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Kamal R, Awasthi A, Pundir M, Thakur S. Healing the diabetic wound: Unlocking the secrets of genes and pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 975:176645. [PMID: 38759707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic wounds (DWs) are open sores that can occur anywhere on a diabetic patient's body. They are often complicated by infections, hypoxia, oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and reduced growth factors and nucleic acids. The healing process involves four phases: homeostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling, regulated by various cellular and molecular events. Numerous genes and signaling pathways such as VEGF, TGF-β, NF-κB, PPAR-γ, MMPs, IGF, FGF, PDGF, EGF, NOX, TLR, JAK-STAT, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, ERK, JNK, p38, Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, Notch, Hippo, FAK, Integrin, and Src pathways are involved in these events. These pathways and genes are often dysregulated in DWs leading to impaired healing. The present review sheds light on the pathogenesis, healing process, signaling pathways, and genes involved in DW. Further, various therapeutic strategies that target these pathways and genes via nanotechnology are also discussed. Additionally, clinical trials on DW related to gene therapy are also covered in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kamal
- Department of Quality Assurance, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
| | - Mandeep Pundir
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RIMT University, Punjab, 142001, India; Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Shubham Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
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2
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Xu J, Gao J, Li H, Zhu Z, Liu J, Gao C. The risk factors in diabetic foot ulcers and predictive value of prognosis of wound tissue vascular endothelium growth factor. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14120. [PMID: 38898068 PMCID: PMC11187195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a leading cause of high-level amputation in DM patients, with a low wound healing rate and a high incidence of infection. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in diabetes mellitus (DM) related complications. This study aims to explore the VEGF expression and its predictive value for prognosis in DFU, in order to provide basis for the prevention of DFU related adverse events. We analyzed 502 patients, with 328 in healing group and 174 in non-healing/recurrent group. The general clinical data and laboratory indicators of patients were compared through Spearman correlation analysis, ROC analysis and logistic regression analysis. Finally, the independent risk factors for adverse prognosis in DFU patients were confirmed. Spearman analysis reveals a positive correlation between the DFU healing rate and ABI, VEGF in wound tissue, and positive rate of VEGF expression, and a negative correlation with DM duration, FPG, HbA1c, TC, Scr, BUN, and serum VEGF. Further logistic regression analysis finds that the DM duration, FPG, HbA1c, ABI, serum VEGF, VEGF in wound tissue, and positive rate of VEGF expression are the independent risk factors for adverse prognosis in DFU (p < 0.05). DM duration, FPG, HbA1c, ABI, serum VEGF, VEGF in wound tissue, and positive rate of VEGF expression are the independent risk factors for prognosis in DFU patients. Patients with these risk factors should be screened in time, which is of great significance to prevent DFU related adverse events and improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 41 Hailiandong Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222006, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 39 Wuxingnan Road, Tian Shan District, Urumqi, 830002, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 3838, Convention and Exhibition Avenue, Midong District, Urumqi, 831400, China
| | - Zhoujun Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 39 Wuxingnan Road, Tian Shan District, Urumqi, 830002, China
| | - Junliang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Weihai Stomatological Hospital, No. 268, Tongyi South Road, Huancui District, Weihai, 264299, China
| | - Chong Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 41 Hailiandong Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222006, China.
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Liu J, Huang X, Su H, Yu J, Nie X, Liu K, Qin W, Zhao Y, Su Y, Kuang X, Chen D, Lu WW, Chen Y, Hua Q. Tibial Cortex Transverse Transport Facilitates Severe Diabetic Foot Wound Healing via HIF-1α-Induced Angiogenesis. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2681-2696. [PMID: 38707956 PMCID: PMC11070162 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s456590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Management of severe diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remains challenging. Tibial cortex transverse transport (TTT) facilitates healing and limb salvage in patients with recalcitrant DFUs. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown, necessitating the establishment of an animal model and mechanism exploration. Methods Severe DFUs were induced in rats, then assigned to TTT, sham, or control groups (n=16/group). The TTT group underwent a tibial corticotomy, with 6 days each of medial and lateral transport; the sham group had a corticotomy without transport. Ulcer healing was assessed through Laser Doppler, CT angiography, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Serum HIF-1α, PDGF-BB, SDF-1, and VEGF levels were measured by ELISA. Results The TTT group showed lower percentages of wound area, higher dermis thickness (all p < 0.001 expect for p = 0.001 for TTT vs Sham at day 6) and percentage of collagen content (all p < 0.001) than the other two groups. The TTT group had higher perfusion and vessel volume in the hindlimb (all p < 0.001). The number of CD31+ cells (all p < 0.001) and VEGFR2+ cells (at day 6, TTT vs Control, p = 0.001, TTT vs Sham, p = 0.006; at day 12, TTT vs Control, p = 0.003, TTT vs Sham, p = 0.01) were higher in the TTT group. The activity of HIF-1α, PDGF-BB, and SDF-1 was increased in the TTT group (all p < 0.001 except for SDF-1 at day 12, TTT vs Sham, p = 0.005). The TTT group had higher levels of HIF-1α, PDGF-BB, SDF-1, and VEGF in serum than the other groups (all p < 0.001). Conclusion TTT enhanced neovascularization and perfusion at the hindlimb and accelerated healing of the severe DFUs. The underlying mechanism is related to HIF-1α-induced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiajie Huang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjie Su
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Nie
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaibing Liu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wencong Qin
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Su
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaocong Kuang
- Yulin Campus of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Chen
- Research Center for Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - William W Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qikai Hua
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
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Ali IH, Khalil IA, Hefnawy A, Chester A, Yacoub MH, El-Sherbiny IM. Exogenous and endogenous nitric oxide eluting polylactic acid-based nanofibrous scaffolds for enhancing angiogenesis of diabetic wounds. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129736. [PMID: 38280700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Delayed wound healing is a major complication that diabetic patients suffer from due to high microbial infection susceptibility, high diabetic wound alkalinity, a low lymphangiogenesis rate, and a high inflammation rate, resulting in severe gangrene. Hence, this study aims to develop a multifunctional adhesive nanofibrous patch to promote the wound healing process. Phenytoin, sildenafil citrate, and/or nitric oxide-eluting nanoparticles were incorporated separately within the polylactic acid nanofibrous layer. Polylactic acid was fabricated in the form of highly porous nanofibrous matrices that resemble the natural structure of skin tissues in order to act as scaffolds that help cell migration and proliferation. A polylactic acid nanofibrous layer incorporating phenytoin was designed to stimulate fibroblast proliferation and inhibit inflammation. Another polylactic acid nanofibrous layer was loaded either with nitric oxide-eluting nanoparticles or sildenafil as a pro-angiogenic layer that can supply tissues with nitric oxide gas either exogenously or endogenously, respectively. The developed nanofibrous layers were in-vitro evaluated through different physicochemical, mechanical, and biological approaches. Finally, the efficiency of the prepared single multilayered patch was tested using an in-vivo alloxan-induced diabetic rats' model, which proved that the patches were able to release the incorporated cargos in a controlled manner, enhancing the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra H Ali
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center of Material Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Islam A Khalil
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center of Material Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University of Science and Technology (MUST), 6(th) of October, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Amr Hefnawy
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center of Material Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Adrian Chester
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Heart Science Center, Imperial College London, Middlesex UB9 6JH, UK
| | - Magdi H Yacoub
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Heart Science Center, Imperial College London, Middlesex UB9 6JH, UK
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center of Material Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt.
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5
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Jiang Y, Perez-Moreno M. Translational frontiers: insight from lymphatics in skin regeneration. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1347558. [PMID: 38487264 PMCID: PMC10937408 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1347558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The remarkable regenerative ability of the skin, governed by complex molecular mechanisms, offers profound insights into the skin repair processes and the pathogenesis of various dermatological conditions. This understanding, derived from studies in human skin and various model systems, has not only deepened our knowledge of skin regeneration but also facilitated the development of skin substitutes in clinical practice. Recent research highlights the crucial role of lymphatic vessels in skin regeneration. Traditionally associated with fluid dynamics and immune modulation, these vessels are now recognized for interacting with skin stem cells and coordinating regeneration. This Mini Review provides an overview of recent advancements in basic and translational research related to skin regeneration, focusing on the dynamic interplay between lymphatic vessels and skin biology. Key highlights include the critical role of stem cell-lymphatic vessel crosstalk in orchestrating skin regeneration, emerging translational approaches, and their implications for skin diseases. Additionally, the review identifies research gaps and proposes potential future directions, underscoring the significance of this rapidly evolving research arena.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirna Perez-Moreno
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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6
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Rai V, Le H, Agrawal DK. Novel mediators regulating angiogenesis in diabetic foot ulcer healing. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:488-501. [PMID: 37459652 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
A non-healing diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a debilitating clinical problem amounting to socioeconomic and psychosocial burdens. DFUs increase morbidity due to prolonged treatment and mortality in the case of non-treatable ulcers resulting in gangrene and septicemia. The overall amputation rate of the lower extremity with DFU ranges from 3.34% to 42.83%. Wound debridement, antibiotics, applying growth factors, negative pressure wound therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, topical oxygen, and skin grafts are common therapies for DFU. However, recurrence and nonhealing ulcers are still major issues. Chronicity of inflammation, hypoxic environment, poor angiogenesis, and decreased formation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are common impediments leading to nonhealing patterns of DFUs. Angiogenesis is crucial for wound healing since proper vessel formation facilitates nutrients, oxygen, and immune cells to the ulcer tissue to help in clearing out debris and facilitate healing. However, poor angiogenesis due to decreased expression of angiogenic mediators and matrix formation results in nonhealing and ultimately amputation. Multiple proangiogenic mediators and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy exist to enhance angiogenesis, but the results are not satisfactory. Thus, there is a need to investigate novel pro-angiogenic mediators that can either alone or in combination enhance the angiogenesis and healing of DFUs. In this article, we critically reviewed the existing pro-angiogenic mediators followed by potentially novel factors that might play a regulatory role in promoting angiogenesis and wound healing in DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Hoangvi Le
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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7
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Attiogbe E, Larochelle S, Chaib Y, Mainzer C, Mauroux A, Bordes S, Closs B, Gilbert C, Moulin VJ. An in vitro autologous, vascularized, and immunocompetent Tissue Engineered Skin model obtained by the self-assembled approach. Acta Biomater 2023; 168:361-371. [PMID: 37419164 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
A complete in vitro skin model, containing resident cell types is needed to understand physiology and to consider the role of immune and endothelial cells in dermal drug testing. In this study, a cell extraction technique was developed to isolate resident skin cells from the same human donor while preserving the immune and endothelial cells. Then those cells were used to reconstruct an autologous, vascularized, and immunocompetent Tissue-Engineered Skin model, aviTES. Phenotypic characterization of the viable cells was performed on freshly isolated cells and after thawing through flow cytometry. Dermal cell extracts were characterized as fibroblasts, endothelial and immune cells, and the average amount of each cell type represents 4, 0.5, and 1 million viable cells per g of the dermis, respectively. The 3D models, TES and aviTES, were characterized by a fully differentiated epidermis that showed an increase in the presence of Ki67+ cells in the basolateral layer of the aviTES model. Capillary-like network formation, through the self-assembly of endothelial cells, and the presence of functional immune cells were identified through immunofluorescence staining in aviTES. In addition, the aviTES model was immunocompetent, as evidenced by its capacity to increase the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, MIP-1α, and GM-CSF following LPS stimulation. This study describes an autologous skin model containing a functional resident skin immune system and a capillary network. It provides a relevant tool to study the contribution of the immune system to skin diseases and inflammatory responses and to investigate resident skin cell interactions and drug development. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: There is an urgent need for a complete in vitro skin model containing the resident cell types to better understand the role of immune and endothelial cells in skin and to be able to use it for drug testing. Actual 3D models of human skin most often contain only fibroblasts and keratinocytes with a limited number of models containing endothelial cells or a limited variety of immune cells. This study describes an autologous skin model containing a functional resident skin immune system and a capillary network. It provides a relevant tool to study the contribution of the immune system to skin diseases and inflammatory responses and to investigate interactions between resident skin cell, improving our capacity to develop new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Attiogbe
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Larochelle
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Yanis Chaib
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Gilbert
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Véronique J Moulin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Abstract
The epithelial tissues that line our body, such as the skin and gut, have remarkable regenerative prowess and continually renew throughout our lifetimes. Owing to their barrier function, these tissues have also evolved sophisticated repair mechanisms to swiftly heal and limit the penetration of harmful agents following injury. Researchers now appreciate that epithelial regeneration and repair are not autonomous processes but rely on a dynamic cross talk with immunity. A wealth of clinical and experimental data point to the functional coupling of reparative and inflammatory responses as two sides of the same coin. Here we bring to the fore the immunological signals that underlie homeostatic epithelial regeneration and restitution following damage. We review our current understanding of how immune cells contribute to distinct phases of repair. When unchecked, immune-mediated repair programs are co-opted to fuel epithelial pathologies such as cancer, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Thus, understanding the reparative functions of immunity may advance therapeutic innovation in regenerative medicine and epithelial inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Guenin-Mace
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA;
- Immunobiology and Therapy Unit, INSERM U1224, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Piotr Konieczny
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA;
| | - Shruti Naik
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
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9
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Zheng SY, Wan XX, Kambey PA, Luo Y, Hu XM, Liu YF, Shan JQ, Chen YW, Xiong K. Therapeutic role of growth factors in treating diabetic wound. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:364-395. [PMID: 37122434 PMCID: PMC10130901 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i4.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wounds in diabetic patients, especially diabetic foot ulcers, are more difficult to heal compared with normal wounds and can easily deteriorate, leading to amputation. Common treatments cannot heal diabetic wounds or control their many complications. Growth factors are found to play important roles in regulating complex diabetic wound healing. Different growth factors such as transforming growth factor beta 1, insulin-like growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor play different roles in diabetic wound healing. This implies that a therapeutic modality modulating different growth factors to suit wound healing can significantly improve the treatment of diabetic wounds. Further, some current treatments have been shown to promote the healing of diabetic wounds by modulating specific growth factors. The purpose of this study was to discuss the role played by each growth factor in therapeutic approaches so as to stimulate further therapeutic thinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yuan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin-Xing Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Piniel Alphayo Kambey
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xi-Min Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jia-Qi Shan
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
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10
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Fuchs B, Birt A, Moellhoff N, Kuhlmann C, Giunta RE, Wiggenhauser PS. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Improve Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in a Hypoxic Dermal Regeneration Model In Vitro. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59040706. [PMID: 37109664 PMCID: PMC10142758 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Impaired wound healing represents an unsolved medical issue with a high impact on patients’ quality of life and global health care. Even though hypoxia is a significant limiting factor for wound healing, it reveals stimulating effects in gene and protein expression at cellular levels. In particular, hypoxically treated human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) have previously been used to stimulate tissue regeneration. Therefore, we hypothesized that they could promote lymphangiogenesis or angiogenesis. Materials and Methods: Dermal regeneration matrices were seeded with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) or human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) that were merged with ASCs. Cultures were maintained for 24 h and 7 days under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Finally, gene and protein expression were measured regarding subtypes of VEGF, corresponding receptors, and intracellular signaling pathways, especially hypoxia-inducible factor-mediated pathways using multiplex-RT-qPCR and ELISA assays. Results: All cell types reacted to hypoxia with an alteration of gene expression. In particular, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB), vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1/FLT1), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2/KDR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3/FLT4), and prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) were overexpressed significantly depending on upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1a). Moreover, co-cultures with ASCs showed a more intense change in gene and protein expression profiles and gained enhanced angiogenic and lymphangiogenic potential. In particular, long-term hypoxia led to continuous stimulation of HUVECs by ASCs. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated the benefit of hypoxic conditioned ASCs in dermal regeneration concerning angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Even a short hypoxic treatment of 24 h led to the stimulation of LECs and HUVECs in an ASC-co-culture. Long-term hypoxia showed a continuous influence on gene expressions. Therefore, this work emphasizes the supporting effects of hypoxia-conditioned-ASC-loaded collagen scaffolds on wound healing in dermal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Fuchs
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Ziemssenstraße 5, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra Birt
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Ziemssenstraße 5, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas Moellhoff
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Ziemssenstraße 5, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Constanze Kuhlmann
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Ziemssenstraße 5, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Riccardo E. Giunta
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Ziemssenstraße 5, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Severin Wiggenhauser
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Ziemssenstraße 5, 80336 Munich, Germany
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11
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Zacarias CA, de Mendonça Florenziano RF, de Andrade TAM, de Aro AA, do Amaral MEC, dos Santos GMT, Esquisatto MAM. Arnica montana L. associated with microcurrent accelerates the dermis reorganisation of skin lesions. Int J Exp Pathol 2023; 104:81-95. [PMID: 36752313 PMCID: PMC10009304 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the effect of electrical stimulation in association with topical Arnica montana gel on organisational changes in the dermis during tissue repair. An experimental rat incisional skin lesion was used for the study. This involved making an incisional lesion on the dorsum of the animals using a scalpel. Ninety-six animals were used divided into the following groups: control (C), microcurrent (MC); topical treatment with Arnica montana gel (ARN); the ARN + microcurrent (ARN + MC). Treatments were administered daily, and injured tissue samples were collected and processed on Days 2, 6 and 10 for dermis analyses. Myeloperoxidase levels were greater in control than in treatment groups on Days 2 and 6. F4/80 expression was similar among all treatment groups and greater than that in control on Day 2. On Day 6, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor was higher in the MC group than that in other groups, whereas transforming growth factor-β expression increased in the MC and ARN + MC groups on Day 10. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 was higher in the ARN + MC group when compared with other groups on Day 10. Expression levels of collagen I were increased in the ARN and ARN + MC groups when compared with control and MC groups on Day 6, while expression of collagen III was enhanced in MC, ARN, and ARN + MC groups when compared with the control. The protocol combining microcurrent with topical application of ARN reduces the inflammatory process, increases myofibroblasts proliferation and decreases the presence of macrophages in the dermis during skin repair in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cresle Andrei Zacarias
- Graduate Program in Biomedical SciencesUniversity Center of Herminio Ometto Foundation – FHOArarasBrazil
| | | | | | - Andrea Aparecida de Aro
- Graduate Program in Biomedical SciencesUniversity Center of Herminio Ometto Foundation – FHOArarasBrazil
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12
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Ali IH, Khalil IA, El-Sherbiny IM. Design, development, in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of polylactic acid-based multifunctional nanofibrous patches for efficient healing of diabetic wounds. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3215. [PMID: 36828848 PMCID: PMC9958191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired healing of diabetic ulcers is one of the major complications of diabetic patients due to high susceptibility to microbial infections, impaired lymphianogenesis, edema, and consequently impairing proper healing. This could even lead to much worse complications that include severe gangrene, trauma and finally limb amputation. Therefore, this study aims to develop a multilayered durable nanofibrous wound patch loaded with three promising drugs (phenytoin, sildenafil citrate and simvastatin) each in a separate layer to target a different wound healing phase. Polylactic acid was used for the preparation of the nanofibrous matrix of the wound patch, where each drug was incorporated in a separate layer during the preparation process. Drugs release profiles were studied over 3 weeks. Results showed that both phenytoin and simvastatin were released within 14 days while sildenafil continued till 21 days. Both physicochemical and mechanical characteristics of the patches were fully assessed as well as their biodegradability, swellability, breathability and porosity. Results showed that incorporation of drugs preserved the physicochemical and mechanical properties as well as porosity of the developed nanofibers. In addition, patches were evaluated for their biocompatibility and cell adhesion capability before being tested through in-vivo diabetic wound rat model induced by alloxan for three weeks. In vivo results showed that the patches were successful in inducing proper wound healing in diabetic rat model with overcoming the above-mentioned obstacles within 3 weeks. This was confirmed through assessing wound closure as well as from histopathological studies that showed complete healing with proper cell regeneration and arrangement without forming scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra H Ali
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Islam A Khalil
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, 12578, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University of Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
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13
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Promotion of Lymphangiogenesis by Targeted Delivery of VEGF-C Improves Diabetic Wound Healing. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030472. [PMID: 36766814 PMCID: PMC9913977 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds represent a major therapeutic challenge. Lymphatic vessel function is impaired in chronic ulcers but the role of lymphangiogenesis in wound healing has remained unclear. We found that lymphatic vessels are largely absent from chronic human wounds as evaluated in patient biopsies. Excisional wound healing studies were conducted using transgenic mice with or without an increased number of cutaneous lymphatic vessels, as well as antibody-mediated inhibition of lymphangiogenesis. We found that a lack of lymphatic vessels mediated a proinflammatory wound microenvironment and delayed wound closure, and that the VEGF-C/VEGFR3 signaling axis is required for wound lymphangiogenesis. Treatment of diabetic mice (db/db mice) with the F8-VEGF-C fusion protein that targets the alternatively spliced extra domain A (EDA) of fibronectin, expressed in remodeling tissue, promoted wound healing, and potently induced wound lymphangiogenesis. The treatment also reduced tissue inflammation and exerted beneficial effects on the wound microenvironment, including myofibroblast density and collagen deposition. These findings indicate that activating the lymphatic vasculature might represent a new therapeutic strategy for treating chronic non-healing wounds.
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14
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Lashgari NA, Roudsari NM, Zadeh SST, Momtaz S, Abbasifard M, Reiner Ž, Abdolghaffari AH, Sahebkar A. Statins block mammalian target of rapamycin pathway: a possible novel therapeutic strategy for inflammatory, malignant and neurodegenerative diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:57-75. [PMID: 36574095 PMCID: PMC9792946 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01077-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a critical role in several diseases such as cancer, gastric, heart and nervous system diseases. Data suggest that the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in epithelial cells leads to inflammation. Statins, the inhibitors of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA), seem to be able to inhibit the mTOR. Statins are considered to have favorable effects on inflammatory diseases by reducing the complications caused by inflammation and by regulating the inflammatory process and cytokines secretion. This critical review collected data on this topic from clinical, in vivo and in vitro studies published between 1998 and June 2022 in English from databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser-Aldin Lashgari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Momeni Roudsari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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15
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Jiang J, Cong X, Alageel S, Dornseifer U, Schilling AF, Hadjipanayi E, Machens HG, Moog P. In Vitro Comparison of Lymphangiogenic Potential of Hypoxia Preconditioned Serum (HPS) and Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031961. [PMID: 36768283 PMCID: PMC9916704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Strategies for therapeutic lymphangiogenesis are gradually directed toward the use of growth factor preparations. In particular, blood-derived growth factor products, including Hypoxia Preconditioned Serum (HPS) and Platelet-rich Plasma (PRP), are both clinically employed for accelerating tissue repair and have received considerable attention in the field of regenerative medicine research. In this study, a comparative analysis of HPS and PRP was conducted to explore their lymphangiogenic potential. We found higher pro-lymphangiogenic growth factor concentrations of VEGF-C, PDGF-BB, and bFGF in HPS in comparison to normal serum (NS) and PRP. The proliferation and migration of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) were promoted considerably with both HPS and PRP, but the strongest effect was achieved with HPS-40% dilution. Tube formation of LECs showed the highest number of tubes, branching points, greater tube length, and cell-covered area with HPS-10%. Finally, the effects were double-validated using an ex vivo lymphatic ring assay, in which the highest number of sprouts and the greatest sprout length were achieved with HPS-10%. Our findings demonstrate the superior lymphangiogenic potential of a new generation blood-derived secretome obtained by hypoxic preconditioning of peripheral blood cells-a method that offers a novel alternative to PRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaobin Cong
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Alageel
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulf Dornseifer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Isar Klinikum, D-80331 Munich, Germany
| | - Arndt F. Schilling
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ektoras Hadjipanayi
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Günther Machens
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.-G.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Philipp Moog
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.-G.M.); (P.M.)
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16
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Tan MLL, Chin JS, Madden L, Becker DL. Challenges faced in developing an ideal chronic wound model. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:99-114. [PMID: 36573018 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2158809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic wounds are a major drain on healthcare resources and can lead to substantial reductions in quality of life for those affected. Moreover, they often precede serious events such as limb amputations and premature death. In the long run, this burden is likely to escalate with an ageing population and lifestyle diseases such as obesity. Thus far, the identification of beneficial therapeutics against chronic wounds have been hindered by the lack of an ideal chronic wound animal model. Although animal models of delayed healing have been developed, none of these models fully recapitulate the complexity of the human chronic wound condition. Furthermore, most animals do not develop chronic wounds. Only the thoroughbred racehorse develops chronic ulcers. AREAS COVERED In this review, the different characteristics of chronic wounds that highlight its complexity are described. In addition, currently available models reflecting different aspects of chronic wound pathology and their relevance to human chronic wounds are discussed. This article concludes by listing relevant features representative of an ideal chronic wound model. Additionally, alternative approaches for the development of chronic wound models are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Delayed models of healing, including the streptozotocin diabetic model, skin flap model and magnet-induced IR models have emerged. While these models have been widely adopted for preclinical therapeutic testing, their relevance towards human chronic wounds remains debatable. In particular, current delayed healing models often fail to fully incorporate the key characteristics of chronic ulcers. Ultimately, more representative models are required to expedite the advancement of novel therapeutics to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Li Ling Tan
- Nanyang Institute of Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232, Singapore
| | - Jiah Shin Chin
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232, Singapore
| | - Leigh Madden
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232, Singapore
| | - David L Becker
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232, Singapore.,Skin Research Institute Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore.,National Skin Centre, Mandalay Road, Singapore
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17
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Zhang X, He D, Jia J, Liang F, Mei J, Li W, Liu T, Wang Z, Liu Y, Zhang F, Zhang Z, Luo B. Erythropoietin mediates re-programming of endotoxin-tolerant macrophages through PI3K/AKT signaling and protects mice against secondary infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:938944. [PMID: 36016936 PMCID: PMC9396350 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.938944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Initial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure leads to a hypo-responsive state by macrophages to a secondary stimulation of LPS, known as endotoxin tolerance. However, recent findings show that functions of endotoxin-tolerant macrophages are not completely suppressed, whereas they undergo a functional re-programming process with upregulation of a panel of molecules leading to enhanced protective functions including antimicrobial and tissue-remodeling activities. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still elusive. Erythropoietin (EPO), a glycoprotein regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), exerts anti-inflammatory and tissue-protective activities. Nevertheless, the potential effects of EPO on functional re-programming of endotoxin-tolerant macrophages have not been investigated yet. Here, we found that initial LPS exposure led to upregulation of HIF-1α/EPO in macrophages and that EPO enhanced tolerance in tolerized macrophages and mice as demonstrated by suppressed proinflammatory genes such as Il1b, Il6, and Tnfa after secondary LPS stimulation. Moreover, we showed that EPO improved host protective genes in endotoxin-tolerant macrophages and mice, such as the anti-bacterial genes coding for cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (Cnlp) and macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (Marco), and the tissue-repairing gene vascular endothelial growth factor C (Vegfc). Therefore, our findings indicate that EPO mediates the functional re-programming of endotoxin-tolerant macrophages. Mechanistically, we found that PI3K/AKT signaling contributed to EPO-mediated re-programming through upregulation of Irak3 and Wdr5 expression. Specifically, IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 3 (IRAK3) was responsible for inhibiting proinflammatory genes Il1b, Il6, and Tnfa in tolerized macrophages after LPS rechallenge, whereas WDR5 contributed to the upregulation of host beneficial genes including Cnlp, Marco, and Vegfc. In a septic model of mice, EPO pretreatment significantly promoted endotoxin-tolerant re-programming, alleviated lung injury, enhanced bacterial clearance, and decreased mortality in LPS-tolerized mice after secondary infection of Escherichia coli. Collectively, our results reveal a novel role for EPO in mediating functional re-programming of endotoxin-tolerant macrophages; thus, targeting EPO appears to be a new therapeutic option in sepsis and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan He
- Medical College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jialin Jia
- Medical College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feihong Liang
- Department of Medical Science, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Institute of Immunology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Immunology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengxue Zhang
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bangwei Luo, ; Zhiren Zhang, ; Fengxue Zhang,
| | - Zhiren Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Bangwei Luo, ; Zhiren Zhang, ; Fengxue Zhang,
| | - Bangwei Luo
- Institute of Immunology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Bangwei Luo, ; Zhiren Zhang, ; Fengxue Zhang,
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18
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Cherng JH, Lin CAJ, Liu CC, Yeh JZ, Fan GY, Tsai HD, Chung CF, Hsu SD. Hemostasis and Anti-Inflammatory Abilities of AuNPs-Coated Chitosan Dressing for Burn Wounds. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071089. [PMID: 35887586 PMCID: PMC9321560 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Burn injuries are a common hazard in the military, as fire is likely to be weaponized. Thus, it is important to find an effective substance to accelerate burn wound healing. This study used chitosan and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as wound dressings and investigated their effectiveness in femoral artery hemorrhage swine and rat burn models. Chitosan dressing has significant hemostatic properties compared with gauze. Histological results showed that burn wounds treated with chitosan or AuNP-coated chitosan dressings exhibited more cells and a continuous structure of the epidermis and dermis than those of the control and untreated lesion groups. Furthermore, both chitosan dressings have been shown to positively regulate the expression of genes- and cytokines/chemokines-related to the wound healing process; AuNP-coated chitosan significantly lessened severe sepsis and inflammation, balanced the activities of pro-fibrotic and anti-fibrotic ligands for tissue homeostasis, regulated angiogenesis, and inhibited apoptosis activity, thereby being beneficial for the burn microenvironment. Hence, chitosan alone or in combination with AuNPs represents a prospective therapeutic substance as a burn dressing which might be helpful for burn wound care. This study provides a novel hemostasis dressing for modern warfare that is simple to use by most medical and paramedical personnel handling for burn treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juin-Hong Cherng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Department and Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-An J. Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biomedical Engineering in Cancer, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Che Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Jue-Zong Yeh
- Department of Pharmacy, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Gang-Yi Fan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell and Tissue Regeneration, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (H.-D.T.); (C.-F.C.)
| | - Hsin-Da Tsai
- Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell and Tissue Regeneration, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (H.-D.T.); (C.-F.C.)
| | - Chun-Fang Chung
- Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell and Tissue Regeneration, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (H.-D.T.); (C.-F.C.)
| | - Sheng-Der Hsu
- Division of Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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19
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Huang Y, Yang N, Teng D, Mao R, Hao Y, Ma X, Wei L, Wang J. Antibacterial peptide NZ2114-loaded hydrogel accelerates Staphylococcus aureus-infected wound healing. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3639-3656. [PMID: 35524777 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11943-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Wound infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a great challenge which has caused significant burden and economic loss to the medical system. NZ2114, a plectasin-derived peptide, is an antibacterial agent for preventing and treating S. aureus infection, especially for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infection. Here, three-dimensional reticulated antimicrobial peptide (AMP) NZ2114 hydrogels were developed based on hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium alginate (SA); they displayed sustained and stable release properties (97.88 ± 1.79% and 91.1 ± 10.52% release rate in 72 h, respectively) and good short-term cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility. But the HPC-NZ2114 hydrogel had a smaller pore size (diameter 0.832 ± 0.420 μm vs. 3.912 ± 2.881 μm) and better mechanical properties than that of the SA-NZ2114 hydrogel. HPC/SA-NZ2114 hydrogels possess efficient antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo. In a full-thickness skin defect model, the wound closure of the 1.024 mg/g HPC-NZ2114 hydrogel group was superior to those of the SA-NZ2114 hydrogel and antibiotic groups on day 7. The HPC-NZ2114 hydrogel accelerated wound healing by reducing inflammation and promoting the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelial growth factor (EGF) and angiogenesis (CD31) through histological and immunohistochemistry evaluation. These data indicated that the HPC-NZ2114 hydrogel is an excellent candidate for S. aureus infection wound dressing. KEY POINTS: •NZ2114 hydrogels showed potential in vitro bactericidal activity against S. aureus •NZ2114 hydrogels could release continuously for 72 h and had good biocompatibility •NZ2114 hydrogels could effectively promote S. aureus-infected wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology - WIT, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Yang
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Da Teng
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Hao
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanxuan Ma
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Wei
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology - WIT, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, and Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Seo MH, Kim DW, Kim YS, Lee SK. Pentoxifylline-induced protein expression change in RAW 264.7 cells as determined by immunoprecipitation-based high performance liquid chromatography. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261797. [PMID: 35333871 PMCID: PMC8956197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although pentoxifylline (PTX) was identified as a competitive non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, its pharmacological effect has not been clearly elucidated. The present study explored the effect of low dose 10 μg/mL PTX (therapeutic dose) compared to high dose 300 μg/mL PTX (experimental dose) in RAW 264.7 cells through immunoprecipitation-based high performance liquid chromatography (IP-HPLC), immunohistochemistry, and western blot. 10 μg/mL PTX increased the expression of proliferation (Ki-67, PCNA, cyclin D2, cdc25A), epigenetic modification (KDM4D, PCAF, HMGB1), protein translation (DOHH, DHPS, eIF5A1), RAS signaling (KRAS, pAKT1/2/3, PI3K), NFkB signaling (NFkB, GADD45, p38), protection (HSP70, SOD1, GSTO1/2), survival (pAKT1/2/3, SP1, sirtuin 6), neuromuscular differentiation (NSEγ, myosin-1a, desmin), osteoblastic differentiation (BMP2, RUNX2, osterix), acute inflammation (TNFα, IL-1, CXCR4), innate immunity (β-defensin 1, lactoferrin, TLR-3, -4), cell-mediated immunity (CD4, CD8, CD80), while decreased the expression of ER stress (eIF2α, eIF2AK3, ATF6α), fibrosis (FGF2, CTGF, collagen 3A1), and chronic inflammation (CD68, MMP-2, -3, COX2) versus the untreated controls. The activation of proliferation by 10 μg/mL PTX was also supported by the increase of cMyc-MAX heterodimer and β-catenin-TCF1 complex in double IP-HPLC. 10 μg/mL PTX enhanced FAS-mediated apoptosis but diminished p53-mediated apoptosis, and downregulated many angiogenesis proteins (angiogenin, VEGF-A, and FLT4), but upregulated HIF1α, VEGFR2, and CMG2 reactively. Whereas, 300 μg/mL PTX consistently decreased proliferation, epigenetic modification, RAS and NFkB signaling, neuromuscular and osteoblastic differentiation, but increased apoptosis, ER stress, and fibrosis compared to 10 μg/mL PTX. These data suggest PTX has different biological effect on RWA 264.7 cells depending on the concentration of 10 μg/mL and 300 μg/mL PTX. The low dose 10 μg/mL PTX enhanced RAS/NFkB signaling, proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation, particularly, it stimulated neuromuscular and osteoblastic differentiation, innate immunity, and cell-mediated immunity, but attenuated ER stress, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and chronic inflammation, while the high dose 300 μg/mL PTX was found to alleviate the 10 μg/mL PTX-induced biological effects, resulted in the suppression of RAS/NFkB signaling, proliferation, neuromuscular and osteoblastic differentiation, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hyun Seo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Yeon Sook Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health & Medical Sciences, Cheongju University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Suk Keun Lee
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
- Institute of Hydrogen Magnetic Reaction Gene Regulation, Dae Jeon, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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21
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Yen JH, Chio WT, Chuang CJ, Yang HL, Huang ST. Improved Wound Healing by Naringin Associated with MMP and the VEGF Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:1695. [PMID: 35268795 PMCID: PMC8911856 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the wound-healing effectiveness of the phenolic compound, naringin, both in vitro and in vivo. Male mice were shaved on their dorsal skin under isoflurane, a biopsy punch was made in four symmetrical circular resection windows (6 mm) to induce a wound. These excision wounds were used to study the topical effects of naringin in terms of various biochemical, molecular, and histological parameters. We observed a significant recovery in the wound area. Increased levels of MMP-2, 9, 14, TIMP-2, VEGF-A, and VEGF-R1 were induced by naringin in the HaCaT cells. The time course experiments further revealed that levels of VEGF-A and B increased within 36 h; whereas levels of VEGF-C decreased. In line with this, VEGF-R3 levels, but not VEGF-R1 and 2 levels, increased soon after stimulation; although the increase subsided after 36 h. Additionally, naringin cream upregulated wound healing in vitro. The blockage of VEGF by Bevacizumab abolished the function of naringin cream on cell migration. Histological alterations in the wounded skin were restored by naringin cream, which accelerated wound healing via upregulated expression of growth factors (VEGF-A, B, and C and VEGF-R3), and thus increased MMP-2, 9, 14 expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hau Yen
- Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (J.-H.Y.); (W.-T.C.); (C.-J.C.)
| | - Wan-Ting Chio
- Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (J.-H.Y.); (W.-T.C.); (C.-J.C.)
| | - Chia-Ju Chuang
- Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (J.-H.Y.); (W.-T.C.); (C.-J.C.)
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (J.-H.Y.); (W.-T.C.); (C.-J.C.)
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 40402, Taiwan
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22
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Accelerated Wound Healing and Keratinocyte Proliferation through PI3K/Akt/pS6 and VEGFR2 Signaling by Topical Use of Pleural Fluid. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050817. [PMID: 35269438 PMCID: PMC8909204 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired wound healing is an ongoing issue that cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy face. Our previous study regarding lung-cancer-associated pleural fluid (LCPF) demonstrated its propensity to promote endothelial proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, which are crucial features during cutaneous wound healing. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effect of pleural fluid on cutaneous wound closure in vitro and in vivo using HaCaT keratinocytes and a full-thickness skin wound model, respectively. Both heart-failure-associated pleural fluid (HFPF) and LCPF were sequentially centrifuged and filtered to obtain a cell-free status. Treatment with HFPF and LCPF homogeneously induced HaCaT proliferation with cell cycle progression, migration, and MMP2 upregulation. Western blotting revealed increased PI3K/Akt phosphorylation and VEGFR2/VEGFA expression in HaCaT cells. When treated with the PI3K inhibitor, LCPF-induced keratinocyte proliferation was attenuated with decreased pS6 levels. By applying the VEGFR2 inhibitor, LCPF-induced keratinocyte proliferation was ameliorated by pS6 and MMP2 downregulation. The effect of LCPF-induced cell junction rearrangement was disrupted by co-treatment with a VEGFR2 inhibitor. Compared with a 0.9% saline dressing, LCPF significantly accelerated wound closure and re-epithelization when used as a dressing material in a full-thickness wound model. Histological analysis revealed increased neo-epidermis thickness and dermis collagen synthesis in the LCPF-treated group. Furthermore, LCPF treatment activated basal keratinocytes at the wound edge with the upregulation of Ki-67, VEGFA, and MMP2. Our preliminaries provided the benefit of wet dressing with pleural fluid to improve cutaneous wound closure through enhanced re-epithelization and disclosed future autologous application in cancer wound treatment.
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Xie H, Sha S, Lu L, Wu G, Jiang H, Boccaccini AR, Zheng K, Xu R. Cerium-Containing Bioactive Glasses Promote In Vitro Lymphangiogenesis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020225. [PMID: 35213958 PMCID: PMC8875961 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system is crucial for the regeneration of many tissues due to its fundamental role in immune cell trafficking, protein transport, and tissue homeostasis maintenance. Strategies stimulating lymphangiogenesis can provide new therapeutic approaches for tissue repair and regeneration (e.g., chronic wound healing). Here, we explored the effects of cerium-containing mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Ce-MBGNs) on lymphangiogenesis. The results showed that the extracts of Ce-MBGNs (1, 5, or 10 wt/v%) were non-cytotoxic toward lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), while they enhanced the proliferation of LECs. Moreover, as evidenced by the scratch wound healing and Transwell migration assays, conditioned media containing the extract of Ce-MBGNs (1 wt/v%) could enhance the migration of LECs in comparison to the blank control and the media containing vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C, 50 ng/mL). Additionally, a tube-formation assay using LECs showed that the extract of Ce-MBGNs (1 wt/v%) promoted lymphatic vascular network formation. Western blot results suggested that Ce-MBGNs could induce lymphangiogenesis probably through the HIF-1α/VEGFR-3 pathway. Our study for the first time showed the effects of Ce-MBGNs on stimulating lymphangiogenesis in vitro, highlighting the potential of Ce-MBGNs for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Xie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (H.X.); (H.J.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (S.S.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Sha Sha
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (S.S.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Lingbo Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (S.S.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Geng Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (S.S.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (H.X.); (H.J.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (S.S.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Kai Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (S.S.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (R.X.); Tel.: +86-25-8503-1914 (R.X.); Fax: +86-25-8503-1910 (R.X.)
| | - Rongyao Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (H.X.); (H.J.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (S.S.); (L.L.); (G.W.)
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (R.X.); Tel.: +86-25-8503-1914 (R.X.); Fax: +86-25-8503-1910 (R.X.)
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Weng T, Wang J, Yang M, Zhang W, Wu P, You C, Han C, Wang X. Nanomaterials for the delivery of bioactive factors to enhance angiogenesis of dermal substitutes during wound healing. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkab049. [PMID: 36960274 PMCID: PMC8944711 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkab049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Dermal substitutes provide a template for dermal regeneration and reconstruction. They constitutes an ideal clinical treatment for deep skin defects. However, rapid vascularization remains as a major hurdle to the development and application of dermal substitutes. Several bioactive factors play an important regulatory role in the process of angiogenesis and an understanding of the mechanism of achieving their effective delivery and sustained function is vital. Nanomaterials have great potential for tissue engineering. Effective delivery of bioactive factors (including growth factors, peptides and nucleic acids) by nanomaterials is of increasing research interest. This paper discusses the process of dermal substitute angiogenesis and the roles of related bioactive factors in this process. The application of nanomaterials for the delivery of bioactive factors to enhance angiogenesis and accelerate wound healing is also reviewed. We focus on new systems and approaches for delivering bioactive factors for enhancing angiogenesis in dermal substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Weng
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310002, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310002,China
| | - Jialiang Wang
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310002, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310002,China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310002, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310002,China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310002, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310002,China
| | - Pan Wu
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310002, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310002,China
| | - Chuangang You
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310002, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310002,China
| | - Chunmao Han
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310002, China
- Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310002,China
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25
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Zhou J, Wei T, He Z. ADSCs enhance VEGFR3-mediated lymphangiogenesis via METTL3-mediated VEGF-C m 6A modification to improve wound healing of diabetic foot ulcers. Mol Med 2021; 27:146. [PMID: 34773968 PMCID: PMC8590326 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00406-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are an important focus in regenerative medicine. However, the biological function of ADSCs in the wound repair of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the underlying mechanisms of ADSCs involved in the wound healing of DFUs. METHODS The cell surface markers cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34), stromal cell antigen 1 (Stro-1), cluster of differentiation 90 (CD90) and cluster of differentiation 105 (CD105) on ADSCs were identified by flow cytometry. Oil Red O staining and Alizarin Red S staining were performed to identify the multipotential differentiation of ADSCs into adipocytes and bone. The levels of Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and insulin-like growth factor 2 binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) were assessed by RT-qPCR. CCK-8, Transwell and tubule formation assays were conducted to assess lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) viability, migration and tubule formation ability, respectively. RIP and RNA pulldown assays were conducted to assess the interaction between IGF2BP2 and VEGF-C. The levels of VEGF-C, VEGFR3, LYVE-1 and IGF2BP2 proteins were assessed by Western blotting. The levels of VEGF-C in LECs were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Our findings illustrated that ADSCs accelerate LEC proliferation, migration and lymphangiogenesis via the METTL3 pathway and regulate VEGF-C expression via the METTL3/IGF2BP2-m6A pathway VEGF-C-mediated lymphangiogenesis via the METTL3/IGF2BP2-m6A pathway in DFU mice. CONCLUSION ADSCs enhance VEGFR3-mediated lymphangiogenesis via METTL3-mediated VEGF-C m6A modification to improve wound healing in DFUs, indicating that ADSCs may be regarded as a promising therapeutic strategy to promote wound healing in DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tianhong Wei
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhiyou He
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
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Rujirachotiwat A, Suttamanatwong S. Curcumin upregulates transforming growth factor-β1, its receptors, and vascular endothelial growth factor expressions in an in vitro human gingival fibroblast wound healing model. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:535. [PMID: 34657625 PMCID: PMC8522235 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01890-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin accelerates healing of oral wounds; however, the responsible mechanisms remain underexplored. Our hypothesis is curcumin regulates the expression of wound healing-related genes in human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). This study investigated whether curcumin regulates transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, type I TGF-β receptor (TGF-βRI), type II TGF-β receptor (TGF-βRII), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in unwounded hGFs and an in vitro hGF wound healing model. METHODS The cytotoxicity of curcumin was evaluated using the MTT assay. Unwounded hGFs were treated with non-cytotoxic concentrations of curcumin for 24 h. Gene expression was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Then, hGFs were treated with 1 µM curcumin in an in vitro wound healing model. PD98059 pretreatment was performed to determine whether extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling was required for regulation of gene expression by curcumin. RESULTS Curcumin at 0.1-20 µM caused no significant change in cell viability. In unwounded hGFs, curcumin had no significant effect on TGF-β1, TGF-βRI, TGF-βRII, or VEGF expression. Conversely, curcumin significantly upregulated the expression of these genes in the in vitro wound healing model. PD98059 significantly attenuated the curcumin-stimulated TGF-βRI, TGF-βRII, and VEGF expression, whereas it had no effect on TGF-β1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin upregulated TGF-β1, TGF-βRI, TGF-βRII, and VEGF expression in an in vitro hGF wound healing model. The ERK pathway is required for TGF-βRI, TGF-βRII, and VEGF induction by curcumin. Our findings support the development of curcumin as a therapeutic agent for gingival ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auspreeya Rujirachotiwat
- Graduate Program in Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Banphue Hospital, 134 Moo 2, Plubphue Road, Banphue District, Udonthani, 41160, Thailand
| | - Supaporn Suttamanatwong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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27
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Miricescu D, Badoiu SC, Stanescu-Spinu II, Totan AR, Stefani C, Greabu M. Growth Factors, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Metformin-Promoters of the Wound Healing Process in Burns? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179512. [PMID: 34502429 PMCID: PMC8431501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Burns can be caused by various factors and have an increased risk of infection that can seriously delay the wound healing process. Chronic wounds caused by burns represent a major health problem. Wound healing is a complex process, orchestrated by cytokines, growth factors, prostaglandins, free radicals, clotting factors, and nitric oxide. Growth factors released during this process are involved in cell growth, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Reactive oxygen species are released in acute and chronic burn injuries and play key roles in healing and regeneration. The main aim of this review is to present the roles of growth factors, reactive oxygen species, and metformin in the healing process of burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Miricescu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.R.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Silviu Constantin Badoiu
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Life Memorial Hospital, 365 Grivitei Street, 010719 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (S.C.B.); (I.-I.S.-S.)
| | - Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.R.T.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.B.); (I.-I.S.-S.)
| | - Alexandra Ripszky Totan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.R.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Constantin Stefani
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Base, Dr. Carol Davila Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria Greabu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.R.T.); (M.G.)
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28
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Kataru RP, Baik JE, Park HJ, Ly CL, Shin J, Schwartz N, Lu TT, Ortega S, Mehrara BJ. Lymphatic-specific intracellular modulation of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling improves lymphatic growth and function. Sci Signal 2021; 14:eabc0836. [PMID: 34376570 PMCID: PMC8567054 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abc0836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous administration of lymphangiogenic growth factors is widely used to study changes in lymphatic function in pathophysiology. However, this approach can result in off-target effects, thereby generating conflicting data. To circumvent this issue, we modulated intracellular VEGF-C signaling by conditionally knocking out the lipid phosphatase PTEN using the Vegfr3 promoter to drive the expression of Cre-lox in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). PTEN is an intracellular brake that inhibits the downstream effects of the activation of VEGFR3 by VEGF-C. Activation of Cre-lox recombination in adult mice resulted in an expanded functional lymphatic network due to LEC proliferation that was independent of lymphangiogenic growth factor production. Furthermore, compared with lymphangiogenesis induced by VEGF-C injection, LECPTEN animals had mature, nonleaky lymphatics with intact cell-cell junctions and reduced local tissue inflammation. Last, compared with wild-type or VEGF-C-injected mice, LECPTEN animals had an improved capacity to resolve inflammatory responses. Our findings indicate that intracellular modulation of lymphangiogenesis is effective in inducing functional lymphatic networks and has no off-target inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu P Kataru
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Jung Eun Baik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hyeung Ju Park
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Catherine L Ly
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jinyeon Shin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Noa Schwartz
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program and Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Theresa T Lu
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program and Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Sagrario Ortega
- Transgenic Mice Unit, Biotechnology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, 20829, Spain
| | - Babak J Mehrara
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA
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Guan Y, Niu H, Liu Z, Dang Y, Shen J, Zayed M, Ma L, Guan J. Sustained oxygenation accelerates diabetic wound healing by promoting epithelialization and angiogenesis and decreasing inflammation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj0153. [PMID: 34452918 PMCID: PMC8397271 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nonhealing diabetic wounds are common complications for diabetic patients. Because chronic hypoxia prominently delays wound healing, sustained oxygenation to alleviate hypoxia is hypothesized to promote diabetic wound healing. However, sustained oxygenation cannot be achieved by current clinical approaches, including hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Here, we present a sustained oxygenation system consisting of oxygen-release microspheres and a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging hydrogel. The hydrogel captures the naturally elevated ROS in diabetic wounds, which may be further elevated by the oxygen released from the administered microspheres. The sustained release of oxygen augmented the survival and migration of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, promoted angiogenic growth factor expression and angiogenesis in diabetic wounds, and decreased the proinflammatory cytokine expression. These effects significantly increased the wound closure rate. Our findings demonstrate that sustained oxygenation alone, without using drugs, can heal diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Hong Niu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Zhongting Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Yu Dang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mohamed Zayed
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jianjun Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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Stritt S, Koltowska K, Mäkinen T. Homeostatic maintenance of the lymphatic vasculature. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:955-970. [PMID: 34332911 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature is emerging as a multifaceted regulator of tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Lymphatic vessels drain fluid, macromolecules, and immune cells from peripheral tissues to lymph nodes (LNs) and the systemic circulation. Their recently uncovered functions extend beyond drainage and include direct modulation of adaptive immunity and paracrine regulation of organ growth. The developmental mechanisms controlling lymphatic vessel growth have been described with increasing precision. It is less clear how the essential functional features of lymphatic vessels are established and maintained. We discuss the mechanisms that maintain lymphatic vessel integrity in adult tissues and control vessel repair and regeneration. This knowledge is crucial for understanding the pathological vessel changes that contribute to disease, and provides an opportunity for therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Stritt
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katarzyna Koltowska
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Taija Mäkinen
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
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31
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He ZY, Huang MT, Cui X, Zhou ST, Wu Y, Zhang PH, Zhou J. Long noncoding RNA GAS5 accelerates diabetic wound healing and promotes lymphangiogenesis via miR-217/Prox1 axis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 532:111283. [PMID: 33865922 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is usually the leading cause of chronic non-healing wounds. LncRNA-GAS5 has been verified to be involved in the regulation of diabetes or high glucose (HG)-stimulated cells. However, its regulatory roles in diabetic wound healing need further investigation. METHOD GAS5, miR-217 and Prox1 were identified by qRT-PCR. MTT, flow cytometry assay, wound-healing assay and tube formation were used to analyze cell viability, apoptosis, migration and tube formation capacity. Western blotting was carried out to detect the protein expression of c-Myc, CyclinD1, CDK4, Bcl-2, Prox1, VEGFR-3 and LYVE-1. Bioinformatics and luciferase assay were performed to predict and validate the binding sites of miR-217 on GAS5 and Prox1. Immunofluorescence staining detected the expression and distribution of Prox1. The wound healing rate was also assessed by setting up the diabetic mouse model. H&E staining assessed the distribution of inflammatory cells and fibroblasts in the wound tissues. RESULTS GAS5 was significantly down-regulated whereas miR-217 was obviously up-regulated in diabetic skin, HG-induced lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and diabetic mouse model. GAS5 sponged miR-217 to up-regulate Prox1. GAS5 overexpression or miR-217 inhibition rescued the impairments of cell viability, migration and lymphatic vessel formation and the facilitation of apoptosis of LECs caused by HG. Similar impacts were observed on the protein level of VEGFR-3, LYVE-1, and Prox1. GAS5 promoted wound healing and lymphangiogenesis in the diabetic mouse model. CONCLUSION GAS5 sponged miR-217 to up-regulate Prox1 and promote lymphangiogenesis and diabetic wound healing. This might provide novel therapeutic strategy to improve the efficacy of diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-You He
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Mi-Tao Huang
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Xu Cui
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Si-Tuo Zhou
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Pi-Hong Zhang
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China.
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32
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Abstract
Lymphatic vessels maintain tissue fluid homeostasis by returning to blood circulation interstitial fluid that has extravasated from the blood capillaries. They provide a trafficking route for cells of the immune system, thus critically contributing to immune surveillance. Developmental or functional defects in the lymphatic vessels, their obstruction or damage, lead to accumulation of fluid in tissues, resulting in lymphedema. Here we discuss developmental lymphatic anomalies called lymphatic malformations and complex lymphatic anomalies that manifest as localized or multifocal lesions of the lymphatic vasculature, respectively. They are rare diseases that are caused mostly by somatic mutations and can present with variable symptoms based upon the size and location of the lesions composed of fluid-filled cisterns or channels. Substantial progress has been made recently in understanding the molecular basis of their pathogenesis through the identification of their genetic causes, combined with the elucidation of the underlying mechanisms in animal disease models and patient-derived lymphatic endothelial cells. Most of the solitary somatic mutations that cause lymphatic malformations and complex lymphatic anomalies occur in genes that encode components of oncogenic growth factor signal transduction pathways. This has led to successful repurposing of some targeted cancer therapeutics to the treatment of lymphatic malformations and complex lymphatic anomalies. Apart from the mutations that act as lymphatic endothelial cell-autonomous drivers of these anomalies, current evidence points to superimposed paracrine mechanisms that critically contribute to disease pathogenesis and thus provide additional targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we review these advances and discuss new treatment strategies that are based on the recently identified molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taija Mäkinen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden (T.M.)
| | - Laurence M Boon
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Center for Vascular Anomalies, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium (L.M.B.).,Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (L.M.B., M.V.)
| | - Miikka Vikkula
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (L.M.B., M.V.).,Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (M.V.)
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland (K.A.)
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Szőke D, Kovács G, Kemecsei É, Bálint L, Szoták-Ajtay K, Aradi P, Styevkóné Dinnyés A, Mui BL, Tam YK, Madden TD, Karikó K, Kataru RP, Hope MJ, Weissman D, Mehrara BJ, Pardi N, Jakus Z. Nucleoside-modified VEGFC mRNA induces organ-specific lymphatic growth and reverses experimental lymphedema. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3460. [PMID: 34103491 PMCID: PMC8187400 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23546-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack or dysfunction of the lymphatics leads to secondary lymphedema formation that seriously reduces the function of the affected organs and results in degradation of quality of life. Currently, there is no definitive treatment option for lymphedema. Here, we utilized nucleoside-modified mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encoding murine Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C (VEGFC) to stimulate lymphatic growth and function and reduce experimental lymphedema in mouse models. We demonstrated that administration of a single low-dose of VEGFC mRNA-LNPs induced durable, organ-specific lymphatic growth and formation of a functional lymphatic network. Importantly, VEGFC mRNA-LNP treatment reversed experimental lymphedema by restoring lymphatic function without inducing any obvious adverse events. Collectively, we present a novel application of the nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNP platform, describe a model for identifying the organ-specific physiological and pathophysiological roles of the lymphatics, and propose an efficient and safe treatment option that may serve as a novel therapeutic tool to reduce lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Szőke
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kovács
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Kemecsei
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Bálint
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kitti Szoták-Ajtay
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Petra Aradi
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Styevkóné Dinnyés
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Raghu P Kataru
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Drew Weissman
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Babak J Mehrara
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Zoltán Jakus
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Chávez MN, Fuchs B, Moellhoff N, Hofmann D, Zhang L, Selão TT, Giunta RE, Egaña JT, Nickelsen J, Schenck TL. Use of photosynthetic transgenic cyanobacteria to promote lymphangiogenesis in scaffolds for dermal regeneration. Acta Biomater 2021; 126:132-143. [PMID: 33753313 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Impaired wound healing represents an unsolved medical need with a high impact on patients´ quality of life and global health care. Even though its causes are diverse, ischemic-hypoxic conditions and exacerbated inflammation are shared pathological features responsible for obstructing tissue restoration. In line with this, it has been suggested that promoting a normoxic pro-regenerative environment and accelerating inflammation resolution, by reinstating the lymphatic fluid transport, could allow the wound healing process to be resumed. Our group was first to demonstrate the functional use of scaffolds seeded with photosynthetic microorganisms to supply tissues with oxygen. Moreover, we previously proposed a photosynthetic gene therapy strategy to create scaffolds that deliver other therapeutic molecules, such as recombinant human growth factors into the wound area. In the present work, we introduce the use of transgenic Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 cyanobacteria (SynHA), which can produce oxygen and lymphangiogenic hyaluronic acid, in photosynthetic biomaterials. We show that the co-culture of lymphatic endothelial cells with SynHA promotes their survival and proliferation under hypoxic conditions. Also, hyaluronic acid secreted by the cyanobacteria enhanced their lymphangiogenic potential as shown by changes to their gene expression profile, the presence of lymphangiogenic protein markers and their capacity to build lymph vessel tubes. Finally, by seeding SynHA into collagen-based dermal regeneration materials, we developed a viable photosynthetic scaffold that promotes lymphangiogenesis in vitro under hypoxic conditions. The results obtained in this study lay the groundwork for future tissue engineering applications using transgenic cyanobacteria that could become a therapeutic alternative for chronic wound treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, we introduce the use of transgenic Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 (SynHA) cyanobacteria, which were genetically engineered to produce hyaluronic acid, to create lymphangiogenic photosynthetic scaffolds for dermal regeneration. Our results confirmed that SynHA cyanobacteria maintain their photosynthetic capacity under standard human cell culture conditions and efficiently proliferate when seeded inside fibrin-collagen scaffolds. Moreover, we show that SynHA supported the viability of co-cultured lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) under hypoxic conditions by providing them with photosynthetic-derived oxygen, while cyanobacteria-derived hyaluronic acid stimulated the lymphangiogenic capacity of LECs. Since tissue hypoxia and impaired lymphatic drainage are two key factors that directly affect wound healing, our results suggest that lymphangiogenic photosynthetic biomaterials could become a treatment option for chronic wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myra N Chávez
- Molecular Plant Science, Department Biology I, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Fuchs
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas Moellhoff
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Hofmann
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lifang Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tiago Toscano Selão
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Riccardo E Giunta
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - José Tomás Egaña
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Biological Sciences and Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jörg Nickelsen
- Molecular Plant Science, Department Biology I, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thilo L Schenck
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Frauenklinik Dr. Geisenhofer, Munich, Germany.
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Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Monitors Cutaneous Wound Healing under Angiogenesis-Promoting Treatment in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Mice. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11052447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
During wound healing, the rapid re-establishment of a functional microcirculation in the wounded tissue is of utmost importance. We applied optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography to evaluate vascular remodeling in an excisional wound model in the pinnae of C57BL/6 and db/db mice receiving different proangiogenic topical treatments. Analysis of the high-resolution OCT angiograms, including the four quantitative parameters vessel density, vessel length, number of bifurcations, and vessel tortuosity, revealed changes of the microvasculature and allowed identification of the overlapping wound healing phases hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Angiograms acquired in the inflammatory phase in the first days showed a dilation of vessels and recruitment of pre-existing capillaries. In the proliferative phase, angiogenesis with the sprouting of new capillaries into the wound tissue led to an increase of the OCT angiography parameters vessel density, normalized vessel length, number of bifurcations, and vessel tortuosity by 28–47%, 39–52%, 33–48%, and 3–8% versus baseline, respectively. After the peak observed on study days four to seven, the parameters slowly decreased but remained still elevated 18 days after wounding, indicating a continuing remodeling phase. Our study suggests that OCT angiography has the potential to serve as a valuable preclinical research tool in studies investigating impaired vascular remodeling during wound healing and potential new treatment strategies.
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Ahmed R, Afreen A, Tariq M, Zahid AA, Masoud MS, Ahmed M, Ali I, Akram Z, Hasan A. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells preconditioned with nitric-oxide-releasing chitosan/PVA hydrogel accelerate diabetic wound healing in rabbits. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abc28b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Künnapuu J, Bokharaie H, Jeltsch M. Proteolytic Cleavages in the VEGF Family: Generating Diversity among Angiogenic VEGFs, Essential for the Activation of Lymphangiogenic VEGFs. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10020167. [PMID: 33672235 PMCID: PMC7926383 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) regulate the growth of blood and lymphatic vessels. Some of them induce the growth of blood vessels, and others the growth of lymphatic vessels. Blocking VEGF-A is used today to treat several types of cancer (“antiangiogenic therapy”). However, in other diseases, we would like to increase the activity of VEGFs. For example, VEGF-A could generate new blood vessels to protect from heart disease, and VEGF-C could generate new lymphatics to counteract lymphedema. Clinical trials are testing the latter concept at the moment. Because VEGF-C and VEGF-D are produced as inactive precursors, we propose that novel drugs could also target the enzymatic activation of VEGF-C and VEGF-D. However, because of the delicate balance between too much and too little vascular growth, a detailed understanding of the activation of the VEGFs is needed before such concepts can be converted into safe and efficacious therapies. Abstract Specific proteolytic cleavages turn on, modify, or turn off the activity of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). Proteolysis is most prominent among the lymphangiogenic VEGF-C and VEGF-D, which are synthesized as precursors that need to undergo enzymatic removal of their C- and N-terminal propeptides before they can activate their receptors. At least five different proteases mediate the activating cleavage of VEGF-C: plasmin, ADAMTS3, prostate-specific antigen, cathepsin D, and thrombin. All of these proteases except for ADAMTS3 can also activate VEGF-D. Processing by different proteases results in distinct forms of the “mature” growth factors, which differ in affinity and receptor activation potential. The “default” VEGF-C-activating enzyme ADAMTS3 does not activate VEGF-D, and therefore, VEGF-C and VEGF-D do function in different contexts. VEGF-C itself is also regulated in different contexts by distinct proteases. During embryonic development, ADAMTS3 activates VEGF-C. The other activating proteases are likely important for non-developmental lymphangiogenesis during, e.g., tissue regeneration, inflammation, immune response, and pathological tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis. The better we understand these events at the molecular level, the greater our chances of developing successful therapies targeting VEGF-C and VEGF-D for diseases involving the lymphatics such as lymphedema or cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Künnapuu
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.K.); (H.B.)
| | - Honey Bokharaie
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.K.); (H.B.)
| | - Michael Jeltsch
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.K.); (H.B.)
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Wihuri Research Institute, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-50-3200235
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Yaron JR, Zhang L, Guo Q, Awo EA, Burgin M, Schutz LN, Zhang N, Kilbourne J, Daggett-Vondras J, Lowe KM, Lucas AR. Recombinant Myxoma Virus-Derived Immune Modulator M-T7 Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing and Improves Tissue Remodeling. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1003. [PMID: 33105865 PMCID: PMC7690590 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex dermal wounds represent major medical and financial burdens, especially in the context of comorbidities such as diabetes, infection and advanced age. New approaches to accelerate and improve, or "fine tune" the healing process, so as to improve the quality of cutaneous wound healing and management, are the focus of intense investigation. Here, we investigate the topical application of a recombinant immune modulating protein which inhibits the interactions of chemokines with glycosaminoglycans, reducing damaging or excess inflammation responses in a splinted full-thickness excisional wound model in mice. M-T7 is a 37 kDa-secreted, virus-derived glycoprotein that has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in numerous animal models of inflammatory immunopathology. Topical treatment with recombinant M-T7 significantly accelerated wound healing when compared to saline treatment alone. Healed wounds exhibited properties of improved tissue remodeling, as determined by collagen maturation. M-T7 treatment accelerated the rate of peri-wound angiogenesis in the healing wounds with increased levels of TNF, VEGF and CD31. The immune cell response after M-T7 treatment was associated with a retention of CCL2 levels, and increased abundances of arginase-1-expressing M2 macrophages and CD4 T cells. Thus, topical treatment with recombinant M-T7 promotes a pro-resolution environment in healing wounds, and has potential as a novel treatment approach for cutaneous tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan R. Yaron
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (J.R.Y.); (Q.G.); (E.A.A.); (M.B.); (L.N.S.); (N.Z.)
| | - Liqiang Zhang
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (J.R.Y.); (Q.G.); (E.A.A.); (M.B.); (L.N.S.); (N.Z.)
| | - Qiuyun Guo
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (J.R.Y.); (Q.G.); (E.A.A.); (M.B.); (L.N.S.); (N.Z.)
| | - Enkidia A. Awo
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (J.R.Y.); (Q.G.); (E.A.A.); (M.B.); (L.N.S.); (N.Z.)
| | - Michelle Burgin
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (J.R.Y.); (Q.G.); (E.A.A.); (M.B.); (L.N.S.); (N.Z.)
| | - Lauren N. Schutz
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (J.R.Y.); (Q.G.); (E.A.A.); (M.B.); (L.N.S.); (N.Z.)
| | - Nathan Zhang
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (J.R.Y.); (Q.G.); (E.A.A.); (M.B.); (L.N.S.); (N.Z.)
| | - Jacquelyn Kilbourne
- Department of Animal Care and Technologies, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (J.K.); (J.D.-V.); (K.M.L.)
| | - Juliane Daggett-Vondras
- Department of Animal Care and Technologies, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (J.K.); (J.D.-V.); (K.M.L.)
| | - Kenneth M. Lowe
- Department of Animal Care and Technologies, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (J.K.); (J.D.-V.); (K.M.L.)
| | - Alexandra R. Lucas
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics and Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (J.R.Y.); (Q.G.); (E.A.A.); (M.B.); (L.N.S.); (N.Z.)
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Bhattacharjee S, Lee Y, Zhu B, Wu H, Chen Y, Chen H. Epsins in vascular development, function and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:833-842. [PMID: 32930806 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epsins are a family of adaptor proteins involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis. In the vasculature, epsins 1 and 2 are functionally redundant members of this family that are expressed in the endothelial cells of blood vessels and the lymphatic system throughout development and adulthood. These proteins contain a number of peptide motifs that allow them to interact with lipid moieties and a variety of proteins. These interactions facilitate the regulation of a wide range of cell signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on the involvement of epsins 1 and 2 in controlling vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. We also discuss the therapeutic implications of understanding the molecular mechanisms of epsin-mediated regulation in diseases such as atherosclerosis and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Bhattacharjee
- Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yang Lee
- Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bo Zhu
- Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yabing Chen
- Department of Pathology, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Research Department, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 promotes lymphangiogenesis in lymphatic endothelial cells through the ERK and Akt signaling pathways. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6841-6854. [PMID: 32886325 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
LL-37, the only member of the cathelicidin family of cationic antimicrobial peptides in humans has been shown to exhibit a wide variety of biological actions in addition to its antimicrobial activity. However, the lymphangiogenic effect of LL-37 has not been elucidated yet. In this study, we examined the effects of LL-37 on lymphangiogenesis and evaluated the underlying molecular mechanisms. LL-37 treatment significantly increased the migration and tube-like formation of human dermal lymphatic microvascular endothelial cells (HDLECs) and promoted the expression of lymphangiogenic factor in HDLECs. Treatment with LL-37 increased phosphorylation of ERK and Akt proteins in HDLECs, and pretreatment with ERK and Akt inhibitors significantly blocked the LL-37-induced HDLEC migration and tube-like formation. Furthermore, to investigate the involvement of formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) signaling in LL-37-induced lymphangiogenesis, HDLECs were treated with an FPRL1 antagonist. Pretreatment with the FPRL1 antagonist inhibited LL-37-induced phosphorylation of ERK and Akt proteins and attenuated LL-37-induced HDLEC migration and tube-like formation. These data indicated that LL-37 induces lymphangiogenesis in lymphatic endothelial cells via FPRL1, and the activation of the ERK and Akt-dependent signaling pathways.
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Campbell KT, Silva EA. Biomaterial Based Strategies for Engineering New Lymphatic Vasculature. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000895. [PMID: 32734721 PMCID: PMC8985521 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system is essential for tissue regeneration and repair due to its pivotal role in resolving inflammation, immune cell surveillance, lipid transport, and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Loss of functional lymphatic vasculature is directly implicated in a variety of diseases, including lymphedema, obesity, and the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Strategies that stimulate the formation of new lymphatic vessels (lymphangiogenesis) could provide an appealing new approach to reverse the progression of these diseases. However, lymphangiogenesis is relatively understudied and stimulating therapeutic lymphangiogenesis faces challenges in precise control of lymphatic vessel formation. Biomaterial delivery systems could be used to unleash the therapeutic potential of lymphangiogenesis for a variety of tissue regenerative applications due to their ability to achieve precise spatial and temporal control of multiple therapeutics, direct tissue regeneration, and improve the survival of delivered cells. In this review, the authors begin by introducing therapeutic lymphangiogenesis as a target for tissue regeneration, then an overview of lymphatic vasculature will be presented followed by a description of the mechanisms responsible for promoting new lymphatic vessels. Importantly, this work will review and discuss current biomaterial applications for stimulating lymphangiogenesis. Finally, challenges and future directions for utilizing biomaterials for lymphangiogenic based treatments are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Eduardo A Silva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Shi R, Lian W, Jin Y, Cao C, Han S, Yang X, Zhao S, Li M, Zhao H. Role and effect of vein-transplanted human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the repair of diabetic foot ulcers in rats. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:620-630. [PMID: 32484226 PMCID: PMC7333920 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of diabetic complications, which is frequently present and tormented in diabetes mellitus. Most multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are capable of immune evasion, providing an allogeneic, ready-to-use, cell product option for therapeutic applications. The beneficial effect of MSCs for the treatment of a variety of traumatic injuries, such as open wounds, has been extensively explored. In this study, a rat DFU model was used to simulate the pathophysiology of clinical patients and to investigate the localization of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) after intravenous transplantation and its role in DFU healing, so as to evaluate the potential of hUC-MSCs in the treatment of DFU. The diabetic rat model was established by streptozotocin injection, which was used to create full-thickness foot dorsal skin wounds to mimic DFU by a 6-mm skin biopsy punch and a Westcott scissor. The hUC-MSCs were transplanted through femoral vein, and the ulcer cicatrization situation and the fate of hUC-MSCs were evaluated. Our data suggest that intravenously transplantated hUC-MSCs have the ability to migrate and locate to the wound tissue and are helpful to wound healing in DFU rats, partly by regulating inflammation, trans-differentiation and providing growth factors that promote angiogenesis, cell proliferation and collagen deposition. Herein, we demonstrate that hUC-MSC transplantation is able to accelerate DFU healing in rats and transplantation of exogenous stem cells may be a potential strategy for clinical application in DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfeng Shi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Weishuai Lian
- Department of Interventional & Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- Institute of Medical Intervention Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yinpeng Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Chuanwu Cao
- Department of Interventional & Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- Institute of Medical Intervention Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shilong Han
- Department of Interventional & Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- Institute of Medical Intervention Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaohu Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Suming Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Maoquan Li
- Department of Interventional & Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- Institute of Medical Intervention Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Kataru RP, Park HJ, Baik JE, Li C, Shin J, Mehrara BJ. Regulation of Lymphatic Function in Obesity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:459. [PMID: 32499718 PMCID: PMC7242657 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system has many functions, including macromolecules transport, fat absorption, regulation and modulation of adaptive immune responses, clearance of inflammatory cytokines, and cholesterol metabolism. Thus, it is evident that lymphatic function can play a key role in the regulation of a wide array of biologic phenomenon, and that physiologic changes that alter lymphatic function may have profound pathologic effects. Recent studies have shown that obesity can markedly impair lymphatic function. Obesity-induced pathologic changes in the lymphatic system result, at least in part, from the accumulation of inflammatory cells around lymphatic vessel leading to impaired lymphatic collecting vessel pumping capacity, leaky initial and collecting lymphatics, alterations in lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) gene expression, and degradation of junctional proteins. These changes are important since impaired lymphatic function in obesity may contribute to the pathology of obesity in other organ systems in a feed-forward manner by increasing low-grade tissue inflammation and the accumulation of inflammatory cytokines. More importantly, recent studies have suggested that interventions that inhibit inflammatory responses, either pharmacologically or by lifestyle modifications such as aerobic exercise and weight loss, improve lymphatic function and metabolic parameters in obese mice. The purpose of this review is to summarize the pathologic effects of obesity on the lymphatic system, the cellular mechanisms that regulate these responses, the effects of impaired lymphatic function on metabolic syndrome in obesity, and the interventions that may improve lymphatic function in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu P Kataru
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hyeong Ju Park
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jung Eun Baik
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Claire Li
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jinyeon Shin
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Babak J Mehrara
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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Norden PR, Kume T. The Role of Lymphatic Vascular Function in Metabolic Disorders. Front Physiol 2020; 11:404. [PMID: 32477160 PMCID: PMC7232548 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its roles in the maintenance of interstitial fluid homeostasis and immunosurveillance, the lymphatic system has a critical role in regulating transport of dietary lipids to the blood circulation. Recent work within the past two decades has identified an important relationship between lymphatic dysfunction and patients with metabolic disorders, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, in part characterized by abnormal lipid metabolism and transport. Utilization of several genetic mouse models, as well as non-genetic models of diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome, has demonstrated that abnormal lymphangiogenesis and poor collecting vessel function, characterized by impaired contractile ability and perturbed barrier integrity, underlie lymphatic dysfunction relating to obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Despite the progress made by these models, the contribution of the lymphatic system to metabolic disorders remains understudied and new insights into molecular signaling mechanisms involved are continuously developing. Here, we review the current knowledge related to molecular mechanisms resulting in impaired lymphatic function within the context of obesity and diabetes. We discuss the role of inflammation, transcription factor signaling, vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated signaling, and nitric oxide signaling contributing to impaired lymphangiogenesis and perturbed lymphatic endothelial cell barrier integrity, valve function, and contractile ability in collecting vessels as well as their viability as therapeutic targets to correct lymphatic dysfunction and improve metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter R. Norden
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tsutomu Kume
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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Wu J, Pei G, Zeng R, Xu G. Lymphatic Vessels Enhancing Adaptive Immunity Deteriorates Renal Inflammation and Renal Fibrosis. KIDNEY DISEASES 2020; 6:150-156. [PMID: 32523957 DOI: 10.1159/000506201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Lymphatic vessels transport lymph away from microvascular beds into the cardiovascular system. The basic function of the lymphatic system include absorption of water and macromolecules in the interstitial fluid, which plays an important role in maintaining osmotic balance of the body. Recent studies have shown that lymphangiogenesis is associated with tumor metabolism, injury repair, and chronic inflammation, and deteriorates disease progression via immune cell trafficking. Summary Renal interstitial lymph-angiogenesis is found in patients with chronic kidney disease and a series of animal models of renal fibrosis. Lymphatic vessels transfer antigen and antigen-presenting cells from peripheral tissues to lymph nodes, which initiates adaptive immunity and in turn deteriorates renal inflammation and renal fibrosis, even in non-autoimmune renal diseases. Key Messages This review summarizes the latest findings on how lymphatics participate in the progression of chronic kidney disease. This discussion will serve to highlight the role of adaptive immunity in non-infectious and non-autoimmune nephropathy, in order to provide new ideas and methods for prevention and treatment of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianliang Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangchang Pei
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Hemostasis stimulates lymphangiogenesis through release and activation of VEGFC. Blood 2020; 134:1764-1775. [PMID: 31562136 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019001736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemostasis associated with tissue injury is followed by wound healing, a complex process by which damaged cellular material is removed and tissue repaired. Angiogenic responses are a central aspect of wound healing, including the growth of new lymphatic vessels by which immune cells, protein, and fluid are transported out of the wound area. The concept that hemostatic responses might be linked to wound healing responses is an old one, but demonstrating such a link in vivo and defining specific molecular mechanisms by which the 2 processes are connected has been difficult. In the present study, we demonstrate that the lymphangiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) and VEGFD are cleaved by thrombin and plasmin, serine proteases generated during hemostasis and wound healing. Using a new tail-wounding assay to test the relationship between clot formation and lymphangiogenesis in mice, we find that platelets accelerate lymphatic growth after injury in vivo. Genetic studies reveal that platelet enhancement of lymphatic growth after wounding is dependent on the release of VEGFC, but not VEGFD, a finding consistent with high expression of VEGFC in both platelets and avian thrombocytes. Analysis of lymphangiogenesis after full-thickness skin excision, a wound model that is not associated with significant clot formation, also revealed an essential role for VEGFC, but not VEGFD. These studies define a concrete molecular and cellular link between hemostasis and lymphangiogenesis during wound healing and reveal that VEGFC, the dominant lymphangiogenic factor during embryonic development, continues to play a dominant role in lymphatic growth in mature animals.
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Lin CJ, Lan YM, Ou MQ, Ji LQ, Lin SD. Expression of miR-217 and HIF-1α/VEGF pathway in patients with diabetic foot ulcer and its effect on angiogenesis of diabetic foot ulcer rats. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:1307-1317. [PMID: 31079353 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-01053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of miR-217 and HIF-1α/VEGF pathway in patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and its effect on angiogenesis in DFU rats. METHODS The serum levels of miR-217, HIF-1α and VEGF were detected in DFU and simple diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, and healthy controls. DFU rat models were established and treated with miR-217 inhibitors and/or HIF-1α siRNA. The ulcer healing of DFU rats was observed. Besides, ELISA method was performed to detect the serum level of HIF-1α, VEGF and inflammatory factors, immunohistochemical (IHC) method to test the micro-vessel density (MVD), as well as qRT-PCR and Western blot to determine expressions of miR-217, HIF-1α, VEGF, VEGFR2, eNOS, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in tissues. RESULTS The serum levels of miR-217 were up-regulated while HIF-1α and VEGF were down-regulated in DFU patients and rats when compared with DM and healthy controls (all P < 0.05). Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that HIF-1α was the direct target gene of miR-217. DFU rats treated with miR-217 inhibitors had decreased foot ulcer area and accelerated ulcer healing, with significantly reduced inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6), as well as elevated HIF-1α and VEGF (all P < 0.05); meanwhile, they remarkably increased the MVD in foot dorsum wound tissues and the protein expressions of HIF-1α, VEGF, VEGFR2, eNOS, MMP-2, and MMP-9 (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Inhibiting miR-217 could up-regulate HIF-1α/VEGF pathway to promote angiogenesis and ameliorate inflammation of DFU rats, thereby effectively advancing the healing of ulcerated area.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-J Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57, Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Y-M Lan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57, Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - M-Q Ou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57, Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - L-Q Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57, Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - S-D Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57, Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Cao MX, Tang YL, Zhang WL, Tang YJ, Liang XH. Non-coding RNAs as Regulators of Lymphangiogenesis in Lymphatic Development, Inflammation, and Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2019; 9:916. [PMID: 31616631 PMCID: PMC6763613 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which do not encode proteins, have pivotal roles in manipulating gene expression in development, physiology, and pathology. Emerging data have shown that ncRNAs can regulate lymphangiogenesis, which refers to lymphatics deriving from preexisting vessels, becomes established during embryogenesis, and has a close relationship with pathological conditions such as lymphatic developmental diseases, inflammation, and cancer. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis in lymphatic development, inflammation and cancer metastasis, and discusses ncRNAs' regulatory effects on them. Therapeutic targets with regard to lymphangiogenesis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Long Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Lechner J, Hombrebueno JR, Pedrini E, Chen M, Xu H. Sustained intraocular vascular endothelial growth factor neutralisation does not affect retinal and choroidal vasculature in Ins2 Akita diabetic mice. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2019; 16:440-449. [PMID: 31023085 DOI: 10.1177/1479164119843092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to understand the influence of sustained intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor neutralisation on the retinal and choroidal vasculature in diabetic eyes. Ins2Akita diabetic mice received five intravitreal injections of anti-mouse vascular endothelial growth factor antibody or goat immunoglobulin G (0.2 µg/µL/eye) over a 4-month period. Retinal and choroidal vascular changes were analysed by confocal microscopy of tissue flat-mounts. Retinal gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor family members (vascular endothelial growth factors A, B, C and D), vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (sVEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2) and tight junctions (claudin 1, 2, 5; occludin and zonula occludens-1) were analysed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Vascular endothelial growth factor A and claudin 5 were significantly increased in diabetic retinae. Gene expression was unaffected by anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment. The number of acellular vessels was increased in diabetic retinae and reduced following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment. Retinal and choroidal vascular density and area were unaffected by sustained vascular endothelial growth factor neutralisation. Our results suggest that five consecutive intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections do not cause significant vascular changes in the retina and choroid in diabetic and non-diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lechner
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jose R Hombrebueno
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Edoardo Pedrini
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Mei Chen
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Heping Xu
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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50
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He X, Ding Y, Xie W, Sun R, Hunt NC, Song J, Sun X, Peng C, Zeng Q, Tan Y, Liu Y. Rubidium-Containing Calcium Alginate Hydrogel for Antibacterial and Diabetic Skin Wound Healing Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4726-4738. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yufang Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Nicola Claire Hunt
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, U.K
| | - Jian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Sun
- A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park 20742, Maryland, United States
| | - Chen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Qinghai Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
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