phones but will not interact with other participants. The intervention duration for both groups is 8 weeks. Both groups will receive a booklet at baseline about how to prevent smoking relapse. MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome is biochemically validated tobacco abstinence at 12 months after consent. COMMENTS The findings will provide evidence concerning the utility of operating online social group discussion for prevention of smoking relapse and sustaining long-term abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kin Sang Ho
- Integrated Centre on Smoking CessationTung Wah Group of Hospitals, Hong Kong
| | - Wai‐Yin Patrick Fok
- Integrated Centre on Smoking CessationTung Wah Group of Hospitals, Hong Kong
| | - Mike Conway
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsUniversity of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Carlos King Ho Wong
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Carethe University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Man Ping Wang
- School of Nursingthe University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tai Hing Lam
- School of Public Healththe University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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17
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Villanti AC, West JC, Klemperer EM, Graham AL, Mays D, Mermelstein RJ, Higgins ST. Smoking-Cessation Interventions for U.S. Young Adults: Updated Systematic Review. Am J Prev Med 2020; 59:123-136. [PMID: 32418800 PMCID: PMC7453837 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recent data suggest that the onset of cigarette smoking is now more likely during young adulthood than adolescence. Additionally, the landscape of delivering smoking-cessation interventions has changed in the past decade, with the emergence of mobile phone and web-based approaches. The objective of this study is to update a 2010 systematic review of smoking-cessation interventions for U.S. young adults (aged 18-24 years). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Electronic searches were conducted in CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Sociological Abstracts to identify eligible interventions from August 31, 2009 through July 17, 2019. Two independent coders critically evaluated the methodology and findings of all retrieved articles. Data analysis was conducted in 2019. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 17 RCTs and 1 nonrandomized study were added to the original 14 studies meeting the inclusion criteria for this review; these studies varied with respect to sample size, intervention, assessed outcomes, and smoking measures. Of the new studies, 3 increased cessation in the short term, 2 at 6 months, and 1 had short-term effects on cigarette reduction. Pooled analyses supported the use of interventions employing social cognitive theory, quitline counseling, and text message programs for short-term cessation in young adults. CONCLUSIONS Of 32 included studies, 9 demonstrated efficacy of smoking cessation or reduction in U.S. young adults. There were no eligible pharmacologic interventions included in this review. Findings support the promise of 3 approaches for young adult cessation not included in the prior review: text message interventions, sustained quit-and-win contests, and multiple behavior interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Villanti
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.
| | - Julia C West
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Elias M Klemperer
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Amanda L Graham
- Innovations, Truth Initiative, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Cancer Prevention & Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Darren Mays
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Cancer Prevention & Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Robin J Mermelstein
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stephen T Higgins
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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Moore JH, Barnett I, Boland MR, Chen Y, Demiris G, Gonzalez-Hernandez G, Herman DS, Himes BE, Hubbard RA, Kim D, Morris JS, Mowery DL, Ritchie MD, Shen L, Urbanowicz R, Holmes JH. Ideas for how informaticians can get involved with COVID-19 research. BioData Min 2020; 13:3. [PMID: 32419848 PMCID: PMC7216865 DOI: 10.1186/s13040-020-00213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant impact on population health and wellbeing. Biomedical informatics is central to COVID-19 research efforts and for the delivery of healthcare for COVID-19 patients. Critical to this effort is the participation of informaticians who typically work on other basic science or clinical problems. The goal of this editorial is to highlight some examples of COVID-19 research areas that could benefit from informatics expertise. Each research idea summarizes the COVID-19 application area, followed by an informatics methodology, approach, or technology that could make a contribution. It is our hope that this piece will motivate and make it easy for some informaticians to adopt COVID-19 research projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason H. Moore
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Ian Barnett
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Mary Regina Boland
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - George Demiris
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Graciela Gonzalez-Hernandez
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Daniel S. Herman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Blanca E. Himes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Rebecca A. Hubbard
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Dokyoon Kim
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Morris
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Danielle L. Mowery
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Marylyn D. Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - Ryan Urbanowicz
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
| | - John H. Holmes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6116 USA
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19
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Kim Y, Kim JH. Using photos for public health communication: A computational analysis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Instagram photos and public responses. Health Informatics J 2020; 26:2159-2180. [PMID: 31969051 DOI: 10.1177/1460458219896673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the use of Instagram by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, one of the representative public health authorities in the United States. For this aim, all of the photos uploaded on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Instagram account were crawled and the content of them were analyzed using Microsoft Azure Cognitive Services. Also, engagement was measured by the sum of numbers of likes and comments to each photo, and sentiment analysis of comments was conducted. Results suggest that the photos that can be categorized into "text" and "people" took the largest share in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Instagram photos. And it was found that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's major way of delivering messages on Instagram was to imprint key messages that call for actions for better health on photos and to provide the source of complementary information on text component of each post. It was also found that photos with more and bigger human faces had lower level of engagement than the others, and happiness and neutral emotions expressed on the faces in photos were negatively associated with engagement. The features whose high value would make the photos look splendid and gaudy were negatively correlated with engagement, but sharpness was positively correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhwan Kim
- Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea
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20
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Shieh GJ, Wu SL, Tsai CF, Chang CS, Chang TH, Lui PW, Yao Y, Sheu WHH. A Strategic Imperative for Promoting Hospital Branding: Analysis of Outcome Indicators. Interact J Med Res 2020; 9:e14546. [PMID: 32012047 PMCID: PMC7003120 DOI: 10.2196/14546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Optimizing the use of social media to promote hospital branding is important in the present digital era. In Taiwan, only 51.1% of hospitals have official Facebook fan pages. The numbers of likes for these hospitals are also relatively low. Objective Our objective was to establish a special branding team for social media operation, led by top administrators of our hospital. Here we present our strategic imperative for promoting hospital branding as well as an analysis of its effectiveness. Methods Led by top administrators, the branding team was formed by 11 divisions to create branding strategies. From 2016 to 2018, the team implemented action plans. All information unique to the hospital was posted on Facebook, as well as on the hospital’s official website. To determine the plans’ efficiencies, we obtained reference data from Google Analytics, and we compared Facebook Insights reports for 2016 with those for 2017 and 2018. Results One of the branding team’s main missions was to establish branding strategies and to integrate segmental branding messages. In each quarter we regularly monitored a total of 52 action plan indicators, including those for process and outcome, and discussed the results at team meetings. We selected 4 main performance outcome indicators to reflect the effectiveness of the branding efforts. Compared with 2016, the numbers of likes posted on the Facebook fan page increased by 61.2% in 2017 and 116.2% in 2018. Similarly, visits to the hospital website increased by 4.8% in 2017 and 33.1% in 2018. Most Facebook fan page and website viewers were in 2 age groups: 25 to 34 years, and 35 to 44 years. Women constituted 60.42% (14,160/23,436) of Facebook fans and 59.39% (778,992/1,311,605) of website viewers. According to the Facebook Insights reports, the number of likes and post sharing both increased in 2017 and 2018, relative to 2016. Comment messages also increased from 2016 to 2018 (P=.02 for the trend). The most common theme of posts varied over time, from media reports in 2016, to innovative services in both 2017 and 2018. Likes for innovative services posts increased from 2016 through 2018 (P=.045 for the trend). By the end of 2018, we recorded 23,436 cumulative likes for posts, the highest number among medical centers in Taiwan. Conclusions We achieved the largest number of Facebook fans among all medical centers in Taiwan. We would like to share our experience with other hospitals that might be interested in engaging in social media for future communications and interactions with their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gow-Jen Shieh
- Department of Top Hospital Administration, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Liang Wu
- Department of Top Hospital Administration, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Fu Tsai
- Department of Top Hospital Administration, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Sen Chang
- Department of Top Hospital Administration, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hung Chang
- Department of Top Hospital Administration, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Wing Lui
- Department of Top Hospital Administration, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuh Yao
- Department of Top Hospital Administration, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- Department of Top Hospital Administration, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Technology, College of Life Science, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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21
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Wen Yin W, Moghavvemi S. Social media communication and healthy eating behaviour: Facebook for Healthy Eating (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2019. [DOI: 10.2196/17562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Sarker A, Belousov M, Friedrichs J, Hakala K, Kiritchenko S, Mehryary F, Han S, Tran T, Rios A, Kavuluru R, de Bruijn B, Ginter F, Mahata D, Mohammad SM, Nenadic G, Gonzalez-Hernandez G. Data and systems for medication-related text classification and concept normalization from Twitter: insights from the Social Media Mining for Health (SMM4H)-2017 shared task. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2019; 25:1274-1283. [PMID: 30272184 PMCID: PMC6188524 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocy114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We executed the Social Media Mining for Health (SMM4H) 2017 shared tasks to enable the community-driven development and large-scale evaluation of automatic text processing methods for the classification and normalization of health-related text from social media. An additional objective was to publicly release manually annotated data. Materials and Methods We organized 3 independent subtasks: automatic classification of self-reports of 1) adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and 2) medication consumption, from medication-mentioning tweets, and 3) normalization of ADR expressions. Training data consisted of 15 717 annotated tweets for (1), 10 260 for (2), and 6650 ADR phrases and identifiers for (3); and exhibited typical properties of social-media-based health-related texts. Systems were evaluated using 9961, 7513, and 2500 instances for the 3 subtasks, respectively. We evaluated performances of classes of methods and ensembles of system combinations following the shared tasks. Results Among 55 system runs, the best system scores for the 3 subtasks were 0.435 (ADR class F1-score) for subtask-1, 0.693 (micro-averaged F1-score over two classes) for subtask-2, and 88.5% (accuracy) for subtask-3. Ensembles of system combinations obtained best scores of 0.476, 0.702, and 88.7%, outperforming individual systems. Discussion Among individual systems, support vector machines and convolutional neural networks showed high performance. Performance gains achieved by ensembles of system combinations suggest that such strategies may be suitable for operational systems relying on difficult text classification tasks (eg, subtask-1). Conclusions Data imbalance and lack of context remain challenges for natural language processing of social media text. Annotated data from the shared task have been made available as reference standards for future studies (http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/rxwfb3tysd.1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeed Sarker
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maksim Belousov
- School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Kai Hakala
- Turku NLP Group, Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,The University of Turku Graduate School, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Svetlana Kiritchenko
- Digital Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Farrokh Mehryary
- Turku NLP Group, Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,The University of Turku Graduate School, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sifei Han
- Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Tung Tran
- Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Anthony Rios
- Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ramakanth Kavuluru
- Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Berry de Bruijn
- Digital Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Filip Ginter
- Turku NLP Group, Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Saif M Mohammad
- Digital Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Goran Nenadic
- School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Graciela Gonzalez-Hernandez
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Sinicrope PS, Koller KR, Prochaska JJ, Hughes CA, Bock MJ, Decker PA, Flanagan CA, Merritt ZT, Meade CD, Willetto AL, Resnicow K, Thomas TK, Patten CA. Social Media Intervention to Promote Smoking Treatment Utilization and Cessation Among Alaska Native People Who Smoke: Protocol for the Connecting Alaska Native People to Quit Smoking (CAN Quit) Pilot Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2019; 8:e15155. [PMID: 31755867 PMCID: PMC6898890 DOI: 10.2196/15155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high prevalence of tobacco use among Alaska Native (AN) people, tobacco cessation interventions developed specifically for this group are lacking. Social media hold promise as a scalable intervention strategy to promote smoking treatment utilization and cessation, given the barriers to treatment delivery (ie, geographic remoteness, limited funding, climate, and travel costs) in the state of Alaska (AK). Building on a longstanding tobacco control research partnership with the AK Tribal Health System, in this study, we are developing and pilot-testing a culturally relevant, Facebook (FB)-delivered intervention that incorporates a digital storytelling approach adapted from the effective Centers for Disease Control Tips from Former Smokers campaign. OBJECTIVE This study aims to promote evidence-based smoking treatment (eg, state quitline and Tribal cessation programs) uptake and cessation among AN people. METHODS This study fulfills the objectives for stage 1 of the National Institute on Drug Abuse behavioral integrative treatment development program. In stage 1a, we will use a mixed method approach to develop the FB intervention. Cultural variance and surface/deep structure frameworks will address the influence of culture in designing health messages. These developmental activities will include qualitative and quantitative assessments, followed by beta testing of proposed intervention content. In stage 1b, we will conduct a randomized pilot trial enrolling 60 AN adults who smoke. We will evaluate the feasibility, uptake, consumer response, and potential efficacy of the FB intervention compared with a control condition (quitline/treatment referral only). Primary outcome measures include feasibility and biochemically verified smoking abstinence at 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-ups. Secondary outcomes will include self-reported smoking cessation treatment utilization and abstinence from tobacco/nicotine products. We will also explore interdependence (relationship orientation and collaborative efforts in lifestyle change) as a culturally relevant mediator of intervention efficacy. RESULTS The study enrolled 40 participants for phase 1, with data saturation being achieved at 30 AN people who smoke and 10 stakeholders. For phase 2, we enrolled 40 participants. Qualitative assessment of proposed intervention content was completed with 30 AN smokers and 10 stakeholders. We are currently analyzing data from the quantitative assessment with 40 participants in preparation for the beta testing, followed by the randomized pilot trial. CONCLUSIONS The project is innovative for its use of social media communication tools that are culturally relevant in a behavioral intervention designed to reach AN people statewide to promote smoking treatment utilization and cessation. The study will further advance tobacco cessation research in an underserved disparity group. If the pilot intervention is successful, we will have a blueprint to conduct a large randomized controlled efficacy trial. Our approach could be considered for other remote AN communities to enhance the reach of evidence-based tobacco cessation treatments. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/15155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela S Sinicrope
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology and Behavioral Health Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kathryn R Koller
- Clinical and Research Services, Division of Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, United States
| | - Judith J Prochaska
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Christine A Hughes
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology and Behavioral Health Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Martha J Bock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology and Behavioral Health Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Paul A Decker
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Christie A Flanagan
- Clinical and Research Services, Division of Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, United States
| | - Zoe T Merritt
- Clinical and Research Services, Division of Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, United States
| | - Crystal D Meade
- Clinical and Research Services, Division of Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, United States
| | - Abbie L Willetto
- Clinical and Research Services, Division of Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, United States
| | - Ken Resnicow
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Timothy K Thomas
- Clinical and Research Services, Division of Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, United States
| | - Christi A Patten
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology and Behavioral Health Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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24
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Franz D, Marsh HE, Chen JI, Teo AR. Using Facebook for Qualitative Research: A Brief Primer. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e13544. [PMID: 31411143 PMCID: PMC6711038 DOI: 10.2196/13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As Facebook continues to grow its number of active users, the potential to harness data generated by Facebook users also grows. As much of Facebook users’ activity consists of creating (and commenting on) written posts, the potential use of text data for research is enormous. However, conducting a content analysis of text from Facebook users requires adaptation of research methods used for more traditional sources of qualitative data. Furthermore, best practice guidelines to assist researchers interested in conducting qualitative studies using data derived from Facebook are lacking. The purpose of this primer was to identify opportunities, as well as potential pitfalls, of conducting qualitative research with Facebook users and their activity on Facebook and provide potential options to address each of these issues. We begin with an overview of information obtained from a literature review of 23 studies published between 2011 and 2018 and our own research experience to summarize current approaches to conducting qualitative health research using data obtained from Facebook users. We then identify potential strategies to address limitations related to current approaches and propose 5 key considerations for the collection, organization, and analysis of text data from Facebook. Finally, we consider ethical issues around the use and protection of Facebook data obtained from research participants. In this primer, we have identified several key considerations that should aid health researchers in the planning and execution of qualitative studies involving content analysis of text data from Facebook users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daschel Franz
- Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Heather Elizabeth Marsh
- Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jason I Chen
- Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Alan R Teo
- Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University and Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States
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25
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Wongvibulsin S, Martin SS, Steinhubl SR, Muse ED. Connected Health Technology for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2019; 21:29. [PMID: 31104157 PMCID: PMC7263827 DOI: 10.1007/s11936-019-0729-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Advances in computing power and wireless technologies have reshaped our approach to patient monitoring. Medical grade sensors and apps that were once restricted to hospitals and specialized clinic are now widely available. Here, we review the current evidence supporting the use of connected health technologies for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease in an effort to highlight gaps and future opportunities for innovation. RECENT FINDINGS Initial studies in connected health for cardiovascular disease prevention and management focused primarily on activity tracking and blood pressure monitoring but have since expanded to include a full panoply of novel sensors and pioneering smartphone apps with targeted interventions in diet, lipid management and risk assessment, smoking cessation, cardiac rehabilitation, heart failure, and arrhythmias. While outfitting patients with sensors and devices alone is infrequently a lasting solution, monitoring programs that include personalized insights based on patient-level data are more likely to lead to improved outcomes. Advances in this space have been driven by patients and researchers while healthcare systems remain slow to fully integrate and adequately adapt these new technologies into their workflows. Cardiovascular disease prevention and management continue to be key focus areas for clinicians and researchers in the connected health space. Exciting progress has been made though studies continue to suffer from small sample size and limited follow-up. Efforts that combine home patient monitoring, engagement, and personalized feedback are the most promising. Ultimately, combining patient-level ambulatory sensor data, electronic health records, and genomics using machine learning analytics will bring precision medicine closer to reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Wongvibulsin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Seth S Martin
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven R Steinhubl
- Scripps Research Translational Institute, 3344 N. Torrey Pines Ct, Suite 300, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Evan D Muse
- Scripps Research Translational Institute, 3344 N. Torrey Pines Ct, Suite 300, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Scripps Clinic-Scripps Health, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
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26
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The Use of Mobile Health to Assist Self-management and Access to Services in a Rural Community. Comput Inform Nurs 2018; 37:62-72. [PMID: 30543532 DOI: 10.1097/cin.0000000000000494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the barriers to and needs for using mobile health technology to assist low-income Asian American and Pacific Islander participants living in rural Hawaii in their healthcare. Three focus groups consisting of patients, family support/significant others, and providers (N = 19) were conducted to assess the unique needs of low-income Asian American and Pacific Islander patients in rural Hawaii. The electronic health literacy scale was also used among participants in the patients and family support/significant other groups. The total electronic health literacy means were 23.57 (SD = 9.71) among participants in the patient group, 34.50 (SD = 7.78) in the family support/significant others group, and 35.67 (SD = 4.56) in the providers group. The qualitative analysis yielded categories with three main themes: value of mobile health, stumbling blocks to mobile health, and mobile health wish list and subthemes. Practice implications include uses of these findings to integrate future versions of mobile health that will promote effective communication and information specifically to diverse low-income populations.
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Carter-Harris L, Schwindt R, Bakoyannis G, Ceppa DP, Rawl SM. Current Smokers' Preferences for Receiving Cessation Information in a Lung Cancer Screening Setting. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2018; 33:1120-1125. [PMID: 28405898 PMCID: PMC5638665 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-017-1222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify current smokers' communication format preferences for receiving smoking cessation information in a lung cancer screening setting. A cross-sectional correlational design using survey methodology with 159 screening-eligible current smokers was the method used. Data was dichotomized (digital versus traditional preference) and analyzed using Pearson's chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression. Race was a statistically significant predictor with White participants having four times greater odds of reporting preference for a digital format for receiving smoking cessation information such as social media and/or supportive text messages (OR: 4.06; p = 0.004). Lung cancer screening is a new venue where current long-term smokers can be offered information about smoking cessation while they are engaging in a health-promoting behavior and potentially more likely to contemplate quitting. It is important to consider the communication format preference of current smokers to support cessation uptake. This study is the first to examine communication format preference of current smokers in the context of the lung cancer screening venue. Key differences noted by race support the need for further research examining multiple formats of communication with efforts to maximize options in the cancer screening setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Carter-Harris
- Indiana University School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, NU W427, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Rhonda Schwindt
- George Washington University School of Nursing, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Giorgos Bakoyannis
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - DuyKhanh Pham Ceppa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Susan M Rawl
- Indiana University School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, NU W427, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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Pilot Study of an Internet-Based, Simulated Teachable Moment for Smoking Cessation. J Smok Cessat 2018. [DOI: 10.1017/jsc.2018.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIntroductionThe internet has the potential to overcome geographic limitations for smoking cessation interventions, but further telehealth-based studies of utility are required.AimsTo investigate the efficacy of an internet-based version of a quit smoking approach using a personalised video to create a simulated teachable moment.MethodsSmokers within Australia were recruited through a dedicated website. After consent, eligible subjects, aged ≥30 years with a non-smoking partner, uploaded pictures of themselves, their partner and family, to be inserted into a video depicting the subject having a heart attack due to smoking, with consequences to them and their family. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) began prior to the quit attempt. The video was shown during two videoconference counselling sessions, with follow-up phone calls and text messaging support. Smoking status at 6 months by self-report (primary endpoint) was verified by partner/proxy and salivary cotinine (NicAlert™).Results/FindingsSeventy seven smokers were screened, of whom 50 were eligible, and 17 of these (34%) were enrolled; 11 men and 6 women, aged 41.5 ± 6.9 years, daily cigarette consumption 20.8 ± 8.9, Heaviness of Smoking Index score 3.7 ± 1.7. Participants reported feeling personally involved with the video (5.9 ± 1.1), which felt real (5.8 ± 1.1) and emotionally moving (5.6 ± 1.5) [7-point Likert Scale]. A similar video response was reported by the four participants (24%), who due to bandwidth limitations, watched the video after the counselling session instead of during it. Non-smoking rates at 6 months were 65% (11/17) by self-report with proxy confirmation, and 47% (8/17) by self-report with biologic confirmation. Three non-smokers by self-report could not provide a valid NicAlert™ result due to current NRT use. One participant who by self-report smoked once in the prior 14-days was assessed as a non-smoker by both proxy and NicAlert™.ConclusionsThis pilot study demonstrates efficacy for an internet-based version of a quit smoking program based on creating a simulated teachable moment. The findings provide support for further research into this technique, with the internet enabling greater reach than face-to-face.
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McKelvey K, Ramo D. Conversation Within a Facebook Smoking Cessation Intervention Trial For Young Adults (Tobacco Status Project): Qualitative Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2018; 2:e11138. [PMID: 30684432 PMCID: PMC6334697 DOI: 10.2196/11138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking cessation interventions delivered through social media have the potential to engage young people in behavior change. Objective The aim of this study was to describe participant-posted messages in a Facebook smoking cessation intervention for young adults to discern support for behavior change. Methods We qualitatively analyzed data from the treatment arm of a randomized trial testing the efficacy of the Tobacco Status Project Facebook intervention. Young adults (N=138) aged 18-25 years (female: 81/138, 58.7%; white: 101/138, 73.2%; mean age 21 years) were recruited using Facebook and placed into one of the 15 secret Facebook groups based on readiness-to-quit smoking. Messages posted to groups for 90 consecutive days were tailored to readiness-to-quit: Not Ready (46/138, 33.3%), Thinking (66/138, 47.8%), and Getting Ready (26/138, 18.8%). Groups were randomized to receive up to US $90 for posting or no incentive. Two independent coders conducted open coding of user posts. We considered content by readiness-to-quit group and incentive condition. Results There were 4 dominant themes across all groups: coping skills, friends and family, motivation to quit, and benefits of quitting. The dominant themes in Not Ready groups were friends and family (incentive) and motivation to quit (no incentive), whereas coping skills was the dominant theme in Thinking and Getting Ready groups. The expression of themes varied by readiness-to-quit group but not by incentive condition. Conclusions Intervention messages tailored to readiness-to-quit appear useful in eliciting the desired responses from young adult smokers, with limited influence by monetary incentive. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02207036; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02207036 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/722XAEAAz)
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Affiliation(s)
- Karma McKelvey
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Danielle Ramo
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Yang PC, Lee WC, Liu HY, Shih MJ, Chen TJ, Chou LF, Hwang SJ. Use of Facebook by Hospitals in Taiwan: A Nationwide Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15061188. [PMID: 29882819 PMCID: PMC6025589 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: Social media advertising has become increasingly influential in recent years. Because Facebook has the most active users worldwide, many hospitals in Taiwan have created official Facebook fan pages. Our study was to present an overview of official Facebook fan pages of hospitals in Taiwan. Methods: All 417 hospitals were surveyed about their use of Facebook fan pages in December 2017. The last update time, posts in the past 30 days, number of “Likes”, and other features were analyzed and stratified according to the accreditation statuses of the hospitals. Results: In Taiwan, only 51.1% (n = 213) of the hospitals had an official Facebook fan page. Among these hospitals, 71.8% (n = 153) had updated their pages in the past 30 days, although 89.2% (n = 190) provided online interactions. Academic medical centers tended to have more “Likes” than regional and local community hospitals (on average 5947.4, 2644.8, and 1548.0, respectively). Conclusions: In spite of the popularity of Facebook among the general population, most hospitals in Taiwan do not seem to make good use of this kind of social media. The reasons for the use and nonuse of Facebook on the part of both hospitals and patients deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chin Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Wui-Chiang Lee
- Department of Medical Affairs and Planning, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Hao-Yen Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Ju Shih
- Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Fang Chou
- Department of Public Finance, National Chengchi University, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
| | - Shinn-Jang Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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Onezi HA, Khalifa M, El-Metwally A, Househ M. The impact of social media-based support groups on smoking relapse prevention in Saudi Arabia. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 159:135-143. [PMID: 29650308 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Tobacco smoking remains a major preventable cause of mortality and morbidity across the globe. People who attempt to quit smoking often experience episodes of relapse before finally quitting. Understanding the part that social networking sites and social media can play in smoking cessation and prevention of relapse is important to aid the development of novel techniques to curb the smoking epidemic. This study investigated the use of extra-treatment provided outside of the formal healthcare setting, bolstered by online social support in order to prevent smoking relapse in Saudi Arabia. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 473 smokers taking part in smoking cessation intervention programs run by the Riyadh branch of King Abdul-Aziz Medical City and PURITY, a Saudi anti-smoking association. Only subjects who expressed an interest in quitting smoking, and those attempting to quit, were considered for inclusion. The sample was divided into three groups: subjects who subscribed to support groups on Twitter (n = 150), and WhatsApp (n = 150), and a control group of subjects who had not subscribed to any social media support groups (n = 173). RESULTS A significant difference was found between the mean average numbers of people who quit smoking among the three groups, with social media support proving to be more effective than other traditional methods. Our findings imply that Twitter and WhatsApp users found it easier to quit smoking than those who did not take part in these social media groups. CONCLUSION Social media provides a good platform to discuss smoking cessation treatment, and thus reduce smoking relapses. Our findings support the suggestion that more social media support groups should be developed to help people to effectively cease smoking after abstinence. Individuals who struggle to quit smoking should be encouraged to join support groups on their social media platform of choice to increase their likelihood of quitting. Future studies should assess the effectiveness of social media to help people quit smoking by including a greater diversity of social media platforms, including Facebook, Snapchat, and Instagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidi Al Onezi
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Khalifa
- Centre for Health Informatics, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ashraf El-Metwally
- Docent of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland; College of Public Health and Health Informatics; King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center's (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mowafa Househ
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Emadzadeh E, Sarker A, Nikfarjam A, Gonzalez G. Hybrid Semantic Analysis for Mapping Adverse Drug Reaction Mentions in Tweets to Medical Terminology. AMIA ... ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS. AMIA SYMPOSIUM 2018; 2017:679-688. [PMID: 29854133 PMCID: PMC5977584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Social networks, such as Twitter, have become important sources for active monitoring of user-reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Automatic extraction of ADR information can be crucial for healthcare providers, drug manufacturers, and consumers. However, because of the non-standard nature of social media language, automatically extracted ADR mentions need to be mapped to standard forms before they can be used by operational pharmacovigilance systems. We propose a modular natural language processing pipeline for mapping (normalizing) colloquial mentions of ADRs to their corresponding standardized identifiers. We seek to accomplish this task and enable customization of the pipeline so that distinct unlabeled free text resources can be incorporated to use the system for other normalization tasks. Our approach, which we call Hybrid Semantic Analysis (HSA), sequentially employs rule-based and semantic matching algorithms for mapping user-generated mentions to concept IDs in the Unified Medical Language System vocabulary. The semantic matching component of HSA is adaptive in nature and uses a regression model to combine various measures of semantic relatedness and resources to optimize normalization performance on the selected data source. On a publicly available corpus, our normalization method achieves 0.502 recall and 0.823 precision (F-measure: 0.624). Our proposed method outperforms a baseline based on latent semantic analysis and another that uses MetaMap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Emadzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Abeed Sarker
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Azadeh Nikfarjam
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Graciela Gonzalez
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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The Development and Evaluation of Online Smoking Cessation Services: A Narrative Literature Review. J Smok Cessat 2018. [DOI: 10.1017/jsc.2018.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:The use of quitlines for smoking cessation has contracted, with service providers adapting through the development of comprehensive interactive online smoking cessation services. The primary aim of this review is to investigate the continuum of online cessation services, innovations in design and service components, measures used in formative, process and outcome evaluations, as well as evidence of effectiveness.Methods:This review includes the peer-reviewed literature, scholarly articles and the grey literature material. Databases searched included: PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS and the Cochrane Collaboration.Results/findings:56 academic journal articles and the 5 grey literature reports met the inclusion criteria for this review. Developmental stages of online/combination services included: static websites, tailored feedback, email and text services, interactive components, social media, pharmacological offers; as well as social and professional support mechanisms. Innovations in online smoking cessation include: chat rooms, new recruitment strategies, mobile apps, service tailoring and messaging support groups. Online cessation services were significantly cheaper and more popular than quitlines; however, abstinence rates appear higher amongst quitline users.Conclusions:Three likely catalysts for the shift from quitlines to online services are the rapid development of technology, increased internet access and the general movement of the goods and services sector to digital channels. The challenge for online cessation service providers is to leverage their comparative cost advantage and develop strategies that keep pace, engage users and increase service effectiveness.Implications:Our paper synthesises a wide-range of the literature that evaluates the effectiveness and scope of online smoking cessation programs. Through applying this literature to the stages of evaluation framework, we also provide one of the first detailed roadmaps towards developing comprehensive evaluation methodology for online smoking cessation services.
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Partridge SR, Gallagher P, Freeman B, Gallagher R. Facebook Groups for the Management of Chronic Diseases. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e21. [PMID: 29343460 PMCID: PMC5792702 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.7558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of Facebook groups by health care researchers and professionals for chronic disease management, namely type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease, is in its early stages and challenges are emerging. While Facebook groups offer great potential to deliver health support, research of Facebook groups for chronic disease management remains in its infancy, with robust evidence not yet available. Designing Facebook groups that are acceptable to users, health care researchers as well as health care professionals is a challenge, and there is a poor fit with traditional research and evaluation methods. Key recommendations for future research of Facebook groups for chronic disease management include: (1) iterative content development with input from the target patient population; (2) further understanding of the potential role of group "champions"; (3) ensuring the social media policies of health care institutions allow for real time online communication; and (4) utilizing comprehensive evaluation strategies, including the use of process evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R Partridge
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Patrick Gallagher
- Sydney Nursing School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Becky Freeman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robyn Gallagher
- Sydney Nursing School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Naslund JA, Kim SJ, Aschbrenner KA, McCulloch LJ, Brunette MF, Dallery J, Bartels SJ, Marsch LA. Systematic review of social media interventions for smoking cessation. Addict Behav 2017; 73:81-93. [PMID: 28499259 PMCID: PMC5556947 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Popular social media could extend the reach of smoking cessation efforts. In this systematic review, our objectives were: 1) to determine whether social media interventions for smoking cessation are feasible, acceptable, and potentially effective; 2) to identify approaches for recruiting subjects; and 3) to examine the specific intervention design components and strategies employed to promote user engagement and retention. METHODS We searched Scopus, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science through July 2016 and reference lists of relevant articles. Included studies described social media interventions for smoking cessation and must have reported outcomes related to feasibility, acceptability, usability, or smoking-related outcomes. RESULTS We identified 7 studies (all were published since 2014) that enrolled 9755 participants (median=136 [range 40 to 9042]). Studies mainly used Facebook (n=4) or Twitter (n=2), and emerged as feasible and acceptable. Five studies reported smoking-related outcomes such as greater abstinence, reduction in relapse, and an increase in quit attempts. Most studies (n=6) recruited participants using online or Facebook advertisements. Tailored content, targeted reminders, and moderated discussions were used to promote participant engagement. Three studies found that active participation through posting comments or liking content may be associated with improved outcomes. Retention ranged from 35% to 84% (median=70%) across the included studies. CONCLUSIONS Our review highlights the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of social media interventions for smoking cessation. Future research should continue to explore approaches for promoting user engagement and retention, and whether sustained engagement translates to clinically meaningful smoking cessation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Naslund
- Health Promotion Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States; The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States; The Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States.
| | - Sunny Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States; Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Kelly A Aschbrenner
- Health Promotion Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | | | - Mary F Brunette
- The Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Jesse Dallery
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, United States
| | - Stephen J Bartels
- Health Promotion Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States; The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Lisa A Marsch
- The Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
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Siegmund LA, Ahmed HM, Crawford MT, Bena JF. Feasibility of a Facebook Intervention for Exercise Motivation and Cardiac Rehabilitation Adherence: Study Protocol. JMIR Res Protoc 2017; 6:e162. [PMID: 28821473 PMCID: PMC5581387 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.7554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While cardiac rehabilitation has been shown to be effective at improving coronary heart disease (CHD), participation is generally poor. Attempts to increase uptake and adherence often fail. Use of a Facebook intervention for this population may be a unique opportunity to support self-determined motivation and affect adherence. Objective To evaluate the impact of a Facebook intervention on motivation for exercise and adherence to cardiac rehabilitation in patients with CHD during a 12-week, Phase II cardiac rehabilitation program. Methods A prospective, randomized controlled pilot study, grounded in Self-Determination Theory, will be conducted. Participants will be recruited from inpatient, or the intake visit to outpatient, cardiac rehabilitation, and then randomly assigned to the intervention or comparison group. Participants in the intervention group will take part in a private Facebook group. Weekly posts will be designed to support self-determined motivation, measured at baseline and postcardiac rehabilitation by the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-3 (BREQ-3). The Psychological Need Satisfaction for Exercise (PNSE) scale will measure fulfillment of needs that affect motivation. Participants in the comparison group will be given the same materials, but these will be supplied via handouts and email. The number of sessions attended will be tallied and analyzed using t tests. Overall motivation will be evaluated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models. Multivariate analysis of variance models will be used to evaluate differences in the change across motivation subtypes. If significant, ANCOVA models for each subtype will be fit. ANCOVA models will be used to compare changes in needs satisfaction, overall and separately among the three subscales, between groups. Engagement in the Facebook group will be measured by number of “likes” and self-report of weekly visits to the group. Results This project was funded in July 2017 and recruitment is currently underway. The recruitment goal is 60 cardiac rehabilitation patients. Data collection is anticipated to be complete by July 2018. Conclusions This pilot study will be the first to examine the effect of a Facebook intervention on patient adherence and motivation for exercise in a cardiac rehabilitation setting. Engagement in the Facebook group and participation in the study will help to determine the feasibility of using Facebook to affect adherence and motivation in cardiac rehabilitation patients, potentially improving outcomes through the use of a unique intervention. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02971813; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02971813 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6sRsz8Zpa)
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Anne Siegmund
- Nursing Institute, Office of Nursing Research and Innovation, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Haitham M Ahmed
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Michael Todd Crawford
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - James Frank Bena
- Lerner Research Institute, Quantitative Health Sciences, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Cao B, Liu C, Durvasula M, Tang W, Pan S, Saffer AJ, Wei C, Tucker JD. Social Media Engagement and HIV Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey. J Med Internet Res 2017; 19:e251. [PMID: 28724510 PMCID: PMC5541240 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.7251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many interventions find that social media engagement with health promotion materials can translate into behavioral changes. However, only a few studies have examined the ways in which specific actions on various social media platforms are correlated with health behaviors. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the association between social media use and HIV testing behaviors among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS In July 2016, a Web-based survey was conducted to recruit MSM in 8 Chinese cities through Blued (Blue City Holdings Ltd.), the world's largest gay mobile phone app. Data on sociodemographic variables, social media use platforms and behaviors, sexual behaviors, and HIV testing histories were collected. HIV testing-related social media use was defined as having ever engaged with HIV testing content on social media, which was further divided into observing (ie, receiving), endorsing (eg, liking and sharing), and contributing (eg, posting or commenting on HIV testing materials). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to determine the best division of HIV testing-related social media use. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine the association between HIV testing-related social media use and HIV testing behaviors. RESULTS A total of 2105 individuals participated in the survey. Among them, 46.75% (984) were under the age of 24 years, 35.43% (746) had high school education or less, and 47.74% (587) had condomless sex in the last 3 months. More than half of the respondents (58.14%, 1224/2105) reported HIV testing-related social media use. Additionally, HIV testing-related social media use, especially on multifunctional platforms such as WeChat, was found to be associated with recent HIV testing (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.32, 95% CI 1.66-3.24). Contributing on social media was correlated with recent HIV testing (aOR 2.10, 95% CI 1.40-3.16), but neither observing (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.38-1.15) nor endorsing (aOR 1.29, 95% CI 0.88-1.90) were correlated. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that social media use, particularly on multifunctional platforms such as WeChat and with contributing behaviors, is correlated with HIV testing among MSM in China. Campaigns that promote active participant contribution on social media beyond passive observation and endorsement of promotional materials are needed. This study has implications for the design and implementation of social media interventions to promote HIV testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Cao
- School of Media and Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- University of North Carolina Project - China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuncheng Liu
- University of North Carolina Project - China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maya Durvasula
- Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Weiming Tang
- University of North Carolina Project - China, Guangzhou, China
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Stephen Pan
- University of North Carolina Project - China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Adam J Saffer
- School of Media and Journalism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Chongyi Wei
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Joseph D Tucker
- University of North Carolina Project - China, Guangzhou, China
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Hill BS, Patel VV, Haughton LJ, Blackstock OJ. Leveraging Social Media to Explore Black Women's Perspectives on HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2017; 29:107-114. [PMID: 28709753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Villanti AC, Johnson AL, Ilakkuvan V, Jacobs MA, Graham AL, Rath JM. Social Media Use and Access to Digital Technology in US Young Adults in 2016. J Med Internet Res 2017; 19:e196. [PMID: 28592394 PMCID: PMC5480010 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.7303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2015, 90% of US young adults with Internet access used social media. Digital and social media are highly prevalent modalities through which young adults explore identity formation, and by extension, learn and transmit norms about health and risk behaviors during this developmental life stage. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to provide updated estimates of social media use from 2014 to 2016 and correlates of social media use and access to digital technology in data collected from a national sample of US young adults in 2016. METHODS Young adult participants aged 18-24 years in Wave 7 (October 2014, N=1259) and Wave 9 (February 2016, N=989) of the Truth Initiative Young Adult Cohort Study were asked about use frequency for 11 social media sites and access to digital devices, in addition to sociodemographic characteristics. Regular use was defined as using a given social media site at least weekly. Weighted analyses estimated the prevalence of use of each social media site, overlap between regular use of specific sites, and correlates of using a greater number of social media sites regularly. Bivariate analyses identified sociodemographic correlates of access to specific digital devices. RESULTS In 2014, 89.42% (weighted n, 1126/1298) of young adults reported regular use of at least one social media site. This increased to 97.5% (weighted n, 965/989) of young adults in 2016. Among regular users of social media sites in 2016, the top five sites were Tumblr (85.5%), Vine (84.7%), Snapchat (81.7%), Instagram (80.7%), and LinkedIn (78.9%). Respondents reported regularly using an average of 7.6 social media sites, with 85% using 6 or more sites regularly. Overall, 87% of young adults reported access or use of a smartphone with Internet access, 74% a desktop or laptop computer with Internet access, 41% a tablet with Internet access, 29% a smart TV or video game console with Internet access, 11% a cell phone without Internet access, and 3% none of these. Access to all digital devices with Internet was lower in those reporting a lower subjective financial situation; there were also significant differences in access to specific digital devices with Internet by race, ethnicity, and education. CONCLUSIONS The high mean number of social media sites used regularly and the substantial overlap in use of multiple social media sites reflect the rapidly changing social media environment. Mobile devices are a primary channel for social media, and our study highlights disparities in access to digital technologies with Internet access among US young adults by race/ethnicity, education, and subjective financial status. Findings from this study may guide the development and implementation of future health interventions for young adults delivered via the Internet or social media sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Villanti
- Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies at Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.,Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Amanda L Johnson
- Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies at Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Vinu Ilakkuvan
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, Department of Prevention and Community Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Megan A Jacobs
- Innovations, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Amanda L Graham
- Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies at Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, United States.,Innovations, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center/Cancer Prevention & Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jessica M Rath
- Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Evaluation Science and Research, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, United States
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Mesquita AC, Zamarioli CM, Fulquini FL, Carvalho ECD, Angerami ELS. Social networks in nursing work processes: an integrative literature review. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2017; 51:e03219. [PMID: 28327878 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-220x2016021603219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify and analyze the available evidence in the literature on the use of social networks in nursing work processes. METHOD An integrative review of the literature conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE and LILACS databases in January 2016, using the descriptors social media, social networking, nursing, enfermagem, redes sociais, mídias sociais, and the keyword nursing practice, without year restriction. RESULTS The sample consisted of 27 international articles which were published between 2011 and 2016. The social networks used were Facebook (66.5%), Twitter (30%) and WhatsApp (3.5%). In 70.5% of the studies, social networks were used for research purposes, in 18.5% they were used as a tool aimed to assist students in academic activities, and in 11% for executing interventions via the internet. CONCLUSION Nurses have used social networks in their work processes such as Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp to research, teach and watch. The articles show several benefits in using such tools in the nursing profession; however, ethical considerations regarding the use of social networks deserve further discussion. OBJETIVO Identificar e analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre a utilização de redes sociais nos processos de trabalho em enfermagem. MÉTODO Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada em janeiro de 2016, nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE e LILACS, com os descritores social media, social networking, nursing, enfermagem, redes sociais, mídias sociais e a palavra-chave nursing practice, sem restrição de ano. RESULTADOS A amostra foi composta por 27 artigos, os quais foram publicados entre 2011 e 2016, todos internacionais. As redes sociais utilizadas foram o Facebook (66,5%), o Twitter (30%) e o WhatsApp (3,5%). Em 70,5% dos estudos as redes sociais foram utilizadas para fins de pesquisa, em 18,5% como ferramenta para auxiliar estudantes nas atividades acadêmicas, e em 11% para a realização de intervenções via internet. CONCLUSÃO Em seus processos de trabalho, os enfermeiros têm utilizado as redes sociais Facebook, Twitter e WhatsApp para pesquisar, ensinar e assistir. Os artigos evidenciam diversos benefícios sobre o uso de tais ferramentas na profissão de enfermagem, entretanto, as considerações éticas a respeito da utilização das redes sociais merecem maior discussão.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Mesquita
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristina Mara Zamarioli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Francine Lima Fulquini
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Gwynette MF, Morriss D, Warren N, Truelove J, Warthen J, Ross CP, Mood G, Snook CA, Borckardt J. Social Skills Training for Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Facebook (Project Rex Connect): A Survey Study. JMIR Ment Health 2017; 4:e4. [PMID: 28115297 PMCID: PMC5294368 DOI: 10.2196/mental.6605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) spend more time using electronic screen media than neurotypical peers; preliminary evidence suggests that computer-assisted or Web-based interventions may be beneficial for social skills acquisition. The current generation of adolescents accesses the Internet through computers or phones almost daily, and Facebook is the most frequently used social media platform among teenagers. This is the first research study to explore the use of Facebook as a therapeutic tool for adolescents with ASD. OBJECTIVE To study the feasibility and clinical impact of using a Web-based social platform in combination with social skills training for adolescents with ASD. METHODS This pilot study enrolled 6 participants (all males; mean age 14.1 years) in an online social skills training group using Facebook. Data was collected on the participants' social and behavioral functioning at the start and conclusion of the intervention. Outcome measures included the Social Responsiveness Scale-2, the Social Skills Improvement System Rating Scale, and the Project Rex Parent Survey. Participants were surveyed at the conclusion of the intervention regarding their experience. RESULTS No statistically significant differences in measurable outcomes were observed. However, the online addition of Facebook was well received by participants and their parents. The Facebook intervention was able to be executed with a careful privacy protocol in place and at minimal safety risk to participants. CONCLUSIONS The utilization of Facebook to facilitate delivery of social skills training for adolescents with ASD appears to be feasible, although the clinical impact of such an addition is still unclear. It is important to note that social difficulties of participants persisted with the addition of the online platform and participants still required assistance to engage with peers in an online environment. A Web-based intervention such as the one utilized in this study has the potential to reach a mass number of patients with ASD and could address disparities in access to in-person treatment services. However, the complexity and evolving nature of Facebook's website and privacy settings leads to a number of unique online safety concerns that may limit its clinical utility. Issues encountered in our study support the development of an alternative and closed Web-based social platform designed specifically for the target audience with ASD; this platform could be a safer and more easily moderated setting for aiding in social skills development. Despite a small sample size with no statistically significant improvements of target symptoms, the use of electronic screen media as a therapeutic tool for adolescents with ASD is still a promising area of research warranting further investigation. Our study helps inform future obstacles regarding feasibility and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- McLeod Frampton Gwynette
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | | | - Nancy Warren
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - James Truelove
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Jennifer Warthen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Charles Paul Ross
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - George Mood
- College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, United States
| | | | - Jeffrey Borckardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.,Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.,Ralph H. Johnson VAMC, Charleston, SC, United States
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Baskerville NB, Dash D, Wong K, Shuh A, Abramowicz A. Perceptions Toward a Smoking Cessation App Targeting LGBTQ+ Youth and Young Adults: A Qualitative Framework Analysis of Focus Groups. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2016; 2:e165. [PMID: 27864164 PMCID: PMC5135733 DOI: 10.2196/publichealth.6188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of smoking among lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer, and other sexual minority (LGBTQ+) youth and young adults (YYA) is significantly higher compared with that among non-LGBTQ+ persons. However, in the past, interventions were primarily group cessation classes that targeted LGBTQ+ persons of all ages. mHealth interventions offer an alternate and modern intervention platform for this subpopulation and may be of particular interest for young LGBTQ+ persons. OBJECTIVE This study explored LGBTQ+ YYA (the potential users') perceptions of a culturally tailored mobile app for smoking cessation. Specifically, we sought to understand what LGBTQ+ YYA like and dislike about this potential cessation tool, along with how such interventions could be improved. METHODS We conducted 24 focus groups with 204 LGBTQ+ YYA (aged 16-29 years) in Toronto and Ottawa, Canada. Participants reflected on how an app might support LGBTQ+ persons with smoking cessation. Participants indicated their feelings, likes and dislikes, concerns, and additional ideas for culturally tailored smoking cessation apps. Framework analysis was used to code transcripts and identify the overarching themes. RESULTS Study findings suggested that LGBTQ+ YYA were eager about using culturally tailored mobile apps for smoking cessation. Accessibility, monitoring and tracking, connecting with community members, tailoring, connecting with social networks, and personalization were key reasons that were valued for a mobile app cessation program. However, concerns were raised about individual privacy and that not all individuals had access to a mobile phone, users might lose interest quickly, an app would need to be marketed effectively, and app users might cheat and lie about progress to themselves. Participants highlighted that the addition of distractions, rewards, notifications, and Web-based and print versions of the app would be extremely useful to mitigate some of their concerns. CONCLUSIONS This study provided insight into the perspectives of LGBTQ+ YYA on a smoking cessation intervention delivered through a mobile app. The findings suggested a number of components of a mobile app that were valued and those that were concerning, as well as suggestions on how to make a mobile app cessation program successful. App development for this subpopulation should take into consideration the opinions of the intended users and involve them in the development and evaluation of mobile-based smoking cessation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bruce Baskerville
- Propel Centre for Population Health ImpactApplied Health SciencesUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, ONCanada
| | - Darly Dash
- Propel Centre for Population Health ImpactApplied Health SciencesUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, ONCanada
| | - Katy Wong
- Propel Centre for Population Health ImpactApplied Health SciencesUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, ONCanada
| | - Alanna Shuh
- Propel Centre for Population Health ImpactApplied Health SciencesUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, ONCanada
| | - Aneta Abramowicz
- Propel Centre for Population Health ImpactApplied Health SciencesUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, ONCanada
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Keller PA, Schillo BA, Kerr AN, Lien RK, Saul J, Dreher M, Lachter RB. Increasing reach by offering choices: Results from an innovative model for statewide services for smoking cessation. Prev Med 2016; 91:96-102. [PMID: 27514248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although state quitlines provide free telephone counseling and often include nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), reach remains limited (1-2% in most states). More needs to be done to engage all smokers in the quitting process. A possible strategy is to offer choices of cessation services through quitlines and to reduce registration barriers. In March 2014, ClearWay MinnesotaSM implemented a new model for QUITPLAN® Services, the state's population-wide cessation services. Tobacco users could choose the QUITPLAN® Helpline or one or more Individual QUITPLAN® Services (NRT starter kit, text messaging, email program, or quit guide). The program website was redesigned, online enrollment was added, and a new advertising campaign was created and launched. In 2014-2015, we evaluated whether these changes increased reach. We also assessed quit attempts, quit outcomes, predictors of 30-day abstinence, and average cost per quit via a seven-month follow-up survey. Between March 2014-February 2015, 15,861 unique tobacco users registered, which was a 169% increase over calendar year 2013. The majority of participants made a quit attempt (83.7%). Thirty-day point prevalence abstinence rates (responder rates) were 26.1% for QUITPLAN Services overall, 29.6% for the QUITPLAN Helpline, and 25.5% for Individual QUITPLAN Services. Several variables predicted quit outcomes, including receiving only one call from the Helpline and using both the Helpline and the NRT starter kit. Providing greater choice of cessation services and reducing registration barriers have the potential to engage more tobacco users, foster more quit attempts, and ultimately lead to long-term cessation and reductions in prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Keller
- ClearWay Minnesota(SM), 8011 34th Ave S, Suite 400, Minneapolis, MN 55425, USA.
| | - Barbara A Schillo
- ClearWay Minnesota(SM), 8011 34th Ave S, Suite 400, Minneapolis, MN 55425, USA.
| | - Amy N Kerr
- Professional Data Analysts, Inc., 219 Main St SE, Suite 302, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
| | - Rebecca K Lien
- Professional Data Analysts, Inc., 219 Main St SE, Suite 302, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
| | - Jessie Saul
- North American Research and Analysis, Inc., 1016 11th Ave NE, Faribault, MN 55021, USA.
| | - Marietta Dreher
- ClearWay Minnesota(SM), 8011 34th Ave S, Suite 400, Minneapolis, MN 55425, USA.
| | - Randi B Lachter
- ClearWay Minnesota(SM), 8011 34th Ave S, Suite 400, Minneapolis, MN 55425, USA.
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Kolliakou A, Ball M, Derczynski L, Chandran D, Gkotsis G, Deluca P, Jackson R, Shetty H, Stewart R. Novel psychoactive substances: An investigation of temporal trends in social media and electronic health records. Eur Psychiatry 2016; 38:15-21. [PMID: 27611330 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public health monitoring is commonly undertaken in social media but has never been combined with data analysis from electronic health records. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) in social media and their appearance in a large mental health database. METHODS Insufficient numbers of mentions of other NPS in case records meant that the study focused on mephedrone. Data were extracted on the number of mephedrone (i) references in the clinical record at the South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK, (ii) mentions in Twitter, (iii) related searches in Google and (iv) visits in Wikipedia. The characteristics of current mephedrone users in the clinical record were also established. RESULTS Increased activity related to mephedrone searches in Google and visits in Wikipedia preceded a peak in mephedrone-related references in the clinical record followed by a spike in the other 3 data sources in early 2010, when mephedrone was assigned a 'class B' status. Features of current mephedrone users widely matched those from community studies. CONCLUSIONS Combined analysis of information from social media and data from mental health records may assist public health and clinical surveillance for certain substance-related events of interest. There exists potential for early warning systems for health-care practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kolliakou
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - M Ball
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - L Derczynski
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - D Chandran
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G Gkotsis
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Deluca
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Jackson
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - H Shetty
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - R Stewart
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Hartzler AL, BlueSpruce J, Catz SL, McClure JB. Prioritizing the mHealth Design Space: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Smokers' Perspectives. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2016; 4:e95. [PMID: 27496593 PMCID: PMC4992168 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.5742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States. Therefore, researchers are constantly exploring new ways to promote smoking cessation. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies could be effective cessation tools. Despite the availability of commercial quit-smoking apps, little research to date has examined smokers’ preferred treatment intervention components (ie, design features). Honoring these preferences is important for designing programs that are appealing to smokers and may be more likely to be adopted and used. Objective The aim of this study was to understand smokers’ preferred design features of mHealth quit-smoking tools. Methods We used a mixed-methods approach consisting of focus groups and written surveys to understand the design preferences of adult smokers who were interested in quitting smoking (N=40). Focus groups were stratified by age to allow differing perspectives to emerge between older (>40 years) and younger (<40 years) participants. Focus group discussion included a “blue-sky” brainstorming exercise followed by participant reactions to contrasting design options for communicating with smokers, providing social support, and incentivizing program use. Participants rated the importance of preselected design features on an exit survey. Qualitative analyses examined emergent discussion themes and quantitative analyses compared feature ratings to determine which were perceived as most important. Results Participants preferred a highly personalized and adaptive mHealth experience. Their ideal mHealth quit-smoking tool would allow personalized tracking of their progress, adaptively tailored feedback, and real-time peer support to help manage smoking cravings. Based on qualitative analysis of focus group discussion, participants preferred pull messages (ie, delivered upon request) over push messages (ie, sent automatically) and preferred interaction with other smokers through closed social networks. Preferences for entertaining games or other rewarding incentives to encourage program use differed by age group. Based on quantitative analysis of surveys, participants rated the importance of select design features significantly differently (P<.001). Design features rated as most important included personalized content, the ability to track one’s progress, and features designed to help manage nicotine withdrawal and medication side effects. Design features rated least important were quit-smoking videos and posting on social media. Communicating with stop-smoking experts was rated more important than communicating with family and friends about quitting (P=.03). Perceived importance of various design features varied by age, experience with technology, and frequency of smoking. Conclusions Future mHealth cessation aids should be designed with an understanding of smokers’ needs and preferences for these tools. Doing so does not guarantee treatment effectiveness, but balancing user preferences with best-practice treatment considerations could enhance program adoption and improve treatment outcomes. Grounded in the perspectives of smokers, we identify several design considerations, which should be prioritized when designing future mHealth cessation tools and which warrant additional empirical validation.
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Gruver RS, Bishop-Gilyard CT, Lieberman A, Gerdes M, Virudachalam S, Suh AW, Kalra GK, Magge SN, Shults J, Schreiner MS, Power TJ, Berkowitz RI, Fiks AG. A Social Media Peer Group Intervention for Mothers to Prevent Obesity and Promote Healthy Growth from Infancy: Development and Pilot Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2016; 5:e159. [PMID: 27485934 PMCID: PMC4987492 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.5276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence increasingly indicates that childhood obesity prevention efforts should begin as early as infancy. However, few interventions meet the needs of families whose infants are at increased obesity risk due to factors including income and maternal body mass index (BMI). Social media peer groups may offer a promising new way to provide these families with the knowledge, strategies, and support they need to adopt obesity prevention behaviors. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to develop and pilot test a Facebook-based peer group intervention for mothers, designed to prevent pediatric obesity and promote health beginning in infancy. METHODS We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 29 mothers of infants and focus groups with 30 pediatric clinicians, to inform the development of a theory-based intervention. We then conducted a single-group pilot trial with 8 mothers to assess its feasibility and acceptability. All participants were recruited offline at pediatric primary care practices. Participants in the pilot trial joined a private Facebook group, moderated by a psychologist, with a weekly video-based curriculum, and also had the option to meet at a face-to-face event. Within the Facebook group, mothers were encouraged to chat, ask questions, and share photos and videos of themselves and babies practicing healthy behaviors. Consistent with the literature on obesity prevention, the curriculum addressed infant feeding, sleep, activity, and maternal well-being. Feasibility was assessed using the frequency and content of group participation by mothers, and acceptability was measured using online surveys and phone interviews. RESULTS Based on preferences of mothers interviewed (mean BMI 35 kg/m(2), all Medicaid-insured, mean age 27, all Black), we designed the intervention to include frequent posts with new information, videos showing parents of infants demonstrating healthy behaviors, and an optional face-to-face meeting. We developed a privacy and safety plan that met the needs of participants as well as the requirements of the local institutional review board (IRB), which included use of a "secret" group and frequent screening of participant posts. Clinicians, 97% (29/30) women and 87% (26/30) pediatricians, preferred no direct involvement in the intervention, but were supportive of their patients' participation. In our 8-week, single group pilot trial, all participants (mean BMI 35 kg/m(2), all Medicaid-insured, mean age 28, all Black) viewed every weekly video post, and interacted frequently, with a weekly average of 4.4 posts/comments from each participant. All participant posts were related to parenting topics. Participants initiated conversations about behaviors related to healthy infant growth including solid food introduction, feeding volume, and managing stress. All 8 pilot group participants reported that they found the group helpful and would recommend it to others. CONCLUSIONS Our methodology was feasible and acceptable to low-income mothers of infants at high risk of obesity, and could be adapted to implement peer groups through social media for underserved populations in varied settings. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01977105; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01977105 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6iMFfOBat).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Gruver
- Division of General Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Realising the technological promise of smartphones in addiction research and treatment: An ethical review. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2016; 36:47-57. [PMID: 27455467 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smartphone technologies and mHealth applications (or apps) promise unprecedented scope for data collection, treatment intervention, and relapse prevention when used in the field of substance abuse and addiction. This potential also raises new ethical challenges that researchers, clinicians, and software developers must address. AIMS This paper aims to identify ethical issues in the current uses of smartphones in addiction research and treatment. METHODS A search of three databases (PubMed, Web of Science and PsycInfo) identified 33 studies involving smartphones or mHealth applications for use in the research and treatment of substance abuse and addiction. A content analysis was conducted to identify how smartphones are being used in these fields and to highlight the ethical issues raised by these studies. RESULTS Smartphones are being used to collect large amounts of sensitive information, including personal information, geo-location, physiological activity, self-reports of mood and cravings, and the consumption of illicit drugs, alcohol and nicotine. Given that detailed information is being collected about potentially illegal behaviour, we identified the following ethical considerations: protecting user privacy, maximising equity in access, ensuring informed consent, providing participants with adequate clinical resources, communicating clinically relevant results to individuals, and the urgent need to demonstrate evidence of safety and efficacy of the technologies. CONCLUSIONS mHealth technology offers the possibility to collect large amounts of valuable personal information that may enhance research and treatment of substance abuse and addiction. To realise this potential researchers, clinicians and app-developers must address these ethical concerns to maximise the benefits and minimise risks of harm to users.
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Das S, Tonelli M, Ziedonis D. Update on Smoking Cessation: E-Cigarettes, Emerging Tobacco Products Trends, and New Technology-Based Interventions. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2016; 18:51. [PMID: 27040275 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-016-0681-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco use disorders (TUDs) continue to be overly represented in patients treated in mental health and addiction treatment settings. It is the most common substance use disorder (SUD) and the leading cause of health disparities and increased morbidity/mortality amongst individuals with a psychiatric disorder. There are seven Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved medications and excellent evidence-based psychosocial treatment interventions to use in TUD treatment. In the past few years, access to and use of other tobacco or nicotine emerging products are on the rise, including the highly publicized electronic cigarette (e-cigarette). There has also been a proliferation of technology-based interventions to support standard TUD treatment, including mobile apps and web-based interventions. These tools are easily accessed 24/7 to support outpatient treatment. This update will review the emerging products and counter-measure intervention technologies, including how clinicians can integrate these tools and other community-based resources into their practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Das
- Department of Psychiatry, Substance Abuse Programs, San Francisco VA Medical Center (116-C), University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
| | - Makenzie Tonelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Douglas Ziedonis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School/UMass Memorial Health Care, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
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Pagoto S, Waring ME, May CN, Ding EY, Kunz WH, Hayes R, Oleski JL. Adapting Behavioral Interventions for Social Media Delivery. J Med Internet Res 2016; 18:e24. [PMID: 26825969 PMCID: PMC4752690 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.5086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients are increasingly using online social networks (ie, social media) to connect with other patients and health care professionals--a trend called peer-to-peer health care. Because online social networks provide a means for health care professionals to communicate with patients, and for patients to communicate with each other, an opportunity exists to use social media as a modality to deliver behavioral interventions. Social media-delivered behavioral interventions have the potential to reduce the expense of behavioral interventions by eliminating visits, as well as increase our access to patients by becoming embedded in their social media feeds. Trials of online social network-delivered behavioral interventions have shown promise, but much is unknown about intervention development and methodology. In this paper, we discuss the process by which investigators can translate behavioral interventions for social media delivery. We present a model that describes the steps and decision points in this process, including the necessary training and reporting requirements. We also discuss issues pertinent to social media-delivered interventions, including cost, scalability, and privacy. Finally, we identify areas of research that are needed to optimize this emerging behavioral intervention modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Pagoto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.
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