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Vijaykumar S, Rajeswari B, Kavya M, Chandrika KSVP, Prasad RD, Prasanna SL, Yadav SK. Programmable chitosan-based double layer seed coating for biotic and abiotic-stress tolerance in groundnut. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133586. [PMID: 38960242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
In the face of agricultural challenges posed by both abiotic and biotic stressors, phytopathogens emerge as formidable threats to crop productivity. Conventional methods, involving the use of pesticides and microbes, often lead to unintended consequences. In addressing this issue, ICAR -Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research (ICAR-IIOR) has developed a chitosan-based double-layer seed coating. Emphasizing crop input compatibility, entrapment, and characterization, the study has yielded promising results. The double-layer coating on groundnut seeds enhanced germination and seedling vigor. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the structural changes and entrapment of crop inputs. The persistence of T. harzianum (Th4d) and Bradyrhizobium sp. in chitosan blended film in studied soils revealed that viable propogules of Th4d were recorded in double layer treatment combination with 3.54 and 3.50 Log CFUs/g of soil (colony forming units) and Bradyrhizobium sp. with 5.34 and 5.27 Log CFUs/g of soil at 90 days after application (DAA). Root colonization efficacy studies of Th4d and Bradyrhizobium sp. in groundnut crop in studied soils revealed that, maximum viable colonies were observed at 45 days after sowing (DAS). This comprehensive study highlights the potential of chitosan-based double-layer seed coating providing a promising and sustainable strategy for stress management in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vijaykumar
- PJTSAU - College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India
| | - B Rajeswari
- PJTSAU - College of Agriculture, Adilabad, Telangana 504001, India
| | - M Kavya
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India
| | - K S V Poorna Chandrika
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India.
| | - R D Prasad
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India.
| | - S Lakshmi Prasanna
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Yadav
- Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, New Delhi 110012, India
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Ijzerman MM, Raby M, Letwin NV, Kudla YM, Anderson JD, Atkinson BJ, Rooney RC, Sibley PK, Prosser RS. New insights into pesticide occurrence and multicompartmental monitoring strategies in stream ecosystems using periphyton and suspended sediment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170144. [PMID: 38242468 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Streams are susceptible to pesticide pollutants which are transported outside of the intended area of application from surrounding agricultural fields. It is essential to monitor the occurrence and levels of pesticides in aquatic ecosystems to comprehend their effects on the aquatic environment. The common sampling strategy used for monitoring pesticides in stream ecosystems is through the collection and analysis of grab water samples. However, grab water sampling may not effectively monitor pesticides due to its limited ability to capture temporal and spatial variability, potentially missing fluctuations and uneven distribution of pesticides in aquatic environments. Monitoring using periphyton and sediment sampling may offer a more comprehensive approach by accounting for accumulative processes and temporal variations. Periphyton are a collective of microorganisms that grow on hard surfaces in aquatic ecosystems. They are responsive to chemical and biological changes in the environment, and therefore have the potential to act as a cost-effective, integrated sampling tool to monitor pesticide exposures in aquatic ecosystems. The objective of this study was to assess pesticides detected through periphyton, suspended sediment, and conventional grab water sampling methods and identify the matrix that offers a more comprehensive characterization of a stream's pesticide exposure profile. Ten streams across Southern Ontario were sampled in 2021 and 2022. At each stream site, water, sediment and periphyton, colonizing both artificial and natural substrates, were collected and analyzed for the presence of ~500 pesticides. Each of the three matrices detected distinctive pesticide exposure profiles. The frequency of detection in periphyton, sediment and water matrices were related to pesticides' log Kow and log Koc (P < 0.05). In addition, periphyton bioconcentrated 22 pesticides above levels observed in the ambient water. The bioconcentration factors of pesticides in periphyton can be predicted from their log Kow (simple linear regressions, P < 0.05). The results demonstrate that sediment and periphyton accumulate pesticides in stream environments. This highlights the importance of monitoring pesticide exposure using these matrices to ensure a complete and comprehensive characterization of exposure in stream ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira M Ijzerman
- University of Guelph, School of Environmental Sciences, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Melanie Raby
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicholas V Letwin
- University of Guelph, School of Environmental Sciences, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Yaryna M Kudla
- University of Guelph, School of Environmental Sciences, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jenna D Anderson
- University of Guelph, School of Environmental Sciences, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Brian J Atkinson
- Laboratory Services Division, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Rebecca C Rooney
- University of Waterloo, Department of Biology, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Paul K Sibley
- University of Guelph, School of Environmental Sciences, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan S Prosser
- University of Guelph, School of Environmental Sciences, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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Narayanan M, Devarayan K, Verma M, Selvaraj M, Ghramh HA, Kandasamy S. Assessing the ecological impact of pesticides/herbicides on algal communities: A comprehensive review. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 268:106851. [PMID: 38325057 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The escalating use of pesticides in agriculture for enhanced crop productivity threatens aquatic ecosystems, jeopardizing environmental integrity and human well-being. Pesticides infiltrate water bodies through runoff, chemical spills, and leachate, adversely affecting algae, vital primary producers in marine ecosystems. The repercussions cascade through higher trophic levels, underscoring the need for a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between pesticides, algae, and the broader ecosystem. Algae, susceptible to pesticides via spillage, runoff, and drift, experience disruptions in community structure and function, with certain species metabolizing and bioaccumulating these contaminants. The toxicological mechanisms vary based on the specific pesticide and algal species involved, particularly evident in herbicides' interference with photosynthetic activity in algae. Despite advancements, gaps persist in comprehending the precise toxic effects and mechanisms affecting algae and non-target species. This review consolidates information on the exposure and toxicity of diverse pesticides and herbicides to aquatic algae, elucidating underlying mechanisms. An emphasis is placed on the complex interactions between pesticides/herbicides, nutrient content, and their toxic effects on algae and microbial species. The variability in the harmful impact of a single pesticide across different algae species underscores the necessity for further research. A holistic approach considering these interactions is imperative to enhance predictions of pesticide effects in marine ecosystems. Continued research in this realm is crucial for a nuanced understanding of the repercussions of pesticides and herbicides on aquatic ecosystems, mainly algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Center for Research and Innovation, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kesavan Devarayan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Fisheries Engineering, Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Vettar River View Campus, Nagapattinam 611 002, India
| | - Monu Verma
- Water-Energy Nexus Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea; Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manickam Selvaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed A Ghramh
- Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabariswaran Kandasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Peelamedu, Coimbatore 641004, India.
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Ijzerman MM, Raby M, Izma GB, Kudla YM, Letwin NV, Gallant MJ, Schiffer SR, Atkinson BJ, Rooney RC, Sibley PK, Prosser RS. An Assessment of the Toxicity of Pesticide Mixtures in Periphyton from Agricultural Streams to the Mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:2143-2157. [PMID: 37341551 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Residual concentrations of pesticides are commonly found outside the intended area of application in Ontario's surface waters. Periphyton are a vital dietary component for grazing organisms in aquatic ecosystems but can also accumulate substantial levels of pesticides from the surrounding water. Consequently, grazing aquatic organisms are likely subjected to pesticide exposure through the consumption of pesticide-contaminated periphyton. The objectives of the present study were to determine if pesticides partition into periphyton in riverine environments across southern Ontario and, if so, to determine the toxicity of pesticides in periphyton when fed to the grazing mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer. Sites with low, medium, and high pesticide exposure based on historic water quality monitoring data were selected to incorporate a pesticide exposure gradient into the study design. Artificial substrate samplers were utilized to colonize periphyton in situ, which were then analyzed for the presence of approximately 500 pesticides. The results demonstrate that periphyton are capable of accumulating pesticides in agricultural streams. A novel 7-day toxicity test method was created to investigate the effects of pesticides partitioned into periphyton when fed to N. triangulifer. Periphyton collected from the field sites were fed to N. triangulifer and survival and biomass production recorded. Survival and biomass production significantly decreased when fed periphyton colonized in streams with catchments dominated by agricultural land use (p < 0.05). However, the relationship between pesticide concentration and survival or biomass production was not consistent. Using field-colonized periphyton allowed us to assess the dietary toxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of pesticide mixtures; however, nutrition and taxonomic composition of the periphyton may vary between sites. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2143-2157. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira M Ijzerman
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melanie Raby
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gab B Izma
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yaryna M Kudla
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas V Letwin
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Brian J Atkinson
- Agriculture and Food Laboratory, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebecca C Rooney
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul K Sibley
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan S Prosser
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Morin S, Artigas J. Twenty Years of Research in Ecosystem Functions in Aquatic Microbial Ecotoxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:1867-1888. [PMID: 37401851 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the major threats to freshwater biodiversity is water pollution including excessive loads of nutrients, pesticides, industrial chemicals, and/or emerging contaminants. The widespread use of organic pesticides for agricultural and nonagricultural (industry, gardening, etc.) purposes has resulted in the presence of their residues in various environments, including surface waters. However, the contribution of pesticides to the deterioration of freshwater ecosystems (i.e., biodiversity decline and ecosystem functions impairment) remains uncertain. Once in the aquatic environment, pesticides and their metabolites can interact with microbial communities, causing undesirable effects. The existing legislation on ecological quality assessment of water bodies in Europe is based on water chemical quality and biological indicator species (Water Framework Directive, Pesticides Directive), while biological functions are not yet included in monitoring programs. In the present literature review, we analyze 20 years (2000-2020) of research on ecological functions provided by microorganisms in aquatic ecosystems. We describe the set of ecosystem functions investigated in these studies and the range of endpoints used to establish causal relationships between pesticide exposure and microbial responses. We focus on studies addressing the effects of pesticides at environmentally realistic concentrations and at the microbial community level to inform the ecological relevance of the ecotoxicological assessment. Our literature review highlights that most studies were performed using benthic freshwater organisms and that autotrophic and heterotrophic communities are most often studied separately, usually testing the pesticides that target the main microbial component (i.e., herbicides for autotrophs and fungicides for heterotrophs). Overall, most studies demonstrate deleterious impacts on the functions studied, but our review points to the following shortcomings: (1) the nonsystematic analysis of microbial functions supporting aquatic ecosystems functioning, (2) the study of ecosystem functions (i.e., nutrient cycling) via proxies (i.e., potential extracellular enzymatic activity measurements) which are sometimes disconnected from the current ecosystem functions, and (3) the lack of consideration of chronic exposures to assess the impact of, adaptations to, or recovery of aquatic microbial communities from pesticides. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1867-1888. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joan Artigas
- Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Xu N, Zhou Z, Chen B, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Li Y, Lu T, Sun L, Peijnenburg WJGM, Qian H. Effect of chlorpyrifos on freshwater microbial community and metabolic capacity of zebrafish. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115230. [PMID: 37413963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos is a widely used organophosphorus insecticide because of its high efficiency and overall effectiveness, and it is commonly detected in aquatic ecosystems. However, at present, the impact of chlorpyrifos on the aquatic micro-ecological environment is still poorly understood. Here, we established aquatic microcosm systems treated with 0.2 and 2.0 µg/L chlorpyrifos, and employed omics biotechnology, including metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, to investigate the effect of chlorpyrifos on the composition and functional potential of the aquatic and zebrafish intestinal microbiomes after 7 d and 14 d chlorpyrifos treatment. After 14 d chlorpyrifos treatment, the aquatic microbial community was adversely affected in terms of its composition, structure, and stability, while its diversity showed only a slight impact. Most functions, especially capacities for environmental information processing and metabolism, were destroyed by chlorpyrifos treatment for 14 d. We observed that chlorpyrifos increased the number of risky antibiotic resistance genes and aggravated the growth of human pathogens. Although no clear effects on the structure of the zebrafish intestinal microbial community were observed, chlorpyrifos treatment did alter the metabolic capacity of the zebrafish. Our study highlights the ecological risk of chlorpyrifos to the aquatic environment and provides a theoretical basis for the rational use of pesticides in agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuohan Xu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Zhigao Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China; Zhejiang Province Institute of Architectural Design and Research, Hangzhou 310000, PR China
| | - Bingfeng Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Liwei Sun
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - W J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, RA Leiden 2300, the Netherlands; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China.
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Nwinyimagu AJ, Eyo JE, Nwonumara GN. Distribution and ecological risk assessment of herbicide residues in water, sediment and fish from Anyim River, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104131. [PMID: 37054959 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The presence of herbicide residues in water, sediment and African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from Anyim River was investigated bimonthly from November, 2017 to September 2019. The aim of the study was to evaluate the pollution status of the river and the associated health hazard. The herbicides investigated were glyphosate-based and included sarosate, paraquat, clear weed, delsate and roundup. The samples were collected and analyzed accordingly using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) based method. The concentration of herbicide residues ranged from 0.02 to 0.77 µg/gdw in sediment, 0.01-0.26 µg/gdw in fish and 0.03-0.43 µg/L in water respectively. Risk Quotient (RQ) deterministic method was used to assess the ecological risk of herbicide residue in fish and the result indicated chances of causing adverse effect on fish species in the river (RQ ≥ 1). Human health risk assessment further indicated potential health implications on humans consuming the contaminated fish on long term basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaechi Joshua Nwinyimagu
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
| | - Joseph Effiong Eyo
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
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Liang D, Li Y, Li S, Meng D, Li F, Huang S, Gong M, Qin J, Li H. Dose-dependent inhibitory effects of glyphosate on invasive Pomacea canaliculata reproductive and developmental growth under oxidative deposition. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 253:114659. [PMID: 36812869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY) is the most widely used herbicide worldwide, and its effects on animals and plants have attracted increasing attention. In this study, we explored the following: (1) the effects of multigenerational chronic exposure to GLY and H2O2, alone or in combination, on the egg hatching rate and individual morphology of Pomacea canaliculata; and (2) the effects of short-term chronic exposure to GLY and H2O2, alone or in combination, on the reproductive system of P. canaliculata. The results showed that H2O2 and GLY exposure had distinct inhibitory effects on the hatching rate and individual growth indices with a substantial dose effect, and the F1 generation had the lowest resistance. In addition, with the prolongation of exposure time, the ovarian tissue was damaged, and the fecundity decreased; however, the snails could still lay eggs. In conclusion, these results suggest that P. canaliculata can tolerate low concentrations of pollution and in addition to drug dosage, the control should focus on two time points, the juvenile and early stage of spawning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yinshi Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuoyu Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dele Meng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fengchun Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Siying Huang
- Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Maojian Gong
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Shenzhen Agricultural Science and Technology Promotion Center, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Junhao Qin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huashou Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Shah ZU, Parveen S. Distribution and risk assessment of pesticide residues in sediment samples from river Ganga, India. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279993. [PMID: 36730256 PMCID: PMC9894440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Indiscriminate use of pesticides leads to their entry in to the bottom sediments, where they are absorbed in the sediment's particle and thus, may become the consistent source of aquatic pollution. The present work was carried out to evaluate pesticide residues in the sediment samples and associated human health risk of commonly used pesticides along the basin of river Ganga. Total of 16 pesticides were analyzed along three stretches of river Ganga. The concentration of pesticides in the upper stretch ranged from ND to 0.103 μg/kg, in the middle stretch ND to 0.112 μg/kg, and in the lower stretch ND to 0.105 μg/kg. Strong positive correlation was found between total organic carbon and total pesticide residues in sediment samples. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic values were estimated below the threshold limit suggesting no associated risk. Risks associated with the inhalation route of exposure were found to be higher than the dermal and ingestion routes. Children were found at higher risk at each site from multiple routes of exposure than adult population groups. Toxic unit values were found to be below the threshold value suggesting no risk associated with exposure of pesticides from sediments. However, long term effects on ecological quality due to consistent pesticide exposure must not be ignored. Therefore, the present study focuses on concrete efforts like lowering the irrational used of pesticides, tapping of agricultural and domestic drains, advice to farmers for appropriate use of pesticide doses, to reduce the threat of pesticide pollution in the river system and possible human health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeshan Umar Shah
- Department of Zoology, Limnology Research Laboratory, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Saltanat Parveen
- Department of Zoology, Limnology Research Laboratory, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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10
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Barbi A, Goessens T, Strubbe D, Deknock A, Van Leeuwenberg R, De Troyer N, Verbrugghe E, Greener M, De Baere S, Lens L, Goethals P, Martel A, Croubels S, Pasmans F. Widespread triazole pesticide use affects infection dynamics of a global amphibian pathogen. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:313-322. [PMID: 36592335 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The sixth mass extinction is a consequence of complex interplay between multiple stressors with negative impact on biodiversity. We here examine the interaction between two globally widespread anthropogenic drivers of amphibian declines: the fungal disease chytridiomycosis and antifungal use in agriculture. Field monitoring of 26 amphibian ponds in an agricultural landscape shows widespread occurrence of triazole fungicides in the water column throughout the amphibian breeding season, together with a negative correlation between early season application of epoxiconazole and the prevalence of chytrid infections in aquatic newts. While triazole concentrations in the ponds remained below those that inhibit growth of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, they bioaccumulated in the newts' skin up to tenfold, resulting in cutaneous growth-suppressing concentrations. As such, a concentration of epoxiconazole, 10 times below that needed to inhibit fungal growth, prevented chytrid infection in anuran tadpoles. The widespread presence of triazoles may thus alter chytrid dynamics in agricultural landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Barbi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Wildlife Health Ghent, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Tess Goessens
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Diederik Strubbe
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Arne Deknock
- Aquatic Ecology Unit, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robby Van Leeuwenberg
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Wildlife Health Ghent, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Niels De Troyer
- Aquatic Ecology Unit, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elin Verbrugghe
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Wildlife Health Ghent, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Mark Greener
- School of Life Sciences, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Siegrid De Baere
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Luc Lens
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Goethals
- Aquatic Ecology Unit, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - An Martel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Wildlife Health Ghent, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Siska Croubels
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Frank Pasmans
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Wildlife Health Ghent, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Al Naggar Y, Singavarapu B, Paxton RJ, Wubet T. Bees under interactive stressors: the novel insecticides flupyradifurone and sulfoxaflor along with the fungicide azoxystrobin disrupt the gut microbiota of honey bees and increase opportunistic bacterial pathogens. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 849:157941. [PMID: 35952893 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays an important role in bee health and disease. But it can be disrupted by pesticides and in-hive chemicals, putting honey bee health in danger. We used a controlled and fully crossed laboratory experimental design to test the effects of a 10-day period of chronic exposure to field-realistic sublethal concentrations of two nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist insecticides (nACHRs), namely flupyradifurone (FPF) and sulfoxaflor (Sulf), and a fungicide, azoxystrobin (Azoxy), individually and in combination, on the survival of individual honey bee workers and the composition of their gut microbiota (fungal and bacterial diversity). Metabarcoding was used to examine the gut microbiota on days 0, 5, and 10 of pesticide exposure to determine how the microbial response varies over time; to do so, the fungal ITS2 fragment and the V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA were targeted. We found that FPF has a negative impact on honey bee survival, but interactive (additive or synergistic) effects between either insecticide and the fungicide on honey bee survival were not statistically significant. Pesticide treatments significantly impacted the microbial community composition. The fungicide Azoxy substantially reduced the Shannon diversity of fungi after chronic exposure for 10 days. The relative abundance of the top 10 genera of the bee gut microbiota was also differentially affected by the fungicide, insecticides, and fungicide-insecticide combinations. Gut microbiota dysbiosis was associated with an increase in the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens such as Serratia spp. (e.g. S. marcescens), which can have devastating consequences for host health such as increased susceptibility to infection and reduced lifespan. Our findings raise concerns about the long-term impact of novel nACHR insecticides, particularly FPF, on pollinator health and recommend a novel methodology for a refined risk assessment that includes the potential effects of agrochemicals on the gut microbiome of bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Al Naggar
- General Zoology, Institute for Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Bala Singavarapu
- Department of Community Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Robert J Paxton
- General Zoology, Institute for Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tesfaye Wubet
- Department of Community Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Tábora-Sarmiento S, Patiño R, Portillo-Quintero C, Coldren C. Air, land, and water variables associated with the first appearance and current spatial distribution of toxic Prymnesium parvum blooms in reservoirs of the Southern Great Plains, USA. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155567. [PMID: 35504372 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the association of air, land, and water variables with the first historical occurrence and current distribution of toxic Prymnesium parvum blooms in reservoirs of the Brazos River and Colorado River, Texas (USA). One impacted and one reference reservoir were selected per basin. Land cover and use variables were estimated for the whole watershed (WW) and a 0.5-km zone on either side of streams (near field, NF). Variables were expressed in annual values. Principal component and trend analyses were used to determine (1) differences in environmental conditions before and after the 2001 onset of toxic blooms in impacted reservoirs (study period, 1992-2017), and (2) traits that uniquely discriminate impacted from reference reservoirs (2001-2017). Of thirty-three variables examined, two positively aligned with the reoccurring appearance of blooms in impacted reservoirs (air CO2 and herbicide Glyphosate) and another two negatively aligned (insecticides Terbufos and Malathion). Glyphosate use was observed throughout the study period but a turning point for an upward trend occurred near the year of first bloom occurrence. While the relevance of the decreased use of insecticides is uncertain, prior experimental studies reported that increasing concentrations of air CO2 and water Glyphosate can enhance P. parvum growth. Consistent with prior findings, impacted reservoirs were of higher salinity than reference reservoirs. In addition, their watersheds had far lower wetland cover at NF and WW scales. The value of wetlands in reducing harmful algal bloom incidence by reducing nutrient inputs has been previously recognized, but wetlands can also capture pesticides. Therefore, a diminished wetland cover could magnify Glyphosate loads flowing into impacted reservoirs. These observations are consistent with a scenario where rising levels of air CO2 and Glyphosate use contributed to the establishment of P. parvum blooms in reservoirs of relatively high salinity and minimal wetland cover over their watersheds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisbeth Tábora-Sarmiento
- Department of Natural Resources Management and Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2120, USA
| | - Reynaldo Patiño
- U.S. Geological Survey, Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and Departments of Natural Resources Management and Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2120, USA.
| | | | - Cade Coldren
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2120, USA
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13
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Aghashariatmadari Z, Golmohammadian H, Shariatmadari Z, Mohebbi F, Bazrafshan J. Satellite-Based Monitoring of the Algal Communities of Aras Dam Reservoir: Meteorological Dependence Analysis and the Footprint of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown on the Eutrophication Status. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 16:70. [PMID: 35992580 PMCID: PMC9379891 DOI: 10.1007/s41742-022-00447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Aras Dam Lake is a strategic aquatic ecosystem in Iran and there are reports of toxic phytoplankton blooms in this reservoir. This study was performed to determine the effect of meteorological variables on the formation and expansion of toxic phytoplankton communities in Aras dam reservoir. The data of this project have been obtained using field studies and satellite data (MODIS and Sentinel-2). Sampling to determine the composition of phytoplankton communities in the area was carried out seasonally in two time periods from 2003 to 2014, and environmental assessments were also performed based on meteorological and satellite data over an 18-year period (2003-2020). The Chlorophyll-a content was obtained from MODIS and correlated with meteorological data. The statistical analysis showed that the highest coefficient of determination is related to the correlation of chlorophyll-a and Evaporation (R 2 = 0.86). Also, the relative root mean square error is equal to 18%, 18.1% and 21.2% for the chlorophyll-a -SST, chlorophyll-a -wind and chlorophyll-a -Evaporation relations, respectively. Moreover, in a supplementary study, correlation between the chlorophyll-a content with selected meteorological variables including evaporation, wind speed and water surface temperature were investigated seasonally. The results showed that the trend of changes in chlorophyll-a content with three considered variables are parabolic functions and chlorophyll-a -Evp (R 2 = 0.86, MAPE = 15.2%) model indicates better performance. The results also showed that the eutrophication rate of the reservoir during lockdown period increased in comparison with the same time at pre-pandemic period, which can be related to increase of incoming waste loads in this reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Aghashariatmadari
- Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, Karaj,, 31587-77871 Iran
| | - Hadis Golmohammadian
- Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, Karaj,, 31587-77871 Iran
| | - Zeinab Shariatmadari
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidun Mohebbi
- National Artemia Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Urmia, Iran
| | - Javad Bazrafshan
- Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, Karaj,, 31587-77871 Iran
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14
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Snails as Temporal Biomonitors of the Occurrence and Distribution of Pesticides in an Apple Orchard. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13081185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The intensive use of pesticides in agricultural areas and the resulting effects have created a need to develop monitoring programs for their active assessment at low cost. This research entails a biomonitoring study of the pesticides in an apple orchard, using juvenile Cornu aspersum (O. F. Müller, 1774) snails exposed in field microcosms. The snails were deployed at three different locations in the orchard area and were used to assess the temporal biomonitoring of 100 different semi-volatile and non-volatile pesticides. The study was performed over an 18-week period and targeted the center, the border, and the outside of the orchard. Results showed that greater levels of pesticides were detected at the center of the orchard as compared to the other sites. The type and level of the applied pesticide influenced its environmental dissipation, as significantly greater levels of semi-volatile pesticides were accumulated by the caged snails in comparison to non-volatile pesticides. The presence of semi-volatile pesticides in the snails outside the orchard revealed the usefulness of these species in the biomonitoring of off-site pesticide emissions. The findings of this study showed that C. aspersum can serve as a reliable and effective model organism for the active biomonitoring of pesticide emissions in agricultural sites.
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15
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Wijntjes C, Weber Y, Höger S, Hollert H, Schäffer A. Effects of algae and fungicides on the fate of a sulfonylurea herbicide in a water-sediment system. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133234. [PMID: 34902390 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The impact of pesticide mixtures on various soil parameters has been extensively studied, whereas research on effects in the aquatic environment is scarce. Furthermore, investigations on the consequences of chemical mixtures on the biodegradation kinetics of parent compounds remain deficient. Our research intended to evaluate potential effects by combined application of an agriculturally employed tank mixture to aquatic sediment systems under controlled laboratory conditions. The mixture contained two fungicides and one radiolabeled herbicide of which the route and rate of degradation was followed. One set of aquatic sediment vessels was incubated in the dark. A second set of vessels was controlled under identical conditions, except for being continuously irradiated to promote algal growth. In addition, the algal biomass in irradiated aquatic sediment was monitored to determine its effects and a potential role in the biodegradation of iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium. The study results showed that the herbicide, although hydro- and photolytically stable throughout the study, metabolized faster (DT50 1.1-1.2-fold and DT90 2.8-4.5-fold) when continuously irradiated in comparison to dark aquatic sediment. Both fungicides had a significant prolonging effect on the biodegradation rate of the herbicide. In the presence of fungicides, DT90 values increased 1.5-fold in the irradiated, and 2.5-fold in the dark systems. Additionally, algae may have influenced the metabolization of the herbicide in the irradiated systems, where shorter DT90 values were evaluated. Even so, the algal influence was concluded to be indirect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiaan Wijntjes
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany; Innovative Environmental Services (IES) Ltd, Benkenstrasse 260, 4108, Witterswil, Switzerland.
| | - Yanik Weber
- Innovative Environmental Services (IES) Ltd, Benkenstrasse 260, 4108, Witterswil, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Höger
- Innovative Environmental Services (IES) Ltd, Benkenstrasse 260, 4108, Witterswil, Switzerland
| | - Henner Hollert
- Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13, 60438, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Schäffer
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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16
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Schaeffer A, Wijntjes C. Changed degradation behavior of pesticides when present in mixtures. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH 2022; 1:23-30. [PMID: 38078198 PMCID: PMC10702894 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Soil microorganisms are indispensable for a healthy soil environment, where the fate of pesticides is contingent on microbial activity. Conversely, soil ecosystems can be distorted by all kinds of variables, such as agrochemicals. These crop protection products have been universally in use for decades in agriculture. In modern crop cultivation, fungicides are increasingly applied because of their high and broad effectivity on plant pathogens. While their use can enhance harvest yields, fungicides, particularly broad-spectrum ones, are responsible for the alteration of the soil microflora. Furthermore, successive and combined application of pesticides is an agronomic routine, which aggravates the concurrent existence of synthetic chemicals in the soil and marine environments. Mutual interactions of such different molecules, or their effects on soil life, can negatively impact the dissipation of biodegradable pesticides from the ecosystems. The direct effects of individual agrochemicals on microbial soil parameters, as well as agronomic efficiency and interactions of mixtures have been thoroughly studied over the past 80 years. The indirect impacts of mixtures on soil and aquatic ecosystems, however, may be overlooked. Moreover, the current regulatory risk assessment of agrochemicals is based on fate investigations of individual substances to derive predicted environmental concentrations, which does not reflect real agricultural scenarios and needs to be updated. In this article, we summarized the results from our own experiments and previous studies, demonstrating that the degradation of pesticides is impacted by the co-existence of fungicides by their effects on microbial and enzymatic activities in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schaeffer
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christiaan Wijntjes
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Innovative Environmental Services (IES) Ltd, Benkenstrasse 260, 4108 Witterswil, Switzerland
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17
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Endogenous Honeybee Gut Microbiota Metabolize the Pesticide Clothianidin. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030493. [PMID: 35336069 PMCID: PMC8949661 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Including probiotics in honeybee nutrition represents a promising solution for mitigating diseases, and recent evidence suggests that various microbes possess mechanisms that can bioremediate environmental pollutants. Thus, the use of probiotics capable of degrading pesticides used in modern agriculture would help to both reduce colony losses due to the exposure of foragers to these toxic molecules and improve honeybee health and wellbeing globally. We conducted in vitro experiments to isolate and identify probiotic candidates from bacterial isolates of the honeybee gut (i.e., endogenous strains) according to their ability to (i) grow in contact with three sublethal concentrations of the pesticide clothianidin (0.15, 1 and 10 ppb) and (ii) degrade clothianidin at 0.15 ppb. The isolated bacterial strains were indeed able to grow in contact with the three sublethal concentrations of clothianidin. Bacterial growth rate differed significantly depending on the probiotic candidate and the clothianidin concentration used. Clothianidin was degraded by seven endogenous honeybee gut bacteria, namely Edwardsiella sp., two Serratia sp., Rahnella sp., Pantoea sp., Hafnia sp. and Enterobacter sp., measured within 72 h under in vitro conditions. Our findings highlight that endogenous bacterial strains may constitute the base material from which to develop a promising probiotic strategy to mitigate the toxic effects of clothianidin exposure on honeybee colony health.
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18
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Hotchkiss MZ, Poulain AJ, Forrest JRK. Pesticide-induced disturbances of bee gut microbiotas. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2022; 46:6517452. [PMID: 35107129 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuab056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Social bee gut microbiotas play key roles in host health and performance. Worryingly, a growing body of literature shows that pesticide exposure can disturb these microbiotas. Most studies examine changes in taxonomic composition in Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) gut microbiotas caused by insecticide exposure. Core bee gut microbiota taxa shift in abundance after exposure but are rarely eliminated, with declines in Bifidobacteriales and Lactobacillus near melliventris abundance being the most common shifts. Pesticide concentration, exposure duration, season and concurrent stressors all influence whether and how bee gut microbiotas are disturbed. Also, the mechanism of disturbance-i.e. whether a pesticide directly affects microbial growth or indirectly affects the microbiota by altering host health-likely affects disturbance consistency. Despite growing interest in this topic, important questions remain unanswered. Specifically, metabolic shifts in bee gut microbiotas remain largely uninvestigated, as do effects of pesticide-disturbed gut microbiotas on bee host performance. Furthermore, few bee species have been studied other than A. mellifera, and few herbicides and fungicides have been examined. We call for these knowledge gaps to be addressed so that we may obtain a comprehensive picture of how pesticides alter bee gut microbiotas, and of the functional consequences of these changes.
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19
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T. T. Luu H, Esteban GF, Butt AA, Green ID. Effects of Copper and the Insecticide Cypermethrin on a Soil Ciliate (Protozoa: Ciliophora) Community. Protist 2021; 173:125855. [DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2021.125855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Removal efficiency of marine filamentous Cyanobacteria for Pyrethroids and their effects on the biochemical parameters and growth. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Freitas PNN, Rovida AFDS, Silva CR, Pileggi SAV, Olchanheski LR, Pileggi M. Specific quorum sensing molecules are possibly associated with responses to herbicide toxicity in a Pseudomonas strain. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117896. [PMID: 34358867 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides contribute to pest control and increase agricultural production; however, they are toxic to non-target organisms, and they contaminate the environment. The exposure of bacteria to these substances can lead to the need for physiological and structural changes for survival, which can be determined by genes whose expression is regulated by quorum sensing (QS). However, it is not yet clear whether these processes can be induced by herbicides. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine whether there is a QS response system in the Pseudomonas fluorescens CMA55 strain that is modulated by herbicides. This strain was isolated from water storage tanks used for washing pesticide packaging and was tested against herbicides containing saflufenacil, glyphosate, sulfentrazone, 2,4-D, and dicamba as active molecules. Our results showed that in the presence of herbicides containing saflufenacil and glyphosate (the latter was not present at the bacterial isolation site) the strain had a profile of QS signaling molecules that may be involved in controlling the production of reactive oxygen species. Alternatively, the same strain, in the presence of sulfentrazone (it was not present at the bacterial isolation site), 2,4-D and dicamba-containing herbicides, presented another profile of molecules that may be involved in different stages of biofilm formation. These findings, as a first screening, suggest that this strain used strategies to activate antioxidant enzymes and biofilm production under the signaling of QS molecules to respond to herbicides, regardless of previous contact, representing a model of phenotypic plasticity for adaptation to agricultural environments that can be used in studies of herbicide bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Nathane Nunes Freitas
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Rosa Silva
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sônia Alvim Veiga Pileggi
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Olchanheski
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcos Pileggi
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
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22
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Wijewardene L, Wu N, Qu Y, Guo K, Messyasz B, Lorenz S, Riis T, Ulrich U, Fohrer N. Influences of pesticides, nutrients, and local environmental variables on phytoplankton communities in lentic small water bodies in a German lowland agricultural area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146481. [PMID: 33774292 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Agrochemicals such as pesticides and nutrients are concurrent chemical stressors in freshwater aquatic ecosystems surrounded by agricultural areas. Lentic small water bodies (LSWB) are ecologically significant habitats especially for maintaining biodiversity but highly understudied. Phytoplankton are ideal indicator species for stress responses. Functional features of the phytoplankton are important in revealing the processes that determine the structure of the communities. In this study, we investigated the effects of pesticides, nutrients, and local environmental variables on the species composition and functional features of phytoplankton communities in LSWB. We studied pesticide toxicity of ninety-four pesticides, three nutrients (NH4-N, NO3-N and PO4-P) and local environment variables (precipitation, water level change, temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, electrical conductivity, pH) in five LSWB over twelve weeks during the spring pesticide application period. We explored respective changes in species composition of phytoplankton community and functional features. Redundancy analysis and variance partitioning analysis were applied to correlate phytoplankton community compositions with the pesticide toxicity (as maximum toxicity in toxic units), nutrients and local environment variables. We used multiple linear regression models to identify the main environmental variables driving the functional features of phytoplankton communities. Pesticide toxicity, nutrients and local environmental variables significantly (p < 0.001) contributed to shaping phytoplankton community composition individually. Local environment variables showed the highest pure contribution for driving phytoplankton composition (12%), followed by nutrients (8%) and pesticide toxicity (2%). Functional features (represented by functional diversity and functional redundancy) of the phytoplankton community were significantly affected by pesticide toxicity and nutrients concentrations. The functional richness and functional evenness were negatively affected by PO4-P concentrations. Pesticide toxicity was positively correlated with functional redundancy indices. Our findings emphasized the relative importance of concurrent multiple stressors (e.g., pesticides and nutrients) on phytoplankton community structure, directing potential effects on metacommunity structures in aquatic ecosystems subjected to agricultural runoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishani Wijewardene
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany; Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Naicheng Wu
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany; Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, China.
| | - Yueming Qu
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kun Guo
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Beata Messyasz
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Stefan Lorenz
- Julius Kuehn-Institute, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Koenigin-Luise-Str. 19, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tenna Riis
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; WATEC, Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Uta Ulrich
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Nicola Fohrer
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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Sharma M, Singh DN, Budhraja R, Sood U, Rawat CD, Adrian L, Richnow HH, Singh Y, Negi RK, Lal R. Comparative proteomics unravelled the hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers specific responses in an archetypical HCH degrading bacterium Sphingobium indicum B90A. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:41380-41395. [PMID: 33783707 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) is a persistent organochlorine pesticide that poses threat to different life forms. Sphingobium indicum B90A that belong to sphingomonad is well-known for its ability to degrade HCH isomers (α-, β-, γ-, δ-), but effects of HCH isomers and adaptive mechanisms of strain B90A under HCH load remain obscure. To investigate the responses of strain B90A to HCH isomers, we followed the proteomics approach as this technique is considered as the powerful tool to study the microbial response to environmental stress. Strain B90A culture was exposed to α-, β-, γ-, δ-HCH (5 mgL-1) and control (without HCH) taken for comparison and changes in whole cell proteome were analyzed. In β- and δ-HCH-treated cultures growth decreased significantly when compared to control, α-, and γ-HCH-treated cultures. HCH residue analysis corroborated previous observations depicting the complete depletion of α- and γ-HCH, while only 66% β-HCH and 34% δ-HCH were depleted from culture broth. Comparative proteome analyses showed that β- and δ-HCH induced utmost systemic changes in strain B90A proteome, wherein stress-alleviating proteins such as histidine kinases, molecular chaperons, DNA binding proteins, ABC transporters, TonB proteins, antioxidant enzymes, and transcriptional regulators were significantly affected. Besides study confirmed constitutive expression of linA, linB, and linC genes that are crucial for the initiation of HCH isomers degradation, while increased abundance of LinM and LinN in presence of β- and δ-HCH suggested the important role of ABC transporter in depletion of these isomers. These results will help to understand the HCH-induced damages and adaptive strategies of strain B90A under HCH load which remained unravelled to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | | | - Rohit Budhraja
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Utkarsh Sood
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Darbari Seth Block, IHC Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, 110003, India
| | - Charu Dogra Rawat
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Lorenz Adrian
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Yogendra Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Ram Krishan Negi
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Rup Lal
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Darbari Seth Block, IHC Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, 110003, India.
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24
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Rohr JR. The Atrazine Saga and its Importance to the Future of Toxicology, Science, and Environmental and Human Health. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:1544-1558. [PMID: 33999476 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide atrazine is one of the most commonly used, well studied, and controversial pesticides on the planet. Much of the controversy involves the effects of atrazine on wildlife, particularly amphibians, and the ethically questionable decision making of members of industry, government, the legal system, and institutions of higher education, in most cases in an effort to "bend science," defined as manipulating research to advance economic, political, or ideological ends. In this Critical Perspective I provide a timeline of the most salient events in the history of the atrazine saga, which includes a multimillion-dollar smear campaign, lawsuits, investigative reporting, accusation of impropriety against the US Environmental Protection Agency, and a multibillion-dollar transaction. I argue that the atrazine controversy must be more than just a true story of cover-ups, bias, and vengeance. It must be used as an example of how manufacturing uncertainty and bending science can be exploited to delay undesired regulatory decisions and how greed and conflicts of interest-situations where personal or organizational considerations have compromised or biased professional judgment and objectivity-can affect environmental and public health and erode trust in the discipline of toxicology, science in general, and the honorable functioning of societies. Most importantly, I offer several recommendations that should help to 1) prevent the history of atrazine from repeating itself, 2) enhance the credibility and integrity of science, and 3) enrich human and environmental health. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1544-1558. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Rohr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
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Michel C, Baran N, André L, Charron M, Joulian C. Side Effects of Pesticides and Metabolites in Groundwater: Impact on Denitrification. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:662727. [PMID: 34054765 PMCID: PMC8155494 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.662727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of two pesticides (S-metolachlor and propiconazole) and their respective main metabolites (ESA-metolachlor and 1,2,4-triazole) on bacterial denitrification in groundwater was studied. For this, the denitrification activity and the bacterial diversity of a microbial community sampled from a nitrate-contaminated groundwater were monitored during 20 days in lab experiments in the presence or absence of pesticides or metabolites at 2 or 10 μg/L. The kinetics of nitrate reduction along with nitrite and N2O production all suggested that S-metolachlor had no or only little impact, whereas its metabolite ESA-metolachlor inhibited denitrification by 65% at 10 μg/L. Propiconazole and 1,2,4-triazole also inhibited denitrification at both concentrations, but to a lesser extent (29–38%) than ESA-metolachlor. When inhibition occurred, pesticides affected the reduction of nitrate into nitrite step. However, no significant differences were detected on the abundance of nitrate reductase narG and napA genes, suggesting an impact of pesticides/metabolites at the protein level rather than on denitrifying bacteria abundance. 16S rRNA gene Illumina sequencing indicated no major modification of bacterial diversity in the presence or absence of pesticides/metabolites, except for ESA-metolachlor and propiconazole at 10 μg/L that tended to increase or decrease Shannon and InvSimpson indices, respectively. General growth parameters suggested no impact of pesticides, except for propiconazole at 10 μg/L that partially inhibited acetate uptake and induced a decrease in microbial biomass. In conclusion, pesticides and metabolites can have side effects at environmental concentrations on microbial denitrification in groundwater and may thus affect ecosystem services based on microbial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Michel
- BRGM, DEPA (Direction de l'Eau, de l'Environnement, des Procédés et Analyses), Orléans, France
| | - Nicole Baran
- BRGM, DEPA (Direction de l'Eau, de l'Environnement, des Procédés et Analyses), Orléans, France
| | - Laurent André
- BRGM, DEPA (Direction de l'Eau, de l'Environnement, des Procédés et Analyses), Orléans, France.,Université d'Orléans, CNRS, BRGM, UMR 7327 Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Mickael Charron
- BRGM, DEPA (Direction de l'Eau, de l'Environnement, des Procédés et Analyses), Orléans, France
| | - Catherine Joulian
- BRGM, DEPA (Direction de l'Eau, de l'Environnement, des Procédés et Analyses), Orléans, France
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26
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Liu J, Han S, Hu Y, Pao CW. Fabrication and characterization of a novel PMO containing riboflavin-5'-phosphate sodium salt for sensitive detection of pesticide ferbam. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Song C, Zhang J, Chen X, Hu G, Fan L, Yang G, Li T, Qiu L, Chen J, Fang L. Effects of fenvalerate concentrations and its chiral isomers on bacterial community structure in the sediment environment of aquaculture ponds. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:14498-14507. [PMID: 33215281 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of chiral pesticide fenvalerate (FV) on the micro-ecological environment of aquaculture pond sediment, we used an indoor static experiment to observe the effects of FV added at different concentrations with different chiral isomers on the changes in the sediment bacterial community. The 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technique was used to conduct sequencing and analysis of the bacterial community structure as well as changes in aquaculture pond sediments after 4 weeks of cultivation. The results showed that the microbial alpha diversity indices (Sobs and Shannon indices) of the treated groups were significantly lower than those of the control group after 4 weeks (P < 0.05), and the values in the high-concentration group were significantly lower than those of the low-concentration group (P < 0.05). In terms of bacterial group composition, the proportion of abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria in the treated groups were greater than in the control group after 4 weeks, while the proportion of abundance of Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia were lower. In the high-concentration FV treatment group, the proportion of abundance of Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Nitrospinae, unclassified_k_norank, Ignavibacteriae, and Nitrospirae were significantly different from those of the other groups (P < 0.05). Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and ANONISIM/Adonis analysis showed that the cis-enantiomer had a stronger effect on the bacterial community as the concentration of FV increased. In addition, the linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) results revealed differences in the level of enrichment of bacterial groups caused by FV at different concentrations and isomer levels. Collectively, this study showed that FV residue has a pronounced effect on bacterial communities in sediment, which becomes more significant with increasing exposure concentration. The effects of the cis- and trans-enantiomers of FV on the sediment environment are different; the cis-enantiomer has a stronger effect on the bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gengdong Hu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Fan
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yang
- Fisheries Engineering Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Li
- Fisheries Engineering Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Qiu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazhang Chen
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Longxiang Fang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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28
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Bighiu MA, Goedkoop W. Interactions with freshwater biofilms cause rapid removal of common herbicides through degradation - evidence from microcosm studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2021; 23:66-72. [PMID: 33325941 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00394h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the role of periphyton biofilms for the fate of three common herbicides, i.e. bentazone, metazachlor and metribuzin, at low, environmental levels and 100 times higher, during a 16 days laboratory experiment. We found that herbicide water concentrations were stable during the first 8 days, whereas substantial declines (>78%) occurred between days 8-16 for all three herbicides. These rapid declines were explained only to a small extent (<8% of the total herbicide loss) by biofilm sorption. As herbicide concentrations in light and dark treatments without biofilms were similar, and the applied light regimen did not cover the UV-spectrum, herbicide photolysis was ruled out as a possible explanation for the observed declines. Furthermore, based on the compounds' characteristics, also volatilization was judged negligible. Therefore, we conjecture that the observed declines in herbicides were due to biodegradation and subsequent evasion of 14CO2 that was driven by enzymatic action from heterotrophic microbes. We reason that heterotrophic microbes used herbicide molecules as labile organic C-sources during C-limitation. Future studies should identify the microbial communities and genes involved in biodegradation in order to understand better the role of biofilms for the self-purification of surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alexandra Bighiu
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Willem Goedkoop
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
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29
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Parizadeh M, Mimee B, Kembel SW. Neonicotinoid Seed Treatments Have Significant Non-target Effects on Phyllosphere and Soil Bacterial Communities. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:619827. [PMID: 33584586 PMCID: PMC7873852 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.619827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The phyllosphere and soil are dynamic habitats for microbial communities. Non-pathogenic microbiota, including leaf and soil beneficial bacteria, plays a crucial role in plant growth and health, as well as in soil fertility and organic matter production. In sustainable agriculture, it is important to understand the composition of these bacterial communities, their changes in response to disturbances, and their resilience to agricultural practices. Widespread pesticide application may have had non-target impacts on these beneficial microorganisms. Neonicotinoids are a family of systemic insecticides being vastly used to control soil and foliar pests in recent decades. A few studies have demonstrated the long-term and non-target effects of neonicotinoids on agroecosystem microbiota, but the generality of these findings remains unclear. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to characterize the effects of neonicotinoid seed treatment on soil and phyllosphere bacterial community diversity, composition and temporal dynamics in a 3-year soybean/corn rotation in Quebec, Canada. We found that habitat, host species and time are stronger drivers of variation in bacterial composition than neonicotinoid application. They, respectively, explained 37.3, 3.2, and 2.9% of the community variation. However, neonicotinoids did have an impact on bacterial community structure, especially on the taxonomic composition of soil communities (2.6%) and over time (2.4%). They also caused a decrease in soil alpha diversity in the middle of the growing season. While the neonicotinoid treatment favored some bacterial genera known as neonicotinoid biodegraders, there was a decline in the relative abundance of some potentially beneficial soil bacteria in response to the pesticide application. Some of these bacteria, such as the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and the bacteria involved in the nitrogen cycle, are vital for plant growth and improve soil fertility. Overall, our results indicate that neonicotinoids have non-target effects on phyllosphere and soil bacterial communities in a soybean-corn agroecosystem. Exploring the interactions among bacteria and other organisms, as well as the bacterial functional responses to the pesticide treatment, may enhance our understanding of these non-target effects and help us adapt agricultural practices to control these impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Parizadeh
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Benjamin Mimee
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Steven W. Kembel
- Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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30
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Ukhurebor KE, Aigbe UO, Onyancha RB, Adetunji CO. Climate Change and Pesticides: Their Consequence on Microorganisms. MICROBIAL REJUVENATION OF POLLUTED ENVIRONMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-7459-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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31
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Metcalf JS, Codd GA. Co-Occurrence of Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins with Other Environmental Health Hazards: Impacts and Implications. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E629. [PMID: 33019550 PMCID: PMC7601082 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxin-producing cyanobacteria in aquatic, terrestrial, and aerial environments can occur alongside a wide range of additional health hazards including biological agents and synthetic materials. Cases of intoxications involving cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, with exposure to additional hazards, are discussed. Examples of the co-occurrence of cyanobacteria in such combinations are reviewed, including cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins plus algal toxins, microbial pathogens and fecal indicator bacteria, metals, pesticides, and microplastics. Toxicity assessments of cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, and these additional agents, where investigated in bioassays and in defined combinations, are discussed and further research needs are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geoffrey A. Codd
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK;
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
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32
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Effect of life stage and pesticide exposure on the gut microbiota of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens L. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9489. [PMID: 32528116 PMCID: PMC7289809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticides commonly contaminate the aquatic environments inhabited by mosquito juveniles. However, their role in shaping the mosquito microbiota is not well understood. We hypothesized that environmentally relevant concentrations of atrazine, permethrin and malathion will mediate a shift in the mosquito gut bacterial community structure due to their toxic effect on the aquatic bacterial communities, and reduce mosquito gut bacterial diversity by enriching pesticide-degrading bacterial communities over susceptible taxa. Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16 S rRNA gene was used to characterize the microbial communities of larval and adult stages of the two mosquito species and the water samples from microcosms treated with each of the pesticides, separately. Bacterial community composition differed by sample type (larval stage vs. adult stage) and water sampling date (day 3 vs. day 7), but not by pesticide treatment. In larval stages, bacterial OTU richness was highest in samples exposed to malathion, intermediate in permethrin, and lowest in controls. Bacterial richness was significantly higher in larval stages compared to adult stages for all treatments. This study provides a primer for future studies evaluating mosquito microbial responses to exposures to chemical pesticides and the possible implications for mosquito ecology.
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Rheinheimer Dos Santos D, Monteiro de Castro Lima JA, Paranhos Rosa de Vargas J, Camotti Bastos M, Santanna Dos Santos MA, Mondamert L, Labanowski J. Pesticide bioaccumulation in epilithic biofilms as a biomarker of agricultural activities in a representative watershed. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:381. [PMID: 32430726 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Brazil is one of the largest consumers of pesticides in the world. The high rainfall rate and inadequate soil use and management promote the transfer of these compounds to the aquatic system. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify pesticides present in epilithic biofilms in order to evaluate the effectiveness of this matrix as a bioindicator able to discriminate areas and periods with different inputs of pesticides. Among the 25 pesticides analyzed in the biofilms, 20 compounds were detected. The epilithic biofilms picked up pesticides independent of their polarities, even in the period of lower use. The frequency and median concentration of five herbicides (2,4-D, atrazine, desethyl-atrazine, simazine, nicosulfuron), three fungicides (carbendazim, epoxiconazole, tebuconazole), and one insecticide (imidacloprid) were highest in biofilms sampled in summer crops during the growing period. Biofilms collected in the upper region of the catchment, where genetically modified soybean and corn cultivated in a no-tillage system prevail, the highest frequency and median concentration of three herbicides (2,4-D, thifensulfuron, isoproturon), four fungicides (carbendazim, epoxiconazole, tebuconazole, metconazole), and one insecticide (imidacloprid) were observed. Despite the excessive amounts of pesticides used in the catchment, the median values of all pesticides in the epilithic biofilm were considered low. The lower diversity and concentration of pesticides observed in the autumn/winter season is representative of lower use of pesticides, barriers to pesticide transfer from soil to water, and the biofilm's resilience capacity to decompose pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Rheinheimer Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Av. Roraima nº 1000. Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Monteiro de Castro Lima
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Av. Roraima nº 1000. Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia - Alagoas, Campus Maragogi, Rodovia Arnon de Melo, AL 101 Norte, S/N Atemar de Barros, 56304205, Maragogi, AL, Brazil
- Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 ENSI Poitiers Bâtiment B16 7, rue Marcel Doré TSA, 41105 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Jocelina Paranhos Rosa de Vargas
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Av. Roraima nº 1000. Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
- Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 ENSI Poitiers Bâtiment B16 7, rue Marcel Doré TSA, 41105 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France.
| | - Marilia Camotti Bastos
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Av. Roraima nº 1000. Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 ENSI Poitiers Bâtiment B16 7, rue Marcel Doré TSA, 41105 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Maria Alice Santanna Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Av. Roraima nº 1000. Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Leslie Mondamert
- Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 ENSI Poitiers Bâtiment B16 7, rue Marcel Doré TSA, 41105 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Jérôme Labanowski
- Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 ENSI Poitiers Bâtiment B16 7, rue Marcel Doré TSA, 41105 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
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Mahler BJ, Schmidt TS, Nowell LH, Qi SL, Van Metre PC, Hladik ML, Carlisle DM, Munn MD, May J. Biofilms Provide New Insight into Pesticide Occurrence in Streams and Links to Aquatic Ecological Communities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:5509-5519. [PMID: 32309929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Streambed sediment is commonly analyzed to assess occurrence of hydrophobic pesticides and risks to aquatic communities. However, stream biofilms also have the potential to accumulate pesticides and may be consumed by aquatic organisms. To better characterize risks to aquatic life, the U.S. Geological Survey Regional Stream Quality Assessment measured 93 current-use and 3 legacy pesticides in bed sediment and biofilm from 54 small streams in California across a range of land-use settings. On average, 4 times as many current-use pesticides were detected in biofilm at a site (median of 2) as in sediment (median of 0.5). Of 31 current-use pesticides detected, 20 were detected more frequently in biofilm than in sediment and 10 with equal frequency. Pyrethroids as a class were the most potentially toxic to benthic invertebrates, and of the 9 pyrethroids detected, 7 occurred more frequently in biofilm than sediment. We constructed general additive models to investigate relations between pesticides and 6 metrics of benthic community structure. Pesticides in biofilm improved fit in 4 of the 6 models, and pesticides in sediment improved fit in 2. The results indicate that the sampling of stream biofilms can complement bed-sediment sampling by identification of more current-use pesticides present and better estimation of ecological risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Mahler
- U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma-Texas Science Center Austin, Texas 78751, United States
| | - Travis S Schmidt
- U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Water Science Center Lakewood, Colorado 80225, United States
| | - Lisa H Nowell
- U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center Sacramento, California 95819, United States
| | - Sharon L Qi
- U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Water Science Center Lakewood, Colorado 80225, United States
| | - Peter C Van Metre
- U.S. Geological Survey, Headquarters Reston, Virginia 20192, United States
| | - Michelle L Hladik
- U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center Sacramento, California 95819, United States
| | - Daren M Carlisle
- U.S. Geological Survey, Headquarters Reston, Virginia 20192, United States
| | - Mark D Munn
- U.S. Geological Survey, Washington Water Science Center Tacoma, Washington 98402, United States
| | - Jason May
- U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center Sacramento, California 95819, United States
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Shanta PV, Li B, Stuart DD, Cheng Q. Plasmonic Gold Templates Enhancing Single Cell Lipidomic Analysis of Microorganisms. Anal Chem 2020; 92:6213-6217. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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36
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Hamed SM, Hassan SH, Selim S, Wadaan MAM, Mohany M, Hozzein WN, AbdElgawad H. Differential responses of two cyanobacterial species to R-metalaxyl toxicity: Growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113681. [PMID: 31843238 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Metalaxyl is a broad-spectrum chiral fungicide that used for the protection of plants, however extensive use of metalaxyl resulted in serious environmental problems. Thus, a study on the detoxification mechanism in algae/cyanobacteria and their ability for phycoremediation is highly recommended. Here, we investigated the physiological and biochemical responses of two cyanobacterial species; Anabaena laxa and Nostoc muscorum to R-metalaxyl toxicity as well as their ability as phycoremediators. Two different levels of R-metalaxyl, at mild (10 mg/L) and high dose (25 mg/L), were applied for one-week. We found that A. laxa absorbed and accumulated more intracellular R-metalaxyl compared to N. muscorum. R-metalaxyl, which triggered a dose-based reduction in cell growth, photosynthetic pigment content, and photosynthetic key enzymes' activities i.e., phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and ribulose‒1,5‒bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo). These decreases were significantly less pronounced in A. laxa. On the other hand, R-metalaxyl significantly induced oxidative damage markers, e.g., H2O2 levels, lipid peroxidation (MDA), protein oxidation and NADPH oxidase activity. However, these increases were also lower in A. laxa compared to N. muscorum. To alleviate R-metalaxyl toxicity, A. laxa induced the polyphenols, flavonoids, tocopherols and glutathione (GSH) levels as well as peroxidase (POX), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) enzyme activities. On the contrary, the significant induction of antioxidants in N. muscorum was restricted to ascorbate, catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) enzyme activities. Although A. laxa accumulated more R-metalaxyl, it experienced less stress due to subsequent induction of antioxidants. Therefore, A. laxa may be a promising R-metalaxyl phycoremediator. Our results provided basic data for understanding the ecotoxicology of R-metalaxyl contamination in aquatic habitats and the toxicity indices among cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham M Hamed
- Soil Microbiology Department, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, P.O. 175, El‒Orman, Egypt.
| | - Sherif H Hassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. 2014, Saudi Arabia; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. 2014, Saudi Arabia; Microbiology and Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, P.O. Box 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A M Wadaan
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael N Hozzein
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt; Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Abdi DE, Owen JS, Brindley JC, Birnbaum AC, Wilson PC, Hinz FO, Reguera G, Lee JY, Cregg BM, Kort DR, Fernandez RT. Nutrient and pesticide remediation using a two-stage bioreactor-adsorptive system under two hydraulic retention times. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115311. [PMID: 31783190 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nutrients and pesticides in agricultural runoff contribute to the degradation of water resources. Nitrates and phosphates can be remediated through the use of treatment systems such as woodchip bioreactors and adsorbent aggregate filters; however, concerns remain over potential effects of pesticides on nutrient removal efficiency in these systems. To test this, we designed laboratory-scale woodchip bioreactors equipped with secondary adsorbent aggregate filters and investigated the capacity of these systems to remediate nutrients when operated under two hydraulic retention times (HRT) and in the presence of commonly used pesticides. The woodchip bioreactors effectively removed over 99% of nitrate per day when operated under a 72 h hydraulic retention time, with the secondary expanded shale aggregate filters consistently reducing phosphate concentrations by 80-87%. Treatment efficacy of both systems was maintained in the presence of the insecticide chlorpyrifos. Reducing HRT in the bioreactors to 21 min decreased nitrate removal efficiency; however, the insecticides bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, and the herbicide oxyfluorfen were reduced by 76%, 63%, and 31%, respectively. Cultivation approaches led to the isolation of 45 different species from the woodchip bioreactors operated under a 21 min HRT, with Bacillus species being the most prevalent throughout the treatment. By contrast, pesticide application decreased the number and diversity of Bacillus isolates and enriched for Pseudomonas and Exiguobacterium species. Woodchip bioreactors and adsorbent aggregate filters provide effective treatment platforms to remediate agrochemicals, where they maintain treatment efficacy in the presence of pesticides and can be modulated through HRT management to achieve environmental and operational water quality goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon E Abdi
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St. Room A288, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - James S Owen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech Agricultural Experiment Station, 1444 Diamond Springs Road, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, USA
| | - Julie C Brindley
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech Agricultural Experiment Station, 1444 Diamond Springs Road, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, USA
| | - Anna C Birnbaum
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech Agricultural Experiment Station, 1444 Diamond Springs Road, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, USA
| | - P Chris Wilson
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, University of Florida, 2181 McCarty Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Francisca O Hinz
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, University of Florida, 2181 McCarty Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Gemma Reguera
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, 6190 Biomedical Physical Sciences, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Joo-Young Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, 6190 Biomedical Physical Sciences, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Bert M Cregg
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St. Room A288, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Daniel R Kort
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St. Room A288, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - R Thomas Fernandez
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St. Room A288, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Zare MR, Dehghani M, Fakhraei Fard A. Investigating the relationship between synergistic effects and diversity of four widely used agricultural pesticides by using bacterial species in liquid culture medium. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:176. [PMID: 32062749 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interactive effects of mixtures of pesticides on bacteria are rarely investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the cumulative, synergistic, and antagonistic effects of four widely used agricultural pesticides including deltamethrin, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, and Bacillus bacteria. The reduction of alamar blue, as an indicator of bacterial activity, was measured using a spectrophotometer at 600-nm wavelength. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software. The binary mixtures of pesticides had mainly antagonistic and additive effects, but quadruple mixtures of pesticides had synergistic effects on all of the three bacterial species. In the mixtures of pesticides, increasing the number of compounds leads to more synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Zare
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Dehghani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Faculty of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. box: 111, Shiraz, 71645, Iran.
| | - Atefeh Fakhraei Fard
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Rouzé R, Moné A, Delbac F, Belzunces L, Blot N. The Honeybee Gut Microbiota Is Altered after Chronic Exposure to Different Families of Insecticides and Infection by Nosema ceranae. Microbes Environ 2019; 34:226-233. [PMID: 31378758 PMCID: PMC6759349 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me18169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut of the European honeybee Apis mellifera is the site of exposure to multiple stressors, such as pathogens and ingested chemicals. Therefore, the gut microbiota, which contributes to host homeostasis, may be altered by these stressors. The abundance of major bacterial taxa in the gut was evaluated in response to infection with the intestinal parasite Nosema ceranae or chronic exposure to low doses of the neurotoxic insecticides coumaphos, fipronil, thiamethoxam, and imidacloprid. Experiments were performed under laboratory conditions on adult workers collected from hives in February (winter bees) and July (summer bees) and revealed season-dependent changes in the bacterial community composition. N. ceranae and a lethal fipronil treatment increased the relative abundance of both Gilliamella apicola and Snodgrassella alvi in surviving winter honeybees. The parasite and a sublethal exposure to all insecticides decreased the abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. regardless of the season. The similar effects induced by insecticides belonging to distinct molecular families suggested a shared and indirect mode of action on the gut microbiota, possibly through aspecific alterations in gut homeostasis. These results demonstrate that infection and chronic exposure to low concentrations of insecticides may affect the honeybee holobiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Régis Rouzé
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire "Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement"
| | - Anne Moné
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire "Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement"
| | - Frédéric Delbac
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire "Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement"
| | | | - Nicolas Blot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire "Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement"
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40
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Hao L, Zheng X, Wang Y, Li S, Shang C, Xu Y. Inhibition of Tomato Early Blight Disease by Culture Extracts of a Streptomyces puniceus Isolate from Mangrove Soil. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:1149-1156. [PMID: 30794487 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-18-0444-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the potential of natural products derived from a mangrove rhizosphere bacterium in tomato early blight management. A Streptomyces puniceus strain L75 was isolated from the rhizosphere of Acanthus ilicifolius Linn in the Mai Po Reserve, Hong Kong. The crude ethyl acetate (EA) extract of L75 fermentation cultures has broad-spectrum antifungal bioactivities. L75 EA extract was significantly more effective in Alternaria solani growth inhibition at 25 μg/ml or lower compared with Mancozeb, with no observable negative impacts on tomato leaves or root development. Furthermore, L75 EA extract had significantly lower aquatic toxicity than Mancozeb at the same concentrations. L75 EA extract targets germ tube elongation of A. solani conidia, with a fungistatic mode of action. Liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis identified two possible antifungal compounds, Alteramide A and the Heat-Stable Antifungal Factor, which together contribute partially to the bioactivity of L75 EA extract. On detached tomato leaves, coinoculation of A. solani with L75 EA extract of 50, 25, or 5 μg/ml reduced diseased areas by ∼98, ∼90, and ∼48%, respectively, relative to the control after 5 days. This study demonstrates the potential of natural products from mangrove rhizosphere bacteria in agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Hao
- 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
- 2 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
- 2 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- 2 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangfei Li
- 2 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenjing Shang
- 2 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xu
- 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
- 2 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
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Zubrod JP, Bundschuh M, Arts G, Brühl CA, Imfeld G, Knäbel A, Payraudeau S, Rasmussen JJ, Rohr J, Scharmüller A, Smalling K, Stehle S, Schulz R, Schäfer RB. Fungicides: An Overlooked Pesticide Class? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:3347-3365. [PMID: 30835448 PMCID: PMC6536136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fungicides are indispensable to global food security and their use is forecasted to intensify. Fungicides can reach aquatic ecosystems and occur in surface water bodies in agricultural catchments throughout the entire growing season due to their frequent, prophylactic application. However, in comparison to herbicides and insecticides, the exposure to and effects of fungicides have received less attention. We provide an overview of the risk of fungicides to aquatic ecosystems covering fungicide exposure (i.e., environmental fate, exposure modeling, and mitigation measures) as well as direct and indirect effects of fungicides on microorganisms, macrophytes, invertebrates, and vertebrates. We show that fungicides occur widely in aquatic systems, that the accuracy of predicted environmental concentrations is debatable, and that fungicide exposure can be effectively mitigated. We additionally demonstrate that fungicides can be highly toxic to a broad range of organisms and can pose a risk to aquatic biota. Finally, we outline central research gaps that currently challenge our ability to predict fungicide exposure and effects, promising research avenues, and shortcomings of the current environmental risk assessment for fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen P. Zubrod
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
- Eußerthal
Ecosystem Research Station, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Birkenthalstraße
13, D-76857 Eußerthal, Germany
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
- Department
of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish
University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart Hjelms väg 9, SWE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gertie Arts
- Wageningen
Environmental Research, Wageningen University
and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten A. Brühl
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Gwenaël Imfeld
- Laboratoire
d’Hydrologie et de Géochimie de Strasbourg (LHyGeS), Université de Strasbourg/ENGEES, CNRS, 1 rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Anja Knäbel
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Sylvain Payraudeau
- Laboratoire
d’Hydrologie et de Géochimie de Strasbourg (LHyGeS), Université de Strasbourg/ENGEES, CNRS, 1 rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Jes J. Rasmussen
- Aarhus
University, Dept. of Bioscience, Vejlsoevej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Jason Rohr
- University
of South Florida, Department of Integrative
Biology, Tampa, Florida, United States
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Environmental Change Initiative, and Eck Institute
for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United
States
| | - Andreas Scharmüller
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Kelly Smalling
- U.S.
Geological Survey, New Jersey Water Science
Center, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, United States
| | - Sebastian Stehle
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
- Eußerthal
Ecosystem Research Station, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Birkenthalstraße
13, D-76857 Eußerthal, Germany
| | - Ralf Schulz
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
- Eußerthal
Ecosystem Research Station, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Birkenthalstraße
13, D-76857 Eußerthal, Germany
| | - Ralf B. Schäfer
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
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Ramakrishnan B, Venkateswarlu K, Sethunathan N, Megharaj M. Local applications but global implications: Can pesticides drive microorganisms to develop antimicrobial resistance? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 654:177-189. [PMID: 30445319 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are an important agricultural input, and the introduction of new active ingredients with increased efficiencies drives their higher production and consumption worldwide. Inappropriate application and storage of these chemicals often contaminate plant tissues, air, water, or soil environments. The presence of pesticides can lead to developing tolerance, resistance or persistence and even the capabilities to degrade them by the microbiomes of theses environments. The pesticide-degrading microorganisms gain and employ several mechanisms for attraction (chemotaxis), membrane transport systems, efflux pumps, enzymes and genetical make-up with plasmid and chromosome encoded catabolic genes for degradation. Even the evolution and the mechanisms of inheritance for pesticide-degradation as a functional trait in several microorganisms are beginning to be understood. Because of the commonalities in the microbial responses of sensing and uptake, and adaptation due to the selection pressures of pesticides and antimicrobial substances including antibiotics, the pesticide-degraders have higher chances of possessing antimicrobial resistance as a surplus functional trait. This review critically examines the probabilities of pesticide contamination of soil and foliage, the knowledge gaps in the regulation and storage of pesticide chemicals, and the human implications of pesticide-degrading microorganisms with antimicrobial resistance in the global strategy of 'One Health'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kadiyala Venkateswarlu
- Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515055, India
| | - Nambrattil Sethunathan
- Flat No. 103, Ushodaya Apartments, Sri Venkateswara Officers Colony, Ramakrishnapuram, Secunderabad 500056, India
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER) and Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, ATC Building, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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Solid phase extraction of pesticides from environmental waters using an MSU-1 mesoporous material and determination by UPLC-MS/MS. Talanta 2019; 199:612-619. [PMID: 30952305 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.02.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of a silica based MSU-1 mesoporous solid and its application as sorbent in solid-phase extraction to pre-concentrate thirteen pesticides of low-high polarity (methomyl, cymoxanil, carbofuran, monolinuron, isoproturon, methidathion, methiocarb, malathion, phosalone, diazinon, penconazole, neburon and chlorotoluron) in ground and river water. The synthesis was based in an H-bonding interaction assembling (I0N0) between two non-ionic components (the inorganic silica surface, I0 and the polyethylene oxide template, N0) by adding tetraethoxysilane to the non-ionic surfactant Brij®100, the latter previously dissolved in HCl 1 M. 50 mL water samples adjusted at pH= 3.5 were passed, at a flow rate of 5 mL/min, through a home-made cartridge containing 50 mg of MSU-1 sorbent, pre-conditioned with 5 mL of ultrapure water; then, the cartridge was washed with 5 mL of ultrapure water. Following elution with 5 mL of acetonitrile, the pesticides were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry. Two selected reaction monitoring transitions were monitored per compound, the most intense one being used for quantification and the second one for confirmation. Three points were used for identification, as established in the Directive 96/23/EC for LC-MS/MS analysis, which deals with confirmatory methods for organic residues and contaminants listed in the Group B (veterinary drugs and contaminants). Medium matrix effect (|20%|<ME<|50%|) was found for methiocarb and malathion, whereas diazinon and phosalone showed strong matrix effect (ME≥>|50%|). Therefore, the standard addition methodology was applied by adding an adequate amount of the pesticide standard mixture to the final sample extract. All pesticides were quantified using this approach for practical reasons, thus avoiding two different calibrations. The method quantification limit (MQL) of pesticides was 0.01 μg/L for all of them, except for diazinon (0.1 μg/L). Recoveries of the target pesticides at MQL and 0.25 µg/L concentration levels in blank river water were in the range 70.1-113.5% and 86.7-107.3%, respectively, with RSDs lower than 16.3% and 15.7%, respectively. Four ground water samples and three river water samples, taken from Almería (Spain), were analyzed by the proposed method and only phosalone at a concentration level of 0.05 µg/L was found in one river water sample.
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Sgier L, Behra R, Schönenberger R, Kroll A, Zupanic A. Evaluation of Phototrophic Stream Biofilms Under Stress: Comparing Traditional and Novel Ecotoxicological Endpoints After Exposure to Diuron. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2974. [PMID: 30555454 PMCID: PMC6281688 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stream biofilms have been shown to be among the most sensitive indicators of environmental stress in aquatic ecosystems and several endpoints have been developed to measure biofilm adverse effects caused by environmental stressors. Here, we compare the effects of long-term exposure of stream biofilms to diuron, a commonly used herbicide, on several traditional ecotoxicological endpoints (biomass growth, photosynthetic efficiency, chlorophyll-a content, and taxonomic composition), with the effects measured by recently developed methods [community structure assessed by flow cytometry (FC-CS) and measurement of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)]. Biofilms grown from local stream water in recirculating microcosms were exposed to a constant concentration of 20 μg/L diuron over a period of 3 weeks. During the experiment, we observed temporal variation in photosynthetic efficiency, biomass, cell size, presence of decaying cells and in the EPS protein fraction. While biomass growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and chlorophyll-a content were treatment independent, the effects of diuron were detectable with both FC and EPS measurements. This demonstrates that, at least for our experimental setup, a combination of different ecotoxicological endpoints can be important for evaluating biofilm environmental stress and suggests that the more recent ecotoxicological endpoints (FC-CS, EPS protein content and humic substances) can be a useful addition for stream biofilm ecotoxicological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Sgier
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Renata Behra
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - René Schönenberger
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Kroll
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Anze Zupanic
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Fouilland E, Galès A, Beaugelin I, Lanouguère E, Pringault O, Leboulanger C. Influence of bacteria on the response of microalgae to contaminant mixtures. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:449-455. [PMID: 30077939 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
When microalgae are exposed to contaminants, the role of associated bacteria within the phycosphere, the microenvironment surrounding algal cells, remains largely unknown. The present study investigated the importance of algae-associated bacteria on the responses of microalgae growth to metallic and organic toxicant exposure. The effects of a polluted sediment elutriate, and of metal or pesticide mixtures at environmentally relevant concentrations (<10 μg L-1) were assessed on the growth of two microalgae strains: Isochrysis galbana, a prymnesiophyte, and Thalassiosira delicatula, a centric diatom. Both cultures were maintained as axenic or bacterized under similar conditions in batch cultures. In axenic conditions, the metal mixture addition at low concentrations alleviated limitation of growth by metals for T. delicatula relative to control, but inhibited I. galbana growth at highest concentration. In similar axenic conditions, both T. delicatula and I. galbana growth were negatively inhibited by pesticide mixture at concentrations as low as 10 ng L-1. The bacterial diversities associated with the two microalgae strains were significantly different (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity greater than 0.9) but their impact on microalgae growth was similar. The presence of bacteria reduced algal growth rate by ca. 50% compared to axenic cultures, whereas no significant effect of sediment elutriate, metal or pesticide mixtures was noticed on non-axenic algal growth rates. These results show that bacteria may have a negative effect on algal growth but can reduce pesticide toxicity or metal availability to algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Fouilland
- MARBEC, CNRS IRD IFREMER Univ Montpellier, Sète, France.
| | - Amandine Galès
- MARBEC, CNRS IRD IFREMER Univ Montpellier, Sète, France; LBE, INRA, Univ Montpellier, Narbonne, France
| | - Inès Beaugelin
- MARBEC, CNRS IRD IFREMER Univ Montpellier, Sète, France; Present address: Institut de biosciences et biotechnologies, CEA Cadarache, St Paul Lez Durance, France
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Mukherjee D, Dewanjee A, Ghosh S, Majumdar S. Development of graphene oxide/chitosan composite membrane on ceramic support for atrazine remediation by MBR process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:33334-33352. [PMID: 30259323 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. Chitosan was used as an intermediate matrix between the substrate and GO coating. It has hydroxyl and amine groups, which enhances its film forming capacity with hydrophilic GO. This led us to use them as precursors for membrane development. Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the atrazine biodegradation efficiency. Enhanced atrazine removal of > 95% was obtained in the MBR treatment at the optimized conditions. Hermia's model equations were applied to analyze the mechanism of membrane fouling in the UF-MBR system. The influencing parameters were studied in details and pneumatic backpulsing was applied to minimize fouling in the UF-MBR system by statistical analysis. Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) was found to affect both atrazine biodegradation and membrane fouling; hence, its effect was thoroughly analyzed. The developed process hence proved to be highly proficient in terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Mukherjee
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
- Ceramic Membrane Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C.Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Ashmita Dewanjee
- Biotechnology Department, Heritage Institute of technology, Chowbaga road, Anandapur, Kolkata, 700107, India
| | - Sourja Ghosh
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
- Ceramic Membrane Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C.Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Swachchha Majumdar
- Ceramic Membrane Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C.Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
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Singh AK, Singh PP, Tripathi V, Verma H, Singh SK, Srivastava AK, Kumar A. Distribution of cyanobacteria and their interactions with pesticides in paddy field: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 224:361-375. [PMID: 30059934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria, also known as blue green algae are one of the important ubiquitous oxygen evolving photosynthetic prokaryotes and ultimate source of nitrogen for paddy fields since decades. In past two decades, indiscriminated use of pesticides led to biomagnification that intensively harm the structure and soil functions of soil microbes including cyanobacteria. Cyanobacterial abundance biomass, short generation, water holding capacity, mineralizing capacity and more importantly nitrogen fixing have enormous potential to abate the negative effects of pesticides. Therefore, investigation of the ecotoxicological effects of pesticides on the structure and function of the tropical paddy field associated cyanobacteria is urgent and need to estimate the fate of interaction of pesticides over nitrogen fixations and other attributes. In this regard, comprehensive survey over cyanobacterial distribution patterns and their interaction with pesticides in Indian context has been deeply reviewed. In addition, the present paper also deals the molecular docking pattern of pesticides with the nitrogen fixing proteins, which helps in revealing the functional interpretation over nitrogen fixation process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Prem Pratap Singh
- Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vijay Tripathi
- Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, 211007, India
| | - Hariom Verma
- Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | | | - Ajay Kumar
- Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Knutie SA, Gabor CR, Kohl KD, Rohr JR. Do host-associated gut microbiota mediate the effect of an herbicide on disease risk in frogs? J Anim Ecol 2017; 87:489-499. [PMID: 29030867 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Environmental stressors, such as pollutants, can increase disease risk in wildlife. For example, the herbicide atrazine affects host defences (e.g. resistance and tolerance) of the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), but the mechanisms for these associations are not entirely clear. Given that pollutants can alter the gut microbiota of hosts, which in turn can affect their health and immune systems, one potential mechanism by which pollutants could increase infection risk is by influencing host-associated microbiota. Here, we test whether early-life exposure to the estimated environmental concentration (EEC; 200 μg/L) of atrazine affects the gut bacterial composition of Cuban tree frog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) tadpoles and adults and whether any atrazine-induced change in community composition might affect host defences against Bd. We also determine whether early-life changes in the stress hormone corticosterone affect gut microbiota by experimentally inhibiting corticosterone synthesis with metyrapone. With the exception of changing the relative abundances of two bacterial genera in adulthood, atrazine did not affect gut bacterial diversity or community composition of tadpoles (in vivo or in vitro) or adults. Metyrapone did not significantly affect bacterial diversity of tadpoles, but significantly increased bacterial diversity of adults. Gut bacterial diversity during Bd exposure did not predict host tolerance or resistance to Bd intensity in tadpoles or adults. However, early-life bacterial diversity negatively predicted Bd intensity as adult frogs. Specifically, Bd intensity as adults was associated negatively with the relative abundance of phylum Fusobacteria in the guts of tadpoles. Our results suggest that the effect of atrazine on Bd infection risk is not mediated by host-associated microbiota because atrazine does not affect microbiota of tadpoles or adults. However, host-associated microbes seem important in host resistance to Bd because the early-life microbiota, during immune system development, predicted later-life infection risk with Bd. Overall, our study suggests that increasing gut bacterial diversity and relative abundances of Fusobacteria might have lasting positive effects on amphibian health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Knutie
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Caitlin R Gabor
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Kevin D Kohl
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jason R Rohr
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Duguma D, Ortiz SL, Lin Y, Wilson PC, Walton WE. Effects of a larval mosquito biopesticide and Culex larvae on a freshwater nanophytoplankton (Selenastrum capricornatum) under axenic conditions. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2017; 42:51-59. [PMID: 28504446 DOI: 10.1111/jvec.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The effects of microbial biopesticides used for mosquito control on autotrophic microorganisms such as nanophytoplankton are equivocal. We examined impacts of mosquito biopesticides and mosquito larvae on primary producers in two independent experiments. In the first experiment, we examined the effects of a commonly used microbial biopesticide formulation (VectoMax® CG) on a unicellular microalga, Selenastrum capricornatum Printz, under axenic laboratory conditions. The biopesticide treatments included two concentrations (0.008 and 0.016 g liter-1 ) of VectoMax® CG and two controls (one untreated and another with autoclaved 0.016 g VectoMax® CG liter-1 ) in replicated axenic experimental microcosms. Spectrophotometric analysis of chlorophyll a (proxy for algal biomass) and direct enumeration of algal cells following the treatments revealed no significant effects of the microbial biopesticide on algal population growth during the four-week study. In the second experiment, we tested the effects of different densities of Culex larvae on the population of S. capricornatum. Effects of mosquito larvae feeding on S. capricornatum were significant with a curvilinear relationship between larval density and algal abundance in the water column. Together, these studies demonstrated a lack of direct cytological/toxicological effects of Bacillus-based microbial pesticides on freshwater primary production and support the hypothesis that the reduction in algal primary production previously reported when Bti products were applied to aquatic environments was likely independent of the Bacillus-based larvicidal toxins. Instead, it was likely mediated by microbial interactions in the water column and the trophic cascade effects that resulted from the removal of larval mosquitoes. These studies suggest that mosquito larvae independent of pesticide application can influence primary production. Our method of evaluating biopesticides against small photoautotrophs can be very useful for studying the unintended effects on autotrophic microorganisms of other pesticides, including herbicides and pesticides applied to aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagne Duguma
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida/IFAS, Vero Beach, FL, U.S.A
| | - Sara L Ortiz
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida/IFAS, Vero Beach, FL, U.S.A
| | - Youjian Lin
- Indian River Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Fort Pierce, FL, U.S.A
| | - P Chris Wilson
- Department of Soil and Water Science, University of Florida/IFAS, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A
| | - William E Walton
- Department of Entomology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, U.S.A
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