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Martinez MA, Dillon KN, Kang Y, Maharaj A, Fischer SM, Figueroa A. Endothelial dysfunction influences augmented aortic hemodynamic responses to metaboreflex activation in postmenopausal women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:2603-2613. [PMID: 38607608 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05476-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Postmenopausal women experience augmented aortic hemodynamic responses to isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise and metaboreflex activation post-exercise muscle ischemia (PEMI). Relationships between endothelial function brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and aortic stiffness carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) with aortic pulsatile hemodynamics during IHG and PEMI have not been determined. The relationships between aortic hemodynamic responses to PEMI were evaluated. METHODS Aortic blood pressure (BP), wave reflection, and pressure of forward (Pf) and backward (Pb) waves were measured using arterial tonometry at rest, IHG at 30% maximal force, and PEMI in 30 (15/group) postmenopausal women with low (≤ 4.5%) and normal (≥ 5.5%) FMD. Hemodynamic responses were analyzed as the change (Δ) from rest to the last minute of IHG and PEMI. RESULTS Brachial and aortic systolic BP (SBP) responses to IHG were higher in the low vs normal FMD group (P < 0.05). Aortic SBP (Δ20 ± 8 vs Δ11 ± 7 mmHg), pulse pressure (PP) (Δ12 ± 8 vs Δ6 ± 4 mmHg), augmented pressure (AP) (Δ5 ± 3 vs Δ2 ± 2 mmHg), and Pb (Δ6 ± 4 vs Δ3 ± 2 mmHg) responses to PEMI were greater (P < 0.05) in women with low vs. normal FMD. FMD was negatively correlated with aortic SBP, PP, AP, and Pb (P < 0.05) responses to PEMI. cfPWV was not correlated with responses to PEMI. CONCLUSION Endothelial dysfunction relates to augmented aortic pulsatile load during metaboreflex activation, which may increase cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio A Martinez
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, 3204 Main St, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Katherine N Dillon
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, 3204 Main St, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Yejin Kang
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, 3204 Main St, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Arun Maharaj
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, 3204 Main St, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Stephen M Fischer
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, 3204 Main St, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Arturo Figueroa
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, 3204 Main St, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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2
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Craige S, Kaur G, Bond J, Caliz A, Kant S, Keaney J. Endothelial Reactive Oxygen Species: Key Players in Cardiovascular Health and Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 39213161 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2024.0706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Endothelial cells (ECs) line the entire vasculature system and serve as both barriers and facilitators of intra- and inter-organ communication. Positioned to rapidly sense internal and external stressors, ECs dynamically adjust their functionality. Endothelial dysfunction occurs when the ability of ECs to react to stressors is impaired, which precedes many cardiovascular diseases. While EC reactive oxygen species (ROS) have historically been implicated as mediators of endothelial dysfunction, more recent studies highlight the central role of ROS in physiological endothelial signaling. RECENT ADVANCES New evidence has uncovered that EC ROS are fundamental in determining how ECs interact with their environment and respond to stress. EC ROS levels are mediated by external factors such as diet and pathogens, as well as inherent characteristics, including sex and location. Changes in EC ROS impact EC function, leading to changes in metabolism, cell communication, and potentially disrupted signaling in cardiovascular diseases. CRITICAL ISSUES Current endothelial biology concepts integrate the dual nature of ROS, emphasizing the importance of EC ROS in physiological stress adaptation and their contribution to cardiovascular diseases. Understanding the discrete, localized signaling of EC ROS will be critical in preventing adverse cardiovascular outcomes. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Exploring how the EC ROS environment alters EC function and cross-cellular communication is critical. Considering the inherent heterogeneity among EC populations, understanding how EC ROS contribute to this diversity and the role of sexual dimorphism in the EC ROS environment will be fundamental for developing new, effective cardiovascular treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaganpreet Kaur
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States;
| | - Jacob Bond
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States;
| | - Amada Caliz
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States;
| | - Shashi Kant
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, 4 Blackfan Circle, Room 614, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02115-6195;
| | - John Keaney
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States;
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Christodoulou A, Nikolaou PE, Symeonidi L, Katogiannis K, Pechlivani L, Nikou T, Varela A, Chania C, Zerikiotis S, Efentakis P, Vlachodimitropoulos D, Katsoulas N, Agapaki A, Dimitriou C, Tsoumani M, Kostomitsopoulos N, Davos CH, Skaltsounis AL, Tselepis A, Halabalaki M, Tseti I, Iliodromitis EK, Ikonomidis I, Andreadou I. Cardioprotective potential of oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, oleocanthal and their combination: Unravelling complementary effects on acute myocardial infarction and metabolic syndrome. Redox Biol 2024; 76:103311. [PMID: 39153251 PMCID: PMC11378258 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies have previously established the role of olive products in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention, whilst the identification of the responsible constituents for the beneficial effects is still pending. We sought to assess and compare the cardioprotective potential of oleuropein (OL), hydroxytyrosol (HT), oleocanthal (OC) and oleanolic Acid (OA), regarding Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury (IRI) and CVD risk factors alleviation. The scope of the study was to design a potent and safe combinatorial therapy for high-cardiovascular-risk patients on a bench-to-bedside approach. We evaluated the IRI-limiting potential of 6-weeks treatment with OL, HT, OC or OA at nutritional doses, in healthy and metabolic syndrome (MS)-burdened mice. Three combinatorial regimens were designed and the mixture with preponderant benefits (OL-HT-OC, Combo 2), including infarct sparing and antiglycemic potency, compared to the isolated compounds, was further investigated for its anti-atherosclerotic effects. In vivo experiments revealed that the combination regimen of Combo 2 presented the most favorable effects in limiting infarct size and hyperglycemia, which was selected to be further investigated in the clinical setting in Chronic Coronary Artery Syndrome (CCAS) patients. Cardiac function, inflammation markers and oxidative stress were assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment with the OL-HT-OC supplement in the clinical study. We found that OL, OC and OA significantly reduced infarct size in vivo compared to Controls. OL exhibited antihyperglycemic properties and OA attenuated hypercholesterolemia. OL-HT-OA, OL-HT-OC and OL-HT-OC-OA combination regimens were cardioprotective, whereas only OL-HT-OC mitigated hyperglycemia. Combo 2 cardioprotection was attributed to apoptosis suppression, enhanced antioxidant effects and upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. Additionally, it reduced atherosclerotic plaque extent in vivo. OL-HT-OC supplement ameliorated cardiac, vascular and endothelial function in the small-scale clinical study. Conclusively, OL-HT-OC combination therapy exerts potent cardioprotective, antihyperglycemic and anti-atherosclerotic properties in vivo, with remarkable and clinically translatable cardiovascular benefits in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriana Christodoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota-Efstathia Nikolaou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Lydia Symeonidi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Katogiannis
- Laboratory of Echocardiography and Preventive Cardiology, Second Cardiology Department, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Louisa Pechlivani
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Theodora Nikou
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aimilia Varela
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Chania
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Stelios Zerikiotis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Efentakis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Vlachodimitropoulos
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Katsoulas
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Agapaki
- Histochemistry Unit, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Costantinos Dimitriou
- Centre of Clinical Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Tsoumani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kostomitsopoulos
- Centre of Clinical Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos H Davos
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios Leandros Skaltsounis
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Tselepis
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Ignatios Ikonomidis
- Laboratory of Echocardiography and Preventive Cardiology, Second Cardiology Department, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, Athens, Greece.
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4
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Florido MHC, Ziats NP. Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases: The role of human induced pluripotent stem cells and tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1286-1304. [PMID: 38230548 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains to be the leading cause of death globally today and therefore the need for the development of novel therapies has become increasingly important in the cardiovascular field. The mechanism(s) behind the pathophysiology of CVD have been laboriously investigated in both stem cell and bioengineering laboratories. Scientific breakthroughs have paved the way to better mimic cell types of interest in recent years, with the ability to generate any cell type from reprogrammed human pluripotent stem cells. Mimicking the native extracellular matrix using both organic and inorganic biomaterials has allowed full organs to be recapitulated in vitro. In this paper, we will review techniques from both stem cell biology and bioengineering which have been fruitfully combined and have fueled advances in the cardiovascular disease field. We will provide a brief introduction to CVD, reviewing some of the recent studies as related to the role of endothelial cells and endothelial cell dysfunction. Recent advances and the techniques widely used in both bioengineering and stem cell biology will be discussed, providing a broad overview of the collaboration between these two fields and their overall impact on tissue engineering in the cardiovascular devices and implications for treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary H C Florido
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas P Ziats
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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5
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Mylonas N, Nikolaou PE, Karakasis P, Stachteas P, Fragakis N, Andreadou I. Endothelial Protection by Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors: A Literature Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7274. [PMID: 39000380 PMCID: PMC11242615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction often precedes the development of cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure. The cardioprotective benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) could be explained by their favorable impact on the endothelium. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the direct in vitro effects of SGLT2is on endothelial cells, as well as the systematic observations in preclinical models. Four putative mechanisms are explored: oxidative stress, nitric oxide (NO)-mediated pathways, inflammation, and endothelial cell survival and proliferation. Both in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that SGLT2is share a class effect on attenuating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and on enhancing the NO bioavailability by increasing endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and by reducing NO scavenging by ROS. Moreover, SGLT2is significantly suppress inflammation by preventing endothelial expression of adhesion receptors and pro-inflammatory chemokines in vivo, indicating another class effect for endothelial protection. However, in vitro studies have not consistently shown regulation of adhesion molecule expression by SGLT2is. While SGLT2is improve endothelial cell survival under cell death-inducing stimuli, their impact on angiogenesis remains uncertain. Further experimental studies are required to accurately determine the interplay among these mechanisms in various cardiovascular complications, including heart failure and acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Mylonas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.M.); (P.E.N.)
| | - Panagiota Efstathia Nikolaou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.M.); (P.E.N.)
| | - Paschalis Karakasis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (P.K.); (P.S.); (N.F.)
| | - Panagiotis Stachteas
- Second Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (P.K.); (P.S.); (N.F.)
| | - Nikolaos Fragakis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (P.K.); (P.S.); (N.F.)
- Outpatient Department of Cardiometabolic Medicine, Second Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.M.); (P.E.N.)
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6
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Guo L, Zong Y, Yang W, Lin Y, Feng Q, Yu C, Liu X, Li C, Zhang W, Wang R, Li L, Pei Y, Wang H, Liu D, Niu H, Nie L. DCBLD2 deletion increases hyperglycemia and induces vascular remodeling by inhibiting insulin receptor recycling in endothelial cells. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38872483 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Discoidin, CUB, LCCL domain-containing 2 (DCBLD2) is a type I transmembrane protein with a similar structure to neuropilin, which acts as a co-receptor for certain receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). The insulin receptor is an RTK and plays a critical role in endothelial cell function and glycolysis. However, how and whether DCBLD2 regulates insulin receptor activity in endothelial cells is poorly understood. Diabetes was induced through treatment of Dcbld2 global-genome knockout mice and endothelium-specific knockout mice with streptozotocin. Vascular ultrasound, vascular tension test, and hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed to assess endothelial function and aortic remodeling. Glycolytic rate assays, real-time PCR and western blotting were used to investigate the effects of DCBLD2 on glycolytic activity and insulin receptor (InsR)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway in endothelial cells. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to assess the effects of DCBLD2 on insulin receptor endocytosis and recycling. Membrane and cytoplasmic proteins were isolated to determine whether DCBLD2 could affect the localization of the insulin receptor. We found that Dcbld2 deletion exacerbated endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling in diabetic mice. Both Dcbld2 knockdown and Dcbld2 deletion inhibited glycolysis and the InsR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in endothelial cells. Furthermore, Dcbld2 deletion inhibited insulin receptor recycling. Taken together, Dcbld2 deficiency exacerbated diabetic endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling by inhibiting the InsR/PI3K/Akt pathway in endothelial cells through the inhibition of Rab11-dependent insulin receptor recycling. Our data suggest that DCBLD2 is a potential therapeutic target for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanhong Zong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weiwei Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanling Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Runtao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lijing Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunli Pei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huifang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Demin Liu
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Honglin Niu
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Nie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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7
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Irankhah K, Asadimehr S, Kiani B, Jamali J, Rezvani R, Sobhani SR. Investigating the role of the built environment, socio-economic status, and lifestyle factors in the prevalence of chronic diseases in Mashhad: PLS-SEM model. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1358423. [PMID: 38813428 PMCID: PMC11133713 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1358423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic diseases remain a significant contributor to both mortality and disability in our modern world. Physical inactivity and an unhealthy diet are recognized as significant behavioral risk factors for chronic diseases, which can be influenced by the built environment and socio-economic status (SES). This study aims to investigate the relationship between the built environment, SES, and lifestyle factors with chronic diseases. Methods The current study was conducted in Mashhad's Persian cohort, which included employees from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS). In the study, 5,357 participants from the cohort were included. To assess the state of the built environment in Mashhad, a Geographic Information System (GIS) map was created for the city and participants in the Persian Mashhad study. Food intake and physical exercise were used to assess lifestyle. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess food intake. To assess food intake, the diet quality index was computed. To assess the link between variables, the structural model was created in accordance with the study's objectives, and partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized. Results The chronic diseases were positively associated with male sex (p < 0.001), married (p < 0.001), and higher age (p < 0.001). The chronic diseases were negatively associated with larger family size (p < 0.05), higher SES (p < 0.001), and higher diet quality index (DQI) (p < 0.001). No significant relationship was found between chronic disease and physical activity. Conclusion Food intake and socioeconomic status have a direct impact on the prevalence of chronic diseases. It seems that in order to reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases, increasing economic access, reducing the class gap and increasing literacy and awareness should be emphasized, and in the next step, emphasis should be placed on the built environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyavash Irankhah
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soheil Asadimehr
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Behzad Kiani
- UQ Center for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jamshid Jamali
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Rezvani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyyed Reza Sobhani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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8
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Bartsch BL, Hazen EM, Montgomery RN, Trieu C, Britton-Carpenter AJ, Billinger SA. Peripheral vascular function in stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:1182-1194. [PMID: 38482571 PMCID: PMC11368525 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00601.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral vascular dysfunction, measured as flow-mediated dilation (FMD), is present across all phases of stroke recovery and elevates the risk for recurrent cardiovascular events. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to characterize baseline FMD in individuals' poststroke, with consideration for each phase of stroke recovery. Three databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase) were searched between January 1, 2000 and October 12, 2023 for studies that examined baseline FMD in stroke. Three reviewers conducted abstract and full-text screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. A random effects model was used to estimate FMD across studies. Meta-regression was used to examine the impact of age and time since stroke (acute, subacute, chronic) on FMD. Twenty-eight studies with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke were included. Descriptive statistics for the demographics and FMD values of each study are presented. For the meta-analysis, average estimate FMD was 3.9% (95% CI: 2.5-5.3%). We report a large amount of heterogeneity (Cochrane's Q P value <0.001, and I2 = 99.6%). Differences in average age and the time poststroke between studies were not significantly associated with differences in FMD values. Despite the large heterogeneity for FMD values across studies, our primary finding suggests that FMD remains impaired across all phases of stroke.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This systematic review and meta-analysis offers invaluable insight into poststroke vascular function. Despite the inherent heterogeneity among the 28 studies analyzed, we report that peripheral vascular dysfunction, as quantified by flow-mediated dilation, exists across all stages of stroke recovery. This finding underscores the importance for interventions that focus on improving vascular health and secondary stroke prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bria L Bartsch
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science, and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Emily M Hazen
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Robert N Montgomery
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Calvin Trieu
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | | | - Sandra A Billinger
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Fairway, Kansas, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
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9
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Ali M, Tantawi M, Kamel AH, Tameemi ZF, Rezk AA, Abdo M, Mostafa RS, Ramadan A, Elmasry M, Bahbah EI. Endothelial Function Responses to Nigella sativa (Black Seed) Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Cureus 2024; 16:e61047. [PMID: 38915995 PMCID: PMC11195321 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Nigella sativa (NS), commonly known as black cumin or black seed, is a medicinal plant with a rich history of traditional use in various cultures. Recent research has shed light on its potential therapeutic properties, particularly its effects on endothelial markers involved in inflammatory processes. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the endothelial function responses, including intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), to NS supplementation. We systematically searched Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases from inception until August 5, 2023. Comparative randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Pairwise meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan version 5.4 for Windows. Pooled data were reported as mean difference (MD), with their 95% confidence interval (CI). The present meta-analysis included three RCTs, which included 146 patients. The pooled random-effect size showed no difference between the NS group and the control group in terms of ICAM (MD = -59.32, 95% CI: -137.18 to 18.54; p = 0.14) and VCAM (MD = -200.1, 95% CI: -429.9 to 29.69; p = 0.09). The pooled data were severely heterogeneous. In conclusion, NS supplementation does not have a significant impact on the endothelial function of patients with CVD or the risks of CVD. Further comparative RCTs with larger sample sizes and more diverse populations are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of NS in different clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Ali
- Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, EGY
| | | | | | | | - Afnan A Rezk
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EGY
| | - Mahmoud Abdo
- Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MYS
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10
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Cui X, Buonfiglio F, Pfeiffer N, Gericke A. Aging in Ocular Blood Vessels: Molecular Insights and the Role of Oxidative Stress. Biomedicines 2024; 12:817. [PMID: 38672172 PMCID: PMC11048681 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acknowledged as a significant pathogenetic driver for numerous diseases, aging has become a focal point in addressing the profound changes associated with increasing human life expectancy, posing a critical concern for global public health. Emerging evidence suggests that factors influencing vascular aging extend their impact to choroidal and retinal blood vessels. The objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of vascular aging on ocular blood vessels and related diseases. Additionally, this study aims to illuminate molecular insights contributing to vascular cell aging, with a particular emphasis on the choroid and retina. Moreover, innovative molecular targets operating within the domain of ocular vascular aging are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuting Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (F.B.); (N.P.)
| | | | | | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (F.B.); (N.P.)
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11
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Lu L, Jang S, Zhu J, Qin Q, Sun L, Sun J. Nur77 mitigates endothelial dysfunction through activation of both nitric oxide production and anti-oxidant pathways. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103056. [PMID: 38290383 PMCID: PMC10844745 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nur77 belongs to the member of orphan nuclear receptor 4A family that plays critical roles in maintaining vascular homeostasis. This study aims to determine whether Nur77 plays a role in attenuating vascular dysfunction, and if so, to determine the molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS Both Nur77 knockout (Nur77 KO) and Nur77 endothelial specific transgenic mice (Nur77-Tg) were employed to examine the functional significance of Nur77 in vascular endothelium in vivo. Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation to acetylcholine (Ach) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was determined under inflammatory and high glucose conditions. Expression of genes was determined by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. RESULTS In response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) treatment and diabetes, the endothelium-dependent vasodilatation to Ach was significantly impaired in aorta from Nur77 KO as compared with those from the wild-type (WT) mice. Endothelial specific overexpression of Nur77 markedly prevented both TNF-α- and high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction. Compared with WT mice, after TNF-α and high glucose treatment, ROS production in aorta was significantly increased in Nur77 KO mice, but it was inhibited in Nur77-Tg mice, as determined by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Nur77 overexpression substantially increased the expression of several key enzymes involved in nitric oxide (NO) production and ROS scavenging, including endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH-1), glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1), and superoxide dismutases (SODs). Mechanistically, we found that Nur77 increased GCH1 mRNA stability by inhibiting the expression of microRNA-133a, while Nur77 upregulated SOD1 expression through directly binding to the human SOD1 promoter in vascular endothelial cells. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that Nur77 plays an essential role in attenuating endothelial dysfunction through activating NO production and anti-oxidant pathways in vascular endothelium. Targeted activation of Nur77 may provide a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases associated with endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Soohwa Jang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Qing Qin
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Lijun Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Jianxin Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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12
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Patil SG, Khode V, Christa E, Desai RM, Chandrasekaran AM, Vadiraja HS, Raghavendra R, Aithal K, Champa R, Deepak KK, Roy A, Kinra S, Dorairaj P. Effect of Yoga on Endothelial Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024; 30:233-249. [PMID: 37878297 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Endothelial dysfunction is the initial step in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis; and it plays a central role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and many types of human diseases (diabetes, kidney failure, cancer, and viral infections). Strategies that are effective in protecting vascular endothelial function and retard or reversing endothelial dysfunction in the early stage appear to be potential in the prevention of vascular, cardiac, and many human diseases. Several studies have been carried out on the effects of yoga on endothelial function, but the results of these studies have not been synthesized. This study aimed at conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of yoga on endothelial function. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that assessed the effect of yoga practice on vascular endothelial function was done as per the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane controlled register of trials (CENTRAL) were searched from inception to August 2022. The search strategy was constructed around yoga-based techniques and endothelial function. All the yoga-based interventional studies on endothelial function or dysfunction were included in this review. A narrative synthesis and descriptive analysis were done due to the diverse methodology of selected studies. We carried out a formal meta-analysis of controlled trials that assessed the effect of yoga on flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), a measure of endothelial function. Results: A total of 18 studies were included for review involving 1043 participants. Yoga training showed improved endothelial function in 12 studies, whereas 6 studies did not find any statistically robust effect. Meta-analysis (n = 395 participants, 6-studies, 7 comparisons) showed an increase in brachial FMD by yoga practice (mean difference = -1.23%; 95% confidence interval -2.23 to -0.23; p = 0.02). The heterogeneity between the studies was 43% (Tau2 = 0.70, χ2 = 10.49). The risk of bias was low to moderate in these studies. No adverse effects were reported. Conclusions: Yoga practice improved endothelial function. Yoga could be a safe and potential integrative medicine to improve endothelial function. However, as the statistical heterogeneity, that is, variation in the FMD among the studies was moderate, large clinical trials are necessary for its clinical recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish G Patil
- Department of Physiology, SDM College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, India
| | - Vitthal Khode
- Department of Physiology, SDM College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, India
| | - Edmin Christa
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Rathnamala M Desai
- Department of Physiology, SDM College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, India
| | | | | | - Rao Raghavendra
- Central Council for Research in Yoga and Naturopathy, New Delhi, India
| | - Kiran Aithal
- Department of Physiology, SDM College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, India
| | - R Champa
- Department of Physiology, SDM College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, India
| | | | - Ambuj Roy
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Kinra
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Prabhakaran Dorairaj
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
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13
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Gillett SR, Koh I, Zakai NA, Judd SE, Plante TB, Howard G, Cushman M. Hepatocyte growth factor and risk of incident stroke in Black and White Americans in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2024; 8:102340. [PMID: 38511198 PMCID: PMC10950816 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a cytokine produced in response to endothelial damage. Higher levels correlate with cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension and diabetes. Objectives We hypothesized that HGF is associated with stroke. Methods The Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study enrolled 30,239 Black and White Americans aged ≥45 years from 2003 to 2007. In this case-cohort study, after 5.5 years of follow-up, circulating baseline HGF was measured in 557 participants with incident ischemic stroke and in a cohort random sample of 964 participants. Hazard ratios (HRs) per SD log-transformed HGF and by HGF quintile were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for stroke risk factors and other correlates of HGF. Differences by race and sex were tested using interaction terms. Results Median HGF was 295 (IQR, 209-402) pg/mL. HGF was higher with older age, male sex, prevalent cardiovascular disease, smoking, and warfarin use, but did not differ by race. The adjusted HR of incident ischemic stroke per SD higher baseline HGF (145 pg/mL) was 1.30 (CI, 1.00-1.70), with no difference by sex or race. HGF in the highest (>434 pg/mL) vs lowest quintile (<135 pg/mL) was associated with an adjusted HR of incident stroke of 2.12 (CI, 1.31-3.41). Conclusion In the REGARDS study, higher HGF was associated with increased risk of incident ischemic stroke in Black and White adults, with a doubling in risk of HGF in the top quintile compared with the lowest quintile after adjusting for other stroke risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R. Gillett
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Insu Koh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Neil A. Zakai
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Suzanne E. Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Timothy B. Plante
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - George Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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14
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Maslat AO, Al-Mahmood OM, Al Khawaja NM, Al-Shdefat R. Association of Genetic polymorphisms of EDN1 gene and Endothelin-1 level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Jordanian population. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23676. [PMID: 38187330 PMCID: PMC10767158 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is one of the most potent vasoconstrictors, encoded by the endothelin-1 (EDN1) gene. It has been shown to play an important role in different diseases including Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EDN1 gene are related to microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) such as retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. This study aims to determine the association between two selected EDN1 gene polymorphisms (rs2071942 G > A, rs5370 G > T) and T2DM in the Jordanian population, also to measure the level of ET-1 in T2DM. The samples were collected from the National Center of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics- Amman, Jordan, including 97 patients with T2DM and 80 healthy individuals. PCR-RFLP was used for SNPs genotyping. ET-1 level was determined using IQELISA kits. The univariate analysis for both SNPs didn't show statistically significant differences in the genotype or allele frequencies among T2DM cases as well as in controls. The same results were obtained regarding ET-1 concentration. The subgroup analysis by sex showed that the genotype and allelic frequencies of rs5370, rs2071942 G/A polymorphisms were not significantly different in males and females. Multivariate Analysis adjusted for various confounders didn't express statistical significance difference for occurrences of both SNPs. However, height and gender showed to be significant risk factors for occurrences of heterozygote alleles in both SNPs. On the other hand, the duration of diabetes has appeared to be related to the recessive allele in rs5370.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O. Maslat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Jordan and Faculty of Pharmacy, Jadara University, Jordan
| | - Omar M. Al-Mahmood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Jordan
| | - Nahla M. Al Khawaja
- National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Jordan University, Jordan
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15
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Di Pietro P, Abate AC, Prete V, Damato A, Venturini E, Rusciano MR, Izzo C, Visco V, Ciccarelli M, Vecchione C, Carrizzo A. C2CD4B Evokes Oxidative Stress and Vascular Dysfunction via a PI3K/Akt/PKCα-Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:101. [PMID: 38247525 PMCID: PMC10812653 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
High glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction is an important pathological feature of diabetic vasculopathy. While genome-wide studies have identified an association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and increased expression of a C2 calcium-dependent domain containing 4B (C2CD4B), no study has yet explored the possible direct effect of C2CD4B on vascular function. Vascular reactivity studies were conducted using a pressure myograph, and nitric oxide and oxidative stress were assessed through difluorofluorescein diacetate and dihydroethidium, respectively. We demonstrate that high glucose upregulated both mRNA and protein expression of C2CD4B in mice mesenteric arteries in a time-dependent manner. Notably, the inhibition of C2CD4B expression by genetic knockdown efficiently prevented hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and loss of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Recombinant C2CD4B evoked endothelial dysfunction of mice mesenteric arteries, an effect associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased NO production. In isolated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), C2CD4B increased phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) at the inhibitory site Thr495 and reduced eNOS dimerization. Pharmacological inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, and PKCα effectively attenuated oxidative stress, NO reduction, impairment of endothelial function, and eNOS uncoupling induced by C2CD4B. These data demonstrate, for the first time, that C2CD4B exerts a direct effect on vascular endothelium via a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/PKCα-signaling pathway, providing a new perspective on C2CD4B as a promising therapeutic target for the prevention of oxidative stress in diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Angela Carmelita Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Valeria Prete
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Antonio Damato
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.D.); (E.V.)
| | - Eleonora Venturini
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.D.); (E.V.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Rusciano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Carmine Izzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Valeria Visco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.D.); (E.V.)
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.D.); (E.V.)
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Yang S, Li Y, Zhou L, Wang X, Liu L, Wu M. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in atherosclerosis: metabolism, mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:25. [PMID: 38218941 PMCID: PMC10787750 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01796-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient that plays a pivotal role in numerous physiological processes in virtually all cell types. Nevertheless, the dysregulation of copper homeostasis, whether towards excess or deficiency, can lead to pathological alterations, such as atherosclerosis. With the advent of the concept of copper-induced cell death, termed cuproptosis, researchers have increasingly focused on the potential role of copper dyshomeostasis in atherosclerosis. In this review, we provide a broad overview of cellular and systemic copper metabolism. We then summarize the evidence linking copper dyshomeostasis to atherosclerosis and elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis development in terms of both copper excess and copper deficiency. Furthermore, we discuss the evidence for and mechanisms of cuproptosis, discuss its interactions with other modes of cell death, and highlight the role of cuproptosis-related mitochondrial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Finally, we explore the therapeutic strategy of targeting this novel form of cell death, aiming to provide some insights for the management of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Yang
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Longtao Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Min Wu
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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17
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Patil SG, Sobitharaj EC, Chandrasekaran AM, Patil SS, Singh K, Gupta R, Deepak KK, Jaryal AK, Chandran DS, Kinra S, Roy A, Prabhakaran D. Effect of Yoga-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Endothelial Function, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Markers in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Yoga 2024; 17:20-28. [PMID: 38899136 PMCID: PMC11185433 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_40_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of yoga-based cardiac rehabilitation (Yoga-CaRe) on the endothelial system, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Methods A sub-study was conducted in two clinical sites of the Yoga-CaRe trial (a multicenter randomized controlled trial). Participants with acute MI were randomized and allocated to either the Yoga-CaRe program (13 sessions with encouragement to home practice) or enhanced standard care (three educational sessions). Endothelial function, oxidative stress, and inflammatory biomarkers were assessed using biomarkers such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), endothelin-1 (ET-1), E-selectin, P-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), intercellular cell-adhesion molecule-1, total nitric oxide concentration (NOx), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Oxd-LDL), superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), and C-reactive protein (CRP) at baseline and 12 weeks. Laboratory and statistical analysis were done by staff blinded to group allocation. Results Eighty-two patients (of the 110 patients recruited) completed the study. The mean age was 53.1 ± 10.6 and 51.9 ± 10.7 years in enhanced standard care and Yoga-CaRe group, respectively. At 12 weeks, Yoga-CaRe significantly reduced ADMA, ET-1, and ICMA-1 than the enhanced standard care group. Although E-selectin and VCAM at 12 weeks were reduced in both groups, enhanced standard care had a significantly higher reduction than the Yoga-CaRe group. Among markers of oxidative stress, TAOC increased in the Yoga-CaRe group. We found no difference in eNOS, NOx, P-selectin, TNFα, CRP, and Oxd-LDL between the two groups. Conclusion Yoga-CaRe improved the endothelial function (through a reduction in ET-1 and modulating adhesion molecules) and enhanced antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Gurunathrao Patil
- Department of Physiology, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
- Department of Physiology, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Edmin Christa Sobitharaj
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
- Department of Clinical Trials, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Shankar S. Patil
- Department of Medicine, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Kalpana Singh
- Department of Biostatistics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ruby Gupta
- Department of Lab, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Kishore Kumar Deepak
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Jaryal
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sanjay Kinra
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ambuj Roy
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Dorairaj Prabhakaran
- Department of Clinical Trials, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
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18
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Martinez CA, Rikhi R, Fonseca Nogueira N, Pester MS, Salazar AS, Ashinne B, Aguilar N, Melara A, Porras V, Parker M, Mendez A, Cyrus E, De Santis JP, Jones DL, Brown TT, Hurwitz BE, Alcaide ML. Estrogen-Based Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Transgender Women with HIV. LGBT Health 2023; 10:576-585. [PMID: 37459150 PMCID: PMC10712365 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Transgender women (TW) are disproportionately affected by HIV infection and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study evaluated whether estrogen-based gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) in TW with HIV (TWH-GAHT) is associated with indices of subclinical CVD. Methods: Of the 40 HIV-seropositive persons enrolled, 20-60 years of age, on antiretroviral treatment with undetectable viral load, assessments were performed on 15 TWH; of these persons, 11 were GAHT treated. These TWH-GAHT were matched with HIV+ cisgender men and women based on age, ethnicity/race, body mass index, and antihypertensive medication use. Sex hormones, and cardiometabolic (waist circumference, blood pressure, insulin resistance, lipid profile, and C-reactive protein), vascular (flow-mediated dilation [FMD] and arterial stiffness), and proinflammatory measures were obtained. Results: TWH-GAHT displayed elevated estradiol and suppressed testosterone levels relative to normative ranges. Analyses indicated the TWH-GAHT displayed lower low-density lipoprotein compared with cisgender groups (p < 0.05). Although no difference was seen on FMD, the central augmentation index of aortic stiffness was higher in cisgender HIV+ women than cisgender HIV+ men (p < 0.05). No other group difference on subclinical CVD markers was observed. For TWH, partial correlations indicated associations of certain sex hormones with selected cardiometabolic outcomes and the inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-8. Conclusion: When well matched to HIV+ cisgender men and women, subclinical CVD pathophysiology did not appear elevated in TWH-GAHT, although tendencies emerged suggesting that some subclinical CVD indices may be higher, but others lower than cisgender groups. Longitudinal studies of TWH are needed to more precisely evaluate the moderating effect of GAHT on cardiometabolic pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A. Martinez
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Rishi Rikhi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nicholas Fonseca Nogueira
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Mollie S. Pester
- Behavioral Medicine Research Center and Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami/Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Ana S. Salazar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Beteal Ashinne
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Natalie Aguilar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Abraham Melara
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Valeria Porras
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Meela Parker
- Behavioral Medicine Research Center and Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami/Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Armando Mendez
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Elena Cyrus
- Department of Population Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Joseph P. De Santis
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Deborah L. Jones
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Behavioral Medicine Research Center and Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami/Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Todd T. Brown
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Barry E. Hurwitz
- Behavioral Medicine Research Center and Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami/Coral Gables, Florida, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Maria L. Alcaide
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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Antignani PL, Gargiulo M, Gastaldi G, Jawien A, Mansilha A, Poredos P. Lower extremity arterial disease perspective: IUA consensus document on "lead management". Part 1. INT ANGIOL 2023; 42:382-395. [PMID: 37822195 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-9590.23.05110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is defined as coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, or lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) also named peripheral arterial disease (PAD). ASCVD is considered to be of atherosclerotic origin and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality mainly for individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). In this consensus document of the International Union of Angiology the authors discuss epidemiology, risk factors, primary and secondary prophylaxis, the correlation between diabetes mellitus and LEAD, conservative and surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Gargiulo
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna School of Medicine, S. Orsola and Maggiore Polyclinic Hospitals, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Gastaldi
- DiaCenTRE, Hirslanden Grangettes SA, Diabetology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Arkadiusz Jawien
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Armando Mansilha
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, S. João Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pavel Poredos
- University Clinical Center Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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20
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Barreto J, Campos-Staffico AM, Nadruz W, Quinaglia T, Sposito AC. The role of SGLT2i in attenuating residual cardiovascular risk through blood pressure-lowering: mechanistic insights and perspectives. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2023; 4:1243530. [PMID: 37822556 PMCID: PMC10562622 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1243530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2) have been increasingly pursued as a promising target for addressing residual cardiovascular risk. Prior trials demonstrated that SGLT2i not only promotes glucose-lowering, but also improves endothelial dysfunction, adiposity, fluid overload, and insulin sensitivity thus contributing to hemodynamic changes implicated in its cardiorenal benefits. The mechanisms in the effect of SGLT2i on blood pressure and their potential role in preventing cardiovascular events are hereby revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Barreto
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Wilson Nadruz
- Cardiology Division, Clinics Hospital, Unicamp, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Quinaglia
- Massachussets General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andrei C. Sposito
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Cardiology Division, Clinics Hospital, Unicamp, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Lu H, Jiang X, He L, Ji X, Li X, Liu S, Sun Y, Qin X, Xiong X, Philipsen S, Xi B, Zhang M, Yang J, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Zhang W. Endothelial Sp1/Sp3 are essential to the effect of captopril on blood pressure in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5891. [PMID: 37735515 PMCID: PMC10514286 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction represents a major cardiovascular risk factor for hypertension. Sp1 and Sp3 belong to the specificity protein and Krüppel-like transcription factor families. They are ubiquitously expressed and closely associated with cardiovascular development. We investigate the role of Sp1 and Sp3 in endothelial cells in vivo and evaluate whether captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), targets Sp1/Sp3 to exert its effects. Inducible endothelial-specific Sp1/Sp3 knockout mice are generated to elucidate their role in endothelial cells. Tamoxifen-induced deletion of endothelial Sp1 and Sp3 in male mice decreases the serum nitrite/nitrate level, impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation, and causes hypertension and cardiac remodeling. The beneficial actions of captopril are abolished by endothelial-specific deletion of Sp1/Sp3, indicating that they may be targets for ACEIs. Captopril increases Sp1/Sp3 protein levels by recruiting histone deacetylase 1, which elevates deacetylation and suppressed degradation of Sp1/Sp3. Sp1/Sp3 represents innovative therapeutic target for captopril to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Lu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuxin Jiang
- Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lifan He
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuyang Ji
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyun Li
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaozhuang Liu
- Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoteng Qin
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiwen Xiong
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Sjaak Philipsen
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bo Xi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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22
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Niu F, Li Z, Ren Y, Li Z, Guan H, Li Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Yang J, Qian L, Shi W, Fan X, Li J, Shi L, Yu Y, Xiong Y. Aberrant hyper-expression of the RNA binding protein GIGYF2 in endothelial cells modulates vascular aging and function. Redox Biol 2023; 65:102824. [PMID: 37517320 PMCID: PMC10400931 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) senescence plays a crucial role in vascular aging that promotes the initiation and progression of cardiovascular disease. The mutation of Grb10-interacting GYF protein 2 (GIGYF2) is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of aging-related diseases, whereas its role in regulating ECs senescence and dysfunction still remains elusive. In this study, we found aberrant hyperexpression of GIGYF2 in senescent human ECs and aortas of old mice. Silencing GIGYF2 in senescent ECs suppressed eNOS-uncoupling, senescence, and endothelial dysfunction. Conversely, in nonsenescent cells, overexpressing GIGYF2 promoted eNOS-uncoupling, cellular senescence, endothelial dysfunction, and activation of the mTORC1-SK61 pathway, which were ablated by rapamycin or antioxidant N-Acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). Transcriptome analysis revealed that staufen double-stranded RNA binding protein 1 (STAU1) is remarkably downregulated in the GIGYF2-depleted ECs. STAU1 depletion significantly attenuated GIGYF2-induced cellular senescence, dysfunction, and inflammation in young ECs. Furthermore, we disclosed that GIGYF2 acting as an RNA binding protein (RBP) enhances STAU1 mRNA stability, and that the intron region of the late endosomal/lysosomal adaptor MAPK and mTOR activator 4 (LAMTOR4) could bind to STAU1 protein to upregulate LAMTOR4 expression. Immunofluorescence staining showed that GIGYF2 overexpression promoted the translocation of mTORC1 to lysosome. In the mice model, GIGYF2flox/flox Cdh-Cre+ mice protected aged mice from aging-associated vascular endothelium-dependent relaxation and arterial stiffness. Our work discloses that GIGYF2 serving as an RBP enhances the mRNA stability of STAU1 that upregulates LAMTOR4 expression through binding with its intron region, which activates the mTORC1-S6K1 signaling via recruitment of mTORC1 to the lysosomal membrane, ultimately leading to ECs senescence, dysfunction, and vascular aging. Disrupting the GIGYF2-STAU1-mTORC1 signaling cascade may represent a promising therapeutic approach against vascular aging and aging-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, PR China
| | - Zhuozhuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, PR China
| | - Zi Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, PR China
| | - Hua Guan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, PR China
| | - Yirong Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, PR China
| | - Junle Yang
- Department of Radiology, Xi' an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, PR China
| | - Lu Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi' an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, PR China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, PR China
| | - Wenzhen Shi
- Medical Research Center, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, PR China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, PR China
| | - Jinli Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, PR China
| | - Lele Shi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, PR China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, PR China.
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, PR China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, PR China.
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23
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Wei C, Vanhatalo A, Kadach S, Stoyanov Z, Abu-Alghayth M, Black MI, Smallwood MJ, Rajaram R, Winyard PG, Jones AM. Reduction in blood pressure following acute dietary nitrate ingestion is correlated with increased red blood cell S-nitrosothiol concentrations. Nitric Oxide 2023; 138-139:1-9. [PMID: 37268184 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation can enhance nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and lower blood pressure (BP) in humans. The nitrite concentration ([NO2-]) in the plasma is the most commonly used biomarker of increased NO availability. However, it is unknown to what extent changes in other NO congeners, such as S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs), and in other blood components, such as red blood cells (RBC), also contribute to the BP lowering effects of dietary NO3-. We investigated the correlations between changes in NO biomarkers in different blood compartments and changes in BP variables following acute NO3- ingestion. Resting BP was measured and blood samples were collected at baseline, and at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 24 h following acute beetroot juice (∼12.8 mmol NO3-, ∼11 mg NO3-/kg) ingestion in 20 healthy volunteers. Spearman rank correlation coefficients were determined between the peak individual increases in NO biomarkers (NO3-, NO2-, RSNOs) in plasma, RBC and whole blood, and corresponding decreases in resting BP variables. No significant correlation was observed between increased plasma [NO2-] and reduced BP, but increased RBC [NO2-] was correlated with decreased systolic BP (rs = -0.50, P = 0.03). Notably, increased RBC [RSNOs] was significantly correlated with decreases in systolic (rs = -0.68, P = 0.001), diastolic (rs = -0.59, P = 0.008) and mean arterial pressure (rs = -0.64, P = 0.003). Fisher's z transformation indicated no difference in the strength of the correlations between increases in RBC [NO2-] or [RSNOs] and decreased systolic blood pressure. In conclusion, increased RBC [RSNOs] may be an important mediator of the reduction in resting BP observed following dietary NO3- supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Wei
- University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - Anni Vanhatalo
- University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - Stefan Kadach
- University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - Zdravko Stoyanov
- University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - Mohammed Abu-Alghayth
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, AL Nakhil, Bisha, 67714, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matthew I Black
- University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - Miranda J Smallwood
- University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - Raghini Rajaram
- University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - Paul G Winyard
- University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - Andrew M Jones
- University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK.
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24
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Cabaro S, Agognon AL, Nigro C, Orso S, Prevenzano I, Leone A, Morelli C, Mormone F, Romano S, Miele C, Beguinot F, Formisano P, Oriente F. Resveratrol Improves Endothelial Function by A PREP1-Mediated Pathway in Mouse Aortic Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11891. [PMID: 37569266 PMCID: PMC10419093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PREP1 is a homeodomain transcription factor that impairs metabolism and is involved in age-related aortic thickening. In this study, we evaluated the role of PREP1 on endothelial function. Mouse Aortic Endothelial Cells (MAECs) transiently transfected with a Prep1 cDNA showed a 1.5- and 1.6-fold increase in eNOSThr495 and PKCα phosphorylation, respectively. Proinflammatory cytokines Tnf-α and Il-6 increased by 3.5 and 2.3-fold, respectively, in the presence of Prep1, while the antioxidant genes Sod2 and Atf4 were significantly reduced. Bisindolylmaleimide reverted the effects induced by PREP1, suggesting PKCα to be a mediator of PREP1 action. Interestingly, resveratrol, a phenolic micronutrient compound, reduced the PREP1 levels, eNOSThr495, PKCα phosphorylation, and proinflammatory cytokines and increased Sod2 and Atf4 mRNA levels. The experiments performed on the aorta of 18-month-old Prep1 hypomorphic heterozygous mice (Prep1i/+) expressing low levels of this protein showed a 54 and 60% decrease in PKCα and eNOSThr495 phosphorylation and a 45% reduction in Tnf-α levels, with no change in Il-6, compared to same-age WT mice. However, a significant decrease in Sod2 and Atf4 was observed in Prep1i/+ old mice, indicating the lack of age-induced antioxidant response. These results suggest that Prep1 deficiency partially improved the endothelial function in aged mice and suggested PREP1 as a novel target of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Cabaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Ayewa L. Agognon
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Cecilia Nigro
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Sonia Orso
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Immacolata Prevenzano
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Alessia Leone
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Cristina Morelli
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Federica Mormone
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Serena Romano
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Claudia Miele
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
| | - Francesco Oriente
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT Genomic of Diabetes of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.L.A.); (C.N.); (S.O.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (S.R.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (F.O.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Zhao M, Li N, Zhou H. SGLT1: A Potential Drug Target for Cardiovascular Disease. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2011-2023. [PMID: 37435096 PMCID: PMC10332373 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s418321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
SGLT1 and SGLT2 are the two main members of the sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs), which are mainly responsible for glucose reabsorption in the body. In recent years, many large clinical trials have shown that SGLT2 inhibitors have cardiovascular protection for diabetic and non-diabetic patients independent of lowering blood glucose. However, SGLT2 was barely detected in the hearts of humans and animals, while SGLT1 was highly expressed in myocardium. As SGLT2 inhibitors also have a moderate inhibitory effect on SGLT1, the cardiovascular protection of SGLT2 inhibitors may be due to SGLT1 inhibition. SGLT1 expression is associated with pathological processes such as cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and cell apoptosis, as well as mitochondrial dysfunction. The purpose of this review is to summarize the protective effects of SGLT1 inhibition on hearts in various cell types, including cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts in preclinical studies, and to highlight the underlying molecular mechanisms of protection against cardiovascular diseases. Selective SGLT1 inhibitors could be considered a class of drugs for cardiac-specific therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
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Marôco JL, Silvestre T, Arrais I, Pinto M, Santa-Clara H, Fernhall B, Melo X. Intra and inter-rater repeatability of brachial artery ultrasound estimates of flow-mediated slowing and flow-mediated dilation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287759. [PMID: 37379344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Flow-mediated slowing (FMS) is a non-invasive measure of endothelial function measured through reactive hyperemia-induced changes in pulse wave velocity (PWV). FMS is suggested to mitigate known pitfalls of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) including suboptimal repeatability and high-operator dependency. However, the few single-rater studies that examined FMS repeatability have shown controversial results and used only regional measurements of PWV, which might not reflect local brachial artery stiffness responses to reactive hyperemia. We assessed the inter- and intra-rater repeatability of ultrasound-based changes in local PWV (FMS) and diameter (FMD). Twenty-four healthy male participants aged 23-75 yr, were examined on two separate days. Reactive hyperemia-induced changes in PWV were calculated using a tailored R-script. The inter- and intra-rater repeatability were tested with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV), and the Bland-Altman plot estimates. The inter-rater repeatability of FMS (bias: -0.08%; ICC: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.93; CV: 11%) and FMD (bias: -0.02%; ICC: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97 to 0.99; CV: 7%) showed overall good repeatability over different days. The intra-rater repeatability of FMD (1st rater: bias: 0.27%; ICC: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.78 to 0.96; CV: 14%; 2nd rater: bias: 0.60%; ICC: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.64 to 0.94; CV: 18%) was better than FMS (1st rater: bias: -1.03%; ICC: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.91; CV: 21%; 2nd rater: bias:-0.49%; ICC: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.34 to 0.80; CV: 23%) but not different between raters. Ultrasound-based local measurements of PWV deceleration reactive hyperemia were repeatable among the raters.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Luís Marôco
- Integrative Human Physiology Laboratory, Manning College of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Ginásio Clube Português, Research & Development Department, GCP Lab, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tiago Silvestre
- Ginásio Clube Português, Research & Development Department, GCP Lab, Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Europeia, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Arrais
- Ginásio Clube Português, Research & Development Department, GCP Lab, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
- Center for Sports Optimization (COD), Sporting Clube de Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marco Pinto
- Ginásio Clube Português, Research & Development Department, GCP Lab, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Helena Santa-Clara
- Ginásio Clube Português, Research & Development Department, GCP Lab, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Bo Fernhall
- Integrative Human Physiology Laboratory, Manning College of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Xavier Melo
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
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Hobson S, Arefin S, Witasp A, Hernandez L, Kublickiene K, Shiels PG, Stenvinkel P. Accelerated Vascular Aging in Chronic Kidney Disease: The Potential for Novel Therapies. Circ Res 2023; 132:950-969. [PMID: 37053277 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of vascular disease is linked to accelerated biological aging and a combination of genetic, lifestyle, biological, and environmental risk factors. Within the scenario of uncontrolled artery wall aging processes, CKD (chronic kidney disease) stands out as a valid model for detailed structural, functional, and molecular studies of this process. The cardiorenal syndrome relates to the detrimental bidirectional interplay between the kidney and the cardiovascular system. In addition to established risk factors, this group of patients is subjected to a plethora of other emerging vascular risk factors, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, vitamin K deficiency, cellular senescence, somatic mutations, epigenetic modifications, and increased apoptosis. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms through which the uremic milieu triggers and maintains early vascular aging processes, has provided important new clues on inflammatory pathways and emerging risk factors alike, and to the altered behavior of cells in the arterial wall. Advances in the understanding of the biology of uremic early vascular aging opens avenues to novel pharmacological and nutritional therapeutic interventions. Such strategies hold promise to improve future prevention and treatment of early vascular aging not only in CKD but also in the elderly general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hobson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.H., S.A., A.W., L.H., K.K., P.S.)
| | - S Arefin
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.H., S.A., A.W., L.H., K.K., P.S.)
| | - A Witasp
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.H., S.A., A.W., L.H., K.K., P.S.)
| | - L Hernandez
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.H., S.A., A.W., L.H., K.K., P.S.)
| | - K Kublickiene
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.H., S.A., A.W., L.H., K.K., P.S.)
| | - P G Shiels
- School of Molecular Biosciences, MVLS, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.G.S.)
| | - P Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.H., S.A., A.W., L.H., K.K., P.S.)
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Sušić L, Maričić L, Šahinović I, Kralik K, Klobučar L, Ćosić M, Sušić T, Vincelj J, Burić A, Burić M, Lukić M. The Relationship of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction and Asymmetrical Dimethylarginine as a Biomarker of Endothelial Dysfunction with Cardiovascular Risk Assessed by Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation2 Algorithm and Heart Failure-A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4433. [PMID: 36901443 PMCID: PMC10001866 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, causing endothelial dysfunction (ED) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), contribute to an increased risk of heart failure (HF). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the occurrence of LVDD and ED with CV risk assessed by the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation2 (SCORE2) algorithm and HF. Methods: In the period from November 2019 to May 2022, a cross-sectional study that included 178 middle-aged adults was conducted. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was used to assess left ventricular (LV) diastolic and systolic function. ED was assessed using the plasma values of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and was determined using the ELISA method. Results: The majority of subjects with LVDD grades 2 and 3 had high/very high SCORE2, developed HF and all were taking medication (p < 0.001). They also had significantly lowest plasma ADMA values (p < 0.001). We found that the reduction of ADMA concentration is influenced by certain groups of drugs, or more significantly, by their combinations (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In our study, we confirmed a positive correlation between LVDD, HF and SCORE2 severity. The results showed a negative correlation between the biomarkers of ED, LVDD severity, HF, and SCORE2, which we believe is due to medication effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livija Sušić
- Department of Specialist-Consultative Health Care, Health Center of Osijek-Baranja County, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University “Josip Juraj Strossmayer”, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lana Maričić
- Faculty of Medicine, University “Josip Juraj Strossmayer”, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ines Šahinović
- Faculty of Medicine, University “Josip Juraj Strossmayer”, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kristina Kralik
- Faculty of Medicine, University “Josip Juraj Strossmayer”, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lucija Klobučar
- Faculty of Medicine, University “Josip Juraj Strossmayer”, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mateja Ćosić
- Department of Specialist-Consultative Health Care, Health Center of Osijek-Baranja County, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Tihomir Sušić
- The Information Institute Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Josip Vincelj
- Faculty of Medicine, University “Josip Juraj Strossmayer”, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- NovaMed Health Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Burić
- Department of Radiology, Health Center of Osijek-Baranja County, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marko Burić
- Faculty of Medicine, University “Josip Juraj Strossmayer”, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Matea Lukić
- Faculty of Medicine, University “Josip Juraj Strossmayer”, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Daidone M, Del Cuore A, Casuccio A, Di Chiara T, Guggino G, Di Raimondo D, Puleo MG, Ferrante A, Scaglione R, Pinto A, Tuttolomondo A. Vascular health in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis: assessment of endothelial function indices and serum biomarkers of vascular damage. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:467-475. [PMID: 36692587 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03192-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cardiovascular risk (CVD) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is 1.5-2 times higher than that in individuals of the same age and sex. AIMS To analyse the degree of endothelial dysfunction, the atherogenic immunoinflammatory serum background and the relationships among some vascular indices, cardiovascular comorbidities, and cognitive performance in subjects with RA. PATIENTS AND METHODS All consecutive patients with a rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis admitted to the Rheumatology Ward of "Policlinico Paolo Giaccone" Hospital of Palermo were enrolled from July 2019 to September 2020. We evaluated our patients' cognitive functions by administering the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Reactive Hyperaemia Index (RHI) was evaluated for assessment of endothelial function. Serum levels of angiopoietin 2, osteopontin and pentraxin 3 were assessed by blood collection. RESULTS Fifty-eight consecutive patients with RA and 40 control subjects were analysed. RA patients showed significantly lower mean RHI values, significantly higher mean Augmentation Index (AIX) values and significantly lower mean Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score values than the control group. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis also showed higher mean serum values of pentraxin 3 and angiopoietin 2 than healthy controls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between pentraxin 3 and angiopoietin 2 and the presence of RA. DISCUSSION Angiopoietin 2 and pentraxin 3 could be considered surrogate biomarkers of endothelial activation and vascular disease, as they could play an essential role in the regulation of endothelial integrity and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Daidone
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", (ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche N.2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro"(ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Cuore
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", (ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche N.2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro"(ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro"(ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Tiziana Di Chiara
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro"(ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuliana Guggino
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro"(ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", U. O di Reumatologia, Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Di Raimondo
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", (ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche N.2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro"(ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Puleo
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", (ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche N.2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro"(ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Ferrante
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro"(ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", U. O di Reumatologia, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosario Scaglione
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro"(ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", U. O di Reumatologia, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Pinto
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", (ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche N.2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro"(ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", (ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche N.2, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
- Dipartimento Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro"(ProMise), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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Hypolipidemic Effects of Beetroot Juice in SHR-CRP and HHTg Rat Models of Metabolic Syndrome: Analysis of Hepatic Proteome. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020192. [PMID: 36837811 PMCID: PMC9965406 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, red beetroot has attracted attention as a health-promoting functional food. Studies have shown that beetroot administration can reduce blood pressure and ameliorate parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism; however, mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects of beetroot are not yet fully understood. In the current study, we analysed the effects of beetroot on parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism in two models of metabolic syndrome: (i) transgenic spontaneously hypertensive rats expressing human C-reactive protein (SHR-CRP rats), and (ii) hereditary hypertriglyceridemic (HHTg) rats. Treatment with beetroot juice for 4 weeks was, in both models, associated with amelioration of oxidative stress, reduced circulating lipids, smaller visceral fat depots, and lower ectopic fat accumulation in the liver compared to the respective untreated controls. On the other hand, beetroot treatment had no significant effects on the sensitivity of the muscle and adipose tissue to insulin action in either model. Analyses of hepatic proteome revealed significantly deregulated proteins involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism, mTOR signalling, inflammation, and cytoskeleton rearrangement.
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Vaes AW, De Boever P, Franssen FME, Uszko-Lencer NHMK, Vanfleteren LEGW, Spruit MA. Endothelial function in patients with COPD: an updated systematic review of studies using flow-mediated dilatation. Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:53-69. [PMID: 36731860 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2176845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in COPD. Endothelial dysfunction is suggested to be involved in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis, and multiple studies report endothelial dysfunction in COPD. This article summarized the current knowledge on endothelial function in COPD patients. AREAS COVERED Databases were screened until November 2022 for studies using ultrasound-based flow-mediated dilation in patients with stable COPD. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using random effects model. Meta-regression analyses assessed the effects of demographic and clinical variables. EXPERT OPINION 34 studies were identified (1365 COPD patients; 617 controls). Pooled analysis demonstrated an impaired endothelial-dependent (-2.33%; 95%CI -3.30/-1.35; p < 0.001) and endothelial-independent dilation (-3.11%; 95%CI -5.14/-1.08; p = 0.003) in COPD patients when compared to non-COPD controls. Meta-regression identified that higher age, worse severity of airflow obstruction, and current smoking were significantly associated with impaired endothelial function. Studies evaluating the effects of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions on endothelial function in COPD patients demonstrated conflicting results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk W Vaes
- Department of Research and Development, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands
| | - Patrick De Boever
- Center of Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Frits M E Franssen
- Department of Research and Development, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole H M K Uszko-Lencer
- Department of Research and Development, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lowie E G W Vanfleteren
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.,COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martijn A Spruit
- Department of Research and Development, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Fatima K, Rashid AM, Memon UAA, Fatima SS, Javaid SS, Shahid O, Zehri F, Obaid MA, Ahmad M, Almas T, Minhas AMK. Mediterranean Diet and its Effect on Endothelial Function: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:105-113. [PMID: 35192097 PMCID: PMC9892125 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-02944-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction serves as an early marker for the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD); therefore, it is a site of therapeutic interventions to reduce the risk of CVD. AIMS To examine the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), as an intervention, on structural and functional parameters of endothelial function, and how it may reduce the risk of CVD and associated mortality. METHODS Medline database was searched for randomized controlled trials. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted on 21 independent datasets. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were performed to assess whether the effect of MedDiet was modified by health status (healthy subjects or with increased CVD risk), type of MedDiet intervention (alone or combined), type of parameter (functional or structural), study design (cross-over or parallel), BMI, age, and study duration. Our study used sample size, mean, and standard deviation of endothelial function measurements for both MedDiet intervention and control in the analyses. RESULTS Inverse relationship between endothelial function and intake of MedDiet was observed (SMD: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.52; P = 0.0001). Overall, MedDiet increased FMD by 1.39% (95% CI: 0.47, 2.19; P < 0.001). There was a significant improvement in endothelial function in both healthy patients and in those with an increased risk of CVD. No significant variation was observed in the effects of MedDiet on endothelial function, due to study design or type of intervention. CONCLUSIONS These findings support that MedDiet can reduce the risk of CVD by improving endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaneez Fatima
- grid.412080.f0000 0000 9363 9292Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Mustafa Rashid
- grid.415944.90000 0004 0606 9084Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Usama Abdul Ahad Memon
- grid.415944.90000 0004 0606 9084Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sidra Fatima
- grid.412080.f0000 0000 9363 9292Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Sarmad Javaid
- grid.415944.90000 0004 0606 9084Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Omema Shahid
- grid.413093.c0000 0004 0571 5371Department of Medicine, Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fazila Zehri
- grid.412080.f0000 0000 9363 9292Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adil Obaid
- grid.415944.90000 0004 0606 9084Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mahlika Ahmad
- grid.413093.c0000 0004 0571 5371Department of Medicine, Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Talal Almas
- grid.4912.e0000 0004 0488 7120Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas
- grid.414961.f0000 0004 0426 4740Department of Internal Medicine, Forrest General Hospital, Hattiesburg, MS USA
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Tobe A, Tanaka A, Tokuda Y, Shirai Y, Miyazaki T, Yuhara S, Akita S, Furusawa K, Ishii H, Mutsuga M, Murohara T. Impact of Albuminuria on the Prognosis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2023; 186:156-162. [PMID: 36280473 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The impact of preoperative albuminuria on the prognosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has not been studied. A total of 228 patients who underwent TAVI for severe aortic stenosis (AS) and for whom preoperative urinary data was available were retrospectively investigated. Patients were divided into two groups according to the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR): high (ACR≥ 30 mg/g) and low (ACR<30 mg/g). The urinary total protein-to-creatinine ratio (PCR) and dipstick proteinuria were also evaluated. The primary outcome was the composite outcome of all-cause death and readmission for heart failure. In total, 117 patients had a high ACR and 111 patients had a low ACR. During the median follow-up period of 467 days, patients with a high ACR had a higher incidence of the primary outcome than those with a low ACR (p<0.001). Patients with a high PCR or positive dipstick proteinuria were also at a higher risk for the primary outcome (p<0.001 and p=0.008, respectively). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis showed a high ACR was independently associated with a primary outcome (hazard ratio, 4.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.84-13.49; p=0.002). In conclusion, preoperative albuminuria is an independent predictor of cardiac events in patients with severe AS undergoing TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Tobe
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Akihito Tanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Tokuda
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Shirai
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Miyazaki
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yuhara
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sho Akita
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Furusawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Department of Cardiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masato Mutsuga
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Sankrityayan H, Rao PD, Shelke V, Kulkarni YA, Mulay SR, Gaikwad AB. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Renin-Angiotensin System Crosstalk in Endothelial Dysfunction. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:139-146. [PMID: 35232343 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220301113833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) significantly results in catastrophic cardiovascular diseases with multiple aetiologies. Variations in vasoactive peptides, including angiotensin II and endothelin 1, and metabolic perturbations like hyperglycaemia, altered insulin signalling, and homocysteine levels result in pathogenic signalling cascades, which ultimately lead to VED. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress reduces nitric oxide availability, causes aberrant angiogenesis, and enhances oxidative stress pathways, consequently promoting endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has widely been acknowledged to impact angiogenesis, endothelial repair and inflammation. Interestingly, experimental studies at the preclinical level indicate a possible pathological link between the two pathways in the development of VED. Furthermore, pharmacological modulation of ER stress ameliorates angiotensin-II mediated VED as well as RAS intervention either through inhibition of the pressor arm or enhancement of the depressor arm of RAS, mitigating ER stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and thus emphasizing a vital crosstalk. CONCLUSION Deciphering the pathway overlap between RAS and ER stress may open potential therapeutic avenues to combat endothelial dysfunction and associated diseases. Several studies suggest that alteration in a component of RAS may induce ER stress or induction of ER stress may modulate the RAS components. In this review, we intend to elaborate on the crosstalk of ER stress and RAS in the pathophysiology of VED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Sankrityayan
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Pooja Dhileepkumar Rao
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Vishwadeep Shelke
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Shrikant R Mulay
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
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35
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Vaez H, Soraya H, Garjani A, Gholikhani T. Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) and AMPK Relevance in Cardiovascular Disease. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:36-47. [PMID: 36721803 PMCID: PMC9871286 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential receptors of the innate immune system, playing a significant role in cardiovascular diseases. TLR4, with the highest expression among TLRs in the heart, has been investigated extensively for its critical role in different myocardial inflammatory conditions. Studies suggest that inhibition of TLR4 signaling pathways reduces inflammatory responses and even prevents additional injuries to the already damaged myocardium. Recent research results have led to a hypothesis that there may be a relation between TLR4 expression and 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in various inflammatory conditions, including cardiovascular diseases. AMPK, as a cellular energy sensor, has been reported to show anti-inflammatory effects in various models of inflammatory diseases. AMPK, in addition to its physiological acts in the heart, plays an essential role in myocardial ischemia and hypoxia by activating various energy production pathways. Herein we will discuss the role of TLR4 and AMPK in cardiovascular diseases and a possible relation between TLRs and AMPK as a novel therapeutic target. In our opinion, AMPK-related TLR modulators will find application in treating different immune-mediated inflammatory disorders, especially inflammatory cardiac diseases, and present an option that will be widely used in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Vaez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Corresponding Author: Haleh Vaez, Tel:+984133344798, Fax:+984133344798,
| | - Hamid Soraya
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Alireza Garjani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tooba Gholikhani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nanora Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Tabriz, Iran
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Chook CYB, Cheung YM, Ma KY, Leung FP, Zhu H, Niu QJ, Wong WT, Chen ZY. Physiological concentration of protocatechuic acid directly protects vascular endothelial function against inflammation in diabetes through Akt/eNOS pathway. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1060226. [PMID: 37025617 PMCID: PMC10070727 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1060226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been the major cause of mortality in type 2 diabetes. However, new approaches are still warranted since current diabetic medications, which focus mainly on glycemic control, do not effectively lower cardiovascular mortality rate in diabetic patients. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a phenolic acid widely distributed in garlic, onion, cauliflower and other plant-based foods. Given the anti-oxidative effects of PCA in vitro, we hypothesized that PCA would also have direct beneficial effects on endothelial function in addition to the systemic effects on vascular health demonstrated by previous studies. Methods and results Since IL-1β is the major pathological contributor to endothelial dysfunction in diabetes, the anti-inflammatory effects of PCA specific on endothelial cells were further verified by the use of IL-1β-induced inflammation model. Direct incubation of db/db mouse aortas with physiological concentration of PCA significantly ameliorated endothelium-dependent relaxation impairment, as well as reactive oxygen species overproduction mediated by diabetes. In addition to the well-studied anti-oxidative activity, PCA demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the pro-inflammatory cytokines MCP1, VCAM1 and ICAM1, as well as increasing the phosphorylation of eNOS and Akt in the inflammatory endothelial cell model induced by the key player in diabetic endothelial dysfunction IL-1β. Upon blocking of Akt phosphorylation, p-eNOS/eNOS remained low and the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines by PCA ceased. Conclusion PCA exerts protection on vascular endothelial function against inflammation through Akt/eNOS pathway, suggesting daily acquisition of PCA may be encouraged for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chui Yiu Bamboo Chook
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiu Ming Cheung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Ying Ma
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fung Ping Leung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hanyue Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingshan Jason Niu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wing Tak Wong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Wing Tak Wong,
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Zhen-Yu Chen,
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Deciphering the Role of miR-200c-3p in Type 1 Diabetes (Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease) and Its Correlation with Inflammation and Vascular Health. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415659. [PMID: 36555301 PMCID: PMC9778946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncomplicated type 1 diabetes (T1DM) displays all features of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) as is associated with inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and low endothelial progenitor cells. MiR-200c-3p has been shown in animal tissues to be pro-atherogenic. We aimed to explore the role of miR-200c-3p in T1DM, a model of subclinical CVD. 19 samples from T1DM patients and 20 from matched controls (HC) were analyzed. MiR-200c in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results were compared with the following indices of vascular health: circulating endothelial progenitor cells, (CD45dimCD34+VEGFR-2+ or CD45dimCD34+CD133+) and proangiogenic cells (PACs). MiR-200c-3p was significantly downregulated in PBMCs but not in plasma in T1DM. There was a significant negative correlation between the expression of miR-200c-3p and HbA1c, interleukin-7 (IL-7), vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and a positive correlation with CD45dimCD34+VEGFR-2+, CD45dimCD34+CD133+ and PACs. Receiver operating curve analyses showed miR-200c-3p as a biomarker for T1DM with significant downregulation of miR-200c-3p, possibly defining subclinical CVD at HbA1c > 44.8 mmol/mol (6.2%). In conclusion, downregulated miR-200c-3p in T1DM correlated with diabetic control, VEGF signaling, inflammation, vascular health and targeting VEGF signaling, and may define subclinical CVD. Further prospective studies are necessary to validate our findings in a larger group of patients.
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Evaluation of Circulating Platelet Extracellular Vesicles and Hypertension Mediated Organ Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315150. [PMID: 36499475 PMCID: PMC9741224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated circulating platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (pEVs) have been associated with arterial hypertension. The role of hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) to induce EV release is still unknown. We studied the micro- and macro-vascular changes (retinal vascular density and pulse wave velocity), endothelial function (flow-mediated vasodilation of brachial artery and finger plethysmography), and assessed the psychosocial status (anxiety and depression) in hypertensive patients to determine their relationship with EV release. Pulse wave velocity showed a significant positive correlation with pEVs (r = 0.33; p = 0.01). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) negatively correlated with retinal vascularity. The superficial retinal vascular plexus density in the whole image showed a significant negative correlation with 24 h SBP (r = −0.38, p < 0.01), day-SBP (r = −0.35, p = 0.01), and night-SBP (r = −0.27, p = 0.04). pEVs did not show significant associations with microvascular damage (retinal vascular density), endothelial function (flow-mediated vasodilation of brachial artery and finger plethysmography), or psychosocial status (anxiety and depression). Our results indicate that the pEV levels were associated with macrovascular damage measured by PWV, whereas no significant association between pEVs and microvascular damage, endothelial function, or emotional status could be detected. The potential utility of pEV in clinical practice in the context of HMOD may be limited to macrovascular changes.
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Ali M, Hussein Z, Marshall JM. Young South Asian women in the United Kingdom show evidence of blunted endothelium-dependent dilatation: implications for future cardiovascular disease. J Hypertens 2022; 40:2438-2448. [PMID: 35983868 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is higher in South Asians than white Europeans. The offspring of hypertensive parents (OH) have greater risk of hypertension than offspring of normotensive parents (ON). We hypothesized that endothelium-dependent dilatation is already blunted in young South Asians, relative to young white European women, particularly in South Asian OH women. METHODS In young white European ON, South Asian ON and OH women (18-25 years old; 10 per group) who were normotensive, we recorded cutaneous perfusion by laser Doppler fluximetry during reactive hyperaemia and iontophoresis of acetylcholine (ACh), before and after inhibiting NO synthesis (NOS) or/and cyclooxygenase (COX). In these and an additional 135 age-matched South Asian and white European women, physical activity and life-style factors were assessed by questionnaire. RESULTS ACh-evoked dilatation was blunted in young South Asians, relative to white European women. It was attenuated by NOS or COX inhibition in white European ON; by NOS inhibition only in South Asian ON, but not OH women. After combined NOS and COX inhibition, ACh-evoked dilatations were similar to control ACh responses. Similar findings were made for reactive hyperaemia. Questionnaire data indicated young South Asians have lower physical activity levels, fresh fruit and vegetable intake than white European women, South Asian OH being lower than white European ON, or OH women. CONCLUSION Endothelium-dependent dilatation is blunted in young South Asians, relative to white European women, especially in South Asian OH in whom NO-dependent and prostaglandin-dependent dilatation is blunted. We suggest improved diet and greater physical activity could be particularly effective in improving endothelium-dependent dilatation and reducing future CVD risk in young South Asian OH women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ali
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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40
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Li D, Guo J, Ni X, Sun G, Bao H. The progress and challenges of circRNA for diabetic foot ulcers: A mini-review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1019935. [PMID: 36531481 PMCID: PMC9747764 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1019935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the Human Genome Project was successfully completed, humanity has entered a post-genome era, and the second-generation sequencing technology has gradually progressed and become more accurate. Meanwhile, circRNAs plays a crucial role in the regulation of diseases and potential clinical applications has gradually attracted the attention of physicians. However, the mechanisms of circRNAs regulation at the cellular and molecular level of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is still not well-understood. With the deepening of research, there have been many recent studies conducted to explore the effect of circRNAs on DFU. In this mini-review, we discuss the potential role of circRNAs as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers for DFU in order to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the development of DFU and to establish a theoretical basis for accurate treatment and effective prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deer Li
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Jiaxing Guo
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiyu Ni
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Guanwen Sun
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Huhe Bao
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
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Zaharia OP, Schön M, Löffler L, Strassburger K, Möser C, Yurchenko I, Bódis K, Antoniou S, Karusheva Y, Szendroedi J, Burkart V, Roden M. Metabolic Factors Predict Changes in Endothelial Function During the Early Course of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e4167-e4176. [PMID: 35965389 PMCID: PMC9516081 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Endothelial dysfunction may occur early in the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases; however, it remains often underestimated and studies rarely discriminate between diabetes types. We have examined endothelial function and its determinants during the early course of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. METHODS Caucasian participants of the prospective German Diabetes Study (GDS) with known diabetes duration <1 year (n = 398) or without diabetes, but of similar age, body mass index (BMI) and sex distribution (n = 109), underwent measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and nitroglycerin-mediated dilatation (NMD). Whole-body insulin sensitivity (M-value) was assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps and physical fitness (VO2max) by spiroergometry. A subset of individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes (n = 108) was re-evaluated after 5 years. RESULTS At baseline, neither FMD nor NMD differed between people with diabetes and the matched glucose-tolerant groups. At the 5-year follow-up, decline in FMD (-13.9%, P = .013) of persons with type 2 diabetes was independent of age, sex, and BMI, but associated with baseline adipose tissue insulin resistance and indices of liver fibrosis. The M-value decreased in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes groups by 24% and 15% (both P < .001, respectively) over 5 years. Higher HbA1c, lower M-value, and lower VO2max at baseline was associated with lower FMD in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSION Endothelial function decreases during the early course of type 2 diabetes. In addition to age and BMI, insulin sensitivity at diagnosis was the best predictor of progressive impairment in endothelial function in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luca Löffler
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Strassburger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e. V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Clara Möser
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e. V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Iryna Yurchenko
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e. V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kálmán Bódis
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e. V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sofia Antoniou
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yanislava Karusheva
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e. V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e. V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Volker Burkart
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e. V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Correspondence: Michael Roden, Prof, Dr, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany, c/o Auf’m Hennekamp 65, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. E-mail:
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Fliri AF, Kajiji S. Functional characterization of nutraceuticals using spectral clustering: Centrality of caveolae-mediated endocytosis for management of nitric oxide and vitamin D deficiencies and atherosclerosis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:885364. [PMID: 36046126 PMCID: PMC9421303 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.885364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well recognized that redox imbalance, nitric oxide (NO), and vitamin D deficiencies increase risk of cardiovascular, metabolic, and infectious diseases. However, clinical studies assessing efficacy of NO and vitamin D supplementation have failed to produce unambiguous efficacy outcomes suggesting that the understanding of the pharmacologies involved is incomplete. This raises the need for using systems pharmacology tools to better understand cause-effect relationships at biological systems levels. We describe the use of spectral clustering methodology to analyze protein network interactions affected by a complex nutraceutical, Cardio Miracle (CM), that contains arginine, citrulline, vitamin D, and antioxidants. This examination revealed that interactions between protein networks affected by these substances modulate functions of a network of protein complexes regulating caveolae-mediated endocytosis (CME), TGF beta activity, vitamin D efficacy and host defense systems. Identification of this regulatory scheme and the working of embedded reciprocal feedback loops has significant implications for treatment of vitamin D deficiencies, atherosclerosis, metabolic and infectious diseases such as COVID-19.
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43
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Jiang H, Li L, Zhang L, Zang G, Sun Z, Wang Z. Role of endothelial cells in vascular calcification. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:895005. [PMID: 35928939 PMCID: PMC9343736 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.895005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is active and regulates extraosseous ossification progress, which is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Endothelial cells (ECs) line the innermost layer of blood vessels and directly respond to changes in flow shear stress and blood composition. Together with vascular smooth muscle cells, ECs maintain vascular homeostasis. Increased evidence shows that ECs have irreplaceable roles in VC due to their high plasticity. Endothelial progenitor cells, oxidative stress, inflammation, autocrine and paracrine functions, mechanotransduction, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), and other factors prompt ECs to participate in VC. EndMT is a dedifferentiation process by which ECs lose their cell lineage and acquire other cell lineages; this progress coexists in both embryonic development and CVD. EndMT is regulated by several signaling molecules and transcription factors and ultimately mediates VC via osteogenic differentiation. The specific molecular mechanism of EndMT remains unclear. Can EndMT be reversed to treat VC? To address this and other questions, this study reviews the pathogenesis and research progress of VC, expounds the role of ECs in VC, and focuses on the regulatory factors underlying EndMT, with a view to providing new concepts for VC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guangyao Zang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongqun Wang,
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Diao H, Cheng J, Huang X, Huang B, Shao X, Zhao J, Lan D, Zhu Q, Yan M, Zhang Y, Rong X, Guo J. The Chinese medicine Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi capsule protects against atherosclerosis by suppressing EndMT via modulating Akt1/β-catenin signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115261. [PMID: 35447198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi (FTZ) is a traditional Chinese herbal prescription that has been used to treat dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes and its complications in the clinic for almost ten years. Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is the key driver of atherosclerosis. However, the effects of FTZ on endothelial dysfunction and EndMT remain unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the therapeutic effects of FTZ against EndMT and the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS An in vivo model of atherosclerosis was established by feeding ApoE-/- mice with a high-fat diet (HFD). The body weight, lipid levels, plaque area, lipid deposition and EndMT were evaluated using standard assays 12 weeks after intragastric administration of FTZ and simvastatin. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to simulate EndMT in vitro. The degree of EndMT was assessed after treating the cells with FTZ or transfection with si-Akt1. The expression levels of genes involved in EndMT were quantified by real-time PCR or western blotting. RESULTS FTZ ameliorated dyslipidemia and endothelial dysfunction in the atherosclerotic mice. In addition, FTZ reduced body weight and the total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein levels, and increased that of high-density lipoproteins. FTZ also upregulated the expression of endothelial markers (CD31 and VE-cadherin) and decreased that of mesenchymal markers (ɑ-SMA and FSP1), indicating that it inhibits EndMT. Knocking down Akt1 exacerbated EndMT and reversed the therapeutic effect of FTZ. CONCLUSION FTZ delayed atherosclerosis by inhibiting EndMT via the Akt1/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Diao
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jiawen Cheng
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xueying Huang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Bingying Huang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Shao
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Dingming Lan
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Qing Zhu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Meiling Yan
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Paudel P, van Hout I, Bunton RW, Parry DJ, Coffey S, McDonald FJ, Fronius M. Epithelial Sodium Channel δ Subunit Is Expressed in Human Arteries and Has Potential Association With Hypertension. Hypertension 2022; 79:1385-1394. [PMID: 35510563 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.18924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated expression and increased activity of vascular epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) can result in vascular dysfunction in small animal models. However, there is limited or no knowledge on expression and function of ENaC channels in human vasculature. Hence, this study explored the expression and function of ENaC in human arteries and their association with hypertension. METHODS Human internal mammary artery (IMA) and aorta were obtained from cardiovascular patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Expression of the ENaC subunit was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. ENaC function was observed by patch-clamp electrophysiology in endothelial cells isolated from IMA. Levels of ENaC subunit expression levels were compared between arteries from normotensive, uncontrolled hypertensive, and controlled hypertensive patients. RESULTS For the first time, expression of α, β, γ, and δ was detected at mRNA and protein levels in human IMA and aorta. Single-channel patch-clamp recordings identified both αβγ- and δβγ-like channel conductance in primary endothelial cells isolated and cultured from IMA. Reduced expression of the δ subunit was observed in controlled hypertensive IMA, whereas reduced expression of γ-ENaC was observed in controlled hypertensive aorta. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that functional ENaC channels are expressed in human arteries and their expression levels are associated with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Paudel
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences (P.P., I.v.H., F.J.M., M.F.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,HeartOtago (P.P., I.v.H., S.C., M.F.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Isabelle van Hout
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences (P.P., I.v.H., F.J.M., M.F.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,HeartOtago (P.P., I.v.H., S.C., M.F.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Richard W Bunton
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Otago Medical School, Dunedin Hospital, New Zealand (R.W.B., D.J.P.)
| | - Dominic J Parry
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Otago Medical School, Dunedin Hospital, New Zealand (R.W.B., D.J.P.)
| | - Sean Coffey
- HeartOtago (P.P., I.v.H., S.C., M.F.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, Otago Medical School (S.C.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Fiona J McDonald
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences (P.P., I.v.H., F.J.M., M.F.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Martin Fronius
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences (P.P., I.v.H., F.J.M., M.F.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,HeartOtago (P.P., I.v.H., S.C., M.F.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Grismaldo A, Sobrevia L, Morales L. Role of platelet-derived growth factor c on endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130188. [PMID: 35691459 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Loss of endothelial function is a common feature to all cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). One of the risk factors associated with the development of CVDs is the hyperglycaemia that occurs in patients with metabolic disorders such as Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycaemia causes endothelial dysfunction through increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from different cellular sources leading to oxidative stress. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential in the stimulation and maintenance of endothelial functional aspects and, although it can mitigate the impact of ROS, VEGF-mediated signalling is partially inhibited in diabetes mellitus. The search for therapeutic strategies that preserve, protect and improve the functions of the endothelium is of great relevance in the investigation of CVDs associated with hyperglycaemia. Platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGF-C) is a peptide with angiogenic properties, independent of VEGF, that stimulates angiogenesis and revascularization of ischemic tissue. In a diabetic mouse model, PDGF-C stimulates mature endothelial cell migration, angiogenesis, endothelial progenitor cell mobilization, and increased neovascularization, and protects blood vessels in a retinal degeneration model activating anti-apoptosis and proliferation signalling pathways in endothelial cells. This review summarizes the information on the damage that high d-glucose causes on endothelial function and the beneficial effects that PDGF-CC could exert in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Grismaldo
- Experimental and Computational Biochemistry Group, Faculty of Sciences, Nutrition and Biochemistry Department, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia; Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile.
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville E-41012, Spain; Medical School (Faculty of Medicine), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil; University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Eutra, The Institute for Obesity Research (IOR), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monterrey, Nuevo León. Mexico..
| | - Ludis Morales
- Experimental and Computational Biochemistry Group, Faculty of Sciences, Nutrition and Biochemistry Department, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
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Ioannidou A, Fisher RM, Hagberg CE. The multifaceted roles of the adipose tissue vasculature. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13403. [PMID: 34866318 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and its associated pathologies continue to increase, which has led to a renewed interest in our major weight-regulating organ, the white adipose tissue. It has become clear that its development, expansion, and physiological function depend on proper crosstalk between each of its cellular constituents, with a central role for the vascular endothelium lining the blood vessels. Although first considered a mere barrier, the endothelium has emerged as a dynamic unit modulating many critical adipose tissue functions. It not only oversees the uptake of all nutrients to be stored in the adipocytes but also provides an important growth niche for adipocyte progenitors and regulates the expandability of the tissue during overfeeding and obesity. In this review, we describe the reciprocal relationship between endothelial cells, adipocytes, and obesity. We present recent studies that support an important role for endothelial cells as central mediators of many of the physiological and pathological functions of the adipose tissue and highlight several unknown aspects of adipose tissue vascular biology. This new perspective could present exciting opportunities to develop new therapeutic approaches against obesity-related pathologies and is thus of great interest in our increasingly obese society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ioannidou
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Rachel M Fisher
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Carolina E Hagberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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Yang F, Hu T, He K, Ying J, Cui H. Multiple Sclerosis and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:861885. [PMID: 35371017 PMCID: PMC8964627 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.861885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies suggested that multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the causal association has not been fully elucidated. Thus, we aim to assess the causality of the associations of MS with risk of CVDs. METHODS A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to explore the causality. Genetic instruments were identified for MS from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 115,803 individuals. Summary-level data for CVDs were obtained from different GWAS meta-analysis studies. MR analysis was conducted mainly using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. Sensitivity analyses were further performed to ensure the robustness of the results. RESULTS This MR study found suggestive evidence that genetic liability to MS was associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) [odds ratio (OR), 1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-1.04; p = 0.03], myocardial infarction (MI) (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.06; p = 0.01), heart failure (HF) (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.04; p = 0.02), all-cause stroke (AS) (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.05; p = 0.02), and any ischemic stroke (AIS) (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.05; p = 0.04). The null-association was observed between MS and the other CVDs. Further analyses found little evidence of pleiotropy. CONCLUSIONS We provided suggestive genetic evidence for the causal associations of MS with increased risk of CAD, MI, HF, AS, and AIS, which highlighted the significance of active monitoring and prevention of cardiovascular risk to combat cardiovascular comorbidities in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangkun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University (Ningbo First Hospital), School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China,Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Cardiology Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Teng Hu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Kewan He
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiajun Ying
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University (Ningbo First Hospital), School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hanbin Cui
- Cardiology Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,*Correspondence: Hanbin Cui,
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Sankrityayan H, Kale A, Gaikwad AB. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress combined with activation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: novel approach for the prevention of endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetic rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:234-239. [PMID: 34587465 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Persistent hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes triggers numerous signaling pathways, which may prove deleterious to the endothelium. As hyperglycemia damages the endothelial layer via multiple signaling pathways, including enhanced oxidative stress, downregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 signaling, and exacerbation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, it becomes difficult to prevent injury using monotherapy. Thus, the present study was conceived to evaluate the combined effect of ER stress inhibition along with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activation, two major contributors to hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction, in preventing endothelial dysfunction associated with type 1 diabetes. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals were treated with either diminazene aceturate (5 mg·kg-1 per day, p.o.) or tauroursodeoxycholic acid, sodium salt (200 mg·kg-1 per day i.p.), or both for 4 weeks. Endothelial dysfunction was evaluated using vasoreactivity assay, where acetylcholine-induced relaxation was assessed in phenylephrine pre-contracted rings. Combination therapy significantly improved vascular relaxation when compared with diabetic control as well as monotherapy. Restoration of nitrite levels along with prevention of collagen led to improved vasodilatation. Moreover, there was an overall reduction in aortic oxidative stress. We conclude that by simultaneously inhibiting ER stress and activating angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 deleterious effects of hyperglycemia on endothelium were significantly alleviated. This could serve as a novel strategy for the prevention of endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Sankrityayan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Ajinath Kale
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
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Huang Y, Tsai MF, Thorat RS, Xiao D, Zhang X, Sandhu AK, Edirisinghe I, Burton-Freeman BM. Endothelial Function and Postprandial Glucose Control in Response to Test-Meals Containing Herbs and Spices in Adults With Overweight/Obesity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:811433. [PMID: 35273988 PMCID: PMC8902252 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.811433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Herbs and Spices (H/S) contain bioactive compounds with purported health benefits. This study investigated the effect of H/S intake on indicators of vascular and metabolic health over 24 h using a test-meal challenge paradigm in adults with overweight or obesity. Methods In a randomized, single-blinded, 4-arm, 24 h, multi-sampling, crossover clinical trial, adults (n = 25) aged 36.6 ± 3.1 years with BMI 28.5 ± 0.6 kg/m2 (mean ± SEM) consumed a high-fat, high-carbohydrate challenge meal (~810 kcal) with salt/pepper only (control) or control with one of three different H/S combinations: Italian herb (rosemary, basil, thyme, oregano, and parsley), cinnamon, or pumpkin pie spice mix (cinnamon, ginger, nutmeg, and allspice) on four separate visits at least 3 days apart. Meals provided 35% of subjects' energy to maintain weight and ~1 g H/S per 135 kcal of the meal. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and blood samples were collected at 0, 1, 2, 4, 5.5, 7, and 24 h for endpoint analysis (additional blood draw at 0.5 h for insulin/glucose). Mixed-model analysis of repeated measures via PROC MIXED PC-SAS 9.4 was performed on the primary outcome (FMD) and secondary outcome variables. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03926442). Results Italian herb and pumpkin spice meals significantly increased %FMD at 24 h compared to the control meal (P = 0.048 and P = 0.027, respectively). The cinnamon meal reduced postprandial glycemia (Δ) compared to control (P = 0.01), and pumpkin pie spice mix and cinnamon meals reduced postprandial insulin at 0.5 h compared to the control meal (P = 0.01 and P = 0.04, respectively). IL-6 and triglycerides increased in response to all meals (Time, P < 0.0001) but were not significantly different between meals. Conclusions The test-meal challenge study design coupled with multiple sampling over 24 h provides insights into time-course bioactivity of H/S on vascular function and metabolic indices in overweight/obese adults. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03926442.
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