1
|
Karunanayaka PR, Lu J, Elyan R, Yang QX, Sathian K. Olfactory-trigeminal integration in the primary olfactory cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26772. [PMID: 38962966 PMCID: PMC11222875 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Humans naturally integrate signals from the olfactory and intranasal trigeminal systems. A tight interplay has been demonstrated between these two systems, and yet the neural circuitry mediating olfactory-trigeminal (OT) integration remains poorly understood. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), combined with psychophysics, this study investigated the neural mechanisms underlying OT integration. Fifteen participants with normal olfactory function performed a localization task with air-puff stimuli, phenylethyl alcohol (PEA; rose odor), or a combination thereof while being scanned. The ability to localize PEA to either nostril was at chance. Yet, its presence significantly improved the localization accuracy of weak, but not strong, air-puffs, when both stimuli were delivered concurrently to the same nostril, but not when different nostrils received the two stimuli. This enhancement in localization accuracy, exemplifying the principles of spatial coincidence and inverse effectiveness in multisensory integration, was associated with multisensory integrative activity in the primary olfactory (POC), orbitofrontal (OFC), superior temporal (STC), inferior parietal (IPC) and cingulate cortices, and in the cerebellum. Multisensory enhancement in most of these regions correlated with behavioral multisensory enhancement, as did increases in connectivity between some of these regions. We interpret these findings as indicating that the POC is part of a distributed brain network mediating integration between the olfactory and trigeminal systems. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Psychophysical and neuroimaging study of olfactory-trigeminal (OT) integration. Behavior, cortical activity, and network connectivity show OT integration. OT integration obeys principles of inverse effectiveness and spatial coincidence. Behavioral and neural measures of OT integration are correlated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna R. Karunanayaka
- Department of RadiologyPennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Neural and Behavioral SciencesPennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Public Health SciencesPennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jiaming Lu
- Department of RadiologyPennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
- Drum Tower HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Rommy Elyan
- Department of RadiologyPennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Qing X. Yang
- Department of RadiologyPennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of NeurosurgeryPennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - K. Sathian
- Department of Neural and Behavioral SciencesPennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of NeurologyPenn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical CenterHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of PsychologyPennsylvania State University College of Liberal ArtsState CollegePennsylvaniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jacobson PT, Vilarello BJ, Tervo JP, Waring NA, Gudis DA, Goldberg TE, Devanand DP, Overdevest JB. Associations between olfactory dysfunction and cognition: a scoping review. J Neurol 2024; 271:1170-1203. [PMID: 38217708 PMCID: PMC11144520 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Strong evidence suggests that olfactory dysfunction (OD) can predict additional neurocognitive decline in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. However, research exploring olfaction and cognition in younger populations is limited. The aim of this review is to evaluate cognitive changes among non-elderly adults with non-COVID-19-related OD. METHODS We performed a structured comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library in developing this scoping review. The primary outcome of interest was the association between OD and cognitive functioning in adults less than 60 years of age. RESULTS We identified 2878 studies for title and abstract review, with 167 undergoing full text review, and 54 selected for data extraction. Of these, 34 studies reported on populations of individuals restricted to the ages of 18-60, whereas the remaining 20 studies included a more heterogeneous population with the majority of individuals in this target age range in addition to some above the age of 60. The etiologies for smell loss among the included studies were neuropsychiatric disorders (37%), idiopathic cause (25%), type 2 diabetes (7%), trauma (5%), infection (4%), intellectual disability (4%), and other (18%). Some studies reported numerous associations and at times mixed, resulting in a total number of associations greater than the included number of 54 studies. Overall, 21/54 studies demonstrated a positive association between olfaction and cognition, 7/54 demonstrated no association, 25/54 reported mixed results, and only 1/54 demonstrated a negative association. CONCLUSION Most studies demonstrate a positive correlation between OD and cognition, but the data are mixed with associations less robust in this young adult population compared to elderly adults. Despite the heterogeneity in study populations and outcomes, this scoping review serves as a starting point for further investigation on this topic. Notably, as many studies in this review involved disorders that may have confounding effects on both olfaction and cognition, future research should control for these confounders and incorporate non-elderly individuals with non-psychiatric causes of smell loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia T Jacobson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brandon J Vilarello
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy P Tervo
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas A Waring
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - David A Gudis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Terry E Goldberg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - D P Devanand
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan B Overdevest
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu C, Wang Y, Zhang B, Xu X, Zhang W, Ding Q, Miao Y, Hou Y, Ma X, Wu T, Yang S, Fu L, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Bi Y. Associations between complexity of glucose time series and cognitive function in adults with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:840-850. [PMID: 37994378 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To characterize the comparative contributions of different glycaemic indicators to cognitive dysfunction, and further investigate the associations between the most significant indicator and cognitive function, along with related cerebral alterations. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study in 449 subjects with type 2 diabetes who completed continuous glucose monitoring and cognitive assessments. Of these, 139 underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate cerebral structure and olfactory neural circuit alterations. Relative weight and Sobol's sensitivity analyses were employed to characterize the comparative contributions of different glycaemic indicators to cognitive dysfunction. RESULTS Complexity of glucose time series index (CGI) was found to have a more pronounced association with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to glycated haemoglobin, time in range, and standard deviation. The proportion and multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for MCI increased with descending CGI tertile (Tertile 1: reference group [≥4.0]; Tertile 2 [3.6-4.0] OR 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68-2.24; Tertile 3 [<3.6] OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.29-4.00). Decreased CGI was associated with cognitive decline in executive function and attention. Furthermore, individuals with decreased CGI displayed reduced olfactory activation in the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and disrupted functional connectivity between the left OFC and right posterior cingulate gyrus. Mediation analysis demonstrated that the left OFC activation partially mediated the associations between CGI and executive function. CONCLUSION Decreased glucose complexity closely relates to cognitive dysfunction and olfactory brain activation abnormalities in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qun Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingwen Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinjiao Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuelin Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyu Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Sijue Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Linqing Fu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu D, Lu J, Wei L, Yao M, Yang H, Lv P, Wang H, Zhu Y, Zhu Z, Zhang X, Chen J, Yang QX, Zhang B. Olfactory deficit: a potential functional marker across the Alzheimer's disease continuum. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1309482. [PMID: 38435057 PMCID: PMC10907997 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1309482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent form of dementia that affects an estimated 32 million individuals globally. Identifying early indicators is vital for screening at-risk populations and implementing timely interventions. At present, there is an urgent need for early and sensitive biomarkers to screen individuals at risk of AD. Among all sensory biomarkers, olfaction is currently one of the most promising indicators for AD. Olfactory dysfunction signifies a decline in the ability to detect, identify, or remember odors. Within the spectrum of AD, impairment in olfactory identification precedes detectable cognitive impairments, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and even the stage of subjective cognitive decline (SCD), by several years. Olfactory impairment is closely linked to the clinical symptoms and neuropathological biomarkers of AD, accompanied by significant structural and functional abnormalities in the brain. Olfactory behavior examination can subjectively evaluate the abilities of olfactory identification, threshold, and discrimination. Olfactory functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can provide a relatively objective assessment of olfactory capabilities, with the potential to become a promising tool for exploring the neural mechanisms of olfactory damage in AD. Here, we provide a timely review of recent literature on the characteristics, neuropathology, and examination of olfactory dysfunction in the AD continuum. We focus on the early changes in olfactory indicators detected by behavioral and fMRI assessments and discuss the potential of these techniques in MCI and preclinical AD. Despite the challenges and limitations of existing research, olfactory dysfunction has demonstrated its value in assessing neurodegenerative diseases and may serve as an early indicator of AD in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Liu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liangpeng Wei
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Yao
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiquan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pin Lv
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoyao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajing Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengyang Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiu Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing X. Yang
- Department of Radiology, Center for NMR Research, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Q, Hou C, Jiang X, Li H. Alterations of spontaneous brain activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus without mild cognitive impairment: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance study. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 17:1305571. [PMID: 38273877 PMCID: PMC10808360 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1305571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been demonstrated an increased risk factor of cognitive impairment or even dementia. Kinds of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging indices have been proposed and used to investigate the brain mechanism underlying diabetic cognitive impairment. This study aimed to explore the early changes in spontaneous neural activity among T2DM patients without cognitive impairment by means of multiple rs-fMRI indices. Methods T2DM patients without cognitive impairment and age-, sex-, and education matched control subjects were included in this study. Three rs-fMRI indices, namely amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo) and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) were computed after image pre-processing. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was performed to distinguish normal cognition. Brain volume was also evaluated. Correlation analyses were conducted to explore any relationship among rs-fMRI indices and clinical characteristics. Results The T2DM patients were detected significantly decreased neural activity in right angular and left prefrontal gyrus including middle and superior frontal gyrus. Increased activities were also observed in left caudate and the supplementary motor area. No correlation between rs-fMRI indices and clinical characteristics was survived after multiple comparison correction. But we observed a significant, but decreased correlation between ALFF and ReHo values in the reported brain areas. Conclusion The combination of ALFF, ReHo and VMHC analyses demonstrated abnormal spontaneous neural activity in brain regions which were reported in T2DM patients without cognitive impairment. These results may enhance our understanding of the diabetic brain changes at the early stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongjun Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Miao Y, Zhang B, Sun X, Ma X, Fang D, Zhang W, Wu T, Xu X, Yu C, Hou Y, Ding Q, Yang S, Fu L, Zhang Z, Bi Y. The Presence and Severity of NAFLD are Associated With Cognitive Impairment and Hippocampal Damage. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:3239-3249. [PMID: 37310344 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although cognitive impairment in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has received attention in recent years, little is known about detailed cognitive functions in histologically diagnosed individuals. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association of liver pathological changes with cognitive features and further explore the underlying brain manifestations. METHODS AND PATIENTS We performed a cross-sectional study in 320 subjects who underwent liver biopsy. Among the enrolled participants, 225 underwent assessments of global cognition and cognitive subdomains. Furthermore, 70 individuals received functional magnetic resonance imaging scans for neuroimaging evaluations. The associations among liver histological features, brain alterations, and cognitive functions were evaluated using structural equation model. RESULTS Compared with controls, patients with NAFLD had poorer immediate memory and delayed memory. Severe liver steatosis (odds ratio, 2.189; 95% CI, 1.020-4.699) and ballooning (OR, 3.655; 95% CI, 1.419-9.414) were related to a higher proportion of memory impairment. Structural magnetic resonance imaging showed that patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis exhibited volume loss in left hippocampus and its subregions of subiculum and presubiculum. Task-based magnetic resonance imaging showed that patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis had decreased left hippocampal activation. Path analysis demonstrated that higher NAFLD activity scores were associated with lower subiculum volume and reduced hippocampal activation, and such hippocampal damage contributed to lower delayed memory scores. CONCLUSIONS We are the first to report the presence and severity of NAFLD to be associated with an increased risk of memory impairment and hippocampal structural and functional abnormalities. These findings stress the significance of early cognitive evaluation in patients with NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingwen Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xitai Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xuelin Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Da Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Tianyu Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Congcong Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yinjiao Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qun Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Sijue Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Linqing Fu
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang G, Liu T, Wei W, Zhang R, Wang H, Wang M. Evaluation of altered brain activity in type 2 diabetes using various indices of brain function: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 16:1032264. [PMID: 36699964 PMCID: PMC9870028 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1032264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been identified as a risk factor that increases the rate of cognitive decline. Previous studies showed that patients with T2DM had brain function alterations based on a single index of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). The present study aimed to explore spontaneous brain activity in patients with T2DM by comparing various rs-fMRI indices, and to determine the relationship between these changes and cognitive dysfunction. Methods A total of 52 patients with T2DM and age- and sex-matched control participants were included in this study. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) values were calculated to represent the status of spontaneous neural activity. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used for the rapid evaluation of cognition in all subjects. Pearson correlation and mediation analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between rs-fMRI indices and clinical parameters such as fasting glucose, disease duration, and MoCA. Results Patients with T2DM had alterations of concordant spontaneous brain activity in brain areas including the bilateral cerebellum posterior lobe, the left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG.L), the parahippocampal gyrus, and the left supplementary motor area (SMA.L). The indices were significantly correlated to each other in most of the detected brain areas. Positive correlations were observed between fasting glucose and neural activity in the surrounding areas of the left insula and the inferior frontal gyrus. MoCA scores were negatively correlated with the ReHo values extracted from the left anterior occipital lobe and the superior cerebellar cortex and were positively correlated with VMHC values extracted from the left caudate and the precentral gyrus (PreCG). No significant mediation effect of abnormal brain activity was found in the relationship between clinical parameters and MoCA scores. Conclusion The current study demonstrated the functional concordance of abnormal brain activities in patients with T2DM by comparing ALFF, ReHo, and VMHC measurements. Widespread abnormalities mainly involved in motor and sensory processing functions may provide insight into examining T2DM-related neurological pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,Department of Radiology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Taiyuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huilin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China,*Correspondence: Huilin Wang ✉
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,Laboratory of Brian Science and Brain-Like Intelligence Technology, Institute for Integrated Medical Science and Engineering, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, China,Meiyun Wang ✉
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gao Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zheng J, Xu Z, Yu H, Jin Z, Yin Y, He B, Sun F, Xiong R, Lei H, Jiang T, Liang Y, Ke D, Zhao S, Mo W, Li Y, Zhou Q, Wang X, Zheng C, Zhang H, Liu G, Yang Y, Wang JZ. Olfactory Threshold Test as a Quick Screening Tool for Cognitive Impairment: Analysis of Two Independent Cohorts. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 93:169-178. [PMID: 36970911 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olfactory dysfunction appears prior to cognitive decline, and thus it has been suggested to be an early predictor of Alzheimer's disease. However, it is currently not known whether and how olfactory threshold test could serve as a quick screening tool for cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE To define olfactory threshold test for screening cognitive impairment in two independent cohorts. METHODS The participants are comprised of two cohorts in China, 1,139 inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, Discovery cohort) and 1,236 community-dwelling elderly (Validation cohort). Olfactory and cognitive functions were evaluated by Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center test and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), respectively. Regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were carried out to determine the relation and discriminative performance of the olfactory threshold score (OTS) regarding identification of cognition impairment. RESULTS Regression analysis showed that olfactory deficit (reducing OTS) was correlated with cognitive impairment (reducing MMSE score) in two cohorts. ROC analysis revealed that the OTS could distinguish cognitive impairment from cognitively normal individuals, with mean area under the curve values of 0.71 (0.67, 0.74) and 0.63 (0.60, 0.66), respectively, but it failed to discriminate dementia from mild cognitive impairment. The cut-off point of 3 showed the highest validity for the screening, with the diagnostic accuracy of 73.3% and 69.5%. CONCLUSION Reducing OTS is associated with cognitive impairment in T2DM patients and the community-dwelling elderly. Therefore, olfactory threshold test may be used as a readily accessible screening tool for cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiology, Wuhan Brain Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanchao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Li-Yuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zetao Jin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Benrong He
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiyang Lei
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Radiology, Wuhan Brain Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Ke
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Mo
- Health Service Center of Jianghan District, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanni Li
- Health Service Center of Jianghan District, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuzhi Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenghong Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaqiu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gongping Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Hubei Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jiménez A, Herrera-González A, Organista-Juárez D, Estudillo E, Velasco I, Guerrero-Vargas NN, Guzmán-Ruíz MA, Guevara-Guzmán R. Diabetes Induces Permanent Deleterious Effects in the Olfactory Bulb Associated with Increased Tyrosine Hydroxylase Expression and ERK1/2 Phosphorylation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2821-2828. [PMID: 36122168 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2D) complications include brain damage which increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases and dementia. An early manifestation of neurodegeneration is olfactory dysfunction (OD), which is also presented in diabetic patients. Previously, we demonstrated that OD correlates with IL-1β and miR-146a overexpression in the olfactory bulb (OB) on a T2D rodent model, suggesting the participation of inflammation on OD. Here, we found that OD persists on a long-term T2D condition after the downregulation of IL-1β. Remarkably, OD was associated with the increased expression of the dopaminergic neuronal marker tyrosine hydroxylase, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and reduced neuronal activation on the OB of diabetic rats, suggesting the participation of the dopaminergic tone on the OD derived from T2D. Dopaminergic neurons are susceptible in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease; therefore further studies must be performed to completely elucidate the participation of these neurons and ERK1/2 signaling on olfactory impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Jiménez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, México.,División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México 07760, México
| | - Amor Herrera-González
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Diana Organista-Juárez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Enrique Estudillo
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Ciudad de México 14269, México
| | - Iván Velasco
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Ciudad de México 14269, México.,Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Natalí N Guerrero-Vargas
- Departamento de Anatomía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Mara A Guzmán-Ruíz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang J, Zhou S, Deng D, Chen M, Cai H, Zhang C, Liu F, Luo W, Zhu J, Yu Y. Compensatory thalamocortical functional hyperconnectivity in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:2556-2568. [PMID: 35922652 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-022-00710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with brain damage and cognitive decline. Despite the fact that the thalamus involves aspects of cognition and is typically affected in T2DM, existing knowledge of subregion-level thalamic damage and its associations with cognitive performance in T2DM patients is limited. The thalamus was subdivided into 8 subregions in each hemisphere. Resting-state functional and structural MRI data were collected to calculate resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and gray matter volume (GMV) of each thalamic subregion in 62 T2DM patients and 50 healthy controls. Compared with controls, T2DM patients showed increased rsFC of the medial pre-frontal thalamus, posterior parietal thalamus, and occipital thalamus with multiple cortical regions. Moreover, these thalamic functional hyperconnectivity were associated with better cognitive performance and lower glucose variability in T2DM patients. However, there were no group differences in GMV for any thalamic subregions. These findings suggest a possible neural compensation mechanism whereby selective thalamocortical functional hyperconnectivity facilitated by better glycemic control help to preserve cognitive ability in T2DM patients, which may ultimately inform intervention and prevention of T2DM-related cognitive decline in real-world clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, 230022, Hefei, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, 230032, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Shanlei Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Datong Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Mimi Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, 230022, Hefei, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, 230032, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Huanhuan Cai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, 230022, Hefei, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, 230032, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Fujun Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Radiology, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 238000, Chaohu, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, 230022, Hefei, China.
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, 230032, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032, Hefei, China.
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, 230022, Hefei, China.
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, 230032, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Luo W, Wang J, Chen M, Zhou S, Deng D, Liu F, Yu Y. Alterations of Cerebral Blood Flow and Its Connectivity in Olfactory-Related Brain Regions of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:904468. [PMID: 35898415 PMCID: PMC9309479 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.904468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the alteration of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its connectivity patterns in olfactory-related regions of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using arterial spin labeling (ASL). Sixty-nine patients with T2DM and 63 healthy controls (HCs) underwent ASL scanning using 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging. We compared the CBF values of the olfactory-related brain regions between the two groups and analyzed the correlation between their changes and clinical variables. We also used these regions as seeds to explore the differences in CBF connectivity patterns in olfactory-related brain regions between the T2DM patients and HCs. Compared with the HC group, the CBF of the right orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus (OIFG), right insula, and bilateral olfactory cortex was decreased in the T2DM patients. Moreover, the duration of the patients was negatively correlated with the CBF changes in the right OIFG, right insula, and right olfactory cortex. The CBF changes in the right OIFG were positively correlated with the Self-Rating Depression Scale scores, those in the right insula were negatively correlated with the max blood glucose of continuous glucose, and those in the right olfactory cortex were negatively correlated with the mean blood glucose of continuous glucose. In addition, the T2DM patients also showed decreased CBF connectivity between the right OIFG and the left temporal pole of the middle temporal gyrus and increased CBF connectivity between the right medial orbital part of the superior frontal gyrus and the right orbital part of the superior frontal gyrus and between the right olfactory cortex and the bilateral caudate and the left putamen. Patients with T2DM have decreased CBF and altered CBF connectivity in multiple olfactory-related brain regions. These changes may help explain why olfactory dysfunction occurs in patients with T2DM, thus providing insights into the neuropathological mechanism of olfactory dysfunction and cognitive decline in T2DM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Imaging, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Hefei, China
| | - Mimi Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Hefei, China
| | - Shanlei Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Datong Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fujun Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Imaging, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yongqiang Yu,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu J, Kang S, Su J, Liu K, Fan L, Ma X, Tan X, Huang H, Feng Y, Chen Y, Lyu W, Zeng L, Qiu S, Hu D. Altered Functional Network Connectivity of Precuneus and Executive Control Networks in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Without Cognitive Impairment. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:887713. [PMID: 35833084 PMCID: PMC9271612 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.887713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In epidemiological studies, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with cognitive impairment and dementia, but studies about functional network connectivity in T2DM without cognitive impairment are limited. This study aimed to explore network connectivity alterations that may help enhance our understanding of damage-associated processes in T2DM. MRI data were analyzed from 82 patients with T2DM and 66 normal controls. Clinical, biochemical, and neuropsychological assessments were conducted in parallel with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, and the cognitive status of the patients was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-B (MoCA-B) score. Independent component analysis revealed a positive correlation between the salience network and the visual network and a negative connection between the left executive control network and the default mode network in patients with T2DM. The differences in dynamic brain network connectivity were observed in the precuneus, visual, and executive control networks. Internal network connectivity was primarily affected in the thalamus, inferior parietal lobe, and left precuneus. Hemoglobin A1c level, body mass index, MoCA-B score, and grooved pegboard (R) assessments indicated significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05). Our findings show that key changes in functional connectivity in diabetes occur in the precuneus and executive control networks that evolve before patients develop cognitive deficits. In addition, the current study provides useful information about the role of the thalamus, inferior parietal lobe, and precuneus, which might be potential biomarkers for predicting the clinical progression, assessing the cognitive function, and further understanding the neuropathology of T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjian Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shangyu Kang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianpo Su
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Liu
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Liangwei Fan
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ma
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Tan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoming Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Feng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuna Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjiao Lyu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingli Zeng
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Shijun Qiu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shijun Qiu,
| | - Dewen Hu
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
- Dewen Hu,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cheng H, Zhang Z, Zhang B, Zhang W, Wang J, Ni W, Miao Y, Liu J, Bi Y. Enhancement of Impaired Olfactory Neural Activation and Cognitive Capacity by Liraglutide, but Not Dapagliflozin or Acarbose, in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A 16-Week Randomized Parallel Comparative Study. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:1201-1210. [PMID: 35263425 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The comparative neuroprotective effects of different antidiabetes drugs have not been characterized in randomized controlled trials. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects of liraglutide, dapagliflozin, or acarbose treatment on brain functional alterations and cognitive changes in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty-six patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy were randomized to receive liraglutide, dapagliflozin, or acarbose treatment for 16 weeks. Brain functional MRI (fMRI) scan and a battery of cognitive assessments were evaluated pre- and postintervention in all subjects. RESULTS The 16-week treatment with liraglutide significantly enhanced the impaired odor-induced left hippocampal activation with Gaussian random field correction and improved cognitive subdomains of delayed memory, attention, and executive function (all P < 0.05), whereas dapagliflozin or acarbose did not. Structural equation modeling analysis demonstrated that such improvements of brain health and cognitive function could be partly ascribed to a direct effect of liraglutide on left hippocampal activation (β = 0.330, P = 0.022) and delayed memory (β = 0.410, P = 0.004) as well as to the metabolic ameliorations of reduced waist circumference, decreased body fat ratio, and elevated fasting insulin (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our head-to-head study demonstrated that liraglutide enhanced impaired brain activation and restored impaired cognitive domains in patients with type 2 diabetes, whereas dapagliflozin and acarbose did not. The results expand the clinical application of liraglutide and provide a novel treatment strategy for individuals with diabetes and a high risk of cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenyu Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingwen Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiani Liu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen M, Wang J, Zhou S, Zhang C, Deng D, Liu F, Luo W, Zhu J, Yu Y. Brain Structure as a Correlate of Odor Identification and Cognition in Type 2 Diabetes. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:773309. [PMID: 35237139 PMCID: PMC8882582 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.773309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It has been reported that type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with olfactory identification (OI) impairments and cognitive decline. However, the relationship between OI impairments and cognitive decline is largely unknown in T2DM patients.Methods: Sixty-eight T2DM patients and 68 healthy controls underwent 3D-T1 MRI scans, olfactory and cognitive assessments. The cortical thickness of olfaction-related brain regions, olfactory and cognitive scores were compared between groups. Correlation analyses were carried out among cognition, olfaction, and cortical thickness of olfaction-related brain regions.Results: First, the cognitive and olfactory test scores of T2DM patients were lower than healthy subjects. Second, higher olfactory scores were associated with increased cortical thickness in the left parahippocampal gyrus and bilateral insula in T2DM. Third, higher olfactory scores were associated with higher cognitive performance in T2DM. Fourth, some cognitive performances were related to cortical thickness in the left parahippocampal gyrus and left insula in T2DM.Conclusion: These findings indicated that olfactory dysfunction may be useful for future applications that attempt to predict cognitive decline or develop tailored therapies in T2DM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shanlei Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Datong Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fujun Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Radiology, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yongqiang Yu Jiajia Zhu
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yongqiang Yu Jiajia Zhu
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Faour M, Magnan C, Gurden H, Martin C. Olfaction in the context of obesity and diabetes: Insights from animal models to humans. Neuropharmacology 2021; 206:108923. [PMID: 34919903 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The olfactory system is at the crossroad between sensory processing and metabolic sensing. In addition to being the center of detection and identification of food odors, it is a sensor for most of the hormones and nutrients responsible for feeding behavior regulation. The consequences of modifications in body homeostasis, nutrient overload and alteration of this brain network in the pathological condition of food-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes are still not elucidated. The aim of this review was first to use both humans and animal studies to report on the current knowledge of the consequences of obesity and type 2 diabetes on odorant threshold and olfactory perception including identification discrimination and memory. We then discuss how olfactory processing can be modified by an alteration of the metabolic homeostasis of the organism and available elements on pharmacological treatments that regulate olfaction. We focus on data within the olfactory system but also on the interactions between the olfactory system and other brain networks impacted by metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Faour
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France
| | | | - Hirac Gurden
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Claire Martin
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Machine Learning Refutes Loss of Smell as a Risk Indicator of Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214971. [PMID: 34768493 PMCID: PMC8584618 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Because it is associated with central nervous changes, and olfactory dysfunction has been reported with increased prevalence among persons with diabetes, this study addressed the question of whether the risk of developing diabetes in the next 10 years is reflected in olfactory symptoms. In a cross-sectional study, in 164 individuals seeking medical consulting for possible diabetes, olfactory function was evaluated using a standardized clinical test assessing olfactory threshold, odor discrimination, and odor identification. Metabolomics parameters were assessed via blood concentrations. The individual diabetes risk was quantified according to the validated German version of the “FINDRISK” diabetes risk score. Machine learning algorithms trained with metabolomics patterns predicted low or high diabetes risk with a balanced accuracy of 63–75%. Similarly, olfactory subtest results predicted the olfactory dysfunction category with a balanced accuracy of 85–94%, occasionally reaching 100%. However, olfactory subtest results failed to improve the prediction of diabetes risk based on metabolomics data, and metabolomics data did not improve the prediction of the olfactory dysfunction category based on olfactory subtest results. Results of the present study suggest that olfactory function is not a useful predictor of diabetes.
Collapse
|
17
|
Olfactory impairment in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome and its correlation with organ involvement and immunological abnormalities. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:250. [PMID: 34587995 PMCID: PMC8480095 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Patients with autoimmune diseases often present with olfactory impairment. The aim of the study was to assess the olfactory functions of patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome and to correlate these findings with their disease activity. Methods Fifty-two patients with primary SS and 52 sex- and age-matched healthy control subjects were included. All of them underwent clinical and laboratory examination. Olfactory functions were evaluated using olfactory function assessment by computerized testing including the three stages of smell: threshold, identification, and memory of the different odors. Results All the olfactory scores (olfactory threshold, identification, and memory) in patients with pSS were significantly decreased than the control group (all P < 0.01). Patients had higher proportion of anosmia (13.5% vs 0%) and hyposmia (19.2% vs 11.5%) than controls (χ2 = 10.526, P < 0.01). Multivariable regression analysis revealed that ESSDAI and the symptoms of dryness, fatigue, and limb pain had negative influence on olfactory function (adjusted R2 = 0.381, 0.387, 0.513, and 0.614, respectively). ESSPRI showed significantly negative association with olfactory threshold, identification, memory, and total scores. Olfactory identification and memory scores were decreased in pSS patients with thyroid dysfunction or hypocomplementemia (P < 0.05). Smell threshold scores were decreased in pSS patients with anti-SSA antibody or anti-nuclear antibody compared with those without those autoantibodies (P < 0.01). Conclusion Our findings indicate that olfactory functions are impaired in pSS patients. There was a close correlation between olfactory dysfunction and disease severity and immunological abnormalities. Immune and systemic inflammation dysregulation might play a role in the mechanism of this defect. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-021-02624-6.
Collapse
|
18
|
Li Q, Jia M, Yan Z, Li Q, Sun F, He C, Li Y, Zhou X, Zhang H, Liu X, Bu X, Gao P, He H, Zhao Z, Zhu Z. Activation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Ameliorates Cognitive Decline in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Through a Metabolism-Independent Pathway. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020734. [PMID: 34250817 PMCID: PMC8483500 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus are susceptible to dementia, but regular therapy fails to reduce the risk of dementia. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists have neuroprotective effects in experimental studies. We aimed to assess the effect of liraglutide, a glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, on cognitive function and whether its effect was associated with metabolic changes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods and Results Fifty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited in this prospective study. All patients underwent cognitive assessment and brain activation monitoring by functional near‐infrared spectroscopy. At 12 weeks, patients in the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 group acquired better scores in all cognitive tests and showed remarkable improvement in memory and attention (P=0.040) test compared with the control group after multivariable adjustment. Compared with the control group, liraglutide significantly increased activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex brain regions (P=0.0038). After liraglutide treatment, cognitive scores were significantly correlated with changes in these activating brain regions (P<0.05), but no correlation was observed between the changes in cognitive function and changes of body mass index, blood pressure, and glycemic levels. Conclusions We concluded that liraglutide improves cognitive decline in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This beneficial effect is independent of its hypoglycemic effect and weight loss. The optimal intervention should be targeted to cognitive decline in the early stages of dementia. Registration URL: https://www.ClinicalTrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03707171.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Mengxiao Jia
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Zhencheng Yan
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Qiang Li
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Fang Sun
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Chengkang He
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Yingsha Li
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Xunmei Zhou
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Hexuan Zhang
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Xiaona Bu
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Peng Gao
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Hongbo He
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen C, Kong W, Liang J, Lu J, Chen D, Sun Y, Zhang X, Qing Z, Feng X, Sun L, Zhang B. Impaired olfactory neural circuit in patients with SLE at early stages. Lupus 2021; 30:1078-1085. [PMID: 33858264 DOI: 10.1177/09612033211005556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of olfactory function and odor-induced brain activation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) at early stages compared with healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Olfactory function and odor-induced brain activation in 12 SLE patients at early stages and 12 age, gender and education matched healthy controls were evaluated using olfactory behavior test and odor-induced task-functional magnetic resonance imaging (task-fMRI). RESULTS No significant differences in olfactory behavior scores (including olfactory threshold, olfactory identification, and olfactory memory) were found in the patients with SLE at early stages compared with the healthy controls, while significantly decreased odor-induced activations in olfactory-related brain regions were observed in the patients. In the SLE group, the patients with better performance in the olfactory threshold test had significantly lower levels of anti-dsDNA antibody. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated that significant alterations in odor-induced brain activations occurred prior to measurable olfactory decline in SLE at early stages, which provided a new method for early diagnosis of olfactory dysfunction in SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Dajie Chen
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao Qing
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuebing Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sanke H, Mita T, Yoshii H, Someya Y, Yamashiro K, Shimizu T, Ohmura C, Onuma T, Watada H. Olfactory dysfunction predicts the development of dementia in older patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 174:108740. [PMID: 33711397 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Olfactory dysfunction is associated with the transition from normal cognition to dementia in persons without type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate whether olfactory dysfunction could be an early marker of future dementia in older patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS This exploratory study included 151 older Japanese outpatients with type 2 diabetes who did not have a diagnosis of probable dementia at baseline. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine whether Open Essence (OE) test score at baseline is associated with the development of probable dementia. RESULTS Over 3 years, approximately 9% of the study subjects developed probable dementia. Subjects with olfactory dysfunction at baseline developed probable dementia more frequently than those without. Multivariate logistic regression showed that lower OE test score, higher age, lower Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, higher total protein concentration, and more frequent use of a sulfonylurea are significantly associated with the development of probable dementia. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that change in OE test score over 3 years is significantly associated with change in MMSE score. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that olfactory dysfunction precedes the development of probable dementia in older patients with type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Sanke
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomoya Mita
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Center for Therapeutic Innovations in Diabetes, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Hidenori Yoshii
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology & Endocrinology Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Shinsuna 3-3-20, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Yuki Someya
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamashiro
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology & Endocrinology Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Shinsuna 3-3-20, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Shimizu
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Chie Ohmura
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomio Onuma
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology & Endocrinology Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Shinsuna 3-3-20, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Center for Therapeutic Innovations in Diabetes, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Center for Molecular Diabetology, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Midorikawa M, Suzuki H, Suzuki Y, Yamauchi K, Sato H, Nemoto K, Sugano Y, Iwasaki H, Sekiya M, Yatoh S, Yahagi N, Hada Y, Arai T, Shimano H. Relationships between Cognitive Function and Odor Identification, Balance Capability, and Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged Persons with and without Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:9961612. [PMID: 34660814 PMCID: PMC8516531 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9961612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We investigated the relationship between cognitive function and olfactory and physical functions in middle-aged persons with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) to examine the potential of olfactory and physical functions as biomarkers for early cognitive impairment. METHODS Enrolled were 70 T2D patients (age 40 to <65 y) and 81 age-matched control participants without diabetes. Cognitive function was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Trail Making Test parts A and B (TMT-A/-B), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (QIDS), and Starkstein Apathy Scale (SAS). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Odor identification was an independent determinant shown in the results of the TMT-A in the entire participant group and was independently associated with the MoCA and TMT-B in the T2D group. Balance capability assessed with a stabilometer was independently associated with all cognitive function tests except for QISD and SAS in the entire participant group and the T2D group and was independently associated with TMT-A in the control group. Knee extension strength was independently associated with the SAS in the entire participant group and the T2D group. CONCLUSIONS Odor identification, balance capability, and knee extension strength were potential markers for cognitive decline in middle-aged persons with T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Midorikawa
- Doctoral Program in Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Suzuki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba 305-8596, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yamauchi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sato
- Doctoral Program in Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nemoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoko Sugano
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Iwasaki
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Motohiro Sekiya
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yatoh
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Naoya Yahagi
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hada
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tetsuaki Arai
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Chiyoda-ku 100-0004, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Guo X, Wang S, Chen YC, Wei HL, Zhou GP, Yu YS, Yin X, Wang K, Zhang H. Aberrant Brain Functional Connectivity Strength and Effective Connectivity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:5171618. [PMID: 34877358 PMCID: PMC8645376 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5171618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of brain functional connectivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been reported by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies, but the underlying precise neuropathological mechanism remains unclear. This study is aimed at investigating the implicit alterations of functional connections in T2DM by integrating functional connectivity strength (FCS) and Granger causality analysis (GCA) and further exploring their associations with clinical characteristics. Sixty T2DM patients and thirty-three sex-, age-, and education-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Global FCS analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed to explore seed regions with significant differences between the two groups; then, GCA was applied to detect directional effective connectivity (EC) between the seeds and other brain regions. Correlations of EC with clinical variables were further explored in T2DM patients. Compared with HC, T2DM patients showed lower FCS in the bilateral fusiform gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and right postcentral gyrus, but higher FCS in the right supplementary motor area (SMA). Moreover, altered directional EC was found between the left fusiform gyrus and bilateral lingual gyrus and right medial frontal gyrus (MFG), as well as between the right SFG and bilateral frontal regions. In addition, triglyceride, insulin, and plasma glucose levels were correlated with the abnormal EC of the left fusiform, while disease duration and cognitive function were associated with the abnormal EC of the right SFG in T2DM patients. These results suggest that T2DM patients show aberrant brain function connectivity strength and effective connectivity which is associated with the diabetes-related metabolic characteristics, disease duration, and cognitive function, providing further insights into the complex neural basis of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211100, China
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211100, China
| | - Yu-Chen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210006, China
| | - Heng-Le Wei
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211100, China
| | - Gang-Ping Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211100, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Yu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211100, China
| | - Xindao Yin
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210006, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211100, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211100, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ni W, Zhang Z, Zhang B, Zhang W, Cheng H, Miao Y, Chen W, Liu J, Zhu D, Bi Y. Connecting Peripheral to Central Neuropathy: Examination of Nerve Conduction Combined with Olfactory Tests in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:3097-3107. [PMID: 34267530 PMCID: PMC8276992 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s312021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Few studies have investigated the associations between diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and cognitive decline. Olfactory impairment is related to neurodegenerative diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the cognitive alterations of patients with DPN and the role of olfactory function in DPN are not known. We explored alterations in cognition with DPN and the associations of neuropathy parameters with cognition and olfaction. METHODS Healthy controls (HCs) and patients with T2DM underwent nerve-conduction tests, detailed cognitive assessment, olfactory-behavior tests, and odor-induced functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). T2DM patients were divided into two groups (non-DPN [NDPN] and DPN). Olfactory brain regions showing different activation between the two groups were selected for functional connectivity (FC) analyses. A structural equation model (SEM) was also generated to demonstrate the association among cognition, olfactory, and neuropathy parameters. RESULTS One hundred individuals (36 HCs, 36 NDPN, and 28 DPN) were matched for age, sex, and educational level. Compared with the NDPN group, the DPN group had significantly lower scores for memory and processing speed, as well as lower olfactory identification and memory scores, decreased activation of the left frontal lobe, and reduced seed-based functional connectivity in the right insula. The nerve conduction velocity in patients with T2DM was associated with cognitive functions. The association between nerve conduction and executive function was mediated by olfactory behavior. CONCLUSION Patients with DPN had worse cognition than the NDPN patients in the domains of memory and processing speed. Cognitive dysfunction could be predicted by olfactory-behavior tests and electrophysiological examination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingwen Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiani Liu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dalong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yan Bi Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 25-83304616-61431Fax +86 25-83304616-61431 Email
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yulug B, Saatci O, Işıklar A, Hanoglu L, Kilic U, Ozansoy M, Cankaya S, Cankaya B, Kilic E. The Association between HbA1c Levels, Olfactory Memory and Cognition in Normal, Pre-Diabetic and Diabetic Persons. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 20:198-212. [PMID: 31203811 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190614121738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Recent data have shown that olfactory dysfunction is strongly related to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) that is often preceded by olfactory deficits suggesting that olfactory dysfunction might represent an early indicator of future cognitive in prediabetes. METHODS We have applied to a group of normal (n=15), prediabetic (n=16) and type 2 diabetic outpatients (n=15) olfactory testing, 1.5-T MRI scanner and detailed cognitive evaluation including the standard Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) form, Short Blessed Test (SBT), Letter Fluency Test (LFT) and the category fluency test with animal, Fruit and Vegetable Naming (CFT). RESULTS We have shown that Odour Threshold (OT), Discrimination (OD), and Identification (OI) scores and most cognitive test results were significantly different in the prediabetes and diabetes group compared to those in the control group. OD and OT were significantly different between the prediabetes and diabetes group, although the cognitive test results were only significantly different in the prediabetes and diabetes group compared to those in the control group. In evaluating the association between OI, OT, OD scores and specific cognitive tests, we have found, that impaired olfactory identification was the only parameter that correlated significantly with the SBT both in the pre-diabetes and diabetes group. Although spot glucose values were only correlated with OT, HbA1c levels were correlated with OT, OD, and OI, as well as results of the letter fluency test suggesting that HbA1c levels rather than the spot glucose values play a critical role in specific cognitive dysfunction. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first prospective study to demonstrate a strong association between olfactory dysfunction and specific memory impairment in a population with prediabetes and diabetes suggesting that impaired olfactory identification might play an important role as a specific predictor of memory decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burak Yulug
- Department of Neurology, Alanya AlaaddinKeykubat University, Antalya/Alanya, Turkey.,Istanbul Medipol University, Restorative and Regenerative Medicine Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Saatci
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul Sancaktepe, Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysun Işıklar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Sancaktepe, Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lutfu Hanoglu
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ulkan Kilic
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozansoy
- Istanbul Medipol University, Restorative and Regenerative Medicine Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyda Cankaya
- Department of Neurology, Alanya AlaaddinKeykubat University, Antalya/Alanya, Turkey
| | - Baris Cankaya
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Marmara University Pendik Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ertugrul Kilic
- Istanbul Medipol University, Restorative and Regenerative Medicine Center, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Physiology, Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lietzau G, Nyström T, Wang Z, Darsalia V, Patrone C. Western Diet Accelerates the Impairment of Odor-Related Learning and Olfactory Memory in the Mouse. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3590-3602. [PMID: 33054173 PMCID: PMC7645872 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory dysfunction could be an early indicator of cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, whether obesity affects olfaction in people with T2D is unclear. This question needs to be addressed, because most people with T2D are obese. Importantly, whether different contributing factors leading to obesity (e.g., different components of diet or gain in weight) affect specific olfactory functions and underlying mechanisms is unknown. We examined whether two T2D-inducing obesogenic diets, one containing a high proportion of fat (HFD) and one with moderate fat and high sugar (Western diet, WD), affect odor detection/discrimination, odor-related learning, and olfactory memory in the mouse. We also investigated whether the diets impair adult neurogenesis, GABAergic interneurons, and neuroblasts in the olfactory system. Here, we further assessed olfactory cortex volume and cFos expression-based neuronal activity. The WD-fed mice showed declined odor-related learning and olfactory memory already after 3 months of diet intake (p = 0.046), although both diets induced similar hyperglycemia and weight gain compared to those of standard diet-fed mice (p = 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively) at this time point. Eight months of HFD and WD diminished odor detection (p = 0.016 and p = 0.045, respectively), odor-related learning (p = 0.015 and p = 0.049, respectively), and olfactory memory. We observed no changes in the investigated cellular mechanisms. We show that the early deterioration of olfactory parameters related to learning and memory is associated with a high content of sugar in the diet rather than with hyperglycemia or weight gain. This finding could be exploited for understanding, and potentially preventing, cognitive decline/dementia in people with T2D. The mechanisms behind this finding remain to be elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Lietzau
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 118-83, Sweden
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk 80-210, Poland
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 118-83, Sweden
| | - Zhida Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Vladimer Darsalia
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 118-83, Sweden
| | - Cesare Patrone
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 118-83, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Karunanayaka PR, Lu J, Yang QX, Sathian K. Olfactory Costimulation Influences Intranasal Somatosensory Perception. Multisens Res 2020; 33:723-736. [PMID: 33706271 DOI: 10.1163/22134808-bja10008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Olfactory sensitivity is influenced by intranasal trigeminal sensation. For instance, sniffing is central to how humans and animals perceive odorants. Here, we investigated the influence of olfactory costimulation on the perception of intranasal somatosensory stimulation. In this study, 22 healthy human subjects, with normal olfactory function, performed a localization task for stimulation using weak air puffs, a pure odorant, phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA; rose odor), or their combination. Visual cues were used to inform participants to briefly hold their breath while weak, poorly localizable, air puffs and/or PEA were delivered to either nostril. Although PEA alone could not be localized to the correct nostril, when it accompanied a weak air puff in the ipsilateral nostril, localization accuracy significantly improved, relative to presentation of the air puff without the odorant. The enhancement of localization was absent when the air puff and PEA were presented to opposite nostrils. Since ipsilateral but not contralateral costimulation with PEA increased the accuracy of weak air puff localization, the results argue against a non-specific alerting effect of PEA. These findings suggest an interaction between olfactory and intranasal somatosensory stimuli leading to their integration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna R Karunanayaka
- 1Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,2Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,3Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jiaming Lu
- 1Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,4Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing X Yang
- 1Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,5Department of Neurosurgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - K Sathian
- 2Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,6Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,7Department of Neurology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ma K, Yu J, Shao W, Xu X, Zhang Z, Zhang D. Functional Overlaps Exist in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders: A Proof from Brain Network Analysis. Neuroscience 2020; 425:39-48. [PMID: 31794696 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Psychopath and neuropath often exhibit similar symptoms in clinical functional performances. However, few studies ever demonstrate the existence of overlapped brain functional mechanism between neurological and psychiatric disorders. Accordingly, in this paper, we have made an attempt to verify the existence of functional overlaps among neurological and psychiatric disorders through brain network analysis. Specifically, our findings suggest that functional overlaps exist in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), as well as in epilepsy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia. In these overlapped functions, we also find that the brain regions of neuropsychopathic disorders exhibit different cooperative patterns at different levels of brain activities. For example, strong-strong cooperative patterns were observed at high levels of brain activities in epilepsy, ADHD and schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ma
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210016, China
| | - Jintai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210016, China
| | - Xijia Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210002, China
| | - Daoqiang Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tang W, Zhang B, Wang H, Li M, Wang H, Liu F, Zhu D, Bi Y. Improved skeletal muscle energy metabolism relates to the recovery of β cell function by intensive insulin therapy in drug naïve type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3177. [PMID: 31077529 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diminished energy turnover of skeletal muscle is involved in the development of type 2 diabetes. Intensive insulin therapy has been reported to maintain glycaemic control in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, while the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to characterize the contribution of muscular mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) activity to insulin-induced glycaemic control. MATERIALS AND METHODS There were 21 drug naïve patients with type 2 diabetes receiving continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion for 7 days. Nine nondiabetics matched for age, body mass index, and physical activity were recruited as controls. We applied 31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to record in vivo muscular phosphocreatine (PCr) flux in controls and diabetics before and after insulin therapy. The mitochondrial OxPhos rate was calculated as ΔPCr / Δtime during the first 50 seconds after cessation of exercise. RESULTS In drug naïve type 2 diabetes, muscular mitochondrial OxPhos rate was restored after insulin therapy. Notably, this alteration was positively associated with the improvements of 1,5-anhydroglucitol, a serum marker for glucose control over the last 1 week, as well as homeostasis model assessment of β cell function and C-peptide/glucose ratio t0 , two indices for basal insulin secretion. Furthermore, patients with diabetes family history and more severe glucotoxicity tend to achieve greater improvement in mitochondrial function by insulin. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that intensive insulin therapy facilitates muscular energy metabolism in drug naïve type 2 diabetes. It correlates to the recovery of β cell function, contributing to insulin-induced glucose control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiting Wang
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongdong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangcen Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Dalong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu T, Lee JE, Wang J, Ge S, Li C. Cognitive Dysfunction in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Concept Analysis. Clin Nurs Res 2019; 29:339-351. [PMID: 31353950 DOI: 10.1177/1054773819862973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although cognitive dysfunction is related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the concept has not yet been well defined. The purpose of this study was to define the concept of cognitive dysfunction in persons with T2DM and examine its defining attributes, antecedents, and consequences. Literature was retrieved from 2008 to 2018 by systematically searching the PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases. Based on 37 included studies, three defining attributes were identified: cognitive dysfunction is a recognized or unrecognized symptom, is characterized by a subtle decline in one or more cognitive domains, and is accompanied by pronounced structural changes observed in brain imaging. One major antecedent was diabetes-related or diabetes-specific pathological changes. Consequences included interference with diabetes self-management, nonadherence to recommended self-management behaviors, and a higher risk of having hypoglycemic events. The concept analysis provides a theoretical foundation that can be used to guide evaluations and interventions related to cognitive dysfunction in individuals with T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- University of Arkansas Eleanor Mann School of Nursing, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- University of Rhode Island College of Nursing, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Nursing, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Song Ge
- Department of Natural Sciences/Nursing, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Changwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang Z, Zhang B, Wang X, Zhang X, Yang QX, Qing Z, Zhang W, Zhu D, Bi Y. Olfactory Dysfunction Mediates Adiposity in Cognitive Impairment of Type 2 Diabetes: Insights From Clinical and Functional Neuroimaging Studies. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:1274-1283. [PMID: 31221697 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-2584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Large numbers of people with type 2 diabetes are obese. However, changes in cognition and related brain function in obese people with diabetes have not been characterized. Here, we investigated cognition, olfactory function, and odor-induced brain alterations in these patients and therapeutic effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1Ras) on their psychological behavior and olfactory networks. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Cognitive, olfactory, and odor-induced brain activation assessments were administered to 35 obese and 35 nonobese people with type 2 diabetes and 35 control subjects matched for age, sex, and education. Among them, 20 obese individuals with diabetes with inadequate glycemic control and metformin monotherapy received GLP-1Ra treatment for 3 months and were reassessed for metabolic, cognitive, olfactory, and neuroimaging changes. RESULTS Obese subjects with diabetes demonstrated lower general cognition and olfactory threshold scores, decreased left hippocampal activation, and disrupted seed-based functional connectivity with right insula compared with nonobese subjects with diabetes. Negative associations were found between adiposity and episodic memory and between fasting insulin and processing speed test time in diabetes. Mediation analyses showed that olfactory function and left hippocampus activation mediated these correlations. With 3-month GLP-1Ra treatment, obese subjects with diabetes exhibited improved Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, olfactory test total score, and enhanced odor-induced right parahippocampus activation. CONCLUSIONS Obese subjects with type 2 diabetes showed impaired cognition and dysfunctional olfaction and brain networks, the latter of which mediated adiposity in cognitive impairment of diabetes. GLP-1Ras ameliorated cognitive and olfactory abnormalities in obese subjects with diabetes, providing new perspectives for early diagnosis and therapeutic approaches for cognitive decrements in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing X Yang
- Center for NMR Research, Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.,George M. Leader Foundation Alzheimer's Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Zhao Qing
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Dalong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kure Liu C, Joseph PV, Feldman DE, Kroll DS, Burns JA, Manza P, Volkow ND, Wang GJ. Brain Imaging of Taste Perception in Obesity: a Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2019; 8:108-119. [PMID: 30945140 PMCID: PMC6486899 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-019-0269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We summarize neuroimaging findings related to processing of taste (fat, salt, umami, bitter, and sour) in the brain and how they influence hedonic responses and eating behaviors and their role in obesity. RECENT FINDINGS Neuroimaging studies in obese individuals have revealed alterations in reward/motivation, executive control/self-regulation, and limbic/affective circuits that are implicated in food and drug addiction. Psychophysical studies show that sensory properties of food ingredients may be associated with anthropometric and neurocognitive outcomes in obesity. However, few studies have examined the neural correlates of taste and processing of calories and nutrient content in obesity. The literature of neural correlated of bitter, sour, and salty tastes remains sparse in obesity. Most published studies have focused on sweet, followed by fat and umami taste. Studies on calorie processing and its conditioning by preceding taste sensations have started to delineate a dynamic pattern of brain activation associated with appetition. Our expanded understanding of taste processing in the brain from neuroimaging studies is poised to reveal novel prevention and treatment targets to help address overeating and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kure Liu
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
| | - Paule Valery Joseph
- Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Biobehavioral Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Drive, Rm 5B03, Bethesda, MD 20892-2178 USA
| | - Dana E. Feldman
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
| | - Danielle S. Kroll
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
| | - Jamie A. Burns
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
| | - Peter Manza
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
| | - Nora D. Volkow
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 5274, Bethesda, MD 20892-9581 USA
| | - Gene-Jack Wang
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liang Y, Zhang H, Tan X, Liu J, Qin C, Zeng H, Zheng Y, Liu Y, Chen J, Leng X, Qiu S, Shen D. Local Diffusion Homogeneity Provides Supplementary Information in T2DM-Related WM Microstructural Abnormality Detection. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:63. [PMID: 30792623 PMCID: PMC6374310 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether an inter-voxel diffusivity metric (local diffusion homogeneity, LDH), can provide supplementary information to traditional intra-voxel metrics (i.e., fractional anisotropy, FA) in white matter (WM) abnormality detection for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging was acquired from 34 T2DM patients and 32 healthy controls. Voxel-based group-difference comparisons based on LDH and FA, as well as the association between the diffusion metrics and T2DM risk factors [i.e., body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure (SBP)], were conducted, with age, gender and education level controlled. Results: Compared to the controls, T2DM patients had higher LDH in the pons and left temporal pole, as well as lower FA in the left superior corona radiation (p < 0.05, corrected). In T2DM, there were several overlapping WM areas associated with BMI as revealed by both LDH and FA, including right temporal lobe and left inferior parietal lobe; but the unique areas revealed only by using LDH included left inferior temporal lobe, right supramarginal gyrus, left pre- and post-central gyrus (at the semiovale center), and right superior radiation. Overlapping WM areas that associated with SBP were found with both LDH and FA, including right temporal pole, bilateral orbitofrontal area (rectus gyrus), the media cingulum bundle, and the right cerebellum crus I. However, the unique areas revealed only by LDH included right inferior temporal lobe, right inferior occipital lobe, and splenium of corpus callosum. Conclusion: Inter- and intra-voxel diffusivity metrics may have different sensitivity in the detection of T2DM-related WM abnormality. We suggested that LDH could provide supplementary information and reveal additional underlying brain changes due to diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liang
- Medical Imaging Research Office, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Xin Tan
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiarui Liu
- Medical Imaging Research Office, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Qin
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Medical Imaging Research Office, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanting Zheng
- Medical Imaging Research Office, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- Medical Imaging Research Office, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxian Chen
- Medical Imaging Research Office, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Leng
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijun Qiu
- Medical Imaging Research Office, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang X, Tong Y, Qi CX, Xu YT, Dan HD, Shen Y. Disrupted topological organization of human brain connectome in diabetic retinopathy patients. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:2487-2502. [PMID: 31695385 PMCID: PMC6717727 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s214325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing neuroimaging evidence that type 2 diabetes patients with retinal microvascular complications show abnormal brain functional and structural architecture and are at an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia. However, changes in the topological properties of the functional brain connectome in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients remain unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the topological organization of the brain connectome in DR patients using graph theory approaches. METHODS Thirty-five DR patients (18 males and 17 females) and 38 healthy controls (HCs) (18 males and 20 females), matched for age, sex, and education, underwent resting-state magnetic resonance imaging scans. Graph theory analysis was performed to investigate the topological properties of brain functional connectome at both global and nodal levels. RESULTS Both DR and HC groups showed high-efficiency small-world network in their brain functional networks. Notably, the DR group showed reduction in the clustering coefficient (P=0.0572) and local efficiency (P=0.0151). Furthermore, the DR group showed reduced nodal centralities in the default-mode network (DMN) and increased nodal centralities in the visual network (VN) (P<0.01, Bonferroni-corrected). The DR group also showed abnormal functional connections among the VN, DMN, salience network (SN), and sensorimotor network (SMN). Altered network metrics and nodal centralities were significantly correlated with visual acuity and fasting blood glucose level in DR patients. CONCLUSION DR patients showed abnormal topological organization of the human brain connectome. Specifically, the DR group showed reduction in the clustering coefficient and local efficiency, relative to HC group. Abnormal nodal centralities and functional disconnections were mainly located in the DMN, VN, SN, and SMN in DR patients. Furthermore, the disrupted topological attributes showed correlations with clinical variables. These findings offer important insight into the neural mechanism of visual loss and cognitive deficits in DR patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Tong
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Xing Qi
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Tao Xu
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Dong Dan
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Shen
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|