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Silva JCC, Caldeira MO, Moraes JGN, Sellmer Ramos I, Gull T, Ericsson AC, Poock SE, Spencer TE, Lucy MC. Metritis and the uterine disease microbiome are associated with long-term changes in the endometrium of dairy cows†. Biol Reprod 2024; 111:332-350. [PMID: 38704744 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cows with metritis (uterine disease) during the first 1 to 2 weeks postpartum have lower pregnancy rates when inseminated later postpartum (typically >10 weeks). We hypothesized that metritis and the disease-associated uterine microbiome have a long-term effect on endometrial gene expression. Changes in gene expression may inform a mechanism through which disease lowers pregnancy rates. A total of 20 cows were enrolled at 1 to 2 weeks postpartum to either metritis (clinical disease; n = 10) or healthy (control; n = 10) groups and randomly assigned to be slaughtered at approximately 80 and 165 dpp (mid-lactation). The microbiome of the reproductive tract was sampled to confirm the presence of pathogens that are typical of metritis. In addition to the original clinical diagnosis, study cows were retrospectively assigned to uterine-disease and control groups based on the composition of their microbiome. There was no effect of early postpartum uterine disease on the uterine microbiome at mid-lactation (time of slaughter). Nonetheless, early postpartum metritis and the disease microbiome were associated with a large number of differentially-expressed genes at mid-lactation primarily in the caruncular compared with the inter-caruncular endometrium. Gene enrichment analysis identified oxidative phosphorylation as the primary pathway increased in caruncular endometrium of diseased cows whereas growth factor signaling pathways were reduced. The current study demonstrated that metritis and a uterine disease microbiome leave a sustained imprint on gene expression in the caruncular endometrium that may explain lower fertility in cows with postpartum uterine disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane C C Silva
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Monica O Caldeira
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Joao G N Moraes
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Isabella Sellmer Ramos
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Tamara Gull
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Aaron C Ericsson
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Scott E Poock
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Matthew C Lucy
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
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Juli MSB, Boe-Hansen GB, Raza A, Forutan M, Ong CT, Siddle HV, Tabor AE. A systematic review of predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic biomarkers for detecting reproductive diseases in cattle using traditional and omics approaches. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 165:104315. [PMID: 39154625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Reproductive diseases and illnesses pose significant challenges in cattle farming, affecting fertility, milk production, and overall herd health. In recent years, the integration of various omics approaches, including transcriptomics, proteomics, metagenomics, miRNAomics, and metabolomics, has revolutionized the study of these conditions. This systematic review summarised the findings from studies that investigated reproductive disease biomarkers in both male and female cattle. After extracting 6137 studies according to exclusion and inclusion criteria, a total of 60 studies were included in this review. All studies identified were associated with female cattle and none were related to reproductive diseases in bulls. The analysis highlights specific biomarkers, metabolic pathways, and microbial compositions associated with bovine reproductive disease conditions, providing valuable insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-8, IL-4, IL-6, TNFα and acute-phase response proteins such as SAA and HP have been identified as promising biomarkers for bovine reproductive diseases. However, further research is needed to validate these markers clinically and to explore potential strategies for improving cow reproductive health. The role of bulls as carriers of venereal diseases has been underestimated in the current literature and therefore needs more attention to understand their impact on infectious reproductive diseases of female cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Sogra Banu Juli
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
| | - Gry B Boe-Hansen
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia.
| | - Ali Raza
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
| | - Mehrnush Forutan
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
| | - Chian Teng Ong
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
| | - Hannah V Siddle
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
| | - Ala E Tabor
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Borchardt S, Burnett TA, Drillich M, Wagener K, van Burgstedten JGJ, Madureira AML. Association of uterine health in the first lactation with transition cow health and reproductive performance in the second lactation of Holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00940-8. [PMID: 38908710 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-24699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of puerperal metritis (PM) diagnosed and treated during the early postpartum period of the first lactation on transition cow health, milk production, reproduction, and culling of dairy cows in their second lactation. Diagnosis of PM was based on fetid watery red-brown uterine discharge and rectal temperature above 39.5°C. Two farms were enrolled in this retrospective observational cohort study (Farm A and B). In both farms, the following diseases were recorded during the first 30 DIM in lactation 1 and 2: clinical hypocalcemia (CH), retained fetal membrane (RFM), PM, hyperketonemia (KET), left displaced abomasum (LDA) and clinical mastitis (MAST). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows separately for each farm. Linear and logistic regression models were used for continuous (e.g., milk yield) and binary (e.g., disease, pregnancy per AI, pregnancy loss) outcomes, respectively. Cox proportional hazard regression models were calculated to model the time to event outcomes for culling or death during the first 60 DIM and for pregnancy within 250 d of the second lactation. The initial models contained the following variables: year of calving, month of calving, calving ease, stillbirth, twins, days open in lactation 1, 305 d milk yield in lactation 1, PM in lactation 1, and PM in lactation 2 as explanatory variables. A total of 4,834 cows (Farm A) and 4,238 cows (Farm B) in the second lactation were considered for statistical analyses. On farm A, the incidence of PM in lactation 1 and 2 was 20.1% and 11.2%, respectively. On farm B, the incidence of PM in lactation 1 and 2 was 14.4% and 8.5%, respectively. On both farms, cows with PM in their first lactation had greater odds for RFM and PM in their second lactation, while there was no association of PM in the first lactation with any other non-uterine diseases (i.e., CH, KET, LDA, and MAST) in the second lactation. Cows with PM in lactation 2 had reduced milk yield. The reduction in milk yield in second lactation was greater for cows that already experienced PM in lactation 1. On Farm A, cows with PM in their first lactation had a greater hazard for culling within 60 DIM of the second lactation; however, the same association was not present on Farm B. Cows with PM in lactation 1 had reduced pregnancy per AI at first service in the second lactation only on farm B. Cows with PM in lactation 2 had reduced pregnancy per AI at first service in the second lactation on both farms. Pregnancy loss in lactation 2 was only associated with PM in lactation 2 but not with PM in lactation 1. On both farms, cows had a reduced hazard for pregnancy in their second lactation within 250 DIM when they experienced PM in either lactation. In conclusion, PM in the first lactation had long-lasting negative consequences (i.e., risk of uterine disease and lower reproductive performance) for cows in their next lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Borchardt
- Farm Animal Clinic, Division for Ruminants and Camelids, Unit for Reproduction Medicine and Udder Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
| | - T A Burnett
- University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, Ontario, N0P 2C0, Canada
| | - M Drillich
- Farm Animal Clinic, Division for Ruminants and Camelids, Unit for Reproduction Medicine and Udder Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - K Wagener
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management, Clinical Centre for Ruminant and Camelid Medicine, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - A M L Madureira
- University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, Ontario, N0P 2C0, Canada
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Yáñez U, Álvarez J, Pisón C, Acción A, Becerra JJ, Jiménez A, Gisbert P, Herradón PG, Peña AI, Prieto A, Díaz-Cao JM, Quintela LA. Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Relationship between Reproductive Performance and the Presence of Antibodies against Coxiellosis in Dairy Farm Milk Tanks in the Northwest of Spain. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:367. [PMID: 38338010 PMCID: PMC10854522 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Q fever is a zoonotic disease that has been associated with reproductive problems in animals. As there is little epidemiological data regarding the distribution and risk factors of this disorder in cattle, the objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii among dairy herds in the northwest of Spain, and to determine the on-farm risk factors associated with the disease and its effects on reproductive performance. Bulk tank milk (BTM) samples were collected from 262 commercial dairy herds from A Coruña, Lugo, and Pontevedra provinces. Data about location, mean age, and herd management features were obtained. A commercial indirect ELISA kit was used to determine the presence of antibodies against C. burnetii in BTM samples. The relationship between seropositivity to C. burnetii and the risk factors was checked using a Pearson's χ2 test and a classification tree analysis. In addition, a one-way ANOVA test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to check the impact of seropositivity to C. burnetii on reproductive performance. A total of 60.1% of the farms tested positive for coxiellosis, the herd size, the external purchase of livestock, and the geographical area were identified as the main risk factors. Conception rate and first-service conception rate were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in positive farms (37.1 and 32.9%) compared to negative farms (39.8 and 36.1%). Similarly, positive farms had significant higher incidence of endometritis (13.7% vs. 11.2%, p < 0.05). Consequently, a high seropositivity and slightly negative effects of coxiellosis on reproductive performance were observed, which intensifies the need for further research, including the identification an active infection in positive herds and the characterization of the genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uxía Yáñez
- Unit of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (U.Y.); (J.Á.); (C.P.); (A.A.); (J.J.B.); (P.G.H.); (A.I.P.)
| | - Jacobo Álvarez
- Unit of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (U.Y.); (J.Á.); (C.P.); (A.A.); (J.J.B.); (P.G.H.); (A.I.P.)
| | - Cristina Pisón
- Unit of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (U.Y.); (J.Á.); (C.P.); (A.A.); (J.J.B.); (P.G.H.); (A.I.P.)
| | - Antía Acción
- Unit of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (U.Y.); (J.Á.); (C.P.); (A.A.); (J.J.B.); (P.G.H.); (A.I.P.)
| | - Juan J. Becerra
- Unit of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (U.Y.); (J.Á.); (C.P.); (A.A.); (J.J.B.); (P.G.H.); (A.I.P.)
- IBADER, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.D.-C.)
| | - Antonio Jiménez
- CEVA SALUD ANIMAL S.A., Avda. Diagonal 609-615, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Philippe Gisbert
- CEVA SANTE ANIMALE, Avenue de la Ballastière 10, 33500 Libourne, France;
| | - Pedro G. Herradón
- Unit of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (U.Y.); (J.Á.); (C.P.); (A.A.); (J.J.B.); (P.G.H.); (A.I.P.)
- IBADER, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.D.-C.)
| | - Ana I. Peña
- Unit of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (U.Y.); (J.Á.); (C.P.); (A.A.); (J.J.B.); (P.G.H.); (A.I.P.)
| | - Alberto Prieto
- IBADER, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.D.-C.)
- INVESAGA Group, Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - José M. Díaz-Cao
- IBADER, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.D.-C.)
- INVESAGA Group, Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Luis A. Quintela
- Unit of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (U.Y.); (J.Á.); (C.P.); (A.A.); (J.J.B.); (P.G.H.); (A.I.P.)
- IBADER, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.P.); (J.M.D.-C.)
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Engelking LE, Oba M. Peripartum factors associated with variation in voluntary postpartum hay intake in dairy cows. JDS COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:23-27. [PMID: 38223377 PMCID: PMC10785249 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2023-0394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to assess variation in postpartum hay intake when offered alongside total mixed ration (TMR) as free choice, and identify factors related to the hay intake. Twenty multiparous cows were fed a closeup TMR (21.5% starch, 39.1% neutral detergent fiber [NDF] on a dry matter [DM] basis). After calving, cows were offered free choice timothy hay (61.6% NDF, 9.6% crude protein) in addition to a fresh cow TMR (26.8% starch, 33.0% NDF) for the first 5 d postpartum. Cows were fed individually with separate mangers for TMR and hay, each offered ad libitum. Prepartum DM intake (DMI) was recorded, and baseline blood samples were collected after calving, but before the first postpartum feeding. Free choice hay intake ranged from 0 to 4.7 kg/d (DM basis) or 0 to 55.2% (% of total DMI). Cows that consumed more hay (% of total DMI) from d 1 through 5 postpartum had lower DMI 2 d before calving (r = -0.63), and greater baseline concentrations of plasma β-hydroxybutyrate (r = 0.60) and serum haptoglobin (r = 0.68). Additionally, hay intake (% of total DMI) from d 1 through 5 postpartum tended to be positively related to baseline plasma fatty acid concentration (r = 0.41). These findings suggest that cows with lower intake before calving and cows with greater ketone production and inflammation at calving may consume more hay, when offered separate from TMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Engelking
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - M Oba
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
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Beletić A, Kuleš J, Rešetar Maslov D, Farkaš V, Rubić I, Beer Ljubić B, Đuričić D, Žubčić D, Samardžija M, Mrljak V. Profiling the alterations of serum proteome in dairy cows with retained placenta using high-throughput tandem mass tags quantitative approach. Vet Q 2023; 43:1-13. [PMID: 36588465 PMCID: PMC9848263 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2164908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retained placenta (RP), a quite common disorder in dairy cows, shows a high negative impact on their health status and milk production. AIM To investigate the difference in the serum proteome between the cows with RP and the physiologic puerperium (PP). MATERIAL & METHODS Analysis of serum samples from nine cows with RP and six with PP using high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry approach. The proteins differing in the relative abundance between the PP and RP groups were classified using the Protein Analysis Through Evolutionary Relationship tool. For the pathway enrichment analysis, the REACTOME tool, with the human genome as the background, was employed. The criterion for significance was the false discovery rate corrected P-value less than 0.05. RESULTS In total 651 proteins were identified with altered relative abundance of ten proteins. Among them, seven had higher, and three showed lower relative abundance in RP than in the PP group. The differently abundant proteins participated in 15 pathways: six related to hemostasis, three involved in lipoprotein metabolism, and the remaining ones associated with for instance redox homeostasis, post-translational modification, and scavenging. Finally, the validation of the proteomic results showed that haptoglobin and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels reliably differentiated between the RP and PP groups. CONCLUSION The pattern of serum proteome alterations in the cows with RP mirrored several interplaying mechanisms underlying the systematic response to the presence of RP, therefore representing a source to mine for predictive or prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anđelo Beletić
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,CONTACT Anđelo Beletić Laboratory of Proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josipa Kuleš
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dina Rešetar Maslov
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Farkaš
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Rubić
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Blanka Beer Ljubić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Damir Žubčić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Samardžija
- Reproduction and Obstetrics Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Mrljak
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Kamada H, Matsui Y. Twelve-oxoeicosatetraenoic acid-induced fetal membrane release improves postpartum ovarian function, milk production, and blood plasma biochemical parameters in cows. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:1376-1383. [PMID: 36915933 PMCID: PMC10472153 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the effects of 12-oxoeicosatetraenoic acid (12-KETE)-induced placenta release on the performance of mother cows (milk yield, ovarian function, and blood plasma biochemical properties). METHODS Experimental treatments were as follows: i) natural delivery including natural placental release (control cows); ii) induced calf delivery with placental retention (RP cows); and iii) induced calf delivery and 12-KETE-induced placental release (KE cows). Delivery in pregnant KE cows was induced with dexamethasone and prostaglandin. These cows were injected with 12-KETE after calf discharge, resulting in the release of the fetal placenta. RP cows were not treated with 12-KETE after inducing delivery, resulting in placental retention. RESULTS The milk yield in RP cows during the first 50 days after delivery was significantly lower than that in control cows (p<0.05), whereas KE cows exhibited a similar milk yield to that of control cows. The postpartum plasma progesterone levels of control cows increased 14 days after delivery on average; however, its increase was delayed by 10 days in RP cows. Meanwhile, the 12-KETE treatment (KE cows) brought the timing of progesterone increase forward to the normal level (control cows). Among the 20 biochemical parameters examined, the total cholesterol levels in blood plasma 14 days after delivery were lower in RP cows than that in the other two treatment groups (control cows and KE cows) (p<0.05). In addition, the plasma level of haptoglobin tended to be low in cows that discharged their placentas shortly after delivery. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that 12-KETE treatment can alleviate the disorder caused by placental retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hachiro Kamada
- Institute of livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, 305-0901,
Japan
- Present address: Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO, Shimokuriyagawa, Morioka, 020-0198,
Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Matsui
- Hokkaido Research Organization, Agricultural Research Department, Dairy Research Center, Nakashibetsu, Hokkaido, 086-1135,
Japan
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Impact of Dystocia on Milk Production, Somatic Cell Count, Reproduction and Culling in Holstein Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030346. [PMID: 36766235 PMCID: PMC9913294 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dystocia on milk production, somatic cell count, reproductivity, disease, and milk production. A total of 2159 cows across 21 dairy farms in Alberta, Canada were enrolled in this study. Multivariable models were created to explore associations between outcome variables and calving ease score. In total, 89.5% of calvings were unassisted, 6.1% were an easy pull, and 4.3% were a moderate-hard pull. Cows that had a moderate-hard pull produced 4.01 kg less milk, 0.12 kg less volume of milk fat, and 0.12 kg less milk protein per day than those that had an unassisted calving. No difference was found between calving ease groups with respect to SCC. Cows with a moderate or hard pull produced 510 kg less milk per lactation than unassisted cows. Cows with a moderate to high level of assistance at birth had a higher hazard of being culled over the duration of their lactation. Cows with an easy pull had increased odds of developing a retained placenta. It is evident that assistance at calving, particularly a moderate-hard pull, is associated with significant impacts on future milk production and risk of being culled; therefore, efforts should be made to minimize dystocia and prevent these impacts.
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Schmitt R, Pieper L, Borchardt S, Swinkels J, Gelfert CC, Staufenbiel R. Effects of a single transdermal administration of flunixin meglumine in early postpartum Holstein Friesian dairy cows: Part 2. Milk yield, culling risk, and reproductive performance. J Dairy Sci 2022; 106:641-652. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-21995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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10
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Rossi RM, Cullens FM, Bacigalupo P, Sordillo LM, Abuelo A. Changes in biomarkers of metabolic stress during late gestation of dairy cows associated with colostrum volume and immunoglobulin content. J Dairy Sci 2022; 106:718-732. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Swartz T, Bryant D, Schramm H, Duncan A, White R, Wood C, Petersson-Wolfe C. The effects of dexamethasone administration on physiological, behavioral, and production parameters in dairy cows after a difficult calving. J Dairy Sci 2022; 106:653-663. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Riosa R, Ghaffari MH, Hammon HM, Süss D, Hoelker M, Drillich M, Parys C, Guyader J, Sauerwein H, Iwersen M. Identification and characterization of dairy cows with different backfat thickness antepartum in relation to postpartum loss of backfat thickness: A cluster analytic approach. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:6327-6338. [PMID: 35525619 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were (1) to characterize the interindividual variation in the relationship between antepartum (ap) backfat thickness (BFT) and subsequent BFT loss during early lactation in a large dairy herd using cluster analysis; (2) to compare the serum concentrations of metabolites (nonesterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate), metabolic hormones (leptin and adiponectin), and an inflammatory marker (haptoglobin) among the respective clusters; and (3) to compare lactation performance and uterine health status in the different clusters. An additional objective was (4) to investigate differences in these serum variables and in milk yield of overconditioned (OC) cows that differed in the extent of BFT loss. Using data from a large study of 1,709 multiparous Holstein cows, we first selected those animals from which serum samples and BFT results (mm) were available at d 25 (±10) ap and d 31 (±3 d) postpartum (pp). The remaining 713 cows (parity of 2 to 7) were then subjected to cluster analysis: different approaches based on the BFT of the cows were performed. K-means (unsupervised machine learning algorithm) clustering based on BFT-ap alone identified 5 clusters: lean (5-8 mm BFT, n = 50), normal (9-12 mm, n = 206), slightly fat (SF; 13-16 mm, n = 203), just fat (JF; 16-22 mm, n = 193), and very fat (VF; 23-43 mm, n = 61). Clustering by difference between BFT-ap and BFT-pp (ΔBFT) also revealed 5 clusters: extreme loss (17-23 mm ΔBFT, n = 16), moderate loss (9-15 mm, n = 119), little loss (4-8 mm, n = 326), no loss (0-3 mm, n = 203), and gain (-8 to -1 mm, n = 51). Based on the blood variables measured, our results confirm that cows with greater BFT losses had higher lipid mobilization and ketogenesis than cows with less BFT loss. The serum variables of cows that gained BFT did not differ from normal cows. Milk yield was affected by the BFT-ap cluster, but not by the ΔBFT cluster. Cows categorized as VF had lesser milk yield than other clusters. We further compared the OC cows that had little or no BFT loss (i.e., 2% of VF, 12% of JF, and 31% of SF, OC-no loss, n = 85) with the OC cows that lost BFT (OC-loss, n = 135). Both NEFA and BHB pp concentrations and milk yield were greater in OC-loss cows compared with the OC-no loss cows. The serum concentration of leptin ap was greater in OC-loss than in the OC-no loss cows. Overall, OC cows lost more BFT than normal or lean cows. However, those OC cows with a smaller loss of BFT produced less milk than OC cows with greater losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Riosa
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden G611QH, United Kingdom
| | - M H Ghaffari
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - H M Hammon
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - D Süss
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Hoelker
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Drillich
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - C Parys
- Evonik Operations GmbH, 63457 Hanau, Germany
| | - J Guyader
- Evonik Operations GmbH, 63457 Hanau, Germany
| | - H Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - M Iwersen
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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13
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Pirkkalainen H, Talvio I, Kujala M, Soveri T, Orro T. Acute phase response of sole ulcer, white line disease and digital dermatitis in dairy cows. Vet Anim Sci 2022; 17:100253. [PMID: 35669246 PMCID: PMC9163099 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2022.100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum amyloid A, a marker of inflammation, was still elevated two weeks after treatment of sole ulcers. Body temperature and concentration of cytokine interleukin-6 declined from day 0 to day 7 in sole ulcer group. Sole ulcer is a chronic hoof disorder that heals slowly and therefore early detection, good management, and proper pain medication of cows with sole ulcers is important.
Hoof disorders cause lameness and welfare problems for dairy cattle. Acute phase proteins, including serum amyloid A and haptoglobin, with increased rectal temperature and interleukin-6 concentrations, are markers of acute phase response. This study assessed the inflammatory response of cows with either sole ulcer, white line disease or digital dermatitis compared to healthy cows. Another aim was to monitor the inflammatory response changes over time after diagnosis (at hoof trimming, seven and 14 days later) in cows with different hoof disorders. Serum amyloid A concentration in cows with sole ulcer was significantly higher compared with the control group (cows with no hoof lesions) within the two-week study period. Interleukin-6 and rectal temperature declined from day zero to day seven in the sole ulcer group. These results suggest that sole ulcers initiate a long lasting systemic inflammatory response in dairy cows.
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Kamarulrizal MI, Chung ELT, Jesse FFA, Paul BT, Azhar AN, Lila MAM, Salleh A, Abba Y, Shamsuddin MS. Changes in selected cytokines, acute-phase proteins, gonadal hormones and reproductive organs of non-pregnant does challenged with Mannheimia haemolytica serotype A2 and its LPS endotoxin. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:161. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Interrelationship between diseases and calving season and their impact on reproductive parameters and milk production of tropical dairy cows. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:158. [PMID: 35380316 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between calving season, the occurrence of retained placenta, intrauterine infections (IUI), and early mastitis, and their effects on the reproductive performance and milk yield of Holstein-Friesian cows in a tropical environment were studied using data from 3320 calvings (1948 cows) from two farms in El Salvador. Based on environmental conditions, season of calving was categorized into: quadrimester 1 (November-February), quadrimester 2 (March-June), and quadrimester 3 (July-October) where quadrimester 2 and 3 had the highest ambient temperature and relative humidity, respectively. Cows were classified into 1, 2, and 3 + parities. The effects of quadrimester and of diseases on days to first service, services per conception, days open, interval between services and 305-day milk yield were studied in separated multivariate regressions. The likelihood of experiencing a disease contingent on the calving season and the likelihood of a cow being culled due to poor fertility associated with experiencing a disease were evaluated using logistic regression. Cows calving in quadrimester 2 and 3 were more likely to suffer from IUI and showed poorer reproduction than cows calving in quadrimester 1. Reproduction was more strongly affected by IUI. Mastitis increased the days to first service, days open, and interval between services. Mastitis and IUI also caused a lower 305-day milk yield. Overall, hotter and more humid conditions lead to higher incidence of disease and poorer reproductive performance. The physiological responses that lead to these phenomena should be further studied to understand the interactions between diseases, environmental conditions and reproduction.
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16
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Kerwin A, Burhans W, Mann S, Nydam D, Wall S, Schoenberg K, Perfield K, Overton T. Transition cow nutrition and management strategies of dairy herds in the northeastern United States: Part II—Associations of metabolic- and inflammation-related analytes with health, milk yield, and reproduction. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:5349-5369. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Engelking LE, Ambrose DJ, Oba M. Effects of dietary butyrate supplementation and oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration on serum inflammatory markers and productivity of dairy cows during the calving transition. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:4144-4155. [PMID: 35307174 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dairy cattle experience inflammation during the calving transition period, and butyrate and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are expected to reduce the inflammation. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of dietary butyrate supplementation and oral NSAID administration on feed intake, serum inflammatory markers, plasma metabolites, and milk production of dairy cows during the calving transition period. Eighty-three Holstein cows were used in the experiment with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The cows were blocked by parity and calving date, and randomly assigned to a dietary butyrate or control supplement, and NSAID or a placebo oral administration. Experimental diets were iso-energetic containing calcium butyrate at 1.42% of diet dry matter (DM) or the control supplement (1.04% commercial fat supplement and 0.38% calcium carbonate of diet DM). The close-up diets contained 13.3% starch and 42.4% neutral detergent fiber on a DM basis, and were fed from 28 d before expected calving date until calving. The postpartum diets contained 22.1% starch and 34.1% neutral detergent fiber on a DM basis and were fed from calving to 24 d after calving. Oral NSAID (1 mg of meloxicam/kg of body weight) or placebo (food dye) was administered 12 to 24 h after calving. Dietary butyrate supplementation and oral NSAID administration did not affect milk yield or postpartum serum concentrations of amyloid A and haptoglobin. However, butyrate-fed cows increased plasma fatty acid concentration on d -4 relative to calving (501 vs. 340 μEq/L) and tended to increase serum haptoglobin concentration (0.23 vs. 0.10 mg/mL). There was a supplement by drug interaction effect on plasma glucose concentration on d 4; in cows administered the placebo drug, butyrate supplementation decreased plasma glucose concentration compared with control-fed cows (62.8 vs. 70.1 mg/dL). Butyrate-fed cows tended to have lower milk crude protein yield compared with cows fed the control diet (1.21 vs. 1.27 kg/d). Dietary butyrate supplementation and oral NSAID administration did not have overall positive effects on production performance of dairy cows during the calving transition period.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Engelking
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - D J Ambrose
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - M Oba
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5.
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Schmitt R, Pieper L, Borchardt S, Swinkels JM, Gelfert CC, Staufenbiel R. Effects of a single transdermal administration of flunixin meglumine in early postpartum Holstein Friesian dairy cows: Part 1. Inflammatory and metabolic markers, uterine health, and indicators of pain. J Dairy Sci 2022; 106:624-640. [PMID: 35033349 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of a single transdermal administration of flunixin meglumine (FM) in early postpartum Holstein Friesian dairy cows on serum concentrations of inflammatory and metabolic markers, uterine health, and indicators of pain. The hypothesis was that the anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgetic effects of the pharmaceutic agent would reduce systemic inflammation, resulting in improved metabolic and inflammatory profile, diminished incidence of metritis, and reduced expression of pain. A total of 500 cows (153 primiparous, 347 multiparous) from 3 different commercial dairy farms in the northeast of Germany were included in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Farms were preselected based on high haptoglobin concentrations in their fresh lactating cows. Cows were excluded if they had experienced dystocia, stillbirth, or twin birth, or if they showed any signs of milk fever, retained fetal membranes, or fever (>40°C). The cows were treated once with either FM (3.33 mg/kg) or a placebo as control (CON) through transdermal administration between 24 to 36 h postpartum (d 2). General health examinations were performed (daily from d 2-8 and additionally on d 15 postpartum), vaginal discharge was assessed using the Metricheck device (d 8 and 15 postpartum) and serum samples were analyzed for inflammatory and metabolic markers (d 2, 4, and 6 postpartum). Effects of treatment, parity, sampling day, and their interactions were evaluated using mixed effects models. Primiparous cows treated with FM showed lower serum haptoglobin concentrations (0.90 ± 0.08 vs. 1.17 ± 0.07 g/L; ± standard error of the mean) and higher serum albumin concentrations (35.5 ± 0.31 vs. 34.8 ± 0.31 g/L) on d 6 postpartum. They also had a lower risk for purulent vaginal discharge with or without a fever compared with CON cows on d 15 postpartum (odds ratio for CON vs. FM: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.26-2.00), and body temperature was lower throughout the first 15 d in milk (39.1 ± 0.11 vs. 39.2 ± 0.11°C). Multiparous cows treated with FM had lower serum β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations on d 4 postpartum (0.71 ± 0.05 vs. 0.78 ± 0.05 mmol/L) and d 6 postpartum (0.74 ± 0.05 vs. 0.80 ± 0.05 mmol/L). Regardless of parity, FM-treated cows were significantly less likely to abduct their tail from their body (14.3 vs. 23.6%) and show an arched back (27.9 vs. 39.7%) on the day after treatment compared with CON cows. It can be concluded that FM treatment slightly reduced inflammation and diminished the risk for metritis in primiparous cows, improved metabolic profile in multiparous cows, and reduced expressions of pain in all cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schmitt
- Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Free University of Berlin, Germany 14163.
| | - L Pieper
- Department of Farm Animal Surgery, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Switzerland 8057
| | - S Borchardt
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Free University of Berlin, Germany 14163
| | - J M Swinkels
- Global Ruminants Business Unit, MSD Animal Health, Boxmeer, the Netherlands 5831
| | - C-C Gelfert
- Intervet GesmbH, MSD Animal Health, Vienna, Austria 1210
| | - R Staufenbiel
- Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Free University of Berlin, Germany 14163
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Magalhães L, Barbosa S, Fagundes N, Almeida M, Carneiro L, Brandão F, Nogueira G, Pereira E, Saut J. Ovarian steroids modulate the systemic inflammatory response OF COWS challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intrauterine INFUSION. Theriogenology 2022; 182:35-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Tschoner T, Zablotski Y, Feist M. Retrospective Evaluation of Claw Lesions, Inflammatory Markers, and Outcome after Abomasal Rolling in Cattle with Left Displacement of the Abomasum. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061648. [PMID: 34206142 PMCID: PMC8229859 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lameness is often diagnosed in cattle with left displacement of the abomasum (LDA). Laterality of lying has an effect on the etiology of LDA, and lame cows prefer to lie on the affected limb. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible association between laterality of claw lesion and presence of LDA. The medical records of 252 cattle presented with a diagnosis of LDA and subjected to a diagnostic examination of claw lesions over a period of 11 years (2009-2019), were analyzed retrospectively. Data were evaluated for presence and localization of claw lesion, concentrations of inflammatory markers, and abomasal rolling as therapy. At least one claw lesion was diagnosed in 46.4% of cattle. There was no association between laterality of claw lesion and LDA. Presence of claw lesion or oral drench and/or analgesic treatment did not have an effect on occurrence of relapse. A high number of cattle was diagnosed with both LDA and claw lesions. Focus should lie on preventing painful claw lesions in the dry and the early post-partum period. The high recurrence rate after abomasal rolling suggests that abomasal rolling should only be considered as a therapy for temporary relief, and surgical procedures should be discussed with farmers.
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21
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Cattaneo L, Lopreiato V, Piccioli-Cappelli F, Trevisi E, Minuti A. Plasma albumin-to-globulin ratio before dry-off as a possible index of inflammatory status and performance in the subsequent lactation in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:8228-8242. [PMID: 33865585 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The dry-off of dairy cows represents an important phase of the lactation cycle, influencing the outcome of the next lactation. Among the physiological changes, the severity of the inflammatory response can vary after the dry-off, and this response might have consequences on cow adaptation in the transition period. The plasma protein profile is a diagnostic tool widely used in humans and animals to assess the inflammatory status and predict the outcome of severe diseases. The albumin-to-globulin ratio (AG) can represent a simple and useful proxy for the inflammatory condition. In this study, we investigated the relationship between AG before dry-off and inflammation, metabolic profile, and performance of 75 Holstein dairy cows. Blood samples were collected from -62 (7 d before dry-off) to 28 d relative to calving (DFC) to measure metabolic profile biomarkers, inflammatory variables, and liver function. Daily milk yield in the first month of lactation was recorded. Milk composition, body condition score, fertility, and health status were also assessed. The AG calculated 1 wk before dry-off (-62 DFC) was used to retrospectively group cows into tertiles (1.06 ± 0.09 for HI, 0.88 ± 0.04 for IN, and 0.72 ± 0.08 for LO). Data were subjected to ANOVA using the PROC MIXED program in SAS software. Differences among groups observed at -62 DFC were almost maintained throughout the period of interest, but AG peaked before calving. According to the level of acute-phase proteins (haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, albumin, cholesterol, retinol-binding protein), bilirubin, and paraoxonase, a generally overall lower inflammatory condition was found in HI and IN than in the LO group immediately after the dry-off but also after calving. The HI cows had greater milk yield than LO cows, but no differences were observed in milk composition. The somatic cell count reflected the AG ratio trend, with higher values in LO than IN and HI either before dry-off or after calving. Fertility was better in HI cows, with fewer days open and services per pregnancy than IN and LO cows. Overall, cows with high AG before dry-off showed an improved adaptation to the new lactation, as demonstrated by a reduced systemic inflammatory response and increased milk yield than cows with low AG. In conclusion, the AG ratio before dry-off might represent a rapid and useful proxy to evaluate the innate immune status and likely the ability to adapt while switching from the late lactation to the nonlactating phase and during the transition period with emphasis on early lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cattaneo
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - V Lopreiato
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - F Piccioli-Cappelli
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - E Trevisi
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi Research Center for Sustainable Dairy Production of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (CREI), 29122 Piacenza, Italy.
| | - A Minuti
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
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22
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Martins LF, Menta PR, Fernandes L, Machado VS, Neves RC. Prolonged, low-grade inflammation in the first week of lactation: Associations with mineral, protein, and energy balance markers, and milk yield, in a clinically healthy Jersey cow cohort. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:6113-6123. [PMID: 33663834 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our objectives were to perform a proof-of-concept study to assess the association of a prolonged inflammatory state (based on a continually elevated haptoglobin concentration at the end of the first week after parturition) with mineral, protein, and energy balance markers in the first 2 wk after parturition, and milk production in the first 60 d of lactation in clinically healthy cows. We conducted a cohort study in 1 herd in west Texas that was milking Jersey and Jersey-Holstein crosses. Only multiparous Jersey cows were eligible for enrollment. Cows were classified as having or not having elevated haptoglobin concentrations based on plasma concentrations evaluated on d 4 and 7 postpartum. We used median concentrations of haptoglobin in the reference population (i.e., before the exclusion of cows diagnosed with clinical diseases) as the limits for categorizing cows into 2 groups: cows with plasma haptoglobin concentrations greater than the median values on both d 4 (0.49 g/L) and 7 (0.35 g/L) had continually elevated haptoglobin (with eHp); and cows with plasma haptoglobin concentrations lower than or equal to the median values of the reference population on d 4 or 7 did not have continually elevated haptoglobin (without eHp). Next, cows with clinical diseases in the first 2 wk of the postpartum period were excluded, so that 233 cows remained for the final analyses. Evaluated outcomes were average daily milk production across the first 60 d of lactation, plasma Ca, Mg, and glucose concentrations on d 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, and 14 postpartum, and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), fructosamine, albumin, urea, and creatinine concentrations on d 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 postpartum. Rectal temperatures measured on d 4, 7, and 10 postpartum were also analyzed. We performed statistical analyses using linear mixed models while accounting for the repeated effect of sampling time (plasma analytes and rectal temperature models) and weekly milk test (milk production model). Cows with eHp had lower plasma Ca concentrations in the first 2 wk after calving, but no differences in Mg, BHB, NEFA, glucose, or rectal temperatures compared to cows without eHp. Cows with eHp had lower plasma fructosamine, albumin, and urea concentrations in a time-dependent manner. They also had lower milk production (2.3 kg/d less than cows without eHp in the first 60 DIM). Our study demonstrated that 25% of cows without clinical disorders in the first 2 wk after parturition had continually elevated haptoglobin concentrations at d 7 after parturition relative to d 4, suggestive of a prolonged, low-grade systemic inflammatory state. More observational studies are needed to more fully characterize the duration of prolonged postpartum subclinical inflammation in cows without clinical diseases, as well as its long-term effects, and to evaluate the use of other potential markers of systemic inflammation to describe this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Martins
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - P R Menta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | - L Fernandes
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | - V S Machado
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | - R C Neves
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
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23
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Oladejo AO, Li Y, Wu X, Imam BH, Shen W, Ding XZ, Wang S, Yan Z. MicroRNAome: Potential and Veritable Immunomolecular Therapeutic and Diagnostic Baseline for Lingering Bovine Endometritis. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:614054. [PMID: 33426032 PMCID: PMC7785807 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.614054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The bovine endometrium is a natural pathogen invasion barrier of the uterine tissues' endometrial epithelial cells that can resist foreign pathogen invasion by controlling the inflammatory immune response. Some pathogens suppress the innate immune system of the endometrium, leading to prolonged systemic inflammatory response through the blood circulation or cellular degradation resulting in bovine endometritis by bacterial endotoxins. The microRNA (miRNA) typically involves gene expression in multicellular organisms in post-transcription regulation by affecting both the stability and the translation of messenger RNA. Accumulated evidence suggests that miRNAs are important regulators of genes in several cellular processes. They are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs, which play pivotal roles in the inflammatory response of reproductive diseases. Studies confirmed that miRNAs play a key regulatory role in various inflammatory diseases by mediating the molecular mechanism of inflammatory cytokines via signal pathways. It implicates some miRNAs in the occurrence of bovine endometritis, resorting to regulating the activities of some inflammatory cytokines, chemokine, differentially expressed genes, and protein through modulating of specific cellular signal pathways functions. This review dwells on improving the knowledge of the role of miRNAs involvement in inflammatory response as to early diagnosis, control, and prevention of bovine endometritis and consequently enlighten on the molecular improvement of the genes coded by various differentially expressed miRNA through the need to adopt recent genetic technologies and the development of new pharmaceutical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodele Olaolu Oladejo
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Animal Health Technology, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igbo-Ora, Nigeria
| | - Yajuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bereket Habte Imam
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenxiang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue Zhi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zuoting Yan
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
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Mammi LME, Cavallini D, Fustini M, Fusaro I, Giammarco M, Formigoni A, Palmonari A. Calving difficulty influences rumination time and inflammatory profile in Holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:750-761. [PMID: 33131814 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Difficult calving may adversely affect dairy cow health and performance. Maternal:fetal disproportion is a major cause of dystocia. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the effects of dam:calf body weight ratio (D:C) on calving difficulty, rumination time, lying time, and inflammatory profile in 25 Holstein dairy cows. Using automatic monitoring systems, we monitored behavior and production in 9 primiparous and 16 pluriparous cows between dry-off and 30 d in milk. During the same period, we collected blood samples to monitor metabolism and inflammatory profile of these cows. Calvings were video recorded to assess calving difficulty and observe the duration of the expulsive stage. After parturition, the cows were separated into 3 classes according to their D:C: easy (E; D:C >17), medium (M; 14 < D:C <17), and difficult (D; D:C <14). The cows in class D showed relatively longer labor durations (108 min vs. 54 and 51 min for classes D, M, and E, respectively) and higher calving assistance rates (50% vs. 0 and 11% of calvings for classes D, M, and E, respectively) than those in the other 2 classes. Compared with the cows in classes M and E, those in class D exhibited shorter rumination times on the day of calving (176 min/d vs. 288 and 354 min/d for classes D, M, and E, respectively) and during the first week of lactation (312 min/d vs. 339 and 434 min/d for classes D, M, and E, respectively) and maintained lower rumination values until 30 DIM (399 min/d vs. 451 and 499 min/d for classes D, M, and E, respectively). Primiparous class D cows had shorter resting times during the first week after calving compared with those in class M (8 vs. 11 h/d for classes D and M, respectively). Interclass differences were found in terms of the levels of inflammation markers such as acute-phase proteins (ceruloplasmin, albumin, retinol, and paraoxonase). Moreover, cows in class D had lower plasma levels of fructosamine and creatinine after calving. Low D:C reduced postcalving rumination time and increased inflammation grade, suggesting a lower welfare of these animals at the onset of lactation. The D:C might serve as a useful index for the identification of cows at relatively higher risk of metabolic and inflammatory disease, thus helping farmers and veterinarians improve the welfare and health of these cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M E Mammi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, Italy.
| | - D Cavallini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, Italy
| | - M Fustini
- Prevention Department, Provincial Agency for Health of the Autonomous Province of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - I Fusaro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - M Giammarco
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - A Formigoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, Italy
| | - A Palmonari
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, Italy
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Trimboli F, Ragusa M, Piras C, Lopreiato V, Britti D. Outcomes from Experimental Testing of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Administration during the Transition Period of Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10101832. [PMID: 33050071 PMCID: PMC7601688 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The treatment of dairy cows with nonsteroidal drugs is applied experimentally to investigate the relevance of inflammation during the periparturient period. Despite appearing healthy, dairy cows throughout the transition period and mainly after parturition can develop a pro-inflammatory status that may negatively influence milk production and cows’ health. The administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been demonstrated to have both positive or negative effects on health and milk production, depending on the type of inhibition mechanism, the dose administered and the cows’ lactation numbers. At present, the safety and efficacy of NSAIDs have not been irrefutably demonstrated; therefore, their use to improve metabolic and inflammatory status, as well as milk production and cow health after parturition, should be carefully evaluated. Abstract During the transition period, dairy cows experience great physiological stress caused by changes in metabolism and in the immune and endocrine systems. A pro-inflammatory state is another difficulty faced by even apparently healthy animals. The most significant negative consequences of inflammation in dairy cows are substantial impairment of milk production and deleterious effects on cows’ health in extreme cases. Nonetheless, a certain degree of inflammation is necessary to sustain physiological adaptations. In recent years, many studies have attempted to determine whether the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in the transition period of dairy cows could positively affect milk production and cows’ health by controlling the inflammation status. This literature indicates that NSAIDs that act as preferential inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) activity show important side effects (e.g., increased risk of retained placenta, culling, or metritis) even if milk production is, on average, ameliorated. In contrast, preferential inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity have overall positive effects on cows’ health, with potential beneficial effects on milk production. Furthermore, it is important to note that with certain NSAID treatments, milk discarding is mandatory to prevent contamination with drug residues, but increased milk production can compensate for the loss of milk revenue during the withdrawal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Trimboli
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Monica Ragusa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Lopreiato
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.)
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Paiano RB, Birgel DB, Bonilla J, Birgel Junior EH. Alterations in biochemical profiles and reproduction performance in postpartum dairy cows with metritis. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:1599-1606. [PMID: 32885881 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biochemical profile and reproductive performance in postpartum dairy cows with clinical metritis. The research was carried out using performed on 213 pluriparous lactating cows from two dairy herds in southeast Brazil. Dairy cows were assigned into a group of healthy cows (n = 147) and cows with metritis (n = 66). Blood samples to assess serum albumin, cholesterol, fibrinogen, calcium, gamma-glutammyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations were performed on day 8 ± 2 postpartum. Metritic cows had lower (p < .05) serum albumin, cholesterol and calcium concentration, and higher (p < .05) GGT and AST activity, and BHBA and fibrinogen concentrations when compared to the healthy group. The calving-to-conception interval and services per pregnancy were higher in metritic cows (p < .01) than in healthy cows and the conception rate at first service was lower in metric group (p < .01). Variable importance in projection plots demonstrated that cholesterol was the main discriminator between metritic and healthy cows. Our results indicated alterations in the biochemical profile and impaired reproduction performance in metritic cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Braga Paiano
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Becker Birgel
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Jeannine Bonilla
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Harry Birgel Junior
- Department of Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
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Barragan AA, Bauman L, da Costa L, Velez J, Gonzalez JDR, Schuenemann GM, Menichetti B, Piñeiro J, Bas S. Administration of acetylsalicylic acid after parturition in lactating dairy cows under certified organic management: Part I. Milk yield, milk components, activity patterns, fertility, and health. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:11697-11712. [PMID: 33010910 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Parturition is a natural process that gradually progresses from one stage to the next. However, around 5% of dairy cows will experience dystocia, which is considered to be a painful and stressful event. Studies have reported positive effects on cow performance and welfare after treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during the first postpartum days. The objectives were to assess the effects of acetylsalicylic acid administration after calving on (1) milk yield and components, (2) daily activity patterns, (3) reproductive performance, and (4) health in lactating dairy cows under certified organic management. Cows from 3 organic herds were enrolled. Within 12 h after parturition, cows were blocked by parity and calving ease and randomly assigned to 2 treatments: (1) aspirin (ASP; n = 278), in which cows received 4 consecutive treatments every 12 h with acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/kg; 2 boluses) or (2) placebo (PLC, n = 285), in which cows received 4 treatments every 12 h with gelatin capsules (2 capsules) filled with water. Daily milk yield for the first 30 d in milk (DIM) and monthly milk yield, fat, protein, and somatic cell count (SCC) data from the first 5 Dairy Herd Improvement Association tests were collected. Activity patterns were measured using activity data loggers in the first 7 DIM. Clinical disease events (60 DIM) and fertility data were collected from on-farm computer records. Statistical analysis was performed using the MIXED (milk yield, components, and activity), LIFETEST (fertility), and GLIMMIX (health) procedures of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Overall, ASP cows produced 1.82 kg/d more milk than PLC cows during the first 30 DIM. Interestingly, cows that experienced dystocia and received ASP produced 4.48 kg/d more milk compared with cows in the PLC group that experienced dystocia. Cows treated with ASP had lower somatic cell count during the first 5 Dairy Herd Improvement Association tests. There were no differences in daily lying time, lying bouts, and lying bout duration between the ASP and PLC groups. However, cows in the ASP group had 587,64 steps/d more compared with PLC cows. In addition, ASP cows tended to require fewer days (ASP = 113.76 ± 4.99 d; PLC = 125.36 ± 4.74 d) and needed fewer services (ASP = 1.86 ± 0.21 services; PLC = 2.19 ± 0.24 services) to become pregnant compared with PLC cows. There were no differences in clinical disease events between treatments. Results from this study suggest that treating cows with ASP after calving may help improve milk yields and udder health, increase activity, and enhance fertility in dairy cattle under certified organic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Barragan
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - L Bauman
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - L da Costa
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - J Velez
- Aurora Organic Farms, Boulder, CO 80302
| | | | - G M Schuenemann
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - B Menichetti
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - J Piñeiro
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - S Bas
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
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Barragan AA, Bauman LM, Schuenemann GM, Velez J, Lakritz J, Coetzee JF, Gonzalez JDR, Piñeiro JM, Menichetti B, Bas S. Administration of acetylsalicylic acid after parturition in lactating dairy cows under certified organic management: Part II. Biomarkers of nociception, inflammation, and stress. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:11713-11722. [PMID: 33010916 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to assess the effect of oral administration of acetylsalicylic acid after calving on the concentrations of substance P (SP), haptoglobin (HP), and cortisol in lactating dairy cows. Holstein dairy cows (n = 152) from 3 organic herds were included. At parturition, cows were blocked by parity [multiparous (MULT) and primiparous (PRIM)] and calving ease [eutocia (EUT) and dystocia (DYS)] and were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups: aspirin (ASP; n = 76), in which within 12 h after parturition cows received 4 treatments with acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/kg; 2 boluses) at 12-h intervals, or placebo (PLC; n = 76), in which within 12 h after parturition cows received 4 consecutive treatments with gelatin capsules (2 capsules) containing water 12 h apart. Blood samples were collected immediately before treatment and at 12, 24, 36, 48, and 168 h (7 DIM) for assessment of circulating concentration of SP, HP, and cortisol. Based on farm records, cows were classified in the following clinical disease categories: no clinical disease event (NO-EVT), a single clinical disease event (SI-EVT), and more than 1 clinical disease event (MU-EVT). The study data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using mixed multiple linear and logistic regression models. With regard to HP, there was a tendency for an interaction between treatment and parity, where MULT cows treated with ASP had lower concentration of HP compared with MULT cows treated with PLC (ASP = 124.33 ± 6.83 µg/mL; PLC = 143.9 ± 7.24 µg/mL). Analysis by calving ease showed that cows with DYS had higher concentrations of HP (DYS = 159.17 ± 5.97 µg/mL; EUT = 138.72 ± 6.22 µg/mL) and SP (only at 168 h; DYS = 64.99 pg/mL, 95% confidence interval, CI: 2.68-2.81; EUT = 60.33 pg/mL, 95% CI: 2.91-3.06) after calving compared with EUT cows. Regardless of treatment, PRIM cows had higher concentrations of SP (MULT = 55.11 pg/mL, 95% CI: 1.27-1.30; PRIM = 57.62 pg/mL, 95% CI: 1.99-2.06), HP (MULT = 134.14 ± 4.96 µg/mL; PRIM = 163.75 ± 7.76 µg/mL), and cortisol (MULT = 18.65 µg/mL, 95% CI: 1.02-1.05; PRIM = 21.92 µg/mL, 95% CI: 1.67-1.74) compared with MULT cows. In addition, cows that experienced SI-EVT or MU-EVT had higher concentrations of HP (NO-EVT = 134.13 ± 5.95 µg/mL; SI-EVT = 142.68 ± 7.32 µg/mL; MU-EVT = 170.03 ± 9.42 µg/mL) and cortisol (NO-EVT = 17.86 µg/mL, 95% CI: 1.20-1.24; SI-EVT = 21.01 µg/mL, 95% CI: 1.61-1.67; MU-EVT = 22.01 µg/mL, 95% CI: 2.08-2.18) compared with cows with NO-EVT recorded. Results from this study suggest that a short-duration anti-inflammatory therapy after calving reduced HP in MULT cows but may not have effects on SP and cortisol concentrations. Calving ease and parity affected the concentrations of markers of inflammation, nociception, and stress regardless of treatment. Further research is warranted to assess anti-inflammatory strategies aimed at decreasing inflammation and stress in DYS and PRIM cows and therefore improve welfare and performance of these high-priority groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Barragan
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - L M Bauman
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - G M Schuenemann
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - J Velez
- Aurora Organic Farms, Platteville, CO 80651
| | - J Lakritz
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - J F Coetzee
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506
| | | | - J M Piñeiro
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - B Menichetti
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - S Bas
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
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Machado VS, Celestino ML, Oliveira EB, Lima FS, Ballou MA, Galvão KN. The association of cow-related factors assessed at metritis diagnosis with metritis cure risk, reproductive performance, milk yield, and culling for untreated and ceftiofur-treated dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:9261-9276. [PMID: 32828506 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to assess the association of cow-related factors with metritis cure risk and economically important outcomes. In this prospective cohort study nested inside a randomized clinical trial, cows enrolled in a clinical trial that aimed to evaluate an alternative metritis therapy that had available plasma samples collected at metritis diagnosis were included. Metritis was defined as fetid, watery, reddish-brownish discharge with or without fever, and cure was defined as the absence of metritis signs 12 d after diagnosis. Cows were randomly allocated to remain untreated (CON; n = 147) or receive subcutaneous injections of 6.6 mg/kg of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid at enrollment and 72 h later (CEF, n = 168). Additionally, a random subset of 150 nonmetritic cows (NMET) was also included to compare milk production, reproductive performance, and culling responses. Cow-related factors evaluated include plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, and haptoglobin (Hp), parity, rectal temperature, and days in milk (DIM) at metritis diagnosis, vulvovaginal laceration (VL), BCS, dystocia, twins, and retained placenta. Among CON cows, DIM at metritis diagnosis was positively associated with metritis cure [threshold = 8, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.67], whereas plasma Hp concentration tended to be negatively associated with cure of metritis (threshold = 0.54 mg/mL, AUC = 0.64). Among CEF cows, DIM at metritis diagnosis (threshold = 5, AUC = 0.67) and dystocia were positively associated with metritis cure, whereas VL and Hp (threshold = 0.78 mg/mL, AUC = 0.76) were negatively associated with cure. For CON cows that were diagnosed with metritis after 8 DIM or had plasma Hp concentration ≤0.54 mg/mL, milk production, pregnancy, and culling risk were comparable to NMET cows. However, performance was impaired when cows that developed metritis at ≤8 DIM or had Hp >0.54 mg/mL were left untreated. Among CEF cows, Hp, DIM at metritis diagnosis, dystocia, and VL were associated with metritis cure. Milk yield, reproductive performance, and culling losses are more pronounced among CEF cows when metritis was diagnosed at ≤5 DIM, Hp >0.78 mg/mL, or if they had VL or dystocia. In conclusion, these data indicate that timing of the onset of metritis and inflammatory biomarkers could be used for the development of a selective therapy strategy for metritis, but more research is needed to identify more accurate predictors of metritis spontaneous cure and treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Machado
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409.
| | - M L Celestino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | - E B Oliveira
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-0910; Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616
| | - F S Lima
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616
| | - M A Ballou
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409
| | - K N Galvão
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-0910; D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610
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Mikulková K, Kadek R, Filípek J, Illek J. Evaluation of oxidant/antioxidant status, metabolic profile and milk production in cows with metritis. Ir Vet J 2020; 73:8. [PMID: 32514335 PMCID: PMC7254763 DOI: 10.1186/s13620-020-00161-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to evaluate oxidant/antioxidant status in 21 Holstein dairy cows with metritis compared to 8 healthy controls. Blood samples were taken during the first 21 days postpartum. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of oxidative stress, total antioxidant status (TAS) and antioxidant parameters such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), selenium (Se), vitamins A and E and beta-carotene were determined from all cows. The differences in beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), calcium, bilirubin concentrations and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity were also monitored, as were milk production and milk composition. Metritis was defined by an unpleasant discharge of varying color (milky-grey/brown/sanguineous) and consistency (muco-purulent/purulent/watery) and by the presence of increased temperature (> 38.5 °C) in cows within 21 days postpartum. Rectal examination revealed increased uterine size, thickened uterine wall and increased uterine tone. The affected cows had significantly reduced daily milk production. Additionally, hematological parameters and haptoglobin concentration were also measured in metritic cows. Results Higher MDA concentration (P < 0.001) was recorded in cows with metritis, while vitamin A and vitamin E concentrations were lower (P < 0.01) compared to healthy cows. Higher BHB (P < 0.05), NEFA (P < 0.05), AST (P < 0.05) and bilirubin (P < 0.001) concentrations was recorded in cows with metritis as compared to the control group. Significant differences in beta-carotene concentration, GPx activity, and Se, TAS and Ca concentrations in cows with metritis compared to control group were not observed in the present study (P > 0.05). Milk production was decreased in the cows with metritis (P < 0.001) and alterations in milk composition were also observed in metritic cows as compared to healthy cows. Conclusions The results of the study showed that cows with metritis in early postpartum are exposed to a higher degree of oxidative stress and that the incidence of metritis can negatively affect milk production in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolína Mikulková
- Large Animal Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Romana Kadek
- Large Animal Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Filípek
- Large Animal Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Illek
- Large Animal Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
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Luke T, Nguyen T, Rochfort S, Wales W, Richardson C, Abdelsayed M, Pryce J. Genomic prediction of serum biomarkers of health in early lactation. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:11142-11152. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Nguyen TT, Miyake A, Tran TT, Tsuruta T, Nishino N. The Relationship between Uterine, Fecal, Bedding, and Airborne Dust Microbiota from Dairy Cows and Their Environment: A Pilot Study. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9121007. [PMID: 31766341 PMCID: PMC6941062 DOI: 10.3390/ani9121007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary After calving, dairy cows face the risk of negative energy balance, inflammation, and immunosuppression, which may result in bacterial infection and disruption of the normal microbiota, thus encouraging the development of metritis and endometritis. This study characterized uterine, fecal, bedding, and airborne dust microbiota from postpartum dairy cows and their environment during summer and winter. The results clarify the importance of microbiota in cowshed environments, i.e., bedding and airborne dust, in understanding the postpartum uterine microbiota of dairy cows. Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize uterine, fecal, bedding, and airborne dust microbiota from postpartum dairy cows and their environment. The cows were managed by the free-stall housing system, and samples for microbiota and serum metabolite assessment were collected during summer and winter when the cows were at one and two months postpartum. Uterine microbiota varied between seasons; the five most prevalent taxa were Enterobacteriaceae, Moraxellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Staphylococcaceae, and Lactobacillaceae during summer, and Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroidaceae, Moraxellaceae, and Clostridiaceae during winter. Although Actinomycetaceae and Mycoplasmataceae were detected at high abundance in several uterine samples, the relationship between the uterine microbiota and serum metabolite concentrations was unclear. The fecal microbiota was stable regardless of the season, whereas bedding and airborne dust microbiota varied between summer and winter. With regards to uterine, bedding, and airborne dust microbiota, Enterobacteriaceae, Moraxellaceae, Staphylococcaceae, and Lactobacillaceae were more abundant during summer, and Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Clostridiaceae were more abundant during winter. Canonical analysis of principal coordinates confirmed the relationship between uterine and cowshed microbiota. These results indicated that the uterine microbiota may vary when the microbiota in cowshed environments changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuong T. Nguyen
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.T.N.); (T.T.)
| | - Ayumi Miyake
- Okayama Prefecture Livestock Research Institute, Kume 709-3494, Japan;
| | - Tu T.M. Tran
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, Tien Giang University, My Tho 860000, Vietnam;
| | - Takeshi Tsuruta
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.T.N.); (T.T.)
| | - Naoki Nishino
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.T.N.); (T.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-86-251-8331
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Venjakob PL, Staufenbiel R, Heuwieser W, Borchardt S. Serum calcium dynamics within the first 3 days in milk and the associated risk of acute puerperal metritis. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:11428-11438. [PMID: 31548074 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate postpartum serum calcium dynamics for different parity groups of dairy cows and to assess whether serum calcium concentration on d 0, 1, and 3 postpartum was associated with the risk of developing acute puerperal metritis (APM). The study took place on a commercial dairy farm in northern Germany and included 4,043 Holstein dairy cows. Calving difficulties, such as dystocia, twins, or stillbirth, were recorded. Blood samples were obtained on d 0, 1, and 3 after calving for analysis of serum calcium concentration. Animals were examined daily for clinical symptoms of retained placenta, APM, mastitis, and displaced abomasum until 10 d in milk. To determine serum calcium dynamics postpartum, we performed repeated-measures ANOVA with first-order autoregressive covariance. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association of serum calcium concentration with the risk of developing metritis. Serum calcium concentration was affected by time relative to calving, parity, and APM. Increasing parity negatively affected serum calcium concentration on d 0 and 1. Serum calcium concentration reached its lowest level on d 1 and 3 in multiparous and primiparous cows, respectively. The concentration increased from d 1 to 3 in multiparous cows and decreased from d 0 to 3 in primiparous cows. The association of APM and serum calcium dynamics varied by parity. On d 3, serum calcium concentration was significantly lower in animals with subsequent APM than in those without APM. The overall incidence of APM was 12.0% (primiparous cows, 20.4%; multiparous cows, 8.6%). An association existed between serum calcium concentration on d 3 after calving and APM. Primiparous cows had an odds ratio of 0.12 for serum calcium concentration on d 3, indicating that a primiparous cow with serum calcium concentration of 2.5 mmol/L had a 88% lower chance of developing APM compared with a cow with a concentration of 1.5 mmol/L. Multiparous cows had an odds ratio of 0.34 for serum calcium concentration on d 3, indicating that a multiparous cow with serum calcium concentration of 2.5 mmol/L had a 66% lower chance of developing APM compared with a cow with a concentration of 1.5 mmol/L. Primiparous cows with low serum calcium concentration had the highest predicted probability of developing APM. Our results reveal a dynamic in serum calcium concentration in the first 3 d in milk. Consequently, the day of sampling and the observed risk period for hypocalcemia are important when conducting epidemiological studies to evaluate associations between hypocalcemia and clinical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Venjakob
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Koenigsweg 65, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - R Staufenbiel
- Ruminant Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Koenigsweg 65, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - W Heuwieser
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Koenigsweg 65, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
| | - S Borchardt
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Koenigsweg 65, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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Barragan AA, Lakritz J, Carman MK, Bas S, Hovingh E, Schuenemann GM. Short communication: Assessment of biomarkers of inflammation in the vaginal discharge of postpartum dairy cows diagnosed with clinical metritis. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:7469-7475. [PMID: 31202654 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Clinical metritis, characterized by the presence of an enlarged uterus and abnormal red-brownish foul-smelling vaginal discharge (VD), is a prevalent condition that causes important economic losses to dairy operations. The accurate diagnosis and treatment of this disease can help decrease its negative effects on the well-being and performance of dairy cows. The objectives of this study were to assess (1) the concentration of haptoglobin (Hp) and neutrophil-derived haptoglobin-matrix metalloproteinase 9 (Hp-MMP 9) in the VD of postpartum cows; and (2) the correlation between Hp and Hp-MMP 9 concentrations in serum and VD. Fifty-three dairy cows from 4 farms in central Pennsylvania were enrolled in this observational study.. Postpartum cows (7 ± 3 DIM) were screened using a Metricheck device to assess VD score (VDS): 1, clear fluid (n = 4); 2, < 50% white purulent fluid (n = 14); 3, > 50% white purulent fluid (n = 8); 4, red-brownish watery fluid without fetid smell (n = 22); and 5, fetid red-brownish watery fluid (n = 5). Blood and VD samples were collected for assessment of Hp and Hp-MMP 9 concentrations. Cows with a VDS of 4 or 5 (VDS4/5) had higher serum Hp concentrations than cows with a VDS of 1, 2, or 3 (VDS1/3; 93 ± 187 µg/mL vs. 59 ± 106 µg/mL, respectively). Similarly, cows with VDS4/5 had higher VD Hp concentrations than cows with VDS1/3 (73 ± 56 µg/mL vs. 17 ± 16 µg/mL, respectively). We found a significant correlation (0.37) between Hp levels in serum and in VD. We found no difference in serum Hp-MMP 9 between VDS4/5 and VDS1/3 cows. The VD concentrations of Hp-MMP 9 were higher in VDS4/5 cows than in VDS1/3 cows (7,629 ± 9,847 ng/mL vs. 1,567 ± 2,165 ng/mL, respectively). The correlation between Hp-MMP 9 in serum and VD was 0.22; nevertheless, it was not statistically significant. Interestingly, Hp and Hp-MMP 9 concentrations were higher in VD samples than in serum, regardless of VDS. Results from this study suggest that inflammatory biomarkers may be increased in cows with a VDS of 4 or 5. Further research should be aimed at elucidating the processes involved in inflammatory biomarker production and transportation in the uterus, as well as the effect of these biomarkers on endometrial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Barragan
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 18602.
| | - J Lakritz
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - M K Carman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - S Bas
- Phytobiotics Futterzusatzstoffe GmbH Bvd, Villa Maria, Córdoba 5220, Argentina
| | - E Hovingh
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 18602
| | - G M Schuenemann
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
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Andela BG, Van Eerdenburg FJCM, Choukeir A, Buják D, Szelényi Z, Boldizsár S, Kézér FL, Molnár L, Kovács L, Szenci O. Relationships among some serum enzymes, negative energy balance parameters, parity and postparturient clinical (endo)metritis in Holstein Friesian cows - Short communication. Acta Vet Hung 2019; 67:241-245. [PMID: 31238723 DOI: 10.1556/004.2019.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, and concentrations of serum metabolites [beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA)] of primiparous (n = 83) and multiparous (n = 213) Holstein cows were studied as possible predictors of retained fetal membranes (RFM), grade 2 clinical metritis (CM) and clinical endometritis (CEM). A logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for the prevalence of CM diagnosed between 0-5, 6-10 and 11-20 days in milk (DIM) and for the prevalence of CEM diagnosed between 22-28 and 42-49 DIM. The activities of the examined serum enzymes did not show significant associations either with CM or with CEM. For NEFA sampled on days 0 and 5, an OR of 2.38 for CM 0-20 DIM and an OR of 2.58 for CM 11-20 DIM was found. For BHB sampled on days 0 and 5, an OR of 8.20 for CEM 22-28 and 42-49 DIM and an OR of 1.98 for CM 6-10 DIM were found. The prevalence of RFM was higher in ≥ 4 parity cows compared to primiparous cows (46.3% vs. 26.5%). BHB and NEFA levels measured between 0 and 5 DIM could have a predictive ability for postpartum uterine disorders such as RFM, CM and CEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baukje G. Andela
- 1Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ali Choukeir
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
| | - Dávid Buják
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szelényi
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
| | | | - Fruzsina Luca Kézér
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
- 4Institute of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - László Molnár
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
| | - Levente Kovács
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
- 4Institute of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Ottó Szenci
- 2MTA–SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group and Department and Clinic for Production Animals, University of Veterinary Science, Üllő, Hungary
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Cui L, Wang H, Ding Y, Li J, Li J. Changes in the blood routine, biochemical indexes and the pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions of peripheral leukocytes in postpartum dairy cows with metritis. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:157. [PMID: 31113485 PMCID: PMC6528309 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1912-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to clarify the changes in complete blood count, blood biochemistry, and the gene expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines of peripheral white blood cells in postpartum dairy cows with metritis. RESULTS The cows were assigned to the control group (n = 28) or the metritis group (n = 28), retrospectively. Blood samples were taken 7 days before the estimated parturition (- 7 d), on the day of parturition (0 d), and 7 and 30 d after parturition. There was no difference in blood indexes between the control group and the metritis group at - 7 d. The WBC, granulocytes and monocytes were generally higher at 7 and 30 d in the metritis group than the control. In comparison with the controls, all liver function parameters and triglyceride levels at 0, 7 and 30 d, and the creatinine level at 7 and 30 d were higher in cows with metritis. The concentrations of Ca and P at 0, 7 and 30 d, and of glucose at 0 d were lower for cows in the metritis group compared with cows in the control group. Among these parameters, the WBC at 30 d, the aspartate aminotransferase activity (AST) at 7 d exceeded normal ranges (WBC: 5.0 ~ 16.0 × 109/L; AST: 42.5 ~ 98 U/L), whereas the concentrations of glucose and Ca from 0 to 30 d were below normal ranges (glucose: 2.5 ~ 4.5 mmol/L; Ca: 2.2 ~ 2.5 mmol/L) in the metritis group. The gene expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the metritis group were higher than those in the control group, including the IL-1α at 7d, the IL-1β at - 7, 0 and 7 d, the IL-6 at - 7, 0, 7 and 30 d, the IL-8 at 0, 7 and 30 d, and the TNF-α at 7 and 30 d. CONCLUSION The cows with metritis experienced systemic inflammation for 4 weeks after calving, the impaired hepatic function, and the altered metabolic status with increased triglyceride level and decreased concentrations of glucose, Ca and P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Rd, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, 12 East Wenhui Rd, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Rd, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, 12 East Wenhui Rd, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanan Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Rd, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, 12 East Wenhui Rd, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Rd, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, 12 East Wenhui Rd, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianji Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Rd, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, 12 East Wenhui Rd, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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Mayasari N, Trevisi E, Ferrari A, Kemp B, Parmentier HK, van Knegsel ATM. Relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress with uterine health in dairy cows with different dry period lengths. Transl Anim Sci 2019; 3:607-619. [PMID: 32704831 PMCID: PMC7200916 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txz040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier studies indicated that the inflammatory status of dairy cows in early lactation could not be fully explained by the negative energy balance (NEB) at that moment. The objective of the present study was to determine relationships between inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress with uterine health in dairy cows after different dry period lengths. Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were assigned to one of three dry period lengths (0-, 30-, or 60-d) and one of two early lactation rations (glucogenic or lipogenic ration). Cows were fed either a glucogenic or lipogenic ration from 10-d before the expected calving date. Part of the cows which were planned for a 0-d dry period dried themselves off and were attributed to a new group (0 → 30-d dry period), which resulted in total in four dry period groups. Blood was collected (N = 110 cows) in weeks -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, and 4 relative to calving to determine biomarkers for inflammation, liver function, and oxidative stress. Uterine health status (UHS) was monitored by scoring vaginal discharge (VD) based on a 4-point scoring system (0, 1, 2, or 3) in weeks 2 and 3 after calving. Cows were classified as having a healthy uterine environment (HU, VD score = 0 or 1 in both weeks 2 and 3), nonrecovering uterine environment (NRU, VD score = 2 or 3 in week 3), or a recovering uterine environment (RU, VD score = 2 or 3 in week 2 and VD score= 0 or 1 in week 3). Independent of dry period length, cows with NRU had higher plasma haptoglobin (P = 0.05) and lower paraoxonase levels (P < 0.01) in the first 4 weeks after calving and lower liver functionality index (P < 0.01) compared with cows with HU. Cows with NRU had lower plasma albumin (P = 0.02) and creatinine (P = 0.02) compared with cows with a RU, but not compared with cows with HU. Independent of UHS, cows with a 0 → 30-d dry period had higher bilirubin levels compared with cows with 0-, 30-, or 60-d dry period (P < 0.01). Cows with RU and fed a lipogenic ration had higher levels of albumin in plasma compared with cows with NRU and fed a lipogenic ration (P < 0.01). In conclusion, uterine health was related to biomarkers for inflammation (haptoglobin and albumin) and paraoxonase in dairy cows in early lactation. Cows which were planned for a 0-d dry period, but dried themselves off (0 → 30-d dry period group) had higher bilirubin levels, which was possibly related to a more severe NEB in these cows. Inflammatory biomarkers in dairy cows in early lactation were related to uterine health in this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novi Mayasari
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.,Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Annarita Ferrari
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Bas Kemp
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henk K Parmentier
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ariette T M van Knegsel
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Piñeiro J, Menichetti B, Barragan A, Relling A, Weiss W, Bas S, Schuenemann G. Associations of postpartum lying time with culling, milk yield, cyclicity, and reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:3362-3375. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Piñeiro JM, Menichetti BT, Barragan AA, Relling AE, Weiss WP, Bas S, Schuenemann GM. Associations of pre- and postpartum lying time with metabolic, inflammation, and health status of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:3348-3361. [PMID: 30799119 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the associations of pre- and postpartum lying time (LT) with serum total calcium (Ca), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and haptoglobin concentrations, hemogram, and health status of dairy cows. A total of 1,052 Holstein cattle (401 nulliparous heifers and 651 parous cows) from 3 commercial dairy farms were fitted with electronic data loggers (IceQube, IceRobotics, Edinburgh, UK) on a hind leg 14 ± 3 d before parturition (dpp) and removed at 14 ± 3 d in milk (DIM) to assess their LT. Lying time data were summarized and reported daily (min/d or h/d). Serum concentrations of NEFA (at 14 ± 3 and 7 ± 3 dpp), total serum calcium within 48 h after calving, and BHB (at 7 ± 3 and 14 ± 3 DIM) were determined. Serum concentration of haptoglobin was determined and a hemogram was performed on a subsample of 577 cows (237 primiparous and 340 multiparous) at 7 ± 3 DIM. Cases of milk fever, retained placenta, metritis, mastitis, pneumonia, and digestive disorders within 30 DIM were recorded and cows were categorized into 1 of 4 groups: (1) nondiseased (ND, n = 613; cows without ketosis and any other health conditions); (2) cows with only ketosis (KET, n = 152); (3) sick cows experiencing ≥1 health conditions, but without ketosis (SICK, n = 198); or (4) cows with ketosis plus at least one other health condition (KET+, n = 61). Data were analyzed using mixed linear regression models or logistic regression (MIXED or GLIMMIX procedures). Lying time within 14 dpp had a significant positive quadratic association with serum NEFA concentrations at 14 ± 3 and 7 ± 3 dpp but was not significantly associated with serum Ca concentration within 48 h after calving. Lying time during the first 14 DIM after parturition had a significant linear association with the risk of ketosis within 14 DIM. For every 1-h increment in mean LT (from 8 to 15 h/d) within the first 14 DIM after calving, the risk of diagnosis with ketosis within 14 DIM increased by 3.7 percentage points. Regardless of parity, a greater proportion of KET and KET+ groups had increased serum prepartum NEFA concentration (≥400 µEq/L) and increased body condition loss from 14 dpp to 28 DIM compared with SICK and ND cows. A greater proportion of multiparous KET and KET+ cows had hypocalcemia within 48 h after calving compared with ND and SICK cows, but we did not detect a significant association between hypocalcemia and health status on primiparous cows. Multiparous KET+ cows had significantly reduced neutrophils and white blood cell count compared with ND cows, but lymphocytes did not differ. Regardless of parity, KET+ and SICK cows had significantly higher concentrations of serum haptoglobin compared with ND cows. These results suggest that LT along with energy and Ca balance are critical for transition cow health.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Piñeiro
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - B T Menichetti
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - A A Barragan
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - A E Relling
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691
| | - W P Weiss
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691
| | - S Bas
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - G M Schuenemann
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
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Shock DA, Renaud DL, Roche SM, Poliquin R, Thomson R, Olson ME. Evaluating the impact of meloxicam oral suspension administered at parturition on subsequent production, health, and culling in dairy cows: A randomized clinical field trial. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209236. [PMID: 30540846 PMCID: PMC6291144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Parturition is a painful event experienced by cows at the onset of lactation. This pain could lead to a reduced feed intake, altered metabolic and immunological status, and a host of other diseases that could seriously limit her productive herd lifespan. The objective of the current study was to assess the effect of administration of a single dose of oral meloxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), on the production and health status of cows during their lactation. A total of 2,653 (1,009 meloxicam-treated and 1,644 untreated control) cows were enrolled across 20 herds in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec, Canada. Relative to untreated controls, meloxicam-treated cows produced 0.64 kg/day (SE = 0.29. P = 0.03) more milk over the first 3 test days (90–120 days in lactation), had 0.75 times the odds of subclinical mastitis at first test (SE = 0.08, P = 0.01), and were culled or died at 0.46 times the rate (SE = 0.16, P = 0.03) before 60 days in milk. These results are consistent with previous research and lend support to the hypothesis that parturition is a painful event in cattle. Attempts to ameliorate such pain with analgesics is associated with a variety of positive health and production outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Shock
- Agricultural Communications and Epidemiological Research (ACER) Consulting, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - David L. Renaud
- Agricultural Communications and Epidemiological Research (ACER) Consulting, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven M. Roche
- Agricultural Communications and Epidemiological Research (ACER) Consulting, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Zheng CY, Zou X, Zhao BC, Zhang ML, Lin HJ, Luo CH, Xu ZM, Shao LY, Fu SX. miRNA-185 regulates retained fetal membranes of cattle by targeting STIM1. Theriogenology 2018; 126:166-171. [PMID: 30553977 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Retained fetal membranes (RFM) of cows is an important reproductive disturbance, and is related to miRNA-185. Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a potential target gene of miRNA-185, could influence placenta release via regulating Ca2+ concentration intracellular. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of RFM by investigating the regulatory relationship between miRNA-185 and STIM1 in primary uterine caruncel epithelial (UCE) cells. Serum samples of healthy Holstein dairy cows (n = 20) and RFM cows (n = 12), with a similar age, parity, weight, and milk yield, were collected to detect Ca2+ concentration at prepartum 1-5 d and postpartum 6, 12 and 24 h. Caruncle tissues were collected from healthy (n = 6) and RFM cows (n = 6) at 12 h after calving. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) and western blotting (WB) were performed to detect the mRNA and protein levels of STIM1, respectively. UCE cells were cultured by the explant culture method, further purified, and subsequently treated with PmirGLO-STIM1-Mut + miRNA-185 mimics and mirGLO-STIM1-Mut + miRNA-185 NC. Q-PCR and WB were performed to detect mRNA and protein levels of STIM1 with treated miRNA-185 mimics. Serum levels of Ca2+ from RFM cows were abnormally decreased at prepartum 1 d and postpartum 6, 12 and 24 h. Expression level of STIM1 was down-regulated in the caruncle tissue of RFM cows. The luciferase activity was decresed about 30.9% by miRNA-185 mimics (p < 0.01), and the mRNA and protein levels of STIM1 were downregulated miRNA-185-mimics. It was suggesting that miRNA-185 might play an important role in RFM through regulating the expression of STIM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; College of Food and Biological Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161000, China
| | - X Zou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - B C Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - M L Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - H J Lin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - C H Luo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Z M Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - L Y Shao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - S X Fu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
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Swartz T, Schramm H, Bewley J, Wood C, Leslie K, Petersson-Wolfe C. Meloxicam administration either prior to or after parturition: Effects on behavior, health, and production in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:10151-10167. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Barragan A, Piñeiro J, Schuenemann G, Rajala-Schultz P, Sanders D, Lakritz J, Bas S. Assessment of daily activity patterns and biomarkers of pain, inflammation, and stress in lactating dairy cows diagnosed with clinical metritis. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:8248-8258. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Valdmann M, Kurykin J, Kaart T, Mällo GK, Waldmann A. Relationships between plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin concentrations in multiparous dairy cows with cytological endometritis. Vet Rec 2018; 183:126. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.104640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Merle Valdmann
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences; Tartu Estonia
| | - Jevgeni Kurykin
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences; Tartu Estonia
| | - Tanel Kaart
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences; Tartu Estonia
| | - Gret-Kristel Mällo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences; Tartu Estonia
| | - Andres Waldmann
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences; Tartu Estonia
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Sequential concentrations of placental growth factor and haptoglobin, and their relation to oestrone sulphate and progesterone in pregnant Spanish Purebred mare. Theriogenology 2018; 115:77-83. [PMID: 29730538 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to establish reference values for serum concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF) and haptoglobin (Hp), and to analyze whether the levels of oestrone sulphate (E1S) and progesterone (P4) are physiologically involved in the dynamic modifications of the above parameters in pregnant mares. A total of 30 healthy Spanish Purebred mares ranging in age 9.33 ± 3.31 years were studied during the 11 months of gestation. Serum concentrations of PlGF were detected by EIA, Hp using commercial Phase Haptoglobin assay and E1S and P4 levels through RIA. The serum concentrations of PlGF ranged between 31.70 and 223.60 ng/mL, with a mean value of 57.64 ± 18.05 ng/mL. Serum PlGF levels increased significantly during the 1st and 2nd months, reaching the maximum value in the 3rd month and the minimum value in the 10th month. Hp concentrations increased progressively and significantly from the 5th until the 10th month of gestation (P < 0.05), decreasing in the 11th month of pregnancy. E1S increased significantly from the 3rd until the 7th month, decreasing progressively towards the end of gestation. P4 increased significantly in the 3rd and 4th month and decreased significantly in the 6th and 7th (P < 0.05), with variable oscillations during last months of pregnancy. PlGF and Hp were significantly and negatively correlated (r = -0.27; P < 0.05). In the healthy mare, PlGF and Hp act asynchronously and independent of steroid E1S and P4.
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Shin D, Jeong J, Choi I, Moon S, Lee S, Kang H, Park S, Kim I. Associations between serum haptoglobin concentration and peri- and postpartum disorders, milk yield, and reproductive performance in dairy cows. Livest Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Tuteja SK, Neethirajan S. Exploration of two-dimensional bio-functionalized phosphorene nanosheets (black phosphorous) for label free haptoglobin electro-immunosensing applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:135101. [PMID: 29443694 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaab15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on the development of an antibody-functionalized interface based on electrochemically active liquid-exfoliated two-dimensional phosphorene (Ph) nanosheets-also known as black phosphorous nanosheets-for the label-free electrochemical immunosensing of a haptoglobin (Hp) biomarker, a clinical marker of severe inflammation. The electrodeposition has been achieved over the screen-printed electrode (SPE) using liquid-assisted ultrasonically exfoliated black phosphorus nanosheets. Subsequently, Ph-SPEs bioconjugated with Hp antibodies (Ab), using electrostatic interactions via a poly-L-lysine linker for biointerface development. Electrochemical analysis demonstrates that the Ab-modified Ph-SPEs (Ab@Ph-SPE) exhibit enhanced electroconducting behavior as compared to the pristine electrodes. This Ab-functionalized phosphorene-based electrochemical immunosensor platform has demonstrated remarkable sensitivity and specificity, having a dynamic linear response range from 0.01-10 mg ml-1 for Hp in standard and serum samples with a low detection limit (∼0.011 mg ml-1) using the label-free electrochemical technique. The sensor electrodes were also studied with other closely relative interferents to investigate cross reactivity and specificity. This strategy opens up avenues to POC (point-of-care) and on-farm livestock disease monitoring technologies for multiplexed diagnosis in complex biological samples such as serum. The technique is simple in fabrication and provides an analytical response in less than 60 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish K Tuteja
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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Zheng C, Zou X, Lin H, Zhao B, Zhang M, Luo C, Fu S. miRNA-185 regulates the VEGFA signaling pathway in dairy cows with retained fetal membranes. Theriogenology 2018; 110:116-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Effect of two treatment protocols for ketosis on the resolution, postpartum health, milk yield, and reproductive outcomes of dairy cows. Theriogenology 2018; 106:53-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Overton T, McArt J, Nydam D. A 100-Year Review: Metabolic health indicators and management of dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:10398-10417. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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