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Liu TT, Xu HH, Liu ZJ, Zhang HP, Zhou HT, Zhu ZX, Wang ZQ, Xue JY, Li Q, Ma Y, You HJ, Luo DL. Downregulated calmodulin expression contributes to endothelial cell impairment in diabetes. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:2492-2503. [PMID: 37468692 PMCID: PMC10692162 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction, a central hallmark of cardiovascular pathogenesis in diabetes mellitus, is characterized by impaired endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and NO bioavailability. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here in this study, we aimed to identify the role of calmodulin (CaM) in diabetic eNOS dysfunction. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells and murine endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) treated with high glucose (HG) exhibited downregulated CaM mRNA/protein and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression with impeded eNOS phosphorylation and cell migration/tube formation. These perturbations were reduplicated in CALM1-knockdown cells but prevented in CALM1-overexpressing cells. EPCs from type 2 diabetes animals behaved similarly to HG-treated normal EPCs, which could be rescued by CALM1-gene transduction. Consistently, diabetic animals displayed impaired eNOS phosphorylation, endothelium-dependent dilation, and CaM expression in the aorta, as well as deficient physical interaction of CaM and eNOS in the gastrocnemius. Local CALM1 gene delivery into a diabetic mouse ischemic hindlimb improved the blunted limb blood perfusion and gastrocnemius angiogenesis, and foot injuries. Diabetic patients showed insufficient foot microvascular autoregulation, eNOS phosphorylation, and NO production with downregulated CaM expression in the arterial endothelium, and abnormal CALM1 transcription in genome-wide sequencing analysis. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that downregulated CaM expression is responsible for endothelium dysfunction and angiogenesis impairment in diabetes, and provided a novel mechanism and target to protect against diabetic endothelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases Related to Metabolic Disturbance, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Huan-Huan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases Related to Metabolic Disturbance, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ze-Juan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases Related to Metabolic Disturbance, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - He-Ping Zhang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100065, China
| | - Hai-Tao Zhou
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, and Peaking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhu
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, and Peaking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases Related to Metabolic Disturbance, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jing-Yi Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases Related to Metabolic Disturbance, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases Related to Metabolic Disturbance, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yi Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases Related to Metabolic Disturbance, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hong-Jie You
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases Related to Metabolic Disturbance, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Da-Li Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases Related to Metabolic Disturbance, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Zhang H, Hao J, Hong H, Gu W, Li Z, Sun J, Zhan H, Wei X, Zhou L. Redox signaling regulates the skeletal tissue development and regeneration. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37043672 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2199244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal tissue development and regeneration in mammals are intricate, multistep, and highly regulated processes. Various signaling pathways have been implicated in the regulation of these processes, including redox. Redox signaling is the signal transduction by electron transfer reactions involving free radicals or related species. Redox homeostasis is essential to cell metabolic states, as the ROS not only regulates cell biological processes but also mediates physiological processes. Following a bone fracture, redox signaling is also triggered to regulate bone healing and regeneration by targeting resident stromal cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and endothelial cells. This review will focus on how the redox signaling impact the bone development and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - HaiPing Hong
- FangTa Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Songjiang Branch, Shanghai, East China, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jun Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoen Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
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Jiang W, Zhang J, Yang R, Sun X, Wu H, Zhang J, Liu S, Sun C, Ma L, Han T, Wei W. Association of urinary nitrate with diabetes complication and disease-specific mortality among adults with hyperglycemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 108:1318-1329. [PMID: 36576885 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hyperglycemia condition disrupts the metabolism of nitrate/nitrite and nitric oxide, and dietary nitrate intake can restore nitric oxide homeostasis. This study aims to examine whether urinary nitrate is associated with diabetes complications and long-term survival among people with hyperglycemia. METHODS A total of 6208 people with hyperglycemia who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2014 were enrolled. Diabetes complications included congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina, stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetic retinopathy, and nephropathy. Mortality wasobtained from the National Death Index until 2015. Urinary nitrate was measured by ion chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry, which was log-transformed and categized into tertiles. Logistic regression models and cox proportional hazards models were respectively performed to assess the association of urinary nitrate with the risk of diabetes complications and disease-specific mortalities. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounders including urinary perchlorate and thiocyanate, compared with the participants in the lowest tertile of nitrate, the participants in the highest tertile had lower risks of congestive heart failure(odd-ratio[OR] = 0.41, 95%CI:0.27-0.60) and diabetic nephropathy(OR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.41-0.62). Meanwhile, during a total follow-up of 41,463 person-year, the participants in the highest tertile had lower mortality risk of all-cause(hazard-ratio[HR] = 0.78, 95%CI:0.62-0.97), cardiovascular disease(CVD)(HR = 0.56, 95%CI:0.37-0.84) and diabetes(HR = 0.47, 95%CI:0.24-0.90), which showed dose-dependent linear relationships(P for non-linearity > 0.05). Moreover, no association between nitrate and cancer mortality was observed(HR = 1.13, 95%CI:0.71-1.80). CONCLUSIONS Higher urinary nitrate is associated with lower risk of congestive heart failure and diabetic nephropathy, and lower risk of all-cause, CVD, and diabetes mortalities. These findings indicated that inorganic nitrate supplementation can be considered as a supplementary treatment for people with hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R.China
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R.China
| | - Ruiming Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R.China
| | - Xinyi Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R.China
| | - Huanyu Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R.China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R.China
| | - Siyao Liu
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN
| | - Changhao Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R.China
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R.China
| | - Tianshu Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R.China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R.China
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P.R.China
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Xia W, Li X, Wu Q, Xu A, Zhang L, Xia Z. The importance of caveolin as a target in the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:951381. [PMID: 36405687 PMCID: PMC9666770 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.951381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The diabetic population has been increasing in the past decades and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a pathology that is defined by the presence of cardiac remodeling and dysfunction without conventional cardiac risk factors such as hypertension and coronary heart diseases, would eventually lead to fatal heart failure in the absence of effective treatment. Impaired insulin signaling, commonly known as insulin resistance, plays an important role in the development of DCM. A family of integral membrane proteins named caveolins (mainly caveolin-1 and caveolin-3 in the myocardium) and a protein hormone adiponectin (APN) have all been shown to be important for maintaining normal insulin signaling. Abnormalities in caveolins and APN have respectively been demonstrated to cause DCM. This review aims to summarize recent research findings of the roles and mechanisms of caveolins and APN in the development of DCM, and also explore the possible interplay between caveolins and APN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liangqing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Feng ZH, Chen J, Yuan PT, Ji ZY, Tao SY, Zheng L, Wei XA, Zheng ZY, Zheng BJ, Chen B, Chen J, Zhao FD. Urolithin A Promotes Angiogenesis and Tissue Regeneration in a Full-Thickness Cutaneous Wound Model. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:806284. [PMID: 35359856 PMCID: PMC8964070 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.806284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of chronic wound is an important topic of current clinical issue. Neovascularization plays a crucial role in skin wound healing by delivering fresh nutrients and oxygen to the wound area. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of urolithin A (UA) in angiogenesis during wound healing. The results of in vitro experiments showed that treatment with UA (5–20 μM) promoted the proliferation, migration, and angiogenic capacity of HUVECs. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of UA in vivo using a full-thickness skin wound model. Subsequently, we found that UA promoted the regeneration of new blood vessels, which is consistent with the results of accelerated angiogenesis in vitro experiments. After UA treatment, the blood vessels in the wound are rapidly formed, and the deposition and remodeling process of the collagen matrix is also accelerated, which ultimately promotes the effective wound healing. Mechanistic studies have shown that UA promotes angiogenesis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway. Our study provides evidence that UA can promote angiogenesis and skin regeneration in chronic wounds, especially ischemic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-hua Feng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pu-tao Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-yin Ji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Si-yue Tao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-an Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ze-yu Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing-jie Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
- *Correspondence: Feng-dong Zhao, ; Jian Chen, ; Bin Chen,
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Feng-dong Zhao, ; Jian Chen, ; Bin Chen,
| | - Feng-dong Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Feng-dong Zhao, ; Jian Chen, ; Bin Chen,
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Qi X, Ricart K, Ahmed KA, Patel RP, Boulton ME. Supplemental nitrite increases choroidal neovascularization in mice. Nitric Oxide 2021; 117:7-15. [PMID: 34537345 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Low doses of nitrite, close to physiological levels, increase blood flow in normal and ischemic tissues through a nitric oxide (NO) dependent mechanism. Given that nitrite therapy and dietary supplementation with vegetables high in nitrate (e.g. beets) are gaining popularity we decided to determine if low doses of nitrite impact the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), a key feature of wet age related macular degeneration (AMD). Sodium nitrite (at 50 mg/L, 150 mg/L, and 300 mg/L), nitrate (1 g/L) or water alone were provided in the drinking water of C57BL/6 J mice aged 2 or 12 months. Mice were allowed to drink ad libitum for 1 week at which time laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (L-CNV) was induced. The mice continued to drink the supplemented water ad libitum for a further 14 days at which point optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed to determine the volume of the CNV lesion. Blood was drawn to determine nitrite and nitrate levels and eyes taken for histology. CNV volume was 2.86 × 107 μm3 (±0.4 × 107) in young mice on water alone but CNV volume more than doubled to >6.9 × 107 μm3 (±0.8 × 107) in mice receiving 300 mg/L nitrite or 7.34 × 107 μm3 (±1.4 × 107) in 1 g/L nitrate (p < 0.01). A similar trend was observed in older mice. CNV volume was 5.3 × 107 μm3 (±0.5 × 107) in older mice on water alone but CNV volume almost doubled to approximately 9.3 × 107 μm3 (±1.1 × 107) in mice receiving 300 mg/L nitrite or 8.7 × 107 μm3 (±0.9 × 107) 1 g/L nitrate (p < 0.01). Plasma nitrite levels were highest in young mice receiving 150 mg/L in the drinking water with no changes in plasma nitrate observed. In older mice, drinking water nitrite did not significantly change plasma nitrite, but plasma nitrate was increased. Plasma nitrate was elevated in both young and old mice provided with nitrate supplemented drinking water. Our data demonstrate that the CNV lesion is larger in older mice compared to young and that therapeutic levels of oral nitrite increase the volume of CNV lesions in both young and older mice. Therapeutic nitrite or nitrate supplementation should be used with caution in the elderly population prone to CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Qi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Karina Ricart
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Khandaker A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Rakesh P Patel
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Michael E Boulton
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Gebremendhin D, Lindemer B, Weihrauch D, Harder DR, Lohr NL. Electromagnetic energy (670 nm) stimulates vasodilation through activation of the large conductance potassium channel (BKCa). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257896. [PMID: 34610026 PMCID: PMC8491904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a highly morbid condition in which impaired blood flow to the limbs leads to pain and tissue loss. Previously we identified 670 nm electromagnetic energy (R/NIR) to increase nitric oxide levels in cells and tissue. NO elicits relaxation of smooth muscle (SMC) by stimulating potassium efflux and membrane hyperpolarization. The actions of energy on ion channel activity have yet to be explored. Here we hypothesized R/NIR stimulates vasodilation through activation of potassium channels in SMC. METHODS Femoral arteries or facial arteries from C57Bl/6 and Slo1-/- mice were isolated, pressurized to 60 mmHg, pre-constricted with U46619, and irradiated twice with energy R/NIR (10 mW/cm2 for 5 min) with a 10 min dark period between irradiations. Single-channel K+ currents were recorded at room temperature from cell-attached and excised inside-out membrane patches of freshly isolated mouse femoral arterial muscle cells using the patch-clamp technique. RESULTS R/NIR stimulated vasodilation requires functional activation of the large conductance potassium channels. There is a voltage dependent outward current in SMC with light stimulation, which is due to increases in the open state probability of channel opening. R/NIR modulation of channel opening is eliminated pharmacologically (paxilline) and genetically (BKca α subunit knockout). There is no direct action of light to modulate channel activity as excised patches did not increase the open state probability of channel opening. CONCLUSION R/NIR vasodilation requires indirect activation of the BKca channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debebe Gebremendhin
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Brian Lindemer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Clement J Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Dorothee Weihrauch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - David R. Harder
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Clement J Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Nicole L. Lohr
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Clement J Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Barui AK, Nethi SK, Basuthakur P, Jhelum P, Bollu VS, Reddy BR, Chakravarty S, Patra CR. Therapeutic angiogenesis using zinc oxide nanoflowers for the treatment of hind limb ischemia in rat model. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 33657534 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abebd1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is considered as a severe type of peripheral artery diseases (PADs) which occurs due to the inadequate supply of blood to the limb extremities. CLI patients often suffer from extreme cramping pain, impaired wound healing, immobility, cardiovascular complications, amputation of the affected limb and even death. The conventional therapy for the treatment of CLI includes surgical revascularization as well as restoring angiogenesis using growth factor therapy. However, surgical revascularization is suitable for only a minor percentage of CLI patients and it is associated with high perioperative mortality rate. The use of growth factors is also limited in terms of their poor therapeutic angiogenesis potential as observed by the earlier clinical studies, which could be attributed to their poor bio-availability and non-specificity issues. Therefore, to outweigh the aforesaid disadvantages of the conventional strategies, there is an utmost need for the advancement of new alternative therapeutic biomaterials to treat CLI. Since past few decades, various research groups including ours have been involved in developing different pro-angiogenic nanomaterials. Among them, zinc oxide nanoflowers (ZONF), established in our laboratory, are considered as one of the potent nanoparticles to induce therapeutic angiogenesis. In our earlier studies, we have depicted that ZONF promote angiogenesis by inducing the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) as well as activating Akt/MAPK/eNOS cell signaling pathways in the endothelial cells. Recently, we have also reported the therapeutic potential of ZONF to treat cerebral ischemia through their neuritogenic and neuroprotective properties, exploiting angio-neural cross talk. Considering the excellent pro-angiogenic properties of ZONF and importance of revascularization for the recovery of CLI, in this present study, we have comprehensively explored the therapeutic potential of ZONF in a rat hind limb ischemia model (established by ligating the femoral artery of hind limb), an animal model that mimics CLI in humans. The behavioural studies, laser Doppler perfusion imaging, histopathology, immunofluorescence as well as estimation of serum NO level depicted that the administration of ZONF could ameliorate the ischemic conditions in rats at a faster rate by promoting therapeutic angiogenesis to the ischemic sites. Altogether, the present study offers an alternative nanomedicine approach employing ZONF for the treatment of PADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Kumar Barui
- Biomaterials Group, LST division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad-500007, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, INDIA
| | - Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Biomaterials Group, LST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, AP, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500007, INDIA
| | - Papia Basuthakur
- Biomaterials Group, LST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, AP, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500007, INDIA
| | - Priya Jhelum
- Biomaterials Group, LST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, AP, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500007, INDIA
| | - Vishnu Sravan Bollu
- Biomaterials Group, LST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, AP, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500007, INDIA
| | - Bommana Raghunath Reddy
- Biomaterials Group, LST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, AP, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500007, INDIA
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Biomaterials Group, LST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, AP, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500007, INDIA
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Biomaterials Group, LST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, AP, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500007, INDIA
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Watts M, Kolluru GK, Dherange P, Pardue S, Si M, Shen X, Trosclair K, Glawe J, Al-Yafeai Z, Iqbal M, Pearson BH, Hamilton KA, Orr AW, Glasscock E, Kevil CG, Dominic P. Decreased bioavailability of hydrogen sulfide links vascular endothelium and atrial remodeling in atrial fibrillation. Redox Biol 2020; 38:101817. [PMID: 33310503 PMCID: PMC7732878 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress drives the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia. In the cardiovascular system, cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) serves as the primary enzyme producing hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a mammalian gasotransmitter that reduces oxidative stress. Using a case control study design in patients with and without AF and a mouse model of CSE knockout (CSE-KO), we evaluated the role of H2S in the etiology of AF. Patients with AF (n = 51) had significantly reduced plasma acid labile sulfide levels compared to patients without AF (n = 65). In addition, patients with persistent AF (n = 25) showed lower plasma free sulfide levels compared to patients with paroxysmal AF (n = 26). Consistent with an important role for H2S in AF, CSE-KO mice had decreased atrial sulfide levels, increased atrial superoxide levels, and enhanced propensity for induced persistent AF compared to wild type (WT) mice. Rescuing H2S signaling in CSE-KO mice by Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) supplementation or reconstitution with endothelial cell specific CSE over-expression significantly reduced atrial superoxide, increased sulfide levels, and lowered AF inducibility. Lastly, low H2S levels in CSE KO mice was associated with atrial electrical remodeling including longer effective refractory periods, slower conduction velocity, increased myocyte calcium sparks, and increased myocyte action potential duration that were reversed by DATS supplementation or endothelial CSE overexpression. Our findings demonstrate an important role of CSE and H2S bioavailability in regulating electrical remodeling and susceptibility to AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Watts
- The Departments of Medicine, And Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Gopi K Kolluru
- The Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Cellular Biology and Anatomy And Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Parinita Dherange
- The Departments of Medicine, And Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Sibile Pardue
- The Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Cellular Biology and Anatomy And Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Man Si
- The Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy and Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States; The Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xinggui Shen
- The Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Cellular Biology and Anatomy And Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Krystle Trosclair
- The Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy and Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States; The Department of Neurosurgery and Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - John Glawe
- The Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Cellular Biology and Anatomy And Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Zaki Al-Yafeai
- The Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Cellular Biology and Anatomy And Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Mazen Iqbal
- The Departments of Medicine, And Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Brenna H Pearson
- The Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Cellular Biology and Anatomy And Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Kathryn A Hamilton
- The Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy and Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - A Wayne Orr
- The Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Cellular Biology and Anatomy And Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Edward Glasscock
- The Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy and Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States; The Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- The Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Cellular Biology and Anatomy And Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Paari Dominic
- The Departments of Medicine, And Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Louisiana, United States.
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10
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Dong X, He Z, Xiang G, Cai L, Xu Z, Mao C, Feng Y. Paeoniflorin promotes angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in a full-thickness cutaneous wound model through the PI3K/AKT pathway. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9933-9945. [PMID: 32542807 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of wounds remains a clinical challenge because of poor angiogenesis under the wound bed, and increasingly, the patients' need for functional and aesthetically pleasing scars. For the wound healing process, new blood vessels which can deliver nutrients and oxygen to the wound area are necessary. In this study, we investigated the pro-angiogenesis ability and mechanism in wound healing of paeoniflorin (PF), which is a traditional Chinese medicine. In our in vitro results, the ability for proliferation, migration and in vitro angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells was promoted by coculturing with PF (1.25-5 μM). Meanwhile, molecular docking studies revealed that PF has excellent binding abilities to phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT), and consistent with our western blot results, that PF suppressed PI3K and AKT phosphorylation. Furthermore, to investigate the healing effect of PF in vivo, we constructed a full-thickness cutaneous wound model in rats. PF stimulated the cellular proliferation status, collagen matrix deposition and remodeling processes in vitro and new blood vessel formation at the wound bed resulting in efficient wound healing after intragastric administration of 10 mg·kg-1 ·day-1 in vivo. Overall, PF performed the pro-angiogenetic effect in vitro and accelerating wound healing in vivo. In summary, the capacity for angiogenesis in endothelial cells could be enhanced by PF treatment via the PI3K/AKT pathway in vitro and could accelerate the wound healing process in vivo through collagen deposition and angiogenesis in regenerated tissue. This study provides evidence that application of PF represents a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of cutaneous wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zili He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guangheng Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Leyi Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhenjiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Cong Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongzeng Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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11
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Gomes de Almeida Schirmer B, Crucet M, Stivala S, Vucicevic G, da Silva Barcelos L, Vanhoutte PM, Pellegrini G, Camici GG, Seebeck P, Pfundstein S, Stein S, Paneni F, Lüscher TF, Simic B. The NO-donor MPC-1011 stimulates angiogenesis and arteriogenesis and improves hindlimb ischemia via a cGMP-dependent pathway involving VEGF and SDF-1α. Atherosclerosis 2020; 304:30-38. [PMID: 32574829 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality with little effective medical treatment currently available. Nitric oxide (NO) is crucially involved in organ perfusion, tissue protection and angiogenesis. METHODS We hypothesized that a novel NO-donor, MPC-1011, might elicit vasodilation, angiogenesis and arteriogenesis and in turn improve limb perfusion, in a hindlimb ischemia model. Hindlimb ischemia was induced by femoral artery ligation in Sprague-Dawley rats, which were randomized to receive either placebo, MPC-1011, cilostazol or both, up to 28 days. Limb blood flow was assessed by laser Doppler imaging. RESULTS After femoral artery occlusion, limb perfusion in rats receiving MPC-1011 alone or in combination with cilostazol was increased throughout the treatment regimen. Capillary density and the number of arterioles was increased only with MPC-1011. MPC-1011 improved vascular remodeling by increasing luminal diameter in the ischemic limb. Moreover, MPC-1011 stimulated the release of proangiogenic cytokines, including VEGF, SDF1α and increased tissue cGMP levels, reduced platelet activation and aggregation, potentiated proliferation and migration of endothelial cells which was blunted in the presence of soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor LY83583. In MPC-1011-treated rats, Lin-/CD31+/CXCR4+ cells were increased by 92.0% and Lin-/VEGFR2+/CXCR4+ cells by 76.8% as compared to placebo. CONCLUSIONS Here we show that the NO donor, MPC-1011, is a specific promoter of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis in a hindlimb ischemia model in an NO-cGMP-VEGF- dependent manner. This sets the basis to evaluate and confirm the efficacy of such therapy in a clinical setting in patients with PAD and impaired limb perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigida Gomes de Almeida Schirmer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Margot Crucet
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simona Stivala
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Goran Vucicevic
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Paul M Vanhoutte
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Giovanni Pellegrini
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra Seebeck
- Zurich Integrative Rodent Physiology-ZIRP, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Svende Pfundstein
- Zurich Integrative Rodent Physiology-ZIRP, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sokrates Stein
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Foundation for Cardiovascular Research, Zurich Heart House, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Branko Simic
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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12
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Gheibi S, Samsonov AP, Gheibi S, Vazquez AB, Kashfi K. Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism by nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide: Implications in diabetes. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 176:113819. [PMID: 31972170 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are two gasotransmitters that are produced in the human body and have a key role in many of the physiological activities of the various organ systems. Decreased NO bioavailability and deficiency of H2S are involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and its complications. Restoration of NO levels have favorable metabolic effects in diabetes. The role of H2S in pathophysiology of diabetes is however controversial; H2S production is decreased during development of obesity, diabetes, and its complications, suggesting the potential therapeutic effects of H2S. On the other hand, increased H2S levels disturb the pancreatic β-cell function and decrease insulin secretion. In addition, there appear to be important interactions between NO and H2S at the levels of both biosynthesis and signaling pathways, yet clear an insight into this relationship is lacking. H2S potentiates the effects of NO in the cardiovascular system as well as NO release from its storage pools. Likewise, NO increases the activity and the expression of H2S-generating enzymes. Inhibition of NO production leads to elimination/attenuation of the cardioprotective effects of H2S. Regarding the increasing interest in the therapeutic applications of NO or H2S-releasing molecules in a variety of diseases, particularly in the cardiovascular disorders, much is to be learned about their function in glucose/insulin metabolism, especially in diabetes. The aim of this review is to provide a better understanding of the individual and the interactive roles of NO and H2S in carbohydrate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Gheibi
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Alan P Samsonov
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shahsanam Gheibi
- Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Alexandra B Vazquez
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, NY, USA.
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13
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Targeting endothelial thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) protects from metabolic disorder-related impairment of vascular function and post-ischemic revascularisation. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:249-264. [PMID: 31900750 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-019-09704-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is involved in a variety of biological functions, the contribution of endothelial TXNIP has not been well-defined in regards to endothelial and vascular function or in post-ischemic revascularisation. We postulated that inhibition of endothelial TXNIP with siRNA or in a Cre-LoxP system could be involved in protection from high fat, high protein, low carbohydrate (HFHPLC) diet-induced oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, leading to vascular damage and impaired revascularisation in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS To investigate the role of endothelial TXNIP, the TXNIP gene was deleted in endothelial cells using anti-TXNIP siRNA treatment or the Cre-LoxP system. Murine models were fed a HFHPLC diet, known to induce metabolic disorders. Endothelial TXNIP targeting resulted in protection against metabolic disorder-related endothelial oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. This protective effect mitigates media cell loss induced by metabolic disorders and hampered metabolic disorder-related vascular dysfunction assessed by aortic reactivity and distensibility. In aortic ring cultures, metabolic disorders impaired vessel sprouting and this alteration was alleviated by deletion of endothelial TXNIP. When subjected to ischemia, mice fed a HFHPLC diet exhibited defective post-ischemic angiogenesis and impaired blood flow recovery in hind limb ischemia. However, reducing endothelial TXNIP rescued metabolic disorder-related impairment of ischemia-induced revascularisation. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results show that targeting endothelial TXNIP in metabolic disorders is essential to maintaining endothelial function, vascular function and improving ischemia-induced revascularisation, making TXNIP a potential therapeutic target for therapy of vascular complications related to metabolic disorders.
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14
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Wang M, Sui J, Wang S, Wang X. Correlations of carotid intima-media thickness with endothelial function and atherosclerosis degree in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 72:431-439. [PMID: 31006671 DOI: 10.3233/ch-180486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minxin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Jingshu Sui
- Department of Ultrasound, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, China
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15
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Chen YJ, Wu SC, Wang HC, Wu TH, Yuan SSF, Lu TT, Liaw WF, Wang YM. Activation of Angiogenesis and Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice Using NO-Delivery Dinitrosyl Iron Complexes. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4241-4251. [PMID: 31436106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In diabetes, abnormal angiogenesis due to hyperglycemia and endothelial dysfunction impairs wound healing and results in high risks of diabetic foot ulcers and mortality. Alternative therapeutic methods were attempted to prevent diabetic complications through the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. In this study, direct application of nitric oxide using dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) to promote angiogenesis and wound healing under physiological conditions and in diabetic mice is investigated. Based on in vitro and in vivo studies, DNIC [Fe2(μ-SCH2CH2OH)2(NO)4] (DNIC-1) with a sustainable NO-release reactivity (t1/2 = 27.4 ± 0.5 h at 25 °C and 16.8 ± 1.8 h at 37 °C) activates the NO-sGC-cGMP pathway and displays the best pro-angiogenesis activity overwhelming other NO donors and the vascular endothelial growth factor. Moreover, this pro-angiogenesis effect of DNIC-1 restores the impaired angiogenesis in the ischemic hind limb and accelerates the recovery rate of wound closure in diabetic mice. This study translates synthetic DNIC-1 into a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetes and highlights its sustainable •NO-release reactivity on the activation of angiogenesis and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hsiang-Ching Wang
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories , Industrial Technology Research Institute , Hsinchu 310 , Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ho Wu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Division of Surgical Critical Care, Department of Critical Care Medicine , Veterans General Hospital , Kaohsiung 813 , Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Translational Research Center and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung 807 , Taiwan
| | | | | | - Yun-Ming Wang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung 807 , Taiwan
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16
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Cui H, Wang Y, Feng Y, Li X, Bu L, Pang B, Jia M. Dietary nitrate protects skin flap against ischemia injury in rats via enhancing blood perfusion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:44-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Rajendran S, Shen X, Glawe J, Kolluru GK, Kevil CG. Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Regulation of Ischemic Vascular Growth and Remodeling. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:1213-1247. [PMID: 31187898 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic vascular remodeling occurs in response to stenosis or arterial occlusion leading to a change in blood flow and tissue perfusion. Altered blood flow elicits a cascade of molecular and cellular physiological responses leading to vascular remodeling of the macro- and micro-circulation. Although cellular mechanisms of vascular remodeling such as arteriogenesis and angiogenesis have been studied, therapeutic approaches in these areas have had limited success due to the complexity and heterogeneous constellation of molecular signaling events regulating these processes. Understanding central molecular players of vascular remodeling should lead to a deeper understanding of this response and aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and nitric oxide (NO) are gaseous signaling molecules that are critically involved in regulating fundamental biochemical and molecular responses necessary for vascular growth and remodeling. This review examines how NO and H2 S regulate pathophysiological mechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, along with important chemical and experimental considerations revealed thus far. The importance of NO and H2 S bioavailability, their synthesis enzymes and cofactors, and genetic variations associated with cardiovascular risk factors suggest that they serve as pivotal regulators of vascular remodeling responses. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:1213-1247, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - John Glawe
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Gopi K Kolluru
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
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18
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Martínez-Ruiz M, Vargas-Robles H, Rios A, Sánchez D, Escalante B. Comparative effects of nitric oxide dependent and independent vasodilation on impaired hindlimb revascularization in eNOS−/− mice. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:377-385. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia due to vascular occlusion induces vasodilation as an initial response, followed by arteriogenesis or angiogenesis. Vasodilation through nitric oxide (NO) independent and dependent mechanisms may be sufficient to restore the altered neovascularization in pathological situations where the NO is altered. Using a posterior limb claudication model to evaluate ischemia-induced revascularization in eNOS−/− mice, we compared the effects of sodium nitrite, a NO-dependent vasodilator, and prazocin, an alpha-adrenergic blocker and NO-independent vasodilator, on hindlimb revascularization. We evaluated the blood flow of the hindlimbs, NO and nitrites metabolites, the expression of tissue endothelial cell markers and proangiogenic factors, as well as the gait locomotion. Our results suggest that the use of a peripheral vasodilator can substitute the initial absence of NO as an endogenous vasodilator. However, final resolution of the ischemic process requires a NO-mediated pathway, which through changes in vascular hemodynamics, promotes the generation of angiogenic messengers facilitating the functional recovery of the damaged limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Martínez-Ruiz
- Unidad Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apodaca, Nuevo León, México
| | - Hilda Vargas-Robles
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, México
| | - Amelia Rios
- Unidad Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apodaca, Nuevo León, México
| | - Daniel Sánchez
- Unidad Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apodaca, Nuevo León, México
| | - Bruno Escalante
- Unidad Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apodaca, Nuevo León, México
- Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, México
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19
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Allitridin [diallyl trisulfide (DATS)] is an extract from garlic (Allium sativum) that putatively improves endothelial function and is protective against cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction after tissue ischemia in diabetic patients is partially due to poor angiogenic response. This study investigated whether DATS may improve angiogenesis in a diabetic mouse model with hind limb ischemia. METHODS Streptozotocin was administered by intraperitoneal injection to establish the model of diabetes in male C57BL/6 mice. After 14 days, nondiabetic and diabetic mice (n = 24, each) underwent unilateral hind limb ischemia by femoral artery ligation. The mice were apportioned to 4 groups: nondiabetic treated (or not) with DATS and diabetic treated (or not) with DATS. DATS treatment consisted of a single daily intraperitoneal injection of 500 μg·kg·d for 14 days, beginning on the day of induced ischemia. Ischemia was scored by standard criteria. Blood perfusion was determined using thermal infrared imaging. Tissue capillary density and oxidative stress levels were measured by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, respectively. Serum lipids were measured by enzymatic colorimetric assay. Fasting serum insulin was detected using an insulin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Nitric oxide (NO) metabolites and protein carbonyls in tissues were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Targeted protein concentrations were measured by western blotting. RESULTS At 14 days after ligation, the ischemic skeletal muscle of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice had lower levels of endothelial NO synthase, phosphorylated endothelial NO synthase, and vascular endothelial growth factor compared with nondiabetic group. In addition, the hind limb blood perfusion, capillary density, and NO bioactivity were lower in the diabetic group, whereas oxidative stress and protein carbonyl levels were higher. These changes were ameliorated by DATS treatment. CONCLUSIONS DATS treatment of diabetic mice promoted revascularization in ischemic tissue.
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20
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Lin X, Wang Q, Sun S, Xu G, Wu Q, Qi M, Bai F, Yu J. Astragaloside IV promotes the eNOS/NO/cGMP pathway and improves left ventricular diastolic function in rats with metabolic syndrome. J Int Med Res 2019; 48:300060519826848. [PMID: 30843445 PMCID: PMC7140221 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519826848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qiongying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shougang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guangli Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Miaomiao Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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DeMartino AW, Kim‐Shapiro DB, Patel RP, Gladwin MT. Nitrite and nitrate chemical biology and signalling. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:228-245. [PMID: 30152056 PMCID: PMC6295445 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic nitrate (NO3 - ), nitrite (NO2 - ) and NO are nitrogenous species with a diverse and interconnected chemical biology. The formation of NO from nitrate and nitrite via a reductive 'nitrate-nitrite-NO' pathway and resulting in vasodilation is now an established complementary route to traditional NOS-derived vasodilation. Nitrate, found in our diet and abundant in mammalian tissues and circulation, is activated via reduction to nitrite predominantly by our commensal oral microbiome. The subsequent in vivo reduction of nitrite, a stable vascular reserve of NO, is facilitated by a number of haem-containing and molybdenum-cofactor proteins. NO generation from nitrite is enhanced during physiological and pathological hypoxia and in disease states involving ischaemia-reperfusion injury. As such, modulation of these NO vascular repositories via exogenously supplied nitrite and nitrate has been evaluated as a therapeutic approach in a number of diseases. Ultimately, the chemical biology of nitrate and nitrite is governed by local concentrations, reaction equilibrium constants, and the generation of transient intermediates, with kinetic rate constants modulated at differing physiological pH values and oxygen tensions. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Nitric Oxide 20 Years from the 1998 Nobel Prize. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.2/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony W DeMartino
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Daniel B. Kim‐Shapiro
- Department of PhysicsWake Forest UniversityWinston‐SalemNCUSA
- Translational Science CenterWake Forest UniversityWinston‐SalemNCUSA
| | - Rakesh P Patel
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
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Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), generated from L-arginine and oxygen by NO synthases, is a pleiotropic signaling molecule involved in cardiovascular and metabolic regulation. More recently, an alternative pathway for the formation of this free radical has been explored. The inorganic anions nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-), originating from dietary and endogenous sources, generate NO bioactivity in a process involving seemingly symbiotic oral bacteria and host enzymes in blood and tissues. The described cardio-metabolic effects of dietary nitrate from experimental and clinical studies include lowering of blood pressure, improved endothelial function, increased exercise performance, and reversal of metabolic syndrome, as well as antidiabetic effects. The mechanisms underlying the salutary metabolic effects of nitrate are being revealed and include interaction with mitochondrial respiration, activation of key metabolic regulatory pathways, and reduction of oxidative stress. Here we review the recent advances in the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, focusing on metabolic effects in health and disease.
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Asperosaponin VI promotes angiogenesis and accelerates wound healing in rats via up-regulating HIF-1α/VEGF signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:393-404. [PMID: 29219948 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound therapy remains a clinical challenge due to the complexity of healing pathology and high demand of achieving functional and aesthetically satisfactory scars. Newly formed blood vessels are essential for tissue repair since they can support cells at the wound site with nutrition and oxygen. In this study, we investigated the effects of Asperosaponin VI (ASA VI) isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine, the root of Dipsacus asper Wall, in promoting angiogenesis, as well as its function in wound therapeutics. Treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with ASA VI (20-80 μg/mL) dose-dependently promoted the proliferation, migration and enhanced their angiogenic ability in vitro, which were associated with the up-regulated HIF-1α/VEGF signaling. Full-thickness cutaneous wound model rats were injected with ASA VI (20 mg·kg-1·d-1, iv) for 21 d. Administration of ASA VI significantly promoted the cutaneous wound healing, and more blood vessels were observed in the regenerated tissue. Due to rapid vascularization, the cellular proliferation status, granulation tissue formation, collagen matrix deposition and remodeling processes were all accelerated, resulting in efficient wound healing. In summary, ASA VI promotes angiogenesis of HUVECs in vitro via up-regulating the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway, and efficiently enhances the vascularization in regenerated tissue and facilitates wound healing in vivo. The results reveal that ASA VI is a potential therapeutic for vessel injury-related wounds.
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Wang C, Zhang Z, Xu T, Lou Y, Wang Q, Jin H, Zhang L, Feng Y, Xu H, Mao C. Upregulating mTOR/ERK signaling with leonurine for promoting angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in a full-thickness cutaneous wound model. Food Funct 2018; 9:2374-2385. [PMID: 29589609 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01289f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
LN promoted the angiogenesis of endothelial cells by activating the mTOR/ERK pathway, and efficiently enhanced the wound-healing processin vivo.
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Lu ZY, Zhou HS, Su ZX, Qi J, Zhang J, Xue GH, Li Y, Hao CN, Shi YQ, Duan JL. Therapeutic ultrasound plus pulsed electromagnetic field improves recovery from peripheral arterial disease in hypertension. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:4184-4194. [PMID: 28979692 PMCID: PMC5622261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the therapy effect of combined therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) treatment and pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy on angiogenesis in hypertension-related hindlimb ischemia. After subjecting excision of the left femoral artery, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were randomly distributed to one of four groups: SHR; TUS treated SHR (SHR-TUS); PEMF treated SHR (PEMF-TUS); and TUS plus PEMF treated SHR (SHR-TUS-PEMF). Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKYs) with femoral artery excision were regarded as a control group. At day 14 after surgery, the TUS plus PEMF united administration had the greatest blood perfusion accompanied by elevated capillary density and the lowest TUNEL index. Interestingly, the united administration up-regulated the angiogenic factors expression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), anti-apoptotic protein of Bcl-2 and down-regulated pro-apoptotic protein levels of Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 in vivo. Our results demonstrated that the united administration could significantly rescue hypertension-related inhibition of ischemia-induced neovascularization partly by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yang Lu
- Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityKongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Zhou
- Shanghai Acoustics Laboratory, Chinese Academy of ScienceXiaomuqiao Road 456, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Xiao Su
- Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityKongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jia Qi
- Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityKongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai 200092, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityKongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityKongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guan-Hua Xue
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityDongfang Road 1630, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yue Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland20 Penn Street, HSF-2, Room #S112, Baltimore 21201, MD, USA
| | - Chang-Ning Hao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityDongfang Road 1630, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yi-Qin Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityFenglin Road 180, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun-Li Duan
- Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityKongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai 200092, China
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Li W, Li Y, Sun R, Zhou S, Li M, Feng M, Xie Y. Dual character of flavonoids in attenuating and aggravating ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial injury. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1307-1314. [PMID: 28810591 PMCID: PMC5525640 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept that flavonoids exert cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury has been acknowledged by a large body of evidence. However, recent studies reported cardiotoxic effects of certain flavonoids, while the underlying mechanisms have remained largely elusive. Flavonoids have been demonstrated to activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), which is implicated in an array of cell signaling processes. The present study examined the cardioprotective roles of quercetin (Qu) and β-naphthoflavone (β-NF) against I/R injury and explored whether the underlying mechanism proceeds via molecular signaling downstream of Ahr. An oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model of I/R was established in myocardial H9c2 cells in the absence or presence of Qu or β-NF. Qu as well as β-NF reversed OGD/R-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species by increasing the anti-oxidative capacity of the cells and protected them from lethal injury, as demonstrated by a decreased cell death rate, lactate hydrogenase leakage and caspase-3 activity as determined by flow cytometry, colorimetric assay and western blot analysis, respectively. Immunocytochemistry, co-immunoprecipitation and western blot assays collectively revealed that Qu and β-NF engendered the translocation of Ahr from the cytoplasm into the cell nucleus, where binding of Ahr with the Ahr nuclear translocator (ARNT) blocked its binding to hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, which inhibited the cardioprotection of HIF-1α, including the induction of nitric oxide (NO) and inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production. Ahr knockdown recovered the binding of ARNT to HIF-1α and the generation of NO and VEGF. The results of the present study suggested a dual character of Qu and β-NF in the process of myocardial I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Li
- Department of Emergency, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China.,Intensive Care Unit, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Emergency, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Ruifang Sun
- Department of Joint Surgery, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
| | - Sumei Zhou
- Intensive Care Unit, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
| | - Meifeng Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Mingchen Feng
- Intensive Care Unit, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
| | - Yingguang Xie
- Intensive Care Unit, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
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Qi J, Wang JJ, Duan JL, Lu ZY, Yuan YG. Leonurine Improves Age-Dependent Impaired Angiogenesis: Possible Involvement of Mitochondrial Function and HIF-1α Dependent VEGF Activation. Front Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28634450 PMCID: PMC5459903 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Advanced age is associated with impaired angiogenesis in part because of mitochondrial dysfunction. We have recently reported that leonurine exerts protective effects in neuron via regulation of mitochondrial function. The aim of this study was to explore whether leonurine is able to attenuate mitochondrial dysfunction and to enhance angiogenesis in old rats with hindlimb ischemia. Methods and Results: At day 14 after surgery, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was decreased in the ischemic muscle of aged animals, which was accompanied by enhanced oxidative stress, increased mitochondrial damage, decreased capillary density, and reduced limb perfusion compared with young mice. Importantly, these effects were inhibited by leonurine treatment in old animals. In vitro, we showed that the functional activities (migration and tube formation) of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were significantly impaired in senescent compared to young. However, leonurine rescued HUVECs functional activities in senescent HUVECs. Mechanistically, we found that leonurine restored the age-dependent reduction in HIF activity and subsequent reduced VEGF expression in senescent HUVECs. Moreover, the mitochondrial oxidative stress was significantly augmented in senescent HUVECs, in association with reduced mitochondrial function. However, leonurine significantly reduced the mitochondrial oxidative stress and restored the mitochondrial membrane potential. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that leonurine protects against age-dependent impairment of angiogenesis possibly through attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent VEGF up-regulation impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China.,Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Jing J Wang
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Jun L Duan
- Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Zhao Y Lu
- Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Yang G Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, The First affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, China
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28
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Shi Y, Vanhoutte PM. Macro- and microvascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. J Diabetes 2017; 9:434-449. [PMID: 28044409 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells, as well as their major products nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin, play a key role in the regulation of vascular homeostasis. Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction is a critical and initiating factor in the genesis of diabetic vascular complications. The present review focuses on both large blood vessels and the microvasculature. The endothelial dysfunction in diabetic macrovascular complications is characterized by reduced NO bioavailability, poorly compensated for by increased production of prostacyclin and/or endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations, and increased production or action of endothelium-derived vasoconstrictors. The endothelial dysfunction of microvascular complications is primarily characterized by decreased release of NO, enhanced oxidative stress, increased production of inflammatory factors, abnormal angiogenesis, and impaired endothelial repair. In addition, non-coding RNAs (microRNAs) have emerged as participating in numerous cellular processes. Thus, this reviews pays special attention to microRNAs and their modulatory role in diabetes-induced vascular dysfunction. Some therapeutic strategies for preventing and restoring diabetic endothelial dysfunction are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- Biomedical Research Centre, Shanghai Key Laboratory of organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Paul M Vanhoutte
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
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29
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Yuan S, Kevil CG. Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Regulation of Ischemic Vascular Remodeling. Microcirculation 2016; 23:134-45. [PMID: 26381654 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Blockage or restriction of blood flow through conduit arteries results in tissue ischemia downstream of the disturbed area. Local tissues can adapt to this challenge by stimulating vascular remodeling through angiogenesis and arteriogenesis thereby restoring blood perfusion and removal of wastes. Multiple molecular mechanisms of vascular remodeling during ischemia have been identified and extensively studied. However, therapeutic benefits from these findings and insights are limited due to the complexity of various signaling networks and a lack of understanding central metabolic regulators governing these responses. The gasotransmitters NO and H2 S have emerged as master regulators that influence multiple molecular targets necessary for ischemic vascular remodeling. In this review, we discuss how NO and H2 S are individually regulated under ischemia, what their roles are in angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, and how their interaction controls ischemic vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, and Cell Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, and Cell Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
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30
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Cheng Z, Garikipati VNS, Nickoloff E, Wang C, Polhemus DJ, Zhou J, Benedict C, Khan M, Verma SK, Rabinowitz JE, Lefer D, Kishore R. Restoration of Hydrogen Sulfide Production in Diabetic Mice Improves Reparative Function of Bone Marrow Cells. Circulation 2016; 134:1467-1483. [PMID: 27660293 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.022967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow cell (BMC)-based treatment for critical limb ischemia in diabetic patients yielded a modest therapeutic effect resulting from cell dysfunction. Therefore, approaches that improve diabetic stem/progenitor cell functions may provide therapeutic benefits. Here, we tested the hypothesis that restoration of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production in diabetic BMCs improves their reparative capacities. METHODS Mouse BMCs were isolated by density-gradient centrifugation. Unilateral hind limb ischemia was conducted in 12- to 14-week-old db/+ and db/db mice by ligation of the left femoral artery. The H2S level was measured by either gas chromatography or staining with florescent dye sulfidefluor 7 AM. RESULTS Both H2S production and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), an H2S enzyme, levels were significantly decreased in BMCs from diabetic db/db mice. Administration of H2S donor diallyl trisulfide (DATS) or overexpression of CSE restored H2S production and enhanced cell survival and migratory capacity in high glucose (HG)-treated BMCs. Immediately after hind limb ischemia surgery, the db/+ and db/db mice were administered DATS orally and/or given a local intramuscular injection of green fluorescent protein-labeled BMCs or red fluorescent protein-CSE-overexpressing BMCs (CSE-BMCs). Mice with hind limb ischemia were divided into 6 groups: db/+, db/db, db/db+BMCs, db/db+DATS, db/db+DATS+BMCs, and db/db+CSE-BMCs. DATS and CSE overexpression greatly enhanced diabetic BMC retention in ischemic hind limbs followed by improved blood perfusion, capillary/arteriole density, skeletal muscle architecture, and cell survival and decreased perivascular CD68+ cell infiltration in the ischemic hind limbs of diabetic mice. It is interesting to note that DATS or CSE overexpression rescued high glucose-impaired migration, tube formation, and survival of BMCs or mature human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells. Moreover, DATS restored nitric oxide production and decreased endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation at threonine 495 levels in human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells and improved BMC angiogenic activity under high glucose condition. Last, silencing CSE by siRNA significantly increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation at threonine 495 levels in human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Decreased CSE-mediated H2S bioavailability is an underlying source of BMC dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Our data indicate that H2S and overexpression of CSE in diabetic BMCs may rescue their dysfunction and open novel avenues for cell-based therapeutics of critical limb ischemia in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjian Cheng
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.)
| | - Venkata Naga Srikanth Garikipati
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.)
| | - Emily Nickoloff
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.)
| | - Chunlin Wang
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.)
| | - David J Polhemus
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.)
| | - Jibin Zhou
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.)
| | - Cynthia Benedict
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.)
| | - Mohsin Khan
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.)
| | - Suresh K Verma
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.)
| | - Joseph E Rabinowitz
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.)
| | - David Lefer
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.)
| | - Raj Kishore
- From Center for Translational Medicine (Z.C., V.N.S.G., E.N., C.W., J.Z., C.B., M.K., S.K.V., J.E.R., R.K.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.E.R., R.K.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (D.J.P., D.L.).
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Wang P, Yang X, Zhang Z, Song J, Guan YF, Zou DJ, Miao CY. Depletion of NAD pool contributes to impairment of endothelial progenitor cell mobilization in diabetes. Metabolism 2016; 65:852-62. [PMID: 27173464 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impaired mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from bone marrow (BM) critically contributes to the diabetes-associated vascular complications. Here, we investigated the relationship between the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-controlled nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) metabolism and the impaired mobilization of BM-derived EPCs in diabetic condition. METHODS The NAMPT-NAD pool in BM and BM-derived EPCs in wild-type (WT) and diabetic db/db mice was determined. Nicotinamide, a natural substrate for NAD biosynthesis, was administrated for 2weeks in db/db mice to examine the influence of enhancing NAD pool on BM and blood EPCs number. The modulations of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein in BM were measured using immunoblotting. The EPCs intracellular NAMPT level and NAD concentration, as well as the blood EPCs number, were compared between 9 healthy people and 16 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The T2DM patients were treated with nicotinamide for two weeks and then the blood EPCs number was determined. Moreover, the association between blood EPCs numbers and EPCs intracellular NAD(+)/NAMPT protein levels in 21 healthy individuals was determined. RESULTS We found that NAD concentration and NAMPT expression in BM and BM-derived EPCs of db/db mice were significantly lower than those in WT mice BM. Enhancing NAD pool not only increased the EPCs intracellular NAD concentration and blood EPCs number, but also improved post-ischemic wound healing and blood reperfusion in db/db mice with hind-limb ischemia model. Enhancing NAD pool rescued the impaired modulations of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein levels in db/db mice BM upon hind-limb ischemia. In addition, enhancing NAD pool significantly inhibited PARP and caspase-3 activates in db/db mice BM. The intracellular NAMPT-NAD pool was positively associated with blood EPCs number in healthy individuals. At last, we found that the EPC intracellular NAMPT and NAD(+) levels were reduced in T2DM patients and enhancing NAD pool elevated the circulating blood EPCs number in T2DM patients. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the depletion of NAD pool may contribute to the impairment of EPCs mobilization in diabetic condition, and imply the potential therapeutic value of nicotinamide in the prevention and treatment for cardiovascular complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Feng Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Jin Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chao-Yu Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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de Lima Portella R, Lynn Bickta J, Shiva S. Nitrite Confers Preconditioning and Cytoprotection After Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through the Modulation of Mitochondrial Function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:307-27. [PMID: 26094636 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Nitrite is now recognized as an intrinsic signaling molecule that mediates a number of biological processes. One of the most reproducible effects of nitrite is its ability to mediate cytoprotection after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). This robust phenomenon has been reproduced by a number of investigators in varying animal models focusing on different target organs. Furthermore, nitrite's cytoprotective versatility is highlighted by its ability to mediate delayed preconditioning and remote conditioning in addition to acute protection. RECENT ADVANCES In the last 10 years, significant progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms underlying nitrite-mediated ischemic tolerance. CRITICAL ISSUES The mitochondrion, which is essential to both the progression of I/R injury and the protection afforded by preconditioning, has emerged as a major subcellular target for nitrite. This review will outline the role of the mitochondrion in I/R injury and preconditioning, review the accumulated preclinical studies demonstrating nitrite-mediated cytoprotection, and finally focus on the known interactions of nitrite with mitochondria and their role in the mechanism of nitrite-mediated ischemic tolerance. FUTURE DIRECTIONS These studies set the stage for current clinical trials testing the efficacy of nitrite to prevent warm and cold I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Lima Portella
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Janelle Lynn Bickta
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sruti Shiva
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,3 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,4 Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Polhemus DJ, Bradley JM, Islam KN, Brewster LP, Calvert JW, Tao YX, Chang CC, Pipinos II, Goodchild TT, Lefer DJ. Therapeutic potential of sustained-release sodium nitrite for critical limb ischemia in the setting of metabolic syndrome. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H82-92. [PMID: 25910804 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00115.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite is a storage reservoir of nitric oxide that is readily reduced to nitric oxide under pathological conditions. Previous studies have demonstrated that nitrite levels are significantly reduced in cardiovascular disease states, including peripheral vascular disease. We investigated the cytoprotective and proangiogenic actions of a novel, sustained-release formulation of nitrite (SR-nitrite) in a clinically relevant in vivo swine model of critical limb ischemia (CLI) involving central obesity and metabolic syndrome. CLI was induced in obese Ossabaw swine (n = 18) by unilateral external iliac artery deployment of a full cross-sectional vessel occlusion device positioned within an endovascular expanded polytetrafluoroethylene-lined nitinol stent-graft. At post-CLI day 14, pigs were randomized to placebo (n = 9) or SR-nitrite (80 mg, n = 9) twice daily by mouth for 21 days. SR-nitrite therapy increased nitrite, nitrate, and S-nitrosothiol in plasma and ischemic skeletal muscle. Oxidative stress was reduced in ischemic limb tissue of SR-nitrite- compared with placebo-treated pigs. Ischemic limb tissue levels of proangiogenic growth factors were increased following SR-nitrite therapy compared with placebo. Despite the increases in cytoprotective and angiogenic signals with SR-nitrite therapy, new arterial vessel formation and enhancement of blood flow to the ischemic limb were not different from placebo. Our data clearly demonstrate cytoprotective and proangiogenic signaling in ischemic tissues following SR-nitrite therapy in a very severe model of CLI. Further studies evaluating longer-duration nitrite therapy and/or additional nitrite dosing strategies are warranted to more fully evaluate the therapeutic potential of nitrite therapy in peripheral vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Polhemus
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jessica M Bradley
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Kazi N Islam
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Luke P Brewster
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Surgery and Research Services, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - John W Calvert
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ya-Xiong Tao
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama
| | | | - Iraklis I Pipinos
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Traci T Goodchild
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - David J Lefer
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana;
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Yildirim V, Doganci S, Yesildal F, Kaya E, Ince ME, Ozkan G, Gumusel B, Avcu F, Ozgurtas T. Sodium nitrite provides angiogenic and proliferative effects in vivo and in vitro. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2015; 21:41-6. [PMID: 25824632 PMCID: PMC4391376 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.893727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature. Many factors and substances may stimulate angiogenesis and exhibit proliferative effect. In this study, we aimed to investigate the angiogenic and proliferative effects of sodium nitrite. MATERIAL AND METHODS The angiogenic activity of sodium nitrite was examined in vivo in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model and in vitro in tube formation assay of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The proliferative activity of sodium nitrite was also determined through MTT assay on HUVECs. RESULTS In CAM assay, sodium nitrite had an angiogenic effect especially at high concentrations compared with the control group and this was statistically significant. There was a proliferative effect on HUVECs in the presence of sodium nitrite for 24 and 48 h, and this was statistically significant (p<0.05). Comparing the tube length/area ratio values, there was statistically significant increase in the sodium nitrite group compared to the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence that sodium nitrite induces angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedat Yildirim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suat Doganci
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Yesildal
- Department of Biochemistry, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erkan Kaya
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Ince
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Ozkan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bulent Gumusel
- Department of Pharmacology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ferit Avcu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Taner Ozgurtas
- Department of Biochemistry, Gulhane Military Academy of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Bostick B, Habibi J, Ma L, Aroor A, Rehmer N, Hayden MR, Sowers JR. Dipeptidyl peptidase inhibition prevents diastolic dysfunction and reduces myocardial fibrosis in a mouse model of Western diet induced obesity. Metabolism 2014; 63:1000-11. [PMID: 24933400 PMCID: PMC4128682 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Consumption of a high-fat/high-fructose Western diet (WD) is linked to rising obesity and heart disease, particularly diastolic dysfunction which characterizes early obesity/metabolic cardiomyopathy. Mounting evidence supports a role for inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis in the pathophysiology of metabolic cardiomyopathy. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a circulating exopeptidase recently reported to be elevated in the plasma of patients with insulin resistance (IR), obesity and heart failure. We hypothesized that a model of WD induced obesity/metabolic cardiomyopathy would exhibit increased DPP-4 activity and cardiac fibrosis with DPP-4 inhibition preventing cardiac fibrosis and the associated diastolic dysfunction. MATERIALS/METHODS Four-week-old C57BL6/J mice were fed a high-fat/high-fructose WD with the DPP-4 inhibitor MK0626 for 16 weeks. Cardiac function was examined by high-resolution cine-cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Phenotypic analysis included measurements of body and heart weight, systemic IR and DPP-4 activity. Immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to identify underlying pathologic mechanisms. RESULTS We found that chronic WD consumption caused obesity, IR, elevated plasma DPP-4 activity, heart enlargement and diastolic dysfunction. DPP-4 inhibition with MK0626 in WD fed mice resulted in >75% reduction in plasma DPP-4 activity, improved IR and normalized diastolic relaxation. WD consumption induced myocardial oxidant stress and fibrosis with amelioration by MK0626. TEM of hearts from WD fed mice revealed abnormal mitochondrial and perivascular ultrastructure partially corrected by MK0626. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of a role for increased DPP-4 activity in metabolic cardiomyopathy and a potential role for DPP-4 inhibition in prevention and/or correction of oxidant stress/fibrosis and associated diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Bostick
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Diabetes Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia MO, USA
| | - Javad Habibi
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia MO, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Lixin Ma
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia MO, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Annayya Aroor
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia MO, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Nathan Rehmer
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia MO, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Melvin R Hayden
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia MO, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - James R Sowers
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia MO, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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Piell KM, Qipshidze Kelm N, Caroway MP, Aman M, Cole MP. Nitrite treatment rescues cardiac dysfunction in aged mice treated with conjugated linoleic acid. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 72:66-75. [PMID: 24721151 PMCID: PMC4108078 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (cLA) is a commercially available weight-loss supplement that is not currently regulated by the U.S. FDA. Numerous studies suggest that cLA mediates protection against diseases including cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis, immune function, and obesity. Based upon these reports, it was hypothesized that supplementation with cLA would improve heart function in aged wild-type (WT) mice. At 10 months of age, mice were treated with cLA, nitrite, or the combination of the two. Echocardiograms revealed that cardiac function was decreased in aged compared to young WT mice, as determined by percentage of fractional shortening. Also, contrary to the hypothesis, mice that received cLA (6-week treatment) had significantly worse cardiac function compared to controls. This effect was attenuated when mice were cotreated with cLA and nitrite. Taken together, these results suggest that cLA-mediated cardiac injury can be circumvented by nitrite supplementation in a murine model of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellianne M Piell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Natia Qipshidze Kelm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Megan P Caroway
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Masarath Aman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Marsha P Cole
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Khoo NKH, Mo L, Zharikov S, Kamga-Pride C, Quesnelle K, Golin-Bisello F, Li L, Wang Y, Shiva S. Nitrite augments glucose uptake in adipocytes through the protein kinase A-dependent stimulation of mitochondrial fusion. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 70:45-53. [PMID: 24556414 PMCID: PMC4006287 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Though it is well accepted that adipose tissue is central in the regulation of glycemic homeostasis, the molecular mechanisms governing adipocyte glucose uptake remain unclear. Recent studies demonstrate that mitochondrial dynamics (fission and fusion) regulate lipid accumulation and differentiation in adipocytes. However, the role of mitochondrial dynamics in glucose homeostasis has not been explored. The nitric oxide oxidation products nitrite and nitrate are endogenous signaling molecules and dietary constituents that have recently been shown to modulate glucose metabolism, prevent weight gain, and reverse the development of metabolic syndrome in mice. Although the mechanism of this protection is unclear, the mitochondrion is a known subcellular target for nitrite signaling. Thus, we hypothesize that nitrite modulates mitochondrial dynamics and function to regulate glucose uptake in adipocytes. Herein, we demonstrate that nitrite significantly increases glucose uptake in differentiated murine adipocytes through a mechanism dependent on mitochondrial fusion. Specifically, nitrite promotes mitochondrial fusion by increasing the profusion protein mitofusin 1 while concomitantly activating protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates and inhibits the profission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). Functionally, this signaling augments cellular respiration, fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial oxidant production, and glucose uptake. Importantly, inhibition of PKA or Drp1 significantly attenuates nitrite-induced mitochondrial respiration and glucose uptake. These findings demonstrate that mitochondria play an essential metabolic role in adipocytes, show a novel role for both nitrite and mitochondrial fusion in regulating adipocyte glucose homeostasis, and have implications for the potential therapeutic use of nitrite and mitochondrial modulators in glycemic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas K H Khoo
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Li Mo
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Sergey Zharikov
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | | | - Kelly Quesnelle
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Franca Golin-Bisello
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Yinna Wang
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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Howangyin KY, Silvestre JS. Diabetes mellitus and ischemic diseases: molecular mechanisms of vascular repair dysfunction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1126-35. [PMID: 24675660 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In patients with diabetes mellitus, the ability of ischemic tissue to synchronize the molecular and cellular events leading to restoration of tissue perfusion in response to the atherosclerotic occlusion of a patent artery is markedly impaired. As a consequence, adverse tissue remodeling and the extent of ischemic injury are intensified, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Growing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies has implicated alterations in hypoxia-inducible factor 1 levels in the abrogation of proangiogenic pathways, including vascular endothelial growth factor A/phosphoinositide 3' kinase/AKT/endothelial nitric oxide synthase and in the activation of antiangiogenic signals characterized by accumulation of advanced glycation end products, reactive oxygen species overproduction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. In addition, the diabetic milieu shows a switch toward proinflammatory antiregenerative pathways. Finally, the mobilization, subsequent recruitment, and the proangiogenic potential of the different subsets of angiogenesis-promoting bone marrow-derived cells are markedly impaired in the diabetic environment. In this review, we will give an overview of the current understanding on the signaling molecules contributing to the diabetes mellitus-induced impairment of postischemic revascularization mainly in the setting of myocardial infarction or critical limb ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiave Yune Howangyin
- From the INSERM UMRS 970, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Sindler AL, Devan AE, Fleenor BS, Seals DR. Inorganic nitrite supplementation for healthy arterial aging. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 116:463-77. [PMID: 24408999 PMCID: PMC3949212 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01100.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This is attributable primarily to adverse changes in arteries, notably, increases in large elastic artery stiffness and endothelial dysfunction mediated by inadequate concentrations of the vascular-protective molecule, nitric oxide (NO), and higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation. Inorganic nitrite is a promising precursor molecule for augmenting circulating and tissue NO bioavailability because it requires only a one-step reduction to NO. Nitrite also acts as an independent signaling molecule, exerting many of the effects previously attributed to NO. Results of recent studies indicate that nitrite may be effective in the treatment of vascular aging. In old mice, short-term oral sodium nitrite supplementation reduces aortic pulse wave velocity, the gold-standard measure of large elastic artery stiffness, and ameliorates endothelial dysfunction, as indicated by normalization of NO-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation. These improvements in age-related vascular dysfunction with nitrite are mediated by reductions in oxidative stress and inflammation, and may be linked to increases in mitochondrial biogenesis and health. Increasing nitrite levels via dietary intake of nitrate appears to have similarly beneficial effects in many of the same physiological and clinical settings. Several clinical trials are being performed to determine the broad therapeutic potential of increasing nitrite bioavailability on human health and disease, including studies related to vascular aging. In summary, inorganic nitrite, as well as dietary nitrate supplementation, represents a promising therapy for treatment of arterial aging and prevention of age-associated CVD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Sindler
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
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Omar SA, Webb AJ. Nitrite reduction and cardiovascular protection. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 73:57-69. [PMID: 24486197 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic nitrite, a metabolite of endogenously produced nitric oxide (NO) from NO synthases (NOS), provides the largest endocrine source of directly bioavailable NO. The conversion of nitrite to NO occurs mainly through enzymatic reduction, mediated by a range of proteins, including haem-globins, molybdo-flavoproteins, mitochondrial proteins, cytochrome P450 enzymes, and NOS. Such nitrite reduction is particularly favoured under hypoxia, when endogenous formation of NO from NOS is impaired. Under normoxic conditions, the majority of these nitrite reductases also scavenge NO, or diminish its bioavailability via reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, suggesting an intricate balance. Moreover, nitrite, whether produced endogenously, or derived from exogenous nitrite or nitrate administration (including dietary sources via the Nitrate-Nitrite-NO pathway) beneficially modulates many key cardiovascular pathological processes. In this review, we highlight the landmark studies which revealed nitrite's function in biological systems, and inspect its evolving role in cardiovascular protection. Whilst these effects have mainly been ascribed to the activity of one or more nitrite reductases, we also discuss newly-identified mechanisms, including nitrite anhydration, the involvement of s-nitrosothiols, nitro-fatty acids, and direct nitrite normoxic signalling, involving modification of mitochondrial structure and function, and ROS production. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Redox Signalling in the Cardiovascular System".
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami A Omar
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, 4th Floor North Wing, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK; Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Andrew James Webb
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, 4th Floor North Wing, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK; Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghong Jia
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and the Diabetes Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
| | - James R. Sowers
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and the Diabetes Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
- Corresponding author: James R. Sowers,
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