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Yuan F, Yan S, Zhao J. Elucidating the Phytochemical Landscape of Leaves, Stems, and Tubers of Codonopsis convolvulacea through Integrated Metabolomics. Molecules 2024; 29:3193. [PMID: 38999145 PMCID: PMC11243170 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Codonopsis convolvulacea is a highly valued Chinese medicinal plant containing diverse bioactive compounds. While roots/tubers have been the main medicinal parts used in practice, leaves and stems may also harbor valuable phytochemicals. However, research comparing volatiles across tissues is lacking. This study performed metabolomic profiling of leaves, stems, and tubers of C. convolvulacea to elucidate tissue-specific accumulation patterns of volatile metabolites. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry identified 302 compounds, belonging to 14 classes. Multivariate analysis clearly differentiated the metabolic profiles of the three tissues. Numerous differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were detected, especially terpenoids and esters. The leaves contained more terpenoids, ester, and alcohol. The stems accumulated higher levels of terpenoids, heterocyclics, and alkaloids with pharmaceutical potential. The tubers were enriched with carbohydrates like sugars and starch, befitting their storage role, but still retained reasonable amounts of valuable volatiles. The characterization of tissue-specific metabolic signatures provides a foundation for the selective utilization of C. convolvulacea parts. Key metabolites identified include niacinamide, p-cymene, tridecanal, benzeneacetic acid, benzene, and carveol. Leaves, stems, and tubers could be targeted for antioxidants, drug development, and tonics/nutraceuticals, respectively. The metabolomic insights can also guide breeding strategies to enhance the bioactive compound content in specific tissues. This study demonstrates the value of tissue-specific metabolite profiling for informing the phytochemical exploitation and genetic improvement of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Resources Conservation and Utilization of Tibet Autonomous Region, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, China
| | - Shiying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Lechkova B, Benbassat N, Karcheva-Bahchevanska D, Ivanov K, Peychev L, Peychev Z, Dyankov S, Georgieva-Dimova Y, Kraev K, Ivanova S. A Comparison between Bulgarian Tanacetum parthenium Essential Oil from Two Different Locations. Molecules 2024; 29:1969. [PMID: 38731460 PMCID: PMC11085318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Tanacetum parthenium L. (Asteraceae) is a perennial herbaceous plant with a long-standing historical use in traditional medicine. Recently Tanacetum parthenium L. essential oil has been associated with a promising potential for future applications in the pharmaceutical industry, in the cosmetics industry, and in agriculture. Investigations on the essential oil (EO) have indicated antimicrobial, antioxidant, and repellent activity. The present study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of Bulgarian T. parthenium essential oil from two different regions, to compare the results to those reported previously in the literature, and to point out some of its future applications. The essential oils of the air-dried flowering aerial parts were obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The chemical composition was evaluated using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It was established that the oxygenated monoterpenes were the predominant terpene class, followed by the monoterpene hydrocarbons. Significant qualitative and quantitative differences between both samples were revealed. Camphor (50.90%), camphene (16.12%), and bornyl acetate (6.05%) were the major constituents in the feverfew EO from the western Rhodope Mountains, while in the EO from the central Balkan mountains camphor (45.54%), trans-chrysanthenyl acetate (13.87%), and camphene (13.03%) were the most abundant components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borislava Lechkova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.L.); (N.B.); (D.K.-B.); (K.I.); (S.D.); (Y.G.-D.)
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Niko Benbassat
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.L.); (N.B.); (D.K.-B.); (K.I.); (S.D.); (Y.G.-D.)
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Diana Karcheva-Bahchevanska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.L.); (N.B.); (D.K.-B.); (K.I.); (S.D.); (Y.G.-D.)
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Kalin Ivanov
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.L.); (N.B.); (D.K.-B.); (K.I.); (S.D.); (Y.G.-D.)
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Lyudmil Peychev
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Zhivko Peychev
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biostatistics and E-Learning, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Stanislav Dyankov
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.L.); (N.B.); (D.K.-B.); (K.I.); (S.D.); (Y.G.-D.)
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Yoana Georgieva-Dimova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.L.); (N.B.); (D.K.-B.); (K.I.); (S.D.); (Y.G.-D.)
| | - Krasimir Kraev
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Stanislava Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.L.); (N.B.); (D.K.-B.); (K.I.); (S.D.); (Y.G.-D.)
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Alemu B, Molla MD, Tezera H, Dekebo A, Asmamaw T. Phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Bersama abyssinica F. seed extracts. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6345. [PMID: 38491116 PMCID: PMC10943032 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants can be potential sources of therapeutic agents. Traditional healers use a medicinal plant from Ethiopia, Bersama abyssinica Fresen, to treat various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical components and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of B. abyssinica seed extracts (BASE). Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis was used to determine the phytochemical compositions of BASE. The antioxidant activities were assessed by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) assay, ferric chloride reducing assay and hydroxyl scavenging capacity assay. Antimicrobial activity was investigated using the agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of saponins, glycosides, tannins, steroids, phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 30 volatile compounds; α-pinene (23.85%), eucalyptol (20.74%), β-pinene (5.75%), D-limonene (4.05%), and o-cymene (5.02%). DPPH-induced free radical scavenging (IC50 = 8.78), TBARS (IC50 = 0.55 µg/mL), and hydroxyl radicals' scavenging capacities assays (IC50 = 329.23) demonstrated high antioxidant effects of BASE. Reducing power was determined based on Fe3+-Fe2+ transformation in the presence of extract. BASE was found to show promising antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa (zone of inhibition 15.7 ± 2.5 mm, 16.0 ± 0.0 mm, and 16.7 ± 1.5 mm, respectively), but excellent antifungal activities against C. albican and M. furfur (zone of inhibition 22.0 ± 2.0 mm and 22.0 ± 4.0 mm, respectively). The seeds of B. abyssinica grown in Ethiopia possess high antioxidant potential, promising antibacterial and superior antifungal activity. Therefore, seeds of B. abyssinica provide a potential source for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belayhun Alemu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
| | - Meseret Derbew Molla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hiwot Tezera
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Aman Dekebo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Sciences, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Mantzios T, Stylianaki I, Savvidou S, Dokou S, Papadopoulos GΑ, Panitsidis I, Patsias A, Raj J, Vasiljević M, Pajić M, Gomez-Osorio LM, Bošnjak-Neumüller J, Tsiouris V, Giannenas I. Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Essential Oils, Lysozyme, and Vitamins' Blend on Layer Hen Performance, Viral Vaccinal Response, and Egg Quality Characteristics. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:147. [PMID: 38400131 PMCID: PMC10893408 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintaining respiratory tract health is crucial for layers, impacting gut health, laying performance, and egg quality. Viral diseases and standard vaccinations can compromise tracheal epithelium function, leading to oxidative stress. This study assessed the impact of a blend of feed additives, predominantly lysozyme (L), essential oils (EO), and vitamins (VIT) (referred to as L + EO + VIT), on young layers during an oral vaccination schedule. The supplementation significantly enhanced antibody titers for Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) and Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) after vaccination, trachea functionality and intestinal health in the jejunum, increased egg production, and exhibited a trend toward higher egg weight. Although feed intake showed no significant difference, egg quality remained consistent across experimental groups. Moreover, L + EO + VIT supplementation elevated total phenolic content in eggs, improving oxidative stability in both fresh and stored eggs, particularly under iron-induced oxidation. Notably, it substantially reduced yolk lipid peroxidation and albumen protein carbonyls. In conclusion, water supplementation with L + EO + VIT may enhance humoral immune response to IBV and NDV, positively impacting hen productivity. These findings indicate improved tracheal function and enhanced oxidative stability, emphasizing the potential of this blend in promoting overall health and performance in layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilemachos Mantzios
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Stavrou Voutyra 11, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (T.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Ioanna Stylianaki
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Soumela Savvidou
- Research Institute of Animal Science, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-Demeter, 58100 Giannitsa, Greece;
| | - Stella Dokou
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.D.); (I.P.)
| | - Georgios Α. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Panitsidis
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.D.); (I.P.)
| | - Apostolos Patsias
- Agricultural Poultry Cooperation of Ioannina “PINDOS”, Rodotopi, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Jog Raj
- PATENT CO. DOO, 24211 Misicevo, Serbia; (J.R.); (M.V.); (L.-M.G.-O.); (J.B.-N.)
| | - Marko Vasiljević
- PATENT CO. DOO, 24211 Misicevo, Serbia; (J.R.); (M.V.); (L.-M.G.-O.); (J.B.-N.)
| | - Marko Pajić
- Department for Epizootiology, Clinical Diagnostic, Pathology and DDD, Scientific Veterinary Institute “Novi Sad”, Rumenački Put 20, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | | | | | - Vasilios Tsiouris
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Stavrou Voutyra 11, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (T.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.D.); (I.P.)
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Moradi A, Davati N, Emamifar A. Effects of Cuminum cyminum L. essential oil and its nanoemulsion on oxidative stability and microbial growth in mayonnaise during storage. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4781-4793. [PMID: 37576044 PMCID: PMC10420787 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Cuminum cyminum L. essential oil (CEO) and its nanoemulsion (CEON) on oxidative stability and microbial growth of mayonnaise during storage. The GC analysis indicated that Cuminaldehyde (27.99%), o-Cymene (17.31%), γ-Terpinen (16.67%), and β-Pinene (9.35%) were the major components of CEO, respectively. The assessments of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) showed that Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (MBCCEO = 12 and MBCCEON = 6 mg/mL) was the most resistant bacteria, and in contrast, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (MBCCEO = 6 and MBCCEON = 3 mg/mL) was the most sensitive bacteria. In the radical-scavenging assay, CEON (IC50 = 5 ± 0.07 μg/mL) exhibited a higher antioxidant activity than CEO (IC50 = 10 ± 0.13 μg/mL). The results showed that applying the MBC of CEO and CEON in mayonnaise led to a significant decrease (p < .05) in acidity, peroxide value, number of acid-resistant bacteria and fungi, and total microbial count compared with the control sample. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that using CEON resulted in oxidative stability, microbial growth control, and desirable sensorial attributes in mayonnaise compared with CEO and control samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Moradi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Food IndustryBu‐Ali Sina UniversityHamedanIran
| | - Nafiseh Davati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Food IndustryBu‐Ali Sina UniversityHamedanIran
| | - Aryou Emamifar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Food IndustryBu‐Ali Sina UniversityHamedanIran
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Warman DJ, Jia H, Kato H. Effects of Thyme ( Thymus vulgaris L.) Essential Oil on Aging-Induced Brain Inflammation and Blood Telomere Attrition in Chronologically Aged C57BL/6J Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1178. [PMID: 37371908 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronological aging is commonly accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation (or "inflammaging"), a contributor to the development of age-related chronic diseases. Aging increases oxidative stress that accelerates telomere shortening, leading to cell senescence and the generation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that exacerbates inflammation. Dietary antioxidants may help protect telomeres and attenuate inflammation. Thyme essential oil (TEO), reported for its potency against neuroinflammation, was fed to chronologically aged C57BL/6J mice for 24 weeks. The TEO diet showed notable impacts on the hippocampus, indicated by lower expression of the aging-related gene p16INK4A (p = 0.0783) and significantly lower expression of cyclin D kinase Cdk4 and Cdk6 (p < 0.05) compared to the age-matched control mice. The TEO group also showed significantly lower gene expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine Il6 (p < 0.05) in the hippocampus and lower Il1b expression in the liver and cerebellum (p < 0.05). In vitro experiments conducted on NIH-3T3 cells expressing SASP revealed the dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity of TEO. Remarkably, TEO diet-fed mice showed higher survival rates and significantly longer blood telomere lengths than the control mice. Monoterpene antioxidants in TEO, particularly thymol and p-cymene, may primarily contribute to the anti-inflammatory and telomere-protecting activities of TEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwina Juliana Warman
- Health Nutrition, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Huijuan Jia
- Health Nutrition, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hisanori Kato
- Health Nutrition, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Department of Applied Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado-shi 350-0288, Japan
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Muhammad I, Hassan SSU, Xu WJ, Tu GL, Yu HJ, Xiao X, Yan SK, Jin HZ, Bungau S. An extensive pharmacological evaluation of novel anti-nociceptive and IL-6 targeted anti-inflammatory guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids from Cinnamomum migao H. W. Li through in-depth in-vitro, ADMET, and molecular docking studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114946. [PMID: 37257229 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids are most prevalent in the genus Cinnamomum. Hence this study investigates the structures, anti-nociceptive and IL-6 targeted anti-inflammatory potential of three novels C-14 guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids and two new monoterpenoids, isolated from Cinnamomum migao. The structures were precisely confirmed and characterized through the modern chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques of HRESIMS, 1D NMR, 2D NMR, experimental circular dichroism (ECD), and calculated (ECD). Novel sesquiterpenoids 1 and 2 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities against the NO production and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Their IC50 values were determined as 9.52 and 13.42 μΜ against IL-6 mRNA, respectively. Similarly, subcutaneous injection of n-BuT and EA extracts showed a dose-dependent suppression of formalin-induced tonic biting/licking responses during the tonic antinociceptive phase. Furthermore, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis of guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids 1 and 2 displayed that both compounds have a high level of GIT absorption, with a high zone of safety for cardiac and hepatotoxicity and no inhibition of cytochromes. In addition, molecular docking and simulation studies strengthen the anti-inflammatory potential of sesquiterpene 2 which showed a good binding affinity with IL-6 protein. Overall the inclusive results showed that the extracts and newly isolated guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids from C. migao will provide new evidence for the traditional use of this species to treat inflammation and nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishaq Muhammad
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Syed Shams Ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Xu
- Guizhou Jingcheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550200, PR China
| | - Guo-Li Tu
- Guizhou Jingcheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550200, PR China
| | - Hua-Jun Yu
- Guizhou Jingcheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550200, PR China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Shi-Kai Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Hui-Zi Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea 410028, Romania
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Caputo L, Amato G, De Martino L, De Feo V, Nazzaro F. Anti-Cholinesterase and Anti-α-Amylase Activities and Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene and Their Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076073. [PMID: 37047044 PMCID: PMC10093841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Several researchers have demonstrated the health and pharmacological properties of carvacrol and p-cymene, monoterpenes of aromatic plants. This study investigated these compounds' possible anti-cholinesterase, anti-α-amylase, and neuroprotective effects. We evaluated the anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-α-amylase activities at different concentrations of the compounds. The maximum non-toxic dose of carvacrol and p-cymene against SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells was determined using an MTT assay. The neuroprotective effects of the compounds were evaluated on H2O2-induced stress in SH-SY5Y cells, studying the expression of caspase-3 using Western blotting assays. Carvacrol showed inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 3.8 µg/mL) and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 32.7 µg/mL). Instead, the anti-α-amylase activity of carvacrol resulted in an IC50 value of 171.2 μg/mL After a pre-treatment with the maximum non-toxic dose of carvacrol and p-cymene, the expression of caspase-3 was reduced compared to cells treated with H2O2 alone. Carvacrol and p-cymene showed in vitro anti-enzymatic properties, and may act as neuroprotective agents against oxidative stress. Further studies are necessary to elucidate their possible use as coadjutants in preventing and treating AD in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Caputo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Amato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Laura De Martino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- Institute of Food Sciences, CNR-ISA, Via Roma, 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Filomena Nazzaro
- Institute of Food Sciences, CNR-ISA, Via Roma, 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy
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Nadi A, Shiravi AA, Mohammadi Z, Aslani A, Zeinalian M. Thymus vulgaris, a natural pharmacy against COVID-19: A molecular review. J Herb Med 2023; 38:100635. [PMID: 36718131 PMCID: PMC9877322 DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction A worldwide pandemic infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a deadly disease called COVID-19. Interaction of the virus and the Angiotensin converting-enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor leads to an inflammatory-induced tissue damage. Thymus vulgaris L. (TvL) is a plant with a long history in traditional medicine that has antimicrobial, antiseptic, and antiviral properties. Thymol and Carvacrol are two important biological components in Thyme that have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. This study is a molecular review on the potential effects of TvL and its active compounds on SARS-COV2 infection. Method This is a narrative review in which using PubMed, Scopus, ISI, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, Google scholar, and Arxiv preprint databases, the molecular mechanisms of therapeutic and protective effects of TvL and its active compounds have been discussed regarding the molecular pathogenesis in COVID-19. Results Thyme could suppress TNF-alpha, IL-6, and other inflammatory cytokines. It also enhances the anti-inflammatory cytokines like TGF-beta and IL-10. Thyme extract acts also as an inhibitor of cytokines IL-1-beta and IL-8, at both mRNA and protein levels. Thymol may also control the progression of neuro-inflammation toward neurological disease by reducing some factors. Thyme and its active ingredients, especially Thymol and Carvacrol, have also positive effects on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and intestinal microbiota. Conclusions Accordingly, TvL and its bioactive components may prevent COVID-19 complications and has a potential protective role against the deleterious consequences of the disease.
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Key Words
- ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme
- ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme II
- ACEIs, ACE inhibitors
- ALI, acute lung injury
- ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers
- ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- AT1R, angiotensin II receptor type 1
- AngII, angiotensin II
- BALF, brochalveolar lavage fluid
- COVID-19
- CVD, cardio vascular disease
- IL, Interleukin
- Infection
- RAS, renin-angiotensin system
- SARS-COV2
- TGF-β, Transforming growth factor beta
- TMPRSS2, transmembrane serine protease 2
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- Th, T helper
- Thyme
- Thymus vulgaris L
- Treatment
- TvL, Thymus vulgaris L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nadi
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Shiravi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Mohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Amin Aslani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Zeinalian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Iranian Cancer Control and Prevention Center (MACSA), Isfahan, Iran,Corresponding author at: Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Synergistic Antioxidant Activity of Four—Component Mixture of Essential Oils: Basil, Cedarwood, Citronella and Thyme for the Use as Medicinal and Food Ingredient. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030577. [PMID: 36978825 PMCID: PMC10044885 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixture design is a statistical tool used to obtain the maximum desired effect using the minimum number of experiments. The aim of the presented work was the optimization of the composition of a mixture of essential oils from basil, citronella, cedarwood and thyme using simplex-lattice mixture design method. The optimized parameter was an antioxidant activity measured in DPPH assay and expressed as effective concentration (EC50). The test results showed an interesting synergy between the components of essential oils. The prepared binary and quaternary mixtures were characterized by higher activity than simple average activity. The designed mixture with approximated highest antioxidant activity was composed of: 54.4% citronella essential oil, 33.0% thyme essential oil, 9.2% cedarwood essential oil and 3.4% basil essential oil and its approximated activity was in agreement with experimental values. This work confirmed that it is possible to approximate the best antioxidant composition of four essential oils used as a potential medicinal and food ingredient.
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11
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Gururani MA, Atteya AK, Elhakem A, El-Sheshtawy ANA, El-Serafy RS. Essential oils prolonged the cut carnation longevity by limiting the xylem blockage and enhancing the physiological and biochemical levels. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281717. [PMID: 36881583 PMCID: PMC9990951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Postharvest characteristics, such as vase life and antimicrobial preservation of commercial cut flowers are some of the major determinants of their market value worldwide. Extending vase life while restricting microbial proliferation in cut flowers is an important challenge faced by floricultural researchers. This study evaluates the preservative efficiency of different essential oils used as additive solutions in prolonging the longevity of carnation cv. Madam Collette cut flowers and restricting microbial growth in them. Cut carnations were treated with four essential oils: geranium, thyme, marjoram, and anise at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, and 75 mg/L. While treatment with all the essential oils prolonged the longevity of the cut flowers, thyme and marjoram oils were most effective at concentrations of 50 mg/L each. The vase life of thyme-treated and marjoram-treated carnations almost doubled to 18.5 days and 18.25 days, respectively, as compared to untreated flowers. Treatment with essential oils also led to an increase in water uptake by the cut flowers enhancing their relative water content (RWC). It also restricted the sharp decline of chlorophyll and total carbohydrates content of the flowers during their vase life period. Morphological features of the stem bases of treated and untreated carnations were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The stem ends of geranium and anise-treated carnations showed less bacterial growth than untreated flowers and no apparent xylem blockage was observed even after nine days of treatment. Furthermore, the presence of essential oils also reduced lipid peroxidation and free radical generation as observed by malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 quantification, respectively. It also led to increased production of total phenols leading to enhanced membrane stability. The use of thyme and marjoram essential oils as antimicrobial preservatives and green antioxidants appears to have promising applications in both the industrial and scientific sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank A. Gururani
- Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Amira K. Atteya
- Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture Department, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Abeer Elhakem
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rasha S. El-Serafy
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- * E-mail:
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12
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Nasiri N, Ilaghi Nezhad M, Sharififar F, Khazaneha M, Najafzadeh MJ, Mohamadi N. The Therapeutic Effects of Nigella sativa on Skin Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:7993579. [PMID: 36518853 PMCID: PMC9744621 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7993579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to identify randomized controlled trials that looked at the effects of Nigella sativa in any form on different skin diseases. Up to March 2022, the online databases of Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane trials were searched. This study included 14 records of people who had experienced different types of skin disease including atopic dermatitis, vulgaris, arsenical keratosis, psoriasis, vitiligo, acute cutaneous leishmaniasis, warts, eczema, and acne. The mean SD age of the patients was 28.86 (4.49); [range: 18.3-51.4], with females accounting for 69% (506 out of 732) of the total. The follow-up mean SD was 8.16 (1.3) (ranged: 4 days to 24 weeks). The odds ratio (OR) was found to be 4.59 in a meta-analysis (95% CI: 2.02, 10.39). Whereas the null hypothesis in this systematic review was that lotion had no impact, OR 4.59 indicated that lotion could be effective. The efficacy of N. sativa essential oil and extract has been demonstrated in most clinical studies. However, more research is needed to completely evaluate and validate the efficacy or inadequacy of therapy with N. sativa, although it appears that it can be used as an alternative treatment to help people cope with skin problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Nasiri
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mozhde Ilaghi Nezhad
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fariba Sharififar
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Khazaneha
- Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Neda Mohamadi
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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13
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Bouymajane A, Filali FR, Ed-Dra A, Aazza M, Nalbone L, Giarratana F, Alibrando F, Miceli N, Mondello L, Cacciola F. Chemical profile, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anisakicidal activities of Thymus zygis subsp. gracilis essential oil and its effect against Listeria monocytogenes. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 383:109960. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Dalli M, Daoudi NE, Abrigach F, Azizi SE, Bnouham M, Kim B, Gseyra N. In vitro α-amylase and hemoglobin glycation inhibitory potential of Nigella sativa essential oil, and molecular docking studies of its principal components. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1036129. [PMID: 36339531 PMCID: PMC9631318 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1036129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nigella sativa is plant that is endowed with various pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antidiabetic, and immunostimulant. This study aims to investigate the antidiabetic activity of the N. sativa essential oil on two key enzymes the α-amylase and hemoglobin glycation. After the extraction procedure, the N. sativa essential oil, were subject to qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis using GC/MS, for the identification of the different bioactive compounds. This was followed by an evaluation of the in vitro inhibition capacity of the α-amylase and the hemoglobin glycation. Finally, a molecular docking study was conducted to determine the bioactive compounds responsible for the antidiabetic activity. The extracted essential oil showed the presence of different bioactive compounds including α-phellandrene (29.6%), β-cymene (23.8%), 4-caranol (9.7%), thymol (7%). The N. sativa essential oil was found to be endowed with an antiradical scavenging activity with an IC50 of (7.81 ± 0.08 mg/ml), and to have a ferric reducing activity with an IC50 value of (7.53 ± 0.11 mg/ml). The IC50 value for the α-amylase inhibitory activity was 0.809 mg/ml, indicating an inhibitory impact of the enzyme. The IC50 value for the N. sativa essential oil’s hemoglobin antiglycation activity was 0.093 mg/ml. For most predominating phytochemicals present in the N. sativa essential oil, molecular docking studies against human pancreatic α-amylase and human hemoglobin enzymes revealed that these compounds can serve as lead molecules to develop new antidiabetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Dalli
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology Ethnopharmacology and Health Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Mohammed Dalli, ; Bonglee Kim ,
| | - Nour Elhouda Daoudi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology Ethnopharmacology and Health Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Farid Abrigach
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Salah-eddine Azizi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology Ethnopharmacology and Health Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology Ethnopharmacology and Health Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Mohammed Dalli, ; Bonglee Kim ,
| | - Nadia Gseyra
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology Ethnopharmacology and Health Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
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Xiao Y, Muhammad I, Ma X, Yu H, Yan S, Xiao X, Jin H. Camganoids A and B, two new sesquiterpenes with different carbon skeletons isolated from the fruits of Cinnamomum migao. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2022; 14:638-642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Qin Y, Chen X, Wang L, Wei X, Mo H, Wei X, Liang J. Measurement and correlation of isothermal vapor-liquid equilibrium for (−)-β-caryophyllene + p-cymene with dehydroabietic acid at 313.15, 323.15, and 333.15K. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Becer E, Mutlu Altundag E, Başer KHC, Vatansever HS. Cytotoxic activity and antioxidant effects of Origanum onites essential oil and its two major contents, carvacrol and p-cymene on human colorectal (HCT116) and hepatocelluler carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2107101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eda Becer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Ergül Mutlu Altundag
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Turkey
| | - K. Hüsnü Can Başer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Hafize Seda Vatansever
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
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Kabdal T, Himani, Kumar R, Prakash O, Nagarkoti K, Rawat D, Srivastava R, Kumar S, Dubey SK. Seasonal variation in the essential oil composition and biological activities of Thymus linearis Benth. Collected from the Kumaun region of Uttarakhand, India. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Gad HA, Mukhammadiev EA, Zengen G, Musayeib NMA, Hussain H, Bin Ware I, Ashour ML, Mamadalieva NZ. Chemometric Analysis Based on GC-MS Chemical Profiles of Three Stachys Species from Uzbekistan and Their Biological Activity. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11091215. [PMID: 35567215 PMCID: PMC9105566 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of Stachys byzantina, S. hissarica and S. betoniciflora growing in Uzbekistan were determined, and their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity were assessed. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of 143 metabolites accounting for 70.34, 76.78 and 88.63% of the total identified components of S. byzantina, S. hissarica and S. betoniciflora, respectively. Octadecanal (9.37%) was the most predominant in S. betoniciflora. However, n-butyl octadecenoate (4.92%) was the major volatile in S. byzantina. Benzaldehyde (5.01%) was present at a higher percentage in S. hissarica. A chemometric analysis revealed the ability of volatile profiling to discriminate between the studied Stachys species. The principal component analysis plot displayed a clear diversity of Stachys species where the octadecanal and benzaldehyde were the main discriminating markers. The antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing power (FRAP), chelating and phosphomolybdenum (PBD). Moreover, the ability of the essential oils to inhibit both acetyl/butyrylcholinesterases (AChE and BChE), α-amylase, α-glucosidase and tyrosinase was assessed. The volatiles from S. hissarica exhibited the highest activity in both the ABTS (226.48 ± 1.75 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g oil) and FRAP (109.55 ± 3.24 mg TE/g oil) assays. However, S. betoniciflora displayed the strongest activity in the other assays (174.94 ± 0.20 mg TE/g oil for CUPRAC, 60.11 ± 0.36 mg EDTA equivalent (EDTAE)/g oil for chelating and 28.24 ± 1.00 (mmol TE/g oil) for PBD. Regarding the enzyme inhibitory activity, S. byzantina demonstrated the strongest AChE (5.64 ± 0.04 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g oil) and tyrosinase inhibitory (101.07 ± 0.60 mg kojic acid equivalent (KAE)/g) activity. The highest activity for BChE (11.18 ± 0.19 mg GALAE/g oil), amylase inhibition (0.76 ± 0.02 mmol acarbose equivalent (ACAE)/g oil) and glucosidase inhibition (24.11 ± 0.06 mmol ACAE/g oil) was observed in S. betoniciflora. These results showed that EOs of Stachys species could be used as antioxidant, hypoglycemic and skincare agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidy A. Gad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Elbek A. Mukhammadiev
- Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of RUz, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan;
| | - Gokhan Zengen
- Department of Biology, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Nawal M. Al Musayeib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (H.H.); (I.B.W.)
| | - Ismail Bin Ware
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (H.H.); (I.B.W.)
| | - Mohamed L. Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (M.L.A.); (N.Z.M.)
| | - Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva
- Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of RUz, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan;
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (H.H.); (I.B.W.)
- Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of RUz, Durmon Yuli Str. 32, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan
- Correspondence: (M.L.A.); (N.Z.M.)
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Chemical Composition, Biological Activities and In Silico Analysis of Essential Oils of Three Endemic Prangos Species from Turkey. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051676. [PMID: 35268777 PMCID: PMC8911840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the essential oils (EOs) obtained from three endemic Prangos species from Turkey (P. heyniae, P. meliocarpoides var. meliocarpoides, and P. uechtritzii) were studied for their chemical composition and biological activities. β-Bisabolenal (12.2%) and caryophyllene oxide (7.9%) were the principal components of P. heyniae EO, while P. meliocarpoides EO contained sabinene (16.7%) and p-cymene (13.2%), and P. uechtritzii EO contained p-cymene (24.6%) and caryophyllene oxide (19.6%), as the most abundant components. With regard to their antioxidant activity, all the EOs were found to possess free radical scavenging potential demonstrated in both DPPH and ABTS assays (0.43–1.74 mg TE/g and 24.18–92.99 mg TE/g, respectively). Additionally, while no inhibitory activity was displayed by P. meliocarpoides and P. uechtritzii EOs against both cholinesterases (acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterases). Moreover, all the EOs were found to act as inhibitors of tyrosinase (46.34–69.56 mg KAE/g). Molecular docking revealed elemol and α-bisabolol to have the most effective binding affinity with tyrosinase and amylase. Altogether, this study unveiled some interesting biological activities of these EOs, especially as natural antioxidants and tyrosinase inhibitors and hence offers stimulating prospects of them in the development of anti-hyperpigmentation topical formulations.
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Souadia A. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Thymus ciliatus (Desf.) Benth. Essential Oils of Algeria. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221080337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils of Thymus ciliatus (Desf.) Benth from middle Algeria obtained from the aerial parts by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant capacity values of T ciliatus extracts were determined using 2 different and complementary assays: free radical scavenging ( 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH]) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Six samples of T ciliatus collected in 2019 were used in the study. GC and GC-MS were used to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils. Twenty-five compounds were identified with a percentage of 89.3%–97.7%. The essential oils of T ciliatus were characterized by the presence of myrcene (9.6%-26.9%), p-cymene (7.6%-17.0%), and borneol (13.4%-30.2%) as principal components.
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22
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Ocaña AV, Aguilera‐Correa JJ, Domínguez‐Jurado E, Pérez‐Martínez FC, Pérez‐Tanoira R, López‐Carretero Y, Masiá‐Mondejar J, Castro‐Osma JA, Esteban J, Alonso‐Moreno C, Molina‐Alarcón M, Seguí P. A bis(pyrazolyl)methane derivative against clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from otitis externa. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2022; 7:283-290. [PMID: 35155809 PMCID: PMC8823158 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effects of a p-Cymene-based bis(pyrazolyl)methane derivative (SC-19) to advance in developing alternative therapeutic compounds to fight against bacterial isolates from patients with otitis externa (OE). METHODS Eighteen swab specimens were collected from patients aged over 18 years diagnosed with OE within at least 7 days of symptom onset, contaminated by only one bacterium type: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 5); Staphylococcus aureus (n = 8); Klebsiella aerogenes (n = 2); Serratia marcescens (n = 1); Morganella morganii (n = 2). To appraise antibacterial activity, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC), and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assays were run at different SC-19 concentrations. RESULTS When using SC-19, S. aureus strains showed less bacterial growth, but no bactericidal effect was observed. The MIC and MBC of SC-19 were 62.5 and 2000 μg/ml against S. aureus and were >2000 μg/ml against the other isolates obtained from OE, respectively. In addition, the MBICs and MBECs of SC-19 against S. aureus were 125 and >2000 μg/ml, respectively. CONCLUSION Nowadays the acquired antibiotic resistance phenomenon has stimulated research into novel and more efficient therapeutic agents. Hence, we report that, helped by the structural diversity fostered herein by a range of bis(pyrazolyl)methane derivatives, SC-19 can be a promising alternative therapeutic option for treating OE caused by S. aureus given the observed effects on both planktonic state and biofilm. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana V. Ocaña
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE)University of Castilla‐La ManchaAlbaceteSpain
| | | | - Elena Domínguez‐Jurado
- NanoCRIB UnitCentro Regional de Investigaciones BiomédicasAlbaceteSpain
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaAlbaceteSpain
| | - Francisco C. Pérez‐Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE)University of Castilla‐La ManchaAlbaceteSpain
| | - Ramón Pérez‐Tanoira
- Clinical Microbiology DepartmentHospital Universitario Príncipe de AsturiasMadridSpain
- Biomedicine y Biotechnology Department, School of MedicineUniversity of Alcalá de HenaresAlcalá de HenaresSpain
| | | | - Jesús Masiá‐Mondejar
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE)University of Castilla‐La ManchaAlbaceteSpain
| | - José Antonio Castro‐Osma
- NanoCRIB UnitCentro Regional de Investigaciones BiomédicasAlbaceteSpain
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaAlbaceteSpain
| | - Jaime Esteban
- Clinical Microbiology DepartmentIIS‐Fundacion Jimenez Diaz‐UAMMadridSpain
| | - Carlos Alonso‐Moreno
- NanoCRIB UnitCentro Regional de Investigaciones BiomédicasAlbaceteSpain
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaAlbaceteSpain
| | - Milagros Molina‐Alarcón
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE)University of Castilla‐La ManchaAlbaceteSpain
- Department of NursingUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaAlbaceteSpain
| | - Pedro Seguí
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE)University of Castilla‐La ManchaAlbaceteSpain
- Department of OtorrinolaringologyComplejo Hospitalario UniversitarioAlbaceteSpain
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Arabloei Sani M, Yaghmaei P, Hajebrahimi Z, Hayati Roodbari N. Therapeutic Effect of P-Cymene on Lipid Profile, Liver Enzyme, and Akt/Mtor Pathway in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Wistar Rats. J Obes 2022; 2022:1015669. [PMID: 35528246 PMCID: PMC9072059 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1015669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a serious public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. There is a strong link between hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and the development of diabetes mellitus. PI3K/Akt/mTOR is the main signaling pathway of insulin for controlling lipid and glucose metabolism. P-cymene is an aromatic monoterpene with a widespread range of therapeutic properties including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study, the antidiabetic effects of p-cymene were investigated. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin in male Wistar rats. The effects of p-cymene and metformin were studied on levels of glucose (Glu), lipid profile, liver enzymes, oxidative stress, and the expression of Akt, phospho-Akt, and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) proteins, using biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis. Data have shown that p-cymene can improve serum levels of Glu, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the expression of mTOR, Akt, and phospho-Akt protein in diabetic animals. These results suggest that p-cymene has hypoglycemia, hypolipidemia, and antioxidant properties. It can regulate Akt/mTOR pathway and reduce hepatic and pancreas injury. It can be suggested for diabetes management alone or simultaneously with metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Arabloei Sani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajebrahimi
- A & S Research Institute, Ministry of Science Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Hayati Roodbari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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El Fawal G, Abu-Serie MM. Bioactive properties of nanofibers based on poly(vinylidene fluoride) loaded with oregano essential oil: Fabrication, characterization and biological evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Nissen L, Casciano F, Babini E, Gianotti A. Prebiotic potential and bioactive volatiles of hemp byproduct fermented by lactobacilli. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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26
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Muhammad I, Luo W, Shoaib RM, Li GL, Shams Ul Hassan S, Yang ZH, Xiao X, Tu GL, Yan SK, Ma XP, Jin HZ. Guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids from Cinnamomum migao H. W. Li: And their anti-inflammatory activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 190:112850. [PMID: 34217042 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The phytochemical assessment of Cinnamomum migao H. W. Li fruits illustrated the isolation and identification of ten undescribed guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids "miganoids A-J″ and one undescribed sesquiterpene "7(S)-(hydroxypropanyl)-3-methyl-2-(4-oxopentyl) cyclohex-2-en-1-one". The extensive analysis of HRESIMS, 1D NMR, 2D NMR, experimental circular dichroism (ECD), and calculated (ECD) analysis entirely corroborated the configuration and confirmation of these isolated compounds. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory properties of the reported compounds were established by determining the LPS induced nitric oxide production. In the current study, miganoid C is testified the most active compound with about 89% NO inhibition. Additionally, miganoids C, E, and G also exhibited moderate inhibitory effects against the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). The IC50 values for miganoid C and miganoid G were determined as 19.4 and 14.5 μΜ against TNF-α mRNA, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishaq Muhammad
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Rana Muhammad Shoaib
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Guang-Li Li
- Guizhou Jingcheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang, 550200, PR China
| | - Syed Shams Ul Hassan
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hua Yang
- Guizhou Jingcheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang, 550200, PR China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Guo-Li Tu
- Guizhou Jingcheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang, 550200, PR China
| | - Shi-Kai Yan
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xian-Peng Ma
- Guizhou Jingcheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang, 550200, PR China.
| | - Hui-Zi Jin
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
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Kim MH, Lee SM, An KW, Lee MJ, Park DH. Usage of Natural Volatile Organic Compounds as Biological Modulators of Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179421. [PMID: 34502333 PMCID: PMC8430758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants produce a wide variety of natural volatile organic compounds (NVOCs), many of which are unique to each species. These compounds serve many purposes, such as fending off herbivores and adapting to changes in temperature and water supply. Interestingly, although NVOCs are synthesized to deter herbivores, many of these compounds have been found to possess several therapeutic qualities, such as promoting nerve stability, enhancing sleep, and suppressing hyperresponsiveness, in addition to acting as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. Therefore, many NVOCs are promising drug candidates for disease treatment and prevention. Given their volatile nature, these compounds can be administered to patients through inhalation, which is often more comfortable and convenient than other administration routes. However, the development of NVOC-based drug candidates requires a careful evaluation of the molecular mechanisms that drive their therapeutic properties to avoid potential adverse effects. Furthermore, even compounds that appear generally safe might have toxic effects depending on their dose, and therefore their toxicological assessment is also critical. In order to enhance the usage of NVOCs this short review focuses not only on the biological activities and therapeutic mode of action of representative NVOCs but also their toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea;
| | - Seung-Min Lee
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Ki-Wan An
- Department of Forest Resources, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Min-Jae Lee
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.-J.L.); (D.-H.P.)
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.-J.L.); (D.-H.P.)
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Madkour DA, Ahmed MM, Orabi SH, Sayed SM, Korany RMS, Khalifa HK. Nigella sativa oil protects against emamectin benzoate-Induced neurotoxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1521-1535. [PMID: 33885218 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the ameliorative impact of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on emamectin benzoate (EMB) neurotoxicity. Thirty-five male rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups (n = 7). G1 (control): received distilled water; G2: received NSO (3 ml. Kg-1 B.W.) for 6 weeks; G3: received EMB (9 mg kg-1 B.W.) for 6 weeks; G4: was co-treated with NSO and EMB for 6 weeks; G5: was treated with EMB for 4 weeks then, received NSO for 2 weeks. All treatments were given orally every other day. EMB increased serum urea, creatinine levels; brain dopamine, serotonin, malondialdehyde levels; brain expression levels of caspase 3 and TNF-α. While, it decreased serum total protein, albumin, brain GABA, AChE, GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD levels. Histopathological findings revealed hemorrhage, congestion, severe degeneration, and edema of the brain tissues. NSO reversed the EMB-induced biochemical and histopathological alterations. This NSO effect is mostly due to its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. These findings suggest NSO as a potential protective and therapeutic agent for EMB-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A Madkour
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Sahar H Orabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Samy M Sayed
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, Ranyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda M S Korany
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanem K Khalifa
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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Kulyal P, Acharya S, Ankari AB, Kokkiripati PK, Tetali SD, Raghavendra AS. Variable Secondary Metabolite Profiles Across Cultivars of Curcuma longa L. and C. aromatica Salisb. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:659546. [PMID: 34276362 PMCID: PMC8278146 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.659546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background:Curcuma spp. (Zingiberaceae) are used as a spice and coloring agent. Their rhizomes and essential oils are known for medicinal properties, besides their use in the flavoring and cosmetic industry. Most of these biological activities were attributed to volatile and nonvolatile secondary metabolites present in the rhizomes of Curcuma spp. The metabolite variations among the species and even cultivars need to be established for optimized use of Curcuma spp. Objectives: We compared the phytochemical profiles of rhizomes and their essential oils to establish the variability among seven cultivars: five of Curcuma longa L. (Alleppey Supreme, Duggirala Red, Prathibha, Salem, Suguna) and two of C. aromatica Salisb. (Kasturi Araku, Kasturi Avidi). The GC-MS and LC-MS-based analyses were employed to profile secondary metabolites of these selected cultivars. Methods: Rhizomes of Curcuma spp. were subjected to hydro-distillation to collect essential oil and analyzed by GC-MS. The methanol extracts of fresh rhizomes were subjected to LC-MS analyses. The compounds were identified by using the relevant MS library databases as many compounds as possible. Results: The essential oil content of the cultivars was in the range of 0.74–1.62%. Several compounds were detected from the essential oils and rhizome extracts by GC-MS and LC-MS, respectively. Of these, 28 compounds (13 from GCMS and 15 from LCMS) were common in all seven cultivars, e.g., α-thujene, and diarylheptanoids like curcumin. Furthermore, a total of 39 new compounds were identified from C. longa L. and/or C. aromatica Salisb., most of them being cultivar-specific. Of these compounds, 35 were detected by GC-MS analyses of essential oils, 1,2-cyclohexanediol, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-, and santolina alcohol, to name a few. The other four compounds were detected by LC-MS of the methanolic extracts of the rhizomes, e.g., kaempferol-3,7-O-dimethyl ether and 5,7,8-trihydroxy-2′,5′-dimethoxy-3′,4′-methylene dioxyisoflavanone. Conclusions: We identified and recorded the variability in the metabolite profiles of essential oils and whole rhizome extracts from the seven cultivars of Curcuma longa L. and C. aromatica Salisb. As many as 39 new metabolites were detected in these seven Indian cultivars of Curcuma spp. Many of these compounds have health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Kulyal
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Satyabrata Acharya
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Aditya B Ankari
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Praveen K Kokkiripati
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sarada D Tetali
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Agepati S Raghavendra
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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Hajlaoui H, Arraouadi S, Noumi E, Aouadi K, Adnan M, Khan MA, Kadri A, Snoussi M. Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Acetylcholinesterase, Antidiabetic, and Pharmacokinetic Properties of Carum carvi L. and Coriandrum sativum L. Essential Oils Alone and in Combination. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123625. [PMID: 34199316 PMCID: PMC8231812 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbs and spices have been used since antiquity for their nutritional and health properties, as well as in traditional remedies for the prevention and treatment of many diseases. Therefore, this study aims to perform a chemical analysis of both essential oils (EOs) from the seeds of Carum carvi (C. carvi) and Coriandrum sativum (C. sativum) and evaluate their antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-acetylcholinesterase, and antidiabetic activities alone and in combination. Results showed that the EOs mainly constitute monoterpenes with γ-terpinene (31.03%), β-pinene (18.77%), p-cymene (17.16%), and carvone (12.20%) being the major components present in C. carvi EO and linalool (76.41%), γ-terpinene (5.35%), and α-pinene (4.44%) in C. sativum EO. In comparison to standards, statistical analysis revealed that C. carvi EO showed high and significantly different (p < 0.05) antioxidant activity than C. sativum EO, but lower than the mixture. Moreover, the mixture exhibited two-times greater ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (IC50 = 11.33 ± 1.53 mg/mL) and equipotent chelating power (IC50 = 31.33 ± 0.47 mg/mL) than the corresponding references, and also potent activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (IC50 = 19.00 ± 1.00 mg/mL), β-carotene (IC50 = 11.16 ± 0.84 mg/mL), and superoxide anion (IC50 = 10.33 ± 0.58 mg/mL) assays. Antimicrobial data revealed that single and mixture EOs were active against a panel of pathogenic microorganisms, and the mixture had the ability to kill more bacterial strains than each EO alone. Additionally, the anti-acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase inhibitory effect have been studied for the first time, highlighting the high inhibition effect of AChE by C. carvi (IC50 = 0.82 ± 0.05 mg/mL), and especially by C. sativum (IC50 = 0.68 ± 0.03 mg/mL), as well as the mixture (IC50 = 0.63 ± 0.02 mg/mL) compared to the reference drug, which are insignificantly different (p > 0.05). A high and equipotent antidiabetic activity was observed for the mixture (IC50 = 0.75 ± 0.15 mg/mL) when compared to the standard drug, acarbose, which is about nine times higher than each EO alone. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic analysis provides some useful insights into designing new drugs with favorable drug likeness and safety profiles based on a C. carvi and C. sativum EO mixture. In summary, the results of this study revealed that the combination of these EOs may be recommended for further food, therapeutic, and pharmaceutical applications, and can be utilized as medicine to inhibit several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafedh Hajlaoui
- Research Unit Valorization and Optimization of Resource Exploitation (UR16ES04), Faculty of Science and Technology of Sidi Bouzid, University of Kairouan, Campus University Agricultural City, Sidi Bouzid 9100, Tunisia;
| | - Soumaya Arraouadi
- Regional Center of Agricultural Research (CRRA) Sidi Bouzid, Gafsa Road Km 6, PB 357, Sidi Bouzid 9100, Tunisia;
- National Research Institute for Rural Engineering, Water and Forestry (INRGREF), University of Carthage, 10 Street Hédi Karray, Manzeh IV, Ariana 2080, Tunisia
| | - Emira Noumi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (E.N.); (M.A.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory of Bioressources—Integrative Biology & Recovery, High Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Kaïss Aouadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (E.N.); (M.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Khan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
| | - Adel Kadri
- Faculty of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Albaha University, P.O. Box 1988, Albaha 65731, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (E.N.); (M.A.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Taher Hadded BP 74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
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Avci G, Ulutas E, Ozdemir V, Kivrak I, Bulbul A. The positive effect of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) essential oil on thyroid hormones in rats with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13801. [PMID: 34080722 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In our study, the effect of essential oil obtained from Nigella sativa L. (NSE) on thyroid hormones and antioxidant balance in hypothyroidism (HT) and hyperthyroidism (HP) models induced by propylthiouracil(PTU) and L-thyroxine(LT4 ), respectively, in rats were investigated for 4 weeks. NSE was administered by gastric gavage at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight. In this study, 48 male Wistar albino rats with an average weight of 180-290 g and age 5-6 months were divided into eight groups, as follows: groups with HT, (1) control, (2) HT, (3) NSE, and (4) HT + NSE; groups with HP, (1) control, (2) HP, (3), and NSE (4) HP + NSE. As a result, we found that NSE administration increased total triiodothyronine (TT3 ) and decreased nitric oxide in HT + NSE. Besides, it decreased TT3 in HP + NSE and increased total antioxidant capacity. Our findings suggest that NSE may have beneficial effects on thyroid gland abnormalities owing to its antioxidant properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Essential oils derived from Nigella sativa L. seed contain many bioactive substances such as thymoquinone and cymene. This paper emphasizes the effect of NSE on thyroid hormone abnormalities and negative oxidative state that occurs in HT and HP models. The present study provides evidence of a positive effect of NSE particularly on TT3 levels in the HT and HP models. It can therefore be assumed that NSE could be used as a supportive natural alternative source to improve thyroid hormone levels and relieve increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcan Avci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Elmas Ulutas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bozok, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Vural Ozdemir
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Kivrak
- Food Analysis Application, Research Center, University of Mugla Sıtkı Kocman, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Aziz Bulbul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Milas Veterinary Medicine, University of Mugla Sıtkı Kocman, Mugla, Turkey
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Formiga RDO, Alves Júnior EB, Vasconcelos RC, Araújo AA, de Carvalho TG, de Araújo Junior RF, Guerra GBC, Vieira GC, de Oliveira KM, Diniz MDFFM, Sobral MV, Barbosa Filho JM, Spiller F, Batista LM. Effect of p-cymene and rosmarinic acid on gastric ulcer healing - Involvement of multiple endogenous curative mechanisms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 86:153497. [PMID: 33745762 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND p-Cymene and rosmarinic acid are secondary metabolites found in several medicinal plants and spices. Previous studies have demonstrated their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytoprotective effects. PURPOSE To evaluate their gastroduodenal antiulcer activity, gastric healing and toxicity in experimental models. METHODS Preventive antiulcer effects were assessed using oral pre-treatment on HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions and cysteamine-induced duodenal lesions models. Gastric healing, the underlining mechanisms and toxicity after repeated doses were carried out using the acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer rat model and oral treatment for 14 days. RESULTS In the HCl/ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and cysteamine-induced duodenal injury, p-cymene and rosmarinic acid (50-200 mg/kg) decreased significantly the ulcer area, and so prevented lesions formation. In the acetic acid-induced ulcer model, both compounds (200 mg/kg) markedly reduced the ulcerative injury. These effects were related to an increase in the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and interleukin (IL)-10, and due to a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, total and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Downregulation of factor nuclear kappa B (NFκB) and enhanced expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)3 were also demonstrated. Furthermore, positive vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and cyclooxygenase (COX-2)-stained cells were increased in treated groups. Treatment also upregulated the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in gastric tissues. In isolated gastric epithelial cells this healing effect seems to be linked to a modulation of apoptosis, proliferation, survival and protein phosphorylation, such as the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Oral toxicity investigation for 14 days revealed no alterations in heart, liver, spleen, and kidneys weight nor the biochemical and hematological assessed parameters. p-Cymene and rosmarinic acid also protected animals from body weight loss maintaining feed and water intake. CONCLUSIONS Data altogether suggest low toxicity, antiulcer and gastric healing activities of p-cymene and rosmarinic acid. Antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties seem to be involved in the curative effect as well as the induction of different factors linked to tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo de Oliveira Formiga
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Edvaldo Balbino Alves Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Roseane Carvalho Vasconcelos
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Aurigena Antunes Araújo
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Thaís Gomes de Carvalho
- Department of Morphology, Histology and Basic Pathology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | | | - Gerlane Bernardo Coelho Guerra
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Giciane Carvalho Vieira
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Kardilandia Mendes de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Margareth de Fátima Formiga Melo Diniz
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Marianna Vieira Sobral
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - José Maria Barbosa Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Spiller
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Leônia Maria Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
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Surbhi, Kumar A, Singh S, Kumari P, Rasane P. Eucalyptus: phytochemical composition, extraction methods and food and medicinal applications. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-021-00582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Balahbib A, El Omari N, Hachlafi NE, Lakhdar F, El Menyiy N, Salhi N, Mrabti HN, Bakrim S, Zengin G, Bouyahya A. Health beneficial and pharmacological properties of p-cymene. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112259. [PMID: 33984423 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
p-cymene also known as p-cymol or p-isopropyltoluene is an alkyl-substituted aromatic compound naturally occurring in essential oils (EOs) of various aromatic plants, including the genus of Artemisia, Protium, Origanum, and Thymus. It is related to the family of terpenes, especially monocyclic monoterpenes. p-cymene is also present in several food-based plants such as carrots, orange juice, grapefruit, tangerine, raspberries and several spices. Numerous studies have demonstrated the pharmacological properties of the monoterpenes p-cymene, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. The p-cymene has also been reported to act as an analgesic, antinociceptive, immunomodulatory, vasorelaxant and neuroprotective agent. Its anticancer effects are related to some mechanisms such as the inhibition of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In this review, we critically highlighted the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties of the p-cymene molecule, providing insight into its mechanisms of action and potential applications in drug discovery. In light of this finding, in-depth in vivo studies are strongly required to validate the safety and beneficial effects of the p-cymene molecule in human healthcare and industrial applications as a potential source of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, And Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohmed Ben Abdellah University, P.O.Box-2002, Imouzzer Road Fez, Morocco
| | - Fatima Lakhdar
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, ChouaibDoukkali University, BP 20, El Jadida, 24000, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and of Life (SNAMOPEQ). Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz. University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Najoua Salhi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, Valorization and Environment, Department of Sciences and Techniques, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Taroudant, Morocco
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, And Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
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Fayed EM, Abd-EIGawad AM, Elshamy AI, El-Halawany ESF, Ei-Amier YA. Essential Oil of Deverra tortuosa Aerial Parts: Detailed Chemical Profile, Allelopathic, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2000914. [PMID: 33606911 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are a promising group of natural products of the aromatic plants due to their various biological effects such as allelopathic, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities. The present study aimed to construct the detailed chemical profile of the EO derived from Deverra tortuosa aerial parts along with assessing its allelopathic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant potentialities. The EO was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The allelopathic activity of the EO was assessed against the germination and seedling growth of the weed Chenopodium murale. Also, the EO was tested against five microbes. The antioxidant activity was determined using the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). The GC/MS analysis of EO revealed the presence of 86 compounds with a preponderance of oxygenated sesquiterpenes and monoterpene hydrocarbons. Widdrol, β-phellandrene, piperitol, cubedol, α-terpinene, (E)-10-heptadecen-8-ynoic acid methyl ester, citronellyl tiglate, and m-cymene were the major compounds. A comparative profile was established between the EOs constituents of our study with the documented EOs of D. tortuosa and the other Deverra species around the world via agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) and principal components analysis (PCA). The EO showed a substantial allelopathic activity against C. murale, as well as it showed considerable antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Thereby, the EO of D. tortuosa could be considered as a promising environmental-friendly bioherbicide against weeds. Also, it could be integrated into food preservation due to its potent antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. However, further study is recommended for more characterization of the major compounds and evaluation of their activities, either singular or synergistic, and assess their efficiency and biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Fayed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abd-EIGawad
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.,Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelsamed I Elshamy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed F El-Halawany
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser A Ei-Amier
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Dougnon G, Ito M. Role of Ascaridole and p-Cymene in the Sleep-Promoting Effects of Dysphania ambrosioides Essential Oil via the GABAergic System in a ddY Mouse Inhalation Model. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:91-100. [PMID: 33325703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The essential oil obtained from Dysphania ambrosioides leaves (DAEO) has antifungal, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. This study investigated DAEO's chemical composition and its sleep-promoting effects via administration by inhalation in ddY mice. Ascaridole (35.5%) and p-cymene (47.2%) were the major components. To obtain insight into DAEO's effects on the central nervous system (CNS), ascaridole and p-cymene were evaluated for sedative activity by using the caffeine-treated excitatory mouse model. DAEO administration significantly decreased locomotor activity at all doses except 0.000 04 mg per 400 μL of triethyl citrate. Both ascaridole and p-cymene were highly effective in decreasing locomotor activity of excited mice by more than 50%. In addition, ascaridole and p-cymene prolonged the pentobarbital-induced sleeping duration by 42% and 77%, respectively. These effects were antagonized by coadministration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA)-benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, flumazenil (3 mg/kg), indicating that the GABAergic system mediates the sedative effect. Finally, inhaled ascaridole and p-cymene had no negative effect on motor coordination, as observed during the Rota-rod test. Therefore, via activation of the GABAergic system, ascaridole and p-cymene mediate the sleep-promoting effect of DAEO. The results further extend the knowledge on their use as potential promising natural products for the management of sleep disorders and CNS-related ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfried Dougnon
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Michiho Ito
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Hosny EN, Elhadidy ME, Sawie HG, Kilany A, Khadrawy YA. Effect of frankincense oil on the neurochemical changes induced in rat model of status epilepticus. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-019-0139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The current objective is to evaluate the effect of frankincense oil on the convulsions and the associated neurochemical alterations produced in pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus rat model.
Methods
Rats were divided randomly into: control, status epilepticus rat model and rat model of status epilepticus pretreated with frankincense oil daily for 5 days before pilocarpine treatment. On the fifth day, after pilocarpine injection, rats were observed to evaluate the severity of seizures for 2 h. The oxidative stress parameters malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione and nitric oxide, the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β and acetylcholinesterase were determined in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum. Dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin were measured in the cortex and striatum.
Results
The status epilepticus model exhibited repetitive seizures in the form of generalized tonic- clonic convulsions after 30 min. of pilocarpine injection. This was associated with a significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide and a significant decrease in reduced glutathione in the three regions. A significant increase was also observed in interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and acetylcholinesterase. In the cortex and striatum, a significant decrease was recorded in monoamine levels. Pretreatment of rat model of status epilepticus with frankincense oil decreased the severity of seizures that appeared in the form of tremors and facial automatisms and prevented the increase in malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and acetylcholinesterase and the decrease in reduced glutathione induced by pilocarpine in the studied brain regions. Frankincense oil failed to restore the decreased level of cortical serotonin and dopamine. In the striatum, frankincense oil improved the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine but failed to restore the decreased dopamine levels.
Conclusion
It is clear from the present results that frankincense oil reduced the severity of seizures induced by pilocarpine. This could be mediated by its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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ÖZER Z. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Leaf and Flower Essential Oils of Origanum onites L. Growing in Mount Ida-Turkey. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.780334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Fakhri S, Pesce M, Patruno A, Moradi SZ, Iranpanah A, Farzaei MH, Sobarzo-Sánchez E. Attenuation of Nrf2/Keap1/ARE in Alzheimer's Disease by Plant Secondary Metabolites: A Mechanistic Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214926. [PMID: 33114450 PMCID: PMC7663041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neuronal/cognitional dysfunction, leading to disability and death. Despite advances in revealing the pathophysiological mechanisms behind AD, no effective treatment has yet been provided. It urges the need for finding novel multi-target agents in combating the complex dysregulated mechanisms in AD. Amongst the dysregulated pathophysiological pathways in AD, oxidative stress seems to play a critical role in the pathogenesis progression of AD, with a dominant role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1)/antioxidant responsive elements (ARE) pathway. In the present study, a comprehensive review was conducted using the existing electronic databases, including PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus, as well as related articles in the field. Nrf2/Keap1/ARE has shown to be the upstream orchestrate of oxidative pathways, which also ameliorates various inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. So, developing multi-target agents with higher efficacy and lower side effects could pave the road in the prevention/management of AD. The plant kingdom is now a great source of natural secondary metabolites in targeting Nrf2/Keap1/ARE. Among natural entities, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpene/terpenoids, carotenoids, sulfur-compounds, as well as some other miscellaneous plant-derived compounds have shown promising future accordingly. Prevailing evidence has shown that activating Nrf2/ARE and downstream antioxidant enzymes, as well as inhibiting Keap1 could play hopeful roles in overcoming AD. The current review highlights the neuroprotective effects of plant secondary metabolites through targeting Nrf2/Keap1/ARE and downstream interconnected mediators in combating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio CH-PE, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio CH-PE, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8330507, Chile
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Santana RC, Rosa ADS, Mateus MHDS, Soares DC, Atella G, Guimarães AC, Siani AC, Ramos MFS, Saraiva EM, Pinto-da-Silva LH. In vitro leishmanicidal activity of monoterpenes present in two species of Protium (Burseraceae) on Leishmania amazonensis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 259:112981. [PMID: 32442591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of people around the world. Parasite resistance and the toxicity to the current treatments lead to the search for new effective molecules. Plants are widely used in traditional and indigenous medicine to treat different diseases. The oleoresin of the genus Protium, which is rich in volatile compounds active against different microorganisms, is among these plants. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the leishmanicidal potential of Protium altsonii (PaEO) and P. hebetatum (PhEO) (Burseraceae) oleoresins, as well as of three representative monoterpenes in their constitution: α-pinene, p-cymene and 1,8-cineole. MATERIALS AND METHODS Protium altsonii (PaEO) and P. hebetatum (PhEO) oleoresins and three of their constituents were tested in vitro on promastigotes and amastigotes-infected macrophages in different concentrations. Their toxicity for macrophages was analyzed by XTT assay and phagocytic ability. It was evaluated the ability of the compounds to induce NO production on treated-macrophages using Griess reaction and the effect of them in lipid profile on treated-parasite through Thin Layer Chromatography. RESULTS Our data showed that both essential oils have toxic effect on promastigotes and amastigotes of L. amazonensis in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. PaEO IC50 were 14.8 μg/mL and 7.8 μg/mL and PhEO IC50s were 0.46 μg/mL and 30.5 μg/m for promastigotes and amastigotes, respectively. Toxicity to macrophages was not observed at 50 μg/mL with both EOs. The compounds 1,8- cineole, α-pinene, and p-cymene inhibited amastigotes survival in a dose-dependent manner with IC50s of 48.4 μg/mL, 37 μg/mL, 46 μg/mL, respectively. Macrophage viability was around 90% even at 200 μg/mL and the phagocytic capacity was not altered in the treated-macrophages to up 50 μg/mL. The compounds were not able to modulate the nitric oxide production either at rest or LPS-activated macrophages. In addition, treated promastigote revealed an important change in their lipid profile after 48 h at 50 μg/mL in the presence of the compounds. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that oleoresins of Protium genus are potent against Leishmania and α-pinene, p-cymene and 1,8-cineole have anti-Leishmania properties that could be explored in synergistic assays in order to develop new drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raissa Couto Santana
- Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alice Dos Santos Rosa
- Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Deivid Costa Soares
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Georgia Atella
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Monica Freiman S Ramos
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elvira Maria Saraiva
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucia H Pinto-da-Silva
- Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
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Akinwumi KA, Jubril AJ, Olaniyan OO, Umar YY. Ethanol extract of Nigella sativa has antioxidant and ameliorative effect against nickel chloride-induced hepato-renal injury in rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-020-00205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Nickel exposure causes hepato-renal toxicity via oxidative stress. Medicinal plants with antioxidants properties are being explored as treatment options. In this study, the effect of ethanol extract of Nigella sativa (ENS) on nickel chloride (NiCl2)-induced hepato-renal damage was evaluated by monitoring biochemical and oxidative stress markers. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity and phytochemical constituents of ENS were quantified using HPLC and GC-MS.
Result
NiCl2 significantly increased (p < 0.05) aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, sodium ion, chloride ion and malondialdehyde levels, while antioxidant enzymes were decreased in the organs except for kidney glutathione-S-transferase when compared to the control. However, ENS exerted inhibitory effect against NiCl2 toxicity in both organs by reversing the biomarkers towards control levels. ENS has a high antioxidant capacity and is rich in antioxidants including gallic acid, quercetin, eucalyptol and levomenthol that may have accounted for the improvement of hepato-renal health in co-exposed rats.
Conclusion
Our result suggests that amelioration of nickel chloride-induced hepato-renal pathology by ethanol extract of Nigella sativa was related to its antioxidant properties. Therefore, Nigella sativa could be valuable in the management of nickel-induced toxicity.
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Formiga RDO, Alves Júnior EB, Vasconcelos RC, Guerra GCB, Antunes de Araújo A, de Carvalho TG, Garcia VB, de Araújo Junior RF, Gadelha FAAF, Vieira GC, Sobral MV, Barbosa Filho JM, Spiller F, Batista LM. p-Cymene and Rosmarinic Acid Ameliorate TNBS-Induced Intestinal Inflammation Upkeeping ZO-1 and MUC-2: Role of Antioxidant System and Immunomodulation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5870. [PMID: 32824269 PMCID: PMC7461622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
p-Cymene (p-C) and rosmarinic acid (RA) are secondary metabolites that are present in medicinal herbs and Mediterranean spices that have promising anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate their intestinal anti-inflammatory activity in the trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model in rats. p-C and RA (25-200 mg/kg) oral administration reduced the macroscopic lesion score, ulcerative area, intestinal weight/length ratio, and diarrheal index in TNBS-treated animals. Both compounds (200 mg/kg) decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), restored glutathione (GSH) levels, and enhanced fluorescence intensity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). They also decreased interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and maintained IL-10 basal levels. Furthermore, they modulated T cell populations (cluster of differentiation (CD)4+, CD8+, or CD3+CD4+CD25+) analyzed from the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and colon samples, and also decreased cyclooxigenase 2 (COX-2), interferon (IFN)-γ, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and nuclear transcription factor kappa B subunit p65 (NFκB-p65) mRNA transcription, but only p-C interfered in the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression in inflamed colons. An increase in gene expression and positive cells immunostained for mucin type 2 (MUC-2) and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) was observed. Altogether, these results indicate intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of p-C and RA involving the cytoprotection of the intestinal barrier, maintaining the mucus layer, and preserving communicating junctions, as well as through modulation of the antioxidant and immunomodulatory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo de Oliveira Formiga
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051970, Brazil; (R.d.O.F); (E.B.A.J.); (F.A.A.F.G.); (G.C.V.); (M.V.S.); (J.M.B.F.)
| | - Edvaldo Balbino Alves Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051970, Brazil; (R.d.O.F); (E.B.A.J.); (F.A.A.F.G.); (G.C.V.); (M.V.S.); (J.M.B.F.)
| | - Roseane Carvalho Vasconcelos
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, Brazil; (R.C.V); (G.C.B.G.); (A.A.d.A.)
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, Brazil; (R.C.V); (G.C.B.G.); (A.A.d.A.)
| | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, Brazil; (R.C.V); (G.C.B.G.); (A.A.d.A.)
| | - Thaís Gomes de Carvalho
- Department of Morphology, Histology and Basic Pathology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, Brazil; (T.G.d.C.); (V.B.G.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
| | - Vinícius Barreto Garcia
- Department of Morphology, Histology and Basic Pathology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, Brazil; (T.G.d.C.); (V.B.G.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Junior
- Department of Morphology, Histology and Basic Pathology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, Brazil; (T.G.d.C.); (V.B.G.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
| | - Francisco Allysson Assis Ferreira Gadelha
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051970, Brazil; (R.d.O.F); (E.B.A.J.); (F.A.A.F.G.); (G.C.V.); (M.V.S.); (J.M.B.F.)
| | - Giciane Carvalho Vieira
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051970, Brazil; (R.d.O.F); (E.B.A.J.); (F.A.A.F.G.); (G.C.V.); (M.V.S.); (J.M.B.F.)
| | - Marianna Vieira Sobral
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051970, Brazil; (R.d.O.F); (E.B.A.J.); (F.A.A.F.G.); (G.C.V.); (M.V.S.); (J.M.B.F.)
| | - José Maria Barbosa Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051970, Brazil; (R.d.O.F); (E.B.A.J.); (F.A.A.F.G.); (G.C.V.); (M.V.S.); (J.M.B.F.)
| | - Fernando Spiller
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis 88037-000, Brazil;
| | - Leônia Maria Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051970, Brazil; (R.d.O.F); (E.B.A.J.); (F.A.A.F.G.); (G.C.V.); (M.V.S.); (J.M.B.F.)
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Abstract
Cinnamomum is a genus of the family Lauraceae, which has been recognized worldwide as an important genus due to its beneficial uses. A great deal of research on its phytochemistry and pharmacological effects has been conducted. It is noteworthy that terpenoids are the characteristic of Cinnamomum due to the peculiar structures and significant biological effects. For a more in-depth study and the better use of Cinnamomum plants in the future, the chemical structures and biological effects of terpenoids obtained from Cinnamomum were summarized in the present study. To date, a total of 181 terpenoids with various skeletons have been isolated from Cinnamomum. These compounds have been demonstrated to play an important role in immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. However, studies on the bioactive components from Cinnamomum plants have only focused on a dozen species. Hence, further studies on the potential pharmacological effects need to be conducted in the future.
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Diniz do Nascimento L, Barbosa de Moraes AA, Santana da Costa K, Pereira Galúcio JM, Taube PS, Leal Costa CM, Neves Cruz J, de Aguiar Andrade EH, Guerreiro de Faria LJ. Bioactive Natural Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Spice Plants: New Findings and Potential Applications. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10070988. [PMID: 32630297 PMCID: PMC7407208 DOI: 10.3390/biom10070988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spice plants have a great influence on world history. For centuries, different civilizations have used them to condiment the foods of kings and nobles and applied them as embalming preservatives, perfumes, cosmetics, and medicines in different regions of the world. In general, these plants have formed the basis of traditional medicine and some of their derived substances have been utilized to treat different human diseases. Essential oils (EOs) obtained from these plants have been also used as therapeutic agents and have shown supportive uses in remedial practices. The discovery and development of bioactive compounds from these natural products, based on their traditional uses, play an important role in developing the scientific evidence of their potential pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food applications. In the present review, using recent studies, we exhibit a general overview of the main aspects related to the importance of spice plants widely used in traditional medicine: Cinnamomum zeylanicum (true cinnamon), Mentha piperita (peppermint), Ocimum basilicum (basil), Origanum vulgare (oregano), Piper nigrum (black pepper), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary), and Thymus vulgaris (thyme); and we discuss new findings of the bioactive compounds obtained from their EOs, their potential applications, as well as their molecular mechanisms of action, focusing on their antioxidant activity. We also exhibit the main in vitro methods applied to determine the antioxidant activities of these natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiane Diniz do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Recursos Naturais da Amazônia, Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075110, Brazil;
- Laboratório Adolpho Ducke, Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém 66077-830, Brazil; (A.A.B.d.M.); (J.N.C.); (E.H.d.A.A.)
- Correspondence: or (L.D.d.N.); (K.S.d.C.); Tel.: +55-91-3217-6086 (L.D.d.N.); +55-93-2101-6771 (K.S.d.C.)
| | - Angelo Antônio Barbosa de Moraes
- Laboratório Adolpho Ducke, Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém 66077-830, Brazil; (A.A.B.d.M.); (J.N.C.); (E.H.d.A.A.)
| | - Kauê Santana da Costa
- Instituto de Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Vera Paz Street, w/n Salé, Santarém 68040-255, Brazil; (J.M.P.G.); (P.S.T.)
- Correspondence: or (L.D.d.N.); (K.S.d.C.); Tel.: +55-91-3217-6086 (L.D.d.N.); +55-93-2101-6771 (K.S.d.C.)
| | - João Marcos Pereira Galúcio
- Instituto de Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Vera Paz Street, w/n Salé, Santarém 68040-255, Brazil; (J.M.P.G.); (P.S.T.)
| | - Paulo Sérgio Taube
- Instituto de Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Vera Paz Street, w/n Salé, Santarém 68040-255, Brazil; (J.M.P.G.); (P.S.T.)
| | - Cristiane Maria Leal Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075110, Brazil;
| | - Jorddy Neves Cruz
- Laboratório Adolpho Ducke, Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém 66077-830, Brazil; (A.A.B.d.M.); (J.N.C.); (E.H.d.A.A.)
| | - Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade
- Laboratório Adolpho Ducke, Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém 66077-830, Brazil; (A.A.B.d.M.); (J.N.C.); (E.H.d.A.A.)
| | - Lênio José Guerreiro de Faria
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Recursos Naturais da Amazônia, Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075110, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075110, Brazil;
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Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Radical Scavenging Activity of Essential Oils from Satureja macrantha C.A.Mey. at Different Growth Stages. Foods 2020; 9:foods9040494. [PMID: 32295101 PMCID: PMC7230864 DOI: 10.3390/foods9040494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) from medicinal and aromatic plants are interesting products to be used as natural food preservatives. The EOs from the genus Satureja are reported to inhibit foodborne pathogens being worthy of use as food preservatives. Satureja macrantha is found in Western and Northwest Iran and commonly used as a food flavoring agent and for the treatment of urinary diseases. The objective of the present study was to identify the chemical composition of S. macrantha EOs at different growth stages (vegetative, flowering and fruiting stages) and to evaluate their biological activities. Chemical compositions were analyzed using GC-FID and GC-MS. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the broth microdilution method against the foodborne pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC23922), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC29212) (Gram-positive), Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC13046) and Escherichia coli. The antioxidant activity was estimated using the DPPH, ABTS and reducing power assays. The yields of S. macrantha EOs were in the range of 1.4–1.8%, thus scalable for the manufacture of food preservatives on an industrial level. The main compounds of EOs were carvacrol (42.7–48.2%), thymol (0.2–16.5%), p-cymene (10.1–14.7%) and γ-terpinene (7.9–9.1%) in all phenological stages examined. The strongest antibacterial activity (MICs = 5–20 µg/mL) of the EOs was recorded in samples obtained during the flowering stage where carvacrol (42.7%) and thymol (16.5) were present both at high percentages. On the other hand, the antioxidant activity was found to be slightly higher in the other stages. As the EO obtained at flowering showed the best inhibitory properties against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, it is suggested that plants at this stage can be selected as main sources of food preservative agents.
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The phenolic contents, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activity of section Amaracus (Gled.) Vogel and Anatolicon Ietsw. of Origanum L. species. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] Open
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47
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Therapeutic Potential of Volatile Terpenes and Terpenoids from Forests for Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062187. [PMID: 32235725 PMCID: PMC7139849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Forest trees are a major source of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Terpenes and terpenoids are known as the main BVOCs of forest aerosols. These compounds have been shown to display a broad range of biological activities in various human disease models, thus implying that forest aerosols containing these compounds may be related to beneficial effects of forest bathing. In this review, we surveyed studies analyzing BVOCs and selected the most abundant 23 terpenes and terpenoids emitted in forested areas of the Northern Hemisphere, which were reported to display anti-inflammatory activities. We categorized anti-inflammatory processes related to the functions of these compounds into six groups and summarized their molecular mechanisms of action. Finally, among the major 23 compounds, we examined the therapeutic potentials of 12 compounds known to be effective against respiratory inflammation, atopic dermatitis, arthritis, and neuroinflammation among various inflammatory diseases. In conclusion, the updated studies support the beneficial effects of forest aerosols and propose their potential use as chemopreventive and therapeutic agents for treating various inflammatory diseases.
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Shaikh A, Ibrahim M, Khan M. Effect of Ficus glomerata leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced early diabetic complications and its characterization by LC-MS. EXCLI JOURNAL 2020; 19:33-47. [PMID: 32038115 PMCID: PMC7003634 DOI: 10.17179/excli2019-1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder that leads to various micro-vascular complications. The present study elucidated the effect of chloroform extract of leaves of Ficus glomerata (CHFG) in streptozotocin-induced early diabetic renal and neural complications. Wistar rats were injected with STZ (55 mg/kg, i.p.) to produce experimental diabetes. Two weeks after the stabilization of diabetes, CHFG extract at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg (CHFG 200 and CHFG 400) and metformin at the dose of 250 mg/kg (Met 250) was administered to the diabetic rats for further two weeks. Diabetic rats showed an increase in blood glucose, plasma urea, uric acid, creatinine, triglyceride, and total cholesterol level. The change in behavioral parameters such as thermal hyperalgesia and cold allodynia with compromised sciatic nerve and kidney antioxidant status were seen in diabetic rats. Diabetic rats treated with CHFG 200, CHFG 400, and Met 250 showed a decrease in blood glucose, plasma urea, uric acid, creatinine, triglyceride, and total cholesterol level. Also, it improved altered behavioral parameters such as thermal hyperalgesia and cold allodynia. It also restored the sciatic nerve and kidney antioxidant status. The results of kidney and sciatic nerves histopathological study were in line with the results of biochemical parameters that confirmed the favorable role of CHFG. Characterization of CHFG by LC-MS revealed the presence of diverse phytoconstituents, which might be responsible for its protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abusufyan Shaikh
- School of Pharmacy, Anjuman-I-Islam's Kalsekar Technical Campus, New Panvel, Maharashtra, affiliated to Mumbai University, Mumbai, India.,Research Scholar, JNTUH, Kukatpally, Telangana, India
| | | | - Mohib Khan
- Oriental College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
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Ashrafizadeh M, Ahmadi Z, Mohammadinejad R, Kaviyani N, Tavakol S. Monoterpenes modulating autophagy: A review study. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 126:9-20. [PMID: 31237736 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
From the beginning of the 21st century, much attention has been made towards the medicinal herbs due to their low side effects and valuable biological activities. Among them, terpenes comprise a large group of naturally occurring chemical compounds that are considered as main components of flavours, antifeedants and pheromones. Monoterpenes have demonstrated a favourable profile as compounds that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective and anti-tumour activities. On the other hand, autophagy is a 'self-digestion' mechanism which plays a remarkable role in a number of pathological conditions such as cancer, ageing, metabolic disorders and infection. Also, autophagy is considered as a stress adaptor that may lead to apoptotic cell death under severe and sustained stress. Autophagy modulation is a promising strategy in cancer treatment, and a variety of drugs have been designed in line with this strategy. In the present MiniReview, we discuss the effects of monoterpenes on autophagy and its relationship with therapeutic impacts of monoterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- NanoBioEletrochemistry Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Zahra Ahmadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nasim Kaviyani
- Department of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Shima Tavakol
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Anastasiou TI, Mandalakis M, Krigas N, Vézignol T, Lazari D, Katharios P, Dailianis T, Antonopoulou E. Comparative Evaluation of Essential Oils from Medicinal-Aromatic Plants of Greece: Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity against Bacterial Fish Pathogens. Molecules 2019; 25:E148. [PMID: 31905915 PMCID: PMC6982863 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The administration of antibiotics in aquaculture has raised concern about the impact of their overuse in marine ecosystems, seafood safety and consumers' health. This "green consumerism" has forced researchers to find new alternatives against fish pathogens. The present study focused on 12 Mediterranean medicinal-aromatic plants as potential antimicrobials and antioxidant agents that could be used in fish aquaculture. In vitro assays showed that the essential oils (EOs) from all studied plants had anti-bacterial and antioxidant properties, with their efficacy being dependent on their chemical composition. More specifically, EOs rich in carvacrol, p-cymene and γ-terpinene exhibited not only the strongest inhibitory activity against the growth of bacterial pathogens (inhibitory concentration: 26-88 μg mL-1), but also the greatest total antioxidant capacity (ABTS: 2591-5879 μmole mL-1; CUPRAC: 931-2733 μmole mL-1). These compounds were mainly found in the EOs from Greek oregano (Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum), Spanish oregano (Thymbra capitata) and savoury (Satureja thymbra) collected from cultivations in Greece. The specific EOs stand out as promising candidates for the treatment of bacterial diseases and oxidative stress in farmed fish. Further in vivo experiments are needed to fully understand the effects of EO dietary supplementation on fish farming processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thekla I. Anastasiou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (T.I.A.); (T.V.); (P.K.); (T.D.)
| | - Manolis Mandalakis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (T.I.A.); (T.V.); (P.K.); (T.D.)
| | - Nikos Krigas
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, P.O. Box 60458, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Thomas Vézignol
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (T.I.A.); (T.V.); (P.K.); (T.D.)
| | - Diamanto Lazari
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Pantelis Katharios
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (T.I.A.); (T.V.); (P.K.); (T.D.)
| | - Thanos Dailianis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (T.I.A.); (T.V.); (P.K.); (T.D.)
| | - Efthimia Antonopoulou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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