1
|
Bijnens S, Depoortere I. Controlled light exposure and intermittent fasting as treatment strategies for metabolic syndrome and gut microbiome dysregulation in night shift workers. Physiol Behav 2023; 263:114103. [PMID: 36731762 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clocks are entrained by environmental time cues, such as the light-dark cycle and the feeding-fasting cycle. In modern society, circadian misalignment is increasingly more common under the guise of shift work. Shift workers, accounting for roughly 20% of the workforce population, are more susceptible to metabolic disease. Exposure to artificial light at night and eating at inappropriate times of the day uncouples the central and peripheral circadian clocks. This internal circadian desynchrony is believed to be one of the culprits leading to metabolic disease. In this review, we discuss how alterations in the rhythm of gut microbiota and their metabolites during chronodisruption send conflicting signals to the host, which may ultimately contribute to disturbed metabolic processes. We propose two behavioral interventions to improve health in shift workers. Firstly, by carefully timing the moments of exposure to blue light, and hence shifting the melatonin peak, to improve sleep quality of daytime sleeping episodes. Secondly, by timing the daily time window of caloric intake to the biological morning, to properly align the feeding-fasting cycle with the light-dark cycle and to reduce the risk of metabolic disease. These interventions can be a first step in reducing the worldwide burden of health problems associated with shift work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Bijnens
- Gut Peptide Research Lab, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inge Depoortere
- Gut Peptide Research Lab, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Juliana N, Azmi L, Effendy NM, Mohd Fahmi Teng NI, Abu IF, Abu Bakar NN, Azmani S, Yazit NAA, Kadiman S, Das S. Effect of Circadian Rhythm Disturbance on the Human Musculoskeletal System and the Importance of Nutritional Strategies. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030734. [PMID: 36771440 PMCID: PMC9920183 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian system in the human body responds to daily environmental changes to optimise behaviour according to the biological clock and also influences various physiological processes. The suprachiasmatic nuclei are located in the anterior hypothalamus of the brain, and they synchronise to the 24 h light/dark cycle. Human physiological functions are highly dependent on the regulation of the internal circadian clock. Skeletal muscles comprise the largest collection of peripheral clocks in the human body. Both central and peripheral clocks regulate the interaction between the musculoskeletal system and energy metabolism. The skeletal muscle circadian clock plays a vital role in lipid and glucose metabolism. The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is related to an alteration in the circadian rhythm. In the present review, we discuss the disturbance of the circadian rhythm and its resultant effect on the musculoskeletal system. We also discuss the nutritional strategies that are potentially effective in maintaining the system's homeostasis. Active collaborations between nutritionists and physiologists in the field of chronobiological and chrononutrition will further clarify these interactions. This review may be necessary for successful interventions in reducing morbidity and mortality resulting from musculoskeletal disturbances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norsham Juliana
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-13-331-1706
| | - Liyana Azmi
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Nadia Mohd Effendy
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | | | - Izuddin Fahmy Abu
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - Nur Nabilah Abu Bakar
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Sahar Azmani
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Noor Anisah Abu Yazit
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Suhaini Kadiman
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, National Heart Institute, Kuala Lumpur 50400, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human & Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kader M, Bigert C, Andersson T, Selander J, Bodin T, Skröder H, Härmä M, Albin M, Gustavsson P. Shift and night work during pregnancy and preterm birth-a cohort study of Swedish health care employees. Int J Epidemiol 2022; 50:1864-1874. [PMID: 34999871 PMCID: PMC8743126 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies of preterm birth (PTB) concerning night work have been inconclusive and partly limited by imprecise data on working schedules. This study investigated the risk of PTB in relation to detailed, registry-based data on working hours. METHODS In a register-based prospective cohort study, we identified 4970 singleton births with information on PTB from the Swedish Medical Birth Register of health care employees in Stockholm. Day-by-day information on working hours 2008-16 was obtained from a computerized employee register. Odds ratios (ORs) of PTB according to work hour characteristics were analysed by logistic regression adjusted for mother's age, stature, body mass index (BMI), parity, smoking habits, education, profession and country of birth. RESULTS There was an increased risk of PTB among those who frequently worked night shifts (>25 times) [OR, 1.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03-2.53] and who ever worked ≥3 consecutive night shifts (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.03-1.99) during the first trimester. Frequently (> 8 times) working 3 or more consecutive nights, and frequently (>18 times) having quick returns from night shifts (<28 h) during the first trimester showed 3-4 fold increased risk of PTB. Moreover, working frequent (>20 times) long shifts (≥10 h) (OR 1.63; 95% CI, 1.07-2.49) during the first trimester and working any Week >40 h (OR 2.05; 95% CI, 1.31-3.22) during the third trimester were associated with PTB. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of Swedish health care employees with registry-based data on working hours, night work, especially working frequent consecutive nights, and quick returns from night shifts during the first trimester were associated with increased risk of PTB among pregnant women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manzur Kader
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carolina Bigert
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Andersson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Selander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Theo Bodin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Skröder
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikko Härmä
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Albin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Gustavsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nikolaev G, Robeva R, Konakchieva R. Membrane Melatonin Receptors Activated Cell Signaling in Physiology and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010471. [PMID: 35008896 PMCID: PMC8745360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pineal hormone melatonin has attracted great scientific interest since its discovery in 1958. Despite the enormous number of basic and clinical studies the exact role of melatonin in respect to human physiology remains elusive. In humans, two high-affinity receptors for melatonin, MT1 and MT2, belonging to the family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been cloned and identified. The two receptor types activate Gi proteins and MT2 couples additionally to Gq proteins to modulate intracellular events. The individual effects of MT1 and MT2 receptor activation in a variety of cells are complemented by their ability to form homo- and heterodimers, the functional relevance of which is yet to be confirmed. Recently, several melatonin receptor genetic polymorphisms were discovered and implicated in pathology-for instance in type 2 diabetes, autoimmune disease, and cancer. The circadian patterns of melatonin secretion, its pleiotropic effects depending on cell type and condition, and the already demonstrated cross-talks of melatonin receptors with other signal transduction pathways further contribute to the perplexity of research on the role of the pineal hormone in humans. In this review we try to summarize the current knowledge on the membrane melatonin receptor activated cell signaling in physiology and pathology and their relevance to certain disease conditions including cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Nikolaev
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ralitsa Robeva
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Rossitza Konakchieva
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Protective role of melatonin in breast cancer: what we can learn from women with blindness. Cancer Causes Control 2021; 33:1-13. [PMID: 34837156 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01502-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review proposes an overall vision of the protective and therapeutic role of melatonin in breast cancer: from the specific cases of blind women and their reduction of breast cancer incidence to all clinical uses of the sleep hormone in breast cancer. METHODS We reviewed studies focused on (1) the correlation between blindness and breast cancer, (2) the correlation between melatonin and breast cancer occurrence in the general population, (3) melatonin therapeutic use in breast cancer, and (4) we discussed the properties of melatonin that could explain an anticancer effect. RESULTS (1) Seven studies of breast cancer risk in blind women related significant incidence decreases, up to 57%, among totally blind women. The limited number of studies and the absence of adjustment for confounding factors in most studies limit conclusions. None of these studies established melatonin profiles to determine whether blind women with a decreased breast cancer incidence produced higher levels of melatonin. (2) In the general population, 5 meta-analyses and 12 prospective-cohort studies focused on melatonin levels at recruitment and breast cancer occurrence. All reported the absence of correlation in premenopausal women, whereas in postmenopausal women, most studies showed significantly decreased risk for women with highest melatonin levels. (3) The therapeutic interest of melatonin associated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormonotherapy is poorly documented in breast cancer to conclude on a positive effect. (4) Melatonin effects on mammary carcinogenesis were only reported in in vitro and animal studies that demonstrated antiestrogenic, antioxidant, oncostatic, and immunomodulatory properties. CONCLUSION The preventive role of high endogenous melatonin on breast cancer as well as its beneficial therapeutic use remains to be proven.
Collapse
|
6
|
Elovainio M, Komulainen K, Lipsanen J, Partonen T, Pesonen AK, Pulkki-Råback L, Paunio T, Kähönen M, Vahtera J, Virtanen M, Ruuhela R, Hakulinen C, Raitakari O. Long-term cumulative light exposure from the natural environment and sleep: A cohort study. J Sleep Res 2021; 31:e13511. [PMID: 34729842 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We analysed (A) the association of short-term as well as long-term cumulative exposure to natural light, and (B) the association of detailed temporal patterns of natural light exposure history with three indicators of sleep: sleep duration, sleep problems, and diurnal preference. Data (N = 1,962; 55% women; mean age 41.4 years) were from the prospective Young Finns Study, which we linked to daily meteorological data on each participant's neighbourhood natural light exposure using residential postal codes. Sleep outcomes were self-reported in 2011. We first examined associations of the sleep outcomes with cumulative light exposure of 5-year, 2-year, 1-year, and 2-month periods prior to the sleep assessment using linear and Poisson regression models adjusting for potential confounders. We then used a data-driven time series approach to detect clusters of participants with different light exposure histories and assessed the associations of these clusters with the sleep outcomes using linear and Poisson regression analyses. A greater cumulative light exposure over ≥1 year was associated with a shorter sleep duration (β = -0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.15 to -0.04), more sleep problems (incident rate ratio [IRR] 1.04, 95% CI 1.0-1.07) and diurnal preference towards eveningness (β = -0.09, 95% CI -0.14 to -0.03). The data-driven exposure pattern of "slowly increasing" light exposure was associated with fewer overall sleep problems (IRR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.98) compared to a "recently declining" light exposure group representing the "average-exposure" group. These findings suggest that living in an area with relatively more intense light exposure for a longer period of time influences sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Elovainio
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisla Komulainen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lipsanen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Partonen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu-Katriina Pesonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Pulkki-Råback
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Paunio
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,SleepWell-Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikä Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marianna Virtanen
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.,Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Reija Ruuhela
- Weather and Climate Change Impact Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Hakulinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Y, Xu Z. Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Insulin Levels and Insulin Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Horm Metab Res 2021; 53:616-624. [PMID: 34496412 DOI: 10.1055/a-1544-8181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a pivotal process in various metabolic diseases. The well-known treatment is lifestyle modification and medication therapy, which may result in poor compliance and side effects. Melatonin has been suggested to have a role in glucose metabolism, yet the results across studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to evaluate the effects of melatonin supplementation on insulin levels and IR. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov, and identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published prior to August 2020. Articles were reviewed, selected and extracted by two reviewers independently. In total, 8 RCTs of 376 participants were included. Data were pooled using a random-effects model, with mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Our results showed that melatonin administration significantly reduced insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and increased the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). We conclude that melatonin ameliorated hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and insulin sensitivity, and the results are an update of a previous meta-analysis. Although more investigations are required, we clearly provide evidence for the use of melatonin as an adjuvant treatment for metabolic disorders involving IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Zhenbin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Charlot A, Hutt F, Sabatier E, Zoll J. Beneficial Effects of Early Time-Restricted Feeding on Metabolic Diseases: Importance of Aligning Food Habits with the Circadian Clock. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051405. [PMID: 33921979 PMCID: PMC8143522 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of metabolic health is a major societal concern due to the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and various cardiovascular diseases. The circadian clock is clearly implicated in the development of these metabolic diseases. Indeed, it regulates physiological processes by hormone modulation, thus helping the body to perform them at the ideal time of day. Since the industrial revolution, the actions and rhythms of everyday life have been modified and are characterized by changes in sleep pattern, work schedules, and eating habits. These modifications have in turn lead to night shift, social jetlag, late-night eating, and meal skipping, a group of customs that causes circadian rhythm disruption and leads to an increase in metabolic risks. Intermittent fasting, especially the time-restricted eating, proposes a solution: restraining the feeding window from 6 to 10 h per day to match it with the circadian clock. This approach seems to improve metabolic health markers and could be a therapeutic solution to fight against metabolic diseases. This review summarizes the importance of matching life habits with circadian rhythms for metabolic health and assesses the advantages and limits of the application of time-restricted fasting with the objective of treating and preventing metabolic diseases.
Collapse
|
9
|
Salivary Biomarkers and Work-Related Stress in Night Shift Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063184. [PMID: 33808679 PMCID: PMC8003447 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Work organization, such as shifts and night work, can interfere with the perception of work-related stress and therefore on the development of pathological conditions. Night shift work, particularly, can have a negative impact on workers’ wellbeing by interfering with the biological sphere. The aim of this study is to evaluate the associations between work activities, shift work effects and stress-related responses in 106 dock workers enrolled in southeast Italy. Dock workers’ tasks consist of complex activities that seemed to affect more sleep quality than work-related stress. An analysis of salivary biomarkers such as cortisol, α-amylase, melatonin and lysozyme was performed along with validated psycho-diagnostic questionnaires. Alpha-amylase showed a significant negative correlation with the effort/reward imbalance score; thus, the measurement of salivary α-amylase is proposed as a sensitive and non-invasive biomarker of work-related stress. This study may provide new insights into developing strategies for the management of night shift work. Salivary biomarkers should be further investigated in the future in order to develop simple and effective tools for the early diagnosis of work-related stress or its outcomes.
Collapse
|
10
|
El-Benhawy SA, El-Tahan RA, Nakhla SF. Exposure to Radiation During Work Shifts and Working at Night Act as Occupational Stressors Alter Redox and Inflammatory Markers. Arch Med Res 2020; 52:76-83. [PMID: 33039210 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of breast cancer etiology suggest evidence that night shift working and occupational exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) are defined risk factors for breast cancer development. There are few studies to clarify neuroendocrine and inflammatory status and the possible consequences particularly in occupational exposure. AIM OF THE STUDY Our aim was to associate the redox and inflammatory biomarkers with either nightshift working or occupational radiation exposure, and to compare their levels between the two groups at Alexandria University Hospitals, Alexandria, Egypt. METHODS We included 150 female nurses at Alexandria University Hospitals: 50 nightshift workers, 50 radiation workers, and 50 dayshift workers as a control group (neither work nightly nor radiation workers). In morning serum sample (7 am), we measured the concentrations of serum melatonin, Cortisol, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) by ELISA; malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels colorimetrically, and C-reactive protein (C-RP) levels by turbidimetric method. RESULTS Nightshift workers had significantly lower levels of melatonin and TAC, and higher levels of serum inflammatory markers and cortisol, than day shift control group of workers. Workers occupationally exposed to IR had significantly higher levels of serum melatonin, MDA and inflammatory markers, lower levels of serum cortisol, and lower TAC than day shift workers. CONCLUSION Occupational exposure to IR and working nightly alter circulating redox and inflammatory biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa A El-Benhawy
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rasha A El-Tahan
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Sameh F Nakhla
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rahman FS, Martiana T. Pregnancy disorders in female workers at the industrial area of Sidoarjo, Indonesia. J Public Health Res 2020; 9:1824. [PMID: 32728568 PMCID: PMC7376466 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2020.1824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The number of female workers in Indonesia has increased and female workers have been discovered to be very vulnerable to several hazards and health problems in the workplace environment linked to their menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze risk factors associated with pregnancy disorders in female workers. Design and Methods: The research was conducted through the use of a cross-sectional design with 307 female workers using simple random sampling. Furthermore, a descriptive analysis was conducted to describe the conditions of the respondents during pregnancy to childbirth process. Results: The results showed 45% of respondents had pregnancy disorders, 16% had miscarriages, and despite the fact most of the prenatal care processes was assisted by doctors or midwives, 2.6% of the respondents consulted Traditional Birth Attendants, who were also recorded and was found to account for 2.9% of the deliveries. Moreover, the risk factors associated with pregnancy disorders include vibrations (P=0.004), irritants (P=0.002) and repetitive works (P=0.009). Conclusions: It is recommended that companies should provide maternal and child health protection and control for any risk associated with female workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tri Martiana
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim JH, Song Y. The effects of indoor ambient temperature at work on physiological adaptation in night shift nurses. J Nurs Manag 2020; 28:1098-1103. [PMID: 32452590 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the effects of indoor ambient temperature on thermal comfort, night work tolerance (fatigue, sleepiness and night adaptation) and urinary melatonin in night shift nurses. BACKGROUND Night shift induces physical stress and mental stress. Night shift work and ambient temperature are associated with work performance. The working environment must be improved for successful night shift working. However, the effects of indoor ambient temperature on night shift nurses are unclear. METHODS In this crossover study, 20 participants were divided into two groups of 10 and were assigned to work in one of two thermo-controlled environments (23°C vs. 26°C) during two consecutive night shifts. Thermal and humidity sensation vote, night work tolerance, body temperature and urinary melatonin were assessed. RESULTS There were significant differences between the two groups in thermal sensation and body temperature. There were no significant differences in humidity sensation vote or night work tolerance. Urinary melatonin levels decreased significantly during the second 23°C night shift. CONCLUSION A temperature of 23°C may exert a positive effect on night shift adaptation. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Nurses and nursing managers should assess thermal comfort during night shifts, and improved thermal comfort level should be provided to nurses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hun Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Yeoungsuk Song
- Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kyungpook National University College of Nursing, Daegu, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang D, Zhou Y, Ma J, Xiao L, Cao L, Zhou M, Kong W, Wang Z, Li W, He M, Zhang X, Guo H, Yuan J, Chen W. Association between shift work and hearing loss: The Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study. Hear Res 2019; 384:107827. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.107827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
14
|
Razavi P, Devore EE, Bajaj A, Lockley SW, Figueiro MG, Ricchiuti V, Gauderman WJ, Hankinson SE, Willett WC, Schernhammer ES. Shift Work, Chronotype, and Melatonin Rhythm in Nurses. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:1177-1186. [PMID: 31142495 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies associated night-shift work with melatonin disruption, with mixed evidence regarding the modulating effects of chronotype (i.e., diurnal preference). METHODS One hundred and thirty active nurses (84 rotating-shift and 46 day-shift workers) in the Nurses' Health Study II wore a head-mounted light meter and collected spontaneous urine voids over 3 days. 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s), the major urinary metabolite of melatonin, was assessed. RESULTS Rotating-shift workers on night shifts had more light exposure and lower urinary melatonin levels during the night, and urinary melatonin rhythms with smaller peaks [11.81 ng/mg-creatinine/h, 95% confidence interval (CI), 9.49-14.71 vs. 14.83 ng/mg-creatinine/h, 95% CI, 11.72-18.75] and later peak onset (5.71 hours, 95% CI, 4.76-6.85 vs. 4.10 hours, 95% CI, 3.37-4.99), compared with day-shift workers. Furthermore, evening chronotypes' melatonin rhythms had later peak onset compared with morning types (4.90 hours, 95% CI, 3.94-6.09 vs. 3.64 hours, 95% CI, 2.99-4.43). However, among day-shift workers, morning chronotypes had melatonin rhythms with greater mean levels, larger peaks, and earlier peak onset compared with evening chronotypes; patterns were similar comparing evening versus morning chronotypes among rotating-shift workers on night shifts. The interaction of rotating-shift work and chronotype was significant across all parameters (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS As expected, rotating-shift workers on night shifts had greater light exposure and lower urinary melatonin levels during the night compared with day-shift workers. Intriguingly, melatonin rhythms were dependent on both chronotype and rotating-shift work type, and better alignment of rotating-shift work and chronotype appeared to produce less disrupted melatonin rhythms. IMPACT The joint effects of shift-work type and chronotype require attention in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Razavi
- Department of Medicine and Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Elizabeth E Devore
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Archna Bajaj
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Steven W Lockley
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mariana G Figueiro
- Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | | | - W James Gauderman
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Susan E Hankinson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Walter C Willett
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eva S Schernhammer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
LOWDEN A, ÖZTÜRK G, REYNOLDS A, BJORVATN B. Working Time Society consensus statements: Evidence based interventions using light to improve circadian adaptation to working hours. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2019; 57:213-227. [PMID: 30700675 PMCID: PMC6449639 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.sw-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Interventions and strategies to improve health through the management of circadian (re) adaptation have been explored in the field, and in both human and animal laboratory manipulations of shiftwork. As part of an initiative by the Working Time Society (WTS) and International Committee on Occupational Health (ICOH), this review summarises the literature on the management of circadian (re) adaption using bright light treatment. Recommendations to maximise circadian adaptation are summarised for practitioners based on a variety of shiftwork schedules. In slowly rotating night shift schedules bright light appears most suitable when used in connection with the first three night shifts. These interventions are improved when combined with orange glasses (to block blue-green light exposure) for the commute home. Non-shifting strategies involve a lower dosage of light at night and promoting natural daylight exposure during the day (also recommended for day shifts) in acordance with the phase and amplitude response curves to light in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arne LOWDEN
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Gülcin ÖZTÜRK
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | | | - Bjørn BJORVATN
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care,
University of Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dou Y, Lin B, Cheng H, Wang C, Zhao M, Zhang J, Wu J. The reduction of melatonin levels is associated with the development of preeclampsia: a meta-analysis. Hypertens Pregnancy 2019; 38:65-72. [PMID: 30794002 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2019.1581215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this analysis was to demonstrate the association between melatonin levels and the development of preeclampsia. METHODS Standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using a random effects model. RESULTS The pooled SMD between case and control was 1.40 (95% CI: 0.26, 2.55; P = 0.02). And the pooled SMD between mild PE and severe PE was 5.25 (95% CI: 1.5, 9.01; P = 0.006). CONCLUSION The meta-analysis illustrated that melatonin concentration was significantly lower in women with preeclampsia, and correlated with the severity of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyan Dou
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Binbin Lin
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Hui Cheng
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Changbao Wang
- b School of Clinical Medicine , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Jie Zhang
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Jing Wu
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hammer PEC, Garde AH, Begtrup LM, Flachs EM, Hansen J, Hansen ÅM, Hougaard KS, Kolstad HA, Larsen AD, Pinborg AB, Specht IO, Bonde JP. Night work and sick leave during pregnancy: a national register-based within-worker cohort study. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:163-168. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-105331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to investigate the acute effect of night work during pregnancy on the risk of calling in sick the following day using register-based information and the workers as their own controls.MethodsUsing the payroll-based national Danish Working Hour Database, including all public hospital employees in Denmark, we identified 9799 pregnant women with ≥1 day shift and ≥1 night shift and ≥1 day of sick leave during the first 32 pregnancy weeks from January 2007 to December 2013. We performed fixed effects logistic regression, that is, within-worker comparisons, of the risk of sick leave of any duration starting within 24 hours after night shifts of different length versus day shifts.ResultsMost of the participants were nurses (64%) or physicians (16%). We found an increased relative risk of sick leave following night shifts compared with day shifts during all pregnancy trimesters. The risk was highest for night shifts lasting >12 hours (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.63 for nurses; OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.69 to 2.08 for physicians) and among women aged >35 years (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.63).ConclusionAmong Danish public hospital employees night shifts during pregnancy, especially shifts longer than 12 hours, increased the risk of calling in sick the following day independent of personal factors and time-invariant confounders in all pregnancy trimesters.
Collapse
|
18
|
Ma Q, Tan Y, Chen X, Chen S, Sun Y, Zhou B. Regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway by miR-421-5p in rats under light pollution. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3329-3343. [PMID: 30221682 PMCID: PMC6202112 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the difference in the expression profiles of ovarian microRNA sequences in rats in a light pollution environment and rats in a normal light environment. Rats in the control group were exposed to 12‑h light/dark cycles, while rats in the model group were continuously exposed to 24‑h light. The ovaries were extracted from the two groups of rats, and Illumina HiSeq 2500 high‑throughput sequencing technology was used to detect the differences in microRNA (miRNA) expression among the two groups. Fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction was used to verify the differential expression of miRNA. The present study was designed to experimentally validate the interaction between miR‑421‑5p and mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) 7 by using the dual‑luciferase reporter system, and to explore the expression of proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway with a lentiviral vector‑mediated small hairpin RNA interference against microRNA‑421‑5p. The expression of 45 miRNAs was significantly different. In total, 13 miRNAs were upregulated, of which 5 miRNA sequences were known and 8 were predicted. Furthermore, 32 miRNAs were downregulated, of which 11 miRNA sequences were known and 21 were predicted. The results of the luciferase reporter assay confirmed the targeting association between miR‑421‑5p and MAPK7. The expression levels of MAPK and genes in its downstream signaling pathways, including c‑Fos, CREB and c‑Myc, were downregulated when miR‑421‑5p was overexpressed and upregulated when miR‑421‑5p was silenced. The differential expression of miRNAs may serve an important role in the development of the ovary in a light pollution environment. miR‑421‑5p may regulate ovarian growth and development by targeting the MAPK signaling pathway in light polluted rat ovaries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Ma
- Zhenjiang Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhenjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Tan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Zhenjiang Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhenjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Shuping Chen
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Sun
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Beibei Zhou
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Motta-Teixeira LC, Machado-Nils AV, Battagello DS, Diniz GB, Andrade-Silva J, Silva S, Matos RA, do Amaral FG, Xavier GF, Bittencourt JC, Reiter RJ, Lucassen PJ, Korosi A, Cipolla-Neto J. The absence of maternal pineal melatonin rhythm during pregnancy and lactation impairs offspring physical growth, neurodevelopment, and behavior. Horm Behav 2018; 105:146-156. [PMID: 30114430 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Maternal melatonin provides photoperiodic information to the fetus and thus influences the regulation and timing of the offspring's internal rhythms and preparation for extra-uterine development. There is clinical evidence that melatonin deprivation of both mother and fetus during pregnancy, and of the neonate during lactation, results in negative long-term health outcomes. As a consequence, we hypothesized that the absence of maternal pineal melatonin might determine abnormal brain programming in the offspring, which would lead to long-lasting implications for behavior and brain function. To test our hypothesis, we investigated in rats the effects of maternal melatonin deprivation during gestation and lactation (MMD) to the offspring and the effects of its therapeutic replacement. The parameters evaluated were: (1) somatic, physical growth and neurobehavioral development of pups of both sexes; (2) hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory of the male offspring; (3) adult hippocampal neurogenesis of the male offspring. Our findings show that MMD significantly delayed male offspring's onset of fur development, pinna detachment, eyes opening, eruption of superior incisor teeth, testis descent and the time of maturation of palmar grasp, righting reflex, free-fall righting and walking. Conversely, female offspring neurodevelopment was not affected. Later on, male offspring show that MMD was able to disrupt both spatial reference and working memory in the Morris Water Maze paradigm and these deficits correlate with changes in the number of proliferative cells in the hippocampus. Importantly, all the observed impairments were reversed by maternal melatonin replacement therapy. In summary, we demonstrate that MMD delays the appearance of physical features, neurodevelopment and cognition in the male offspring, and points to putative public health implications for night shift working mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Clemente Motta-Teixeira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Giovanne Baroni Diniz
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Andrade-Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sinésio Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Raphael Afonso Matos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Gaspar do Amaral
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Jackson Cioni Bittencourt
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular & Structural Biology, University of Texas, Health Science Center, San Antonio, USA
| | - Paul John Lucassen
- Brain Plasticity Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aniko Korosi
- Brain Plasticity Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Swanson CM, Kohrt WM, Buxton OM, Everson CA, Wright KP, Orwoll ES, Shea SA. The importance of the circadian system & sleep for bone health. Metabolism 2018; 84:28-43. [PMID: 29229227 PMCID: PMC5994176 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adequate sleep timed appropriately during the circadian night is important for numerous biological processes and systems. New evidence suggests that both sleep timing and duration may be important for optimal bone health as well. This review examines the diurnal variation of bone turnover markers (BTMs) and the importance of circadian clock genes in regulating bone mass. In addition, this review explores the evidence for a link between shift work (and its associated disturbances in sleep duration/quality and circadian alignment) and alterations in bone metabolism and bone health. Finally, we review how commonly used medications and over-the-counter substances (e.g. caffeine, melatonin) complicate the relationship between sleep and circadian disorders and bone health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Swanson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Wendy M Kohrt
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Eastern Colorado VA Geriatric, Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Sleep Health Institute, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carol A Everson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kenneth P Wright
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Eric S Orwoll
- Division of Endocrinology and Bone and Mineral Unit, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Steven A Shea
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cheng P, Tallent G, Burgess HJ, Tran KM, Roth T, Drake CL. Daytime Sleep Disturbance in Night Shift Work and the Role of PERIOD3. J Clin Sleep Med 2018; 14:393-400. [PMID: 29510794 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.6984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Recent evidence indicates that daytime sleep disturbance associated with night shift work may arise from both circadian misalignment and sleep reactivity to stress. This presents an important clinical challenge because there are limited means of predicting and distinguishing between the two mechanisms, and the respective treatments differ categorically; however, there is support that a polymorphism in the PERIOD3 gene (PER3) may indicate differences in vulnerability to daytime sleep disturbance in shift workers. METHODS We recruited 30 fixed night shift workers for laboratory assessments of circadian misalignment (dim light melatonin onset), sleep reactivity to stress (Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test), daytime sleep disturbance (daytime Insomnia Severity Index), and PER3 genotype (PER34/4, PER35/-). The two mechanisms for daytime sleep disturbance (circadian misalignment and sleep reactivity to stress) were compared between PER3 genotypes. RESULTS Disturbed daytime sleep in the PER34/4 group was more likely related to sleep reactivity to stress, whereas disturbed sleep in the PER35/- group was more likely related to circadian misalignment. Exploratory analyses also revealed a blunted melatonin amplitude in the PER34/4 genotype group. CONCLUSIONS This study provides further evidence for multiple mechanisms (ie, circadian misalignment versus sleep reactivity to stress) associated with daytime sleep disturbances in shift workers. Additionally, it provides the new finding that PER3 genotype may play an important role in individual vulnerability to the different mechanisms of daytime sleep disturbance in night shift workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Cheng
- Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Gabriel Tallent
- Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Helen J Burgess
- Biological Rhythms Research Laboratory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Thomas Roth
- Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Christopher L Drake
- Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gynaecological cancer and night shift work: A systematic review. Maturitas 2018; 110:21-28. [PMID: 29563031 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Night shift work can affect hormonal balance, and so might be a risk factor for gynaecological malignancies. This report presents a systematic review on the association between this occupational exposure and the incidence of gynaecological cancers other than breast cancer. We searched for original articles addressing this issue in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science, and used the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Index to evaluate the methodological quality of those reports selected for review. Globally, we found only six articles, which provided the results of just six research studies: four examined ovarian cancer, two endometrial tumours and two cervical cancer. Our results show that this matter has received scant attention from the research community, and that the little evidence available does not show any clear relationship between night shift work and ovarian, endometrial or cervical cancer. More prospective rigorous studies are needed to evaluate these associations.
Collapse
|
23
|
Lunn RM, Blask DE, Coogan AN, Figueiro MG, Gorman MR, Hall JE, Hansen J, Nelson RJ, Panda S, Smolensky MH, Stevens RG, Turek FW, Vermeulen R, Carreón T, Caruso CC, Lawson CC, Thayer KA, Twery MJ, Ewens AD, Garner SC, Schwingl PJ, Boyd WA. Health consequences of electric lighting practices in the modern world: A report on the National Toxicology Program's workshop on shift work at night, artificial light at night, and circadian disruption. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:1073-1084. [PMID: 28724246 PMCID: PMC5587396 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The invention of electric light has facilitated a society in which people work, sleep, eat, and play at all hours of the 24-hour day. Although electric light clearly has benefited humankind, exposures to electric light, especially light at night (LAN), may disrupt sleep and biological processes controlled by endogenous circadian clocks, potentially resulting in adverse health outcomes. Many of the studies evaluating adverse health effects have been conducted among night- and rotating-shift workers, because this scenario gives rise to significant exposure to LAN. Because of the complexity of this topic, the National Toxicology Program convened an expert panel at a public workshop entitled "Shift Work at Night, Artificial Light at Night, and Circadian Disruption" to obtain input on conducting literature-based health hazard assessments and to identify data gaps and research needs. The Panel suggested describing light both as a direct effector of endogenous circadian clocks and rhythms and as an enabler of additional activities or behaviors that may lead to circadian disruption, such as night-shift work and atypical and inconsistent sleep-wake patterns that can lead to social jet lag. Future studies should more comprehensively characterize and measure the relevant light-related exposures and link these exposures to both time-independent biomarkers of circadian disruption and biomarkers of adverse health outcomes. This information should lead to improvements in human epidemiological and animal or in vitro models, more rigorous health hazard assessments, and intervention strategies to minimize the occurrence of adverse health outcomes due to these exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth M Lunn
- Office of the Report on Carcinogens, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - David E Blask
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Chrono-Neuroendocrine Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Andrew N Coogan
- Maynooth University Department of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Mariana G Figueiro
- Light and Health Program, Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Michael R Gorman
- Department of Psychology and Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Janet E Hall
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Johnni Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | | | - Michael H Smolensky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States; Sleep Medicine, The University of Texas-Houston McGovern School of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Richard G Stevens
- School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Fred W Turek
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tania Carreón
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Claire C Caruso
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Christina C Lawson
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Kristina A Thayer
- Office of Health Assessment and Translation, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Michael J Twery
- National Center on Sleep Disorders Research, Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew D Ewens
- Contractor in support of the NIEHS Report on Carcinogens, Integrated Laboratory Systems (ILS), Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sanford C Garner
- Contractor in support of the NIEHS Report on Carcinogens, Integrated Laboratory Systems (ILS), Durham, NC, United States
| | - Pamela J Schwingl
- Contractor in support of the NIEHS Report on Carcinogens, Integrated Laboratory Systems (ILS), Durham, NC, United States
| | - Windy A Boyd
- Office of Health Assessment and Translation, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hedström AK, Åkerstedt T, Klareskog L, Alfredsson L. Relationship between shift work and the onset of rheumatoid arthritis. RMD Open 2017; 3:e000475. [PMID: 29225920 PMCID: PMC5706490 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2017-000475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Environmental factors play a prominent role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) aetiology. Shift work has previously been associated with increased RA risk in females. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association, including a dose–response association, between permanent night shift work, rotating shift work and day-oriented shift work and risk of developing anticitrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA)-positive and ACPA-negative RA. Methods The present report is based on a population-based, case–control study with incident cases of RA (1951 cases and 2225 controls matched by age, gender and residential area). Using logistic regression, occurrence of RA among subjects who have been exposed to different kinds of shift work was compared with that among those who have never been exposed by calculating the OR with a 95% CI. Results Rotating shift work and day-oriented shift work increased the risk of developing ACPA-positive RA (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.7 and OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.6), but not ACPA-negative RA. Permanent night shift work appeared to be a protective factor both against ACPA-positive RA (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6 to 0.9) and ACPA-negative RA (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6 to 1.0). For both subsets of RA, significant trends showed a lower risk of developing RA with increasing duration of permanent night shift work (p value for trend 0.002 vs 0.04). Conclusions Sleep restriction as a consequence of shift work is associated with several biological effects among which changes in melatonin production may be involved. The present epidemiological findings of a complex relationship between sleep patterns and different forms of RA may be of importance for increasing the understanding of the pathophysiology of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karin Hedström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Stress Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Klareskog
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yelamanchi SD, Kumar M, Madugundu AK, Gopalakrishnan L, Dey G, Chavan S, Sathe G, Mathur PP, Gowda H, Mahadevan A, Shankar SK, Prasad TSK. Characterization of human pineal gland proteome. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 12:3622-3632. [PMID: 27714013 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00507a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine gland located at the center of the brain. It is known to regulate various physiological functions in the body through secretion of the neurohormone melatonin. Comprehensive characterization of the human pineal gland proteome has not been undertaken to date. We employed a high-resolution mass spectrometry-based approach to characterize the proteome of the human pineal gland. A total of 5874 proteins were identified from the human pineal gland in this study. Of these, 5820 proteins were identified from the human pineal gland for the first time. Interestingly, 1136 proteins from the human pineal gland were found to contain a signal peptide domain, which indicates the secretory nature of these proteins. An unbiased global proteomic profile of this biomedically important organ should benefit molecular research to unravel the role of the pineal gland in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soujanya D Yelamanchi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560 066, India. and School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751 024, India.
| | - Manish Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560 066, India. and Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - Anil K Madugundu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560 066, India. and Centre for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
| | | | - Gourav Dey
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560 066, India. and Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - Sandip Chavan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560 066, India. and Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - Gajanan Sathe
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560 066, India. and Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - Premendu P Mathur
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751 024, India. and Centre for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560 066, India. and School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751 024, India. and YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore 575 018, India
| | - Anita Mahadevan
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore 560 029, India. and Human Brain Tissue Repository, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore 560 029, India
| | - Susarla K Shankar
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore 560 029, India. and Human Brain Tissue Repository, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore 560 029, India and Proteomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore 560 029, India
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560 066, India. and YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore 575 018, India and Proteomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore 560 029, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hunter CM, Figueiro MG. Measuring Light at Night and Melatonin Levels in Shift Workers: A Review of the Literature. Biol Res Nurs 2017; 19:365-374. [PMID: 28627309 PMCID: PMC5862149 DOI: 10.1177/1099800417714069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Shift work, especially that involving rotating and night shifts, is associated with an increased risk of diseases, including cancer. Attempts to explain the association between shift work and cancer in particular have focused on the processes of melatonin production and suppression. One hypothesis postulates that exposure to light at night (LAN) suppresses melatonin, whose production is known to slow the development of cancerous cells, while another proposes that circadian disruption associated with shift work, and not just LAN, increases health risks. This review focuses on six studies that employed quantitative measurement of LAN and melatonin levels to assess cancer risks in shift workers. These studies were identified via searching the PubMed database for peer-reviewed, English-language articles examining the links between shift work, LAN, and disease using the terms light at night, circadian disruption, health, risk, cancer, shift work, or rotating shift. While the results indicate a growing consensus on the relationship between disease risks (particularly cancer) and circadian disruption associated with shift work, the establishment of a direct link between LAN and disease has been impeded by contradictory studies and a lack of consistent, quantitative methods for measuring LAN in the research to date. Better protocols for assessing personal LAN exposure are required, particularly those employing calibrated devices that measure and sample exposure to workplace light conditions, to accurately assess LAN's effects on the circadian system and disease. Other methodologies, such as measuring circadian disruption and melatonin levels in the field, may also help to resolve discrepancies in the findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M. Hunter
- Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Daugaard S, Garde AH, Bonde JPE, Christoffersen J, Hansen ÄM, Markvart J, Schlünssen V, Skene DJ, Vistisen HT, Kolstad HA. Night work, light exposure and melatonin on work days and days off. Chronobiol Int 2017; 34:942-955. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1327867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stine Daugaard
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Helene Garde
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Institute of Public Health, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde
- Bispebjerg Hospital, Department of Occupational Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Institute of Public Health, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Christoffersen
- Velux Danmark A/S, Stakeholder Communications and Sustanability, Horsholm, Denmark
| | - Äse Marie Hansen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Institute of Public Health, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Markvart
- Aalborg Universitet, Department of Energy Performance, Indoor Environment and Sustainability, Danish Building Research Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Aarhus Universitet, Department of Public Health, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Debra J. Skene
- University of Surrey, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Chronobiology, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Helene Tilma Vistisen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik A. Kolstad
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Psychological and Physical Environmental Factors in the Development of Incontinence in Adults and Children: A Comprehensive Review. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2017; 44:181-187. [PMID: 28267126 DOI: 10.1097/won.0000000000000308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to identify etiological environmental factors related to incontinence in children and adults. A variety of etiological environmental factors for the development of incontinence were identified. In children, these encompass stressful life events and trauma, family dysfunction, parental psychopathology, school-related stressors, toilet or "potty" training, fluid consumption habits, housing conditions, and the availability of toilets. In adults, physical exercise, obesity, working conditions, fluid intake, and the availability of toilets play a role. Intervening variables such as hormonal variations due to work shifts have also been identified as influencing the likelihood of incontinence. Current research suggests that environmental factors influence the development of incontinence in children and adults. The interactions between biological factors, the immediate environment, and intervening variables need to be explored in greater detail. Practical solutions to reduce barriers to adequate fluid intake and healthy toileting habits should be implemented in school and work settings.
Collapse
|
29
|
Tsunoda T, Yamada M, Akiyama T, Minami T, Yoshii T, Kondo Y, Satoh S, Terauchi Y. The Effects of Ramelteon on Glucose Metabolism and Sleep Quality in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Insomnia: A Pilot Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med Res 2016; 8:878-887. [PMID: 27829954 PMCID: PMC5087628 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr2754w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Insomnia is associated with the onset and development of diabetes. Melatonin affects sleep quality and glucose metabolism in diabetic patients with insomnia. We administered ramelteon, an agonist of melatonin, to type 2 diabetic patients and investigated its effects on glucose metabolism and insomnia. Methods This multicenter, prospective, randomized, and observational pilot study was performed between April 2014 and April 2015 at three institutes in Japan. Patients were prescribed ramelteon 8 mg/day for 3 months (first period). And patients were divided at random into the continuation group that continued taking ramelteon and the discontinuation group that discontinued taking ramelteon for 3 additional months (second period). The primary endpoint was change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level. Secondary endpoints were changes in global Pittsburgh sleep questionnaire index (PSQI) score and other glucose metabolism makers. Results We enrolled 42 patients, and 32 patients completed the first period. Their mean HbA1c was 6.7%, and global PSQI score was 8.1 on average. HbA1c level did not change but global PSQI score improved from 8.1 to 7.2 by ramelteon (P = 0.030). Thirty-one patients completed the second period. HbA1c level did not change in the continuation group, but it increased from 6.7% to 6.9% (P = 0.003) in the discontinuation group. Global PSQI score did not change in each group. There was no rebound insomnia. Conclusion Treatment with ramelteon did not change the HbA1c level but improved sleep quality in type 2 diabetic patients with insomnia. Discontinuation of ramelteon slightly increased the HbA1c level and did not worsen sleep quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuji Tsunoda
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Associations, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masayo Yamada
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Associations, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Akiyama
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Associations, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Taichi Minami
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Associations, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Taishi Yoshii
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Kondo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chigasaki Municipal Hospital, Chigasaki, Japan
| | - Shinobu Satoh
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chigasaki Municipal Hospital, Chigasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jensen MA, Hansen ÅM, Kristiansen J, Nabe-Nielsen K, Garde AH. Changes in the diurnal rhythms of cortisol, melatonin, and testosterone after 2, 4, and 7 consecutive night shifts in male police officers. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:1280-1292. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2016.1212869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Åse Marie Hansen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Kristiansen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anne Helene Garde
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Smolensky MH, Sackett-Lundeen LL, Portaluppi F. Nocturnal light pollution and underexposure to daytime sunlight: Complementary mechanisms of circadian disruption and related diseases. Chronobiol Int 2015; 32:1029-48. [PMID: 26374931 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2015.1072002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Routine exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN) in work, home, and community settings is linked with increased risk of breast and prostate cancer (BC, PC) in normally sighted women and men, the hypothesized biological rhythm mechanisms being frequent nocturnal melatonin synthesis suppression, circadian time structure (CTS) desynchronization, and sleep/wake cycle disruption with sleep deprivation. ALAN-induced perturbation of the CTS melatonin synchronizer signal is communicated maternally at the very onset of life and after birth via breast or artificial formula feedings. Nighttime use of personal computers, mobile phones, electronic tablets, televisions, and the like--now epidemic in adolescents and adults and highly prevalent in pre-school and school-aged children--is a new source of ALAN. However, ALAN exposure occurs concomitantly with almost complete absence of daytime sunlight, whose blue-violet (446-484 nm λ) spectrum synchronizes the CTS and whose UV-B (290-315 nm λ) spectrum stimulates vitamin D synthesis. Under natural conditions and clear skies, day/night and annual cycles of UV-B irradiation drive corresponding periodicities in vitamin D synthesis and numerous bioprocesses regulated by active metabolites augment and strengthen the biological time structure. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are widespread in children and adults in developed and developing countries as a consequence of inadequate sunlight exposure. Past epidemiologic studies have focused either on exposure to too little daytime UV-B or too much ALAN, respectively, on vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency or melatonin suppression in relation to risk of cancer and other, e.g., psychiatric, hypertensive, cardiac, and vascular, so-called, diseases of civilization. The observed elevated incidence of medical conditions the two are alleged to influence through many complementary bioprocesses of cells, tissues, and organs led us to examine effects of the totality of the artificial light environment in which humans reside today. Never have chronobiologic or epidemiologic investigations comprehensively researched the potentially deleterious consequences of the combination of suppressed vitamin D plus melatonin synthesis due to life in today's man-made artificial light environment, which in our opinion is long overdue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Smolensky
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Linda L Sackett-Lundeen
- b American Association for Clinical Chronobiology and Chronotherapeutics , Roseville , MN , USA , and
| | - Francesco Portaluppi
- c Hypertension Center, S. Anna University Hospital, University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Swanson CM, Shea SA, Stone KL, Cauley JA, Rosen CJ, Redline S, Karsenty G, Orwoll ES. Obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic bone disease: insights into the relationship between bone and sleep. J Bone Miner Res 2015; 30:199-211. [PMID: 25639209 PMCID: PMC4572893 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and low bone mass are two prevalent conditions, particularly among older adults-a section of the U.S. population that is expected to grow dramatically over the coming years. OSA, the most common form of sleep-disordered breathing, has been linked to multiple cardiovascular, metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory derangements and may have adverse effects on bone. However, little is known about how OSA (including the associated hypoxia and sleep loss) affects bone metabolism. In order to gain insight into the relationship between sleep and bone, we review the growing information on OSA and metabolic bone disease and discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms by which OSA may affect bone metabolism/architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Swanson
- Division of Endocrinology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Bone and Mineral Unit, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bonmati-Carrion MA, Arguelles-Prieto R, Martinez-Madrid MJ, Reiter R, Hardeland R, Rol MA, Madrid JA. Protecting the melatonin rhythm through circadian healthy light exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:23448-500. [PMID: 25526564 PMCID: PMC4284776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151223448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, in developed countries, nights are excessively illuminated (light at night), whereas daytime is mainly spent indoors, and thus people are exposed to much lower light intensities than under natural conditions. In spite of the positive impact of artificial light, we pay a price for the easy access to light during the night: disorganization of our circadian system or chronodisruption (CD), including perturbations in melatonin rhythm. Epidemiological studies show that CD is associated with an increased incidence of diabetes, obesity, heart disease, cognitive and affective impairment, premature aging and some types of cancer. Knowledge of retinal photoreceptors and the discovery of melanopsin in some ganglion cells demonstrate that light intensity, timing and spectrum must be considered to keep the biological clock properly entrained. Importantly, not all wavelengths of light are equally chronodisrupting. Blue light, which is particularly beneficial during the daytime, seems to be more disruptive at night, and induces the strongest melatonin inhibition. Nocturnal blue light exposure is currently increasing, due to the proliferation of energy-efficient lighting (LEDs) and electronic devices. Thus, the development of lighting systems that preserve the melatonin rhythm could reduce the health risks induced by chronodisruption. This review addresses the state of the art regarding the crosstalk between light and the circadian system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Russel Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Ruediger Hardeland
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany.
| | - Maria Angeles Rol
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain.
| | - Juan Antonio Madrid
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|