1
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Lacey N, Teo JYQ, Baird R, Forde L, Hawkins P, McEnery T, Lee MQ, Hoo MCS, Gogoi D, Reeves EP. Augmentation Therapy Decreases Platelet-Neutrophil Aggregates in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:524-527. [PMID: 38819125 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0417le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Lacey
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Rory Baird
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luke Forde
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Tom McEnery
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
| | - Melvin Q Lee
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Emer P Reeves
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
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2
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García-Culebras A, Cuartero MI, Peña-Martínez C, Moraga A, Vázquez-Reyes S, de Castro-Millán FJ, Cortes-Canteli M, Lizasoain I, Moro MÁ. Myeloid cells in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease: Possible therapeutic targets? Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:777-798. [PMID: 37282844 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence supports the suggestion that the peripheral immune system plays a role in different pathologies associated with cognitive impairment, such as vascular dementia (VD) or Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this review is to summarize, within the peripheral immune system, the implications of different types of myeloid cells in AD and VD, with a special focus on post-stroke cognitive impairment and dementia (PSCID). We will review the contributions of the myeloid lineage, from peripheral cells (neutrophils, platelets, monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages) to central nervous system (CNS)-associated cells (perivascular macrophages and microglia). Finally, we will evaluate different potential strategies for pharmacological modulation of pathological processes mediated by myeloid cell subsets, with an emphasis on neutrophils, their interaction with platelets and the process of immunothrombosis that triggers neutrophil-dependent capillary stall and hypoperfusion, as possible effector mechanisms that may pave the way to novel therapeutic avenues to stop dementia, the epidemic of our time. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue From Alzheimer's Disease to Vascular Dementia: Different Roads Leading to Cognitive Decline. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia García-Culebras
- Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, UCM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Cuartero
- Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Peña-Martínez
- Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Moraga
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, UCM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, UCM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Vázquez-Reyes
- Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier de Castro-Millán
- Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Cortes-Canteli
- Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Lizasoain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, UCM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Moro
- Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, UCM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
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3
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Laera N, Malerba P, Vacanti G, Nardin S, Pagnesi M, Nardin M. Impact of Immunity on Coronary Artery Disease: An Updated Pathogenic Interplay and Potential Therapeutic Strategies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2128. [PMID: 38004268 PMCID: PMC10672143 DOI: 10.3390/life13112128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. It is a result of the buildup of atherosclerosis within the coronary arteries. The role of the immune system in CAD is complex and multifaceted. The immune system responds to damage or injury to the arterial walls by initiating an inflammatory response. However, this inflammatory response can become chronic and lead to plaque formation. Neutrophiles, macrophages, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NKT cells play a key role in immunity response, both with proatherogenic and antiatherogenic signaling pathways. Recent findings provide new roles and activities referring to endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, which help to clarify the intricate signaling crosstalk between the involved actors. Research is ongoing to explore immunomodulatory therapies that target the immune system to reduce inflammation and its contribution to atherosclerosis. This review aims to summarize the pathogenic interplay between immunity and CAD and the potential therapeutic strategies, and explore immunomodulatory therapies that target the immune system to reduce inflammation and its contribution to atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Laera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
- Second Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Malerba
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
- Division of Medicine, Department of Medicine, ASST Spedali Civili di Montichiari, 25018 Montichiari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Vacanti
- Medical Clinic IV, Department of Cardiology, Municipal Hospital, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Simone Nardin
- U.O. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo Pagnesi
- Division of Cardiology, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Matteo Nardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy;
- Third Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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4
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Cao W, Fan D. Neutrophils: a subgroup of neglected immune cells in ALS. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1246768. [PMID: 37662922 PMCID: PMC10468589 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1246768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of motor neurons. Dysregulated peripheral immunity has been identified as a hallmark of ALS. Neutrophils, as the front-line responders of innate immunity, contribute to host defense through pathogen clearance. However, they can concurrently play a detrimental role in chronic inflammation. With the unveiling of novel functions of neutrophils in neurodegenerative diseases, it becomes essential to review our current understanding of neutrophils and to recognize the gap in our knowledge about their role in ALS. Thus, a detailed comprehension of the biological processes underlying neutrophil-induced pathogenesis in ALS may assist in identifying potential cell-based therapeutic strategies to delay disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Cao
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Xiong J, Wang Z, Bai J, Cheng K, Liu Q, Ni J. Calcitonin gene-related peptide: a potential protective agent in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1184766. [PMID: 37529236 PMCID: PMC10387546 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1184766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular disease with high disability and mortality rates, which severely burdens patients, their families, and society. At present, thrombolytic therapy is mainly used for the treatment of ischemic strokes. Even though it can achieve a good effect, thrombolytic recanalization can cause reperfusion injury. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a neuropeptide that plays a neuroprotective role in the process of ischemia-reperfusion injury. By combining with its specific receptors, CGRP can induce vasodilation of local cerebral ischemia by directly activating the cAMP-PKA pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells and by indirectly activating the NO-cGMP pathway in an endothelial cell-dependent manner,thus rapidly increasing ischemic local blood flow together with reperfusion. CGRP, as a key effector molecule of neurogenic inflammation, can reduce the activation of microglia, downregulates Th1 classical inflammation, and reduce the production of TNF-α, IL-2, and IFN-γ and the innate immune response of macrophages, leading to the reduction of inflammatory factors. CGRP can reduce the overexpression of the aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) protein and its mRNA in the cerebral ischemic junction, and play a role in reducing cerebral edema. CGRP can protect endothelial cells from angiotensin II by reducing the production of oxidants and protecting antioxidant defense. Furthermore, CGRP-upregulated eNOS can further induce VEGF expression, which then promotes the survival and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells. CGRP can also reduce apoptosis by promoting the expression of Bcl-2 and inhibiting the expression of caspase-3. These effects suggest that CGRP can reduce brain injury and repair damaged nerve function. In this review, we focused on the role of CGRP in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiong
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junhui Bai
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Keling Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qicai Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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6
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Man Y, Kucukal E, Liu S, An R, Goreke U, Wulftange WJ, Sekyonda Z, Bode A, Little JA, Manwani D, Stavrou EX, Gurkan UA. A microfluidic device for assessment of E-selectin-mediated neutrophil recruitment to inflamed endothelium and prediction of therapeutic response in sickle cell disease. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114921. [PMID: 36521205 PMCID: PMC9850363 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil recruitment to the inflamed endothelium is a multistep process and is of utmost importance in the development of the hallmark vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease (SCD). However, there lacks a standardized, clinically feasible approach for assessing neutrophil recruitment to the inflamed endothelium for individualized risk stratification and therapeutic response prediction in SCD. Here, we describe a microfluidic device functionalized with E-selectin, a critical endothelial receptor for the neutrophil recruitment process, as a strategy to assess neutrophil binding under physiologic flow in normoxia and clinically relevant hypoxia in SCD. We show that hypoxia significantly enhances neutrophil binding to E-selectin and promotes the formation of neutrophil-platelet aggregates. Moreover, we identified two distinct patient populations: a more severe clinical phenotype with elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels and absolute reticulocyte counts but lowered fetal hemoglobin levels associated with constitutively less neutrophil binding to E-selectin. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the extent of neutrophil activation correlates with membrane L-selectin shedding, resulting in the loss of ligand interaction sites with E-selectin. We also show that inhibition of E-selectin significantly reduces leukocyte recruitment to activated endothelial cells. Our findings add mechanistic insight into neutrophil-endothelial interactions under hypoxia and provide a clinically feasible means for assessing neutrophil binding to E-selectin using clinical whole blood samples, which can help guide therapeutic decisions for SCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncheng Man
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Erdem Kucukal
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shichen Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ran An
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Utku Goreke
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - William J Wulftange
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zoe Sekyonda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Allison Bode
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jane A Little
- Department of Hematology, UNC Blood Research Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Deepa Manwani
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Evi X Stavrou
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA; Medicine Service, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Umut A Gurkan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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7
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Chen M, Qi Z, Meng X, Wang S, Zheng X, Hu M, Liu X, Song Y, Deng Y. Blockade of neutrophil recruitment to tumor sites based on sialic acid-modified nanoplatforms enhances the efficacy of checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100784. [PMID: 36968653 PMCID: PMC10034569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint inhibitors are designed to rejuvenate depleted or suppressed T cells in the tumor microenvironment, relying on the immune system to control and kill tumors. However, accumulating evidence indicates that tumor-infiltrating neutrophils impede the proliferation and activation of T cells and determine the resistance to checkpoint blockade and chemotherapy. In this study, sialic acid ligand-modified colchicine derivative phospholipid complexes specifically targeted tumor-associated neutrophils in the peripheral blood, blocked neutrophil accumulation in tumors, and attenuated the inhibitory effect of infiltrating neutrophils on T cells. Neutrophil blocking therapy enhanced the immunotherapy effect of the PD-L1 antibody in S180 advanced tumors and 4T1 breast cancer. Our study found that PD-L1 antibody monotherapy increased the tumor infiltration of immunosuppressive neutrophils. Combination therapy with neutrophil blocking can greatly reduce tumor-infiltrating neutrophils and increase the proliferation of cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes in the tumor. The combination therapy significantly improved the survival rate of mice with advanced S180 tumors and increased the sensitivity of immune checkpoint inhibitors to 4T1 cold tumors.
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Li J, Sun K, Dai W, Leng H, Feng J. Divergence in interspecific and intersubspecific gene expression between two closely related horseshoe bats ( Rhinolophus). J Mammal 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Closely related species have been used as representative systems to investigate the genetic mechanisms involved in the early stages of species differentiation. Previous studies have indicated that variation in gene expression might be a sensitive indicator of initial species divergence, although the role of expression divergence, and especially that associated with phenotypic variation remained relatively undefined. For three organs (cochlea, brain, and liver) from two closely related bat species (Rhinolophus siamensis and R. episcopus), the interspecific and intersubspecific gene expression profiles were compared using transcriptomics in this study. Striking organ specificity of expression was observed, and expression profiles exhibited similarities between cochlea and brain tissues. Numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified for each organ in the interspecific comparison (cochlea/brain/liver: 1,069/647/692) and intersubspecific comparison (608/528/368). Functional enrichment analysis indicated vital variation in expression related to the immune system, ion activities, neuronal function, and multisensory system regulation in both comparisons. DEGs relevant to the variation in echolocation calls (RF) were found, and some of them were involved in the pivotal patterns of expression variation. The regulation of immune, ion channel, neural activity, and sophisticated sensory functions at the expression level might be key mechanisms in the early species divergence of bats, and the expression variation related to acoustical signal could have played a crucial part. This study expands our knowledge of gene expression and patterns of variation for three key organs to echolocation at both the interspecific and intersubspecific levels. Further, the framework described here provides insight into the genetic basis of phenotypic variation during the incipient stage of species differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University , Changchun 130117 , China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education , Changchun 130024 , China
| | - Keping Sun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University , Changchun 130117 , China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education , Changchun 130024 , China
| | - Wentao Dai
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University , Changchun 130117 , China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education , Changchun 130024 , China
| | - Haixia Leng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University , Changchun 130117 , China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education , Changchun 130024 , China
| | - Jiang Feng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University , Changchun 130117 , China
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
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Li Y, Huang Q, Fang M, Liu M, Guo J, Wang Z. Prognostic value of serum levels of multiple adhesion factors in patients with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Int Urol Nephrol 2022; 55:1229-1237. [PMID: 36333626 PMCID: PMC10105682 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03394-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Urine output and serum creatinine (SCr) levels are the criteria for diagnosing AKI. However, the application of these levels in the diagnosis of AKI has limitations.
Objective
To detect the expression of various adhesion factors in different stages of AKI as defined by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) and to analyse their relationship with the prognosis of patients with sepsis-induced AKI (S-AKI).
Methods
Adult patients with sepsis who were admitted to the hospital between June 2019 and May 2020 were included. Of 90 adult patients with sepsis, 58 had S-AKI. Sixty-seven subjects without sepsis were used as controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to measure E-selectin (CD62E), L-selectin (CD62L), P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and their relationship with the prognosis of patients with S-AKI patients was analysed. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to analyse the predictive value of different adhesion factors on renal resistance index and renal function recovery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with renal recovery.
Results
The expression of CD62L was significantly higher in S-AKI patients than in non-AKI patients with sepsis. Compared with the non-AKI group, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were significantly higher in the AKI group than in the non-AKI group (P < 0.05). Mean blood pressure, SCr levels and procalcitonin levels were higher in the AKI group than in the non-AKI group (P < 0.05 for all). The CD62L levels decreased with increasing S-AKI stage. The CD62E levels were highest in S-AKI stage 2, and the VCAM-1 levels were highest in S-AKI stage 3. All patients with S-AKI were followed up with for 28 days. The results found that VCAM-1 was the best predictor of renal recovery in patients with S-AKI.
Conclusion
CD62L is an indicator of S-AKI stage1, and CD62E is an indicator of S-AKI stage 2. In addition, VCAM-I demonstrated satisfactory performance in predicting early recovery of renal function in patients with S-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Hospital of HeBei Medical University, The 139rd of ZiQiang Road, ShiJiaZhuang, 050051, China
| | - Qingsheng Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Hospital of HeBei Medical University, The 139rd of ZiQiang Road, ShiJiaZhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Mingxing Fang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Hospital of HeBei Medical University, The 139rd of ZiQiang Road, ShiJiaZhuang, 050051, China
| | - Mengyao Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Hospital of HeBei Medical University, The 139rd of ZiQiang Road, ShiJiaZhuang, 050051, China
| | - Jianying Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Hospital of HeBei Medical University, The 139rd of ZiQiang Road, ShiJiaZhuang, 050051, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Hospital of HeBei Medical University, The 139rd of ZiQiang Road, ShiJiaZhuang, 050051, China.
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10
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Macrophage Phenotypes in Normal and Diabetic Wound Healing and Therapeutic Interventions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152430. [PMID: 35954275 PMCID: PMC9367932 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage differentiation and polarization are essential players in the success of the wound-healing process. Acute simple wounds progress from inflammation to proliferation/regeneration and, finally, to remodeling. In injured skin, macrophages either reside in the epithelium or are recruited from monocytes. Their main role is supported by their plasticity, which allows them to adopt different phenotypic states, such as the M1-inflammatory state, in which they produce TNF and NO, and the M2-reparative state, in which they resolve inflammation and exhibit a reparative function. Reparative macrophages are an essential source of growth factors such as TGF-β and VEGF and are not found in nonhealing wounds. This review discusses the differences between macrophage phenotypes in vitro and in vivo, how macrophages originate, and how they cross-communicate with other cellular components in a wound. This review also highlights the dysregulation of macrophages that occurs in nonhealing versus overhealing wounds and fibrosis. Then, the therapeutic manipulation of macrophages is presented as an attractive strategy for promoting healing through the secretion of growth factors for angiogenesis, keratinocyte migration, and collagen production. Finally, Hoxa3 overexpression is discussed as an example of the therapeutic repolarization of macrophages to the normal maturation state and phenotype with better healing outcomes.
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Irwandi RA, Chiesa ST, Hajishengallis G, Papayannopoulos V, Deanfield JE, D’Aiuto F. The Roles of Neutrophils Linking Periodontitis and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:915081. [PMID: 35874771 PMCID: PMC9300828 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a crucial role in the onset and development of atherosclerosis. Periodontitis is a common chronic disease linked to other chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The mechanistic pathways underlying this association are yet to be fully understood. This critical review aims at discuss the role of neutrophils in mediating the relationship between periodontitis and ASCVD. Systemic inflammation triggered by periodontitis could lead to adaptations in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) resulting in trained granulopoiesis in the bone marrow, thereby increasing the production of neutrophils and driving the hyper-responsiveness of these abundant innate-immune cells. These alterations may contribute to the onset, progression, and complications of atherosclerosis. Despite the emerging evidence suggesting that the treatment of periodontitis improves surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease, the resolution of periodontitis may not necessarily reverse neutrophil hyper-responsiveness since the hyper-inflammatory re-programming of granulopoiesis can persist long after the inflammatory inducers are removed. Novel and targeted approaches to manipulate neutrophil numbers and functions are warranted within the context of the treatment of periodontitis and also to mitigate its potential impact on ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizky A. Irwandi
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Scott T. Chiesa
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity & Inflammation, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - John E. Deanfield
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco D’Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Francesco D’Aiuto,
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12
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Inoue R, Nishi H, Osaka M, Yoshida M, Nangaku M. Neutrophil Protein Kinase R Mediates Endothelial Adhesion and Migration by the Promotion of Neutrophil Actin Polymerization. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:2173-2183. [PMID: 35396220 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils protect against bacterial and fungal infections, but tight regulation of cell activation is essential for avoiding tissue damage in autoimmune disorders. Protein kinase R (PKR) is a serine/threonine kinase originally characterized by its role in the defense mechanisms against viral infection. Although PKR is involved in the signaling pathways of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders, its function in neutrophils is not well delineated. In this study, we demonstrate that human neutrophil PKR mediates adhesion to endothelial cells under physiological flow conditions but does not mediate rolling on those cells. Also, neutrophil PKR activation contributes to migration toward chemoattractants. Mechanistically, neutrophil PKR mediates the cell spreading and binding to ICAM-1 in static condition. Moreover, Ab microarray reveals that calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II is phosphorylated downstream of PKR and affects actin polymerization that is a cytoskeleton rearrangement indispensable for neutrophil migration induced by fMLF. In vivo, neutrophil recruitment into the dorsal air pouch of mice is reduced by PKR inhibitor treatment. Also, in mice with nephrotoxic serum nephritis, the compound treatment suppresses neutrophil accumulation in kidney glomerulus and subsequent development of albuminuria. Thus, in vascular inflammation, neutrophil PKR plays a critical role in the recruitment process, including endothelial adhesion and migration via leukocyte actin polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Inoue
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Hiroshi Nishi
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Mizuko Osaka
- Department of Life Science and Bioethics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yoshida
- Department of Life Science and Bioethics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
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13
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Chen M, Wu W, Wang S, Lai X, Liu M, Sun Y, Liu X, Li G, Song Y, Bao C, Li X, Chen G, Deng Y. Neutrophils as emerging immunotherapeutic targets: Indirect treatment of tumors by regulating the tumor immune environment based on a sialic acid derivative-modified nanocomplex platform. Int J Pharm 2022; 620:121684. [PMID: 35314280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells are dependent on their microenvironment; thus, targeting the non-cancerous components surrounding the tumor may be beneficial. Neutrophils are important inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment that significantly affect tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and immune regulation. Targeted regulation of tumor-associated neutrophil-related pathways is expected to become a new therapeutic approach. Colchicine compounds are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that strongly inhibit the chemotaxis of neutrophils to the inflammatory site. We attempted to achieve anticancer effects by utilizing its ability to inhibit neutrophil recruitment rather than killing tumor cells. As such drugs are likely to cause non-specific damages due to the lack of selectivity, we synthesized and used sialic acid and cholesterol derivatives (SA-CH) for surface modification of the newly synthesized low-toxic colchicine derivative (BCS) nanocomposite to improve neutrophil targeting. In vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that SA-CH-modified BCS preparations are effectively absorbed by neutrophils, inhibit cell migration, reduce infiltration of tumor-associated neutrophils, enhance T lymphocyte function, and exhibit good anti-S180 early tumor effect. In addition, in a triple-negative breast cancer model, the agent could strongly inhibit tumor metastasis to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Wenjing Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxue Lai
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Mengyang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Yiming Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Xinrong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Gang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Yanzhi Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Changshun Bao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xiaohu Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yihui Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
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14
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Mitselou A, Grammeniatis V, Varouktsi A, Papadatos SS, Klaroudas A, Katsanos K, Galani V. Immunohistochemical Study of Adhesion Molecules in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Comparison to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Adv Biomed Res 2021; 10:21. [PMID: 34703800 PMCID: PMC8495298 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_2_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The surface of endothelial cells is covered with cell adhesion molecules including E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) that mediate the adhesion and extravasation of leukocytes and play a pivotal role in inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of expression of adhesion molecules in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients, and normal colonic mucosa. Materials and Methods: IBS and IBD patients along with normal colonic mucosa were recruited in the study. In all groups, two biopsies were taken from each of the three anatomical sites (terminal ileum, cecum, and rectum). Three monoclonal antibodies, E-selectin mAb, VCAM-1 mAb, and ICAM-1 mAb, were applied for immunohistochemical analysis. Results: In IBD patients, the expression of intensity of E-selectin, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 was found decreased, at least in cecum and rectum, in comparison with IBS patients and controls (P < 0.001, P < 0.005, and P < 0.007, respectively). Comparison of the expression of intensity of the aforementioned molecules in IBS patients and controls revealed significant augmentation at the cecum and rectum of IBS patients. Conclusions: The expression of adhesion molecules appeared lower in IBD patients compared to IBS patients and controls. In addition, the expression of adhesion molecules appeared higher in IBS compared to the control group. Therefore, it could be hypothesized that the expression of adhesion molecules could be considered as an early event in the process of proinflammatory IBS group and may be other factors play a crucial role in the process of intestinal inflammation in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antigony Mitselou
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Anna Varouktsi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ippokratio Hospital, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Stamatis S Papadatos
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Klaroudas
- Department of Anatomy, Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Katsanos
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Galani
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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15
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Effah CY, Drokow EK, Agboyibor C, Ding L, He S, Liu S, Akorli SY, Nuamah E, Sun T, Zhou X, Liu H, Xu Z, Feng F, Wu Y, Zhang X. Neutrophil-Dependent Immunity During Pulmonary Infections and Inflammations. Front Immunol 2021; 12:689866. [PMID: 34737734 PMCID: PMC8560714 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.689866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid recruitment of neutrophils to an inflamed site is one of the hallmarks of an effective host defense mechanism. The main pathway through which this happens is by the innate immune response. Neutrophils, which play an important part in innate immune defense, migrate into lungs through the modulation actions of chemokines to execute a variety of pro-inflammatory functions. Despite the importance of chemokines in host immunity, little has been discussed on their roles in host immunity. A holistic understanding of neutrophil recruitment, pattern recognition pathways, the roles of chemokines and the pathophysiological roles of neutrophils in host immunity may allow for new approaches in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory disease of the lung. Herein, this review aims at highlighting some of the developments in lung neutrophil-immunity by focusing on the functions and roles of CXC/CC chemokines and pattern recognition receptors in neutrophil immunity during pulmonary inflammations. The pathophysiological roles of neutrophils in COVID-19 and thromboembolism have also been summarized. We finally summarized various neutrophil biomarkers that can be utilized as prognostic molecules in pulmonary inflammations and discussed various neutrophil-targeted therapies for neutrophil-driven pulmonary inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emmanuel Kwateng Drokow
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Clement Agboyibor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihua Ding
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sitian He
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Senyo Yao Akorli
- College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Nuamah
- College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Tongwen Sun
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Sisk LJ, Patel RK, Stevens KK. A descriptive analysis of non-human leukocyte antigens present in renal transplant donor-recipient pairs. Transpl Immunol 2021; 69:101474. [PMID: 34582968 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION End stage renal disease (ESRD) is the irreversible deterioration of renal function requiring renal replacement therapy by dialysis or transplant. Human leucocyte antigens (HLA) have been well examined however research still is required into the non-HLA antibodies. Antibody mediated rejection (AMR) can be seen in the absence of HLA antibodies on biopsies of patients who have received identical transplants; anti-endothelial cell antibodies may explain this. Investigation into endothelial cell antigens on donor and recipient endothelium may elucidate and stratify the degree of risk of any given transplant and may guide towards the best matched donor. METHODS Protein array analysis was carried out on 8 patient pairs using nitro-cellulose membranes and biotinylated detection antibodies. The fluorescence emitted was captured by X-Ray film and results were recorded with ImageJ software. A fold increase of more than 2 was considered to be positive. RESULTS 11 proteins identified had a fold increase of increase ≥2 and were present in ≥2 patient pairs which may point to potential clinical utility. Nectin2/CD112 may be measured in order analyse graft survival time in transplant recipients. Prognosticating renal failure has clinical importance and potential markers that have been identified to aid which include MEPE, CRELD2, and TIMP-4. Novel pharmacological therapies for specific biomarkers identified in this study include JAM-A, E-Selectin, CD147, Galectin-3, JAM-C, PAR-1, and TNFR2. CONCLUSION Protein analysis showed differences in expression of antigens between patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). This information could be used at the matching stage of renal transplantation and also in the treatment of rejection episodes. The results highlight biomarkers that potentially prognosticate and pharmacological therapies that may ameliorate kidney disease and rejection in ESRD and transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis J Sisk
- University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | - Rajan K Patel
- University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn K Stevens
- University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
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17
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Sreejit G, Johnson J, Jaggers RM, Dahdah A, Murphy AJ, Hanssen NMJ, Nagareddy PR. Neutrophils in cardiovascular disease: warmongers, peacemakers, or both? Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2596-2609. [PMID: 34534269 PMCID: PMC9890471 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant of all leucocytes and the first cells to arrive at the sites of sterile inflammation/injury act as a double-edged sword. On one hand, they inflict a significant collateral damage to the tissues and on the other hand, they help facilitate wound healing by a number of mechanisms. Recent studies have drastically changed the perception of neutrophils from being simple one-dimensional cells with an unrestrained mode of action to a cell type that display maturity and complex behaviour. It is now recognized that neutrophils are transcriptionally active and respond to plethora of signals by deploying a wide variety of cargo to influence the activity of other cells in the vicinity. Neutrophils can regulate macrophage behaviour, display innate immune memory, and play a major role in the resolution of inflammation in a context-dependent manner. In this review, we provide an update on the factors that regulate neutrophil production and the emerging dichotomous role of neutrophils in the context of cardiovascular diseases, particularly in atherosclerosis and the ensuing complications, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Deciphering the complex behaviour of neutrophils during inflammation and resolution may provide novel insights and in turn facilitate the development of potential therapeutic strategies to manage cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalkrishna Sreejit
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 473 W, 12th Ave, DHLRI 611A, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jillian Johnson
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 473 W, 12th Ave, DHLRI 611A, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Robert M Jaggers
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 473 W, 12th Ave, DHLRI 611A, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Albert Dahdah
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 473 W, 12th Ave, DHLRI 611A, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Nordin M J Hanssen
- Amsterdam Diabetes Centrum, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Location Academic Medical Centre Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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Burn GL, Foti A, Marsman G, Patel DF, Zychlinsky A. The Neutrophil. Immunity 2021; 54:1377-1391. [PMID: 34260886 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are immune cells with unusual biological features that furnish potent antimicrobial properties. These cells phagocytose and subsequently kill prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms very efficiently. Importantly, it is not only their ability to attack microbes within a constrained intracellular compartment that endows neutrophils with antimicrobial function. They can unleash their effectors into the extracellular space, where, even post-mortem, their killing machinery can endure and remain functional. The antimicrobial activity of neutrophils must not be misconstrued as being microbe specific and should be viewed more generally as biotoxic. Outside of fighting infections, neutrophils can harness their noxious machinery in other contexts, like cancer. Inappropriate or dysregulated neutrophil activation damages the host and contributes to autoimmune and inflammatory disease. Here we review a number of topics related to neutrophil biology based on contemporary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garth Lawrence Burn
- Department of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alessandro Foti
- Department of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerben Marsman
- Department of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dhiren Ferise Patel
- Department of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arturo Zychlinsky
- Department of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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19
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Inhibition of CXCR2 plays a pivotal role in re-sensitizing ovarian cancer to cisplatin treatment. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:13405-13420. [PMID: 34038868 PMCID: PMC8202899 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
cDNA microarray data conducted by our group revealed overexpression of CXCL2 and CXCL8 in ovarian cancer (OC) microenvironment. Herein, we have proven that the chemokine receptor, CXCR2, is a pivotal molecule in re-sensitizing OC to cisplatin, and its inhibition decreases cell proliferation, viability, tumor size in cisplatin-resistant cells, as well as reversed the overexpression of mesenchymal epithelium transition markers. Altogether, our study indicates a central effect of CXCR2 in preventing tumor progression, due to acquisition of cisplatin chemoresistant phenotype by tumor cells, and patients' high lethality rate. We found that the overexpression of CXCR2 by OC cells is persistent and anomalously confined to the cellular nuclei, thus pointing to an urge in developing highly lipophilic molecules that promptly permeate cells, bind to and inhibit nuclear CXCR2 to fight OC, instead of relying on the high-cost genetic engineered cells.
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20
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Munteanu AI, Manea AM, Jinca CM, Boia M. Basic biochemical and hematological parameters in perinatal asphyxia and their correlation with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:259. [PMID: 33603866 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) represents a major cause of neonatal death or long-term disability. Inflammation plays an important role in mediating brain damage induced by neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response in hypoxia and ischemia are complex and are still being extensively researched. The objective of this study was to determine the predictive value of peak lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and of the evolution of leukocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes in the first 96 h after birth for the grade of encephalopathy and neurodevelopmental outcome in newborns with HIE. In order to reveal this relationship we used comparisons between the above mention parameters. The observed hematological changes were nonspecific. The vast majority of the 78 newborns included in the study had PCT values above normal in the first 24 h, contrasting with CRP values that were positive in only 15.8% of the patients. A total of 76.9% of the patients had LDH values higher than the upper limit of normal values. The mean LDH values in patients with an unfavorable prognosis were 1,235 U/l. We can conclude that LDH is a good predictor of HIE in the first 12/24 h after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Ioan Munteanu
- Department of Puericulture and Neonatology, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara , Romania
| | - Aniko-Maria Manea
- Department of Puericulture and Neonatology, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara , Romania
| | - Cristian Marius Jinca
- Department of Pediatrics, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara , Romania
| | - Marioara Boia
- Department of Puericulture and Neonatology, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara , Romania
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21
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AhYoung AP, Eckard SC, Gogineni A, Xi H, Lin SJ, Gerhardy S, Cox C, Phung QT, Hackney JA, Katakam AK, Reichelt M, Caplazi P, Manzanillo P, Zhang J, Roose-Girma M, Tam LW, Newman RJ, Murthy A, Weimer RM, Lill JR, Lee WP, Grimbaldeston M, Kirchhofer D, van Lookeren Campagne M. Neutrophil serine protease 4 is required for mast cell-dependent vascular leakage. Commun Biol 2020; 3:687. [PMID: 33214666 PMCID: PMC7677402 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular leakage, or edema, is a serious complication of acute allergic reactions. Vascular leakage is triggered by the release of histamine and serotonin from granules within tissue-resident mast cells. Here, we show that expression of Neutrophil Serine Protease 4 (NSP4) during the early stages of mast cell development regulates mast cell-mediated vascular leakage. In myeloid precursors, the granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMPs), loss of NSP4 results in the decrease of cellular levels of histamine, serotonin and heparin/heparan sulfate. Mast cells that are derived from NSP4-deficient GMPs have abnormal secretory granule morphology and a sustained reduction in histamine and serotonin levels. Consequently, in passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and acute arthritis models, mast cell-mediated vascular leakage in the skin and joints is substantially reduced in NSP4-deficient mice. Our findings reveal that NSP4 is required for the proper storage of vasoactive amines in mast cell granules, which impacts mast cell-dependent vascular leakage in mouse models of immune complex-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P AhYoung
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Sterling C Eckard
- Department of Immunology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Alvin Gogineni
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Hongkang Xi
- Department of Immunology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - S Jack Lin
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Stefan Gerhardy
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Christian Cox
- Department of Immunology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Qui T Phung
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Jason A Hackney
- Department of Bioinformatics, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | | | - Mike Reichelt
- Department of Pathology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Patrick Caplazi
- Department of Pathology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Paolo Manzanillo
- Department of Immunology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
- Department of Inflammation and Oncology, Amgen Research, Amgen, 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Translational Immunology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Merone Roose-Girma
- Department of Molecular Biology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Lucinda W Tam
- Department of Molecular Biology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Robert J Newman
- Department of Molecular Biology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Aditya Murthy
- Department of Cancer Immunology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Robby M Weimer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Jennie R Lill
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Wyne P Lee
- Department of Translational Immunology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Michele Grimbaldeston
- OMNI-Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Daniel Kirchhofer
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| | - Menno van Lookeren Campagne
- Department of Immunology, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
- Department of Inflammation and Oncology, Amgen Research, Amgen, 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
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22
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Alhussien MN, Panda BSK, Kamboj A, Dang AK. Peripartum changes in the activity and expression of neutrophils may predispose to the postpartum occurrence of metritis in dairy cows. Res Vet Sci 2020; 135:456-468. [PMID: 33229058 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Metritis is a postpartum uterine pathology that causes a huge economic loss due to increased culling risk and impaired milk yield and reproduction in cows. The present study was carried out to study the changes in the activity and expression of blood neutrophils in crossbred dairy cows with and without metritis. Collection of blood samples was done at -3, -2 and - 1 weeks before calving, at calving and during the first day of metritis diagnosis in metritis group (n = 8) or at day 8-10 post calving in healthy group (n = 8). Neutrophils were studied for its percentage (microscopically), respiratory burst (nitro blue tetrazolium assay), myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentrations (sandwich ELISA) and expression of CXCR1, CXCR2, TLR2, TLR4, GRα, CD11b, CD14, CD25, CD44, CD47 and CD62L (RT-PCR). Immunocytochemistry was used to investigate MPO concentration and CD14 activity, and western blotting was used for estimating MPO. Although most of these parameters changed in the cows that developed metritis one week before calving, MPO and CD14 got altered much earlier. Myeloperoxidase concentrations and expression of CD14 were considerably lower starting from -2 weeks before calving in cows that developed metritis compared to healthy cows. Further studies are warranted to study the possible use of MPO and CD14 to identify transition cows more vulnerable to develop metritis several weeks before disease occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanned Naif Alhussien
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India.
| | - Bibhudatta S K Panda
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Aarti Kamboj
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Dang
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
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23
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O’Connor D, Pinto MV, Sheerin D, Tomic A, Drury RE, Channon‐Wells S, Galal U, Dold C, Robinson H, Kerridge S, Plested E, Hughes H, Stockdale L, Sadarangani M, Snape MD, Rollier CS, Levin M, Pollard AJ. Gene expression profiling reveals insights into infant immunological and febrile responses to group B meningococcal vaccine. Mol Syst Biol 2020; 16:e9888. [PMID: 33210468 PMCID: PMC7674973 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20209888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neisseria meningitidis is a major cause of meningitis and septicaemia. A MenB vaccine (4CMenB) was licensed by the European Medicines Agency in January 2013. Here we describe the blood transcriptome and proteome following infant immunisations with or without concomitant 4CMenB, to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying post-vaccination reactogenicity and immunogenicity. Infants were randomised to receive control immunisations (PCV13 and DTaP-IPV-Hib) with or without 4CMenB at 2 and 4 months of age. Blood gene expression and plasma proteins were measured prior to, then 4 h, 24 h, 3 days or 7 days post-vaccination. 4CMenB vaccination was associated with increased expression of ENTPD7 and increased concentrations of 4 plasma proteins: CRP, G-CSF, IL-1RA and IL-6. Post-vaccination fever was associated with increased expression of SELL, involved in neutrophil recruitment. A murine model dissecting the vaccine components found the concomitant regimen to be associated with increased gene perturbation compared with 4CMenB vaccine alone with enhancement of pathways such as interleukin-3, -5 and GM-CSF signalling. Finally, we present transcriptomic profiles predictive of immunological and febrile responses following 4CMenB vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel O’Connor
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Marta Valente Pinto
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Dylan Sheerin
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Adriana Tomic
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
- Institute of Immunity, Transplantation and InfectionStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - Ruth E Drury
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Samuel Channon‐Wells
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Ushma Galal
- Nuffield Department of Primary Health CareClinical Trials UnitUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Christina Dold
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Hannah Robinson
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Simon Kerridge
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Emma Plested
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Harri Hughes
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Lisa Stockdale
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | | | - Matthew D Snape
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Christine S Rollier
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Michael Levin
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Andrew J Pollard
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
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24
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Subramanian BC, Melis N, Chen D, Wang W, Gallardo D, Weigert R, Parent CA. The LTB4-BLT1 axis regulates actomyosin and β2-integrin dynamics during neutrophil extravasation. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201910215. [PMID: 32854115 PMCID: PMC7659729 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201910215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The eicosanoid leukotriene B4 (LTB4) relays chemotactic signals to direct neutrophil migration to inflamed sites through its receptor BLT1. However, the mechanisms by which the LTB4-BLT1 axis relays chemotactic signals during intravascular neutrophil response to inflammation remain unclear. Here, we report that LTB4 produced by neutrophils acts as an autocrine/paracrine signal to direct the vascular recruitment, arrest, and extravasation of neutrophils in a sterile inflammation model in the mouse footpad. Using intravital subcellular microscopy, we reveal that LTB4 elicits sustained cell polarization and adhesion responses during neutrophil arrest in vivo. Specifically, LTB4 signaling coordinates the dynamic redistribution of non-muscle myosin IIA and β2-integrin, which facilitate neutrophil arrest and extravasation. Notably, we also found that neutrophils shed extracellular vesicles in the vascular lumen and that inhibition of extracellular vesicle release blocks LTB4-mediated autocrine/paracrine signaling required for neutrophil arrest and extravasation. Overall, we uncover a novel complementary mechanism by which LTB4 relays extravasation signals in neutrophils during early inflammation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagawat C. Subramanian
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nicolas Melis
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Desu Chen
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Weiye Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Devorah Gallardo
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Roberto Weigert
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Carole A. Parent
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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25
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Laing RW, Stubblefield S, Wallace L, Roobrouck VD, Bhogal RH, Schlegel A, Boteon YL, Reynolds GM, Ting AE, Mirza DF, Newsome PN, Mergental H, Afford SC. The Delivery of Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells to Extended Criteria Human Donor Livers Using Normothermic Machine Perfusion. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1226. [PMID: 32714318 PMCID: PMC7344318 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pre-clinical research with multi-potent adult progenitor cells (MAPC® cells, Multistem, Athersys Inc., Cleveland, Ohio) suggests their potential as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory therapy in organ transplantation. Normothermic machine perfusion of the liver (NMP-L) has been proposed as a way of introducing therapeutic agents into the donor organ. Delivery of cellular therapy to human donor livers using this technique has not yet been described in the literature. The primary objectives of this study were to develop a technique for delivering cellular therapy to human donor livers using NMP-L and demonstrate engraftment. Methods: Six discarded human livers were perfused for 6 h at 37°C using the Liver Assist (Organ Assist, Groningen). 50 × 106 CMPTX-labeled MAPC cells were infused directly into the right lobe via the hepatic artery (HA, n = 3) or portal vein (PV, n = 3) over 20 min at different time points during the perfusion. Perfusion parameters were recorded and central and peripheral biopsies were taken at multiple time-points from both lobes and subjected to standard histological stains and confocal microscopy. Perfusate was analyzed using a 35-plex multiplex assay and proteomic analysis. Results: There was no detrimental effect on perfusion flow parameters on infusion of MAPC cells by either route. Three out of six livers met established criteria for organ viability. Confocal microscopy demonstrated engraftment of MAPC cells across vascular endothelium when perfused via the artery. 35-plex multiplex analysis of perfusate yielded 13 positive targets, 9 of which appeared to be related to the infusion of MAPC cells (including Interleukin's 1b, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, MCP-1, GM-CSF, SDF-1a). Proteomic analysis revealed 295 unique proteins in the perfusate from time-points following the infusion of cellular therapy, many of which have strong links to MAPC cells and mesenchymal stem cells in the literature. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated their immunomodulatory potential. Conclusion: We have demonstrated that cells can be delivered directly to the target organ, prior to host immune cell population exposure and without compromising the perfusion. Transendothelial migration occurs following arterial infusion. MAPC cells appear to secrete a host of soluble factors that would have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory benefits in a human model of liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Laing
- NIHR Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Liver Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lorraine Wallace
- NIHR Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Liver Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ricky H Bhogal
- NIHR Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Liver Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Schlegel
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yuri L Boteon
- NIHR Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Liver Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gary M Reynolds
- NIHR Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Liver Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Darius F Mirza
- NIHR Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Liver Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Philip N Newsome
- NIHR Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Liver Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hynek Mergental
- NIHR Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Liver Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon C Afford
- NIHR Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Liver Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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26
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Hao L, Marshall AJ, Liu L. Bam32/DAPP1-Dependent Neutrophil Reactive Oxygen Species in WKYMVm-Induced Microvascular Hyperpermeability. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1028. [PMID: 32536926 PMCID: PMC7267069 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
B cell adaptor molecule of 32 kDa (Bam32), known as dual adapter for phosphotyrosine and 3-phosphoinositides 1 (DAPP1), has been implicated in regulating lymphocyte proliferation and recruitment during inflammation. However, its role in neutrophils during inflammation remains unknown. Using intravital microscopy, we examined the role of Bam32 in formyl peptide receptor agonist WKYMVm-induced permeability changes in post-capillary venules and assessed simultaneously neutrophil adhesion and emigration in cremaster muscles of Bam32-deficient (Bam32−/−) and wild-type (WT) control mice. We observed significantly reduced WKYMVm-induced microvascular hyperpermeability accompanied by markedly decreased neutrophil emigration in Bam32−/− mice. The Bam32-specific decrease in WKYMVm-induced hyperpermeability was neutrophil-dependent as this was verified in bone marrow transplanted chimeric mice. We discovered that Bam32 was critically required for WKYMVm-induced intracellular and extracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neutrophils. Pharmacological scavenging of ROS eliminated the differences in WKYMVm-induced hyperpermeability between Bam32−/− and WT mice. Deficiency of Bam32 decreased WKYMVm-induced ERK1/2 but not p38 or JNK phosphorylation in neutrophils. Inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling cascade suppressed WKYMVm-induced ROS generation in WT neutrophils and microvascular hyperpermeability in WT mice. In conclusion, our study reveals that Bam32-dependent, ERK1/2-involving ROS generation in neutrophils is critical in WKYMVm-induced microvascular hyperpermeability during neutrophil recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hao
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Aaron J Marshall
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Lixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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27
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Rossi B, Constantin G, Zenaro E. The emerging role of neutrophils in neurodegeneration. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Martinez-Sanchez J, Hamelmann H, Palomo M, Mir E, Moreno-Castaño AB, Torramade S, Rovira M, Escolar G, Cordes S, Kalupa M, Mertlitz S, Riesner K, Carreras E, Penack O, Diaz-Ricart M. Acute Graft-vs.-Host Disease-Associated Endothelial Activation in vitro Is Prevented by Defibrotide. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2339. [PMID: 31649666 PMCID: PMC6794443 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and endothelial activation and dysfunction have been associated with acute graft-vs.-host disease (aGVHD), pointing to the endothelium as a potential target for pharmacological intervention. Defibrotide (DF) is a drug with an endothelium-protective effect that has been approved for the treatment of veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Clinical data suggest that DF also reduces the incidence of aGVHD; however, the mechanisms of DF-mediated aGVHD regulation have not been examined. To investigate possible DF-mediated prophylactic and therapeutic mechanisms in aGVHD, we performed in vitro studies using endothelial cell (EC) lines. We found that DF significantly and dose-dependently suppressed EC proliferation and notably reduced their ability to form vascular tubes in Matrigel. To explore whether DF administered prophylactically or therapeutically has a significant effect on aGVHD endothelial dysfunction, ECs were exposed to media containing sera from patients with aGVHD (n = 22) in the absence or presence of DF and from patients that did not develop aGVHD (n = 13). ECs upregulated adhesion molecules (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1), the adherence junction protein VE-cadherin, von Willebrand factor (VWF), and Akt phosphorylation in response to aGVHD sera. These responses were suppressed upon treatment with DF. In summary, DF inhibits vascular angiogenesis and endothelial activation induced by sera from aGVHD patients. Our results support the view that DF has notable positive effects on endothelial biology during aGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Martinez-Sanchez
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Hematopathology, Biomedical Diagnosis Center (CDB), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Endothelium Team, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hannah Hamelmann
- Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology Department, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marta Palomo
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Hematopathology, Biomedical Diagnosis Center (CDB), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Endothelium Team, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Mir
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Hematopathology, Biomedical Diagnosis Center (CDB), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Endothelium Team, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Belen Moreno-Castaño
- Department of Hematopathology, Biomedical Diagnosis Center (CDB), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Torramade
- Department of Hematopathology, Biomedical Diagnosis Center (CDB), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Rovira
- Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ginés Escolar
- Department of Hematopathology, Biomedical Diagnosis Center (CDB), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Steffen Cordes
- Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology Department, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Kalupa
- Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology Department, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Mertlitz
- Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology Department, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katarina Riesner
- Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology Department, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enric Carreras
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Endothelium Team, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olaf Penack
- Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology Department, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maribel Diaz-Ricart
- Department of Hematopathology, Biomedical Diagnosis Center (CDB), Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Endothelium Team, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Borkum JM. CGRP and Brain Functioning: Cautions for Migraine Treatment. Headache 2019; 59:1339-1357. [DOI: 10.1111/head.13591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. Borkum
- Department of Psychology University of Maine Orono ME USA
- Health Psych Maine Waterville ME USA
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30
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Hao L, Lei X, Zhou H, Marshall AJ, Liu L. Critical role for PI3Kγ-dependent neutrophil reactive oxygen species in WKYMVm-induced microvascular hyperpermeability. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:1117-1127. [PMID: 31216371 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0518-184rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PI3K has been indicated in regulating microvascular permeability changes during inflammation. However, its role in neutrophil-driven microvascular leakage in acute inflammation remains unclear. Using intravital microscopy in mice, we examined the role of PI3Kγ and PI3Kδ in formyl peptide WKYMVm- and chemokine CXCL2-induced permeability changes and assessed simultaneously neutrophil adhesion and emigration in post-capillary venules of murine cremaster muscle. We found a PI3Kγ-specific mechanism in WKYMVm-induced but not CXCL2-induced microvascular hyperpermeability. The increased microvascular permeability triggered by WKYMVm was not entirely due to neutrophil adhesion and emigration in cremasteric microvasculature in different PI3K transgenic mouse strains. The PI3Kγ-specific hyperpermeability was neutrophil-mediated as this was reduced after depletion of neutrophils in mouse circulation. Chimeric mice with PI3Kγ-deficient neutrophils but wild-type endothelium also showed reduced hyperpermeability. Furthermore, we found that the catalytic function of PI3Kγ was required for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in neutrophils stimulated with WKYMVm. Pharmacological scavenging PI3Kγ-dependent ROS in the tissue eliminated the discrepancy in hyperpermeability between different PI3K transgenic mice and alleviated WKYMVm-induced microvascular leakage in all mouse strains tested. In conclusion, our study uncovers the critical role for PI3Kγ-dependent ROS generation by neutrophils in formyl peptide-induced microvascular hyperpermeability during neutrophil recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hao
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Xi Lei
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aaron J Marshall
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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31
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Abstract
In addition to their well-known role as the cellular mediators of immunity, key other roles have been identified for neutrophils during septic shock. Importantly, neutrophils indeed play a critical role in the recently described immunothrombosis concept and in septic shock-induced coagulopathy. Septic shock is one of the most severe forms of infection, characterized by an inadequate host response to the pathogenic organism. This host response involves numerous defense mechanisms with an intense cellular activation, including neutrophil activation. Neutrophils are key cells of innate immunity through complex interactions with vascular cells and their activation may participate in systemic tissue damages. Their activation also leads to the emission of neutrophil extracellular traps, which take part in both pathogen circumscription and phagocytosis, but also in coagulation activation. Neutrophils thus stand at the interface between hemostasis and immunity, called immunothrombosis.The present review will develop a cellular approach of septic shock pathophysiology focusing on neutrophils as key players of septic shock-induced vascular cell dysfunction and of the host response, associating immunity and hemostasis. We will therefore first develop the role of neutrophils in the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity, and will then highlight recent advances in our understanding of immunothrombosis septic shock-induced coagulopathy.
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32
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Clemente-Napimoga JT, Silva MASM, Peres SNC, Lopes AHP, Lossio CF, Oliveira MV, Osterne VJS, Nascimento KS, Abdalla HB, Teixeira JM, Cavada BS, Napimoga MH. Dioclea violacea lectin ameliorates inflammation in the temporomandibular joint of rats by suppressing intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression. Biochimie 2018; 158:34-42. [PMID: 30557594 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tissues are the most common cause of pain conditions associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). After a tissue and/or neural damage, the inflammatory response is characterized by plasma extravasation and leukocytes infiltration in the TMJ tissues, which in turn, release inflammatory cytokines cascades responsible for inflammatory pain. Lectins are glycoproteins widely distributed in nature that may exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. This study demonstrated by molecular docking and MM/PBSA that the lectin from Dioclea violacea (DVL) interacts favorably with α-methyl-D-mannoside, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, and core1-sialyl-Lewis X which are associated with leukocytes migration during an inflammatory response. Wistar rats pretreated with intravenously injection of DVL demonstrated a significant inhibition of plasma extravasation induced by carrageenan (a non-neurogenic inflammatory inductor) and mustard oil (a neurogenic inflammatory inductor) in the TMJ periarticular tissues (p < 0.05; ANOVA, Tukey's test). In addition, DVL significantly reduced carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration in the TMJ periarticular tissues mediated by down-regulation of ICAM-1 expression. These results suggest a potential anti-inflammatory effect of DVL in inflammatory conditions of TMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana T Clemente-Napimoga
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Área de Fisiologia, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria A S M Silva
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Área de Fisiologia, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sylvia N C Peres
- Laboratory of Biopathology and Molecular Biology, University of Uberaba, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Alexandre H P Lopes
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Claudia F Lossio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Messias V Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Vinicius J S Osterne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Kyria S Nascimento
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Henrique B Abdalla
- Laboratory of Orofacial Pain, Department of Physiology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Teixeira
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Área de Fisiologia, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Benildo S Cavada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo H Napimoga
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Área de Imunologia, Campinas, Brazil.
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Magalhães MAB, Petroianu A, Barbosa AJA, Figueiredo JA, Alberti LR, Ribas Filho JM. Effects of different periods of gastric ischemia on liver as a remote organ1. Acta Cir Bras 2018; 33:964-974. [PMID: 30517323 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020180110000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the hepatic changes associated with gastric ischemia. METHODS Thirty male rabbits were studied, distributed in 3 groups (n=10). Group 1: ligature and section of the gastric vasculature and removal of the liver after three hours; Group 2: ligature and section of the gastric vasculature and removal of the liver after 6 hours; Group 3: ligature and section of the gastric vasculature and removal of the liver after 12 hours. Blood samples were collected immediately before surgery and after the determined time of ischemia in each group to evaluate the hepatic function. After the death of the rabbits, the liver was removed for macro and microscopic study. RESULTS An increase in aminotransferases and bilirubin occurred in groups 2 and 3. Total protein and albumin diminished in all of the animals. All of the rabbits from groups 2 and 3 presented hepatocellular necrosis. CONCLUSION The devascularization of the stomach for a period of above three hours is associated with hepatic morphological and functional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angélica Baron Magalhães
- DVM, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo-Horizonte-MG, Brazil. Conception and design of the study; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; technical procedures; manuscript preparation and writing; critical revision
| | - Andy Petroianu
- PhD, Full Professor, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, UFMG, Researcher 1B CNPq, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil. Conception and design of the study; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; critical revision, final approval
| | - Alfredo José Afonso Barbosa
- PhD, Full Professor, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, UFMG, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, histopathological examinations, analysis and interpretation of data
| | - Juliano Alves Figueiredo
- Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, UFMG, Belo-Horizonte-MG, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, technical procedures
| | - Luiz Ronaldo Alberti
- Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, UFMG, Belo-Horizonte-MG, Brazil. Analysis and interpretation of data, statistics analysis
| | - Jurandir Marcondes Ribas Filho
- Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná (FEPAR), Curitiba-PR, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, critical revision
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Early Targeting of L-Selectin on Leukocytes Promotes Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury, Implicating Novel Mechanisms of Pathogenesis. eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-NWR-0101-18. [PMID: 30225356 PMCID: PMC6140118 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0101-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
L-selectin, a lectin-like receptor on all leukocyte classes, functions in adhesive and signaling roles in the recruitment of myeloid cells from the blood to sites of inflammation. Here, we consider L-selectin as a determinant of neurological recovery in a murine model of spinal cord injury (SCI). Spinal cord-injured, L-selectin knock-out (KO) mice (male) showed improved long-term recovery with greater white matter sparing relative to wild-type (WT) mice and reduced oxidative stress in the injured cord at 72 h post-SCI. There was a partial and transient reduction in accumulation of neutrophils in the injured spinal cords of KOs at 24 h post-injury. To complement these findings with KO mice, we sought a pharmacologic means for lowering L-selectin levels. We found that diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), induced the shedding of L-selectin from the cell surface of myeloid subsets, specifically neutrophils and non-classical monocytes, in the blood and the injured spinal cord. Diclofenac administration to injured WT mice enhanced neurological recovery to a level comparable to that of KOs but did not improve recovery in KOs. While diclofenac treatment had no effect on myeloid cell accumulation, there was a reduction in oxidative stress at 72 h post-SCI. These findings implicate L-selectin in secondary pathogenesis beyond a role in leukocyte recruitment and raise the possibility of repurposing diclofenac for the treatment of SCI.
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Edelmann B, Gupta N, Schnoeder TM, Oelschlegel AM, Shahzad K, Goldschmidt J, Philipsen L, Weinert S, Ghosh A, Saalfeld FC, Nimmagadda SC, Müller P, Braun-Dullaeus R, Mohr J, Wolleschak D, Kliche S, Amthauer H, Heidel FH, Schraven B, Isermann B, Müller AJ, Fischer T. JAK2-V617F promotes venous thrombosis through β1/β2 integrin activation. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:4359-4371. [PMID: 30024857 DOI: 10.1172/jci90312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
JAK2-V617F-positive chronic myeloproliferative neoplasia (CMN) commonly displays dysfunction of integrins and adhesion molecules expressed on platelets, erythrocytes, and leukocytes. However, the mechanism by which the 2 major leukocyte integrin chains, β1 and β2, may contribute to CMN pathophysiology remained unclear. β1 (α4β1; VLA-4) and β2 (αLβ2; LFA-1) integrins are essential regulators for attachment of leukocytes to endothelial cells. We here showed enhanced adhesion of granulocytes from mice with JAK2-V617F knockin (JAK2+/VF mice) to vascular cell adhesion molecule 1- (VCAM1-) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1-coated (ICAM1-coated) surfaces. Soluble VCAM1 and ICAM1 ligand binding assays revealed increased affinity of β1 and β2 integrins for their respective ligands. For β1 integrins, this correlated with a structural change from the low- to the high-affinity conformation induced by JAK2-V617F. JAK2-V617F triggered constitutive activation of the integrin inside-out signaling molecule Rap1, resulting in translocation toward the cell membrane. Employing a venous thrombosis model, we demonstrated that neutralizing anti-VLA-4 and anti-β2 integrin antibodies suppress pathologic thrombosis as observed in JAK2+/VF mice. In addition, aberrant homing of JAK2+/VF leukocytes to the spleen was inhibited by neutralizing anti-β2 antibodies and by pharmacologic inhibition of Rap1. Thus, our findings identified cross-talk between JAK2-V617F and integrin activation promoting pathologic thrombosis and abnormal trafficking of leukocytes to the spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bärbel Edelmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nibedita Gupta
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tina M Schnoeder
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Internal Medicine II, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Anja M Oelschlegel
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy
| | | | | | - Lars Philipsen
- Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, and
| | - Soenke Weinert
- Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Aniket Ghosh
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Felix C Saalfeld
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Subbaiah Chary Nimmagadda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus
- Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Mohr
- Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, and
| | - Denise Wolleschak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kliche
- Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, and
| | - Holger Amthauer
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Florian H Heidel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Internal Medicine II, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, and.,Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department of Immune Control, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry
| | - Andreas J Müller
- Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, and.,Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department of Immune Control, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Gesundheitscampus Immunologie, Infektiologie und Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Kellner M, Noonepalle S, Lu Q, Srivastava A, Zemskov E, Black SM. ROS Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Acute Lung Injury (ALI) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 967:105-137. [PMID: 29047084 PMCID: PMC7120947 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role for the maintenance of cellular processes and functions in the body. However, the excessive generation of oxygen radicals under pathological conditions such as acute lung injury (ALI) and its most severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) leads to increased endothelial permeability. Within this hallmark of ALI and ARDS, vascular microvessels lose their junctional integrity and show increased myosin contractions that promote the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and the transition of solutes and fluids in the alveolar lumen. These processes all have a redox component, and this chapter focuses on the role played by ROS during the development of ALI/ARDS. We discuss the origins of ROS within the cell, cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative damage, the role of ROS in the development of endothelial permeability, and potential therapies targeted at oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Kellner
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lung Vascular Pathobiology, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Satish Noonepalle
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lung Vascular Pathobiology, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lung Vascular Pathobiology, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Anup Srivastava
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lung Vascular Pathobiology, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Evgeny Zemskov
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lung Vascular Pathobiology, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Stephen M Black
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lung Vascular Pathobiology, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA.
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Morbiducci U, Kok AM, Kwak BR, Stone PH, Steinman DA, Wentzel JJ. Atherosclerosis at arterial bifurcations: evidence for the role of haemodynamics and geometry. Thromb Haemost 2018; 115:484-92. [DOI: 10.1160/th15-07-0597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryAtherosclerotic plaques are found at distinct locations in the arterial system, despite the exposure to systemic risk factors of the entire vascular tree. From the study of arterial bifurcation regions, emerges ample evidence that haemodynamics are involved in the local onset and progression of the atherosclerotic disease. This observed co-localisation of disturbed flow regions and lesion prevalence at geometrically predisposed districts such as arterial bifurcations has led to the formulation of a ‘haemodynamic hypothesis’, that in this review is grounded to the most current research concerning localising factors of vascular disease. In particular, this review focuses on carotid and coronary bifurcations because of their primary relevance to stroke and heart attack. We highlight reported relationships between atherosclerotic plaque location, progression and composition, and fluid forces at vessel’s wall, in particular shear stress and its ‘easier-tomeasure’ surrogates, i.e. vascular geometric attributes (because geometry shapes the flow) and intravascular flow features (because they mediate disturbed shear stress), in order to give more insight in plaque initiation and destabilisation. Analogous to Virchow’s triad for thrombosis, atherosclerosis must be thought of as subject to a triad of, and especially interactions among, haemodynamic forces, systemic risk factors, and the biological response of the wall.
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Docheva N, Romero R, Chaemsaithong P, Tarca AL, Bhatti G, Pacora P, Panaitescu B, Chaiyasit N, Chaiworapongsa T, Maymon E, Hassan SS, Erez O. The profiles of soluble adhesion molecules in the "great obstetrical syndromes" . J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 32:2113-2136. [PMID: 29320948 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1427058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the profiles of maternal plasma soluble adhesion molecules in patients with preeclampsia, small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses, acute pyelonephritis, preterm labor with intact membranes (PTL), preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes (preterm PROM), and fetal death. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine maternal plasma concentrations of sE-selectin, sL-selectin, and sP-selectin as well as sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and sPECAM-1 in patients with (1) an uncomplicated pregnancy (control, n = 100); (2) preeclampsia (n = 94); (3) SGA fetuses (in women without preeclampsia/hypertension, n = 45); (4) acute pyelonephritis (n = 25); (5) PTL (n = 53); (6) preterm PROM (n = 24); and (7) fetal death (n = 34). Concentrations of soluble adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-8) were determined with sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunoassays. RESULTS In comparison to women with a normal pregnancy, (1) women with preeclampsia had higher median concentrations of sE-selectin, sP-selectin, and sVCAM-1, and a lower concentration of sL-selectin (all p values < .001); (2) patients with SGA fetuses had higher median concentrations of sE-selectin, sP-selectin, and sVCAM-1 (all p values < .05); (3) patients with a fetal death had higher median concentrations of sE-selectin and sP-selectin (all p values < .05); (4) patients with acute pyelonephritis had higher median plasma concentrations of sE-selectin, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 (all p values < .001); (5) patients with preeclampsia and acute pyelonephritis, plasma concentrations of sVCAM-1, sE-selectin, and sP-selectin correlated with those of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and interleukin (IL)-8 (all p values < .05); (6) patients with PTL had a higher median concentration of sP-selectin and a lower median concentration of VCAM-1 (all p values < .05); and (7) women with preterm PROM had lower median concentrations of sL-selectin and sVCAM-1 (all p values < .05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that endothelial cell activation/dysfunction reflected by the plasma concentration of sE-selectin is not specific to preeclampsia but is present in pregnancies complicated by SGA fetuses, acute pyelonephritis, and fetal death. Collectively, we report that each obstetrical syndrome appears to have a stereotypical profile of soluble adhesion molecules in the peripheral circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Docheva
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,d Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Michigan State University , East Lansing , MI , USA.,e Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics , Wayne State University , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Piya Chaemsaithong
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Adi L Tarca
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Gaurav Bhatti
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Percy Pacora
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Bogdan Panaitescu
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Noppadol Chaiyasit
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Eli Maymon
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA.,f Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Soroka University Medical Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beersheba , Israel
| | - Sonia S Hassan
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA.,g Department of Physiology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Offer Erez
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit , MI , USA.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA.,f Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Soroka University Medical Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beersheba , Israel
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Abstract
Neutrophils are the primary cells recruited to inflamed sites during an innate immune response to tissue damage and/or infection. They are finely sensitive to inciting stimuli to reach in great numbers and within minutes areas of inflammation and tissue insult. For this effective response, they can detect extracellular chemical gradients and move towards higher concentrations, the so-called chemotaxis process or guided cell migration. This directed neutrophil recruitment is orchestrated by chemoattractants, a chemically diverse group of molecular guidance cues (e.g., lipids, N-formylated peptides, complement, anaphylotoxins and chemokines). Neutrophils respond to these guidance signals in a hierarchical manner and, based on this concept, they can be further subdivided into two groups: "end target" and "intermediary" chemoattractants, the signals of the former dominant over the latter. Neutrophil chemoattractants exert their effects through interaction with heptahelical G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) expressed on cell surfaces and the chemotactic response is mainly regulated by the Rho family of GTPases. Additionally, neutrophil behavior might differ and be affected in different complex scenarios such as disease conditions and type of vascular bed in specific organs. Finally, there are different mechanisms to disrupt neutrophil chemotaxis either associated to the resolution of inflammation or to bacterial escape and systemic infection. Therefore, in the present review, we will discuss the different molecular players involved in neutrophil chemotaxis, paying special attention to the different chemoattractants described and the way that they interact intra- and extravascularly for neutrophils to properly reach the target tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Petri
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases Mouse Phenomics Resource Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada. .,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Maria-Jesús Sanz
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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40
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Zenaro E, Piacentino G, Constantin G. The blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 107:41-56. [PMID: 27425887 PMCID: PMC5600438 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the pathological accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated neuronal tau protein. AD pathology is also characterized by chronic brain inflammation, which promotes disease pathogenesis. In this context, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a highly specialized endothelial cell membrane that lines cerebral microvessels, represents the interface between neural cells and circulating cells of the immune system. The BBB thus plays a key role in the generation and maintenance of chronic inflammation during AD. The BBB operates within the neurovascular unit (NVU), which includes clusters of glial cells, neurons and pericytes. The NVU becomes dysfunctional during AD, and each of its components may undergo functional changes that contribute to neuronal injury and cognitive deficit. In transgenic animals with AD-like pathology, recent studies have shown that circulating leukocytes migrate through the activated brain endothelium when certain adhesion molecules are expressed, penetrating into the brain parenchyma, interacting with the NVU components and potentially affecting their structural integrity and functionality. Therefore, migrating immune system cells in cerebral vessels act in concert with the modified BBB and may be integrated into the dysfunctional NVU. Notably, blocking the adhesion mechanisms controlling leukocyte-endothelial interactions inhibits both Aβ deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation, and reduces memory loss in AD models. The characterization of molecular mechanisms controlling vascular inflammation and leukocyte trafficking could therefore help to determine the basis of BBB dysfunction during AD and may lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zenaro
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Gennj Piacentino
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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41
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Bdeir K, Gollomp K, Stasiak M, Mei J, Papiewska-Pajak I, Zhao G, Worthen GS, Cines DB, Poncz M, Kowalska MA. Platelet-Specific Chemokines Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Acute Lung Injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 56:261-270. [PMID: 27755915 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0245oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets and neutrophils contribute to the development of acute lung injury (ALI). However, the mechanism by which platelets make this contribution is incompletely understood. We investigated whether the two most abundant platelet chemokines, CXCL7, which induces neutrophil chemotaxis and activation, and CXCL4, which does neither, mediate ALI through complementary pathogenic pathways. To examine the role of platelet-derived chemokines in the pathogenesis of ALI using Cxcl7-/- and Cxcl4-/- knockout mice and mice that express human CXCL7 or CXCL4, we measured levels of chemokines in these mice. ALI was then induced by acid aspiration, and the severity of injury was evaluated by histology and by the presence of neutrophils and protein in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Pulmonary vascular permeability was studied in vivo by measuring extravasation of fluorescently labeled dextran. Murine CXCL7, both recombinant and native protein released from platelets, can be N-terminally processed by cathepsin G to yield a biologically active CXCL7 fragment. Although Cxcl7-/- mice are protected from lung injury through the preservation of endothelial/epithelial barrier function combined with impaired neutrophils transmigration, Cxcl4-/- mice are protected through improved barrier function without affecting neutrophils transmigration to the airways. Sensitivity to ALI is restored by transgenic expression of CXCL7 or CXCL4. Platelet-derived CXCL7 and CXCL4 contribute to the pathogenesis of ALI through complementary effects on neutrophil chemotaxis and through activation and vascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Bdeir
- Departments of 1 Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
| | | | - Marta Stasiak
- 3 Department of Cytobiology and Proteomics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; and
| | - Junjie Mei
- 4 Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - G Scott Worthen
- 6 Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania-Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,4 Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Mortimer Poncz
- 6 Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania-Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Divisions of 2 Hematology and
| | - M Anna Kowalska
- Divisions of 2 Hematology and.,5 Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
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42
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Jensen SB, Käkelä M, Jødal L, Moisio O, Alstrup AKO, Jalkanen S, Roivainen A. Exploring the radiosynthesis and in vitro characteristics of [ 68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2017; 60:439-449. [PMID: 28556976 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vascular adhesion protein 1 is a leukocyte homing-associated glycoprotein, which upon inflammation rapidly translocates from intracellular sources to the endothelial cell surface. It has been discovered that the cyclic peptide residues 283-297 of sialic acid-binding IgG-like lectin 9 (Siglec-9) "CARLSLSWRGLTLCPSK" bind to vascular adhesion protein 1 and hence makes the radioactive analogues of this compound ([68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9) interesting as a noninvasive visualizing marker of inflammation. Three different approaches to the radiosynthesis of [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 are presented and compared with previously published methods. A simple, robust radiosynthesis of [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 with a yield of 62% (non decay-corrected) was identified, and it had a radiochemical purity >98% and a specific radioactivity of 35 MBq/nmol. Furthermore, the protein binding and stability of [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 were analyzed in vitro in mouse, rat, rabbit, pig, and human plasma and compared with in vivo pig results. The plasma in vitro protein binding of [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 was the lowest in the pig followed by rabbit, human, rat, and mouse. It was considerably higher in the in vivo pig experiments. The in vivo stability in pigs was lower than the in vitro stability. Despite considerable species differences, the observed characteristics of [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 are suitable as a positron emission tomography tracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svend B Jensen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Meeri Käkelä
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lars Jødal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Olli Moisio
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Aage K O Alstrup
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Roivainen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Turku Centre for Disease Modelling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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43
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Begandt D, Thome S, Sperandio M, Walzog B. How neutrophils resist shear stress at blood vessel walls: molecular mechanisms, subcellular structures, and cell-cell interactions. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 102:699-709. [PMID: 28619950 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3mr0117-026rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first cells arriving at sites of tissue injury or infection to combat invading pathogens. Successful neutrophil recruitment to sites of inflammation highly depends on specific molecular mechanisms, fine-tuning the received information into signaling pathways and converting them into well-described recruitment steps. This review highlights the impact of vascular flow conditions on neutrophil recruitment and the multitude of mechanisms developed to enable this sophisticated process under wall shear stress conditions. The recruitment process underlies a complex interplay between adhesion and signaling molecules, as well as chemokines, in which neutrophils developed specific mechanisms to travel to sites of lesion in low and high shear stress conditions. Rolling, as the first step in the recruitment process, highly depends on endothelial selectins and their ligands on neutrophils, inducting of intracellular signaling and subsequently activating β2 integrins, enabling adhesion and postadhesion events. In addition, subcellular structures, such as microvilli, tethers, and slings allow the cell to arrest, even under high wall shear stress. Thereby, microvilli that are pulled out from the cell body form tethers that develop into slings upon their detachment from the substrate. In addition to the above-described primary capture, secondary capture of neutrophils via neutrophil-neutrophil or neutrophil-platelet interaction promotes the process of neutrophil recruitment to sites of lesion. Thus, precise mechanisms based on a complex molecular interplay, subcellular structures, and cell-cell interactions turn the delicate process of neutrophil trafficking during flow into a robust response allowing effective neutrophil accumulation at sites of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Begandt
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sarah Thome
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Barbara Walzog
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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44
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Wu BC, Patel ED, Ortega-Loayza AG. Drug-induced pyoderma gangrenosum: a model to understand the pathogenesis of pyoderma gangrenosum. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:72-83. [PMID: 27864925 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare autoinflammatory condition in which the alteration of neutrophil function and the innate immune response play key roles in its pathogenesis. Cases of PG have been reported in patients being treated with certain medications, which may help us to understand some of the possible pathways involved in the aetiology of PG. The aim of this review is to review the cases of PG triggered by certain drugs and try to thoroughly understand the pathogenesis of the disease. To accomplish this, a PubMed search was completed using the following words: pyoderma gangrenosum, neutrophilic dermatosis, pathophysiology, drug-induced pyoderma gangrenosum. In total, we found 43 cases of drug-induced PG. Most of them were caused by colony-stimulating factors and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We propose that drugs induce PG through various mechanisms such as dysfunctional neutrophil migration and function, dysregulated inflammatory response, promotion of keratinocyte apoptosis and alteration of epigenetic mechanisms. PG is a rare condition with complex pathophysiology and drug-induced cases are even more scarce; this is the main limitation of this review. Understanding the possible mechanisms of drug-induced PG, via abnormal neutrophil migration and function, abnormal inflammation, keratinocyte apoptosis and alteration of epigenetic mechanisms would help to better understand the pathogenesis of PG and ultimately to optimize targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Wu
- Department of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine/Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
| | - E D Patel
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, U.S.A
| | - A G Ortega-Loayza
- Center for Wound and Healing, Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, CHD 16D, Portland, OR, 97034, U.S.A
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45
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Karta MR, Rosenthal PS, Beppu A, Vuong CY, Miller M, Das S, Kurten RC, Doherty TA, Broide DH. β 2 integrins rather than β 1 integrins mediate Alternaria-induced group 2 innate lymphoid cell trafficking to the lung. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 141:329-338.e12. [PMID: 28366795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) expand in the lungs of mice during type 2 inflammation induced by the fungal allergen Alternaria alternata. The increase in ILC2 numbers in the lung has been largely attributed to local proliferation and whether ILC2s migrate from the circulation to the lung after Alternaria exposure is unknown. OBJECTIVE We examined whether human (lung, lymph node, and blood) and mouse lung ILC2s express β1 and β2 integrin adhesion molecules and whether these integrins are required for trafficking of ILC2s into the lungs of mice. METHODS Human and mouse ILC2s were assessed for surface expression of β1 and β2 integrin adhesion molecules by using flow cytometry. The role of β1 and β2 integrins in ILC2 trafficking to the lungs was assessed by in vivo blocking of these integrins before airway exposure to Alternaria in mice. RESULTS Both human and mouse lung ILC2s express high levels of β1 and β2 integrin adhesion receptors. Intranasal administration of Alternaria challenge reduced ILC2 numbers in the bone marrow and concurrently increased blood and lung ILC2 numbers. In vivo blocking of β2 integrins (CD18) significantly reduced ILC2 numbers in the lungs but did not alter ILC2 proliferation, apoptosis, and function. In contrast, in vivo blocking of β1 integrins or α4 integrins did not affect lung ILC2 numbers. CONCLUSION ILC2 numbers increase in the mouse lung not only through local proliferation but also through trafficking from the circulation into the lung using β2 rather than β1 or α4 integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya R Karta
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Peter S Rosenthal
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Andrew Beppu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Christine Y Vuong
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Marina Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Sudipta Das
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Richard C Kurten
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, Little Rock, Ark
| | - Taylor A Doherty
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - David H Broide
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.
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46
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Pietronigro EC, Della Bianca V, Zenaro E, Constantin G. NETosis in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Immunol 2017; 8:211. [PMID: 28303140 PMCID: PMC5332471 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive deterioration of cognitive functions. Its neuropathological features include amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation, the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, and the loss of neurons and synapses. Neuroinflammation is a well-established feature of AD pathogenesis, and a better understanding of its mechanisms could facilitate the development of new therapeutic approaches. Recent studies in transgenic mouse models of AD have shown that neutrophils adhere to blood vessels and migrate inside the parenchyma. Moreover, studies in human AD subjects have also shown that neutrophils adhere and spread inside brain vessels and invade the parenchyma, suggesting these cells play a role in AD pathogenesis. Indeed, neutrophil depletion and the therapeutic inhibition of neutrophil trafficking, achieved by blocking LFA-1 integrin in AD mouse models, significantly reduced memory loss and the neuropathological features of AD. We observed that neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) inside blood vessels and in the parenchyma of AD mice, potentially harming the blood–brain barrier and neural cells. Furthermore, confocal microscopy confirmed the presence of NETs inside the cortical vessels and parenchyma of subjects with AD, providing more evidence that neutrophils and NETs play a role in AD-related tissue destruction. The discovery of NETs inside the AD brain suggests that these formations may exacerbate neuro-inflammatory processes, promoting vascular and parenchymal damage during AD. The inhibition of NET formation has achieved therapeutic benefits in several models of chronic inflammatory diseases, including autoimmune diseases affecting the brain. Therefore, the targeting of NETs may delay AD pathogenesis and offer a novel approach for the treatment of this increasingly prevalent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vittorina Della Bianca
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Elena Zenaro
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
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47
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Karenberg K, Hudalla H, Frommhold D. Leukocyte recruitment in preterm and term infants. Mol Cell Pediatr 2016; 3:35. [PMID: 27778308 PMCID: PMC5078115 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-016-0063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired cellular innate immune defense accounts for susceptibility to sepsis and its high morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Leukocyte recruitment is an integral part of the cellular immune response and follows a well-defined cascade of events from rolling of leukocytes along the endothelium to firm adhesion and finally transmigration which is concerted by a variety of adhesion molecules. Recent analytical advances such as fetal intravital microscopy have granted new insights into ontogenetic regulation and maturation of fetal immune cell recruitment. Understanding the fetal innate immune system is essential for targeted prevention and therapy of premature infants with severe infections or disorders of the immune system. This review gives an overview of the basic principles of leukocyte recruitment, particularly neutrophil trafficking, and its development during early life and highlights technical limitations to our current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katinka Karenberg
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannes Hudalla
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Frommhold
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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48
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Ponschab M, van Griensven M, Heitmeier S, Laux V, Schlimp CJ, Calatzis A, Bahrami S, Redl H, Schöchl H. Platelet function in baboons and humans - A comparative study of whole blood using impedance platelet aggregometry (Multiplate®). Thromb Res 2016; 147:115-121. [PMID: 27736703 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets play a pivotal role in coagulation, inflammation and wound healing. Suitable animal models that have the potential to mimic human platelet function are limited. The objective of the current study was to compare platelet aggregation response in the whole blood of baboons and humans using impedance aggregometry. METHODS Blood was drawn from 24 anesthetised male baboons and 25 healthy volunteers. The platelet aggregation response was determined by impedance aggregometry (Multiplate®). Platelets in the hirudinised whole blood samples were stimulated with four different activators: adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen (COL), thrombin receptor activating peptide-6 (TR1AP), and activation of PAR-4 thrombin receptor subtype (TR4AP) at standard concentrations. Higher than standard concentrations were tested in a subgroup of the animals. RESULTS The cell counts showed no differences between baboons and humans. The platelet aggregation response was significantly lower in baboons compared to humans when stimulated with the platelet agonists ADP (p<0.0001), COL (p=0.021) and TR4AP (p<0.0001). TR1AP did not stimulate platelet aggregation in the baboon blood. Doubling the concentration of ADP and of TR4AP significantly increased the AUC compared to the standard concentration. In contrast, increased COL levels did not further increase the AUC. CONCLUSION The current study revealed that testing the platelet function in baboon blood by impedance aggregometry is feasible with ADP, COL and TR4AP, but not with TR1AP. Compared to humans, the aggregation response is lower in baboons. Considering the limitations in accordance to these results, baboons might represent a potential species for further platelet research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ponschab
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Centre, Vienna, Austria; Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, AUVA Trauma Hospital Linz, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Volker Laux
- Bayer Pharma AG, Acute Care Research, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Christoph J Schlimp
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Centre, Vienna, Austria.
| | | | - Soheyl Bahrami
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Centre, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Centre, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Herbert Schöchl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Centre, Vienna, Austria; Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, AUVA Trauma Centre, Salzburg, Austria.
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49
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Carvalho LO, Aquino EN, Neves ACD, Fontes W. The Neutrophil Nucleus and Its Role in Neutrophilic Function. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:1831-6. [PMID: 25727365 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cell nucleus plays a key role in differentiation processes in eukaryotic cells. It is not the nucleus in particular, but the organization of the genes and their remodeling that provides the data for the adjustments to be made according to the medium. The neutrophil nucleus has a different morphology. It is a multi-lobed nucleus where some researchers argue no longer function. However, studies indicate that it is very probable the occurrence of chromatin remodeling during activation steps. It may be that the human neutrophil nucleus also contributes to the mobility of neutrophils through thin tissue spaces. Questions like these will be discussed in this small review. The topics include morphology of human neutrophil nucleus, maturation process and modifications of the neutrophil nucleus, neutrophil activation and chromatin modifications, causes and consequences of multi-lobulated segmented morphology, and importance of the nucleus in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Olivieri Carvalho
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry (Proteomics Research), University of Brasilia (UNB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Elaine Nascimento Aquino
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry (Proteomics Research), University of Brasilia (UNB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Anne Caroline Dias Neves
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry (Proteomics Research), University of Brasilia (UNB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Wagner Fontes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry (Proteomics Research), University of Brasilia (UNB), Brasília, Brazil
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50
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LFA-1 and Mac-1 integrins bind to the serine/threonine-rich domain of thrombomodulin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:1005-1012. [PMID: 27055590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
LFA-1 (αLβ2) and Mac-1 (αMβ2) integrins regulate leukocyte trafficking in health and disease by binding primarily to IgSF ligand ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 on endothelial cells. Here we have shown that the anti-coagulant molecule thrombomodulin (TM), found on the surface of endothelial cells, functions as a potentially new ligand for leukocyte integrins. We generated a recombinant extracellular domain of human TM and Fc fusion protein (TM-domains 123-Fc), and showed that pheripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) bind to TM-domains 123-Fc dependent upon integrin activation. We then demonstrated that αL integrin-blocking mAb, αM integrin-blocking mAb, and β2 integrin-blocking mAb inhibited the binding of PBMCs to TM-domains 123-Fc. Furthermore, we show that the serine/threonine-rich domain (domain 3) of TM is required for the interaction with the LFA-1 (αLβ2) and Mac-1 (αMβ2) integrins to occur on PBMCs. These results demonstrate that the LFA-1 and Mac-1 integrins on leukocytes bind to TM, thereby establishing the molecular and structural basis underlying LFA-1 and Mac-1 integrin interaction with TM on endothelial cells. In fact, integrin-TM interactions might be involved in the dynamic regulation of leukocyte adhesion with endothelial cells.
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