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Wielsøe M, Long M, Søndergaard J, Bonefeld-Jørgensen EC. Metal exposure in the Greenlandic ACCEPT cohort: follow-up and comparison with other Arctic populations. Int J Circumpolar Health 2024; 83:2381308. [PMID: 39078885 PMCID: PMC11290292 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2024.2381308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Humans are exposed to metals through diet and lifestyle e.g. smoking. Some metals are essential for physiologically body functions, while others are non-essential and can be toxic to humans. This study follows up on metal concentrations in the Greenlandic ACCEPT birth-cohort (mothers and fathers) and compares with other Arctic populations. The data from 2019 to 2020 include blood metal concentrations, lifestyle and food frequency questionnaires from 101 mothers and 76 fathers, 24-55 years, living in Nuuk, Sisimiut, and Ilulissat. A high percentage (25-45%) exceeded international guidance values for Hg. For the mothers, the metal concentrations changed significantly from inclusion at pregnancy to this follow-up 3-5 years after birth; some increased and others decreased. Most metals differed significantly between mothers and fathers, while few also differed between residential towns. Several metals correlated significantly with marine food intake and socio-economic factors, but the direction of the correlations varied. Traditional marine food intake was associated positively with Se, As and Hg. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the most recent data on metal exposure of both men and women in Greenland, elucidating metal exposure sources among Arctic populations, and documents the need for continuing biomonitoring to follow the exceeding of guidance values for Hg. [Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wielsøe
- Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Manhai Long
- Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Eva Cecilie Bonefeld-Jørgensen
- Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Greenland Centre for Health Research, University of Greenland, Nuussuaq, Greenland
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Delobel C, Panossian A, Hanquet G, Leroux FR, Toulgoat F, Billard T. Phenylseleno trifluoromethoxylation of alkenes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:2434-2441. [PMID: 39355857 PMCID: PMC11443662 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Trifluoromethoxylated molecules and selenylated compounds find a wide range of interesting applications, but separately. In order to combine the potential of these two motifs and to propose a new class of compounds, we have developed an electrophilic phenylseleno trifluoromethoxylation of alkenes, which leads to β-selenylated trifluoromethoxylated compounds or, upon subsequent reduction, to the trifluoromethoxylated ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Delobel
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS - UMR 5246), CNRS, University Claude Bernard-Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Armen Panossian
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gilles Hanquet
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric R Leroux
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Toulgoat
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS - UMR 5246), CNRS, University Claude Bernard-Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, Lyon, France
- CPE Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS - UMR 5246), CNRS, University Claude Bernard-Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, Lyon, France
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Peer F, Kuehnelt D. High levels of the health-relevant antioxidant selenoneine identified in the edible mushroom Boletus edulis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 86:127536. [PMID: 39321647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenoneine, the selenium analogue of the sulfur antioxidant ergothioneine, has been ascribed a multitude of beneficial health effects. Natural nutritional sources for this selenium species are, hence, of high interest. So far marine fish is the only significant selenoneine source consumed by larger parts of the population worldwide. METHODS As selenoneine and ergothioneine share their biosynthetic pathways and transport mechanisms and the popular edible porcini mushroom Boletus edulis is rich in ergothioneine and selenium, we conducted a preliminary study investigating a composite sample of two specimens of B. edulis for their selenoneine content by HPLC coupled to elemental and molecular mass spectrometry after aqueous extraction. RESULTS Selenium speciation analysis by HPLC-ICPMS revealed that ca. 860 µg Se kg-1 wet mass (81 % of the total Se) co-eluted with a selenoneine standard and a minor selenium species with Se-methylselenoneine. The presence of selenoneine was rigorously proven by HPLC-ESI-Orbitrap MS. The selenoneine content of the investigated specimens of B. edulis was higher than that of commonly consumed muscle of marine fish species, like tuna or mackerel. CONCLUSION This is the first report of a terrestrial food source containing significant selenoneine levels. Our results suggest that B. edulis might represent a complementary natural supply with this health-relevant selenium species for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Peer
- Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 1, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Doris Kuehnelt
- Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 1, Graz 8010, Austria.
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Alehagen U, Aaseth J, Schomburg L, Larsson A, Opstad T, Alexander J. Selenoprotein P increases upon selenium and coenzyme Q 10 supplementation and is associated with telomere length, quality of life and reduced inflammation and mortality. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:403-413. [PMID: 38960007 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) transports selenium to extrahepatic tissues and is a biomarker of selenium status. Low soil selenium leads to low dietary selenium intake. A consequence is an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE To investigate clinical aspects associated with SELENOP deficiency, including biomarkers of inflammation, quality of life, and mortality within 12 years, and the effect of dietary selenium and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on SELENOP. METHODS SELENOP was determined at inclusion and after four years of supplementation in 403 elderly community-living participants low in selenium receiving selenium yeast (200 μg/day) and coenzyme Q10 (200 mg/day), or placebo. Pre-intervention, the average serum selenium level was 67 μg/L. T-tests, repeated measures of variance, Cox proportional regressions analyses, Kaplan-Meier graphs and ANCOVA analyses were applied. Associations with biomarkers of inflammation, telomere length, quality of life and mortality were investigated. Benchmark modelling was used to determine the serum selenium concentration at which the saturation levels of SELENOP and GPx3 was achieved. Comparison with GPx3 and serum selenium to identify increased mortality risk was performed, and the effect of supplementation on SELENOP levels were evaluated. RESULTS Inverse associations were observed between the level of SELENOP at inclusion and biomarkers for inflammation. At follow-up, shorter telomere lengths were seen in those with low levels of SELENOP at inclusion, whereas high levels of SELENOP were associated with better quality of life and decreased mortality. SELENOP had increased prognostic power compared to GPx3 and selenium. Saturation of SELENOP was achieved at a serum selenium level of 146 μg/L, and for GPx3 at 99 μg/L. Supplementation induced higher levels of SELENOP. CONCLUSION Significant associations between SELENOP and inflammation, length of telomeres, quality of life, and mortality were observed. Thus, selenium supplementation improved SELENOP expression, thereby facilitating systemic selenium bioavailability and resulting in the observed positive health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Alehagen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - J Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, N-2381, Brumunddal, Norway.
| | - L Schomburg
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10115, Berlin, Germany.
| | - A Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Trine Opstad
- Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research - Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - J Alexander
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, N-0403, Oslo, Norway.
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Venegas E, Langeveld S, Ahring K, Benitez R, Desloovere A, Dios E, Gómez E, Hermida A, Marsaux C, Verloo P, Couce ML. Nutrient Status and Intakes of Adults with Phenylketonuria. Nutrients 2024; 16:2724. [PMID: 39203860 PMCID: PMC11357144 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
A phenylalanine-restricted diet, supplemented with protein substitutes (PSs), remains the cornerstone of phenylketonuria (PKU) management. However, adherence is challenging in adulthood, and data on the nutritional status of early and continuously treated adults with PKU (ETAwPKU) are scarce. A total of 34 ETAwPKU (16 females; mean ± SD, age: 28 ± 9 years, phenylalanine concentration: 847 ± 285 µmol/L) and 34 age- and sex-matched control subjects were compared regarding their blood nutrient status, self-reported dietary intake, and cognitive wellbeing. Though diet adherence varied, all ETAwPKU were taking a PS. No significant differences were found for blood DHA, calcium, ferritin, transferrin, and zinc concentrations. However, selenium and ubiquinone concentrations were 16% and 29% lower in ETAwPKU, respectively (p < 0.01 and <0.0001). Vitamin concentrations (D, B12, B6, and folic acid) were significantly higher in ETAwPKU except for alpha-tocopherol. Amino acid (AA) concentrations differed between ETAwPKU and controls: they were significantly lower for 12 AAs and higher for phenylalanine and glycine. ETAwPKU had a significantly higher intake of most minerals and vitamins, except for niacin and phosphorus (no difference). Depending on the nutrient, PSs represented 52-100% of patients' daily intake and 19% of total daily energy intake. Compared with controls, ETAwPKU scored significantly lower in three of the four subscales of the cognitive wellbeing questionnaire. Overall, the blood DHA and micronutrient status of ETAwPKU was adequate, except for selenium, with higher intakes than controls for most micronutrients. Patients relied heavily on PSs to meet the recommended intakes for protein, DHA, and micronutrients. The potential clinical impact of differences found in AA status should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Venegas
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (E.V.); (R.B.); (E.D.)
| | | | - Kirsten Ahring
- Department of Phenylketonuria, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Rosa Benitez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (E.V.); (R.B.); (E.D.)
| | - An Desloovere
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Center for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, University Hospital Ghent, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.); (P.V.)
| | - Elena Dios
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (E.V.); (R.B.); (E.D.)
| | - Eva Gómez
- Unit for Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Disorders, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.G.); (A.H.); (M.-L.C.)
| | - Alvaro Hermida
- Unit for Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Disorders, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.G.); (A.H.); (M.-L.C.)
| | - Cyril Marsaux
- Danone Research & Innovation, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Patrick Verloo
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Center for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, University Hospital Ghent, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.); (P.V.)
| | - Maria-Luz Couce
- Unit for Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Disorders, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.G.); (A.H.); (M.-L.C.)
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Altmayer LA, Lang M, Schleicher JT, Stuhlert C, Wörmann C, Scherer LS, Thul IC, Spenner LS, Simon JA, Wind A, Tokcan M, Kaiser E, Weber R, Goedicke-Fritz S, Wagenpfeil G, Zemlin M, Solomayer EF, Reichrath J, Müller C, Zemlin C. A Plea for Monitoring Serum Selenium Levels in Breast Cancer Patients: Selenium Deficiency Is Rare during the First Year of Therapy, and Selenium Supplementation Is Associated with Elevated Risk of Overdosing. Nutrients 2024; 16:2134. [PMID: 38999881 PMCID: PMC11243168 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The role of selenium in cancer biology remains poorly understood. Our aim was to study the course of selenium serum levels and the use of selenium supplements during breast cancer therapy. (2) Methods: Serum selenium levels, clinical-pathological data, selenium supplementation, and lifestyle factors were monitored quarterly over one year. (3) Results: A total of 110 non-metastatic breast cancer patients were enrolled in the prospective observational "BEGYN-1" study. At baseline, 2.9% of patients were selenium-deficient (<50 ng/mL), 1.9% were overdosed (>120 ng/mL), and 6.4% received substitution. The median selenium level was 81.5 ng/mL and ranged between 78.7 and 84.5 ng/mL within the year. A total of 25.3% of the patients received supplementation, resulting in significantly higher selenium levels (p < 0.05). A total of 8.7-28.6% of the patients using supplements were overdosed. Selenium levels strongly correlated with mushroom consumption (p = 0.003), but no association was found with therapy or clinical characteristics. (4) Conclusions: Although selenium deficiency is rare, serum selenium levels should be assessed in breast cancer patients. Mushrooms and nuts should be preferred over supplements to correct selenium deficiency. Ruling out selenium deficiency helps prevent the risk of selenosis and avoid unnecessary, costly supplementation in patients who are often financially burdened due to their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Alicia Altmayer
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Marina Lang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Julia Theresa Schleicher
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Caroline Stuhlert
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Carolin Wörmann
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Laura-Sophie Scherer
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Ida Clara Thul
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Lisanne Sophie Spenner
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Jana Alisa Simon
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Alina Wind
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Mert Tokcan
- Department of Internal Medicine III-Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Elisabeth Kaiser
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (E.K.); (R.W.); (S.G.-F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Regine Weber
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (E.K.); (R.W.); (S.G.-F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Sybelle Goedicke-Fritz
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (E.K.); (R.W.); (S.G.-F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Gudrun Wagenpfeil
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics (IMBEI), Saarland University Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Michael Zemlin
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (E.K.); (R.W.); (S.G.-F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Erich-Franz Solomayer
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Jörg Reichrath
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Carolin Müller
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Department of Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Cosima Zemlin
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.L.); (J.T.S.); (C.S.); (C.W.); (L.-S.S.); (I.C.T.); (L.S.S.); (J.A.S.); (A.W.); (E.-F.S.); (C.M.); (C.Z.)
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Manojlović-Stojanoski M, Borković-Mitić S, Nestorović N, Ristić N, Stefanović R, Stevanović M, Filipović N, Stojsavljević A, Pavlović S. Antioxidant Response of Maternal and Fetal Rat Liver to Selenium Nanoparticle Supplementation Compared to Sodium Selenite: Sex Differences between Fetuses. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:756. [PMID: 39061825 PMCID: PMC11274326 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To compare the effects of organic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs, Se0) and inorganic sodium selenite (NaSe, Na2SeO3, Se4+) on the antioxidant response in maternal and fetal rat liver, pregnant females were treated with two forms of selenium (Se) at equivalent doses during gestation (0.5 mg SeNPs or 0.5 mg NaSe/kg body weight/day). Structural parameters of the liver of gravid females and their fetuses were examined in a sex-specific manner. The oxidative stress parameters superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), total glutathione (GSH) and sulfhydryl groups (SH) were established. In addition, the Se concentration was determined in the blood, liver, urine and feces of the gravid females and in the liver of the fetuses. The structure of the liver of gravid females remained histologically the same after supplementation with both forms of Se, while the oxidative stress in the liver was significantly lower after the use of SeNPs compared to NaSe. Immaturity of fetal antioxidant defenses and sex specificity were demonstrated. This study provides a detailed insight into the differences in the bioavailability of the nano form of Se compared to sodium selenite in the livers of pregnant females and fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Manojlović-Stojanoski
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (N.N.); (N.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Slavica Borković-Mitić
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (N.N.); (N.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Nataša Nestorović
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (N.N.); (N.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Nataša Ristić
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (N.N.); (N.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Radomir Stefanović
- Department of Pathology and Medical Citology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, dr Koste Todorovića 26, 11000 Belgrde, Serbia
| | - Magdalena Stevanović
- Group for Biomedical Engineering and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SASA), Kneza Mihaila 35/IV, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.S.); (N.F.)
| | - Nenad Filipović
- Group for Biomedical Engineering and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SASA), Kneza Mihaila 35/IV, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.S.); (N.F.)
| | - Aleksandar Stojsavljević
- Innovative Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Slađan Pavlović
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (N.N.); (N.R.); (S.P.)
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Hammami A, Bardaoui A, Eissa S, Elgaher WAM, Chtourou R, Messaoud O. Novel and Extremely Sensitive NiAl 2O 4-NiO Nanostructures on an ITO Sensing Electrode for Enhanced Detection of Ascorbic Acid. Molecules 2024; 29:2837. [PMID: 38930902 PMCID: PMC11206516 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study focused on the design of an extremely sensitive electrochemical sensor of ascorbic acid based on a mixture of NiAl2O4-NiO nanoparticles that, produced in a single step using the sol-gel method, on an ITO electrode. This new sensing platform is useful for the detection of ascorbic acid with a wide range of concentrations extending from the attomolar to the molar. SEM micrographs show the porous structure of the NiAl2O4-NiO sample, with a high specific surface area, which is beneficial for the catalytic performance of the nanocomposite. An XRD diffractogram confirmed the existence of two phases, NiAl2O4 and NiO, both corresponding to the face-centred cubic crystal structure. The performances of the modified electrode, as a biomolecule, in the detection of ascorbic acid was evaluated electrochemically by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The sensor exhibited a sensitive electrocatalytic response at a working potential of E = +0.3 V vs. Ag/Ag Cl, reaching a steady-state current within 30 s after each addition of ascorbic acid solution with a wide dynamic range of concentrations extending from attolevels (10-18 M) to molar (10 mM) and limits of detection and quantification of 1.2 × 10-18 M and 3.96 × 10-18 M, respectively. This detection device was tested for the quantification of ascorbic acid in a 500 mg vitamin C commercialized tablet that was not pre-treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Hammami
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ecole Supérieure des Sciences et Techniques de la Santé de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
- U.R Traitement et Dessalement des Eaux, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, 2092 Manar II, Tunisie, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
| | - Afrah Bardaoui
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Systems for Renewable Energies (LaNSER), Research and Technology Center of Energy (CRTEn), Techno-Park Borj Cedria, Bp 95, Hammam-Lif, Tunis 2050, Tunisia (R.C.)
| | - Shimaa Eissa
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates;
- Center for Catalysis and Separations, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walid A. M. Elgaher
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)—Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany;
| | - Radhouane Chtourou
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Systems for Renewable Energies (LaNSER), Research and Technology Center of Energy (CRTEn), Techno-Park Borj Cedria, Bp 95, Hammam-Lif, Tunis 2050, Tunisia (R.C.)
| | - Olfa Messaoud
- Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El-Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia;
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9
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Haas M, Brandl B, Schinhammer L, Skurk T. Individualized Supplementation of Immunoactive Micronutrients and Severity of Upper Respiratory Infection Symptoms-A Randomized Intervention Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1400. [PMID: 38794638 PMCID: PMC11123851 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Certain micronutrients exhibit immunomodulatory effects. However, no intervention has yet investigated the effect of individualized supplementation on the severity of upper respiratory tract infections (URIs). Therefore, we investigated whether a personalized supplementation moderates the incidence and severity of URI. Selenium, zinc, and vitamin D were measured in dried blood spots from 59 healthy participants. Accordingly, a personalized supplement was provided with or without the respective micronutrients. We used WURSS-21 questionnaires to assess the disease status. The blood values converged during the intervention and micronutrients no longer differed between treated and untreated volunteers at the end of the intervention period. The incidence and severity of the illness did not significantly differ between the groups. However, when analyzing the WURSS-21 scores by the intention to treat, the initially randomized treatment arm revealed a significantly higher score than the placebo arm. Upon acute administration, individualized combinations of selenium, zinc and vitamin D do not reduce the number, or contribute to a milder course of URIs. Therefore, supplementation in acute infectious situations seems questionable. Further studies must address the habitual diet in more detail, to better understand the impact of individual micronutrient status on the prevention of URI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Haas
- ZIEL–Institute for Food and Health, Core Facility Human Studies, Technical University Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Beate Brandl
- ZIEL–Institute for Food and Health, Core Facility Human Studies, Technical University Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Laura Schinhammer
- ZIEL–Institute for Food and Health, Core Facility Human Studies, Technical University Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Skurk
- ZIEL–Institute for Food and Health, Core Facility Human Studies, Technical University Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
- School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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10
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Tariba Lovaković B, Rašeta D, Lazarus M, Jurica K, Živković Semren T, Jurič A, Dramićanin A, Petrinec B, Bulog A, Brčić Karačonji I. Elemental and Radiological Characterisation of Arbutus unedo L. Leaves and Tea: Impact of Preparation Method on Nutritional Risk/Benefit. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04201-9. [PMID: 38702515 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04201-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterise the elemental and radiological composition of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) leaves and tea preparations and compare it with commercial Uvin H herbal mixture, widely used in treatment of urinary tract infections. The concentration of 17 elements and the activity concentration of selected radionuclides were measured in strawberry tree leaves/Uvin H herbal mixture, as well as in herbal tea prepared by infusion or decoction of leaves for 5 or 10 min. In both leaves and tea preparations, Ca, K, Mg, and Na were the most abundant elements, while the lowest levels were measured for As, Co, Mo, and Se. Only 137Cs and 40K were detected in analysed leaves/herbal mixture, while the activity of radionuclides in tea preparations was below the detection limit. The maximum possible health benefits can be obtained by a 10-min decoction of leaves, which resulted in the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity and levels of K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, and Se in comparison to the other preparation methods evaluated in this study. The calculated intake of potentially toxic elements and radionuclides does not represent a health risk to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanka Tariba Lovaković
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Rašeta
- Division of Radiation Protection, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Lazarus
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karlo Jurica
- Special Security Operations Directorate, Ministry of the Interior, Ulica grada Vukovara 33, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tanja Živković Semren
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andreja Jurič
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandra Dramićanin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11158, Serbia
| | - Branko Petrinec
- Division of Radiation Protection, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Crkvena ulica 21, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Bulog
- Department of Health Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Irena Brčić Karačonji
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, Viktora Cara Emina 5, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia.
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11
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Azorín I, Madrid J, Martínez-Miró S, López M, López MB, López MJ, Hernández F. Combined Supplementation of Two Selenium Forms (Organic and Inorganic) and Iodine in Dairy Cows' Diet to Obtain Enriched Milk, Cheese, and Yogurt. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1373. [PMID: 38731376 PMCID: PMC11083049 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation in dairy cows with two Se forms (organic and inorganic) and I at the maximum levels permitted in the European Union, with the aim to obtain naturally enriched milk and derived products. A total of 20 Holstein Friesian cows in lactation were fed 2 diets for 64 days: a control diet with a supply of 0.57 mg of inorganic Se and 0.57 mg of I per kg of ration in dry matter (DM), and an experimental diet (SeI) with a supply of 0.34 mg of inorganic Se, 0.23 mg of organic Se, and 5.68 mg of I per kg of ration in DM. The SeI diet did not modify the performance or, in general, the metabolic profile of cows. Se and I levels in milk were affected by diet type and time of measurement (p < 0.01). Thus, a marked increase of both microminerals was evident between the beginning and the end of the test, when the SeI diet was administered. For Se, this increase ranged from 1.95 to 3.29 μg/100 g of milk; and for I, from 19.69 to 110.06 μg/100 g of milk. The SeI diet increased (p < 0.01) the Se and I content in the cheese, reaching levels of 16.4 μg/100 g for Se and 269.7 μg/100 g for I. An increase in I was observed in yogurt from the SeI diet (p < 0.001). The supplementation of two forms of Se and I in the cows' ration, at the levels evaluated, produced milk and dairy products enriched in these microelements without altering their quality parameters. However, a responsible intake of these products is necessary to avoid risks of deficiencies or excesses that could negatively affect the health of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Azorín
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (I.A.); (S.M.-M.); (M.L.); (M.J.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Josefa Madrid
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (I.A.); (S.M.-M.); (M.L.); (M.J.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Silvia Martínez-Miró
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (I.A.); (S.M.-M.); (M.L.); (M.J.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Marina López
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (I.A.); (S.M.-M.); (M.L.); (M.J.L.); (F.H.)
| | - María Belén López
- Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Miguel José López
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (I.A.); (S.M.-M.); (M.L.); (M.J.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Fuensanta Hernández
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (I.A.); (S.M.-M.); (M.L.); (M.J.L.); (F.H.)
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12
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Kang X, Zhao Y, Yao L, Tan Z. Explainable machine learning for predicting the geographical origin of Chinese Oysters via mineral elements analysis. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100738. [PMID: 38659973 PMCID: PMC11039350 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The traceability of geographic origin is essential for guaranteeing the quality, safety, and protection of oyster brands. However, the current outcomes of traceability lack credibility as they do not adequately explain the model's predictions. Consequently, we conducted a study to evaluate the efficacy of utilizing explainable machine learning combined with mineral elements analysis. The study findings revealed that 18 elements have the ability to determine regional orientation. Simultaneously, individuals should pay closer attention to the potential risks associated with oyster consumption due to the regional differences in essential and toxic elements they contain. Light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) model exhibited indistinguishable performance, achieving flawless accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score and AUC, with values of 96.77%, 96.43%, 98.53%, 97.32% and 0.998, respectively. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was used to evaluate the output of the LightGBM model, revealing differences in feature interactions among oysters from different provinces. Specifically, the features Na, Zn, V, Mg, and K were found to have a significant impact on the predictive process of the model. Consistent with existing research, the use of explainable machine learning techniques can provide insights into the complex connections between important product attributes and relevant geographical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuming Kang
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhijun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
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13
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Li JM, Bai YZ, Zhang SQ. Considerations for Chinese tolerable upper intake level for selenium. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:485-486. [PMID: 38103165 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Meng Li
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ya-Zhi Bai
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuang-Qing Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China.
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14
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Kapper C, Oppelt P, Ganhör C, Gyunesh AA, Arbeithuber B, Stelzl P, Rezk-Füreder M. Minerals and the Menstrual Cycle: Impacts on Ovulation and Endometrial Health. Nutrients 2024; 16:1008. [PMID: 38613041 PMCID: PMC11013220 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of minerals in female fertility, particularly in relation to the menstrual cycle, presents a complex area of study that underscores the interplay between nutrition and reproductive health. This narrative review aims to elucidate the impacts of minerals on key aspects of the reproductive system: hormonal regulation, ovarian function and ovulation, endometrial health, and oxidative stress. Despite the attention given to specific micronutrients in relation to reproductive disorders, there is a noticeable absence of a comprehensive review focusing on the impact of minerals throughout the menstrual cycle on female fertility. This narrative review aims to address this gap by examining the influence of minerals on reproductive health. Each mineral's contribution is explored in detail to provide a clearer picture of its importance in supporting female fertility. This comprehensive analysis not only enhances our knowledge of reproductive health but also offers clinicians valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies and the recommended intake of minerals to promote female reproductive well-being, considering the menstrual cycle. This review stands as the first to offer such a detailed examination of minerals in the context of the menstrual cycle, aiming to elevate the understanding of their critical role in female fertility and reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Kapper
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (C.K.); (P.O.); (B.A.)
| | - Peter Oppelt
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (C.K.); (P.O.); (B.A.)
- Department for Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Clara Ganhör
- Division of Pathophysiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria
- Clinical Research Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Ayberk Alp Gyunesh
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (C.K.); (P.O.); (B.A.)
| | - Barbara Arbeithuber
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (C.K.); (P.O.); (B.A.)
| | - Patrick Stelzl
- Department for Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Marlene Rezk-Füreder
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (C.K.); (P.O.); (B.A.)
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15
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Perri G, Mathers JC, Martin-Ruiz C, Parker C, Walsh JS, Eastell R, Demircan K, Chillon TS, Schomburg L, Robinson L, Hill TR. Selenium status and its determinants in very old adults: insights from the Newcastle 85+ Study. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:901-910. [PMID: 37877251 PMCID: PMC10864996 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
There is a dearth of data on Se status in very old adults. The aims of this study were to assess Se status and its determinants in 85-year-olds living in the Northeast of England by measuring serum Se and selenoprotein P (SELENOP) concentrations and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) activity. A secondary aim was to examine the interrelationships between each of the biomarkers. In total, 757 participants (463 women, 293 men) from the Newcastle 85+ Study were included. Biomarker concentrations were compared with selected cut-offs (serum Se: suboptimal 70 µg/l and deficient 45 µg/l; SELENOP: suboptimal 4·5 mg/l and deficient 2·6 mg/l). Determinants were assessed using linear regressions, and interrelationships were assessed using restricted cubic splines. Median (inter-quartile range) concentrations of serum Se, SELENOP and of GPx3 activity were 53·6 (23·6) µg/l, 2·9 (1·9) mg/l and 142·1 (50·7) U/l, respectively. Eighty-two percentage and 83 % of participants had suboptimal serum Se (< 70 µg/l) and SELENOP (< 4·5 mg/l), and 31 % and 40 % of participants had deficient serum Se (< 45 µg/l) and SELENOP (< 2·6 mg/l), respectively. Protein intake was a significant determinant of Se status. Additional determinants of serum Se were sex, waist:hip ratio, self-rated health and disease, while sex, BMI and physical activity were determinants of GPx3 activity. There was a linear association between serum Se and SELENOP, and nonlinear associations between serum Se and GPx3 activity and between SELENOP and GPx3 activity. These findings indicate that most participants had suboptimal Se status to saturate circulating SELENOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Perri
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE2 4HH, UK
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE2 4HH, UK
| | - John C. Mathers
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE2 4HH, UK
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE2 4HH, UK
| | - Carmen Martin-Ruiz
- BioScreening Core Facility, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE4 5PL, UK
| | - Craig Parker
- BioScreening Core Facility, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE4 5PL, UK
| | - Jennifer S. Walsh
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE2 4HH, UK
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, SheffieldS5 7AU, UK
| | - Richard Eastell
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE2 4HH, UK
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, SheffieldS5 7AU, UK
| | - Kamil Demircan
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin10115, Germany
| | - Thilo S. Chillon
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin10115, Germany
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin10115, Germany
| | - Louise Robinson
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE2 4HH, UK
| | - Tom R. Hill
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE2 4HH, UK
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE2 4HH, UK
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16
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Wesolowska M, Yeates AJ, McSorley EM, Watson GE, van Wijngaarden E, Bodin N, Govinden R, Jean-Baptiste J, Desnousse S, Shamlaye CF, Myers GJ, Strain JJ, Mulhern MS. Dietary selenium and mercury intakes from fish consumption during pregnancy: Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 2. Neurotoxicology 2024; 101:1-5. [PMID: 38135192 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Some health agencies have issued precautionary principle fish advisories to pregnant women based on the presence of methylmercury (MeHg) in fish that could possibly be harmful to the developing fetus. Fish, however, is a rich source of selenium (Se) and other nutrients essential for normal brain development. Selenium is also thought to have a key role in alleviating MeHg toxicity. We estimated the dietary Se and MeHg intakes and dietary Se:Hg molar ratios from the fish consumed in a high fish-eating pregnant cohort where no adverse associations of fish consumption and outcomes has been reported. We used dietary data collected as part of the Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 2 (n = 1419). In this cohort 98% of participants consumed fish, with an average intake of 106.2 g per day. Daily Se intakes from fish consumption were 61.6 µg/ d, within the range recommended during pregnancy. The mean dietary Se:Hg molar ratios was 6. These findings demonstrate that fish consumption exposes pregnant Seychellois women to Se in excess of MeHg. Based on these findings, fish consumption, especially fish with Se:Hg ratios above 1, may help pregnant women achieve optimum dietary Se intakes, which may protect against MeHg toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wesolowska
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Alison J Yeates
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Emeir M McSorley
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Gene E Watson
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, New York, United States
| | | | - Nathalie Bodin
- Seychelles Fishing Authority (SFA), Fishing Port, Victoria, Mahé, Republic of Seychelles
| | - Rodney Govinden
- Seychelles Fishing Authority (SFA), Fishing Port, Victoria, Mahé, Republic of Seychelles
| | - Juddy Jean-Baptiste
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; The Ministry of Health, Mahé, Republic of Seychelles
| | | | | | - Gary J Myers
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, New York, United States
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Maria S Mulhern
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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Huwiler VV, Maissen-Abgottspon S, Stanga Z, Mühlebach S, Trepp R, Bally L, Bano A. Selenium Supplementation in Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Thyroid 2024; 34:295-313. [PMID: 38243784 PMCID: PMC10951571 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2023.0556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Background: Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in iodine-sufficient areas. Selenium is an essential trace element required for thyroid hormone synthesis and exerts antioxidant effects. Therefore, it may be of relevance in the management of HT. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of selenium supplementation on thyroid function (thyrotropin [TSH], free and total thyroxine [fT4, T4], free and total triiodothyronine [fT3, T3]), thyroid antibodies (thyroid peroxidase antibodies [TPOAb], thyroglobulin antibodies [TGAb], thyrotropin receptor antibody [TRAb]), ultrasound findings (echogenicity, thyroid volume), immune markers, patient-reported outcomes, and adverse events in HT. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022308377). We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINHAL, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Trials from inception to January 2023 and searched citations of eligible studies. Two independent authors reviewed and coded the identified literature. The primary outcome was TSH in patients without thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT); the others were considered secondary outcomes. We synthesized the results as standardized mean differences (SMD) or odds ratio (OR), assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool, and rated the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results: We screened 687 records and included 35 unique studies. Our meta-analysis found that selenium supplementation decreased TSH in patients without THRT (SMD -0.21 [confidence interval, CI -0.43 to -0.02]; 7 cohorts, 869 participants; I2 = 0%). In addition, TPOAb (SMD -0.96 [CI -1.36 to -0.56]; 29 cohorts; 2358 participants; I2 = 90%) and malondialdehyde (MDA; SMD -1.16 [CI -2.29 to -0.02]; 3 cohorts; 248 participants; I2 = 85%) decreased in patients with and without THRT. Adverse effects were comparable between the intervention and control groups (OR 0.89 [CI 0.46 to 1.75]; 16 cohorts; 1339 participants; I2 = 0%). No significant changes were observed in fT4, T4, fT3, T3, TGAb, thyroid volume, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-10. Overall, certainty of evidence was moderate. Conclusions: In people with HT without THRT, selenium was effective and safe in lowering TSH, TPOAb, and MDA levels. Indications for lowering TPOAb were found independent of THRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina V. Huwiler
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Maissen-Abgottspon
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Zeno Stanga
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Mühlebach
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roman Trepp
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lia Bally
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arjola Bano
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Arisekar U, Shalini R, Jeya Shakila R, Abuthagir Iburahim S, Anantharaja K, Bharathi Rathinam R, Sundhar S. Selenium and mercury concentration, Se/Hg molar ratio and risk-benefit assessment of marine fish consumption: Human health risks and protective role of Se against Hg toxicity. Food Res Int 2024; 180:114086. [PMID: 38395583 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the concentrations of Se and Hg in marine fish along the Gulf of Mannar (southeast coast of India) and to assess related risks and risk-based consumption limits for children, pregnant women, and adults. Se concentrations in pelagic and benthic fish ranged from 0.278 to 0.470 mg/kg and 0.203 to 0.294 mg/kg, respectively, whereas Hg concentrations ranged from 0.028 to 0.106 mg/kg and 0.026 to 0.097 mg/kg, respectively. Se and Hg contents in demersal fish (Nemipterus japonicus) were 0.282 and 0.039 mg/kg, respectively. The lowest and highest Hg concentrations in pelagic fish were found in Scomberomorus commersoni and Euthynnus affinis whereas the lowest and highest Se concentrations in benthic fish were found in Scarus ghobban and Siganus javus. Se concentrations in marine fishes were found in the following order: pelagic > demersal > benthic whereas Hg concentrations were found in the following order: pelagic > benthic > demersal. The presence of Se in fish was positively correlated with trophic level (TL) and size whereas that of Hg was weakly correlated with TL and habitat and negatively correlated with size. Se risk-benefit analysis, the AI/RDI (actual intake/recommended daily intake) ratio was > 100 % and the AI/UL (upper limit) ratio was < 100 %, indicating that all fish have sufficient levels of Se to meet daily requirements without exceeding the UL. Hg level was below the maximum residual limit (MRL) of 0.5 mg/kg for most fish but it was 1 mg/kg in E. affinis and Lethrinus lentjan. The target hazard quotient (THQ < 1) and hazard index (HI < 1) imply that the consumption of fish poses no noncarcinogenic health risks. However, all examined fish had a mean Se/Hg molar ratio > 1, indicating that human intake of fishwas rather safe relative to Hg content. Health benefit indexes (Se-HBV and HBVse) with high positive values in all fish supported the protective effect of Se against Hg toxicity, suggesting the overall safety of fish consumption. The high Se/Hg ratio in fish could be attributed to the replacement of Se bound to Hg, thereby suppressing Hg toxicity and maintaining normal selenoprotein synthesis. This insight is useful for a better understanding of food safety analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulaganathan Arisekar
- Fisheries College and Research Institute (FC&RI), Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University (TNJFU), Tuticorin 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Rajendran Shalini
- Fisheries College and Research Institute (FC&RI), Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University (TNJFU), Tuticorin 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Robinson Jeya Shakila
- Fisheries College and Research Institute (FC&RI), Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University (TNJFU), Tuticorin 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kanagaraja Anantharaja
- Regional Research Centre of ICAR - Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bengaluru 560 089, Karnataka, India
| | - R Bharathi Rathinam
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400 061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shanmugam Sundhar
- Fisheries College and Research Institute (FC&RI), Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University (TNJFU), Tuticorin 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India
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19
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Mutonhodza B, Dembedza MP, Joy EJM, Manzeke-Kangara MG, Njovo H, Nyadzayo TK, Lark RM, Kalimbira AA, Bailey EH, Broadley MR, Matsungo TM, Chopera P. Urine Se concentration poorly predicts plasma Se concentration at sub-district scales in Zimbabwe, limiting its value as a biomarker of population Se status. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1288748. [PMID: 38385014 PMCID: PMC10879291 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1288748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The current study investigated the value of urine selenium (Se) concentration as a biomarker of population Se status in rural sub-Saharan Africa. Method Urine and plasma Se concentrations were measured among children aged 6-59 months (n = 608) and women of reproductive age (WRA, n = 781) living in rural Zimbabwe (Murehwa, Shamva, and Mutasa districts) and participating in a pilot national micronutrient survey. Selenium concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and urine concentrations were corrected for hydration status. Results The median (Q1, Q3) urine Se concentrations were 8.4 μg/L (5.3, 13.5) and 10.5 μg/L (6.5, 15.2) in children and WRA, respectively. There was moderate evidence for a relationship between urine Se concentration and plasma Se concentration in children (p = 0.0236) and WRA (p = < 0.0001), but the relationship had poor predictive value. Using previously defined thresholds for optimal activity of iodothyronine deiodinase (IDI), there was an association between deficiency when indicated by plasma Se concentrations and urine Se concentrations among WRA, but not among children. Discussion Urine Se concentration poorly predicted plasma Se concentration at sub-district scales in Zimbabwe, limiting its value as a biomarker of population Se status in this context. Further research is warranted at wider spatial scales to determine the value of urine Se as a biomarker when there is greater heterogeneity in Se exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beaula Mutonhodza
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Mavis P. Dembedza
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Edward J. M. Joy
- London School for Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | | | - Handrea Njovo
- National Nutrition Unit, Ministry of Health and Child Care of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Tasiana K. Nyadzayo
- National Nutrition Unit, Ministry of Health and Child Care of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - R. Murray Lark
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander A. Kalimbira
- Department of Human Nutrition and Health, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Elizabeth H. Bailey
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Martin R. Broadley
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Tonderayi M. Matsungo
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Prosper Chopera
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
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20
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Alexander J, Olsen AK. Selenium - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2023; 67:10320. [PMID: 38187789 PMCID: PMC10770655 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v67.10320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element in humans, critical to the normal physiology in all animal species. The main form of selenium in food is selenomethionine, selenocysteine and a variety of organic compounds, while inorganic salts mainly occur in food supplements. In animals and humans, selenium occurs as selenocysteine in selenoproteins encoded by 25 genes (specific selenium pool). Several selenoproteins are part of the antioxidant enzyme system and serve as oxido-reductases and in thyroid hormone regulation. SelenoproteinP (SELENOP) transports selenium to peripheral tissues, is the main plasma selenoprotein, and has been used as biomarker of selenium status and intake. SELENOP in plasma represents a saturable pool of selenium and is maximised at a selenium concentration in plasma of about 110 µg/L or an intake of selenomethionine at about 1.2 µg/kg body weight in adults. In Finland, with an estimated selenium intake of 88 µg/day in men and 68 µg/day in women, the average selenium concentration in plasma is about 110 µg/L. Imported wheat from selenium rich areas is an important dietary source in Norway. Dietary intakes in the Nordic and Baltic area vary from 39 to 88 µg/day in men and 22 to 68 µg/day in women, the highest levels were from Finland. Most intervention trials on the effect of selenium supplementation on health outcomes have been carried out in 'selenium-replete'-populations and show no beneficial effect, which from a nutritional point of view would rather not be expected. Some intervention studies conducted in populations low in selenium have showed a beneficial effect. Observational studies suggest an inverse relationship between selenium status and risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer and all-cause mortality, and some other outcomes at low levels of intake (<55 µg/day) or in plasma or serum (<100 µg/L). However, a lack of quantitative data and inconsistencies between studies precludes these studies to be used to derive dietary reference values. At high intakes above 330 to 450 µg/day selenium may cause toxic effects affecting liver, peripheral nerves, skin, nails, and hair. An upper tolerable level (UL) of 255 µg selenium/day in adults was established by EFSA.
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21
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De Simone R, Ajmone-Cat MA, Tartaglione AM, Calamandrei G, Minghetti L. Maternal suboptimal selenium intake and low-level lead exposure affect offspring's microglial immune profile and its reactivity to a subsequent inflammatory hit. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21448. [PMID: 38052845 PMCID: PMC10698039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45613-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Micronutrients such as selenium (Se) are essentials since prenatal life to support brain and cognitive development. Se deficiency, which affects up to 1 billion people worldwide, can interact with common adverse environmental challenges including (Pb), exacerbating their toxic effects. Exploiting our recently validated rat model of maternal Se restriction and developmental low Pb exposure, our aims were to investigate: (i) the early consequences of suboptimal Se intake and low-Pb exposure on neuroinflammation in neonates' whole brains; (ii) the potential priming effect of suboptimal Se and low-Pb exposure on offspring's glial reactivity to a further inflammatory hit. To these aims female rats were fed with suboptimal (0.04 mg/kg; Subopt) and optimal (0.15 mg/kg; Opt) Se dietary levels throughout pregnancy and lactation and exposed or not to environmentally relevant Pb dose in drinking water (12.5 µg/mL) since 4 weeks pre-mating. We found an overall higher basal expression of inflammatory markers in neonatal brains, as well as in purified microglia and organotypic hippocampal slice cultures, from the Subopt Se offspring. Subopt/Pb cultures were highly activated than Subopt cultures and showed a higher susceptibility to the inflammatory challenge lipopolysaccharide than cultures from the Opt groups. We demonstrate that even a mild Se deficiency and low-Pb exposure during brain development can influence the neuroinflammatory tone of microglia, exacerbate the toxic effects of Pb and prime microglial reactivity to subsequent inflammatory stimuli. These neuroinflammatory changes may be responsible, at least in part, for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R De Simone
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - M A Ajmone-Cat
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A M Tartaglione
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - G Calamandrei
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - L Minghetti
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
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22
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Wesolowska M, Yeates AJ, McSorley EM, van Wijngaarden E, Shamlaye CF, Myers GJ, Strain JJ, Mulhern MS. Potential role of selenium in modifying the effect of maternal methylmercury exposure on child neurodevelopment - A review. Neurotoxicology 2023; 99:59-69. [PMID: 37659579 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for normal neurodevelopment. It is incorporated into multiple selenoenzymes which have roles in the brain and neurological function, the synthesis of thyroid hormones, the antioxidant defense system, DNA synthesis, and reproduction. Fish is a source of both Se and neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg). Selenium is known to ameliorate the effects of MeHg in experimental animals, but studies in children exposed to both Se and MeHg through prenatal fish consumption have been inconclusive. Research on Se's implications for pregnancy and child neurodevelopment is limited. The aims of this review are to summarize the literature on the biological roles of Se during pregnancy and the potential role in mitigating the effects of MeHg exposure from fish consumption on human health. This review has shown that Se concentrations among pregnant women globally appear insufficient, with the majority of pregnant women reporting Se concentrations below 70 µg/L during pregnancy. The role of Se in child development and its interactions with MeHg in children are inconclusive. Further investigation of the interaction between Se and MeHg in relation to child neurodevelopment in high fish-eating populations is required to fully elucidate effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wesolowska
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Alison J Yeates
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Emeir M McSorley
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | | | | | - Gary J Myers
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, New York, United States
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Maria S Mulhern
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
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23
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Henjum S, Groufh-Jacobsen S, Aakre I, Gjengedal ELF, Langfjord MM, Heen E, Sele V, Andersson M. Thyroid function and urinary concentrations of iodine, selenium, and arsenic in vegans, lacto-ovo vegetarians and pescatarians. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:3329-3338. [PMID: 37592132 PMCID: PMC10611878 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Populations following a plant-based diet may be at particular risk of thyroid dysfunction due to low iodine and selenium intakes. The main purpose was to assess thyroid function and urinary concentration of iodine, selenium, and arsenic, in subjects following a vegan, lacto-ovo vegetarian, or pescatarian diet. METHODS In Norway, a country without mandatory dietary iodine fortification, 205 adults, following vegan (n = 115), lacto-ovo vegetarian (n = 55) and pescatarian diet (n = 35) were included. Thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and serum anti-TPO (S-anti-TPO) were measured in a venous blood sample and concentrations of iodine (UIC), creatinine (UCC), selenium, and arsenic were measured from single spot urine samples. RESULTS Subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH > 4.0 mU/L) was observed in 3% of subjects. The overall median (p25, p75) Tg was 17 (9, 30) µg/L and vegans had higher Tg compared to pescatarians. Vegans not consuming iodine-containing supplements (n = 43) had higher Tg, than supplement users (n = 72), 27 (11, 44) vs. 16 (8, 25) µg/L and higher fT4, 16 (15, 17) vs. 15 (14, 17) pmol/L, respectively. The overall median UIC was 57 (28, 130) µg/L, all dietary groups had median UIC below WHO thresholds. Median urinary selenium and arsenic concentration was 13 (6, 22) and 3 (2, 8) µg/L, respectively. CONCLUSION The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was low and fT4 and fT3 were within the normal range for all dietary groups. Vegans had significantly increased Tg compared to pescatarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun Henjum
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Kunnskapsveien 55, 2007 Kjeller, 0130, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Synne Groufh-Jacobsen
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Science, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, 4630, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Inger Aakre
- Department of Marine Toxicology, Institute of Marine Research, 5817, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elin Lovise Folven Gjengedal
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Mina Marthinsen Langfjord
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Espen Heen
- Institute of Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Veronika Sele
- Department of Marine Toxicology, Institute of Marine Research, 5817, Bergen, Norway
| | - Maria Andersson
- Nutrition Research Unit, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
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24
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Qin Y, Huang C, Huang G, Li H, Shohag MJI, Gu M, Shen F, Lu D, Zhang M, Wei Y. Relative bioavailability of selenium in rice using a rat model and its application to human health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122675. [PMID: 37793540 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Deficiencies of selenium (Se), a necessary microelement for humans, can be remedied by appropriately supplying Se-enriched rice. However, overconsumption of Se-enriched rice poses a potential risk. To accurately assess Se human health risks associated with Se-enriched rice consumption, we developed a rat in vivo model to systematically explore the relative bioavailability of Se (Se-RBA) from Se-enriched rice from a wide geographic range. Se concentrations were in the range of 0.06 ± 0.05 to 0.15 ± 0.15 mg kg-1, averaging 0.12 ± 0.11 mg kg-1, in 196 rice samples from 21 Chinese provinces, and selenomethionine (SeMet) was the dominant Se fraction (58.0-96.5%). The Se-RBA of Se-enriched rice calculated from urine ranged from 34.86% to 102.29%, averaging 62.27% (n = 12), and was positively correlated with the proportion of SeMet in rice (p < 0.05, R2 = 0.51). Furthermore, the Se intake calculated based on the Se-RBA indicated that the Se intake of consumers of Se-enriched rice was far less than the tolerable upper intake level. Thus, the limits established by law assume overestimates of the actual nutritional value of the Se content in Se-enriched rice, and it is important to consider Se bioavailability. The current study offers suggestions for future research and provides methods to reduce the uncertainty in estimating the health risks associated with Se intake from rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Caicheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Guirong Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - M J I Shohag
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh; Department of Soil, Water and Ecosystem Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, Florida, 34945, USA
| | - Minghua Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Fangke Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Dan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Mingfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yanyan Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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25
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Souza MCO, Souza JMO, da Costa BRB, Gonzalez N, Rocha BA, Cruz JC, Guida Y, Souza VCO, Nadal M, Domingo JL, Barbosa F. Levels of organic pollutants and metals/metalloids in infant formula marketed in Brazil: Risks to early-life health. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113594. [PMID: 37986457 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Infant formula intake is recommended to ensure comprehensive nutritional and caloric fulfillment when exclusive breastfeeding is not possible. However, similarly to breast milk, infant formulas may also contain pollutants capable of inducing endocrine-disrupting and neurotoxic effects. Thus, considering the sensitivity of their developing physiological systems and that infants have heightened susceptibility to environmental influences, this study was aimed at assessing the contents of essential elements, and inorganic and organic pollutants in infant formulas marketed in Brazil. Additionally, health risk assessments for selected contaminants were also performed. Measured contents of essential elements (Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Cu, Se, and Zn) were congruent with label information. Nevertheless, some toxic elements (Pb, Cd, As, Ni, and Al) were also detected. Notably, in the upper-bound scenario, Pb and Cd surpassed established threshold values when comparing the estimated daily intake (EDI) and tolerable daily intake (TDI - 3.57 and 0.36 μg/kg bw, respectively). Bisphenol P (BPP) and benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) were frequently detected (84 % detection rate both) with elevated contents (BPP median = 4.28 ng/g and BBP median = 0.24 ng/g). Furthermore, a positive correlation (0.41) was observed between BPP and BBP, implying a potential co-occurrence within packaging materials. Methyl-paraben also correlated positively with BBP (0.57), showing a detection rate of 53 %. The cumulative PBDE contents ranged from 0.33 to 1.62 ng/g, with BDE-154 and BDE-47 the dominant congeners. When comparing EDI values with TDIs, all organic pollutants remained below the thresholds across all exposure scenarios. Moreover, non-carcinogenic risks were below the threshold (HQ > 1) when dividing the EDIs by the respective reference doses for chronic exposure. While the current findings may suggest that infant formula intake poses no immediate risk in terms of the evaluated chemicals, it remains imperative to conduct further research to safeguard the health of infants considering other chemicals, as well as their potential cumulative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Café s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Maria Oliveira Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Institute, University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Ruiz Brandão da Costa
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Forensic Toxicology Analysis Laboratory, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900 - Monte Alegre, 14015-130, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil; University of Sao Paulo, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Botany, Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-090 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neus Gonzalez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bruno Alves Rocha
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Café s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonas Carneiro Cruz
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Café s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yago Guida
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cristina Oliveira Souza
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Café s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martí Nadal
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José L Domingo
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Café s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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26
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Mehta R, Krupa C, Ahmed T, Hamer DH, Al Mahmud A. Associations between maternal and infant selenium status and child growth in a birth cohort from Dhaka, Bangladesh. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1558-1572. [PMID: 36944370 PMCID: PMC10551473 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Deficiency of essential trace element, Se, has been implicated in adverse birth outcomes and in child linear growth because of its important role in redox biology and associated antioxidant effects. We used data from a randomised controlled trial conducted among a cohort of pregnant and lactating women in Dhaka, Bangladesh to examine associations between Se biomarkers in whole blood (WBSe), serum and selenoprotein P (SEPP1) in maternal delivery and venous cord (VC) blood. Associations between Se biomarkers, birth weight and infant growth outcomes (age-adjusted length, weight, head circumference and weight-for-length z-scores) at birth, 1 and 2 years of age were examined using regression analyses. WB and serum Se were negatively associated with birth weight (adjusted β, 95 % CI, WBSe delivery: −26·6 (–44·3, −8·9); WBSe VC: −19·6 (–33·0, −6·1)); however, delivery SEPP1 levels (adjusted β: −37·5 (–73·0, −2·0)) and VC blood (adjusted β: 82·3 (30·0, 134·7)) showed inconsistent and opposite associations with birth weight. Positive associations for SEPP1 VC suggest preferential transfer from mother to fetus. We found small associations between infant growth and WBSe VC (length-for-age z-score β, 95 % CI, at birth: −0·05 (–0·1, −0·01)); 12 months (β: −0·05 (–0·08, −0·007)). Weight-for-age z-score also showed weak negative associations with delivery WBSe (at birth: −0·07 (–0·1, −0·02); 12 -months: −0·05 (–0·1, −0·005)) and in WBSe VC (at birth: −0·05 (–0·08, −0·02); 12 months: −0·05 (–0·09, −0·004)). Given the fine balance between essential nutritional and toxic properties of Se, it is possible that WB and serum Se may negatively impact growth outcomes, both in utero and postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukshan Mehta
- Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christine Krupa
- Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tahmeed Ahmed
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Davidson H. Hamer
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abdullah Al Mahmud
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Dobrzyńska M, Kaczmarek K, Przysławski J, Drzymała-Czyż S. Selenium in Infants and Preschool Children Nutrition: A Literature Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4668. [PMID: 37960322 PMCID: PMC10648445 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se), an essential trace element, is fundamental to human health, playing an important role in the formation of thyroid hormones, DNA synthesis, the immune response, and fertility. There is a lack of comprehensive epidemiological research, particularly the serum Se concetration in healthy infants and preschool children compared to the estimated dietary Se intake. However, Se deficiencies and exceeding the UL have been observed in infants and preschool children. Despite the observed irregularities in Se intake, there is a lack of nutritional recommendations for infants and preschool children. Therefore, the main objective of this literature review was to summarize what is known to date about Se levels and the risk of deficiency related to regular consumption in infants and preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sławomira Drzymała-Czyż
- Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Rokietnicka 3 Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (M.D.); (K.K.); (J.P.)
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28
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Verstegen J, Günther K. Ubiquitous Occurrence of Nano Selenium in Food Plants. Foods 2023; 12:3203. [PMID: 37685136 PMCID: PMC10487048 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element in human nutrition. Recent findings suggest that the biosynthesis of selenium nano particles (SeNPs) in plants might be a ubiquitous phenomenon. We investigated the potential of SeNP biosynthesis in food plants and our core objective was to explore the commonness and possible ubiquitousness of nano selenium in food plants and consequently in the human diet. By growing a variety of plants in controlled conditions and the presence of selenite we found strong evidence that SeNPs are widely present in vegetables. The shoots and roots of seven different plants, and additionally Brazil nuts, were analyzed with single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with a focus on edible plants including herbs and salads. SeNPs were found in every plant of our study, hence we conclude, that SeNPs are common ingredients in plant-based food and are therefore eaten daily by most humans. Considering the concerning worldwide prevalence of selenium deficiency and the great physiological properties of SeNPs, we see a high potential in utilizing this discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Verstegen
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Günther
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Research Centre Juelich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2, Plant Sciences, 52428 Jülich, Germany
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Bretón I, Ballesteros-Pomar MD, Calle-Pascual A, Alvarez-Sala LA, Rubio-Herrera MA. Micronutrients in Pregnancy after Bariatric Surgery: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5429. [PMID: 37629473 PMCID: PMC10455502 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery is increasingly used in women of childbearing age due to the rising prevalence of obesity and the effectiveness and availability of this treatment. Pregnancy in women with previous bariatric surgery deserves special attention. Weight loss induced by surgery reduces the risks that obesity poses to pregnancy. But on the other hand, decreased intake and malabsorption may increase the risk of malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency and negatively affect maternal and foetal health. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an updated analysis of the impact of different bariatric surgery techniques on mineral and micronutrient nutritional status during pregnancy and the possible effect on maternal-foetal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bretón
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María D. Ballesteros-Pomar
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, 24008 León, Spain
| | - Alfonso Calle-Pascual
- Department of Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Antonio Alvarez-Sala
- Department of Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Rubio-Herrera
- Department of Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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30
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LeBlanc KL, Hörndli G, Bergeron MA, Zhang Z, Denoncourt P, Mester Z. 82Se Metabolically-Labeled Yeast as a Matrix-Matched Isotope Dilution Standard for Quantification of Selenomethionine. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11583-11588. [PMID: 37499220 PMCID: PMC10413320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Selenized yeast is commonly used as a highly bioavailable source of selenium in dietary supplements and feed additives and is used in research settings in various disciplines due to the large number of selenium-containing metabolites formed during growth. With the selenomethionine being the major form of selenium present in selenized yeasts, its accurate quantitation is essential, however, values are frequently underestimated due to the costly and time-consuming hydrolysis-based sample preparation required to release the selenoamino acid from proteins for analysis. The National Research Council Canada has developed an 82-Se-enriched selenized yeast Certified Reference Material, SEEY-1 (DOI: 10.4224/crm.2023.seey-1) intended to be used as a matrix-matched spike material for isotope dilution analysis of selenized yeasts. The total selenium and selenomethionine contents of SEEY-1 were determined to be 322.1 ± 4.8 mg/kg (k = 2) and 635.6 ± 16.8 mg/kg (k = 2), respectively. Here we present results on the preparation of the 82-Se-enriched yeast, the certification process, and provide an example of the use of SEEY-1 as a matrix-matched spike for the analysis of selenomethionine in a sample of selenized yeast. We demonstrate here that SEEY-1 is able to compensate for the partial digestion of yeast proteins and provide reliable analytical data on Se amino acid content in under an hour instead of the 16 hours required for conventional complete acid hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L. LeBlanc
- Metrology
Research Centre, National Research Council
Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Grégoire Hörndli
- Human
Health and Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montréal, Québec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Bergeron
- Human
Health and Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montréal, Québec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Zhigen Zhang
- Lallemand
Inc. 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montréal, Québec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Patrick Denoncourt
- Agriculture
and Agri-Food Canada, 3600 Casavant Blvd. W., St-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 8E3, Canada
| | - Zoltán Mester
- Metrology
Research Centre, National Research Council
Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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Ureta-Velasco N, Montealegre-Pomar A, Keller K, Escuder-Vieco D, Fontecha J, Calvo MV, Megino-Tello J, Serrano JCE, García-Lara NR, Pallás-Alonso CR. Associations of Dietary Intake and Nutrient Status with Micronutrient and Lipid Composition in Breast Milk of Donor Women. Nutrients 2023; 15:3486. [PMID: 37571421 PMCID: PMC10421487 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of the diet and nutritional status of milk donors on the nutritional composition of donor human milk (DHM) is unknown. The present study aimed to determine the nutritional profile of DHM and the associations between donors' dietary intake and nutritional status and the micronutrient and lipid composition in DHM. For this purpose, 113 donors completed a food frequency questionnaire, provided a five-day weighed dietary record, and collected milk for five consecutive days. Nutrient determinations in donors' erythrocytes, plasma, urine, and milk were performed. Multiple linear regressions were conducted for the evaluation of the associations. We highlight the following results: DHM docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was positively associated with donors' plasma DHA content and donors' DHA intake (R2 0.45, p < 0.001). For every 1 g/day DHA intake, an increase of 0.38% in DHA content and 0.78% in total omega-3 content was observed in DHM (R2 0.29, p < 0.001). DHM saturated fatty acids were positively associated with erythrocyte dimethyl acetals, plasma stearic acid, trans fatty acids intake, and breastfeeding duration and negatively associated with erythrocyte margaroleic acid (R2 0.34, p < 0.01). DHM cholecalciferol was associated with plasma cholecalciferol levels and dairy intake (R2 0.57, p < 0.01). Other weaker associations were found for free thiamin, free riboflavin, pyridoxal, dehydroascorbic acid, and the lipid profile in DHM. In conclusion, the diet and nutritional status of donors influence the fatty acid profile and micronutrient content of DHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Ureta-Velasco
- Department of Neonatology, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (N.R.G.-L.); (C.R.P.-A.)
- Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (K.K.); (D.E.-V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana Montealegre-Pomar
- Epidemiología Clínica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá 110231, Colombia;
| | - Kristin Keller
- Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (K.K.); (D.E.-V.)
- “Aladina-MGU”—Regional Human Milk Bank, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Escuder-Vieco
- Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (K.K.); (D.E.-V.)
- “Aladina-MGU”—Regional Human Milk Bank, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fontecha
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (J.F.); (M.V.C.); (J.M.-T.)
| | - María V. Calvo
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (J.F.); (M.V.C.); (J.M.-T.)
| | - Javier Megino-Tello
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (J.F.); (M.V.C.); (J.M.-T.)
| | - José C. E. Serrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, 25008 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Nadia Raquel García-Lara
- Department of Neonatology, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (N.R.G.-L.); (C.R.P.-A.)
- Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (K.K.); (D.E.-V.)
- “Aladina-MGU”—Regional Human Milk Bank, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen R. Pallás-Alonso
- Department of Neonatology, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (N.R.G.-L.); (C.R.P.-A.)
- Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (K.K.); (D.E.-V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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32
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Mutonhodza B, Chagumaira C, Dembedza MP, Joy EJM, Manzeke-Kangara MG, Njovo H, Nyadzayo TK, Lark RM, Kalimbira AA, Bailey EH, Broadley MR, Matsungo TM, Chopera P. A pilot survey of selenium status and its geospatial variation among children and women in three rural districts of Zimbabwe. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1235113. [PMID: 37497053 PMCID: PMC10367098 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1235113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Selenium (Se) deficiency is increasingly recognized as a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods The current cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence and geospatial patterns of Se deficiency among children aged 6-59 months (n = 741) and women of 15-49 years old (n = 831) selected by simple random sampling in rural Zimbabwe (Murewa, Shamva, and Mutasa districts). Venous blood samples were collected and stored according to World Health Organization guidelines. Plasma Se concentration was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results Median, Q1, and Q3 plasma Se concentrations were 61.2, 48.7, and 73.3 μg/L for women and 40.5, 31.3, and 49.5 μg/L for children, respectively. Low plasma Se concentrations (9.41 μg/L in children and 10.20 μg/L in women) indicative of severe Se deficiency risk was observed. Overall, 94.6% of children and 69.8% of women had sub-optimal Se status defined by plasma Se concentrations of <64.8 μg/L and <70 μg/L, respectively. Discussion High and widespread Se deficiency among women and children in the three districts is of public health concern and might be prevalent in other rural districts in Zimbabwe. Geostatistical analysis by conditional kriging showed a high risk of Se deficiency and that the Se status in women and children in Murewa, Shamva, and Mutasa districts was driven by short-range variations of up to ⁓12 km. Selenium status was homogenous within each district. However, there was substantial inter-district variation, indicative of marked spatial patterns if the sampling area is scaled up. A nationwide survey that explores the extent and spatial distribution of Se deficiency is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beaula Mutonhodza
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Christopher Chagumaira
- School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Mavis P. Dembedza
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Edward J. M. Joy
- London School for Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | | | - Handrea Njovo
- National Nutrition Unit, Ministry of Health and Child Care of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Tasiana K. Nyadzayo
- National Nutrition Unit, Ministry of Health and Child Care of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - R. Murray Lark
- School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander A. Kalimbira
- Department of Human Nutrition and Health, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Elizabeth H. Bailey
- School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tonderayi M. Matsungo
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Prosper Chopera
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
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Naik B, Kumar V, Goyal SK, Dutt Tripathi A, Mishra S, Joakim Saris PE, Kumar A, Rizwanuddin S, Kumar V, Rustagi S. Pullulanase: unleashing the power of enzyme with a promising future in the food industry. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1139611. [PMID: 37449089 PMCID: PMC10337586 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1139611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pullulanases are the most important industrial group of enzymes in family 13 glycosyl hydrolases. They hydrolyze either α-1,6 and α-1,4 or both glycosidic bonds in pullulan as well as other carbohydrates to produce glucose, maltose, and maltotriose syrups, which have important uses in food and other related sectors. However, very less reports are available on pullulanase production from native strains because of low yield issues. In line with the increasing demands for pullulanase, it has become important to search for novel pullulanase-producing microorganisms with high yields. Moreover, high production costs and low yield are major limitations in the industrial production of pullulanase enzymes. The production cost of pullulanase by using the solid-state fermentation (SSF) process can be minimized by selecting agro-industrial waste. This review summarizes the types, sources, production strategies, and potential applications of pullulanase in different food and other related industries. Researchers should focus on fungal strains producing pullulanase for better yield and low production costs by using agro-waste. It will prove a better enzyme in different food processing industries and will surely reduce the cost of products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Naik
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - S. K. Goyal
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Abhishek Dutt Tripathi
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sadhna Mishra
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Per Erik Joakim Saris
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sheikh Rizwanuddin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- Department of Food Technology, UCLAS, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
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Ambra R, Melloni S, Venneria E. Could Selenium Supplementation Prevent COVID-19? A Comprehensive Review of Available Studies. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104130. [PMID: 37241870 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to systematically examine the scientific evidence investigating selenium's relationship with COVID-19, aiming to support, or refute, the growing hypothesis that supplementation could prevent COVID-19 etiopathogenesis. In fact, immediately after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, several speculative reviews suggested that selenium supplementation in the general population could act as a silver bullet to limit or even prevent the disease. Instead, a deep reading of the scientific reports on selenium and COVID-19 that are available to date supports neither the specific role of selenium in COVID-19 severity, nor the role of its supplementation in the prevention disease onset, nor its etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ambra
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA)-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Sahara Melloni
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA)-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenia Venneria
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA)-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
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Ureta-Velasco N, Keller K, Escuder-Vieco D, Fontecha J, Calvo MV, Megino-Tello J, Serrano JCE, Romero Ferreiro C, García-Lara NR, Pallás-Alonso CR. Human Milk Composition and Nutritional Status of Omnivore Human Milk Donors Compared with Vegetarian/Vegan Lactating Mothers. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081855. [PMID: 37111074 PMCID: PMC10146700 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Women of childbearing age in Western societies are increasingly adopting vegetarian diets. These women are sometimes rejected as milk donors, but little about the composition of their milk is known. The present study aimed to compare the intake, nutritional status, and nutritional composition of human milk from omnivore human milk donors (Donors) and vegetarian/vegan lactating mothers (Veg). Milk, blood, and urine samples from 92 Donors and 20 Veg were used to determine their fatty acid profiles, as well as vitamins and minerals. In a representative sample of both groups, we also determined the lipid class profile as a distribution of neutral and polar lipids, the molecular species of triacylglycerols, and the relative composition of phospholipids in their milk. A dietary assessment was conducted with a five-day dietary record (while considering the intake of supplements). We highlight the following results, expressed as the mean (SE), for the Veg vs. Donors: (1) Their docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake was 0.11 (0.03) vs. 0.38 (0.03) g/day; the plasma DHA was 0.37 (0.07) vs. 0.83 (0.06)%; and the milk DHA was 0.15 (0.04) vs. 0.33 (0.02)%. (2) Their milk B12 levels were 545.69 (20.49) vs. 482.89 (4.11) pM; 85% of the Veg reported taking B12 supplements (mean dose: 312.1 mcg/day); and the Veg group showed no differences with Donors in terms of total daily intake or plasma B12. (3) Their milk phosphatidylcholine levels were 26.88 (0.67) vs. 30.55 (1.10)%. (4) Their milk iodine levels were 126.42 (13.37) vs. 159.22 (5.13) mcg/L. In conclusion, the Vegs' milk was shown to be different from the Donors' milk, mainly due to its low DHA content, which is concerning. However, raising awareness and ensuring proper supplementation could bridge this gap, as has already been achieved for cobalamin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Ureta-Velasco
- Department of Neonatology, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Kristin Keller
- "Aladina-MGU"-Regional Human Milk Bank, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Escuder-Vieco
- "Aladina-MGU"-Regional Human Milk Bank, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fontecha
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María V Calvo
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Megino-Tello
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José C E Serrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, 25008 Lleida, Spain
| | - Carmen Romero Ferreiro
- Scientific Support Unit, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadia Raquel García-Lara
- Department of Neonatology, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- "Aladina-MGU"-Regional Human Milk Bank, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen R Pallás-Alonso
- Department of Neonatology, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
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Dobrzyńska M, Drzymała-Czyż S, Woźniak D, Drzymała S, Przysławski J. Natural Sources of Selenium as Functional Food Products for Chemoprevention. Foods 2023; 12:1247. [PMID: 36981172 PMCID: PMC10048267 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, the incidence of which is increasing annually. Interest has recently grown in the anti-cancer effect of functional foods rich in selenium (Se). Although clinical studies are inconclusive and anti-cancer mechanisms of Se are not fully understood, daily doses of 100-200 µg of Se may inhibit genetic damage and the development of cancer in humans. The anti-cancer effects of this trace element are associated with high doses of Se supplements. The beneficial anti-cancer properties of Se and the difficulty in meeting the daily requirements for this micronutrient in some populations make it worth considering the use of functional foods enriched in Se. This review evaluated studies on the anti-cancer activity of the most used functional products rich in Se on the European market.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sławomira Drzymała-Czyż
- Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Rokietnicka 3 Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Xu S, Wang H, Wang Y, Zhou X, Yao Y, Zhang L, Li H, Pei J. Alterations of selenium level and speciation during milling and cooking in different wheat cultivars. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1684-1691. [PMID: 36575976 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) deficiency is a recognized problem that threatens the health of people worldwide, and wheat is grown worldwide and is one of the major sources of dietary Se. Since there are few studies that have investigated the changes in Se content and speciation of different varieties of Se-enriched wheat from primary to deep processing, we studied four naturally Se-enriched kinds of wheat and two Se-fertilized kinds of wheat. RESULTS Glutenin- and albumin-bound Se accounted for the highest proportion of protein-bound Se in refined wheat flour (7.29 ± 0.19 to 10.82 ± 0.50% and 6.16 ± 0.34 to 8.45 ± 0.07%); water-soluble polysaccharide-bound Se accounted for the highest proportion of polysaccharide-bound Se in refined wheat flour (12.02 ± 0.54 to 24.62 ± 1.87%). Coarse bran Se content was significantly higher than refined wheat flour (137.94 ± 7.80 to 174.55 ± 5.09% for unpeeled wheat, 147.27 ± 10.96 to 187.72 ± 17.70% for peeled wheat). The peeling and processing of wheat into flour had different effects on Se the content and speciation dependent on the particular wheat variety. Whole wheat flour enabled better retention of selenomethionine (101.64 ± 2.32 to 138.41 ± 2.84% for unpeeled wheat, 158.59 ± 13.72 to 250.20 ± 4.94% for peeled wheat). The cooking process had no significant effect on Se content, but Se species were possibly interconverted. CONCLUSION The organic Se content of different varieties of Se-enriched wheat was different, but the milling and cooking process retained the total Se and Se speciation better, which could be used for daily Se supplementation for Se-deficient people. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Hebei General Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xianghan Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yaya Yao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Lijing Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Huijing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jiawei Pei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Kendler S, Thornes FW, Jakobsen AN, Lerfall J. Nutritional profiling and contaminant levels of five underutilized fish species in Norway. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1118094. [PMID: 36969808 PMCID: PMC10031004 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1118094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring and making use of underutilized marine resources can be a sustainable approach to achieve future demands of fish consumption by the ever-growing population. Five species, namely European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa), European flounder (Platichthys flesus), lemon sole (Microstomus kitt), megrim (Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis), and thornback ray (Raja clavate), often captured as by-catch in Norway, were characterized for their nutritional value and potential accumulation of hazardous components. The proximate composition, protein profile, fatty acid profile as well as essential and toxic trace elements and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were analyzed. Digestible indispensable amino acid (DIAA) ratios and scores (DIAAS) and contributions of omega-3 fatty acids to the diet were calculated. Analysis on proximate composition revealed low fat contents of 0.74 to 1.25% and sufficient protein contents between 16.9 and 24% in the five species. Results of DIAA indicate a profitable distribution, with contributions exceeding the daily intake recommendations for an adult person related to a 200 g fillet. Moreover, findings on the distribution of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) showed remarkable results, considering that the investigated species are lean fish. All five investigated fish exceed the recommended average daily intake level (AI) of EPA + DHA in a 200 g portion. As to toxic trace elements and PCBs, no significantly elevated levels were found considering a portion size of 200 g. Consequently, the nutritional quality of the investigated fish can be regarded as profitable with overall low potential health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Kendler
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Schöne F, Ibel A, Lorkowski S, Ihling M, Ramminger S, Kirmse R, Spörl K, Kießling G, Glei M. Composition of pork and German meat products with a focus on iron, selenium and iodine. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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Frydrych A, Krośniak M, Jurowski K. The Role of Chosen Essential Elements (Zn, Cu, Se, Fe, Mn) in Food for Special Medical Purposes (FSMPs) Dedicated to Oncology Patients-Critical Review: State-of-the-Art. Nutrients 2023; 15:1012. [PMID: 36839370 PMCID: PMC9961387 DOI: 10.3390/nu15041012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The scoping review aimed to characterise the role of selected essential elements (Zn, Cu, Se, Fe, Mn) in food for special medical purposes (FSMPs) aimed at oncology patients. The scope review was conducted using Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science to find published references on this subject. Data from the reviewed literature were related to the physiological functions of the element in the body, and the effects of deficiencies and excesses, referring to the latest ESPEN and EFSA guidelines, among others. Important dietary indices/parameters based on the literature review are provided for each element. On the basis of the literature, data on the level of elements in patients with cancer were collected. The content of these elements in 100 mL of FSMPs was read from the manufacturers' declarations. The literature has been provided on the importance of each element in cancer. Our findings show that the essential elements (Zn, Cu, Se, Fe, and Mn) of FSMPs for cancer patients are not adequately treated. We suggest solutions to ensure the safe use of FSMPs in oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Frydrych
- Laboratory of Innovative Toxicological Research and Analyses, Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Aleja Majora W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Jurowski
- Laboratory of Innovative Toxicological Research and Analyses, Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Aleja Majora W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Regulatory and Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Medical Expertises, Aleksandrowska 67/93, 91-205 Łódź, Poland
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Abstract
Selenium is found at the active centre of twenty-five selenoproteins which have a variety of roles, including the well-characterised function of antioxidant defense, but it also is claimed to be involved in the immune system. However, due to limited and conflicting data for different parameters of immune function, intakes of selenium that have an influence on immune function are uncertain. This review covers the relationship between selenium and immune function in man, focusing on the highest level of evidence, namely that generated by randomised controlled trials (RCT), in which the effect of selective administration of selenium, in foods or a supplement, on immune function was assessed. A total of nine RCT were identified from a systematic search of the literature, and some of these trials reported effects on T and natural killer cells, which were dependent on the dose and form of selenium administered, but little effect of selenium on humoral immunity. There is clearly a need to undertake dose-response analysis of cellular immunity data in order to derive quantitative relationships between selenium intake and measures of immune function. Overall, limited effects on immunity emerged from experimental studies in human subjects, though additional investigation on the potential influence of selenium status on cellular immunity appears to be warranted.
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de Paiva EL, Ruttens A, Waegeneers N, Laing GD, Morgano MA, Cheyns K, Arisseto-Bragotto AP. Selenium in selected samples of infant formulas and milk commercialized in Belgium and Brazil: Total content, speciation and estimated intake. Food Res Int 2023; 164:112289. [PMID: 36737897 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Total selenium (Se) and Se species concentrations were determined in 50 infant formulas and milk samples commercialized in Brazil and Belgium. Infant formula categories were starter, follow-up, specialized and plant-based (soy and rice), while milk samples included whole, skimmed, semi-skimmed and plant-based products. Total Se content was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), after microwave digestion. An enzymatic extraction method was applied to evaluate the Se species, mostly selenomethionine (SeMet), Se(IV) and Se(VI), through High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to ICP-MS (LC-ICP-MS). Starters and follow-up samples presented the highest total Se concentrations and values up to 30 µg/kg were observed in the reconstituted product. The lowest level (below the LOQ = 10 µg/kg) was verified in an anti-regurgitation specialized formula. The relative agreement between the measured total Se and the Se content declared on the label varied from 55 % to 317 %. Concentrations in infant formulas were not markedly different from concentrations in milk except for rice and oat milk samples that showed values below the LOQ. SeMet was the main species found in milks, while in infant formulas the species concentrations varied according to the product. The daily intake (DI) of Se via infant formula consumption was calculated and compared with the Adequate Intake (AI) value and the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) established by the EFSA NDA Panel and ANVISA, respectively. Estimated maximum intakes of total Se obtained for reconstituted infant formula were 40.6 mg/day, corresponding to 400 % and 202 % of the DRI and AI, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Lima de Paiva
- Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato 80, 13083-862 Campinas - SP, Brazil; Sciensano, Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium.
| | - Ann Ruttens
- Sciensano, Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium
| | | | - Gijs Du Laing
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marcelo Antônio Morgano
- Institute of Food Technology (ITAL), Avenida Brasil 2880, C. P. 139, 13070-178 Campinas - SP, Brazil
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Bizerea-Moga TO, Pitulice L, Bizerea-Spiridon O, Angelescu C, Mărginean O, Moga TV. Selenium status in term neonates, according to birth weight and gestational age, in relation to maternal hypertensive pathology. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1157689. [PMID: 37063670 PMCID: PMC10101720 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1157689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnancy represents a state of increased oxidative stress and antioxidants, in which selenium (Se) plays a pivotal role, contribute to maintain the oxidative balance. If antioxidant defenses are depleted, placental function is disrupted, resulting in pregnancy complications, including pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Little is known about fetal selenium status in concomitant relation to maternal PIH, gestational age (GA) and birthweight (BW). Methods We examined over a 3-year period the serum (SeS) and urine selenium (SeU) status in term neonates from normotensive (nonPIH) and hypertensive (PIH) mothers as clinical markers of oxidative stress. In this retrospective observational study, 72 neonates with maternal PIH were matched for GA and BW to 72 neonates of normotensive mothers. Four groups were obtained, based on maternal PIH and BW relative to GA (appropriate-for-gestational-age-AGA, small-for-gestational-age-SGA): nonPIH-AGA (control group), nonPIH-SGA, PIH-AGA, and PIH-SGA. Results The results showed significant differences (p < 0.001) in selenium levels among the study groups: SeS - 44.85 ± 7.56 μg/L in nonPIH-AGA, 39.62 ± 11.42 μg/L in nonPIH-SGA, 40.01 ± 10.07 μg/L in PIH-AGA, and 25.39 ± 8.99 μg/L in PIH-SGA; SeU - 27.98 ± 7.99 μg/L in nonPIH-AGA, 22.85 ± 9.48 μg/L in nonPIH-SGA, 23.44 ± 6.73 μg/L in PIH-AGA, and 13.05 ± 5.86 μg/L in PIH-SGA. Selenium depletion was more common in neonates born from hypertensive mothers and those born small for gestational age. Though moderate in intensity, selenium levels were positively correlated with BW (0.319 for SeS, 0.397 for SeU) and negatively correlated with maternal systolic blood pressure (-0.313 for SeS, -0.324 for SeU). The main independent effects on SeS and SeU of each maternal blood pressure and birth weight turned out statistically significant. In interaction, a more pronounced effect was reached in PIH-SGA neonates. Conclusion Selenium status seemed to reflect the negative impact that PIH exerts in neonates during intrauterine development. Clinical markers of selenium status could thus be of great value for tracking responses of individuals to selenium supplementation as part of health improvement and harm mitigation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teofana Otilia Bizerea-Moga
- Department XI of Pediatrics-1st Pediatric Discipline, Center for Research on Growth and Developmental Disorders in Children, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
- 1st Pediatric Clinic, “Louis Țurcanu” Children’s Clinical and Emergency Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Laura Pitulice
- Department of Biology-Chemistry, West University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania
- Laboratory of Advanced Researches in Environmental Protection, Timişoara, Romania
- Correspondence: Laura Pitulice
| | - Otilia Bizerea-Spiridon
- Department of Biology-Chemistry, West University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania
- Laboratory of Advanced Researches in Environmental Protection, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Claudiu Angelescu
- Clinic of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, “Pius Brînzeu” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Otilia Mărginean
- Department XI of Pediatrics-1st Pediatric Discipline, Center for Research on Growth and Developmental Disorders in Children, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
- 1st Pediatric Clinic, “Louis Țurcanu” Children’s Clinical and Emergency Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Tudor Voicu Moga
- Department VII of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology Discipline, Advanced Regional Research Center in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic, “Pius Brînzeu” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
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Multi-element and multi-isotopic profiles of Port and Douro wines as tracers for authenticity. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sevin S, Tutun H, Yipel M, Aluç Y, Ekici H. Concentration of essential and non-essential elements and carcinogenic / non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of commercial bee pollens from Turkey. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 75:127104. [PMID: 36427435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bee pollen, known as a natural super-food with valuable nutritional ingredients, is regarded as a good indicator of ecotoxic substances, such as potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Therefore, this study aims to examine the concentrations of selected PTEs (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sn, Sr, V, Zn) in bee pollen purchased from online markets in Turkey and perform a health risk assessment to identify the potential risk to consumers. METHODS The quantitative analyses were conducted by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). RESULTS The mean values of essential PTEs in decreasing content order were Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Se > Cr > Mo >Co = V. Regarding the results of the study, daily consumption (40 g for adult or 20 g for children) of commercial bee pollen can recompense 20-35 % of daily Cu, Mn, Se requirements for children, adults, pregnant, and breastfeeding women. The decreasing content order of non-essential elements was Al > Sn > Sr > Ba > Pb > As. Cadmium and Hg concentrations were below the detection limits in all the samples. In terms of food and public health; detection of the PTEs concentrations is necessary to assess the quality and safety of bee pollen before consumption. According to the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessments; commercial pollen consumption does not pose a health risk to either children or adults for the PTEs monitored in this study. CONCLUSION We conclude that bee pollen is an ideal indicator for the monitoring of environmental pollution of PTEs and also a valuable source of essential elements. This study highlights the need to develop standards that regulate acceptable concentrations of PTEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Sevin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hidayet Tutun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Yipel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Aluç
- Scientific and Technological Research Application and Research Center, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Hüsamettin Ekici
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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Filippini T, Fairweather-Tait S, Vinceti M. Selenium and immune function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental human studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:93-110. [PMID: 36789948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium is an essential trace element with both beneficial and detrimental effects on health depending on dose and chemical form. Currently, there is debate on recommendations for selenium supplementation as a public health measure to improve immune function and reduce infectious disease susceptibility. OBJECTIVES We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies assessing the effect of selenium supplementation on immunity-related outcomes in healthy people. METHODS We undertook a search of published and unpublished studies in literature databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and clinicaltrials.gov up to 17 October, 2022, and performed a meta-analysis comparing the effects on immunity-related outcomes between Se-supplemented versus control arms. Whenever possible we assessed the nonlinear relation using a dose-response approach. RESULTS 9 trials were included, 5 in North America, and 4 in Europe, with a duration between 8 and 48 weeks and supplementation of both inorganic and organic selenium forms. Selenium supplementation did not substantially affect immunoglobulin or white blood cell concentrations, and the dose-response meta-analysis indicated that an increase in plasma selenium concentrations above 100 μg/L did not further increase IgA levels nor T cells. An inverted U-shaped relation emerged for NK cell count, with a lower number of these cells both below and above 120 μg/L. The only beneficial effect of selenium supplementation was the increased activity for NK lysis, but the available data did not permit dose-response analysis. Cytokine levels were substantially unaffected by selenium supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Although some of the data suggested beneficial effects of selenium supplementation on immune function, the overall picture appears to be inconsistent and heterogeneous due to differences in trial duration and interventions, plus evidence of null and even detrimental effects. Overall, the evidence that we extracted from the literature in this systematic review does not support the need to supplement selenium beyond the recommended dietary intake to obtain beneficial effects on immune function. This trial was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022312280).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Elvevoll EO, James D, Toppe J, Gamarro EG, Jensen IJ. Food Safety Risks Posed by Heavy Metals and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) related to Consumption of Sea Cucumbers. Foods 2022; 11:3992. [PMID: 36553734 PMCID: PMC9778379 DOI: 10.3390/foods11243992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The global production of sea cucumbers was 245 thousand tons in 2020. Sea cucumbers are important food items in Asian and Pacific cuisines, the highest proportion being consumed in China as "bêche-de-mer" dried, gutted, boiled and salted body wall. However, consumption of sea cucumbers is expanding in China and globally, and the high demand has led to decline in populations of sea cucumbers, due to overexploitation. Aquaculture, together with novel fisheries on new species in new regions is easing the demand. Thus, an assessment of food safety is warranted. A literature search on food hazards was performed. A high proportion of the selected papers concerned heavy metals and metalloid hazards, such as mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As). No specific maximum limits (MLs) have been set for contents of these in sea cucumbers. Thus, the contents were compared with maximum limits set for aquatic animals in general or bivalve molluscs if available. With regard to Hg and Cd levels, none of the samples exceeded limits set by the European Commission or the National Standard of China, while for Pb, samples from highly industrialised areas exceeded the limits. Surprisingly, data on contaminants such as POPs, including dioxins and dl-PCB, PAH and PFAS as well as microbial hazards were scarce. The availability of fresh sea cucumber has increased due to aquaculture. To preserve the original flavour some consumers are reported to prefer to eat raw sea cucumber products, sashimi and sushi, which inevitably causes challenges from the microbial food safety perspective. Altogether, this paper highlights specific needs for knowledge, in particular when harvesting new species of sea cucumbers or in industrialized regions. Systematic monitoring activities, appropriate guidelines and regulations are highly warranted to guide the utilization of sea cucumbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edel Oddny Elvevoll
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsoe, Norway
| | - David James
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Jogeir Toppe
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Esther Garrido Gamarro
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Ida-Johanne Jensen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsoe, Norway
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Liu P, Song L, Hao S, Qin J, Yang C, Yang W, Feng M, Zhang M, Wang C, Song X. Effects of selenium application concentration, period and method on the selenium content and grain yield of Tartary buckwheat of different varieties. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6868-6876. [PMID: 35642942 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a potential selenium-enriched crop, it is of great significance to study the selenium application of Tartary buckwheat. Therefore, to study the effects of selenium application concentration, variety, selenium application period and method on the grain selenium content and yield of Tartary buckwheat, an orthogonal experimental design was used to carry out field experiments in the Jinzhong and Northwest Shanxi ecological regions at the same time. Heifeng 1 and Jinqiao 2 were applied at the branching stage and flowering stage in the Jinzhong, and Heifeng 1 and Jinqiao 6 were applied at the early flowering stage and peak flowering stage in the Northwest Shanxi with different concentrations of sodium selenite (0, 1.37, 2.74, 5.48, 8.22, 12.33, 18.495, 27.7425 g hm-2 ) by foliar spraying and soil application. RESULTS The results showed that the selenium content in Tartary buckwheat grains was positively correlated with the selenium application concentration and increased with increasing selenium application concentration, while the yield of Tartary buckwheat first increased and then decreased with the selenium application concentration. The grain selenium content and yield of Tartary buckwheat were affected by the selenium application concentration, variety and application method. CONCLUSION The most effective selenium biofortification program was spraying 2.32 g hm-2 sodium selenite on the leaves of Heifeng 1 at the early flowering stage in the Jinzhong. In the Northwest Shanxi, spraying 11.01 g hm-2 sodium selenite on the leaves of Jinqiao 6 at the flowering stage was the most effective selenium biofortification program. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Liu
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Lifang Song
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Shuangnan Hao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Jie Qin
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Chenbo Yang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Wude Yang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Meichen Feng
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Meijun Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Song
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
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Branco V, Carvalho L, Barboza C, Mendes E, Cavaco A, Carvalho C. Selenium and Redox Enzyme Activity in Pregnant Women Exposed to Methylmercury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2291. [PMID: 36421477 PMCID: PMC9687717 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a micronutrient with essential physiological functions achieved through the production of selenoproteins. Adequate Se intake has health benefits and reduces mercury (Hg) toxicity, which is important due to its neurotoxicity. This study determined the Se status and redox enzyme, including selenoproteins', activity in pregnant women highly exposed to Hg (between 1 to 54 µg Hg/L blood) via fish consumption. A cross-sectional study enrolling 513 women between the first and third trimester of pregnancy from Madeira, Portugal was conducted, encompassing collection of blood and plasma samples. Samples were analyzed for total Se and Hg levels in whole blood and plasma, and plasma activity of redox-active proteins, such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and thioredoxin (Trx). Enzyme activities were related to Se and Hg levels in blood. Se levels in whole blood (65.0 ± 13.1 µg/L) indicated this population had a sub-optimal Se status, which translated to low plasma GPx activity (69.7 ± 28.4 U/L). The activity of TrxR (12.3 ± 5.60 ng/mL) was not affected by the low Se levels. On the other hand, the decrease in Trx activity with an increase in Hg might be a good indicator to prevent fetal susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Branco
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Quinta da Granja, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Luís Carvalho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cássia Barboza
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Mendes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Afonso Cavaco
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Carvalho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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Pincemail J, Meziane S. On the Potential Role of the Antioxidant Couple Vitamin E/Selenium Taken by the Oral Route in Skin and Hair Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2270. [PMID: 36421456 PMCID: PMC9686906 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between oxidative stress and skin aging/disorders is well established. Many topical and oral antioxidants (vitamins C and E, carotenoids, polyphenols) have been proposed to protect the skin against the deleterious effect induced by increased reactive oxygen species production, particularly in the context of sun exposure. In this review, we focused on the combination of vitamin E and selenium taken in supplements since both molecules act in synergy either by non-enzymatic and enzymatic pathways to eliminate skin lipids peroxides, which are strongly implicated in skin and hair disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Pincemail
- CHU of Liège, Platform Antioxidant Nutrition and Health, Pathology Tower, 4130, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Smail Meziane
- Institut Européen des Antioxydants, 54000 Nancy, France
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