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Wang Y, Yuan Y, Shen S, Ge Z, Zhu D, Bi Y. Placenta-derived exosomes exacerbate beta cell dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus through delivery of miR-320b. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1282075. [PMID: 38260139 PMCID: PMC10800463 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1282075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown placenta-derived exosome (pdE) acts as an important mediator of organ-to-organ interplay regulating maternal metabolic alterations, however, the function and mechanisms of placental exosomes on pancreatic β-cell maladaptation in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remain unclear. The purpose of this investigation was to ascertain how placental exosomes affected the β-cell dysfunction associated with the onset of GDM. Exosomes were isolated from chorionic villi explants of pregnant mice and humans with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and GDM. The effects of pdE from GDM on glucose tolerance in vivo and islets function in vitro were determined. Isolated islets from mice fed on the chow diet displayed an increase in apoptosis and observed their glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) greatly diminished by PdE from GDM mice. Mice that accepted PdE from mice with GDM possessed glucose intolerance.Based on miRNA microarray assay and bioinformatics analysis from human placental exosomes, we identified miR-320b selectively enriched in PdE secreted in GDM compared with NGT. Importantly, the level of placental miR-320b was positively correlated with the 1h-glucose and 2-h glucose of a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during human pregnancies. Furthermore, miR-320 overexpression attributed to impaired insulin secretion and increased apoptosis in MIN6 cells and islets obtained from mice with normal insulin sensitivity. This study firstly proposed that altered miRNAs in pdE contribute to defective adaptation of β cells during pregnancy, which expands the knowledge of GDM pathogenesis. Exosomes from the placenta may be an emerging therapeutic target for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanmei Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijuan Ge
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Dalong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China
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2
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Wu T, Shao Y, Li X, Wu T, Yu L, Liang J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Sun T, Zhu Y, Chang X, Wang S, Chen F, Han X. NR3C1/Glucocorticoid receptor activation promotes pancreatic β-cell autophagy overload in response to glucolipotoxicity. Autophagy 2023; 19:2538-2557. [PMID: 37039556 PMCID: PMC10392762 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2200625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a complex and heterogeneous disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Its core cause is progressively impaired insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cell failures, usually upon a background of preexisting insulin resistance. Recent studies demonstrate that macroautophagy/autophagy is essential to maintain architecture and function of β-cells, whereas excessive autophagy is also involved in β-cell dysfunction and death. It has been poorly understood whether autophagy plays a protective or harmful role in β-cells, while we report here that it is dependent on NR3C1/glucocorticoid receptor activation. We proved that deleterious hyperactive autophagy happened only upon NR3C1 activation in β-cells under glucolipotoxic conditions, which eventually promoted diabetes. The transcriptome and the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylome revealed that NR3C1-enhancement upregulated the RNA demethylase FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) protein in β-cells, which caused diminished m6A modifications on mRNAs of four core Atg (autophagy related) genes (Atg12, Atg5, Atg16l2, Atg9a) and, hence, hyperactive autophagy and defective insulin output; by contrast, FTO inhibition, achieved by the specific FTO inhibitor Dac51, prevented NR3C1-instigated excessive autophagy activation. Importantly, Dac51 effectively alleviated impaired insulin secretion and glucose intolerance in hyperglycemic β-cell specific NR3C1 overexpression mice. Our results determine that the NR3C1-FTO-m6A modifications-Atg genes axis acts as a key mediator of balanced autophagic flux in pancreatic β-cells, which offers a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetes.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; AAV: adeno-associated virus; Ac: acetylation; Ad: adenovirus; AL: autolysosome; ATG: autophagy related; AUC: area under curve; Baf A1: bafilomycin A1; βNR3C1 mice: pancreatic β-cell-specific NR3C1 overexpression mice; cFBS: charcoal-stripped FBS; Ctrl: control; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; FTO: fat mass and obesity associated; GC: glucocorticoid; GRE: glucocorticoid response element; GSIS: glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assay; HFD: high-fat diet; HG: high glucose; HsND: non-diabetic human; HsT2D: type 2 diabetic human; i.p.: intraperitoneal injected; KSIS: potassium-stimulated insulin secretion assay; m6A: N6-methyladenosine; MeRIP-seq: methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing; NR3C1/GR: nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1; NR3C1-Enhc.: NR3C1-enhancement; NC: negative control; Palm.: palmitate; RNA-seq: RNA sequencing; T2D: type 2 diabetes; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; UTR: untranslated region; WT: wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixue Shao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xirui Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Zhang J, Chen S, Xiang H, Xiao J, Zhao S, Shu Z, Chai Y, Ouyang J, Liu H, Wang X, Quan Q, Fan J, Gao P, Chen AF, Lu H. S1PR2/Wnt3a/RhoA/ROCK1/β-catenin signaling pathway promotes diabetic nephropathy by inducting endothelial mesenchymal transition and impairing endothelial barrier function. Life Sci 2023:121853. [PMID: 37307963 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are key factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and renal fibrosis is the most common pathway leading to the disease. Endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a crucial mechanism for the production of myofibroblasts, and impaired endothelial barrier function is one of the mechanisms for the generation of microalbuminuria in DN. However, the specific mechanisms behind these are not yet clear. MAIN METHODS Protein expression was detected by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Knocking down or pharmacological inhibition of S1PR2 were used to inhibit Wnt3a, RhoA, ROCK1, β-catenin, and Snail signaling. Changes in cell function were analyzed by CCK-8 method, cell scratching assay, FITC-dextran permeability assay, and Evans blue staining. KEY FINDINGS Consistent with increased gene expression of S1PR2 in DN patients and mice with kidney fibrosis disease, S1PR2 expression was significantly increased in glomerular endothelial cells of DN mice and HUVEC cells treated with glucolipids. Knocking down or pharmacological inhibition of S1PR2 significantly decreased the expression of Wnt3a, RhoA, ROCK1, and β-catenin in endothelial cells. Furthermore, inhibition of S1PR2 in vivo reversed EndMT and endothelial barrier dysfunction in glomerular endothelial cells. Inhibition of S1PR2 and ROCK1 in vitro also reversed EndMT and endothelial barrier dysfunction in endothelial cells. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that the S1PR2/Wnt3a/RhoA/ROCK1/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of DN by inducing EndMT and endothelial barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhua Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shaoli Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihao Shu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanfei Chai
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ouyang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huiqin Liu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueweng Wang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qisheng Quan
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianing Fan
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Development and Regenerative Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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4
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Natalicchio A, Montagnani M, Gallo M, Marrano N, Faggiano A, Zatelli MC, Mazzilli R, Argentiero A, Danesi R, D'Oronzo S, Fogli S, Giuffrida D, Gori S, Ragni A, Renzelli V, Russo A, Franchina T, Tuveri E, Sciacca L, Monami M, Cirino G, Di Cianni G, Colao A, Avogaro A, Cinieri S, Silvestris N, Giorgino F. MiRNA dysregulation underlying common pathways in type 2 diabetes and cancer development: an Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM)/Italian Association of Medical Diabetologists (AMD)/Italian Society of Diabetology (SID)/Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE)/Italian Society of Pharmacology (SIF) multidisciplinary critical view. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101573. [PMID: 37263082 PMCID: PMC10245125 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that patients with diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2D), are characterized by an increased risk of developing different types of cancer, so cancer could be proposed as a new T2D-related complication. On the other hand, cancer may also increase the risk of developing new-onset diabetes, mainly caused by anticancer therapies. Hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and chronic inflammation typical of T2D could represent possible mechanisms involved in cancer development in diabetic patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a subset of non-coding RNAs, ⁓22 nucleotides in length, which control the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression through both translational repression and messenger RNA degradation. Of note, miRNAs have multiple target genes and alteration of their expression has been reported in multiple diseases, including T2D and cancer. Accordingly, specific miRNA-regulated pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of both conditions. In this review, a panel of experts from the Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM), Italian Association of Medical Diabetologists (AMD), Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE), and Italian Society of Pharmacology (SIF) provide a critical view of the evidence about the involvement of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of both T2D and cancer, trying to identify the shared miRNA signature and pathways able to explain the strong correlation between the two conditions, as well as to envision new common pharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Natalicchio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - M Montagnani
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - M Gallo
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, AO SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo of Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - N Marrano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - A Faggiano
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M C Zatelli
- Section of Endocrinology, Geriatrics, and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Mazzilli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Argentiero
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - R Danesi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S D'Oronzo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - S Fogli
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - D Giuffrida
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Viagrande, Catania, Italy
| | - S Gori
- Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Don Calabria-Sacro Cuore di Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - A Ragni
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, AO SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo of Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - V Renzelli
- Diabetologist and Endocrinologist, Italian Association of Clinical Diabetologists, Rome, Italy
| | - A Russo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - T Franchina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - E Tuveri
- Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Service, ASL-Sulcis, Carbonia, Sardinia, Italy
| | - L Sciacca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Monami
- Diabetology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - G Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Di Cianni
- Diabetes Unit, Livorno Hospital, Livorno, Italy
| | - A Colao
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy; UNESCO Chair, Education for Health and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - A Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - S Cinieri
- Medical Oncology Division and Breast Unit, Senatore Antonio Perrino Hospital, ASL Brindisi, Brindisi, Italy
| | - N Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - F Giorgino
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
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5
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Zhao X, Ma Y, Shi M, Huang M, Xin J, Ci S, Chen M, Jiang T, Hu Z, He L, Pan F, Guo Z. Excessive iron inhibits insulin secretion via perturbing transcriptional regulation of SYT7 by OGG1. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:159. [PMID: 37209177 PMCID: PMC11072990 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04802-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although iron overload is closely related to the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the specific mechanism is unclear. Here, we found that excessive iron inhibited the secretion of insulin (INS) and impaired islet β cell function through downregulating Synaptotagmin 7 (SYT7) in iron overload model in vivo and in vitro. Our results further demonstrated that 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), a key protein in the DNA base excision repair, was an upstream regulator of SYT7. Interestingly, such regulation could be suppressed by excessive iron. Ogg1-null mice, iron overload mice and db/db mice exhibit reduced INS secretion, weakened β cell function and subsequently impaired glucose tolerance. Notably, SYT7 overexpression could rescue these phenotypes. Our data revealed an intrinsic mechanism by which excessive iron inhibits INS secretion through perturbing the transcriptional regulation of SYT7 by OGG1, which suggested that SYT7 was a potential target in clinical therapy for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqi Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Munan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Miaoling Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingyu Xin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shusheng Ci
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meimei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lingfeng He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Feiyan Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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6
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Cai Y, Wang M, Zong Y, Li C, Fu S, Xie K. Demethylation of miR-299-5p by aerobic exercise relieves insulin resistance in the vascular endothelium by repressing resistin. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 195:110176. [PMID: 36427628 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Insulin resistance (IR) is a critical marker underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Exercise is reported to prevent IR, yet the mechanism of which is complicated and largely unknown. Here, the study aimed to ascertain whether and how aerobic exercise mediates IR in T2DM. METHODS An in vivo model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced IR and an in vitro model of high-glucose-induced IR were constructed. RESULTS Aerobic exercise training in mice led to attenuation of IR in the vascular endothelium. microRNA-299-5p (miR-299-5p) expression was deficient in T2MD, which could be restored by aerobic exercise through modulating the DNA methylation modification enzymes. The expression of miR-299-5p enhanced by aerobic exercise consequently resulted in ameliorating the IR in vivo. Furthermore, increased levels of nitric oxide (NO), reduced levels of Angiotensin II (Ang II), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in response to miR-299-5p elevation suggested the anti-IR role of miR-299-5p in IR-cell model. Dual-luciferase reporter and ChIP assays identified that miR-299-5p could bind to resistin and hence repressed the resistin level. CONCLUSION The key observation of the study is that aerobic exercise stimulates miR-299-5p-targeted resistin inhibition through demethylation, which underlies the mechanism of reducing IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Yujiao Zong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Siqian Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Kangling Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China.
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7
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Palihaderu PADS, Mendis BILM, Premarathne JMKJK, Dias WKRR, Yeap SK, Ho WY, Dissanayake AS, Rajapakse IH, Karunanayake P, Senarath U, Satharasinghe DA. Therapeutic Potential of miRNAs for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Overview. Epigenet Insights 2022; 15:25168657221130041. [PMID: 36262691 PMCID: PMC9575458 DOI: 10.1177/25168657221130041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA(miRNA)s have been identified as an emerging class for therapeutic
interventions mainly due to their extracellularly stable presence in humans and
animals and their potential for horizontal transmission and action. However,
treating Type 2 diabetes mellitus using this technology has yet been in a
nascent state. MiRNAs play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Type 2
diabetes mellitus establishing the potential for utilizing miRNA-based
therapeutic interventions to treat the disease. Recently, the administration of
miRNA mimics or antimiRs in-vivo has resulted in positive modulation of glucose
and lipid metabolism. Further, several cell culture-based interventions have
suggested beta cell regeneration potential in miRNAs. Nevertheless, few such
miRNA-based therapeutic approaches have reached the clinical phase. Therefore,
future research contributions would identify the possibility of miRNA
therapeutics for tackling T2DM. This article briefly reported recent
developments on miRNA-based therapeutics for treating Type 2 Diabetes mellitus,
associated implications, gaps, and recommendations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- PADS Palihaderu
- Department of Basic Veterinary
Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of
Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - BILM Mendis
- Department of Basic Veterinary
Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of
Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - JMKJK Premarathne
- Department of Livestock and Avian
Sciences, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries, and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri
Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila (NWP), Sri Lanka
| | - WKRR Dias
- Department of North Indian Music,
Faculty of Music, University of the Visual and Performing Arts, Colombo, Sri
Lanka
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences,
Xiamen University Malaysia Campus, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, Sepang,
Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- Division of Biomedical Sciences,
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (Malaysia Campus),
Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - AS Dissanayake
- Department of Clinical Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
| | - IH Rajapakse
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of
Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
| | - P Karunanayake
- Department of Clinical Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - U Senarath
- Department of Community Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - DA Satharasinghe
- Department of Basic Veterinary
Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of
Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka,DA Satharasinghe, Department of Basic
Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science,
University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka.
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8
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Bai R, Zhang T, Gao Y, Shu T, Zhou Y, Wang F, Chang X, Tang W, Zhu Y, Han X. Rab31, a receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) interacting protein, inhibits AGE induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis through the pAKT/BCL2 pathway. Endocr J 2022; 69:1015-1026. [PMID: 35314532 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej21-0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) mediates diverse signal transduction following ligand stimulation and plays an important role in diabetes complications and aging associated disease. We have previously verified that advanced glycation end products (AGE) bind to RAGE to cause pancreatic β-cell apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. However, the direct interacting protein(s) of RAGE in β cells has never been appreciated. In the present study, we utilized GST pull-down assay combined with mass spectrometry to identify the interacting proteins of the RAGE intracellular domain (C-terminal 43 amino acid of RAGE). Overall four RAGE interacting proteins, including Rab31, were identified with scores over 160. Rab31 was detected in three β-cell lines and confirmed to have interacted with RAGE via co-immunoprecipitation and immunostaining assays. This interaction was further enhanced by glycation-serum (GS) stimulation due to membrane distribution of Rab31 following treatment with GS. We further confirmed that Rab31 promoted RAGE endocytosis and inhibited GS-induced β-cell apoptosis through the pAKT/BCL2 pathway. These findings reveal a new RAGE interaction protein Rab31 that prevents AGE/RAGE-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. Rab31 is therefore a promising therapeutic target for preserving functional β cells under diabetes conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjie Bai
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Suzhou Biobank, Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou 215004, China
- Suzhou Institute of Advanced Study in Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Tingting Shu
- Department of Endocrinology, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Yuncai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Fuqiang Wang
- Analysis Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaoai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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9
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Li J, Yan H, Xiang R, Yang W, Ye J, Yin R, Yang J, Chi Y. ATP Secretion and Metabolism in Regulating Pancreatic Beta Cell Functions and Hepatic Glycolipid Metabolism. Front Physiol 2022; 13:918042. [PMID: 35800345 PMCID: PMC9253475 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.918042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes (DM), especially type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has become one of the major diseases severely threatening public health worldwide. Islet beta cell dysfunctions and peripheral insulin resistance including liver and muscle metabolic disorder play decisive roles in the pathogenesis of T2DM. Particularly, increased hepatic gluconeogenesis due to insulin deficiency or resistance is the central event in the development of fasting hyperglycemia. To maintain or restore the functions of islet beta cells and suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis is crucial for delaying or even stopping the progression of T2DM and diabetic complications. As the key energy outcome of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) plays vital roles in the process of almost all the biological activities including metabolic regulation. Cellular adenosine triphosphate participates intracellular energy transfer in all forms of life. Recently, it had also been revealed that ATP can be released by islet beta cells and hepatocytes, and the released ATP and its degraded products including ADP, AMP and adenosine act as important signaling molecules to regulate islet beta cell functions and hepatic glycolipid metabolism via the activation of P2 receptors (ATP receptors). In this review, the latest findings regarding the roles and mechanisms of intracellular and extracellular ATP in regulating islet functions and hepatic glycolipid metabolism would be briefly summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Yan
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weili Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Ye
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), National Center for Trauma Medicine, Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruili Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Center for Endocrine Metabolic and Immune Disease, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jichun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jichun Yang, ; Yujing Chi,
| | - Yujing Chi
- Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jichun Yang, ; Yujing Chi,
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10
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Shen Z, Yu Y, Yang Y, Xiao X, Sun T, Chang X, Tang W, Zhu Y, Han X. miR-25 and miR-92b regulate insulin biosynthesis and pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. Endocrine 2022; 76:526-535. [PMID: 35194770 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic β-cell failure is a central hallmark of the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus; however, the molecular basis underlying chronic inflammation-caused β-cell failure remains unclear. This study reported here specifically assessed the association between miR-25/miR-92b family and β-cell failure in diabetes. METHODS IL-1β and two additional ER stress activators, palmitate and tunicamycin were applied to evaluate the expression level miR-25 by Taqman® RT-PCR. Glucose- and potassium-stimulated insulin secretion assays were performed to assess β-cell function. Dual-luciferase activity, and western blotting assays were utilized for miR-25 target gene verification. CCK-8 and TUNEL staining were used to evaluate β-cell viability and apoptosis. RESULTS miRNA ChIP identified the increased level of miR-25 in INS-1 cells by IL-1β treatment. Expression levels of miR-25 were significantly upregulated with the treatment of IL-1β, palmitate or tunicamycin in both INS-1 cells and human islets. Ectopic elevation of miR-25 recapitulated most featured β-cell defects caused by IL-1β, including inhibition of insulin biosynthesis and increased β-cell apoptosis. These detrimental effects of miR-25 relied on its seed sequence recognition and repressed expression of its target genes Neurod1 and Mcl1. The miR-25/NEUROD1 axis reduced insulin biosynthesis via transcriptional regulation of β-cell specific genes. The miR-25/MCL1 axis caused β-cell apoptosis in a CASPASE-3/PARP1-dependent manner. Comparable impairments were generated by miR-92b and miR-25, emphasizing the redundant biological roles of miRNA family members with the same seed sequence. CONCLUSION MiR-25/miR-92b family plays a major role in β-cell failure occurring under inflammation and diabetes states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongkai Yu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuqian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Islet Cell Senescence and Function Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, Nanjing, 210024, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
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11
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MicroRNA-299a-5p Protects against Spinal Cord Injury through Activating AMPK Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8659587. [PMID: 35602094 PMCID: PMC9122705 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8659587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Inflammation and oxidative stress are implicated in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI). The present study is aimed at investigating the function and molecular basis of microRNA-299a-5p (miR-299a-5p) during SCI in mice. Methods Mice were exposed to SCI surgery and then intrathecally injected with the agomir, antagomir, or matched negative controls of miR-299a-5p to overexpress or silence miR-299a-5p. To inhibit AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mice were intraperitoneally injected with compound C (CC). To overexpress pH domain and leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 1 (PHLPP1), lentiviral vectors were used. Results The miR-299a-5p expression in the spinal cord was dramatically reduced by SCI stimulation. The miR-299a-5p agomir prevents, while the miR-299a-5p antagomir exacerbates inflammation, oxidative stress, and SCI in mice. Mechanistically, we found that miR-299a-5p directly inhibited PHLPP1 and subsequently activated AMPK pathway. The PHLPP1 overexpression of AMPK inhibition with either genetic or pharmacologic methods dramatically abolished the miR-299a-5p agomir-mediated protective effects against SCI. Conclusion miR-299a-5p protects against spinal cord injury through activating AMPK pathway.
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12
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You S, Zheng J, Chen Y, Huang H. Research progress on the mechanism of beta-cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:976465. [PMID: 36060972 PMCID: PMC9434279 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.976465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) is regarded as one of the most severe chronic metabolic diseases worldwide, which poses a great threat to human safety and health. The main feature of T2DM is the deterioration of pancreatic beta-cell function. More and more studies have shown that the decline of pancreatic beta-cell function in T2DM can be attributable to beta-cell apoptosis, but the exact mechanisms of beta-cell apoptosis in T2DM are not yet fully clarified. Therefore, in this review, we will focus on the current status and progress of research on the mechanism of pancreatic beta-cell apoptosis in T2DM, to provide new ideas for T2DM treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- SuFang You
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - JingYi Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - YuPing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - HuiBin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: HuiBin Huang,
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13
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Qian B, Yang Y, Tang N, Wang J, Sun P, Yang N, Chen F, Wu T, Sun T, Li Y, Chang X, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Han X. M1 macrophage-derived exosomes impair beta cell insulin secretion via miR-212-5p by targeting SIRT2 and inhibiting Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway in mice. Diabetologia 2021; 64:2037-2051. [PMID: 34117507 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Macrophage levels are elevated in pancreatic islets, and the resulting inflammatory response is a major contributor to beta cell failure during obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Previous studies by us and others have reported that exosomes released by macrophages play important roles in mediating cell-to-cell communication, and represent a class of inflammatory factors involved in the inflammatory process associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, to date, no reports have demonstrated the effect of macrophage-derived exosomes on beta cells, and little is known regarding their underlying mechanisms in beta cell injury. Thus, we aimed to study the impact of macrophage-derived exosomes on islet beta cell injury in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The phenotypic profiles of islet-resident macrophages were analysed in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Exosomes were collected from the medium of cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and from isolated islet-resident macrophages of HFD-fed mice (HFD-Exos). The role of exosomes secreted by inflammatory M1 phenotype BMDMs (M1-Exos) and HFD-Exos on beta cell function was assessed. An miRNA microarray and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were conducted to test the level of M1-Exos-derived miR-212-5p in beta cells. Then, miR-212-5p was overexpressed or inhibited in M1-Exos or beta cells to determine its molecular and functional impact. RESULTS M1-polarised macrophages were enriched in the islets of obese mice. M1 macrophages and islet-resident macrophages of HFD-fed mice impaired beta cell insulin secretion in an exosome-dependent manner. miR-212-5p was notably upregulated in M1-Exos and HFD-Exos. Enhancing the expression of miR-212-5p impaired beta cell insulin secretion. Blocking miR-212-5p elicited a significant improvement in M1-Exos-mediated beta cell insulin secretion during injury. Mechanistically, M1-Exos mediated an intercellular transfer of the miR-212-5p, targeting the sirtuin 2 gene and regulating the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway in recipient beta cells to restrict insulin secretion. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION A novel exosome-modulated mechanism was delineated for macrophage-beta cell crosstalk that drove beta cell dysfunction and should be explored for its therapeutic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningyuan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yating Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Mechanisms of Beta-Cell Apoptosis in Type 2 Diabetes-Prone Situations and Potential Protection by GLP-1-Based Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105303. [PMID: 34069914 PMCID: PMC8157542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia secondary to the decline of functional beta-cells and is usually accompanied by a reduced sensitivity to insulin. Whereas altered beta-cell function plays a key role in T2D onset, a decreased beta-cell mass was also reported to contribute to the pathophysiology of this metabolic disease. The decreased beta-cell mass in T2D is, at least in part, attributed to beta-cell apoptosis that is triggered by diabetogenic situations such as amyloid deposits, lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. In this review, we discussed the molecular mechanisms involved in pancreatic beta-cell apoptosis under such diabetes-prone situations. Finally, we considered the molecular signaling pathways recruited by glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapies to potentially protect beta-cells from death under diabetogenic situations.
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15
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Wang TY, Liu XJ, Xie JY, Yuan QZ, Wang Y. Cask methylation involved in the injury of insulin secretion function caused by interleukin1-β. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:14247-14256. [PMID: 33188567 PMCID: PMC7753871 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet inflammation severely impairs pancreatic β‐cell function, but the specific mechanisms are still unclear. Interleukin1‐β (IL‐1β), an essential inflammatory factor, exerts a vital role in multiple physio‐pathologic processes, including diabetes. Calcium/calmodulin‐dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) is an important regulator especially in insulin secretion process. This study aims to unveil the function of CASK in IL‐1β–induced insulin secretion dysfunction and the possible mechanism thereof. Islets of Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rats and INS‐1 cells stimulated with IL‐1β were utilized as models of chronic inflammation. Insulin secretion function associated with Cask and DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) expression were assessed. The possible mechanisms of IL‐1β‐induced pancreatic β‐cell dysfunction were also explored. In this study, CASK overexpression effectively improved IL‐1β‐induced islet β‐cells dysfunction, increased insulin secretion. DNA methyltransferases and the level of methylation in the promoter region of Cask were elevated after IL‐1β administration. Methyltransferase inhibitor 5‐Aza‐2’‐deoxycytidine (5‐Aza‐dC) and si‐DNMTs partially up‐regulated CASK expression and reversed potassium stimulated insulin secretion (KSIS) and glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) function under IL‐1β treatment in INS‐1 and rat islets. These results reveal a previously unknown effect of IL‐1β on insulin secretion dysfunction and demonstrate a novel pathway for Cask silencing based on activation of DNA methyltransferases via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and modification of gene promoter methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing-Jing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Yang Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing-Zhao Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Sun Y, Zhou S, Shi Y, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Liu K, Zhu Y, Han X. Inhibition of miR-153, an IL-1β-responsive miRNA, prevents beta cell failure and inflammation-associated diabetes. Metabolism 2020; 111:154335. [PMID: 32795559 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic levels of up-regulated IL-1β and IL-1 receptors promote the pathogenesis of inflammation-associated diabetes. IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-Ra) has shown slightly elevated beta cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes without significant improvement of hyperglycaemia. We investigated whether miR-153, an IL-1β responsive miRNA, could mimic IL-1β effects and whether its interruption would improve blood glucose control then offer an assistant curative approach to inflammation-associated diabetes. MATERIALS/METHODS Antago-miR-153 and Ago-miR-153 were injected into the abdominal aorta of leptin receptor-mutant db/db mice and C57BL/6 J mice, respectively. Blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance tests, insulin tolerance tests and insulin levels were regularly checked. Proteomic profiling combined with unbiased bioinformatics analysis, as well as experimental techniques, were utilized to identify target genes of miR-153. Anti-miR-153 and plasmid-based recovery assays were also performed using primary mouse islets and beta cell lines. RESULTS The miR-153 expression level was increased in IL-1β-treated beta cells and primary islets from the diabetic rodents. Pancreas overexpression of miR-153 caused glucose intolerance in C57BL/6 J mice but no alterations in body weight or insulin sensitivity. The inhibition of miR-153 temporarily reduced hyperglycaemia of db/db mice due to enhanced insulin secretion. Antago-miR-153 treatment ameliorated glucose intolerance in db/db mice during our observation period but did not improve insulin sensitivity. Mechanistically, miR-153 targeted three members of SNAREs to disturb insulin granule docking, thereby decreasing basal insulin secretion. Overexpression of anti-miR-153 or SNARE rescued the IL-1β-induced basal insulin secretion defect. Furthermore, miR-153 targeted beta cell-specific transcriptional factors and survival molecules to inhibit insulin biosynthesis and cell viability. CONCLUSIONS The IL-1β-responsive miR-153 targets SNAREs, beta cell specific TFs and other key factors to eventually causes beta cell failure. Inhibiting miR-153 with Antago-miR-153 prevents hyperglycaemia in db/db mice, indicating that miR-153 may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammation-associated diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shixiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuncai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kerong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Maitra A, Sarkar MC, Raheja H, Biswas NK, Chakraborti S, Singh AK, Ghosh S, Sarkar S, Patra S, Mondal RK, Ghosh T, Chatterjee A, Banu H, Majumdar A, Chinnaswamy S, Srinivasan N, Dutta S, Das S. Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA identified in Eastern India: Possible implications for the ongoing outbreak in India and impact on viral structure and host susceptibility. J Biosci 2020. [PMID: 32515358 PMCID: PMC7269891 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Direct massively parallel sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 genome was undertaken from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples of infected individuals in Eastern India. Seven of the isolates belonged to the A2a clade, while one belonged to the B4 clade. Specific mutations, characteristic of the A2a clade, were also detected, which included the P323L in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and D614G in the Spike glycoprotein. Further, our data revealed emergence of novel subclones harbouring nonsynonymous mutations, viz. G1124V in Spike (S) protein, R203K, and G204R in the nucleocapsid (N) protein. The N protein mutations reside in the SR-rich region involved in viral capsid formation and the S protein mutation is in the S2 domain, which is involved in triggering viral fusion with the host cell membrane. Interesting correlation was observed between these mutations and travel or contact history of COVID-19 positive cases. Consequent alterations of miRNA binding and structure were also predicted for these mutations. More importantly, the possible implications of mutation D614G (in SD domain) and G1124V (in S2 subunit) on the structural stability of S protein have also been discussed. Results report for the first time a bird’s eye view on the accumulation of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 genome in Eastern India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Maitra
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, PO: NSS, Kalyani, 741 251 India
| | - Mamta Chawla Sarkar
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beleghata, Kolkata, 700 010 India
| | - Harsha Raheja
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560 012 India
| | - Nidhan K Biswas
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, PO: NSS, Kalyani, 741 251 India
| | - Sohini Chakraborti
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560 012 India
| | | | - Shekhar Ghosh
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, PO: NSS, Kalyani, 741 251 India
| | - Sumanta Sarkar
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, PO: NSS, Kalyani, 741 251 India
| | - Subrata Patra
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, PO: NSS, Kalyani, 741 251 India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Mondal
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, PO: NSS, Kalyani, 741 251 India
| | - Trinath Ghosh
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, PO: NSS, Kalyani, 741 251 India
| | - Ananya Chatterjee
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beleghata, Kolkata, 700 010 India
| | - Hasina Banu
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beleghata, Kolkata, 700 010 India
| | - Agniva Majumdar
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beleghata, Kolkata, 700 010 India
| | | | | | - Shanta Dutta
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beleghata, Kolkata, 700 010 India
| | - Saumitra Das
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, PO: NSS, Kalyani, 741 251 India
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560 012 India
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18
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Wu T, Zhang S, Xu J, Zhang Y, Sun T, Shao Y, Wang J, Tang W, Chen F, Han X. HRD1, an Important Player in Pancreatic β-Cell Failure and Therapeutic Target for Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Diabetes 2020; 69:940-953. [PMID: 32086291 DOI: 10.2337/db19-1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Inadequate insulin secretion in response to glucose is an important factor for β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although HMG-CoA reductase degradation 1 (HRD1), a subunit of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation complex, plays a pivotal role in β-cell function, HRD1 elevation in a diabetic setting contributes to β-cell dysfunction. We report in this study the excessive HRD1 expression in islets from humans with T2D and T2D mice. Functional studies reveal that β-cell-specific HRD1 overexpression triggers impaired insulin secretion that will ultimately lead to severe hyperglycemia; by contrast, HRD1 knockdown improves glucose control and response in diabetic models. Proteomic analysis results reveal a large HRD1 interactome, which includes v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MafA), a master regulator of genes implicated in the maintenance of β-cell function. Furthermore, mechanistic assay results indicate that HRD1 is a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets MafA for ubiquitination and degradation in diabetic β-cells, resulting in cytoplasmic accumulation of MafA and in the reduction of its biological function in the nucleus. Our results not only reveal the pathological importance of excessive HRD1 in β-cell dysfunction but also establish the therapeutic importance of targeting HRD1 in order to prevent MafA loss and suppress the development of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jialiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixue Shao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Islet Cell Senescence and Function Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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19
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Huang Q, Chen Y, Shen S, Wang Y, Liu L, Wu S, Xu W, Zhao W, Lin M, Wu J. Klotho antagonizes pulmonary fibrosis through suppressing pulmonary fibroblasts activation, migration, and extracellular matrix production: a therapeutic implication for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:5812-5831. [PMID: 32244228 PMCID: PMC7185122 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has been widely accepted as an aging-related fatal lung disease with a therapeutic impasse, largely a consequence of the complex and polygenic gene architecture underlying the molecular pathology of IPF. Here, by conducting an integrative network analysis on the largest IPF case-control RNA-seq dataset to date, we attributed the systems-level alteration in IPF to disruptions in a handful of biological processes including cell migration, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling and extracellular matrix (ECM), and identified klotho (KL), a typical anti-aging molecule, as a potential master regulator of those disease-relevant processes. Following experiments showed reduced Kl in isolated pulmonary fibroblasts from bleomycin-exposed mice, and demonstrated that recombinant KL effectively mitigated pulmonary fibrosis in an ex vivo model and alleviated TGF-β-induced pulmonary fibroblasts activation, migration, and ECM production in vitro, which was partially ascribed to FOXF1 and CAV1, two highly co-expressed genes of KL in the IPF. Overall, KL appears to be a vital regulator during pulmonary fibrosis. Given that administration of exogenous KL is a feasible treatment strategy, our work highlighted a promising target gene that could be easily manipulated, leaving the field well placed to further explore the therapeutic potential of KL for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatrics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Geriatrics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoran Shen
- Key Laboratory of Geriatrics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liya Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatrics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatrics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatrics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingyan Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianqing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatrics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
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20
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Weir GC. Glucolipotoxicity, β-Cells, and Diabetes: The Emperor Has No Clothes. Diabetes 2020; 69:273-278. [PMID: 31519699 PMCID: PMC7034184 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of β-cell mass and function is central to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. The terms glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity, and glucolipotoxicity are used to describe potentially responsible processes. The premise is that chronically elevated glucose levels are toxic to β-cells, that elevated lipid levels in the form of circulating free fatty acids (FFA) also have toxic effects, and that the combination of the two, glucolipotoxicity, is particularly harmful. Much work has shown that high concentrations of FFA can be very damaging to β-cells when used for in vitro experiments, and when infused in large amounts in humans and rodents they produce suppression of insulin secretion. The purpose of this Perspective is to raise doubts about whether the FFA levels found in real-life situations are ever high enough to cause problems. Evidence supporting the importance of glucotoxicity is strong because there is such a tight correlation between defective insulin secretion and rising glucose levels. However, there is virtually no convincing evidence that the alterations in FFA levels occurring during progression to diabetes are pathogenic. Thus, the terms lipotoxicity and glucolipotoxicity should be used with great caution, if at all, because evidence supporting their importance has not yet emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon C Weir
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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21
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Sun T, Han X. Death versus dedifferentiation: The molecular bases of beta cell mass reduction in type 2 diabetes. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 103:76-82. [PMID: 31831356 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is currently affecting more than 425 million people worldwide, among which over 90 % of the cases belong to type 2 diabetes. The number is growing quickly every year. Together with its many complications, the disease is causing tremendous social and economic burden and is classified as one of the leading causes of high morbidity and mortality rate. Residing in the islets of Langerhans, pancreatic beta cell serves as a central mediator in glucose homeostasis through secreting insulin, the only hormone that could reduce glucose level in the body, into the blood. Abnormality in pancreatic beta cell is generally considered as the fundamental reason which is responsible for the development of diabetes. Evidence shows that beta cell mass is greatly reduced in the biopsy of type 2 diabetic patients. Since then, large amount of research was conducted in order to decipher the molecular mechanisms behind the phenotype above and enormous progression has been made. The aim of this review is to summarize and provide a rudimentary molecular road map for beta cell mass reduction from the aspects of apoptosis and dedifferentiation based on recent research advances. Hopefully, this review could give the community some enlightenment for the next-step research and, more importantly, could provide avenues for developing novel and effective therapies to restrain or reverse beta cell loss in type 2 diabetes in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211100, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Jeffery N, Harries LW. miRNAs responsive to the diabetic microenvironment in the human beta cell line EndoC-βH1 may target genes in the FOXO, HIPPO and Lysine degradation pathways. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111559. [PMID: 31425691 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Altered expression of miRNAs is evident in the islets of diabetic human donors, but the effects of specific aspects of the diabetic microenvironment and identity of gene ontology pathways demonstrating target gene enrichment in response to each is understudied. We assessed changes in the miRNA milieu in response to high/low glucose, hypoxia, dyslipidaemia and inflammatory factors in a humanised EndoC-βH1 beta cell culture system and performed miRPath analysis for each treatment individually. The 10 miRNAs demonstrating the greatest dysregulation across treatments were then independently validated and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to confirm targeted pathways undertaken. 171 of 392 miRNAs displayed altered expression in response to one or more cellular stressors. miRNA changes were treatment specific, but their target genes were enriched in conserved pathways. 5 miRNAs (miR-136-5p, miR299-5p, miR-454-5p, miR-152 and miR-185) were dysregulated in response to multiple stressors and survived validation in independent samples (p = 0.008, 0.002, 0.012, 0.005 and 0.024 respectively). Target genes of dysregulated miRNAs were clustered into FOXO1, HIPPO and Lysine degradation pathways (p = 0.02, p = 5.84 × 10-5 and p = 3.00 × 10-3 respectively). We provide evidence that the diabetic microenvironment may induce changes to the expression of miRNAs targeting genes enriched in pathways involved in cell stress response and cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Jeffery
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Lorna W Harries
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK.
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23
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LncRNA LEGLTBC Functions as a ceRNA to Antagonize the Effects of miR-34a on the Downregulation of SIRT1 in Glucolipotoxicity-Induced INS-1 Beta Cell Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4010764. [PMID: 31737170 PMCID: PMC6815544 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4010764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose and/or high serum free fatty acids. Chronic hyperlipidemia causes the dysfunction of pancreatic beta cells, which is aggravated in the presence of hyperglycemia (glucolipotoxicity). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been suggested to play key roles in type 1 diabetes mellitus development. However, their roles in glucolipotoxicity-induced beta cell dysfunction are not fully understood. In the present study, we identified the differentially expressed lncRNAs in INS-1 cells exposed to high glucose and palmitate (HG/PA). Among the dysregulated lncRNAs, NONRATT003679.2 (low expression in glucolipotoxicity-treated beta cells (LEGLTBC)) was involved in glucolipotoxicity-evoked rat islet beta cell damage. LEGLTBC functioned as a molecular sponge of miR-34a in INS-1 cells. Additionally, SIRT1 was identified as a target of miR-34a and LEGLTBC promoted SIRT1 expression by sponging miR-34a. The upregulation of LEGLTBC attenuated HG/PA-induced INS-1 cell injury through the promotion of SIRT1-mediated suppression of ROS accumulation and apoptosis. This is the first study to comprehensively identify the lncRNA expression profiling of HG/PA-treated INS-1 beta cells and to demonstrate that LEGLTBC functions as a competing endogenous RNA and regulates miR-34a/SIRT1-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis in INS-1 cells undergoing glucolipotoxicity.
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24
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MicroRNA-181c Inhibits Interleukin-6-mediated Beta Cell Apoptosis by Targeting TNF-α Expression. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071410. [PMID: 30974824 PMCID: PMC6480349 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that long-term treatment of beta cells with interleukin-6 (IL-6) is pro-apoptotic. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms that are involved. Therefore, we investigated pro-apoptotic changes in mRNA expression in beta cells in response to IL-6 treatment. We analyzed a microarray with RNA from INS-1 beta cells treated with IL-6, and found that TNF-α mRNA was significantly upregulated. Inhibition of TNF-α expression by neutralizing antibodies significantly decreased annexin V staining in cells compared with those treated with a control antibody. We identified three microRNAs that were differentially expressed in INS-1 cells incubated with IL-6. In particular, miR-181c was significantly downregulated in IL-6-treated cells compared with control cells and the decrease of miR-181c was attenuated by STAT-3 signaling inhibition. TNF-α mRNA was a direct target of miR-181c and upregulation of miR-181c by mimics, inhibited IL-6-induced increase in TNF-α mRNA expression. Consequently, reduction of TNF-α mRNA caused by miR-181c mimics enhanced cell viability in IL-6 treated INS-1 cells. These results demonstrated that miR-181c regulation of TNF-α expression plays a role in IL-6-induced beta cell apoptosis.
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25
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SAD-A, a downstream mediator of GLP-1 signaling, promotes the phosphorylation of Bad S155 to regulate in vitro β-cell functions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 509:76-81. [PMID: 30573363 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The incretin hormone GLP-1 reduces β-cell failure in patients with type 2 diabetes. Previous studies demonstrated that GLP-1 activates SAD-A, a member of the AMPK family, to regulate glucose-stimulated secretion (GSIS), but the underlying mechanisms of SAD-A regulation of β-cell functions remain poorly understood. Here, we propose that activation of SAD-A by GLP-1 promotes the phosphorylation of Bad S155, which in turn positively affects GSIS and β-cell survival. Bad therefore appears to be a downstream molecule of a SAD-A pathway that mediates the GLP-1-triggered reduction in β-cell failure. Knockdown of endogenous SAD-A expression significantly exacerbated in vitro β-cell dysfunction under lipotoxic conditions and promoted lipotoxicity-induced apoptosis, whereas overexpression of SAD-A inhibited β-cell apoptosis. SAD-A silencing increased ER stress and inhibited the autophagic flux, which contributed to β-cell apoptosis. Thus, SAD-A appears to function as a downstream molecule of GLP-1 signaling that results in Bad S155 phosphorylation. This phosphorylation might therefore be involved in the GLP-1-linked protection against β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis.
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