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Oumeddour DZ, Lin W, Lian C, Zhao L, Wang X, Zhao L, Guo L. The Anti-Diabetic Effect of Non-Starch Polysaccharides Extracted from Wheat Beer on Diet/STZ-Induced Diabetic Mice. Foods 2024; 13:2692. [PMID: 39272460 PMCID: PMC11394238 DOI: 10.3390/foods13172692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a major cause of mortality, is characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. The increasing prevalence of DM is linked to lifestyle changes and there is a need for alternative approaches to conventional oral hypoglycemic agents. Polysaccharides, particularly non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs), have been identified as promising hypoglycemic agents. Cereals, especially wheat, are key sources of dietary polysaccharides, with NSPs derived from wheat beer attracting significant interest. This study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of NSPs extracted from wheat beer in STZ-induced diabetic C57BL/6J male mice. The results showed that NSPs extract positively influenced blood glucose regulation, lipid profiles, and liver and kidney functions, by attenuating liver AST and kidney CRE levels in a dose-dependent manner. The NSPs demonstrated anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, potentially providing significant benefits in managing diabetes and its complications. Moreover, the study revealed the histoprotective effects of NSPs on the liver and pancreas, reducing lipid deposition, necrosis, and inflammation. These findings highlight the multifaceted advantages of NSPs and suggest their potential as effective agents in diabetes management. This study supports the need for further research into the therapeutic potential of NSPs and their application in developing innovative treatments for diabetes and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounya Zad Oumeddour
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wen Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Beer Brewing Technology, Technical Center of Beijing Yanjing Brewery Co., Ltd., Beijing 101300, China
| | - Chang Lian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Beer Brewing Technology, Technical Center of Beijing Yanjing Brewery Co., Ltd., Beijing 101300, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Liyun Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Beer Brewing Technology, Technical Center of Beijing Yanjing Brewery Co., Ltd., Beijing 101300, China
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Abu Khadra KM, Bataineh MI, Khalil A, Saleh J. Oxidative stress and type 2 diabetes: the development and the pathogenesis, Jordanian cross-sectional study. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:370. [PMID: 39014510 PMCID: PMC11253486 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01906-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can disrupt the antioxidant defense system, leading to oxidative stress that leads to pathological damage to vital human organs, including hormone-producing glands. Normal physiological function is subsequently disrupted and disorders such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) may develop. The critical role of the antioxidant defense system in counteracting ROS and mitigating oxidative stress is fundamental to understanding the pathogenesis of T2DM. In our study, we monitored the oxidant/antioxidant status in a selected Jordanian population to further elucidate this relationship. Our results show higher serum levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA); 0.230 ± 0.05 and 0.207 ± 0.06 μmol/l for the diabetic and the obese groups, respectively, relative to 0.135 ± 0.04 μmol/l for the non-obese healthy group. Lower activity of Catalase (CAT) was recorded among the diabetic (9.2 ± 3.2) and obese groups (11.0 ± 2.8), compared to the non-obese healthy group (12.1 ± 3.5). Significant elevations (P < 0.05) were observed in uric acid concentrations in diabetic and obese subjects: 451 ± 57 mg/dl and 430 ± 51, respectively, versus 342 ± 57 mg/dl in the non-obese healthy group. Moreover, no significant differences were obtained between all the studied groups for the serum albumin and total protein concentrations. Our findings demonstrate the potential role of oxidative stress in the development and occurrence of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid M Abu Khadra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 21163, Jordan.
| | | | - Ahmad Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 21163, Jordan
| | - Jumana Saleh
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, 123, Muscat, Oman
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Assaggaf H, Jeddi M, Mrabti HN, Ez-Zoubi A, Qasem A, Attar A, Goh BH, Tan SL, Bouyahya A, Goh KW, Hachlafi NE. Design of three-component essential oil extract mixture from Cymbopogon flexuosus, Carum carvi, and Acorus calamus with enhanced antioxidant activity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9195. [PMID: 38649707 PMCID: PMC11035653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59708-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of novel antioxidant compounds with high efficacy and low toxicity is of utmost importance in the medicine and food industries. Moreover, with increasing concerns about the safety of synthetic components, scientists are beginning to search for natural sources of antioxidants, especially essential oils (EOs). The combination of EOs may produce a higher scavenging profile than a single oil due to better chemical diversity in the mixture. Therefore, this exploratory study aims to assess the antioxidant activity of three EOs extracted from Cymbopogon flexuosus, Carum carvi, and Acorus calamus in individual and combined forms using the augmented-simplex design methodology. The in vitro antioxidant assays were performed using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging approaches. The results of the Chromatography Gas-Mass spectrometry (CG-MS) characterization showed that citral (29.62%) and niral (27.32%) are the main components for C. flexuosus, while D-carvone (62.09%) and D-limonene (29.58%) are the most dominant substances in C. carvi. By contrast, β-asarone (69.11%) was identified as the principal component of A. calamus (30.2%). The individual EO exhibits variable scavenging activities against ABTS and DPPH radicals. These effects were enhanced through the mixture of the three EOs. The optimal antioxidant formulation consisted of 20% C. flexuosus, 53% C. carvi, and 27% A. calamus for DPPHIC50. Whereas 17% C. flexuosus, 43% C. carvi, and 40% A. calamus is the best combination leading to the highest scavenging activity against ABTS radical. These findings suggest a new research avenue for EOs combinations to be developed as novel natural formulations useful in food and biopharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Jeddi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road, P.O. Box 2202, Fez, Morocco
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Euromed Research Center, Euromed Faculty of Pharmacy and School of Engineering and Biotechnology, Euromed University of Fes (UEMF), Meknes Road, 30000, Fez, Morocco
| | - Amine Ez-Zoubi
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d'Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Qasem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Attar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- Sunway Biofunctional Molecules Discovery Centre, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Sang Loon Tan
- Sunway Biofunctional Molecules Discovery Centre, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road, P.O. Box 2202, Fez, Morocco
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Matsumura K, Mori T, Dohi T, Kawamura YI, Takaki S. Composition of fatty acids in a high-fat diet affects adipose tissue inflammation by inducing calreticulin on adipocytes and activating group 1 innate lymphoid cells. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350800. [PMID: 38282083 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation plays a critical role in the development of metabolic diseases. For example, NK1.1+ group 1 innate lymphoid cells (G1-ILCs) in adipose tissues are activated in the early stages of inflammation in response to a high-fat diet (HFD). In this study, we examined whether the composition of fatty acids affected adipose inflammatory responses induced by an HFD. Mice were fed a stearic acid (C18:0)-rich HFD (HFD-S) or a linoleic acid (C18:2)-rich HFD (HFD-L). HFD-L-fed mice showed significant obesity compared with HFD-S-fed mice. Visceral and subcutaneous fat pads were enlarged and contained more NK1.1+KLRG1+ cells, indicating that G1-ILCs were activated in HFD-L-fed mice. We examined early changes in adipose tissues during the first week of HFD intake, and found that mice fed HFD-L showed increased levels of NK1.1+CD11b+KLRG1+ cells in adipose tissues. In adipose tissue culture, addition of 4-hydroxynonenal, the most frequent product of lipid peroxidation derived from unsaturated fatty acids, induced NK1.1+CD11b+CD27- cells. We found that calreticulin, a ligand for the NK activating receptor, was induced on the surface of adipocytes after exposure to 4-hydroxynonenal or a 1-week feeding with HFD-L. Thus, excess fatty acid intake and the activation of G1-ILCs initiate and/or modify adipose inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Matsumura
- Department of Immune Regulation, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taizo Mori
- Department of Immune Regulation, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Liver Disease, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taeko Dohi
- Clinical Research Advancement Section, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki I Kawamura
- Clinical Research Advancement Section, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takaki
- Department of Immune Regulation, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Demirer B, Fisunoğlu M. Evaluation of the effects of dietary advanced glycation end products on inflammation. NUTR BULL 2024; 49:6-18. [PMID: 38114851 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a large number of heterogeneous compounds formed by the glycation of proteins, fats or nucleic acids. Endogenous AGEs have been associated with various health problems such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Inflammation is thought to be one of the main mechanisms in the development of these disorders. Although AGEs are produced endogenously in the body, exogenous sources such as smoking and diet also contribute to the body pool. Therefore, when the AGE pool in the body rises above physiological levels, different pathological conditions may occur through various mechanisms, especially inflammation. While the effects of endogenous AGEs on the development of inflammation have been studied relatively extensively, and current evidence indicates that dietary AGEs (dAGEs) contribute to the body's AGE pool, it is not yet known whether dAGEs have the same effect on the development of inflammation as endogenous AGEs. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate the results of cross-sectional and intervention studies to understand whether dAGEs are associated with inflammation and, if there is an effect on inflammation, through which mechanisms this effect might occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Demirer
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
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Soliman AG, Mahmoud B, Eldin ZE, El-Shahawy AAG, Abdel-Gabbar M. Optimized synthesis characterization and protective activity of quercetin and quercetin–chitosan nanoformula against cardiotoxicity that was induced in male Wister rats via anticancer agent: doxorubicin. Cancer Nanotechnol 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-023-00158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe study’s goal was to look into the protective properties of quercetin (QU) in natural form and QU nanoparticles-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (QU-CHSNPs) against cardiotoxicity. The ionotropic gelation approach was adopted to form QU-CHSNPs. The characterizations were performed using advanced techniques. In vitro, the release profile of QU was studied. Cardiotoxicity was induced by doxorubicin (DOX) and protected via concurrent administration of QU and QU-CHSNPs. The heart's preventive effects of QU and QU-CHSNPs were manifested by a decrease in elevated serum activities of cardiac enzymes, as well as an improvement in the heart's antioxidant defence system and histological changes. The findings substantiated QU-CHSNPs' structure with an entrapment efficiency of 92.56%. The mean of the zeta size distribution was 150 nm, the real average particle size was 50 nm, and the zeta potential value was − 27.9 mV, exhibiting low physical stability. The percent of the free QU-cumulative release was about 70% after 12 h, and QU-CHSNPs showed a 49% continued release with a pattern of sustained release, reaching 98% after 48 h. And as such, QU and QU-CHSNPs restrained the induced cardiotoxicity of DOX in male Wistar rats, with the QU-CHSNPs being more efficient.
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Leopold J, Prabutzki P, Engel KM, Schiller J. From Oxidized Fatty Acids to Dimeric Species: In Vivo Relevance, Generation and Methods of Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:7850. [PMID: 38067577 PMCID: PMC10708296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of free fatty acids (FFAs) and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals (HO●) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is characteristic of inflammatory diseases, for instance, rheumatoid arthritis. Unsaturated fatty acids react with ROS yielding a variety of important products such as peroxides and chlorohydrins as primary and chain-shortened compounds (e.g., aldehydes and carboxylic acids) as secondary products. These modified fatty acids are either released from phospholipids by phospholipases or oxidatively modified subsequent to their release. There is increasing evidence that oligomeric products are also generated upon these processes. Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are considered as very important products, but chlorinated compounds may be converted into dimeric and (with smaller yields) oligomeric products, as well. Our review is structured as follows: first, the different types of FFA oligomers known so far and the mechanisms of their putative generation are explained. Industrially relevant products as well as compounds generated from the frying of vegetable oils are also discussed. Second, the different opinions on whether dimeric fatty acids are considered as "friends" or "foes" are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Leopold
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; (P.P.); (K.M.E.); (J.S.)
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Yi JF, Lin ZZ, Li X, Zhou YQ, Guo Y. A short review on environmental distribution and toxicity of the environmentally persistent free radicals. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139922. [PMID: 37611755 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals (EPFRs) are usually generated by the electron transfer of a certain radical precursor on the surface of a carrier. They are characterized with high activity, wide migration range, and relatively long half-life period. In this review, we summarized the literature on EPFRs published since 2010, including their environmental occurrence and potential cytotoxicity and biotoxicity. The EPFRs in the atmosphere are the most abundant in the environment, mainly generated from the combustion of raw materials or biochar, and the C-center types (quinones, semiquinones radicals, etc.) may exist for a relatively long time. These EPFRs can transform into other substances (such as reactive oxygen species, ROS) under the influence of environmental factors, and partly enter soil and water by wet and dry deposition of particulate matter, which may promote the generation of EPFRs in those media. The wide distribution of EPFRs in the environment may lead to their exposure to biota including humans, resulting in cytotoxicity and biotoxicity. The EPFRs can influence the normal redox process of the biota, and generate a large number of free radicals like ROS. Exposure to EPFRs may change the expression of gene and activity of metabolic enzymes, and damage the cells, as well as some organs such as the lung, trachea, and heart. However, due to the difficulty in sample extraction, identification, and quantification of the specific EPFR individuals, the toxicity and exposure evaluation of biota are still limited which merits study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Feng Yi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Ze-Zhao Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Xing Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yue-Qiao Zhou
- Department of Department of Medical Oncology, Qionghai People's Hospital, Qionghai, 571499, China.
| | - Ying Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
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Martinez PA, Martinez VE, Rani S, Murrell M, Javors M, Gelfond J, Doorn JA, Fernandez E, Strong R. Impaired aldehyde detoxification exacerbates motor deficits in an alpha-synuclein mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3150. [PMID: 37452461 PMCID: PMC10498093 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The discovery of biogenic aldehydes in the postmortem parkinsonian brain and the ability of these aldehydes to modify and cross-link proteins has called attention to their possible role in Parkinson's disease. For example, many in vitro studies have found that the aldehyde metabolite of dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), induces the formation of stable, neurotoxic alpha-synuclein oligomers. METHODS To study this in vivo, mice deficient in the two aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes (Aldh1a1 and Aldh2, DKO) primarily responsible for detoxification of DOPAL in the nigrostriatal pathway were crossed with mice that overexpress human wild-type alpha-synuclein. DKO overexpressing human wild-type alpha-synuclein (DKO/ASO) offspring were evaluated for impairment on motor tasks associated with Parkinsonism. RESULTS DKO/ASO mice developed severe motor deficits greater than that of mice overexpressing human wild-type alpha-synuclein alone. CONCLUSION These results provide evidence to support the idea that biogenic aldehydes such as DOPAL interact with human wild-type alpha-synuclein, directly or indirectly, in vivo to exacerbate locomotor deficits in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Anthony Martinez
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging StudiesUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Center for Biomedical NeuroscienceUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Vanessa Elia Martinez
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging StudiesUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Sheela Rani
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging StudiesUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Meredith Murrell
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Martin Javors
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Jonathan Gelfond
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Jonathan Alan Doorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of PharmacyThe University of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Elizabeth Fernandez
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging StudiesUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterSouth Texas Veterans Health. Care NetworkSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Randy Strong
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging StudiesUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Center for Biomedical NeuroscienceUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterSouth Texas Veterans Health. Care NetworkSan AntonioTexasUSA
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Cai J, Bidulescu A. Associations between e-cigarette use or dual use of e-cigarette and combustible cigarette and metabolic syndrome: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Ann Epidemiol 2023; 85:93-99.e2. [PMID: 37201667 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine associations between e-cigarette use or dual use of e-cigarette and combustible cigarette and metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS Cross-sectional data of 5121 U.S. adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Weighted multivariable Poisson regression models were used to examine associations between e-cigarette use or dual use and MetS and its components. Prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. RESULTS Current and former e-cigarette users were 30% (95% CI: 1.13, 1.50) and 15% (95% CI: 1.03, 1.28) more likely to have MetS than never e-cigarette users. Current or former e-cigarette use was also associated with elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and elevated blood pressure (AOR ranged from 1.15 to 1.42, all P < 0.05). The prevalence of MetS for dual users was 1.35-fold (95% CI: 1.15, 1.58) higher than that for never smokers and 1.21-fold (95% CI: 1.00, 1.46) higher than that for combustible cigarette-only users. Dual users were also more likely to report elevated triglycerides and reduced HDL cholesterol than never smokers or combustible cigarette-only users (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS E-cigarette use or dual use is associated with MetS. Our findings may inform tobacco control policies regarding regulations of e-cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington.
| | - Aurelian Bidulescu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington
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Garza-Campos A, Prieto-Correa JR, Domínguez-Rosales JA, Hernández-Nazará ZH. Implications of receptor for advanced glycation end products for progression from obesity to diabetes and from diabetes to cancer. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:977-994. [PMID: 37547586 PMCID: PMC10401444 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i7.977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are chronic pathologies with a high incidence worldwide. They share some pathological mechanisms, including hyperinsulinemia, the production and release of hormones, and hyperglycemia. The above, over time, affects other systems of the human body by causing tissue hypoxia, low-grade inflammation, and oxidative stress, which lay the pathophysiological groundwork for cancer. The leading causes of death globally are T2DM and cancer. Other main alterations of this pathological triad include the accumulation of advanced glycation end products and the release of endogenous alarmins due to cell death (i.e., damage-associated molecular patterns) such as the intracellular proteins high-mobility group box protein 1 and protein S100 that bind to the receptor for advanced glycation products (RAGE) - a multiligand receptor involved in inflammatory and metabolic and neoplastic processes. This review analyzes the latest advanced reports on the role of RAGE in the development of obesity, T2DM, and cancer, with an aim to understand the intracellular signaling mechanisms linked with cancer initiation. This review also explores inflammation, oxidative stress, hypoxia, cellular senescence, RAGE ligands, tumor microenvironment changes, and the “cancer hallmarks” of the leading tumors associated with T2DM. The assimilation of this information could aid in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to lower the morbidity and mortality associated with these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Garza-Campos
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biología Molecular en Medicina, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Roberto Prieto-Correa
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biología Molecular en Medicina, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Alfredo Domínguez-Rosales
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Zamira Helena Hernández-Nazará
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
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Sabari SS, Balasubramani K, Iyer M, Sureshbabu HW, Venkatesan D, Gopalakrishnan AV, Narayanaswamy A, Senthil Kumar N, Vellingiri B. Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and Parkinson's Disease (PD): a Mechanistic Approach. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03359-y. [PMID: 37118323 PMCID: PMC10144908 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggest that there is a connection between Parkinson's disease (PD) and insulin dysregulation in the brain, whilst the connection between PD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still up for debate. Insulin is widely recognised to play a crucial role in neuronal survival and brain function; any changes in insulin metabolism and signalling in the central nervous system (CNS) can lead to the development of various brain disorders. There is accumulating evidence linking T2DM to PD and other neurodegenerative diseases. In fact, they have a lot in common patho-physiologically, including insulin dysregulation, oxidative stress resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction, microglial activation, and inflammation. As a result, initial research should focus on the role of insulin and its molecular mechanism in order to develop therapeutic outcomes. In this current review, we will look into the link between T2DM and PD, the function of insulin in the brain, and studies related to impact of insulin in causing T2DM and PD. Further, we have also highlighted the role of various insulin signalling pathway in both T2DM and PD. We have also suggested that T2DM-targeting pharmacological strategies as potential therapeutic approach for individuals with cognitive impairment, and we have demonstrated the effectiveness of T2DM-prescribed drugs through current PD treatment trials. In conclusion, this investigation would fill a research gap in T2DM-associated Parkinson's disease (PD) with a potential therapy option.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sri Sabari
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kiruthika Balasubramani
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Iyer
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to Be University), Coimbatore, 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harysh Winster Sureshbabu
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhivya Venkatesan
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Arul Narayanaswamy
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University (A Central University), Aizawl, 796004, Mizoram, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India.
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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13
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Regnault R, Klupsch F, El-Bouazzati H, Magnez R, Le Biannic R, Leleu-Chavain N, Ahouari H, Vezin H, Millet R, Goossens JF, Thuru X, Bailly C. Novel PD-L1-Targeted Phenyl-Pyrazolone Derivatives with Antioxidant Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083491. [PMID: 37110727 PMCID: PMC10144346 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Orally-active anticancer small molecules targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint are actively searched. Phenyl-pyrazolone derivatives with a high affinity for PD-L1 have been designed and characterized. In addition, the phenyl-pyrazolone unit acts as a scavenger of oxygen free radicals, providing antioxidant effects. The mechanism is known for the drug edaravone (1) which is also an aldehyde-reactive molecule. The present study reports the synthesis and functional characterization of new molecules (2-5) with an improved anti-PD-L1 activity. The leading fluorinated molecule 5 emerges as a potent checkpoint inhibitor, avidly binding to PD-L1, inducing its dimerization, blocking PD-1/PD-L1 signaling mediated by phosphatase SHP-2 and reactivating the proliferation of CTLL-2 cells in the presence of PD-L1. In parallel, the compound maintains a significant antioxidant activity, characterized using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)-based free radical scavenging assays with the probes DPPH and DMPO. The aldehyde reactivity of the molecules was investigated using 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), which is a major lipid peroxidation product. The formation of drug-HNE adducts, monitored by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), was clearly identified and compared for each compound. The study leads to the selection of compound 5 and the dichlorophenyl-pyrazolone unit as a scaffold for the design of small molecule PD-L1 inhibitors endowed with antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Regnault
- ULR 7365-GRITA-Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, CHU Lille, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédérique Klupsch
- U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, ICPAL, Inserm, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Hassiba El-Bouazzati
- UMR9020-UMR1277-Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Inserm, CNRS, CHU Lille, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Romain Magnez
- UMR9020-UMR1277-Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Inserm, CNRS, CHU Lille, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Raphaël Le Biannic
- U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, ICPAL, Inserm, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Natascha Leleu-Chavain
- U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, ICPAL, Inserm, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Hania Ahouari
- LASIRE Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- FR 2638-IMEC-Institut Michel-Eugène Chevreul, University Lille, F-59655 Lille, France
| | - Hervé Vezin
- LASIRE Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Régis Millet
- U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, ICPAL, Inserm, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean-François Goossens
- ULR 7365-GRITA-Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, CHU Lille, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Xavier Thuru
- UMR9020-UMR1277-Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Inserm, CNRS, CHU Lille, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christian Bailly
- UMR9020-UMR1277-Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Inserm, CNRS, CHU Lille, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Oncowitan, Scientific Consulting Office, Wasquehal, F-59290 Lille, France
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14
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Sardelli G, Scali V, Signore G, Balestri F, Cappiello M, Mura U, Del Corso A, Moschini R. Response of a Human Lens Epithelial Cell Line to Hyperglycemic and Oxidative Stress: The Role of Aldose Reductase. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040829. [PMID: 37107204 PMCID: PMC10135174 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A common feature of different types of diabetes is the high blood glucose levels, which are known to induce a series of metabolic alterations, leading to damaging events in different tissues. Among these alterations, both increased polyol pathway flux and oxidative stress are considered to play relevant roles in the response of different cells. In this work, the effect on a human lens epithelial cell line of stress conditions, consisting of exposure to either high glucose levels or to the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, is reported. The occurrence of osmotic imbalance, alterations of glutathione levels, and expression of inflammatory markers was monitored. A common feature of the two stress conditions was the expression of COX-2, which, only in the case of hyperglycemic stress, occurred through NF-κB activation. In our cell model, aldose reductase activity, which is confirmed as the only activity responsible for the osmotic imbalance occurring in hyperglycemic conditions, seemed to have no role in controlling the onset of the inflammatory phenomena. However, it played a relevant role in cellular detoxification against lipid peroxidation products. These results, in confirming the multifactorial nature of the inflammatory phenomena, highlight the dual role of aldose reductase as having both damaging but also protecting activity, depending on stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Sardelli
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Viola Scali
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Signore
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Balestri
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Cappiello
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Umberto Mura
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Del Corso
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-2211450
| | - Roberta Moschini
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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15
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Harkin C, Cobice D, Watt J, Kurth MJ, Brockbank S, Bolton S, Johnston F, Strzelecka A, Lamont JV, Moore T, Fitzgerald P, Ruddock MW. Analysis of reactive aldehydes in urine and plasma of type-2 diabetes mellitus patients through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Reactive aldehydes as potential markers of diabetic nephropathy. Front Nutr 2023; 9:997015. [PMID: 36726822 PMCID: PMC9885194 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.997015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes is a major public health issue that is approaching epidemic proportions globally. Diabetes mortality is increasing in all ethnic groups, irrespective of socio-economic class. Obesity is often seen as the main contributor to an increasing prevalence of diabetes. Oxidative stress has been shown to trigger obesity by stimulating the deposition of white adipose tissue. In this study, we measured reactive aldehydes by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), in the urine and plasma of type-2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients, as potential surrogates of oxidative stress. Our hypothesis was that reactive aldehydes play a significant role in the pathophysiology of diabetes, and these reactive species, may present potential drug targets for patient treatment. Materials and methods Study participants [N = 86; control n = 26; T2DM n = 32, and diabetic nephropathy (DN) n = 28] were recruited between 2019 and 2020. Urine and blood samples were collected from all participants, including a detailed clinical history, to include patient behaviours, medications, and co-morbidities. Reactive aldehyde concentrations in urine and plasma were measured using pre-column derivatisation and LC-MS, for control, T2DM and DN patients. Results Reactive aldehydes were measured in the urine and plasma of control subjects and patients with T2DM and DN. In all cases, the reactive aldehydes under investigation; 4-HNE, 4-ONE, 4-HHE, pentanal, methylglyoxal, and glyoxal, were significantly elevated in the urine and serum of the patients with T2DM and DN, compared to controls (p < 0.001) (Kruskal-Wallis). Urine and serum reactive aldehydes were significantly correlated (≥0.7) (p < 0.001) (Spearman rho). The concentrations of the reactive aldehydes were significantly higher in plasma samples, when compared to urine, suggesting that plasma is the optimal matrix for screening T2DM and DN patients for oxidative stress. Conclusion Reactive aldehydes are elevated in the urine and plasma of T2DM and DN patients. Reactive aldehydes have been implicated in the pathobiology of T2DM. Therefore, if reactive aldehydes are surrogates of oxidative stress, these reactive aldehyde species could be therapeutic targets for potential drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Harkin
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Cobice
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Watt
- Clinical Studies Group, Randox Laboratories Ltd., Randox Science Park, Antrim, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Jo Kurth
- Clinical Studies Group, Randox Laboratories Ltd., Randox Science Park, Antrim, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Brockbank
- Clinical Studies Group, Randox Laboratories Ltd., Randox Science Park, Antrim, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Bolton
- Renal Unit, Antrim Area Hospital, Northern Health and Social Care Trust, Antrim, United Kingdom
| | - Frances Johnston
- Renal Unit, Antrim Area Hospital, Northern Health and Social Care Trust, Antrim, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Strzelecka
- Diabetic Services, Whiteabbey Hospital, Northern Health and Social Care Trust, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom
| | - John V. Lamont
- Clinical Studies Group, Randox Laboratories Ltd., Randox Science Park, Antrim, United Kingdom
| | - Tara Moore
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Fitzgerald
- Clinical Studies Group, Randox Laboratories Ltd., Randox Science Park, Antrim, United Kingdom
| | - Mark W. Ruddock
- Clinical Studies Group, Randox Laboratories Ltd., Randox Science Park, Antrim, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Mark W. Ruddock,
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16
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Jaganjac M, Zarkovic N. Lipid Peroxidation Linking Diabetes and Cancer: The Importance of 4-Hydroxynonenal. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:1222-1233. [PMID: 36242098 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: It is commonly believed that diabetes mellitus may be associated with cancer. Hence, diabetic patients are at higher risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer, but the mechanisms that may link these two severe diseases are not well understood. Recent Advances: A number of factors have been suggested to promote tumorigenesis in diabetic patients, including insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and elevated insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which may also promote pro-oxidants, and thereby alter redox homeostasis. The consequent oxidative stress associated with lipid peroxidation appears to be a possible pathogenic link between cancer and diabetes. Critical Issues: Having summarized the above aspects of diabetes and cancer pathology, we propose that the major bioactive product of oxidative degradation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the reactive aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), which is also considered a second messenger of free radicals, may be the key pathogenic factor linking diabetes and cancer. Future Directions: Because the bioactivities of 4-HNE are cell-type and concentration-dependent, are often associated with inflammation, and are involved in signaling processes that regulate antioxidant activities, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, we believe that further research in this direction could reveal options for better control of diabetes and cancer. Controlling the production of 4-HNE to avoid its cytotoxicity to normal but not cancer cells while preventing its diabetogenic activities could be an important aspect of modern integrative biomedicine. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 1222-1233.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morana Jaganjac
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neven Zarkovic
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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17
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Khan R, Shah MD, Shah L, Lee PC, Khan I. Bacterial polysaccharides-A big source for prebiotics and therapeutics. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1031935. [PMID: 36407542 PMCID: PMC9671505 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1031935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial polysaccharides are unique due to their higher purity, hydrophilic nature, and a finer three-dimensional fibrous structure. Primarily, these polymers provide protection, support, and energy to the microorganism, however, more recently several auxiliary properties of these biopolymers have been unmasked. Microbial polysaccharides have shown therapeutic abilities against various illnesses, augmented the healing abilities of the herbal and Western medicines, improved overall health of the host, and have exerted positive impact on the growth of gut dwelling beneficial bacteria. Specifically, the review is discussing the mechanism through which bacterial polysaccharides exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial properties. In addition, they are holding promising application in the 3D printing. The review is also discussing a perspective about the metagenome-based screening of polysaccharides, their integration with other cutting-edge tools, and synthetic microbiome base intervention of polysaccharides as a strategy for prebiotic intervention. This review has collected interesting information about the bacterial polysaccharides from Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Up to our knowledge, this is the first of its kind review article that is summarizing therapeutic, prebiotics, and commercial application of bacterial polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raees Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Dawood Shah
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Luqman Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Ping-Chin Lee
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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18
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Detrimental Effects of Lipid Peroxidation in Type 2 Diabetes: Exploring the Neutralizing Influence of Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102071. [PMID: 36290794 PMCID: PMC9598619 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation, including its prominent byproducts such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), has long been linked with worsened metabolic health in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In fact, patients with T2D already display increased levels of lipids in circulation, including low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides, which are easily attacked by reactive oxygen molecules to give rise to lipid peroxidation. This process severely depletes intracellular antioxidants to cause excess generation of oxidative stress. This consequence mainly drives poor glycemic control and metabolic complications that are implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease. The current review explores the pathological relevance of elevated lipid peroxidation products in T2D, especially highlighting their potential role as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in disease severity. In addition, we briefly explain the implication of some prominent antioxidant enzymes/factors involved in the blockade of lipid peroxidation, including termination reactions that involve the effect of antioxidants, such as catalase, coenzyme Q10, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as vitamins C and E.
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19
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Feehan J, Hariharan R, Buckenham T, Handley C, Bhatnagar A, Baba SP, de Courten B. Carnosine as a potential therapeutic for the management of peripheral vascular disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2289-2296. [PMID: 35973888 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the potential role of carnosine in the management of peripheral vascular disease. DATA SYNTHESIS Peripheral vascular disease is growing in its burden and impact; however it is currently under researched, and there are a lack of strong, non-invasive therapeutic options for the clinicians. Carnosine is a dipeptide stored particularly in muscle and brain tissue, which exhibits a wide range of physiological activities, which may be beneficial as an adjunct treatment for peripheral vascular disease. Carnosine's strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiglycating actions may aid in the prevention of plaque formation, through protective actions on the vascular endothelium, and the inhibition of foam cells. Carnosine may also improve angiogenesis, exercise performance and vasodilatory response, while protecting from ischemic tissue injury. CONCLUSIONS Carnosine may have a role as an adjunct treatment for peripheral vascular disease alongside typical exercise and surgical interventions, and may be used in high risk individuals to aid in the prevention of atherogenesis. CLINICAL RECOMMENDATION This review identifies a beneficial role for carnosine supplementation in the management of patients with peripheral vascular disease, in conjunction with exercise and revascularization. Carnosine as a supplement is safe, and associated with a host of beneficial effects in peripheral vascular disease and its key risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Feehan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, VIC, Australia
| | - Rohit Hariharan
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy Buckenham
- Christchurch Clinical School of Medicine University of Otago and Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Charles Handley
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton VIC, Australia
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Environment Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Shahid Pervez Baba
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Environment Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton VIC, Australia; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT, Bundoora.
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20
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Olasz B, Fiser B, Szőri M, Viskolcz B, Owen MC. Computational Elucidation of the Solvent-Dependent Addition of 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) to Cysteine and Cysteinate Residues. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12909-12920. [PMID: 36148484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The lipid peroxidation end product, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), is a secondary mediator of oxidative stress due to its strong ability to form adducts to the side chains of lysine, histidine, and cysteine residues (Cys) at increasing reactivities. This reaction can take place in various cellular environments and may be dependent on solvent. Moreover, approximately 10% of cysteine residues within the cells exist as the negatively charged cysteinate, which may also have a distinct reactivity toward HNE. In this study, quantum chemical calculations are used to investigate the reactivity of HNE toward Cys and cysteinate in three distinct solvent environments to mimic the aqueous, polar, and hydrophobic regions within the cell. Water enhances the reactivity of HNE to cysteine compared to that of the polar and hydrophobic solvents, and the reactivity of HNE is further augmented when Cys is first ionized to cysteinate. This is also confirmed by the transition state rate constant calculations. This study reveals the role of solvent polarity in these reactions and how cysteinate can account for the seemingly high reactivity of HNE toward Cys compared to other amino acid residues and demonstrates how a strong nucleophile can enhance the reactivity of an antioxidant analogue of the Cys residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Olasz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Béla Fiser
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary.,Higher Education and Industrial Cooperation Centre, University of Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary.,Ferenc Rákóczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian College of Higher Education, UA-90200 Beregszász, Transcarpathia, Ukraine
| | - Milán Szőri
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Béla Viskolcz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary.,Higher Education and Industrial Cooperation Centre, University of Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Michael C Owen
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary.,Higher Education and Industrial Cooperation Centre, University of Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary
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21
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Soldo AM, Soldo I, Karačić A, Konjevod M, Perkovic MN, Glavan TM, Luksic M, Žarković N, Jaganjac M. Lipid Peroxidation in Obesity: Can Bariatric Surgery Help? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081537. [PMID: 36009256 PMCID: PMC9405425 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and chronic oxidative stress, often being associated with each other in a vicious circle, are important factors of chronic diseases. Although it was usually considered to accompany aging and wealth, global trends show the increase in obesity among children even in Third World countries. Being manifested by an imbalance between energy consumption and food intake, obesity is characterized by an excessive or abnormal fat accumulation, impaired redox homeostasis and metabolic changes often associated with the self-catalyzed lipid peroxidation generating 4-hydroxynonenal, pluripotent bioactive peroxidation product of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Conservative methods targeting obesity produced only modest and transient results in the treatment of morbid obesity. Therefore, in recent years, surgery, primarily bariatric, became an attractive treatment for morbid obesity. Since adipose tissue is well known as a stress organ with pronounced endocrine functions, surgery results in redox balance and metabolic improvement of the entire organism. The source of bioactive lipids and lipid-soluble antioxidants, and the complex pathophysiology of lipid peroxidation should thus be considered from the aspects of personalized and integrative biomedicine to treat obesity in an appropriate way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Soldo
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital “Dr. Ivo Pedisic”, 44000 Sisak, Croatia
| | - Ivo Soldo
- Surgery Clinic, University Hospital Sveti Duh, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrija Karačić
- Surgery Clinic, University Hospital Sveti Duh, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marcela Konjevod
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Martina Luksic
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital Sveti Duh, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neven Žarković
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: (N.Ž.); (M.J.)
| | - Morana Jaganjac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: (N.Ž.); (M.J.)
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22
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Amah CC, Joshua PE, Ekpo DE, Okoro JI, Asomadu RO, Obelenwa UC, Odiba AS. Ethyl acetate fraction of Fagara zanthoxyloides root-bark possess antidiabetic property against alloxan-induced diabetes and its complications in Wistar rat model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115259. [PMID: 35381308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fagara zanthoxyloides Lam., an African traditional medicinal plant, is used for treatment of malaria and diabetes. AIM To investigate the antidiabetic property of ethyl acetate fraction of F. zanthoxyloides root-bark (EAFFZRB) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extraction, isolation, preliminary phytochemical analysis, and acute toxicity study of ethanol extract and fractions of F. zanthoxyloides root-bark were achieved using standard methods. Phyto-constituents in EAFFZRB were identified using HPLC technique. Forty-eight male Wistar rats (140-185 g) were randomized into 6 groups (n = 8). Groups 1 and 2 served as normal and negative controls, respectively. Diabetes was induced in test groups (2-6) using 150 mg/kg body weight (b.w) Alloxan monohydrate. Rats in groups 4-6 received of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg b.w. EAFFZRB orally, respectively, for 21 days. Group 3 rats received 5 mg/kg b.w Glibenclamide. The effect of EAFFZRB on alterations in hematological, biochemical, and histological indices of study rats were assessed. RESULTS Extraction of 3500 g ethanol extract yielded 15.71 g EAFFZRB. HPLC fingerprint of EAFFZRB indicated presence of luteolin, rutin, quercetin, apigenin, cinnamic acid and catechin. Diabetes triggered significant (p < 0.05) alterations in b.w., hematological, biochemical and histological indices of test rats relative to normal control. Treatment with EAFFZRB (LD50 = 3807.9 mg/kg b.w.) resulted in remarkable improvements in altered b.w. changes, hematological, biochemical and histological parameters of diabetic rats. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated the antidiabetic potential of EAFFZRB, providing scientific basis for traditional use of the plant in treatment of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Chijioke Amah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, 410001, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
| | - Parker Elijah Joshua
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, 410001, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
| | - Daniel Emmanuel Ekpo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, 410001, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
| | - Jacob Ikechukwu Okoro
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, 410001, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
| | - Rita Onyekachukwu Asomadu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, 410001, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
| | - Ursula Chidimma Obelenwa
- Department of Microbiology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
| | - Arome Solomon Odiba
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, 410001, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Centre for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, People's Republic of China.
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Kalkman HO. Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136953. [PMID: 35805959 PMCID: PMC9266565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Low levels of n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and high levels of n-6 PUFAs in the blood circulation are associated with an increased risk for suicide. Clinical studies indicate that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, a n-3 PUFA found in fish-oil) displays protective effects against suicide. It has recently been proposed that the activation of the transcription factor NRF2 might be the pharmacological activity that is common to current anti-suicidal medications. Oxidation products from fish oil, including those from DHA, are electrophiles that reversibly bind to a protein ‘KEAP1’, which acts as the molecular inhibitor of NRF2 and so indirectly promotes NRF2-transcriptional activity. In the majority of publications, the NRF2-stimulant effect of DHA is ascribed to the metabolite 4-hydroxyhexenal (4HHE). It is suggested to investigate whether 4HHE will display a therapeutically useful anti-suicidal efficacy.
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Kumari VBC, Huligere SS, Ramu R, Naik Bajpe S, Sreenivasa MY, Silina E, Stupin V, Achar RR. Evaluation of Probiotic and Antidiabetic Attributes of Lactobacillus Strains Isolated From Fermented Beetroot. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:911243. [PMID: 35774469 PMCID: PMC9237538 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.911243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermented foods are sources of functionally salient microbes. These microbes when ingested can regulate biomolecule metabolism which has a plethora of health benefits. Lactic acid bacteria species (LABs) isolated from fermented beetroot were biochemically characterized and validated using 16s rRNA sequence. Also, an in vitro assay was conducted to confirm the probiotic activity of the isolates. The cell-free supernatant (CS), cell-free extract (CE), and intact cell (IC) were evaluated for α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition. The six isolates RAMULAB01–06 were categorized to be Lactobacillus spp. by observing phenotypic and biochemical characters. Molecular validation using 16S rDNA sequencing, followed by homology search in NCBI database, suggested that the isolates are >95% similar to L. paracasei and L. casei. Also, isolates exhibited probiotic potential with a high survival rate (>96%) in the gastrointestinal condition, and adherence capability (>53%), colonization (>86%), antibacterial, and antibiotic activity. The safety assessments expressed that the isolates are safe. The α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition by CS, CE, and IC ranged from 3.97 ± 1.42% to 53.91 ± 3.11% and 5.1 ± 0.08% to 57.15 ± 0.56%, respectively. Hence, these species have exceptional antidiabetic potential which could be explicated to its use as a functional food and health-related food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. B. Chandana Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Sujay S. Huligere
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
- *Correspondence: Ramith Ramu ; orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-5815
| | - Shrisha Naik Bajpe
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College (Autonomous), Ujire, India
| | - M. Y. Sreenivasa
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Ekaterina Silina
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Biodesign and Modeling of Complex Systems, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Stupin
- Department of Hospital Surgery 1, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | - Raghu Ram Achar
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
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Kumari V. B. C, Huligere SS, Shbeer AM, Ageel M, M. K. J, S. JC, Ramu R. Probiotic Potential Lacticaseibacillus casei and Limosilactobacillus fermentum Strains Isolated from Dosa Batter Inhibit α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Enzymes. Microorganisms 2022; 10:1195. [PMID: 35744713 PMCID: PMC9228708 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented food plays a major role in gastrointestinal health, as well as possesses other health benefits, such as beneficiary effects in the management of diabetes. Probiotics are thought to be viable sources for enhancing the microbiome of the human gut. In the present study, using biochemical, physiological, and molecular approaches, the isolated Lactobacillus spp. from dosa batter were identified. The cell-free supernatant (CS), cell-free extract (CE), and intact cells (IC) were evaluated for their inhibitory potential against the carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Then, 16S rDNA amplification and sequencing were used to identify the species. A homology search in NCBI database was performed that suggests the isolates are >95% similar to Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Lacticaseibacillus casei. Different standard parameters were used to evaluate the probiotic potential of strains RAMULAB07, RAMULAB08, RAMULAB09, RAMULAB10, RAMULAB11, and RAMULAB12. The strains expressed a significant tolerance to the gastric and intestinal juices with a higher survival rate (>98%). A high adhesion capability was observed by the isolates exhibited through hydrophobicity (>65%), aggregation assays (>75%), and adherence assay on HT-29 cells (>82%) and buccal epithelial cells. In addition, the isolates expressed antibacterial and antibiotic properties. Safety assessments (DNase and hemolytic assay) revealed that the isolates could be classified as safe. α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition of the isolates for CS, CE, and IC ranged from 7.50% to 65.01% and 20.21% to 56.91%, respectively. The results suggest that these species have exceptional antidiabetic potential, which may be explained by their use as foods that can have health-enhancing effects beyond basic nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Kumari V. B.
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; (C.K.V.B.); (S.S.H.)
| | - Sujay S. Huligere
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; (C.K.V.B.); (S.S.H.)
| | - Abdullah M. Shbeer
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Ageel
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Jayanthi M. K.
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India;
| | - Jagadeep Chandra S.
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India;
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; (C.K.V.B.); (S.S.H.)
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Weng X, Chen J, Fei Q, Guo X, Liu S, Wen L, Liang H, Guo C, Nie L, Jing C. The association of aldehydes exposure with diabetes mellitus in US population: NHANES 2013-2014. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133019. [PMID: 34813847 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of mixed aldehydes exposure with diabetes remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore associations between serum aldehydes concentration and diabetes. METHODS We analyzed associations between aldehydes and diabetes using data from 1795 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2014 by multiple logistic regression models. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to evaluate the combined association of serum aldehydes on prediabetes and diabetes. RESULTS Isopentanaldehyde increased the risk of diabetes 2.09 fold (95%CI:1.05-4.16) in the highest tertile, compared to the lowest-tertile concentration after adjusting for covariates, with a p-value for trend (P-t) equal to 0.041, in females. The adjusted OR of prediabetes with a 95% CI for the highest tertile was 0.52(0.28, 0.97) for benzaldehyde in females (P-t = 0.034). We also found associations in the male group between butyraldehyde and diabetes for the second (OR:2.80, 95%CI:1.35-5.79) and third (OR:2.59, 95%CI:1.30-5.17) tertile levels (P-t = 0.010). The risk of diabetes increased 2.55 fold (95%CI: 1.26-5.16, P-t = 0.008), in subjects in the highest tertile of hexanaldehyde concentration. Other aldehydes did not show a statistically significant association with diabetes or prediabetes. The BKMR model showed a positive association of mixed aldehydes with diabetes in males, and butyraldehyde showed a significant positive trend with the highest posterior inclusion probability (PIP = 0.85). Mixed aldehydes increased female's risk from prediabetes to diabetes in which isopentanaldehyde had the highest posterior inclusion probability (PIP = 0.67). CONCLUSIONS The mixed aldehydes might increase the risk of suffering from diabetes in males and accelerate the progression of diabetes in females, in which butyraldehyde and isopentanaldehyde play the most important roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiong Weng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingmin Chen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaoyuan Fei
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinrong Guo
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Wen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanzhu Liang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Congcong Guo
- Jiaojiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lihong Nie
- Department of Endocrine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxia Jing
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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27
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Matthews JJ, Dolan E, Swinton PA, Santos L, Artioli GG, Turner MD, Elliott-Sale KJ, Sale C. Effect of Carnosine or β-Alanine Supplementation on Markers of Glycemic Control and Insulin Resistance in Humans and Animals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:2216-2231. [PMID: 34333586 PMCID: PMC8634390 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that supplementation with carnosine, or its rate-limiting precursor β-alanine, can ameliorate aspects of metabolic dysregulation that occur in diabetes and its related conditions. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycemic control and insulin resistance in humans and animals. We performed a systematic search of 6 electronic databases up to 31 December 2020. Primary outcomes were changes in 1) fasting glucose, 2) glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and 3) 2-h glucose following a glucose-tolerance test. A set of additional outcomes included fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). We assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) 2.0 (human studies) and the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) RoB (animal studies) tools; and used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to assess certainty. We used Bayesian hierarchical random-effects models, with informative priors for human data and noninformative priors for animal data. Inferences were made on posterior samples generated by Hamiltonian Markov Chain Monte Carlo using 90% credible intervals (90% CrI) and calculated probabilities. Twenty studies (n = 4 human, n = 16 rodent) were included, providing data for 2 primary outcomes (fasting glucose and HbA1c) and 3 additional outcomes (fasting insulin, HOMA-β, and HOMA-IR). The model provides evidence that supplementation decreases fasting glucose [humans: mean difference (MD)0.5 = -0.95 mmol · L-1 (90% CrI: -2.1, 0.08); rodent: MD0.5 = -2.26 mmol · L-1 (90% CrI: -4.03, -0.44)], HbA1c [humans: MD0.5 = -0.91% (90% CrI: -1.46, -0.39); rodents: MD0.5 = -1.05% (90% CrI: -1.64, -0.52)], HOMA-IR [humans: standardized mean difference (SMD)0.5 = -0.41 (90% CrI: -0.82, -0.07); rodents: SMD0.5 = -0.63 (90% CrI: -1.98, 0.65)], and fasting insulin [humans: SMD0.5 = -0.41 (90% CrI: -0.77, -0.07)]. GRADE assessment showed our certainty in the effect estimate of each outcome to be moderate (human outcomes) or very low (rodent outcomes). Supplementation with carnosine or β-alanine may reduce fasting glucose, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR in humans and rodents, and fasting insulin in humans; both compounds show potential as therapeutics to improve glycemic control and insulin resistance. This review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42020191588.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Matthews
- Sport, Health, and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Research Centre for Life and Sport Sciences (CLaSS), School of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Sport and Exercise, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eimear Dolan
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paul A Swinton
- School of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Lívia Santos
- Sport, Health, and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Guilherme G Artioli
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mark D Turner
- Centre for Diabetes, Chronic Diseases, and Ageing, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty J Elliott-Sale
- Sport, Health, and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Sale
- Sport, Health, and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Kostopoulou E, Kalaitzopoulou E, Papadea P, Skipitari M, Rojas Gil AP, Spiliotis BE, Georgiou CD. Oxidized lipid-associated protein damage in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: New diagnostic/prognostic clinical markers. Pediatr Diabetes 2021; 22:1135-1142. [PMID: 34633133 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), a chronic metabolic disorder of autoimmune origin, has been associated with oxidative stress (OS), which plays a central role in the onset, progression, and long-term complications of DM1. The markers of OS lipid peroxidation products, lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), and also malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) that oxidatively modify proteins (Pr) (i.e., PrMDA and PrTBARS, respectively), have been associated with DM2, DM1, diabetic neuropathy, and microalbuminuria. OBJECTIVE/SUBJECTS Here, we investigated LOOH, PrMDA and PrTBARS in 50 children and adolescents with DM1 and 21 controls. RESULTS The novel OS marker PrTBARS was assessed for the first time in children and adolescents with DM1. LOOH and the pair PrMDA/PrTBARS, representing early and late peroxidation stages, respectively, are found to be significantly higher (130%, 50/90%, respectively, at p < 0.001) in patients with DM1 compared to controls. The studied OS parameters did not differ with age, age at diagnosis, sex, duration of DM1, presence of recent ketosis/ketoacidosis, or mode of treatment. CONCLUSIONS We propose that LOOH, PrMDA and the new marker PrTBARS could serve as potential diagnostic clinical markers for identifying OS in children and adolescents with DM1, and may, perhaps, hold promise as a prognostic tool for future complications associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Kostopoulou
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Patras School of Medicine, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Paola Rojas Gil
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
| | - Bessie E Spiliotis
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Patras School of Medicine, Patras, Greece
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The TRPA1 Channel Amplifies the Oxidative Stress Signal in Melanoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113131. [PMID: 34831352 PMCID: PMC8624842 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages (MΦs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in carcinogenesis. The oxidative stress sensor, transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), activated by ROS, appears to contribute to lung and breast cancer progression. Although TRPA1 expression has been reported in melanoma cell lines, and oxidative stress has been associated with melanocytic transformation, their role in melanoma remains poorly known. Here, we localized MΦs, the final end-product of oxidative stress, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and TRPA1 in tissue samples of human common dermal melanocytic nevi, dysplastic nevi, and thin (pT1) and thick (pT4) cutaneous melanomas. The number (amount) of intratumoral and peritumoral M2 MΦs and 4-HNE staining progressively increased with tumor severity, while TRPA1 expression was similar in all samples. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) evoked a TRPA1-dependent calcium response in two distinct melanoma cell lines (SK-MEL-28 and WM266-4). Furthermore, H2O2 induced a TRPA1-dependent H2O2 release that was prevented by the TRPA1 antagonist, A967079, or Trpa1 gene silencing (siRNA). ROS release from infiltrating M2 MΦs may target TRPA1-expressing melanoma cells to amplify the oxidative stress signal that affects tumor cell survival and proliferation.
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Alam S, Raghav A, Reyaz A, Ahsan A, Ahirwar AK, Jain V, Agarwal S, Tripathi P. Prevalence of elevated liver enzymes and its relationship with type 2 diabetes mellitus in North Indian adults. Metabol Open 2021; 12:100130. [PMID: 34622192 PMCID: PMC8479470 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) also referred as metabolic as metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cause in progression of NAFLD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The aim of the present study is to assess the activity of liver enzymes in T2DM in North Indian population. Method This was a cross-sectional descriptive study clinic-based study in patients with T2DM. A total of 612 participants (226 healthy controls and 386 T2DM) were recruited. Body mass index (BMI), activity of liver enzymes including alanine and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT, AST) along with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was measured. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) along with total protein (TP) and albumin were also measured. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean ± SD, while qualitative variables as frequencies (%). Pearson/Spearman correlation test, unpaired t-test, Chi-squared test was used to assess the correlation, association and significant differences between study groups respectively. A P-value of < .05 was set as statistically significant. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) ® Statistics, version 23 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY) was used to for analysis of data. Results The study was conducted on 386 T2DM patients, and out of 386 patients, 139 (36.01%) were male (P < .000) and 247 (63.98%) were female. The mean age of the T2DM patients was 46.4 ± 13.6 years, while healthy individuals have mean age of 39.2 ± 12.0 years (P < .000). It was observed that the activity of AST in T2DM is comparable with the healthy persons (P = .060). While the level of ALT, total bilirubin and ALP in T2DM is significantly higher compared to healthy control (P < .000). On average, 62.53% of T2DM subjects and 32% of participants of healthy subjects had abnormal liver enzymes activity. Conclusion The present study has revealed widely co-existent derangements in liver function tests (LFTs) in the diabetic population of North India. A detailed workup in such patients may be helpful in timely diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, early detection and management of abnormal liver parameters in T2DM would help minimize liver-related morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Alok Raghav
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India
| | - Alisha Reyaz
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Akif Ahsan
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Ahirwar
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Vineet Jain
- Department of Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Saurabh Agarwal
- KPS Institute of Medicine, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India
| | - Prashant Tripathi
- Department of Biochemistry, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India
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Chen SM, Hee SW, Chou SY, Liu MW, Chen CH, Mochly-Rosen D, Chang TJ, Chuang LM. Activation of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Ameliorates Glucolipotoxicity of Pancreatic Beta Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101474. [PMID: 34680107 PMCID: PMC8533366 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia hamper beta cell function, leading to glucolipotoxicity. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) detoxifies reactive aldehydes, such as methylglyoxal (MG) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), derived from glucose and lipids, respectively. We aimed to investigate whether ALDH2 activators ameliorated beta cell dysfunction and apoptosis induced by glucolipotoxicity, and its potential mechanisms of action. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in MIN6 cells and insulin secretion from isolated islets in perifusion experiments were measured. The intracellular ATP concentrations and oxygen consumption rates of MIN6 cells were assessed. Furthermore, the cell viability, apoptosis, and mitochondrial and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined. Additionally, the pro-apoptotic, apoptotic, and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways were investigated. We found that Alda-1 enhanced GSIS by improving the mitochondrial function of pancreatic beta cells. Alda-1 rescued MIN6 cells from MG- and 4-HNE-induced beta cell death, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ROS production. However, the above effects of Alda-1 were abolished in Aldh2 knockdown MIN6 cells. In conclusion, we reported that the activator of ALDH2 not only enhanced GSIS, but also ameliorated the glucolipotoxicity of beta cells by reducing both the mitochondrial and intracellular ROS levels, thereby improving mitochondrial function, restoring beta cell function, and protecting beta cells from apoptosis and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiau-Mei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
| | - Siow-Wey Hee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
| | - Shih-Yun Chou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
| | - Meng-Wei Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
| | - Che-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (C.-H.C.); (D.M.-R.)
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (C.-H.C.); (D.M.-R.)
| | - Tien-Jyun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-23123456 (ext. 66217)
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (S.-W.H.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.-W.L.); (L.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Hellenthal KEM, Brabenec L, Gross ER, Wagner NM. TRP Channels as Sensors of Aldehyde and Oxidative Stress. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101401. [PMID: 34680034 PMCID: PMC8533644 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel superfamily comprises more than 50 channels that play crucial roles in physiological processes. TRP channels are responsive to several exogenous and endogenous biomolecules, with aldehydes emerging as a TRP channel trigger contributing to a cellular cascade that can lead to disease pathophysiology. The body is not only exposed to exogenous aldehydes via tobacco products or alcoholic beverages, but also to endogenous aldehydes triggered by lipid peroxidation. In response to lipid peroxidation from inflammation or organ injury, polyunsaturated fatty acids undergo lipid peroxidation to aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal. Reactive aldehydes activate TRP channels via aldehyde-induced protein adducts, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory mediators driving the pathophysiology caused by cellular injury, including inflammatory pain and organ reperfusion injury. Recent studies have outlined how aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 protects against aldehyde toxicity through the clearance of toxic aldehydes, indicating that targeting the endogenous aldehyde metabolism may represent a novel treatment strategy. An addition approach can involve targeting specific TRP channel regions to limit the triggering of a cellular cascade induced by aldehydes. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of aldehydes, TRP channels, and their interactions, as well as their role in pathological conditions and the different therapeutical treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina E. M. Hellenthal
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (K.E.M.H.); (L.B.)
| | - Laura Brabenec
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (K.E.M.H.); (L.B.)
| | - Eric R. Gross
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Nana-Maria Wagner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (K.E.M.H.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-251-83-46837
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Al-Menhali AS, Anderson C, Gourine AV, Abramov AY, D'Souza A, Jaganjac M. Proteomic Analysis of Cardiac Adaptation to Exercise by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:723858. [PMID: 34540898 PMCID: PMC8440823 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.723858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise has many health benefits, among which is a significant reduction of cardiovascular risk. Although many beneficial effects of exercise are well described, the exact mechanisms by which exercise confers cardiovascular benefits are yet to be fully understood. In the current study, we have used high resolution mass spectrometry to determine the proteomic responses of the heart to exercise training in mice. The impact of exercise-induced oxidative stress on modifications of cardiomyocyte proteins with lipid peroxidation biomarker 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) was examined as well. Fourteen male mice were randomized into the control (sedentary) group and the exercise group that was subjected to a swim exercise training program for 5 days a week for 5 months. Proteins were isolated from the left ventricular tissue, fractionated and digested for shotgun proteomics. Peptides were separated by nanoliquid chromatography and analyzed on an Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometer using high-energy collision–induced dissociation and electron transfer dissociation fragmentation. We identified distinct ventricular protein signatures established in response to exercise training. Comparative proteomics identified 23 proteins that were upregulated and 37 proteins that were downregulated with exercise, in addition to 65 proteins that were identified only in ventricular tissue samples of exercised mice. Most of the proteins specific to exercised mice are involved in respiratory electron transport and/or implicated in glutathione conjugation. Additionally, 10 proteins were found to be modified with 4-HNE. This study provides new data on the effects of exercise on the cardiac proteome and contributes to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Saleh Al-Menhali
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Qatar Analytics and BioResearch Lab, Anti Doping Lab Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Cali Anderson
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander V Gourine
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrey Y Abramov
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alicia D'Souza
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Morana Jaganjac
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Frantsiyants E, Neskubina I, Shikhlyarova A, Cheryarina N, Kaplieva I, Bandovkina V, Trepitaki L, Nemashkalova L, Lysenko I, Kachesova P, Sheiko E, Morozova M, Kotieva I. The effect of diabetes mellitus under tumor growth on respiratory function and free radical processes in heart cell mitochondria in rats. CARDIOMETRY 2021. [DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2021.18.5055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim is to study the effect of comorbid pathology, namely, diabetes mellitus, on free radical oxidation in the mitochondria in the heart cells in female rats with experimental Guerin carcinoma.
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35
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Tsai KL, Chang CC, Chang YS, Lu YY, Tsai IJ, Chen JH, Lin SH, Tai CC, Lin YF, Chang HW, Lin CY, Su ECY. Isotypes of autoantibodies against novel differential 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-modified peptide adducts in serum is associated with rheumatoid arthritis in Taiwanese women. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2021; 21:49. [PMID: 33568149 PMCID: PMC7874460 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-020-01380-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder with systemic inflammation and may be induced by oxidative stress that affects an inflamed joint. Our objectives were to examine isotypes of autoantibodies against 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) modifications in RA and associate them with increased levels of autoantibodies in RA patients. Methods Serum samples from 155 female patients [60 with RA, 35 with osteoarthritis (OA), and 60 healthy controls (HCs)] were obtained. Four novel differential HNE-modified peptide adducts, complement factor H (CFAH)1211–1230, haptoglobin (HPT)78–108, immunoglobulin (Ig) kappa chain C region (IGKC)2–19, and prothrombin (THRB)328–345, were re-analyzed using tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) spectra (ProteomeXchange: PXD004546) from RA patients vs. HCs. Further, we determined serum protein levels of CFAH, HPT, IGKC and THRB, HNE-protein adducts, and autoantibodies against unmodified and HNE-modified peptides. Significant correlations and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. Results Levels of HPT in RA patients were greatly higher than the levels in HCs. Levels of HNE-protein adducts and autoantibodies in RA patients were significantly greater than those of HCs. IgM anti-HPT78−108 HNE, IgM anti-IGKC2−19, and IgM anti-IGKC2−19 HNE may be considered as diagnostic biomarkers for RA. Importantly, elevated levels of IgM anti-HPT78−108 HNE, IgM anti-IGKC2−19, and IgG anti-THRB328−345 were positively correlated with the disease activity score in 28 joints for C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP). Further, the ORs of RA development through IgM anti-HPT78−108 HNE (OR 5.235, p < 0.001), IgM anti-IGKC2−19 (OR 12.655, p < 0.001), and IgG anti-THRB328−345 (OR 5.761, p < 0.001) showed an increased risk. Lastly, we incorporated three machine learning models to differentiate RA from HC and OA, and performed feature selection to determine discriminative features. Experimental results showed that our proposed method achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.92, which demonstrated that our selected autoantibodies combined with machine learning can efficiently detect RA.
Conclusions This study discovered that some IgG- and IgM-NAAs and anti-HNE M-NAAs may be correlated with inflammation and disease activity in RA. Moreover, our findings suggested that IgM anti-HPT78−108 HNE, IgM anti-IGKC2−19, and IgG anti-THRB328−345 may play heavy roles in RA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Leun Tsai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Chang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ying Lu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - I-Jung Tsai
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Hua Chen
- Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Research Center of Biostatistics, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hong Lin
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chun Tai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,PhD Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,PhD Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Ilan, 26047, Taiwan.
| | - Emily Chia-Yu Su
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Clinical Big Data Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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Dham D, Roy B, Gowda A, Pan G, Sridhar A, Zeng X, Thandavarayan RA, Palaniyandi SS. 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal, a lipid peroxidation product, as a biomarker in diabetes and its complications: challenges and opportunities. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:547-561. [PMID: 33336611 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1866756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Over 30 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes and this number is only expected to increase. There are various causes that induce complications with diabetes, including oxidative stress. In oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation-derived reactive carbonyl species such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) is shown to cause damage in organs that leads to diabetic complications. We provided evidence to show that 4-HNE or/and 4-HNE-protein adducts are elevated in various organ systems of diabetic patients and animal models. We then discussed the advantages and disadvantages of different methodologies used for the detection of 4-HNE in diabetic tissues. We also discussed how novel approaches such as electrochemistry and nanotechnology can be used for monitoring 4-HNE levels in biological systems in real-time. Thus, this review enlightens the involvement of 4-HNE in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications and efficient methods to identify it. Furthermore, the article presents that 4-HNE can be developed as a biomarker for end-organ damage in diabetes such as diabetic cardiac complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deiva Dham
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Bipradas Roy
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Amita Gowda
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Guodong Pan
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Arun Sridhar
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Xiangqun Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Rajarajan A Thandavarayan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Suresh Selvaraj Palaniyandi
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Ethanol extract of Tephrosia bracteolata leaves and its fractions ameliorates alloxan-induced diabetes and its associated complications in Wistar rat model. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-020-00900-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Jaganjac M, Milkovic L, Sunjic SB, Zarkovic N. The NRF2, Thioredoxin, and Glutathione System in Tumorigenesis and Anticancer Therapies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1151. [PMID: 33228209 PMCID: PMC7699519 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains an elusive, highly complex disease and a global burden. Constant change by acquired mutations and metabolic reprogramming contribute to the high inter- and intratumor heterogeneity of malignant cells, their selective growth advantage, and their resistance to anticancer therapies. In the modern era of integrative biomedicine, realizing that a personalized approach could benefit therapy treatments and patients' prognosis, we should focus on cancer-driving advantageous modifications. Namely, reactive oxygen species (ROS), known to act as regulators of cellular metabolism and growth, exhibit both negative and positive activities, as do antioxidants with potential anticancer effects. Such complexity of oxidative homeostasis is sometimes overseen in the case of studies evaluating the effects of potential anticancer antioxidants. While cancer cells often produce more ROS due to their increased growth-favoring demands, numerous conventional anticancer therapies exploit this feature to ensure selective cancer cell death triggered by excessive ROS levels, also causing serious side effects. The activation of the cellular NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2) pathway and induction of cytoprotective genes accompanies an increase in ROS levels. A plethora of specific targets, including those involved in thioredoxin (TRX) and glutathione (GSH) systems, are activated by NRF2. In this paper, we briefly review preclinical research findings on the interrelated roles of the NRF2 pathway and TRX and GSH systems, with focus given to clinical findings and their relevance in carcinogenesis and anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Neven Zarkovic
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.J.); (L.M.); (S.B.S.)
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Salivary Redox Biomarkers in the Course of Caries and Periodontal Disease. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10186240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Caries are a pathological process of extracorporeal nature, characterized by demineralization of inorganic substances as well as proteolysis triggered by acids produced by bacteria present in dental plaque, as a result of metabolism of sugars of both external and internal origin. Periodontal disease, on the other hand, is a multifactorial degenerative disease associated with inflammation, involving a group of tissues that surround the dental cervix and root of the tooth. It is believed that one of the mechanisms in the etiopathogenesis of caries and periodontitis are disorders of local and/or general oxidative stress (OS) parameters. Numerous clinical studies have confirmed the relationship between oxidative stress markers and oral diseases. In most analyzed studies, technical and biological variability was so high that none of the markers so far has proven suitable for routine clinical use. The aim of systematic reviews of the literature is to present the existing studies on OS parameters, mainly concerning the activity of antioxidant enzymes in saliva of patients with caries and periodontitis.
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Jaganjac M, Milkovic L, Gegotek A, Cindric M, Zarkovic K, Skrzydlewska E, Zarkovic N. The relevance of pathophysiological alterations in redox signaling of 4-hydroxynonenal for pharmacological therapies of major stress-associated diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 157:128-153. [PMID: 31756524 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Modern analytical methods combined with the modern concepts of redox signaling revealed 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) as particular growth regulating factor involved in redox signaling under physiological and pathophysiological circumstances. In this review current knowledge of the relevance of 4-HNE as "the second messenger of reactive oxygen species" (ROS) in redox signaling of representative major stress-associated diseases is briefly summarized. The findings presented allow for 4-HNE to be considered not only as second messenger of ROS, but also as one of fundamental factors of the stress- and age-associated diseases. While standard, even modern concepts of molecular medicine and respective therapies in majority of these diseases target mostly the disease-specific symptoms. 4-HNE, especially its protein adducts, might appear to be the bioactive markers that would allow better monitoring of specific pathophysiological processes reflecting their complexity. Eventually that could help development of advanced integrative medicine approach for patients and the diseases they suffer from on the personalized basis implementing biomedical remedies that would optimize beneficial effects of ROS and 4-HNE to prevent the onset and progression of the illness, perhaps even providing the real cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morana Jaganjac
- Qatar Analytics & BioResearch Lab, Anti Doping Lab Qatar, Sport City Street, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lidija Milkovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Div. of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Agnieszka Gegotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marina Cindric
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Div. of Pathology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kamelija Zarkovic
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Div. of Pathology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Elzbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Neven Zarkovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Div. of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka 54, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Reyaz A, Alam S, Chandra K, Kohli S, Agarwal S. Methylglyoxal and soluble RAGE in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Association with oxidative stress. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:515-521. [PMID: 32550204 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00543-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Methylglyoxal (MGO) and MGO related advance end product (AGE) are thought to contribute to the development of diabetes and its complications. The present study was intended to determine plasma MGO and sRAGE levels in T2DM patients and to assess the relationship between MGO and other parameters, such as sRAGE and oxidative markers. Methods The study was carried out in 100 control and T2DM subjects. Methylglyoxal, sRAGE, HbA1c, and other markers were measured by using a standard protocol and the relationship between variables was analyzed using Spearman's correlation analysis. Results Plasma MGO levels in patients with T2DM (221.1 ± 9.50 ng/mL) were significantly higher than in control subjects (121.1 ± 6.52 ng/mL, P < 0.001). The plasma level of MGO was positively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c, r = 0.50, P < 0.001). Plasma soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE) was significantly decreased in T2DM subjects (5.3 ± 0.64 ng/mL) as compared to the control group (7.7 ± 0.86 ng/mL, p < 0.05). However, at increased level of glycation (HbA1c > 10%), the sRAGE level was 6.2 ± 0.42 ng/mL and was not statistically significant as compared to control healthy group (> 0.05). Moreover, we have not found any correlation between MGO and other markers (p > 0.05). Conclusions The findings of the present study showed that increased plasma MGO level is significantly associated with the HbA1c levels in T2DM patients. Moreover, the study shows that plasma sRAGE level is significantly augmented at increased level of glycation (HbA1c > 10%) in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Reyaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, 110062 New Delhi, India
| | - Sana Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, 110062 New Delhi, India
| | - Kailash Chandra
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, 110062 New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Kohli
- Department of Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarita Agarwal
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, 110062 New Delhi, India
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Lipid peroxidation is involved in calcium dependent upregulation of mitochondrial metabolism in skeletal muscle. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129487. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.129487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Jaganjac M, Borovic Sunjic S, Zarkovic N. Utilizing Iron for Targeted Lipid Peroxidation as Anticancer Option of Integrative Biomedicine: A Short Review of Nanosystems Containing Iron. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E191. [PMID: 32106528 PMCID: PMC7139573 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional concepts of life sciences consider oxidative stress as a fundamental process of aging and various diseases including cancer, whereas traditional medicine recommends dietary intake of iron to support physiological functions of the organism. However, due to its strong pro-oxidative capacity, if not controlled well, iron can trigger harmful oxidative stress manifested eventually by toxic chain reactions of lipid peroxidation. Such effects of iron are considered to be major disadvantages of uncontrolled iron usage, although ferroptosis seems to be an important defense mechanism attenuating cancer development. Therefore, a variety of iron-containing nanoparticles were developed for experimental radio-, chemo-, and photodynamic as well as magnetic dynamic nanosystems that alter redox homeostasis in cancer cells. Moreover, studies carried over recent decades have revealed that even the end products of lipid peroxidation, represented by 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), could have desirable effects even acting as kinds of selective anticancer substances produced by non-malignant cells for defense again invading cancer. Therefore, advanced nanotechnologies should be developed for using iron to trigger targeted lipid peroxidation as an anticancer option of integrative biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morana Jaganjac
- Qatar Analytics & BioResearch Laboratory, Anti Doping Laboratory Qatar, Doha, Qatar;
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Suzana Borovic Sunjic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Neven Zarkovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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The Combination of Whole Cell Lipidomics Analysis and Single Cell Confocal Imaging of Fluidity and Micropolarity Provides Insight into Stress-Induced Lipid Turnover in Subcellular Organelles of Pancreatic Beta Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203742. [PMID: 31627330 PMCID: PMC6833103 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern omics techniques reveal molecular structures and cellular networks of tissues and cells in unprecedented detail. Recent advances in single cell analysis have further revolutionized all disciplines in cellular and molecular biology. These methods have also been employed in current investigations on the structure and function of insulin secreting beta cells under normal and pathological conditions that lead to an impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses have pointed to significant alterations in protein expression and function in beta cells exposed to diabetes like conditions (e.g., high glucose and/or saturated fatty acids levels). These nutritional overload stressful conditions are often defined as glucolipotoxic due to the progressive damage they cause to the cells. Our recent studies on the rat insulinoma-derived INS-1E beta cell line point to differential effects of such conditions in the phospholipid bilayers in beta cells. This review focuses on confocal microscopy-based detection of these profound alterations in the plasma membrane and membranes of insulin granules and lipid droplets in single beta cells under such nutritional load conditions.
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Moldogazieva NT, Mokhosoev IM, Mel'nikova TI, Porozov YB, Terentiev AA. Oxidative Stress and Advanced Lipoxidation and Glycation End Products (ALEs and AGEs) in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3085756. [PMID: 31485289 PMCID: PMC6710759 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3085756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a consequence of the use of oxygen in aerobic respiration by living organisms and is denoted as a persistent condition of an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability of the endogenous antioxidant system (AOS) to detoxify them. The oxidative stress theory has been confirmed in many animal studies, which demonstrated that the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and biomolecular stability and integrity is crucial for cellular longevity and successful aging. Mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired protein homeostasis (proteostasis) network, alteration in the activities of transcription factors such as Nrf2 and NF-κB, and disturbances in the protein quality control machinery that includes molecular chaperones, ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and autophagy/lysosome pathway have been observed during aging and age-related chronic diseases. The accumulation of ROS under oxidative stress conditions results in the induction of lipid peroxidation and glycoxidation reactions, which leads to the elevated endogenous production of reactive aldehydes and their derivatives such as glyoxal, methylglyoxal (MG), malonic dialdehyde (MDA), and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) giving rise to advanced lipoxidation and glycation end products (ALEs and AGEs, respectively). Both ALEs and AGEs play key roles in cellular response to oxidative stress stimuli through the regulation of a variety of cell signaling pathways. However, elevated ALE and AGE production leads to protein cross-linking and aggregation resulting in an alteration in cell signaling and functioning which causes cell damage and death. This is implicated in aging and various age-related chronic pathologies such as inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, and vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. In the present review, we discuss experimental data evidencing the impairment in cellular functions caused by AGE/ALE accumulation under oxidative stress conditions. We focused on the implications of ALEs/AGEs in aging and age-related diseases to demonstrate that the identification of cellular dysfunctions involved in disease initiation and progression can serve as a basis for the discovery of relevant therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbubu T. Moldogazieva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Innokenty M. Mokhosoev
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovityanov Street, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Tatiana I. Mel'nikova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Yuri B. Porozov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 49 Kronverksky Prospect, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Terentiev
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovityanov Street, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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Yang B, Fritsche KL, Beversdorf DQ, Gu Z, Lee JC, Folk WR, Greenlief CM, Sun GY. Yin-Yang Mechanisms Regulating Lipid Peroxidation of Docosahexaenoic Acid and Arachidonic Acid in the Central Nervous System. Front Neurol 2019; 10:642. [PMID: 31275232 PMCID: PMC6591372 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids in the central nervous system (CNS) are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Besides providing physical properties to cell membranes, these PUFAs are metabolically active and undergo turnover through the “deacylation-reacylation (Land's) cycle”. Recent studies suggest a Yin-Yang mechanism for metabolism of ARA and DHA, largely due to different phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) mediating their release. ARA and DHA are substrates of cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases resulting in an array of lipid mediators, which are pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving. The PUFAs are susceptible to peroxidation by oxygen free radicals, resulting in the production of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) from ARA and 4-hydroxyhexenal (4-HHE) from DHA. These alkenal electrophiles are reactive and capable of forming adducts with proteins, phospholipids and nucleic acids. The perceived cytotoxic and hormetic effects of these hydroxyl-alkenals have impacted cell signaling pathways, glucose metabolism and mitochondrial functions in chronic and inflammatory diseases. Due to the high levels of DHA and ARA in brain phospholipids, this review is aimed at providing information on the Yin-Yang mechanisms for regulating these PUFAs and their lipid peroxidation products in the CNS, and implications of their roles in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Kevin L Fritsche
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - David Q Beversdorf
- Departments of Radiology, Neurology and Psychological Sciences, and the Thompson Center, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Zezong Gu
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - James C Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - William R Folk
- Biochemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - C Michael Greenlief
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Grace Y Sun
- Biochemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Bioanalytical and Mass Spectrometric Methods for Aldehyde Profiling in Biological Fluids. TOXICS 2019; 7:toxics7020032. [PMID: 31167424 PMCID: PMC6630274 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human exposure to aldehydes is implicated in multiple diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders (i.e., Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases), and cancer. Because these compounds are strong electrophiles, they can react with nucleophilic sites in DNA and proteins to form reversible and irreversible modifications. These modifications, if not eliminated or repaired, can lead to alteration in cellular homeostasis, cell death and ultimately contribute to disease pathogenesis. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the methods and applications of aldehyde exposure measurements, with a particular focus on bioanalytical and mass spectrometric techniques, including recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based profiling methods for identifying potential biomarkers of aldehyde exposure. We discuss the various derivatization reagents used to capture small polar aldehydes and methods to quantify these compounds in biological matrices. In addition, we present emerging mass spectrometry-based methods, which use high-resolution accurate mass (HR/AM) analysis for characterizing carbonyl compounds and their potential applications in molecular epidemiology studies. With the availability of diverse bioanalytical methods presented here including simple and rapid techniques allowing remote monitoring of aldehydes, real-time imaging of aldehydic load in cells, advances in MS instrumentation, high performance chromatographic separation, and improved bioinformatics tools, the data acquired enable increased sensitivity for identifying specific aldehydes and new biomarkers of aldehyde exposure. Finally, the combination of these techniques with exciting new methods for single cell analysis provides the potential for detection and profiling of aldehydes at a cellular level, opening up the opportunity to minutely dissect their roles and biological consequences in cellular metabolism and diseases pathogenesis.
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Kumari N, Choudhary SB, Sharma HK, Singh BK, Kumar AA. Health-promoting properties of Corchorus leaves: A review. J Herb Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Ultrasensitive detection of volatile aldehydes with chemi-ionization-coupled time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Talanta 2019; 194:888-894. [PMID: 30609620 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The chemi-ionization reaction is a high-efficiency pathway to produce molecular ions in plasma, however, it has rarely been applied in mass spectrometry to directly produce analyte ions. In this study, a novel chemi-ionization technique for mass spectrometry was applied for the direct and ultrasensitive detection of gaseous aldehydes. The ionization technique was enacted by a recently observed chemi-ionization reaction: the efficient proton transfer from H2O to oxygenated compounds was stimulated by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)-excited CH2Cl2. By analyzing a series of aliphatic aldehydes (C2-C5) and benzaldehyde with different proton affinities (PAs) and polarities, the ionization features of the new ionization method were investigated for the first time. The chemi-ionization of aldehydes presented soft ionization characteristics with fragmentation patterns analogous to that of VUV photoionization. The method showed ultrahigh sensitivities toward aldehydes (up to 1108 ± 6 counts pptv-1 for benzaldehyde in 10 s acquisition time). The corresponding 3σ limits of detection (LODs) achieved 0.30-0.69 pptv, which are equivalent of 1.35-1.92 ng m-3, for the compounds investigated. The humidity experiments revealed that the moisture in the sample gas had an evident impact on the detection efficiency of the analyte and the influence was PA dependent. In addition, the applicability of this ionization mode was further tested by analysis of aldehydes in cigarette smoke. This study provides a promising ionization method for greatly improving the current on-line detection sensitivity of volatile aldehydes.
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50
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Munukutla S, Pan G, Palaniyandi SS. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 in Diabetic Heart Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1193:155-174. [PMID: 31368103 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6260-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A major pathophysiological mechanism behind the development of diabetic heart diseases is oxidative stress mediated by toxic reactive aldehydes such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE). Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 is a mitochondrial enzyme that has been found to detoxify these deleterious aldehydes and thereby mitigate cardiac damage. Furthermore, its protective role in cellular signaling reverses aberrations caused by hyperglycemia, thereby protecting cardiac function. This chapter assesses the role of ALDH2 in diabetic heart diseases by examining preclinical studies where ALDH2 activity is perturbed in both decreased and increased directions. In doing so, issues in improving ALDH2 activity in select human populations are elucidated, and further research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikar Munukutla
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Guodong Pan
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Suresh S Palaniyandi
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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