1
|
Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Alonso-Navarro H, Salgado-Cámara P, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG. Oxidative Stress Markers in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6289. [PMID: 38927996 PMCID: PMC11203935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not completely understood, but genetic factors, autoimmunity, inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration seem to play a significant role. Data from analyses of central nervous system autopsy material from patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, as well as from studies in the main experimental model of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), suggest the possibility of a role of oxidative stress as well. In this narrative review, we summarize the main data from studies reported on oxidative stress markers in patients diagnosed with MS and in experimental models of MS (mainly EAE), and case-control association studies on the possible association of candidate genes related to oxidative stress with risk for MS. Most studies have shown an increase in markers of oxidative stress, a decrease in antioxidant substances, or both, with cerebrospinal fluid and serum/plasma malonyl-dialdehyde being the most reliable markers. This topic requires further prospective, multicenter studies with a long-term follow-up period involving a large number of patients with MS and controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, E-28500 Madrid, Spain; (H.A.-N.); (P.S.-C.)
| | - Hortensia Alonso-Navarro
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, E-28500 Madrid, Spain; (H.A.-N.); (P.S.-C.)
| | - Paula Salgado-Cámara
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, E-28500 Madrid, Spain; (H.A.-N.); (P.S.-C.)
| | - Elena García-Martín
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Universidad de Extremadura, E-10071 Cáceres, Spain; (E.G.-M.); (J.A.G.A.)
| | - José A. G. Agúndez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Universidad de Extremadura, E-10071 Cáceres, Spain; (E.G.-M.); (J.A.G.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xue G, Zhang Y, Wang R, Yang Y, Wang H, Li J, He X, Zhang Q, Yang X. Construction and evaluation of a prognostic prediction model based on the mEGOS score for patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1303243. [PMID: 38099064 PMCID: PMC10720072 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1303243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated acute peripheral neuropathy in which up to 20% patients remain unable to walk independently after 6 months of onset. This study aimed to develop a clinical prognostic model based on the modified Erasmus GBS Outcome Score (mEGOS) for predicting the prognosis of GBS patients at 6 months of onset. Methods The clinical data of 201 GBS patients were retrospectively analyzed. According to the GBS disability score (GBS-DS) at 6 months of onset, patients were divided into a good prognosis group (GBS-DS <3 points) and a poor prognosis group (GBS-DS≥3 points). Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to screen out independent risk factors for poor prognosis, and a prediction model was accordingly constructed for GBS prognosis. Results The mEGOS score, serum albumin (ALB) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with GBS, and the above risk factors were used to construct a prognostic model of mEGOS-I and a nomogram. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the area under curve (AUC) of mEGOS-I at admission and at 7 days of admission to predict poor prognosis at 6 months of GBS onset was 0.891 and 0.916, respectively, with sensitivities of 82.7% and 82.6% and specificities of 86.5% and 86.6%, respectively. Decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram had a very high clinical benefit. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first report of the construction of a prognostic prediction model based on the mEGOS score, ALB, and FPG that can accurately and stably predict the prognosis of GBS patients at 6 months of onset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaojie Xue
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yani Zhang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ruochen Wang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jiangping Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xuexian He
- Department of Cerebrospinal Fluid Laboratory, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Malekpour M, Khanmohammadi S, Meybodi MJE, Shekouh D, Rahmanian MR, Kardeh S, Azarpira N. COVID-19 as a trigger of Guillain-Barré syndrome: A review of the molecular mechanism. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e875. [PMID: 37249286 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a pandemic with serious complications. After coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), several post-acute COVID-19 syndromes (PACSs) and long-COVID sequels were reported. PACSs involve many organs, including the nervous, gustatory, and immune systems. One of the PACSs after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination is Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The incidence rate of GBS after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination is low. However, the high prevalence of COVID-19 and severe complications of GBS, for example, autonomic dysfunction and respiratory failure, highlight the importance of post-COVID-19 GBS. It is while patients with simultaneous COVID-19 and GBS seem to have higher admission rates to the intensive care unit, and demyelination is more aggressive in post-COVID-19 GBS patients. SARS-CoV-2 can trigger GBS via several pathways like direct neurotropism and neurovirulence, microvascular dysfunction and oxidative stress, immune system disruption, molecular mimicry, and autoantibody production. Although there are few molecular studies on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of GBS occurrence after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination, we aimed to discuss the possible pathomechanism of post-COVID-19 GBS by gathering the most recent molecular evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Malekpour
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Khanmohammadi
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Entezari Meybodi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Dorsa Shekouh
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Rahmanian
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Kardeh
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Khedr EM, Mohamed MZ, Shehab MMM. The early clinical and laboratory predictors of GBS outcome: hospital-based study, Assiut University, Upper Egypt. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-023-00646-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This study was designed to identify factors that influence outcomes in a large group of well-defined Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) patients with a 3-month follow-up period. Sixty-two cases of GBS with a mean age of 37.15 ± 17.60 years (33 males and 29 females) were recruited in the first 2 weeks after onset. Clinical history, examination, and a variety of rating scales including Medial Research Council sum score (MRC), Erasmus Guillain-Barré respiratory insufficiency score (EGRIS), at admission and 10 days later were performed. Follow-up investigations at 3 months included the Hughes Disability Scale (HDS), and Overall Neuropathy Limitation Scale (ONLS).
Results
64.5% of participants had cranial nerve deficits, 45% had neck muscle weakness, 30.6% had dysautonomia, and 8.1% were mechanically ventilated. C-reactive protein was elevated in 38.7%, and hyponatremia was recorded in 30.6% of patients. Older age, antecedent events particularly diarrhea, neck muscles weakness, low MRC sum score, impaired cough reflex, dysautonomia, and hyponatremia, were all significantly associated with poor outcomes at 3 months using HDS and ONLS. Regression analysis with dependent variables of HDS outcome showed that the presence of an antecedent event particularly diarrhea, neck muscle weakness, hyponatremia and the presence cytoalbuminous dissociation of CSF at onset, and low MRC sum score at 10th day after treatment, were predictors of poor outcome.
Conclusion
Clinical and laboratory predictors of poor outcome were older age, the presence of an antecedent event particularly diarrhea, low MRC sum score at the 10th day, elevated CRP, hyponatremia and the presence cytoalbuminous dissociation.
Collapse
|
5
|
Törnell A, Kiffin R, Haghighi S, Mossberg N, Andersen O, Hellstrand K, Martner A. Impact of CYBA genotypes on severity and progression of multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:1457-1464. [PMID: 35073438 PMCID: PMC9303184 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The NOX2 enzyme of myeloid cells generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that have been implicated in the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to determine the impact of genetic variation within CYBA, which encodes the functional CYBA/p22phox subunit of NOX2, on MS severity and progression. METHODS One hundred three MS patients with up to 49 (median = 17) years follow-up time from first MS diagnosis were genotyped at the single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1049254 and rs4673 within CYBA. Results were matched with disease severity and time to diagnosis of secondary progressive MS (SPMS). NOX2-mediated formation of ROS was measured by chemiluminescence in blood myeloid cells from healthy donors (n = 55) with defined genotypes at rs1049254 and rs4673. RESULTS The rs1049254/G and rs4673/A CYBA alleles were associated with reduced formation of ROS and were thus defined as low-ROS alleles. Patients carrying low-ROS alleles showed reduced multiple sclerosis severity score (p = 0.02, N = 103, linear regression) and delayed onset of SPMS (p = 0.02, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.46, n = 100, log-rank test). In a cohort examined after 2005, patients carrying low-ROS CYBA alleles showed >20 years longer time to secondary progression (p = 0.003, HR = 0.29, n = 59, log-rank test). CONCLUSIONS These results implicate NOX2 in MS, in particular for the development of secondary progressive disease, and point toward NOX2-reductive therapy aiming to delay secondary progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Törnell
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer ResearchDepartment of Infectious DiseasesInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Roberta Kiffin
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer ResearchDepartment of Infectious DiseasesInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Sara Haghighi
- Department of Clinical NeuroscienceInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Medical SpecialistsInstitute of NeurologyMotala HospitalMotalaSweden
| | - Natalia Mossberg
- Department of Clinical NeuroscienceInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Global Health Partner Neuro CenterCarlanderska HospitalGothenburgSweden
| | - Oluf Andersen
- Department of Clinical NeuroscienceInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Kristoffer Hellstrand
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer ResearchDepartment of Infectious DiseasesInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Anna Martner
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer ResearchDepartment of Infectious DiseasesInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hassan W, Noreen H, Rehman S, Kamal MA, Teixeira da Rocha JB. Association of Oxidative Stress with Neurological Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1046-1072. [PMID: 34781871 PMCID: PMC9886831 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666211111141246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGORUND Oxidative stress is one of the main contributing factors involved in cerebral biochemical impairment. The higher susceptibility of the central nervous system to reactive oxygen species mediated damage could be attributed to several factors. For example, neurons use a greater quantity of oxygen, many parts of the brain have higher concentraton of iron, and neuronal mitochondria produce huge content of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, neuronal membranes have polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are predominantly vulnerable to oxidative stress (OS). OS is the imbalance between reactive oxygen species generation and cellular antioxidant potential. This may lead to various pathological conditions and diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases such as, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's diseases. OBJECTIVES In this study, we explored the involvement of OS in neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS We used different search terms like "oxidative stress and neurological disorders" "free radicals and neurodegenerative disorders" "oxidative stress, free radicals, and neurological disorders" and "association of oxidative stress with the name of disorders taken from the list of neurological disorders. We tried to summarize the source, biological effects, and physiologic functions of ROS. RESULTS Finally, it was noted that more than 190 neurological disorders are associated with oxidative stress. CONCLUSION More elaborated studies in the future will certainly help in understanding the exact mechanism involved in neurological diseases and provide insight into revelation of therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Hassan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hamsa Noreen
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shakila Rehman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Joao Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mishra S, Singh VJ, Chawla PA, Chawla V. Neuroprotective Role of Nutritional Supplementation in Athletes. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:129-142. [PMID: 34886789 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666211209144721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative disorders belong to different classes of progressive/chronic conditions that affect the peripheral/central nervous system. It has been shown through studies that athletes who play sports involving repeated head trauma and sub-concussive impacts are more likely to experience neurological impairments and neurodegenerative disorders in the long run. AIMS The aim of the current narrative review article is to provide a summary of various nutraceuticals that offer promise in the prevention or management of sports-related injuries, especially concussions and mild traumatic brain injuries. METHODS This article reviews the various potential nutraceutical agents and their possible mechanisms in providing a beneficial effect in the injury recovery process. A thorough survey of the literature was carried out in the relevant databases to identify studies published in recent years. In the present article, we have also highlighted the major neurological disorders along with the associated nutraceutical(s) therapy in the management of disorders. RESULTS The exact pathological mechanism behind neurodegenerative conditions is complex as well as idiopathic. However, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress as well as intracellular calcium overload are some common reasons responsible for the progression of these neurodegenerative disorders. Owing to the multifaceted effects of nutraceuticals (complementary medicine), these supplements have gained importance as neuroprotective. These diet-based approaches inhibit different pathways in a physiological manner without eliciting adverse effects. Food habits and lifestyle of an individual also affect neurodegeneration. CONCLUSION Studies have shown nutraceuticals (such as resveratrol, omega-3-fatty acids) to be efficacious in terms of their neuroprotection against several neurodegenerative disorders and to be used as supplements in the management of traumatic brain injuries. Protection prior to injuries is needed since concussions or sub-concussive impacts may trigger several pathophysiological responses or cascades that can lead to long-term complications associated with CNS. Thus, the use of nutraceuticals as prophylactic treatment for neurological interventions has been proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, Delhi-NCR. India
| | - Vikram Jeet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab. India
| | - Pooja A Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab. India
| | - Viney Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot-151203, Punjab. India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ghonimi NAM, Elsharkawi KA, Khyal DSM, Abdelghani AA. Serum malondialdehyde as a lipid peroxidation marker in multiple sclerosis patients and its relation to disease characteristics. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 51:102941. [PMID: 33895606 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative stress has been suggested to play a key role in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), but clinical data on oxidative stress markers in MS patients and their influence on clinical and radiologic characteristics of the disease are inconsistent. The aim of this study is to assess the serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a measure of lipid peroxidation in MS patients and its relation to disease characteristics. Methods This case control study included 120 patients with clinically definite relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) compared to 120 age and sex -matched healthy controls. MDA levels were measured using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Results MDA levels are significantly higher in patients with MS than those in control (P<0.001) especially during relapse, MDA levels are higher in patients taking no disease modifying therapy (DMT) than those taking interferon (IFN-β). MDA levels significantly correlate with expanded disability status scale (EDSS) (P<0.001). Conclusions The results of this study can provide evidence about the incrimination of oxidative stress in MS pathogenesis and disease disability and support the use of antioxidants as a new target of treatment that focuses on neutralizing free radicals and increases antioxidant capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nesma A M Ghonimi
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt.
| | - Khaled A Elsharkawi
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Doaa S M Khyal
- Neurology Department, Al Ahrar teaching hospital, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Alaa A Abdelghani
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hagen KM, Ousman SS. The Neuroimmunology of Guillain-Barré Syndrome and the Potential Role of an Aging Immune System. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:613628. [PMID: 33584245 PMCID: PMC7873882 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.613628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a paralyzing autoimmune condition affecting the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Within GBS there are several variants affecting different aspects of the peripheral nerve. In general, there appears to be a role for T cells, macrophages, B cells, and complement in initiating and perpetuating attacks on gangliosides of Schwann cells and axons. Of note, GBS has an increased prevalence and severity with increasing age. In addition, there are alterations in immune cell functioning that may play a role in differences in GBS with age alongside general age-related declines in reparative processes (e.g., delayed de-differentiation of Schwann cells and decline in phagocytic ability of macrophages). The present review will explore the immune response in GBS as well as in animal models of several variants of the disorder. In addition, the potential involvement of an aging immune system in contributing to the increased prevalence and severity of GBS with age will be theorized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Hagen
- Department of Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shalina S. Ousman
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chang SH, Tian XB, Wang J, Liu MQ, Huang CN, Qi Y, Zhang LJ, Gao CL, Zhang DQ, Sun LS, Yang L. Increased Cerebrospinal Fluid Uric Acid Levels in Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Front Neurol 2020; 11:589928. [PMID: 33281729 PMCID: PMC7689003 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.589928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) is a natural scavenger for peroxynitrite and can reflect antioxidant activity and oxidative stress in several neurological disorders. Changes in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of UA have been reported in patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. The levels of UA in CSF are relatively poorly understood in patients with Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS). It remains unclear whether UA can play an antioxidant role and reflect oxidative stress in GBS. The purpose of this study is to investigate CSF and serum UA levels in patients with GBS and their relationship with clinical characteristics. The CSF and serum UA levels were detected in 43 patients with GBS, including 14 acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), 6 acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), 13 with acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN), 7 Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), and 3 unclassified, and 25 patients with non-inflammatory neurological disorders (NIND) as controls. Moreover, serum UA levels were also detected in 30 healthy controls. The levels of UA were measured using uricase-based methods with an automatic biochemical analyzer. CSF UA levels were significantly increased in patients with GBS (p = 0.011), particularly in patients with AIDP (p = 0.004) when compared with NIND. Among patients with GBS, CSF UA levels were higher in those with demyelination (p = 0.022), although the difference was not significant after multiple testing correction. CSF UA levels in GBS were positively correlated with serum UA levels (r = 0.455, p = 0.022) and CSF lactate (r = 0.499, p = 0.011). However, no significant correlations were found between CSF UA levels and GBS disability scores. There were no significant differences in serum UA levels among GBS, NIND, and healthy controls. These results suggest that CSF UA may be related to the pathogenesis of demyelination in patients with GBS and may be partially determined by serum UA and the impaired blood–nerve barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hui Chang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Tian
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming-Qi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen-Na Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Qi
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chun-Li Gao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Da-Qi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Li-Sha Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tanaka M, Vécsei L. Monitoring the Redox Status in Multiple Sclerosis. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E406. [PMID: 33053739 PMCID: PMC7599550 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, over 2.2 million people suffer from multiple sclerosis (MS), a multifactorial demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. MS is characterized by a wide range of motor, autonomic, and psychobehavioral symptoms, including depression, anxiety, and dementia. The blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and postmortem brain samples of MS patients provide evidence on the disturbance of reduction-oxidation (redox) homeostasis, such as the alterations of oxidative and antioxidative enzyme activities and the presence of degradation products. This review article discusses the components of redox homeostasis, including reactive chemical species, oxidative enzymes, antioxidative enzymes, and degradation products. The reactive chemical species cover frequently discussed reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, infrequently featured reactive chemicals such as sulfur, carbonyl, halogen, selenium, and nucleophilic species that potentially act as reductive, as well as pro-oxidative stressors. The antioxidative enzyme systems cover the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) signaling pathway. The NRF2 and other transcriptional factors potentially become a biomarker sensitive to the initial phase of oxidative stress. Altered components of the redox homeostasis in MS were discussed in search of a diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and/or therapeutic biomarker. Finally, monitoring the battery of reactive chemical species, oxidative enzymes, antioxidative enzymes, and degradation products helps to evaluate the redox status of MS patients to expedite the building of personalized treatment plans for the sake of a better quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Tanaka
- MTA-SZTE, Neuroscience Research Group, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Neurology, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- MTA-SZTE, Neuroscience Research Group, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Neurology, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Meenambal R, Srinivas Bharath MM. Nanocarriers for effective nutraceutical delivery to the brain. Neurochem Int 2020; 140:104851. [PMID: 32976906 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are common among aging populations around the globe. Most are characterized by loss of neurons, protein aggregates, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, neuroinflammation among others. Although symptomatic treatment using conventional pharmacotherapy has been widely employed, their therapeutic success is limited due to varied reasons. In the need to identify an alternative approach, researchers successfully demonstrated the therapeutic utility of plant-derived nutraceuticals in cell and animal models of neurodegenerative conditions. However, most nutraceuticals failed during clinical trials in humans owing to their poor bioavailability in vivo and limited permeability across the blood brain barrier (BBB). The current emphasis is therefore on the improved delivery of nutraceuticals to the brain. In this regard, development of nanoparticle conjugated nutraceuticals to enhance bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy in the brain has gained attention. Here, we review the research advances in nanoparticles conjugated nutraceuticals applied in neurodegenerative disorders and discuss their advantages and limitations, clinical trials and toxicity concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rugmani Meenambal
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.
| | - M M Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang SY, Gui LN, Liu YY, Shi S, Cheng Y. Oxidative Stress Marker Aberrations in Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis Study. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:823. [PMID: 32982663 PMCID: PMC7479227 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been suggested to play a key role in multiple sclerosis (MS), but clinical data on oxidative stress markers in MS patients were inconsistent. This study sought to quantitatively summarize the data of oxidative stress markers in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with MS in the literature. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science and included studies if they provided data on the concentrations of oxidative stress markers in the peripheral blood and CSF of MS patients and healthy control (HC) subjects. The systematic search resulted in the inclusion of 31 studies with 2,001 MS patients and 2,212 HC subjects for meta-analysis. Random-effects meta-analysis demonstrated that patients with MS had significantly increased concentrations of blood oxidative stress markers compared with HC subjects for malondialdehyde (MDA; Hedges' g, 2.252; 95% CI, 1.080 to 3.424; p < 0.001) and lipid hydroperoxide by tert-butyl hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence (CL-LOOH; Hedges' g, 0.383; 95% CI, 0.065 to 0.702; p = 0.018). In contrast, concentrations of albumin (Hedges' g, −1.036; CI, −1.679 to −0.394; p = 0.002) were significantly decreased in MS patients when compared with those in HC subjects. However, the other analyzed blood oxidative stress markers did not show significant differences between cases and controls. Furthermore, this meta-analysis showed significant association between CSF MDA and MS (Hedges' g, 3.275; 95% CI, 0.859 to 5.691; p = 0.008). Taken together, our results revealed increased blood and CSF MDA and decreased blood albumin levels in patients with MS, strengthening the clinical evidence of increased oxidative stress in MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lue-Ning Gui
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Shi
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Makkar R, Behl T, Bungau S, Zengin G, Mehta V, Kumar A, Uddin MS, Ashraf GM, Abdel-Daim MM, Arora S, Oancea R. Nutraceuticals in Neurological Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4424. [PMID: 32580329 PMCID: PMC7352709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases are one of the major healthcare issues worldwide. Posed lifestyle changes are associated with drastically increased risk of chronic illness and diseases, posing a substantial healthcare and financial burden to society globally. Researchers aim to provide fine treatment for ailing disorders with minimal exposed side effects. In recent decades, several studies on functional foods have been initiated to obtain foods that have fewer side effects and increased therapeutic activity. Hence, an attempt has been made to unravel several extraction techniques to acquire essential bioactive compounds or phytochemicals from therapeutically active food products. This has led to the conception of the term functional foods being meddled with other similar terms like "pharmafoods," "medifoods", "vitafoods", or "medicinal foods". With a dire need to adhere towards healthy options, the demand of nutraceuticals is widely increasing to combat neurological interventions. An association between food habits and the individual lifestyle with neurodegeneration has been manifested, thereby proposing the role of nutraceuticals as prophylactic treatment for neurological interventions. The current review covers some of the major neurological disorders and nutraceutical therapy in the prevention of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashita Makkar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (R.M.); (A.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (R.M.); (A.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Vineet Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru 171207, District Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India;
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (R.M.); (A.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Md. Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh;
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Ghulam Md. Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Eqypt;
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (R.M.); (A.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Roxana Oancea
- “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Grüter T, Blusch A, Motte J, Sgodzai M, Bachir H, Klimas R, Ambrosius B, Gold R, Ellrichmann G, Pitarokoili K. Immunomodulatory and anti-oxidative effect of the direct TRPV1 receptor agonist capsaicin on Schwann cells. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:145. [PMID: 32375895 PMCID: PMC7201667 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01821-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Only few studies describe the impact of nutritive factors on chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), an inflammatory disease of the peripheral nervous system. The active component of chili pepper, capsaicin, is the direct agonist of the transient receptor potential channel vanilloid subfamily member 1. Its anti-inflammatory effect in the animal model experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) has been previously demonstrated. Methods In the present study, we describe the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative influence of capsaicin on Schwann cells (SCs) in an in vitro setting. Hereby, we analyze the effect of capsaicin on Schwann cells’ gene expression pattern, major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) presentation, and H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, the effect of capsaicin on myelination was examined in a SC-dorsal root ganglia (DRG) coculture by myelin basic protein staining. Finally, in order to investigate the isolated effect of capsaicin on SCs in EAN pathology, we transplant naïve and capsaicin pre-treated SCs intrathecally in EAN immunized rats and analyzed clinical presentation, electrophysiological parameters, and cytokine expression in the sciatic nerve. Results In SC monoculture, incubation with capsaicin significantly reduces interferon gamma-induced MHC-II production as well as toll-like receptor 4 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 mRNA expression. Calcitonin gene-related peptide mRNA production is significantly upregulated after capsaicin treatment. Capsaicin reduces H2O2-induced oxidative stress in SC in a preventive, but not therapeutic setting. In a SC-DRG coculture, capsaicin does not affect myelination rate. After intrathecal transplantation of naïve and capsaicin pre-treated SCs in EAN-immunized rats, naïve, but not capsaicin pre-treated intrathecal SCs, ameliorated EAN pathology in rats. Conclusions In conclusion, we were able to demonstrate a direct immunomodulatory and anti-oxidative effect of capsaicin in a SC culture by reduced antigen presentation and expression of an anti-inflammatory profile. Furthermore, capsaicin increases the resistance of SCs against oxidative stress. A primary effect of capsaicin on myelination was not proven. These results are in concordance with previous data showing an anti-inflammatory effect of capsaicin, which might be highly relevant for CIDP patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grüter
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrundstr. 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Alina Blusch
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrundstr. 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jeremias Motte
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrundstr. 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Melissa Sgodzai
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrundstr. 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hussein Bachir
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrundstr. 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rafael Klimas
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrundstr. 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Björn Ambrosius
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrundstr. 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ralf Gold
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrundstr. 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gisa Ellrichmann
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrundstr. 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kalliopi Pitarokoili
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrundstr. 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tunç A. Early predictors of functional disability in Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Acta Neurol Belg 2019; 119:555-559. [PMID: 30963477 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-019-01133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the predictors of prognosis at admission and after the first month in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patients. This retrospective study used the electronic records of 81 GBS patients. Age, gender, previous GBS history, antecedent febrile illness and presence of cranial nerve dysfunction were recorded. Detailed neurological examinations, routine biochemical and haematological investigations, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and electrophysiological studies, GBS subtypes and treatments were assessed. Hughes disability scores (HDSs) were evaluated at the end of the first day and first month. The GBS patient group included 44 male (54.3%) and 37 female (45.7%) patients. The mean age was 52.2 ± 18.5. The mean HDS score was 2.96 at admission and 1.94 at the end of the first month. Plasma sodium, albumin, and CSF protein levels were significantly correlated with low admission HDS scores (p = 0.03, p = 0.011, p = 0.036, and p < 0.001, respectively). Age, plasma sodium, albumin, neutrophil, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels, C-reactive protein (CRP) and CSF protein levels were significantly correlated with poor prognosis at the end of the first month (p < 0.05). Concomitant cranial nerve palsies were significantly correlated with low HDS scores (p = 0.011, p = 0.02) but antecedent events were not correlated with functional disability (p = 0.686, p = 0.413). Decreased albumin and sodium levels and increased CSF protein levels indicated poor GBS prognosis. Higher age, elevated NLR, and higher CRP levels indicated worse prognosis at the end of the first month. However, further studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkadir Tunç
- Clinic of Neurology, Sakarya Training and Research Hospital, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Siotto M, Filippi MM, Simonelli I, Landi D, Ghazaryan A, Vollaro S, Ventriglia M, Pasqualetti P, Rongioletti MCA, Squitti R, Vernieri F. Oxidative Stress Related to Iron Metabolism in Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients With Low Disability. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:86. [PMID: 30804745 PMCID: PMC6378854 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative status may play a role in chronic inflammation and neurodegeneration which are considered critical etiopathogenetic factors in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), both in the early phase of the disease and in the progressive one. The aim of this study is to explore oxidative status related to iron metabolism in peripheral blood of stable Relapsing-Remitting MS with low disability. We studied 60 Relapsing-Remitting MS patients (age 37.2 ± 9.06, EDSS median 1.0), and 40 healthy controls (age 40.3 ± 10.86). We measured total hydroperoxides (dROMs test) and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), along with the iron metabolism biomarkers: Iron (Fe), ferritin (Ferr), transferrin (Tf), transferrin saturation (Tfsat), and ceruloplasmin (Cp) panel biomarkers [concentration (iCp) and enzymatic activity (eCp), copper (Cu), ceruloplasmin specific activity (eCp:iCp), copper to ceruloplasmin ratio (Cu:Cp), non-ceruloplasmin copper (nCp-Cu)]. We computed also the Cp:Tf ratio as an index of oxidative stress related to iron metabolism. We found lower TAS levels in MS patients than in healthy controls (CTRL) and normal reference level and higher dROMs and Cp:Tf ratio in MS than in healthy controls. Cp and Cu were higher in MS while biomarkers of iron metabolism were not different between patients and controls. Both in controls and MS, dROMs correlated with iCp (CTRL r = 0.821, p < 0.001; MS r = 0.775 p < 0.001) and eCp (CTRL r = 0.734, p < 0.001; MS r = 0.820 p < 0.001). Moreover, only in MS group iCp correlated negatively with Tfsat (r = -0.257, p = 0.047). Dividing MS patients in “untreated” group and “treated” group, we found a significant difference in Fe values [F(2, 97) = 10.136, p < 0.001]; in particular “MS untreated” showed higher mean values (mean = 114.5, SD = 39.37 μg/dL) than CTRL (mean 78.6, SD = 27.55 μg/dL p = 0.001) and “MS treated” (mean = 72.4, SD = 38.08 μg/dL; p < 0.001). Moreover, “MS untreated” showed significantly higher values of Cp:Tf (mean = 10.19, SD = 1.77∗10-2; p = 0.015), than CTRL (mean = 9.03, SD = 1.46 ∗10-2). These results suggest that chronic oxidative stress is relevant also in the remitting phase of the disease in patients with low disability and short disease duration. Therefore, treatment with antioxidants may be beneficial also in the early stage of the disease to preserve neuronal reserve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ilaria Simonelli
- Service of Medical Statistics and Information Technology, Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, AFaR Division, Rome, Italy
| | - Doriana Landi
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Ghazaryan
- Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, AFaR Division, Rome, Italy.,Neurology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Vollaro
- Neurology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariacarla Ventriglia
- Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, AFaR Division, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizio Pasqualetti
- Service of Medical Statistics and Information Technology, Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, AFaR Division, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Ciro Antonio Rongioletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research and Development Division, "San Giovanni Calibita", Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gümüşyayla Ş, Vural G, Yurtoğulları Çevik Ş, Akdeniz G, Neselioğlu S, Deniz O, Erel Ö. Dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis in patients with Guillain-Barre Syndrome. Neurol Res 2019; 41:413-418. [PMID: 30730791 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2019.1573955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis as a novel oxidative stress parameter in patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). METHODS A total of 130 participants were included in this study, 70 of whom were diagnosed with GBS. Total thiol (-SH+-S-S-) and native thiol (-SH) levels in serum were measured in all patients and healthy individuals. Amount of dynamic disulphide bond were calculated from these values. In the GBS patients, disability status was determined by the Hughes and Medical Research Center (MRC) sum scores at the time of admission and 3 months thereafter. RESULTS Total and native thiol levels were significantly lower in patients with GBS compared with healthy individuals. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of dynamic disulphide bonds between groups. There was a negative correlation between total thiol levels in patients with GBS and Hughes scores at month 3. DISCUSSION Oxidative stress is among the molecular changes underlying the pathogenesis of GBS. In this study, we have investigated the dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis in patients with epilepsy using a new method in the literature. Also, functional recovery in Guillain-Barré syndrome patients could be promoted by increasing antioxidant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Şadiye Gümüşyayla
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology , Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Gönül Vural
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology , Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| | | | - Gülsüm Akdeniz
- c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biopysic , Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Salim Neselioğlu
- d Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry , Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Orhan Deniz
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology , Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Özcan Erel
- d Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry , Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Farah R, Haraty H, Salame Z, Fares Y, Ojcius DM, Said Sadier N. Salivary biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological diseases. Biomed J 2018; 41:63-87. [PMID: 29866603 PMCID: PMC6138769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research efforts on neurological diseases are focused on identifying novel disease biomarkers to aid in diagnosis, provide accurate prognostic information and monitor disease progression. With advances in detection and quantification methods in genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, saliva has emerged as a good source of samples for detection of disease biomarkers. Obtaining a sample of saliva offers multiple advantages over the currently tested biological fluids as it is a non-invasive, painless and simple procedure that does not require expert training or harbour undesirable side effects for the patients. Here, we review the existing literature on salivary biomarkers and examine their validity in diagnosing and monitoring neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism and Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. Based on the available research, amyloid beta peptide, tau protein, lactoferrin, alpha-synuclein, DJ-1 protein, chromogranin A, huntingtin protein, DNA methylation disruptions, and micro-RNA profiles provide display a reliable degree of consistency and validity as disease biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Farah
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hayat Haraty
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salame
- Research Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Youssef Fares
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Najwane Said Sadier
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Alterations of plasma concentrations of lipophilic antioxidants are associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 470:75-80. [PMID: 28476374 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyneuropathy resulting in demyelination in peripheral nervous system. Myelin enriched in lipids is easily oxidized by reactive oxygen species during inflammation. Oxidative stress and lipophilic anti-oxidative capacities in GBS patients have not been fully explored. To evaluate the redox status of GBS patients, we measured malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), lipophilic antioxidants, and tocopherols concentrations in plasma from GBS patients and age-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Concentrations of γ-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol decreased significantly, and α-carotene significantly increased in GBS patients compared to healthy controls. However, no significant changes in MDA and MPO concentrations were detected. In GBS patients, the γ-tocopherol concentration correlated positively with concentrations of δ-tocopherol, α-tocopherol, lutein, Q10, and γ-CEHC, respectively. Similarly, the δ-tocopherol concentration correlated positively with γ-tocopherol, α-tocopherol, lutein, Q10, δ-CEHC, and γ-CEHC concentrations, respectively. The receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed that γ-tocopherol may serve as a good predictor for GBS. CONCLUSIONS Diminished lipophilic antioxidant defense, mainly γ-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol, in GBS patients accounting for their lowered resistance to reactive oxygen species is probably associated with pathogenesis of GBS, and potentially useful for the development of therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
21
|
Su Z, Chen Z, Xiang Y, Wang B, Huang Y, Yang D, Li X, Weng Y, Lin X, Chen G, Liu W, Zhao C, Wang Q, Li S, Chen Y, Chen Y, Quan W, Tong Q, Wu S, Huang S, Mei P, Li Z, Li J, Hou S, Zhang X. Low serum levels of uric acid and albumin in patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6618. [PMID: 28403109 PMCID: PMC5403106 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Free radical toxicity due to poorly maintained cellular redox levels is crucial events that have been associated with the pathogenesis of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) patients. Uric acid (UA) and albumin correlate with oxidative stress in some degree. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between GBS and serum levels of UA and albumin in the present study.The serum levels of UA and albumin were determined in 203 individuals including 88 patients with GBS and 153 healthy controls (HC).We found that serum levels of UA and albumin in patients with GBS were significantly lower than those in HC group. Besides, similar phenomenon was observed when the male and female subgroups were estimated, respectively. Additionally, we found that there is no statistic difference among subgroups of GBS regarding UA and albumin. The univariate analysis revealed that both the high UA and high albumin were protective factors for patients with GBS (odds ratio [OR] 0.140; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.074-0.264; P < .001 and OR 0.016; 95% CI: 0.006-0.038; P < .001, respectively). It was further confirmed by the multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjusting for other potential confounding factors (OR 0.168; 95% CI: 0.055-0.514; P = .002 and OR 0.027; 95% CI: 0.011-0.071; P < .001, respectively).In conclusion, we found that patients with GBS had significantly low serum UA and albumin levels. Moreover, we demonstrated that both the high UA and high albumin were protective factors for patients with GBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bingjie Wang
- Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
| | | | | | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou
| | | | - XianFeng Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
| | | | | | - Chenchen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center
| | | | | | | | | | - Shengjie Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Heart Center
| | - Shihao Huang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou
| | | | | | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou
| | - Shengtao Hou
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou
- Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Anticonvulsant and Neuroprotective Activities of Phragmanthera austroarabica Extract in Pentylenetetrazole-Kindled Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:5148219. [PMID: 28465705 PMCID: PMC5390588 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5148219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Anticonvulsant and neuroprotective activity of Phragmanthera austroarabica extract were tested in pentylenetetrazole-kindled mice. All the chemical constituents of the plant extract were identified. Additionally, the extract was standardized and proved to contain total phenolic contents equal to 379.92 ± 1.32 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry plant extract. Induction of kindling was achieved by repeated intraperitoneal administration of pentylenetetrazole (35 mg/kg) twice weekly. Male albino mice were given P. austroarabica extract (200, 400, or 800 mg/kg). The two higher doses (400 or 800 mg/kg) of the extract significantly caused notable reduction in seizure activity and hippocampal malondialdehyde level compared to pentylenetetrazole control group. The highest dose enhanced cortical GSH level and showed intact DNA in the laddering assay. Upon studying the neuroprotective effect, mice treated with the higher dose of the extract demonstrated an improvement in the percent of surviving neurons in the cortex and hippocampus. We concluded that P. austroarabica extract ameliorated seizure activity and protected cortical and hippocampal neurons against pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling in mice.
Collapse
|
23
|
Thyroid hormone level is associated with the frequency and severity of acute transverse myelitis. Neuroreport 2017; 28:292-297. [PMID: 28240719 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a progressive and autoimmune disease with inflammatory cell infiltrates into the spinal cord, and thyroid hormone (TH) level is associated with the oxidative and antioxidant status. Variations in oxidative stress and antioxidant levels are related to the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the possible correlation between ATM and TH levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and FT4/FT3. We measured serum concentrations of TSH, FT4, and FT3 in 205 individuals, including 42 ATM patients, 49 multiple sclerosis patients, and 114 healthy controls. Our findings show that ATM patients had lower levels of TSH and FT3 and higher levels of FT4 and FT4/FT3 compared with healthy controls, whether male or female. Moreover, levels of TSH and FT3 in patients with ATM were inversely correlated with disease severity measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale. Variations in TH level may represent the oxidative status and are surrogate biomarkers of the incidence and severity of ATM.
Collapse
|
24
|
Rajda C, Pukoli D, Bende Z, Majláth Z, Vécsei L. Excitotoxins, Mitochondrial and Redox Disturbances in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020353. [PMID: 28208701 PMCID: PMC5343888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). There is increasing evidence that MS is not only characterized by immune mediated inflammatory reactions, but also by neurodegenerative processes. There is cumulating evidence that neurodegenerative processes, for example mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and glutamate (Glu) excitotoxicity, seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of MS. The alteration of mitochondrial homeostasis leads to the formation of excitotoxins and redox disturbances. Mitochondrial dysfunction (energy disposal failure, apoptosis, etc.), redox disturbances (oxidative stress and enhanced reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production), and excitotoxicity (Glu mediated toxicity) may play an important role in the progression of the disease, causing axonal and neuronal damage. This review focuses on the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction (including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects and mitochondrial structural/functional changes), oxidative stress (including reactive oxygen and nitric species), and excitotoxicity that are involved in MS and also discusses the potential targets and tools for therapeutic approaches in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Rajda
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Dániel Pukoli
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Neurology, Vaszary Kolos Hospital, 2500 Esztergom, Hungary.
| | - Zsuzsanna Bende
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Zsófia Majláth
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - László Vécsei
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary.
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, 6725 Szeged, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Huang Y, Ying Z, Chen Z, Xiang W, Su Z, Quan W, Weng Y, Zhang X. Thyroid hormone level is associated with the frequency and severity of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Int J Neurosci 2017; 127:893-899. [PMID: 28042737 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2016.1278541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a neurodegenerative and inflammatory demyelination disorder, and oxidative stress is concerned with the pathogenesis of the disease. Also, we found that thyroid hormone level is correlated to the oxidative and antioxidant status in previous studies. Our study was aimed to find the possible relationship between the frequency and severity of GBS and thyroid hormone levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS We measured serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) in 238 individuals, including 90 GBS, 44 multiple sclerosis and 104 healthy controls. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that the patients with GBS had lower TSH and higher FT4, FT4/FT3 than healthy controls in the normal range. Furthermore, it was also shown in our study that TSH levels in patients with GBS were correlated with disease severity measured by the Hughes Functional Grading Scale. CONCLUSION Lower TSH, higher FT4 and FT4/FT3 stand for the oxidative status and are associated with the incidence and severity of GBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Huang
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Zhaojian Ying
- b Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Zhibo Chen
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Weiwei Xiang
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Zhongqian Su
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Weiwei Quan
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Yiyun Weng
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Xu Zhang
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Assessment of Serum Nitrogen Species and Inflammatory Parameters in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Different Therapeutic Approaches. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:4570351. [PMID: 28078290 PMCID: PMC5204117 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4570351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The role of nitric oxide and its reactive derivatives (NO x ) is well known in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, which is an inflammatory disease while NO x seems to be important in coordinating inflammatory response. The purpose of the present study was to assess serum NO x as one of the nitrogen species and inflammatory parameters in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients and to compare the effectiveness of various types of disease-modifying therapies that reduce nitric oxide and inflammatory biomarkers. Elevated NO x level was observed in patients who received the first-line disease-modifying therapy (interferons beta-1a and beta-1b) in comparison with the subjects treated with the second-line disease-modifying therapy (natalizumab; fingolimod) and healthy controls without significant differences in C-reactive protein and interleukin-1 beta. A negative correlation was observed between serum NO x level and the duration of multiple sclerosis confirmed in the whole study population and in subjects treated with the first-line agents. Only serum NO x , concentration could reveal a potential efficacy of disease-modifying therapy with a better reduction in NO x level due to the second-line agents of disease-modifying therapy.
Collapse
|
27
|
Matveychuk D, Dursun SM, Wood PL, Baker GB. Reactive Aldehydes and Neurodegenerative Disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5455/bcp.19691231040000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Matveychuk
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Serdar M. Dursun
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul L. Wood
- DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, TN, USA
| | - Glen B. Baker
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ibitoye R, Kemp K, Rice C, Hares K, Scolding N, Wilkins A. Oxidative stress-related biomarkers in multiple sclerosis: a review. Biomark Med 2016; 10:889-902. [PMID: 27416337 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To provide an up-to-date review of oxidative stress biomarkers in multiple sclerosis and thus identify candidate molecules with greatest promise as biomarkers of diagnosis, disease activity or prognosis. METHOD A semi-systematic literature search using PubMed and other databases. RESULTS Nitric oxide metabolites, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, protein carbonyl, 3-nitrotyrosine, isoprostanes, malondialdehyde and products of DNA oxidation have been identified across multiple studies as having promise as diagnostic, therapeutic or prognostic markers in MS. CONCLUSION Heterogeneity of study design, particularly patient selection, limits comparability across studies. Further cohort studies are needed, and we would recommend promising markers be incorporated into future clinical trials to prospectively validate their potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Ibitoye
- Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol/Level 1, Learning & Research, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Kevin Kemp
- Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol/Level 1, Learning & Research, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Claire Rice
- Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol/Level 1, Learning & Research, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Kelly Hares
- Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol/Level 1, Learning & Research, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Neil Scolding
- Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol/Level 1, Learning & Research, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Alastair Wilkins
- Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol/Level 1, Learning & Research, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ghalamfarsa G, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Mohammadnia-Afrouzi M, Anvari E, Farhadi S, Yousefi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Application of nanomedicine for crossing the blood–brain barrier: Theranostic opportunities in multiple sclerosis. J Immunotoxicol 2016; 13:603-19. [DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2016.1159264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mousa Mohammadnia-Afrouzi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Enayat Anvari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Shohreh Farhadi
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Role of dimethyl fumarate in oxidative stress of multiple sclerosis: A review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1019:15-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
31
|
Wang P, Xie K, Wang C, Bi J. Oxidative Stress Induced by Lipid Peroxidation Is Related with Inflammation of Demyelination and Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis. Eur Neurol 2014; 72:249-54. [DOI: 10.1159/000363515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
32
|
Tasset I, Bahamonde C, Agüera E, Conde C, Cruz AH, Pérez-Herrera A, Gascón F, Giraldo AI, Ruiz MC, Lillo R, Sánchez-López F, Túnez I. Effect of natalizumab on oxidative damage biomarkers in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 65:624-31. [PMID: 23950585 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(13)71039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody used to treat multiple sclerosis. This study sought to determine whether the protective action of natalizumab involved a reduction in oxidative damage. METHODS Twenty-two multiple sclerosis patients fulfilling the revised McDonald criteria were assigned to treatment with 300 mg natalizumab intravenously once monthly (infusion every 4 weeks) in accordance with Spanish guidelines. Carbonylated proteins, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, total glutathione, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and myeloperoxidase levels were measured at baseline and after 14 months' treatment, and the antioxidant gap was calculated. RESULTS Natalizumab prompted a drop in oxidative-damage biomarker levels, together with a reduction both in myeloperoxidase levels and in the myeloperoxidase/neutrophil granulocyte ratio. Interestingly, natalizumab induced nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and a fall in serum vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that natalizumab has a beneficial effect on oxidative damage found in MS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Tasset
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Agúndez JAG, García-Martín E, Martínez C, Benito-León J, Millán-Pascual J, Calleja P, Díaz-Sánchez M, Pisa D, Turpín-Fenoll L, Alonso-Navarro H, Ayuso-Peralta L, Torrecillas D, Plaza-Nieto JF, Jiménez-Jiménez FJ. NQO1 gene rs1800566 variant is not associated with risk for multiple sclerosis. BMC Neurol 2014; 14:87. [PMID: 24755231 PMCID: PMC4022329 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2377-14-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A possible role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis has been suggested. The detoxification enzyme NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 (NQO1) has been found up-regulated in MS lesions. A previous report described an association between the SNP rs1800566 in the NQO1 gene and the risk for MS in the Greek population. The aim of this study was to replicate a possible influence of the. SNP rs1800566 in the NQO1 gene in the risk for MS in the Spanish Caucasian population. METHODS We analyzed allelic and genotypic frequency of NQO1 rs1800566 in 290 patients with MS and 310 healthy controls, using TaqMan Assays. RESULTS NQO1 rs1800566 allelic and genotypic frequencies did not differ significantly between MS patients and controls, and were unrelated with age of onset of MS, gender, and clinical type of MS. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that NQO1 rs1800566 does not have an effect on MS disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José A G Agúndez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Elena García-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Julián Benito-León
- CIBERNED,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Millán-Pascual
- Section of Neurology, Hospital La Mancha-Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Patricia Calleja
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Díaz-Sánchez
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Pisa
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Laura Turpín-Fenoll
- Section of Neurology, Hospital La Mancha-Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Lucía Ayuso-Peralta
- Department of Medicine-Neurology, Hospital “Príncipe de Asturias”, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Torrecillas
- Department of Medicine-Neurology, Hospital “Príncipe de Asturias”, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine-Neurology, Hospital “Príncipe de Asturias”, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gironi M, Borgiani B, Mariani E, Cursano C, Mendozzi L, Cavarretta R, Saresella M, Clerici M, Comi G, Rovaris M, Furlan R. Oxidative stress is differentially present in multiple sclerosis courses, early evident, and unrelated to treatment. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:961863. [PMID: 24741637 PMCID: PMC3984797 DOI: 10.1155/2014/961863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is well documented in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, but its correspondence at peripheral level is still controversial. Objective. To evaluate peripheral oxidative stress markers in MS patients. METHODS We studied total blood levels of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), oxidized and reduced forms of glutathione, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species (ROS), anti-oxidized-low-density lipoproteins (anti-oxLDL) antibodies, and antioxidant power (PAO) in 87 patients with different MS clinical phenotypes and in 77 controls. RESULTS CoQ10 was lower whereas anti-oxLDL antibodies titer was higher in MS patients than in controls. The benign variant of MS displayed both higher CoQ10 and higher anti-oxLDL than other MS clinical variants. Female patients had lower CoQ10 and PAO and higher ROS than male patients. Differences were greater in younger patients with shorter disease duration. Surprisingly, there was no difference for these markers between treated and untreated patients. CONCLUSION We found lower antioxidant agents and higher anti-oxLDL antibodies in MS, and the highest antibody titers occurred in the benign form. We suggest that natural anti-oxLDL antibodies can be protective against MS, saving blood brain barrier integrity. Our findings also suggest that milder MS is associated with a distinct oxidative stress pattern, which may provide a useful biomarker of disease prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maira Gironi
- INSPE, Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy ; CAM, Centro Polidiagnostico, Viale Elvezia Angolo Via Martiri delle Foibe 1, Monza, Italy
| | - Bruno Borgiani
- INSPE, Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy ; CAM, Centro Polidiagnostico, Viale Elvezia Angolo Via Martiri delle Foibe 1, Monza, Italy
| | - Enrica Mariani
- CAM, Centro Polidiagnostico, Viale Elvezia Angolo Via Martiri delle Foibe 1, Monza, Italy
| | - Cristina Cursano
- CAM, Centro Polidiagnostico, Viale Elvezia Angolo Via Martiri delle Foibe 1, Monza, Italy
| | - Laura Mendozzi
- Fondazione IRCCS, S. Maria Nascente, Don Gnocchi, Via Alfonso Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milano, Italy
| | - Rossella Cavarretta
- Fondazione IRCCS, S. Maria Nascente, Don Gnocchi, Via Alfonso Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Saresella
- Fondazione IRCCS, S. Maria Nascente, Don Gnocchi, Via Alfonso Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Clerici
- Fondazione IRCCS, S. Maria Nascente, Don Gnocchi, Via Alfonso Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milano, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Comi
- INSPE, Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Rovaris
- Fondazione IRCCS, S. Maria Nascente, Don Gnocchi, Via Alfonso Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Furlan
- INSPE, Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ramachandran C, Quirin KW, Escalon E, Melnick SJ. Improved neuroprotective effects by combining Bacopa monnieri and Rosmarinus officinalis supercritical CO2 extracts. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2014; 19:119-27. [PMID: 24647092 DOI: 10.1177/2156587214524577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethnobotanical evidence suggests that herbs such as brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) may possess antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. We compared the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of supercritical extract of Bacopa monnieri and rosemary antioxidant extract obtained from Rosmarinus officinalis as well as their combination to examine the effects on human glial (U-87 MG) and embryonic mouse hypothalamus cells. Bacopa monnieri extract, rosemary antioxidant extract, and their combination (1:1) are not cytotoxic in both glial and embryonic mouse hypothalamus cell lines up to 200 μg/mL concentration. The combination of extracts of Bacopa monnieri + rosemary antioxidant has better antioxidant potential and antilipid peroxidation activity than either agent alone. Although the extract of Bacopa monnieri + rosemary antioxidant showed almost similar inhibition of phospho tau expression as Bacopa monnieri or rosemary antioxidant extract alone, the combination has better inhibitory effect on amyloid precursor protein synthesis and higher brain-derived neurotrophic factor production in hypothalamus cells than single agents. These results suggest that the extract of Bacopa monnieri + rosemary antioxidant is more neuroprotective than Bacopa monnieri or rosemary antioxidant extract.
Collapse
|
36
|
Miljković D, Spasojević I. Multiple sclerosis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 19:2286-334. [PMID: 23473637 PMCID: PMC3869544 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) involves several components: redox, inflammatory/autoimmune, vascular, and neurodegenerative. All of them are supported by the intertwined lines of evidence, and none of them should be written off. However, the exact mechanisms of MS initiation, its development, and progression are still elusive, despite the impressive pace by which the data on MS are accumulating. In this review, we will try to integrate the current facts and concepts, focusing on the role of redox changes and various reactive species in MS. Knowing the schedule of initial changes in pathogenic factors and the key turning points, as well as understanding the redox processes involved in MS pathogenesis is the way to enable MS prevention, early treatment, and the development of therapies that target specific pathophysiological components of the heterogeneous mechanisms of MS, which could alleviate the symptoms and hopefully stop MS. Pertinent to this, we will outline (i) redox processes involved in MS initiation; (ii) the role of reactive species in inflammation; (iii) prooxidative changes responsible for neurodegeneration; and (iv) the potential of antioxidative therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Djordje Miljković
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković,” University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Spasojević
- Life Sciences Department, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Naziroglu M, Kutluhan S, Ovey IS, Aykur M, Yurekli VA. Modulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and calcium entry in leukocytes of patients with multiple sclerosis by Hypericum perforatum. Nutr Neurosci 2013; 17:214-21. [PMID: 24075078 DOI: 10.1179/1476830513y.0000000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypericum perfortarum (HP, St John's wort) is a modulator of Ca(2+) entry in neutrophils and it may modulate intracellular free Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]i) entry in leukocytes of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated effects of HP on oxidative stress, apoptosis, and [Ca(2+)]i concentrations in serum and leukocytes of patients with MS. METHODS Neutrophils of nine newly diagnosed MS patients and nine healthy subjects within four subgroups were used in the study. The first group was a control; the second group was patients with MS. The neutrophils from patient group were incubated non-specific TRPM2 channel blocker (2-APB), voltage-gated calcium channel blockers, verapamil and diltiazem (V + D) with HP before N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine stimulation, respectively. RESULTS Neutrophil and serum lipid peroxidation, neutrophil apoptosis and [Ca(2+)]i levels in patients with MS were higher than in control although their levels were decreased by HP, 2-APB, and V + D incubations. The modulator role of V + D in MS and MS + HP groups was higher than in the 2-APB group. Neutrophilic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and serum vitamin A and E concentrations were lower in the MS group than in control. However, the neutrophil GSH-Px activity was increased by HP incubation. The neutrophil reduced glutathione, serum vitamin C and β-carotene concentrations did not change in control and patients. DISCUSSION We observed that HP-induced protective effects on oxidative stress and [Ca(2+)]i concentrations by modulating transient receptor potential and voltage gated calcium channel in the patients with MS. Thus, it may provide useful treatment of neutrophil activity in the patients.
Collapse
|
38
|
Wang HF, Gao K, Wang C, Zhang WM, Liu JX. Effects of feeding bamboo vinegar and acidifier as an antibiotic substitute on the growth performance and intestinal bacterial communities of weaned piglets. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09064702.2013.845244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
39
|
Kovacic P, Somanathan R. Redox processes in neurodegenerative disease involving reactive oxygen species. Curr Neuropharmacol 2013; 10:289-302. [PMID: 23730253 PMCID: PMC3520039 DOI: 10.2174/157015912804143487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Much attention has been devoted to neurodegenerative diseases involving redox processes. This review comprises an update involving redox processes reported in the considerable literature in recent years. The mechanism involves reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, usually in the brain. There are many examples including Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, Alzheimer’s, prions, Down’s syndrome, ataxia, multiple sclerosis, Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, schizophrenia, and Tardive Dyskinesia. Evidence indicates a protective role for antioxidants, which may have clinical implications. A multifaceted approach to mode of action appears reasonable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kovacic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego CA 92182 USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kostic MS, Rajkovic JS, Floranovic MSP, Dimov ID, Pavlovic DD. Multiple sclerosis and oxidative stress—a clinical perspective. NEUROCHEM J+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712412040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
41
|
Evaluation of serum oxidant/antioxidant balance in multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Belg 2012; 112:275-80. [PMID: 22450709 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-012-0059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The total oxidative status (TOS)/total anti-oxidative status (TAS) ratio can provide information on an individual's absolute oxidative stress index (OSI). We investigated the alterations in the oxidant-antioxidant balance by measuring the oxidant parameters OSI, TOS, and malondialdehyde (MDA) together with the antioxidant parameters such as TAS, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate OSI in patients with relapsing remitting MS. 35 ambulatory patients with relapsing-remitting MS (35.8 ± 8.7 years) and 32 age- and activity-matched healthy control subjects (35.1 ± 3.7 years) that participated in the study. Serum TAS and TOS levels were determined using new automated methods. MS patients had higher concentrations of MDA (151.5 ± 51.1 vs. 111.3 ± 27.4 nmol/g protein, respectively; p < 0.001), TOS (148.1 ± 162.5 vs. 48.3 ± 46.4 mmol H(2)O(2) Equiv./g protein, respectively; p = 0.002), OSI (21124 ± 32543 vs. 5294 ± 5562, respectively; p = 0.008), and SOD (4.5 ± 0.7 vs. 3.4 ± 0.6 U/L, respectively; p < 0.001) compared with healthy controls. On the other hand, MS patients had lower concentrations of NO (12.3 ± 6.9 vs. 17.4 ± 2.5 μmol/g protein, respectively; p < 0.001) and TAS (0.82 ± 0.27 vs. 0.26 ± 0.15, respectively; p = 0.011) compared with healthy controls. In conclusion, these findings indicate that the oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MS.
Collapse
|
42
|
Tasset I, Agüera E, Sánchez-López F, Feijóo M, Giraldo AI, Cruz AH, Gascón F, Túnez I. Peripheral oxidative stress in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:440-4. [PMID: 22330938 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate levels of oxidative stress in blood samples in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS). DESIGN AND METHODS Peripheral blood samples were collected from 24 RR-MS patients and 15 healthy controls. Levels of the following were measured: carbonylated proteins, 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine (8OHdG), total glutathione, reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRd), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), myeloperoxidase (MPO), antioxidant gap, total antioxidant capacity (PAO), global oxidative stress (GOS), serum vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and serum inter-cellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1). RESULTS Values for carbonylated proteins, 8OHdG, total glutathione, GSH, GSH/GSSG ratio, SOD, GRd and GOS were significantly higher in RR-MS patients than in healthy controls. By contrast, PAO, GSSG, GPx and GST were lower in RR-MS patients. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress plays a major role in MS, and is observed prior to relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Tasset
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina/Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Petitpas F, Sichel F, Hébert B, Lagadu S, Beljean M, Pottier D, Laurentie M, Prevost V. Effects of alcohol consumption on biomarkers of oxidative damage to DNA and lipids in ethanol-fed pigs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 65:263-9. [PMID: 21945421 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic alcohol consumption is known to result in tissue injury, particularly in the liver, and is considered a major risk factor for cancers of the upper respiratory tract. Here we assessed the oxidative effects of subchronic ethanol consumption on DNA and lipids by measuring biomarkers 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and malondialdehyde (MDA), respectively. Physiological responses of pigs (n = 4) administered ethanol in drinking water for 39 days were compared with those of water-fed pigs (n = 4). Alcoholisation resulted in serum ethanol concentration of 1.90 g L(-1) and in a moderate but significant increase in alanine aminotransferase activity, an index of liver injury. However, between the alcoholised and control groups there were no significant differences in the levels of 8-oxodG (8-oxodG per 10(6) 2'deoxyguanosine) from leucocytes (2.52 ± 0.42 Vs 2.39 ± 0.34) or from target organs, liver, cardia and oesophagus. Serum MDA levels were also similar in ethanol-fed pigs (0.33 ± 0.04 μM) and controls (0.28 ± 0.03 μM). Interestingly, levels of 8-oxodG in cardia were positively correlated with those in oesophagus (Spearman correlation coefficient R = 1, P < 0.0001). Our results suggest that alcohol consumption may not cause oxidative damage to DNA and lipids as measured by 8-oxodG and MDA, respectively. The duration of alcoholisation and the potential alcohol-induced nutritional deficiency may be critical determinants of ethanol toxicity. Relevant biomarkers, such as factors involved in sensitization to ethanol-induced oxidative stress are required to better elucidate the relationship between alcohol consumption, oxidative stress and carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Petitpas
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Fougères, BP 90203, 35302 Fougères cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kelsey NA, Wilkins HM, Linseman DA. Nutraceutical antioxidants as novel neuroprotective agents. Molecules 2010; 15:7792-814. [PMID: 21060289 PMCID: PMC4697862 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15117792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of antioxidant compounds derived from natural products (nutraceuticals) have demonstrated neuroprotective activity in either in vitro or in vivo models of neuronal cell death or neurodegeneration, respectively. These natural antioxidants fall into several distinct groups based on their chemical structures: (1) flavonoid polyphenols like epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea and quercetin from apples; (2) non-flavonoid polyphenols such as curcumin from tumeric and resveratrol from grapes; (3) phenolic acids or phenolic diterpenes such as rosmarinic acid or carnosic acid, respectively, both from rosemary; and (4) organosulfur compounds including the isothiocyanate, L-sulforaphane, from broccoli and the thiosulfonate allicin, from garlic. All of these compounds are generally considered to be antioxidants. They may be classified this way either because they directly scavenge free radicals or they indirectly increase endogenous cellular antioxidant defenses, for example, via activation of the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor pathway. Alternative mechanisms of action have also been suggested for the neuroprotective effects of these compounds such as modulation of signal transduction cascades or effects on gene expression. Here, we review the literature pertaining to these various classes of nutraceutical antioxidants and discuss their potential therapeutic value in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A. Kelsey
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, USA; E-Mails: (N.A.K.); (H.M.W.)
| | - Heather M. Wilkins
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, USA; E-Mails: (N.A.K.); (H.M.W.)
| | - Daniel A. Linseman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, USA; E-Mails: (N.A.K.); (H.M.W.)
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado 80220, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1 (303) 871-5654; Fax: +1 (303) 871-5699
| |
Collapse
|