1
|
Xiao Y, Yang C, Si N, Chu T, Yu J, Yuan X, Chen XT. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Inhibits LPS/AβO-induced Neuroinflammation in BV2 Cells through Regulating the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 Pathway. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2024; 19:31. [PMID: 38886223 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-024-10131-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a key factor in cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), so inhibiting neuroinflammation is considered as a potential treatment for AD. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a polyhydroxyphenol of green tea, has been found to exhibit anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of EGCG on inflammation and its mechanism. In this study, BV2 cells were simultaneously exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and the amyloid-β oligomer (AβO) to induce inflammatory microenvironments. Inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasome-related molecules were detected by RT-PCR and Western Blot. The results show that EGCG inhibits LPS/AβO-induced inflammation in BV2 cells through regulating IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Meanwhile, EGCG reduces the activation of the NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and levels of intracellular ROS in BV2 cells treated with LPS/AβO by affecting the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Further research found that EGCG inhibited MMP through regulating thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) in LPS/AβO-induced neuroinflammation. In conclusion, EGCG may alleviate LPS/AβO-induced microglial neuroinflammation by suppressing the ROS/ TXNIP/ NLRP3 pathway. It may provide a potential mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of EGCG for alleviating AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Chenglin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Nana Si
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Tao Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Xintong Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Xiang-Tao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lian W, Wang Z, Zhou F, Yuan X, Xia C, Wang W, Yan Y, Cheng Y, Yang H, Xu J, He J, Zhang W. Cornuside ameliorates cognitive impairments via RAGE/TXNIP/NF-κB signaling in Aβ 1-42 induced Alzheimer's disease mice. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2024; 19:24. [PMID: 38780885 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-024-10120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cornuside has been discovered to improve learning and memory in AD mice, however, its underlying mechanism was not fully understood. In the present study, we established an AD mice model by intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ1-42, which were treated with cornuside (3, 10, 30 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. Cornuside significantly ameliorated cognitive function of AD mice in series of behavioral tests, including Morris water maze test, nest building test, novel object recognition test and step-down test. Additionally, cornuside could attenuate neuronal injury, and promote cholinergic synaptic transmission by restoring the level of acetylcholine (ACh) via inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), as well as facilitating choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). Furthermore, cornuside inhibited oxidative stress levels amplified as decreased malondialdehyde (MDA), by inhibiting TXNIP expression, improving total anti-oxidative capacity (TAOC), raising activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Cornuside also reduced the activation of microglia and astrocytes, decreased the level of proinflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS and COX2 via interfering RAGE-mediated IKK-IκB-NF-κB phosphorylation. Similar anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects were also found in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells via hampering RAGE-mediated TXNIP activation and NF-κB nuclear translocation. Virtual docking revealed that cornuside could interact with the active pocket of RAGE V domain directly. In conclusion, cornuside could bind to the RAGE directly impeding the interaction of Aβ and RAGE, and cut down the expression of TXNIP inhibiting ROS production and oxidative stress, as well as hamper NF-κB p65 mediated the inflammation.
Collapse
Grants
- ZRJY2023-QM10, ZRJY2021-BJ06, ZRJY2021-TD06, ZRJY2021-QM16, ZRJY2023-QM28 Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital
- ZRJY2023-QM10, ZRJY2021-BJ06, ZRJY2021-TD06, ZRJY2021-QM16, ZRJY2023-QM28 Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital
- ZRJY2023-QM10, ZRJY2021-BJ06, ZRJY2021-TD06, ZRJY2021-QM16, ZRJY2023-QM28 Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital
- ZRJY2023-QM10, ZRJY2021-BJ06, ZRJY2021-TD06, ZRJY2021-QM16, ZRJY2023-QM28 Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital
- ZRJY2023-QM10, ZRJY2021-BJ06, ZRJY2021-TD06, ZRJY2021-QM16, ZRJY2023-QM28 Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital
- ZRJY2023-QM10, ZRJY2021-BJ06, ZRJY2021-TD06, ZRJY2021-QM16, ZRJY2023-QM28 Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital
- 3332023096 Central Universities Fundamental for Basic Scientific Research of Peking Union Medical College
- 2022SLZDCY-001 Yan'an Science and Technology Plan Project
- 2022JZ-49 Key Project Funding for Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Basic Rearch Program
- 82273809, 82273815, 82073731 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82273809, 82273815, 82073731 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 2023-NHLHCRF-CXYW-01, 2022-NHLHCRF-YNZY-01 National High Level hospital Clinical Research Funding
- 2023-NHLHCRF-CXYW-01, 2022-NHLHCRF-YNZY-01 National High Level hospital Clinical Research Funding
- 2022-JKCS-16 Nonprofit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Science
- CPA-B04-ZC-2021-005 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association-Yiling Biomedical Innovation Fund Project
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Lian
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zexing Wang
- School of Life Science, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotang Yuan
- School of Life Science, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Congyuan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenping Wang
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunchi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA
| | - Hua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Laboratory of New Energy & New Function Materials, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiekun Xu
- School of Life Science, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun He
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiku Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang C, Mo J, Liu Q, Li W, Chen Y, Feng J, Jia J, Liu L, Bai Y, Zhou J. TXNIP/NLRP3 aggravates global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced cognitive decline in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27423. [PMID: 38496898 PMCID: PMC10944238 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (GCI/R) injury poses a risk for cognitive decline, with neuroinflammation considered pivotal in this process. This study aimed to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying GCI/R injury and propose a potential therapeutic strategy for associated cognitive deficits. Utilizing bioinformatics analysis of a public microarray profile (GSE30655 and GSE80681) in cerebral ischemic mice, it was observed that neuroinflammation emerged as a significant gene ontology item, with an increase in the expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and NLRP3 genes. Experimental models involving bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries in mice revealed that GCI/R induced cognitive impairment, along with a time-dependent increase in TXNIP and NLRP3 levels. Notably, TXNIP knockdown alleviated cognitive dysfunction in mice. Furthermore, the introduction of adeno-associated virus injection with TXNIP knockdown reduced the number of activated microglia, apoptosis neurons, and levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus. Collectively, these findings underscore the significance of TXNIP/NLRP3 in the hippocampus in exacerbating cognitive decline due to GCI/R injury, suggesting that TXNIP knockdown holds promise as a therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Mo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qingmei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Li
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, He Jiang People's Hospital, Luzhou, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yiping Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bai H, Zeng HM, Zhang QF, Hu YZ, Deng FF. Correlative factors of poor prognosis and abnormal cellular immune function in patients with Alzheimer's disease. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:1063-1075. [PMID: 38464932 PMCID: PMC10921302 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i6.1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious disease causing human dementia and social problems. The quality of life and prognosis of AD patients have attracted much attention. The role of chronic immune inflammation in the pathogenesis of AD is becoming more and more important. AIM To study the relationship among cognitive dysfunction, abnormal cellular immune function, neuroimaging results and poor prognostic factors in patients. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 62 hospitalized patients clinical diagnosed with AD who were admitted to our hospital from November 2015 to November 2020. Collect cognitive dysfunction performance characteristics, laboratory test data and neuroimaging data from medical records within 24 h of admission, including Mini Mental State Examination Scale score, drawing clock test, blood T lymphocyte subsets, and neutrophils and lymphocyte ratio (NLR), disturbance of consciousness, extrapyramidal symptoms, electroencephalogram (EEG) and head nucleus magnetic spectroscopy (MRS) and other data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent prognostic factors. the modified Rankin scale (mRS) was used to determine whether the prognosis was good. The correlation between drug treatment and prognostic mRS score was tested by the rank sum test. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed that abnormal cellular immune function, extrapyramidal symptoms, obvious disturbance of consciousness, abnormal EEG, increased NLR, abnormal MRS, and complicated pneumonia were related to the poor prognosis of AD patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the decrease in the proportion of T lymphocytes in the blood after abnormal cellular immune function (odd ratio: 2.078, 95% confidence interval: 1.156-3.986, P < 0.05) was an independent risk factor for predicting the poor prognosis of AD. The number of days of donepezil treatment to improve cognitive function was negatively correlated with mRS score (r = 0.578, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The decrease in the proportion of T lymphocytes may have predictive value for the poor prognosis of AD. It is recommended that the proportion of T lymphocytes < 55% is used as the cut-off threshold for predicting the poor prognosis of AD. The early and continuous drug treatment is associated with a good prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University in China, Duyun 558099, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hong-Mei Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Medical University, Duyun 558099, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qi-Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yue-Zhi Hu
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Medical University, Duyun 558099, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Fei-Fei Deng
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Medical University, Duyun 558099, Guizhou Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Minayoshi Y, Maeda H, Hamasaki K, Nagasaki T, Takano M, Fukuda R, Mizuta Y, Tanaka M, Sasaki Y, Otagiri M, Watanabe H, Maruyama T. Mouse Type-I Interferon-Mannosylated Albumin Fusion Protein for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:260. [PMID: 38399475 PMCID: PMC10893114 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Although a lot of effort has been put into creating drugs and combination therapies against chronic hepatitis, no effective treatment has been established. Type-I interferon is a promising therapeutic for chronic hepatitis due to its excellent anti-inflammatory effects through interferon receptors on hepatic macrophages. To develop a type-I IFN equipped with the ability to target hepatic macrophages through the macrophage mannose receptor, the present study designed a mouse type-I interferon-mannosylated albumin fusion protein using site-specific mutagenesis and albumin fusion technology. This fusion protein exhibited the induction of anti-inflammatory molecules, such as IL-10, IL-1Ra, and PD-1, in RAW264.7 cells, or hepatoprotective effects on carbon tetrachloride-induced chronic hepatitis mice. As expected, such biological and hepatoprotective actions were significantly superior to those of human fusion proteins. Furthermore, the repeated administration of mouse fusion protein to carbon tetrachloride-induced chronic hepatitis mice clearly suppressed the area of liver fibrosis and hepatic hydroxyproline contents, not only with a reduction in the levels of inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) and fibrosis-related genes (TGF-β, Fibronectin, Snail, and Collagen 1α2), but also with a shift in the hepatic macrophage phenotype from inflammatory to anti-inflammatory. Therefore, type-I interferon-mannosylated albumin fusion protein has the potential as a new therapeutic agent for chronic hepatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Minayoshi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.H.); (T.N.); (M.T.); (R.F.); (Y.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Hitoshi Maeda
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.H.); (T.N.); (M.T.); (R.F.); (Y.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Keisuke Hamasaki
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.H.); (T.N.); (M.T.); (R.F.); (Y.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Taisei Nagasaki
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.H.); (T.N.); (M.T.); (R.F.); (Y.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Mei Takano
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.H.); (T.N.); (M.T.); (R.F.); (Y.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Ryo Fukuda
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.H.); (T.N.); (M.T.); (R.F.); (Y.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Yuki Mizuta
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.H.); (T.N.); (M.T.); (R.F.); (Y.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Motohiko Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.S.)
- Public Health and Welfare Bureau, 5-1-1 Oe, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0971, Japan
| | - Yutaka Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.S.)
- Osaka Central Hospital, 3-3-30 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001, Japan
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan;
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.H.); (T.N.); (M.T.); (R.F.); (Y.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.H.); (T.N.); (M.T.); (R.F.); (Y.M.); (H.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Korhonen E. Inflammasome activation in response to aberrations of cellular homeostasis in epithelial cells from human cornea and retina. Acta Ophthalmol 2024; 102 Suppl 281:3-68. [PMID: 38386419 DOI: 10.1111/aos.16646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
|
7
|
Fertan E, Böken D, Murray A, Danial JSH, Lam JYL, Wu Y, Goh PA, Alić I, Cheetham MR, Lobanova E, Zhang YP, Nižetić D, Klenerman D. Cerebral organoids with chromosome 21 trisomy secrete Alzheimer's disease-related soluble aggregates detectable by single-molecule-fluorescence and super-resolution microscopy. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:369-386. [PMID: 38102482 PMCID: PMC11116105 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02333-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of small, soluble aggregates of beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is of great importance for the rational design of preventative therapies. Here we report a set of methods for the detection, quantification, and characterisation of soluble aggregates in conditioned media of cerebral organoids derived from human iPSCs with trisomy 21, thus containing an extra copy of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene. We detected soluble beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau aggregates secreted by cerebral organoids from both control and the isogenic trisomy 21 (T21) genotype. We developed a novel method to normalise measurements to the number of live neurons within organoid-conditioned media based on glucose consumption. Thus normalised, T21 organoids produced 2.5-fold more Aβ aggregates with a higher proportion of larger (300-2000 nm2) and more fibrillary-shaped aggregates than controls, along with 1.3-fold more soluble phosphorylated tau (pTau) aggregates, increased inflammasome ASC-specks, and a higher level of oxidative stress inducing thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). Importantly, all this was detectable prior to the appearance of histological amyloid plaques or intraneuronal tau-pathology in organoid slices, demonstrating the feasibility to model the initial pathogenic mechanisms for AD in-vitro using cells from live genetically pre-disposed donors before the onset of clinical disease. Then, using different iPSC clones generated from the same donor at different times in two independent experiments, we tested the reproducibility of findings in organoids. While there were differences in rates of disease progression between the experiments, the disease mechanisms were conserved. Overall, our results show that it is possible to non-invasively follow the development of pathology in organoid models of AD over time, by monitoring changes in the aggregates and proteins in the conditioned media, and open possibilities to study the time-course of the key pathogenic processes taking place.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emre Fertan
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Dorothea Böken
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Aoife Murray
- The Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John S H Danial
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Jeff Y L Lam
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Yunzhao Wu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Pollyanna A Goh
- The Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Ivan Alić
- The Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matthew R Cheetham
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Evgeniia Lobanova
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Yu P Zhang
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Dean Nižetić
- The Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Klenerman
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gong H, Zhang P, Hu X, Zhang B. Integrated multiomic data analysis reveals the clinical significance of TXNIP and contributing to immune microenvironment in triple negative breast cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 39:101808. [PMID: 37897832 PMCID: PMC10630669 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer with the worst clinical outcome. TNBC is not sensitive to typical endocrine therapy and targeted therapy. Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), known as a tumor suppressor, is related to oxidative stress and energy metabolism. However, the clinical significance of TXNIP in TNBC and mechanism in immunity have not been fully reported. In this study, we found that the expression of TXNIP was downregulated obviously in TNBC tissues and negatively correlated with tumor grade by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry staining of 108 TNBC tissues. Through in vivo and in vitro experiments, we identified TXNIP as a tumor suppressor in TNBC. By bulk mRNA and scRNA analysis, we found that TXNIP could enhance immune response in TNBC and was a potential biomarker for cancer immunity and immunotherapy. We also performed the drug susceptibility analysis to reveal the therapeutic value of TXNIP. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that TXNIP was a tumor suppressor in TNBC and was involved in tumor malignancy progression. TXNIP was a potential biomarker for immunotherapy and promising molecular therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Gong
- The 1st Department of Thoracic Surgery of Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 4100013, China; Molecular Biology Research Center and Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - PeiHe Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingming Hu
- The 1st Department of Thoracic Surgery of Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 4100013, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- The 1st Department of Thoracic Surgery of Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 4100013, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qaiser H, Uzair M, Al-Regaiey K, Rafiq S, Arshad M, Yoo WK, Arain OZ, Kaleem I, Abualait T, Wang L, Wang R, Bashir S. Role of Thioredoxin System in Regulating Cellular Redox Status in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:S97-S108. [PMID: 37545242 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and a public health problem. It exhibits significant oxidative stress and redox alterations. The antioxidant enzyme systems defend the cellular environment from oxidative stress. One of the redox systems is the thioredoxin system (TS), which exerts decisive control over the cellular redox environment. We aimed to review the protective effects of TS, which include thioredoxin (Trx), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and NADPH. In the following, we discussed the physiological functioning and the role of the TS in maintaining the cellular redox-homeostasis in the AD-damaged brain. Trx protects the cellular environment from oxidative stress, while TrxR is crucial for the cellular detoxification of reactive oxygen species in the brain. However, TS dysregulation increases the susceptibility to cellular death. The changes in Trx and TrxR levels are significantly associated with AD progression. Though the data from human, animal, and cellular models support the neuroprotective role of TS in the brain of AD patients, the translational potential of these findings to clinical settings is not yet applied. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the emerging role of the TrxR-Trx system in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Qaiser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Uzair
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Al-Regaiey
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafia Rafiq
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Woo-Kyoung Yoo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Osama Zahid Arain
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imdad Kaleem
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Turki Abualait
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma ZY, Jiang C, Xu LL. Protein-protein interactions and related inhibitors involved in the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 74:14-28. [PMID: 37758629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3) receptor serves as the central node of immune sensing in the innate immune system, and plays an important role in the initiation and progression of chronic diseases. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has provided insights into the conformation of various oligomers within the NLRP3 activation pathway, significantly advancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Despite the extensive network of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) involved in the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, the utilization of protein-protein interactions has been relatively overlooked in the development of NLRP3 inhibitors. This review focuses on summarizing PPIs within the NLRP3 inflammasome activation pathway and small molecule inhibitors capable of interfering with PPIs to counteract the NLRP3 overactivation. Small molecule NLRP3 inhibitors have been gained significant attention owing to their remarkable efficacy, excellent safety profiles, and unique mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Li-Li Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Deng J, Pan T, Liu Z, McCarthy C, Vicencio JM, Cao L, Alfano G, Suwaidan AA, Yin M, Beatson R, Ng T. The role of TXNIP in cancer: a fine balance between redox, metabolic, and immunological tumor control. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1877-1892. [PMID: 37794178 PMCID: PMC10703902 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is commonly considered a master regulator of cellular oxidation, regulating the expression and function of Thioredoxin (Trx). Recent work has identified that TXNIP has a far wider range of additional roles: from regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, to cell cycle arrest and inflammation. Its expression is increased by stressors commonly found in neoplastic cells and the wider tumor microenvironment (TME), and, as such, TXNIP has been extensively studied in cancers. In this review, we evaluate the current literature regarding the regulation and the function of TXNIP, highlighting its emerging role in modulating signaling between different cell types within the TME. We then assess current and future translational opportunities and the associated challenges in this area. An improved understanding of the functions and mechanisms of TXNIP in cancers may enhance its suitability as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Deng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Clinical Pathology Center (CPC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
| | - Teng Pan
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Caitlin McCarthy
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jose M Vicencio
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital and Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China
| | - Giovanna Alfano
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ali Abdulnabi Suwaidan
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Clinical Pathology Center (CPC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
| | - Richard Beatson
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), Rayne 9 Building, London, WC1E 6JF, UK.
| | - Tony Ng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
- Cancer Research UK City of London Centre, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lv W, Wu X, Dou Y, Yan Y, Chen L, Fei Z, Fei F. Homer1 Protects against Retinal Ganglion Cell Pyroptosis by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Associated TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion-Induced Retinal Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16811. [PMID: 38069134 PMCID: PMC10706256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal ischemia, after cerebral ischemia, is an easily overlooked pathophysiological problem in which inflammation is considered to play an important role. Pyroptosis is a kind of cell death pattern accompanied by inflammation. Homer scaffold protein 1 (Homer1) has anti-inflammation properties and protects against ischemic injury. However, little is known about pyroptosis following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced retinal ischemia and the regulatory mechanisms involved by Homer1 for the development of pyroptosis. In the present study, retinal ischemic injury was induced in mice by permanent MCAO in vivo, and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were subjected to Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation (OGD) to establish an in vitro model. It was shown that TXNIP/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis was located predominantly in RGCs, which gradually increased after retinal ischemia and peaked at 24 h after retinal ischemia. Interestingly, the RGCs pyroptosis occurred not only in the cell body but also in the axon. Notably, the occurrence of pyroptosis coincided with the change of Homer1 expression in the retina after retinal ischemia and Homer1 also co-localized with RGCs. It was demonstrated that overexpression of Homer1 not only alleviated RGCs pyroptosis and inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory factors but also led to the increase in phosphorylation of AMPK, inhibition of ER stress, and preservation of visual function after retinal ischemia. In conclusion, it was suggested that Homer1 may protect against MCAO-induced retinal ischemia and RGCs pyroptosis by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation after MCAO-induced retinal ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an 710032, China; (W.L.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Xiuquan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an 710032, China; (W.L.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yanan Dou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an 710032, China; (W.L.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yiwen Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an 710032, China; (W.L.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Leiying Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Zhou Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an 710032, China; (W.L.); (X.W.); (Y.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Fei Fei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an 710032, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Park KH, Lee H, Kim HC, Choi I, Han SB, Kang JS. VDUP1 Deficiency Promotes the Severity of DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice by Inducing Macrophage Infiltration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13584. [PMID: 37686390 PMCID: PMC10487977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss of vitamin D3 upregulated protein 1 (VDUP1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammation-related diseases. Notably, reduced expression of VDUP1 has been observed in clinical specimens of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the role of VDUP1 deficiency in colitis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of VDUP1 in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice. VDUP1-deficient mice were more susceptible to DSS-induced colitis than their wild-type (WT) littermates after 2% DSS administration. VDUP1-deficient mice exhibited an increased disease activity index (DAI) and histological scores, as well as significant colonic goblet cell loss and an increase in apoptotic cells. These changes were accompanied by a significant decrease in MUC2 mRNA expression and a marked increase in proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines within damaged tissues. Furthermore, phosphorylated NF-κB p65 expression was significantly upregulated in damaged tissues in the context of VDUP1 deficiency. VDUP1 deficiency also led to significant infiltration of macrophages into the site of ulceration. An in vitro chemotaxis assay confirmed that VDUP1 deficiency enhanced bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) chemotaxis induced by CCL2. Overall, this study highlights VDUP1 as a regulator of UC pathogenesis and a potential target for the future development of therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji, Cheongwon, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea; (K.H.P.); (H.L.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - Hyunju Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji, Cheongwon, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea; (K.H.P.); (H.L.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji, Cheongwon, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea; (K.H.P.); (H.L.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - Inpyo Choi
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro Yuseoung-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 194-21 Osongsaengmyung-1-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jong Soon Kang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji, Cheongwon, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea; (K.H.P.); (H.L.); (H.-C.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Brahadeeswaran S, Dasgupta T, Manickam V, Saraswathi V, Tamizhselvi R. NLRP3: a new therapeutic target in alcoholic liver disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1215333. [PMID: 37520548 PMCID: PMC10374212 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1215333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is in charge of a wide range of critical physiological processes and it plays an important role in activating the innate immune system which elicits the inflammatory events. Chronic ethanol exposure disrupts hepatic inflammatory mechanism and leads to the release of proinflammatory mediators such as chemokines, cytokines and activation of inflammasomes. The mechanism of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis involve activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to the destruction of hepatocytes and subsequent metabolic dysregulation in humans. In addition, increasing evidence suggests that alcohol intake significantly modifies liver epigenetics, promoting the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Epigenetic changes including histone modification, microRNA-induced genetic modulation, and DNA methylation are crucial in alcohol-evoked cell signaling that affects gene expression in the hepatic system. Though we are at the beginning stage without having the entire print of epigenetic signature, it is time to focus more on NLRP3 inflammasome and epigenetic modifications. Here we review the novel aspect of ALD pathology linking to inflammation and highlighting the role of epigenetic modification associated with NLRP3 inflammasome and how it could be a therapeutic target in ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhashini Brahadeeswaran
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tiasha Dasgupta
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkatraman Manickam
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Viswanathan Saraswathi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Ramasamy Tamizhselvi
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Choi EH, Park SJ. TXNIP: A key protein in the cellular stress response pathway and a potential therapeutic target. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-01019-8. [PMID: 37394581 PMCID: PMC10393958 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), which is also known as thioredoxin-binding protein 2 (TBP2), directly interacts with the major antioxidant protein thioredoxin (TRX) and inhibits its antioxidant function and expression. However, recent studies have demonstrated that TXNIP is a multifunctional protein with functions beyond increasing intracellular oxidative stress. TXNIP activates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex formation, triggers mitochondrial stress-induced apoptosis, and stimulates inflammatory cell death (pyroptosis). These newly discovered functions of TXNIP highlight its role in disease development, especially in response to several cellular stress factors. In this review, we provide an overview of the multiple functions of TXNIP in pathological conditions and summarize its involvement in various diseases, such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss the potential of TXNIP as a therapeutic target and TXNIP inhibitors as novel therapeutic drugs for treating these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Hwan Choi
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, 41061, South Korea
| | - Sun-Ji Park
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, 41061, South Korea.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Prater KE, Green KJ, Mamde S, Sun W, Cochoit A, Smith CL, Chiou KL, Heath L, Rose SE, Wiley J, Keene CD, Kwon RY, Snyder-Mackler N, Blue EE, Logsdon B, Young JE, Shojaie A, Garden GA, Jayadev S. Human microglia show unique transcriptional changes in Alzheimer's disease. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:894-907. [PMID: 37248328 PMCID: PMC10353942 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00424-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, influence Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression and are potential therapeutic targets. However, microglia exhibit diverse functions, the regulation of which is not fully understood, complicating therapeutics development. To better define the transcriptomic phenotypes and gene regulatory networks associated with AD, we enriched for microglia nuclei from 12 AD and 10 control human dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (7 males and 15 females, all aged >60 years) before single-nucleus RNA sequencing. Here we describe both established and previously unrecognized microglial molecular phenotypes, the inferred gene networks driving observed transcriptomic change, and apply trajectory analysis to reveal the putative relationships between microglial phenotypes. We identify microglial phenotypes more prevalent in AD cases compared with controls. Further, we describe the heterogeneity in microglia subclusters expressing homeostatic markers. Our study demonstrates that deep profiling of microglia in human AD brain can provide insight into microglial transcriptional changes associated with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin J Green
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sainath Mamde
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Biostatistics Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Carole L Smith
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kenneth L Chiou
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Shannon E Rose
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ronald Y Kwon
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Noah Snyder-Mackler
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Blue
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Benjamin Logsdon
- Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jessica E Young
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ali Shojaie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gwenn A Garden
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Suman Jayadev
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sbai O, Bazzani V, Tapaswi S, McHale J, Vascotto C, Perrone L. Is Drp1 a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in Alzheimer's disease? Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1166879. [PMID: 37251647 PMCID: PMC10213291 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1166879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances highlight that inflammation is critical to Alzheimer Disease (AD) pathogenesis. Indeed, several diseases characterized by inflammation are considered risk factors for AD, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and traumatic brain injury. Moreover, allelic variations in genes involved in the inflammatory cascade are risk factors for AD. AD is also characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, which affects the energy homeostasis of the brain. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction has been characterized mostly in neuronal cells. However, recent data are demonstrating that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs also in inflammatory cells, promoting inflammation and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which in turn induce neurodegeneration. In this review, we summarize the recent finding supporting the hypothesis of the inflammatory-amyloid cascade in AD. Moreover, we describe the recent data that demonstrate the link between altered mitochondrial dysfunction and the inflammatory cascade. We focus in summarizing the role of Drp1, which is involved in mitochondrial fission, showing that altered Drp1 activation affects the mitochondrial homeostasis and leads to the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, promoting the inflammatory cascade, which in turn aggravates Amyloid beta (Ab) deposition and tau-induced neurodegeneration, showing the relevance of this pro-inflammatory pathway as an early event in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oualid Sbai
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT02, Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LTCII), Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Joshua McHale
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Carlo Vascotto
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- IMol Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lorena Perrone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang M, Zhang H, Liang J, Huang J, Chen N. Exercise suppresses neuroinflammation for alleviating Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:76. [PMID: 36935511 PMCID: PMC10026496 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02753-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease, with the characteristics of neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) and senile plaque (SP) formation. Although great progresses have been made in clinical trials based on relevant hypotheses, these studies are also accompanied by the emergence of toxic and side effects, and it is an urgent task to explore the underlying mechanisms for the benefits to prevent and treat AD. Herein, based on animal experiments and a few clinical trials, neuroinflammation in AD is characterized by long-term activation of pro-inflammatory microglia and the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes. Damaged signals from the periphery and within the brain continuously activate microglia, thus resulting in a constant source of inflammatory responses. The long-term chronic inflammatory response also exacerbates endoplasmic reticulum oxidative stress in microglia, which triggers microglia-dependent immune responses, ultimately leading to the occurrence and deterioration of AD. In this review, we systematically summarized and sorted out that exercise ameliorates AD by directly and indirectly regulating immune response of the central nervous system and promoting hippocampal neurogenesis to provide a new direction for exploring the neuroinflammation activity in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Wang
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jiling Liang
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jielun Huang
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jia J, Xu G, Zhu D, Liu H, Zeng X, Li L. Advances in the Functions of Thioredoxin System in Central Nervous System Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:425-441. [PMID: 35761787 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The thioredoxin system comprises thioredoxin (Trx), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, besides an endogenous Trx inhibitor, the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). The Trx system plays critical roles in maintaining the redox homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS), in which oxidative stress damage is prone to occurrence due to its high-energy demand. Recent Advances: Increasing studies have demonstrated that the expression or activity of Trx/TrxR is usually decreased and that TXNIP expression is increased in patients with CNS diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and depression, as well as in their cellular and animal models. The compromise of Trx/TrxR enhances the susceptibility of neurons to related pathological state. Increased TXNIP not only enhances the inhibition of Trx activity, but also activates the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome, resulting in neuroinflammation in the brain. Critical Issues: In this review, we highlight the sources of oxidative stress in the CNS. The expression and function of the Trx system are summarized in different CNS diseases. This review also mentions that some inducers of Trx show neuroprotection in CNS diseases. Future Directions: Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the important roles of the Trx system in CNS diseases, suggesting that the Trx system may be a promising therapeutic target for CNS diseases. Further study should aim to develop the most effective inducers of Trx and specific inhibitors of TXNIP and to apply them in the clinical trials for the treatment of CNS diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 425-441.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Jia
- Research Center of Neuroscience, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China.,Department of Physiology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China
| | - Guangtao Xu
- Department of Forensic and Pathology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Hongjun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Xin'an International Hospital, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiansi Zeng
- Research Center of Neuroscience, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China
| | - Li Li
- Research Center of Neuroscience, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China.,Department of Physiology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ameliorative effects of bromelain on aluminum-induced Alzheimer's disease in rats through modulation of TXNIP pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:1119-1131. [PMID: 36462588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known as "type 3 diabetes". As thioredoxin binding protein (TXNIP) has been shown to be involved in brain insulin resistance, the present study evaluated the roles of TXNIP, phospho-insulin receptor substrate 1 (P-IRS-1), and phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) in the pathogenesis of AD. The potential ameliorative effect of bromelain compared to donepezil was evaluated in an aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced AD in rats. Behavioral tests demonstrated similar improvements in exploratory activity, cognitive and spatial memory functions, anxiety, and depression levels between rats treated with bromelain and donepezil. Donepezil was superior to bromelain in improving locomotor activity. Histopathological examinations demonstrated neuronal degeneration in the AlCl3 group that was almost normalized by bromelain and donepezil. Moreover, there was deposition of amyloid plaques in the AlCl3 group that was improved by bromelain and donepezil. Acetylcholine esterase levels were significantly increased in rats treated with AlCl3 group and significantly decreased in rats treated with bromelain and donepezil. Furthermore, AlCl3 group showed a significantly increased TXNIP and P-IRS1 and a significantly reduced PI3K levels. These effects were ameliorated by bromelain and donepezil treatment. The present study demonstrates a previously unreported modulatory effect of bromelain on the TXNIP/P-IRS-1/PI3K axis in AD model.
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang Y, Hu H, Liu X, Guo X. Hypoglycemic medicines in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Pathophysiological links between AD and glucose metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1138499. [PMID: 36909158 PMCID: PMC9995522 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1138499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a global chronic disease in adults with beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau protein as the pathologic characteristics. Although the exact etiology of AD is still not fully elucidated, aberrant metabolism including insulin signaling and mitochondria dysfunction plays an important role in the development of AD. Binding to insulin receptor substrates, insulin can transport through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), thus mediating insulin signaling pathways to regulate physiological functions. Impaired insulin signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt/GSK3β and MAPK pathways, could cause damage to the brain in the pathogenesis of AD. Mitochondrial dysfunction and overexpression of TXNIP could also be causative links between AD and DM. Some antidiabetic medicines may have benefits in the treatment of AD. Metformin can be beneficial for cognition improvement in AD patients, although results from clinical trials were inconsistent. Exendin-4 may affect AD in animal models but there is a lack of clinical trials. Liraglutide and dulaglutide could also benefit AD patients in adequate clinical studies but not semaglutide. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (DPP4is) such as saxagliptin, vildagliptin, linagliptin, and sitagliptin could boost cognitive function in animal models. And SGLT2 inhibitors such as empagliflozin and dapagliflozin were also considerably protective against new-onset dementia in T2DM patients. Insulin therapy is a promising therapy but some studies indicated that it may increase the risk of AD. Herbal medicines are helpful for cognitive function and neuroprotection in the brain. For example, polyphenols, alkaloids, glycosides, and flavonoids have protective benefits in cognition function and glucose metabolism. Focusing on glucose metabolism, we summarized the pharmacological mechanism of hypoglycemic drugs and herbal medicines. New treatment approaches including antidiabetic synthesized drugs and herbal medicines would be provided to patients with AD. More clinical trials are needed to produce definite evidence for the effectiveness of hypoglycemic medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Guo
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bjørklund G, Zou L, Peana M, Chasapis CT, Hangan T, Lu J, Maes M. The Role of the Thioredoxin System in Brain Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2161. [PMID: 36358532 PMCID: PMC9686621 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The thioredoxin system, consisting of thioredoxin (Trx), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and NADPH, plays a fundamental role in the control of antioxidant defenses, cell proliferation, redox states, and apoptosis. Aberrations in the Trx system may lead to increased oxidative stress toxicity and neurodegenerative processes. This study reviews the role of the Trx system in the pathophysiology and treatment of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, brain stroke, and multiple sclerosis. Trx system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of those disorders via multiple interactions through oxidative stress, apoptotic, neuro-immune, and pro-survival pathways. Multiple aberrations in Trx and TrxR systems related to other redox systems and their multiple reciprocal relationships with the neurodegenerative, neuro-inflammatory, and neuro-oxidative pathways are here analyzed. Genetic and environmental factors (nutrition, metals, and toxins) may impact the function of the Trx system, thereby contributing to neuropsychiatric disease. Aberrations in the Trx and TrxR systems could be a promising drug target to prevent and treat neurodegenerative, neuro-inflammatory, neuro-oxidative stress processes, and related brain disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Toften 24, 8610 Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Lili Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Christos T. Chasapis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Tony Hangan
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Embryonic Deletion of TXNIP in GABAergic Neurons Enhanced Oxidative Stress in PV+ Interneurons in Primary Somatosensory Cortex of Aging Mice: Relevance to Schizophrenia. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12101395. [PMID: 36291328 PMCID: PMC9599691 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is susceptible to perturbations of redox balance, affecting neurogenesis and increasing the risks of psychiatric disorders. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is an endogenous inhibitor of the thioredoxin antioxidant system. Its deletion or inhibition suggests protection for a brain with ischemic stroke or Alzheimer’s disease. Combined with conditional knockout mice and schizophrenia samples, we aimed to investigate the function of TXNIP in healthy brain and psychiatric disorders, which are under-studied. We found TXNIP was remarkedly expressed in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during healthy mice’s prenatal and early postnatal periods, whereas it rapidly decreased throughout adulthood. During early life, TXNIP was primarily distributed in inhibitory and excitatory neurons. Contrary to the protective effect, the embryonic deletion of TXNIP in GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic) neurons enhanced oxidative stress in PV+ interneurons of aging mice. The deleterious impact was brain region-specific. We also investigated the relationship between TXNIP and schizophrenia. TXNIP was significantly increased in the PFC of schizophrenia-like mice after MK801 administration, followed by oxidative stress. First episode and drug naïve schizophrenia patients with a higher level of plasma TXNIP displayed severer psychiatric symptoms than patients with a low level. We indicated a bidirectional function of TXNIP in the brain, whose high expression in the early stage is protective for development but might be harmful in a later period, associated with mental disorders.
Collapse
|
24
|
Anti-inflammatory effect of glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonist on the neurosensory retina in an acute optic nerve injury rat model. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 933:175269. [PMID: 36103932 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the possibility of using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) as a new treatment for neuroinflammation, by analyzing retinal pathological changes in an optic nerve crush rat model. METHODS Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into lixisenatide (LIX, n = 10), traumatic control (T-CON, n = 10), and normal control (n = 5) groups. The optic nerves of left eyes in the LIX and T-CON groups were crushed in a standardized manner. The LIX group was treated with subcutaneous injections of lixisenatide (200 μg/kg/day) for 5 days. One week after initiating treatment, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry analyses were performed on the retinal tissues of each group to identify inflammatory markers. RESULTS The LIX group showed significantly lower mRNA levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) than the T-CON group. Also, the LIX group exhibited decreased TXNIP and GFAP expression compared with the T-CON group, and similar expression to the normal control group, according to Western blot analysis. Significantly increased immunohistochemistry staining of Brn3a and decreased TUNEL staining were seen in the LIX group compared with the T-CON group, indicating that lixisenatide contributes to retinal ganglion cell survival in cases of acute optic nerve injury. CONCLUSIONS Neuroinflammation was significantly reduced in lixisenatide-treated retinas compared with untreated retinas in our acute optic nerve injury rat model. The neuroprotective effect of lixisenatide indicates that it can serve a new treatment option against clinically intractable traumatic optic neuropathy.
Collapse
|
25
|
Downregulation of Inflammatory Response via Nrf2/Trx1/TXNIP Axis in Oxidative Stress-Induced ARPE-19 Cells and Mouse Model of AMD. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1497813. [PMID: 35993020 PMCID: PMC9391142 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1497813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aim Chronic inflammation is crucial for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis. However, the mechanism involved in activating inflammation remains unclear. This study is aimed at investigating whether nuclear factor erythrocyte-associated factor 2 (Nrf2) negatively regulated the Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes through the thioredoxin 1 (Trx1)/thioredoxin interaction protein (TXNIP) complex. Methods We determined the optimal hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration, time, and changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. We also constructed animal models using blue LED irradiation. Then, the expression of Nrf2, TXNIP, Trx1, NLRP3, and inflammation-related factors and proteins, along with the changes in retinal thickness and functional status, was analyzed. Results The oxidative stress model was established after 1 h intervention with 100 μM H2O2. Nrf2 reduced ROS production, protected the ultrastructure of mitochondria, increased the thickness of the ONL layer, and increased the amplitude of a- and b-wave amplitudes in ERG. Trx1 knockdown increased the production of ROS, damaged the ultrastructure of mitochondria, reduced the thickness of the other ONL layer, and reduced the amplitudes of a- and b-waves in the electroretinogram (ERG). Thus, TXNIP in the cytoplasm activated the inflammasomes. Conclusions Nrf2 showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in the H2O2-induced cell stress model and blue LED-induced retinal light damage model. TXNIP transferred from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, activated NLRP3, and aggravated the retinal injury in both the cell stress model and the animal blue LED model. In contrast, Trx1 knockout promoted this process. This study revealed the possible role of the thioredoxin system in developing AMD while also providing newer insights for the future treatment of AMD.
Collapse
|
26
|
Expression and Mechanism of TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome in Sciatic Nerve of Type 2 Diabetic Rats. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:9696303. [PMID: 35845136 PMCID: PMC9286945 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9696303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine the expression profiling and mechanism of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)/nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway in sciatic nerve (SN) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Methods Ten out of the 35 healthy SD rats (specific pathogen free) purchased were randomized into the control group, while the others were established a T2DM model by feeding a high-fat and high-sugar diet plus laparoscopic injection of 1% streptozotocin (STZ). The successfully modeled rats were subgrouped into two arms: a DM group with 10 rats and a resveratrol- (RES-) treated DM intervention group with 11 rats. Normal saline to control and DM groups. Alterations in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight (BW) at different time points after administration were observed. Sciatic nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) and mechanical pain threshold (MPT) were measured. TXNIP, NLRP3, caspase-1, and interleukin- (IL-) 1β levels in rat SN tissue were determined. Results DM group rats showed higher FBG and lower BW than control rats at different time points (P < 0.05). The FBG of DM intervention group at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after administration was lower, and the BW at 4 and 6 weeks after dosing was higher than DM group. Higher MPT and SNCV were determined in DM intervention group versus DM group (P < 0.05). DM group rats had disordered, swollen, and dissolved SN myelin sheath structure; TXNIP inhibition led to a small amount of nerve myelin fragments and mild pathological changes. Lower TXNIP, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β protein levels were found in DM intervention group versus DM group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy in T2DM rats may be linked to TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway activation, indicating the potential of this pathway as a therapeutic target for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).
Collapse
|
27
|
Cheng F, Wang N. N-Lobe of TXNIP Is Critical in the Allosteric Regulation of NLRP3 via TXNIP Binding. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:893919. [PMID: 35721021 PMCID: PMC9201253 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.893919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are cytoplasmic complexes that form in response to exogenous microbial invasions and endogenous damage signals. Among the known inflammasomes, the activation of the NACHT (NAIP, CIITA, HET-E, and TP1 domain), leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is also primarily related to neuroinflammation and nerve cell damage. Previous studies reported that under the stimulation of dangerous signals like reactive oxygen species (ROS), the overexpression and interaction of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) with NLRP3 may trigger the inflammatory response through the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway. This inflammatory response is the pathophysiological basis of some neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. The activation of inflammasome and apoptosis caused by TXNIP are widespread in brain diseases. Previous report has suggested the TXNIP/NLRP3 interaction interface. However, the comprehensive model of the TXNIP/NLRP3 interaction is still unclear. In this study, molecular docking experiments based on the existing crystal model of NLRP3 were performed to investigate the binding of TXNIP and NLRP3. Three in silico models of the TXNIP/NLRP3 complex were selected, and molecular dynamics simulations evaluated the binding stability of the possible interaction between the two proteins. The results revealed that the E690, E693, and D745 residues in NLRP3 and the K212 and R238 residues in TXNIP play a critical role in the TXNIP/NLRP3 interaction. N-terminal of TXNIP is essential in promoting the conformational changes of NLRP3, although it does not directly bind to NLRP3. Our findings reveal the possible binding mechanism between TXNIP and NLRP3 and the associated allosteric regulation of NLRP3. The constructed models may also be useful for inhibitor development targeting the TXNIP/NLRP3 interaction during inflammasome activation via the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway.
Collapse
|
28
|
Yu W, Zong S, Zhou P, Wei J, Wang E, Ming R, Xiao H. Cochlear Marginal Cell Pyroptosis Is Induced by Cisplatin via NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:823439. [PMID: 35529876 PMCID: PMC9067579 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.823439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Better understanding the mechanism of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is of great significance for clinical prevention and treatment of cisplatin-related hearing loss. However, the mechanism of cisplatin-induced inflammatory response in cochlear stria vascularis and the mechanism of marginal cell (MC) damage have not been fully clarified. In this study, a stable model of cisplatin-induced MC damage was established in vitro, and the results of PCR and Western blotting showed increased expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and GSDMD in MCs. Incomplete cell membranes including many small pores appearing on the membrane were also observed under transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, downregulation of NLRP3 by small interfering RNA can alleviate cisplatin-induced MC pyroptosis, and reducing the expression level of TXNIP possesses the inhibition effect on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its mediated pyroptosis. Taken together, our results suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome activation may mediate cisplatin-induced MC pyroptosis in cochlear stria vascularis, and TXNIP is a possible upstream regulator, which may be a promising therapeutic target for alleviating cisplatin-induced hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shimin Zong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Enhao Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruijie Ming
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjun Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang R, Guo Y, Li L, Luo M, Peng L, Lv D, Cheng Z, Xue Q, Wang L, Huang J. Role of thioredoxin-interacting protein in mediating endothelial dysfunction in hypertension. Genes Dis 2022; 9:753-765. [PMID: 35782967 PMCID: PMC9243351 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress is a major causative factor of endothelial dysfunction in hypertension. As an endogenous pro-oxidant, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) contributes to oxidative damage in various tissues. The present study aimed to investigate the role of TXNIP in mediating endothelial dysfunction in hypertension. In vivo, an experimental model of acquired hypertension was established with two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) surgery. The expression of TXNIP in the vascular endothelial cells of multiple vessels was significantly increased in hypertensive rats compared with sham-operated rats. Resveratrol, a TXNIP inhibitor, suppressed vascular oxidative damage and increased the expression and activity of eNOS in the aorta of hypertensive rats. Notably, impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation was effectively improved by TXNIP inhibition in hypertensive rats. In vitro, we observed that Ang II increased the expression of TXNIP in primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and that TXNIP knockdown by RNA interference alleviated cellular oxidative stress damage and mitigated the impaired eNOS activation and intracellular nitric oxide (NO) production observed in Ang II-treated HAECs. However, inhibiting thioredoxin (TRX) with PX-12 completely blunted the protective effect of silencing TXNIP. In addition, TXNIP knockdown facilitated TRX expression and promoted TRX nuclear translocation to further activate AP1 and REF1. TRX overexpression exhibited favorable effects on eNOS/NO homeostasis in Ang II-treated HAECs. Thus, TXNIP contributes to oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in hypertension, and these effects are dependent on the antioxidant capacity of TRX, suggesting that targeting TXNIP may be a novel strategy for antihypertensive therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yongzheng Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lingjiao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Minghao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Linqian Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Dingyi Lv
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Qian Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing 400010, PR China. Fax: +86 23 63711527.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
TXNIP: A Double-Edged Sword in Disease and Therapeutic Outlook. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7805115. [PMID: 35450411 PMCID: PMC9017576 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7805115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) was originally named vitamin D3 upregulated protein-1 (VDUP1) because of its ability to bind to thioredoxin (TRX) and inhibit TRX function and expression. TXNIP is an alpha-arrestin protein that is essential for redox homeostasis in the human body. TXNIP may act as a double-edged sword in the cell. The balance of TXNIP is crucial. A study has shown that TXNIP can travel between diverse intracellular locations and bind to different proteins to play different roles under oxidative stress. The primary function of TXNIP is to induce apoptosis or pyroptosis under oxidative stress. TXNIP also inhibits proliferation and migration in cancer cells, although TXNIP levels decrease, and function diminishes in various cancers. In this review, we summarized the main structure, binding proteins, pathways, and the role of TXNIP in diseases, aiming to explore the double-edged sword role of TXNIP, and expect it to be helpful for future treatment using TXNIP as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
31
|
Sbai O, Djelloul M, Auletta A, Ieraci A, Vascotto C, Perrone L. AGE-TXNIP axis drives inflammation in Alzheimer's by targeting Aβ to mitochondria in microglia. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:302. [PMID: 35379773 PMCID: PMC8980056 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. Although neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are well-recognized features of AD, their correlations with the early molecular events characterizing the pathology are not yet well clarified. Here, we characterize the role of RAGE-TXNIP axis in neuroinflammation in relation to amyloid-beta (Aβ) burden in both in vivo and in vitro models. In the hippocampus of 5xFAD mice microglial activation, cytokine secretion, and glial fibrillary acidic protein-enhanced expression are paralleled with increased TXNIP expression. TXNIP silencing or its pharmacological inhibition prevents neuroinflammation in those mice. TXNIP is also associated with RAGE and Aβ. In particular, RAGE-TXNIP axis is required for targeting Aβ in mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Silencing of TXNIP or inhibition of RAGE activation reduces Aβ transport from the cellular surface to mitochondria, restores mitochondrial functionality, and mitigates Aβ toxicity. Furthermore, Aβ shuttling into mitochondria promotes Drp1 activation and exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction, which induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to secretion of IL-1β and activation of the pyroptosis-associated protein Gasdermin D (GSDMD). Downregulation of RAGE-TXNIP axis inhibits Aβ-induced mitochondria dysfunction, inflammation, and induction of GSDMD. Herein we unveil a new pathway driven by TXNIP that links the mitochondrial transport of Aβ to the activation of Drp1 and the NLRP3 inflammasome, promoting the secretion of IL-1β and the pyroptosis pathway associated with GSDMD cleavage. Altogether these data shed new light on a novel mechanism of action of RAGE-TXNIP axis in microglia, which is intertwined with Aβ and ultimately causes mitochondria dysfunction and NLRP3 inflammasome cascade activation, suggesting TXNIP as a druggable target to be better deepened for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oualid Sbai
- Caminnov sas, Montpellier, France
- University Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Antonia Auletta
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ieraci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Vascotto
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - L Perrone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
- DKFZ, Department of Functional and Structural Genomics, Heidelberg, Germany.
- University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chai W, Zhang J, Xiang Z, Zhang H, Mei Z, Nie H, Xu R, Zhang P. Potential of nobiletin against Alzheimer's disease through inhibiting neuroinflammation. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1145-1154. [PMID: 35267136 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the mechanism of Nobiletin attenuating Alzheimer's disease (AD) by inhibiting neuroinflammation. METHODS The expression of inflammatory cytokines and HMGB-1 in serum of AD patients were examined. Microglia (MGs) were treated with different doses of Nobiletin before LPS and Nigericin induction. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by CCK-8 and TUNEL assays, respectively. APP/PS1 mice were gavaged with Nobiletin, and Morris water maze (MWM) was established to record swimming speed, escape latency, the number of platform crossings, and time spent in the platform quadrant. MGs activation in brain tissues was evaluated by immunofluorescence. The expression of pyroptosis-related proteins, inflammatory cytokines, and HMGB-1 was determined in the hippocampus and MGs. RESULTS The levels of inflammatory cytokines and HMGB-1 were high in serum of AD patients. Treatment with different concentrations of Nobiletin prominently enhanced cell viability and reduced apoptosis and the expression of inflammatory cytokine and pyroptosis-related proteins in LPS + Nigericin-induced MGs. Gavage of different doses of Nobiletin into APP/PS1 mice shortened the escape latency in mice, diminished MGs activation in brain tissues, and remarkably elevated the number of platform crossings and the time spent in the platform quadrant without obvious change in swimming speed, suggesting that Nobiletin improved the spatial learning and memory abilities in APP/PS1 mice. The expression of pyroptosis-related proteins, HMGB-1, and inflammatory cytokines was decreased dramatically by Nobiletin in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. CONCLUSIONS Nobiletin can inhibit neuroinflammation by inhibiting HMGB-1, pyroptosis-related proteins, and inflammatory cytokines, thus mitigating AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhengbing Xiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Honglian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhujun Mei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Hongbing Nie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Renxu Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Department of General Practice/General Family Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Localization of Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein in Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Brains. NEUROSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/neurosci3020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP) has been shown to have significant pathogenic roles in many human diseases, particularly those associated with diabetes and hyperglycemia. Its main mode of action is to sequester thioredoxins, resulting in enhanced oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to identify if cellular expression of TXNIP in human aged and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains correlated with pathological structures. This study employed fixed tissue sections and protein extracts of temporal cortex from AD and aged control brains. Studies employed light and fluorescent immunohistochemical techniques using the monoclonal antibody JY2 to TXNIP to identify cellular structures. Immunoblots were used to quantify relative amounts of TXNIP in brain protein extracts. The major finding was the identification of TXNIP immunoreactivity in selective neuronal populations and structures, particularly in non-AD brains. In AD brains, less neuronal TXNIP but increased numbers of TXNIP-positive plaque-associated microglia were observed. Immunoblot analyses showed no significant increase in levels of TXNIP protein in the AD samples tested. In conclusion, this study identified altered patterns of expression of TXNIP in human brains with progression of AD pathology.
Collapse
|
34
|
Tastan B, Arioz BI, Genc S. Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome With Nrf2 Inducers in Central Nervous System Disorders. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865772. [PMID: 35418995 PMCID: PMC8995746 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular multiprotein complex that plays an essential role in the innate immune system by identifying and eliminating a plethora of endogenous and exogenous threats to the host. Upon activation of the NLRP3 complex, pro-inflammatory cytokines are processed and released. Furthermore, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex can induce pyroptotic cell death, thereby propagating the inflammatory response. The aberrant activity and detrimental effects of NLRP3 inflammasome activation have been associated with cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, clinical strategies targeting the inhibition of the self-propelled NLRP3 inflammasome activation are required. The transcription factor Nrf2 regulates cellular stress response, controlling the redox equilibrium, metabolic programming, and inflammation. The Nrf2 pathway participates in anti-oxidative, cytoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities. This prominent regulator, through pharmacologic activation, could provide a therapeutic strategy for the diseases to the etiology and pathogenesis of which NLRP3 inflammasome contributes. In this review, current knowledge on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and Nrf2 pathways is presented; the relationship between NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and Nrf2 pathway, as well as the pre/clinical use of Nrf2 activators against NLRP3 inflammasome activation in disorders of the central nervous system, are thoroughly described. Cumulative evidence points out therapeutic use of Nrf2 activators against NLRP3 inflammasome activation or diseases that NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to would be advantageous to prevent inflammatory conditions; however, the side effects of these molecules should be kept in mind before applying them to clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bora Tastan
- Genc Laboratory, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burak I. Arioz
- Genc Laboratory, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sermin Genc
- Genc Laboratory, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey,Department of Neuroscience, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey,*Correspondence: Sermin Genc,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Miyahara H, Hasegawa K, Yashiro M, Ohara T, Fujisawa M, Yoshimura T, Matsukawa A, Tsukahara H. Thioredoxin interacting protein protects mice from fasting induced liver steatosis by activating ER stress and its downstream signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4819. [PMID: 35314758 PMCID: PMC8938456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08791-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Under normal conditions, fasting results in decreased protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) activity and accumulation of unfolded proteins, leading to the subsequent activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR)/autophagy signaling pathway to eliminate damaged mitochondria. Fasting also induces upregulation of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression and mice deficient of this protein (TXNIP-KO mice) was shown to develop severe hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia and liver steatosis (LS). In the present study, we aimed to determine the role of TXNIP in fasting-induced LS by using male TXNIP-KO mice that developed LS without severe hypoglycemia. In TXNIP-KO mice, fasting induced severe microvesicular LS. Examinations by transmission electron microscopy revealed mitochondria with smaller size and deformities and the presence of few autophagosomes. The expression of β-oxidation-associated genes remained at the same level and the level of LC3-II was low. PDI activity level stayed at the original level and the levels of p-IRE1 and X-box binding protein 1 spliced form (sXBP1) were lower. Interestingly, treatment of TXNIP-KO mice with bacitracin, a PDI inhibitor, restored the level of LC3-II after fasting. These results suggest that TXNIP regulates PDI activity and subsequent activation of the UPR/autophagy pathway and plays a protective role in fasting-induced LS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Miyahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan. .,Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Kosei Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masato Yashiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ohara
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Fujisawa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Matsukawa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsukahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yan K, Hu J, Hou T, Ci X, Peng L. Leonurine inhibits the TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF-κB pathways via Nrf2 activation to alleviate carrageenan-induced pleurisy in mice. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2161-2172. [PMID: 35285100 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in pleurisy. Leonurine (Leo) has been confirmed to exert antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects in many preclinical experiments, but these effects have not been studied in pleurisy. The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Leo in a carrageenan (CAR)-induced pleurisy model. In this study, we found that the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and decrease of glutathione (GSH) induced by CAR could be reversed by the treatment of Leo. Leo effectively reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and the percentages of mature macrophages and increased the levels of antiinflammatory cytokines (IL-10). Furthermore, Western blotting revealed that Leo significantly activated the Nrf2 pathway to restrain the thioredoxin-interacting protein/NOD-like receptor protein 3 (TXNIP/NLRP3) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathways. However, the protective effect of Leo was significantly weakened in Nrf2-deficient mice. These results indicate that Leo confers potent protection against CAR-induced pleurisy by inhibiting the TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF-κB pathways dependent on Nrf2, which may serve as a promising agent for attenuating pleurisy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianqiang Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianhua Hou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinxin Ci
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liping Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Basnet R, Bahadur T, Basnet BB, Khadka S. Overview on thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP): a potential target for diabetes intervention. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:761-767. [PMID: 35240955 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220303092324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder characterized by a persistent increment of blood glucose. Type 2 DM is characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is among the factors that control the production and loss of pancreatic β-cells. OBJECTIVE Recent studies have shown that high glucose can significantly up-regulate the expression of the TXNIP. Overexpression of TXNIP in β-cells not only induced apoptosis but also decreased the production of insulin. At the same time, TXNIP deficiency protected the apoptosis of β-cells, leading to increased insulin production. Therefore, finding small molecules that can modulate TXNIP expression and downstream signalling pathways is essential. Thus, the inhibition of TXNIP has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system and other tissues such as the heart and the kidney in DM. Therefore, DM treatment must target small TXNIP activity, inhibit expression, and promote endogenous cell mass and insulin production. CONCLUSION This review briefly describes the effect mechanism, regulatory mechanism, and crystal structure of TXNIP. In addition, we highlight how TXNIP signalling networks contribute to diabetes and interact with drugs that inhibit the development often and its complexes. Finally, the current status and prospects of TXNIP targeted therapy are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Basnet
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Til Bahadur
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Buddha Bahadur Basnet
- Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Government of Nepal, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Sandhya Khadka
- Department of Pharmacy, Hope International College, Purbanchal University, Lalitpur, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Inhibition of the PERK/TXNIP/NLRP3 Axis by Baicalin Reduces NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptosis in Macrophages Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:1805147. [PMID: 34790063 PMCID: PMC8592748 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1805147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains a significant threat to global health as it induces granuloma and systemic inflammatory responses during active tuberculosis. Mtb can induce macrophage pyroptosis, leading to the release of IL-1β and tissue damage, promoting its spread. Here, we established an in vitro Mtb-infected macrophage model to seek an effective antipyroptosis agent. Baicalin, isolated from Radix Scutellariae, was found to reduce pyroptosis in Mtb-infected macrophages. Baicalin could inhibit activation of the PERK/eIF2α pathway and thus downregulates TXNIP expression and subsequently reduces activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, resulting in reduced pyroptosis in Mtb-infected macrophages. In conclusion, baicalin reduced pyroptosis by inhibiting the PERK/TXNIP/NLRP3 axis and might thus be a new adjuvant host-directed therapy (HDT) drug.
Collapse
|
39
|
Cheng K, Wang J, Chen Q, Zhao G, Pang Y, Xu Y, Ge J, Zhu W. Inflammasome-mediated neurodegeneration following heart disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1560. [PMID: 34790766 PMCID: PMC8576725 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Myocardial infarction (MI) has been suggested as a critical predisposing factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) is a key factor to mediate inflammasome formation. Previous studies have shown that NLRP3 activation in brain microglia is required for AD; however, its possible role in MI-induced future development of neurodegeneration is not yet understood. These questions were addressed in the current study. Methods We generated microglia-specific NLRP3 mutation mice in the AD-prone APP/PS1 background (APP/PS1/NLRP3MKO), and studied the neurodegeneration in these mice after MI compared to the control wild-type C57/BL6J or APP/PS1 mice. NLRP3, IL-1β and caspase-1 levels were determined by Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). The heart function was determined by the slope of end systolic pressure-volume relationship, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, the positive maximal pressure derivative as well as the degree of fibrosis by Masson’s trichrome staining. Mouse behavior measurement includes Morris water-maze test and motor assessment. Results We found that compared with the control wild-type C57/BL6J or APP/PS1 mice, the effects of MI on the subsequent development of defected spatial reference memory and motor activity were all attenuated in APP/PS1/NLRP3MKO mice, likely resulting from the reduced formation of amyloid-beta peptide aggregates (Aβ) plaques. Conclusions NLRP3 may play a non-redundant role in the MI-induced future development of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Pang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhu Z, Huang P, Sun R, Li X, Li W, Gong W. A Novel Long-Noncoding RNA LncZFAS1 Prevents MPP +-Induced Neuroinflammation Through MIB1 Activation. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:778-799. [PMID: 34775541 PMCID: PMC8857135 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02619-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease remains one of the leading neurodegenerative diseases in developed countries. Despite well-defined symptomology and pathology, the complexity of Parkinson's disease prevents a full understanding of its etiological mechanism. Mechanistically, α-synuclein misfolding and aggregation appear to be central for disease progression, but mitochondrial dysfunction, dysfunctional protein clearance and ubiquitin/proteasome systems, and neuroinflammation have also been associated with Parkinson's disease. Particularly, neuroinflammation, which was initially thought to be a side effect of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis, has now been recognized as driver of Parkinson's disease exacerbation. Next-generation sequencing has been used to identify a plethora of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) with important transcriptional regulatory functions. Moreover, a myriad of lncRNAs are known to be regulators of inflammatory signaling and neurodegenerative diseases, including IL-1β secretion and Parkinson's disease. Here, LncZFAS1 was identified as a regulator of inflammasome activation, and pyroptosis in human neuroblast SH-SY5Y cells following MPP+ treatment, a common in vitro Parkinson's disease cell model. Mechanistically, TXNIP ubiquitination through MIB1 E3 ubiquitin ligase regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation in neuroblasts. In contrast, MPP+ activates the NLPR3 inflammasome through miR590-3p upregulation and direct interference with MIB1-dependent TXNIP ubiquitination. LncZFAS overexpression inhibits this entire pathway through direct interference with miR590-3p, exposing a novel research idea regarding the mechanism of Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziman Zhu
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Peiling Huang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Ruifeng Sun
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Wenshan Li
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Weijun Gong
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100144, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
An Epigenetic Insight into NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Inflammation-Related Processes. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111614. [PMID: 34829842 PMCID: PMC8615487 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome activation in innate immune cells, triggered by diverse cellular danger signals, leads to the production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18) and cell death by pyroptosis. These processes are involved in the pathogenesis of a wide range of diseases such as autoimmune, neurodegenerative, renal, metabolic, vascular diseases and cancer, and during physiological processes such as aging. Epigenetic dynamics mediated by changes in DNA methylation patterns, chromatin assembly and non-coding RNA expression are key regulators of the expression of inflammasome components and its further activation. Here, we review the role of the epigenome in the expression, assembly, and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, providing a critical overview of its involvement in the disease and discussing how targeting these mechanisms by epigenetic treatments could be a useful strategy for controlling NLRP3-related inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
42
|
Tang H, Harte M. Investigating Markers of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway in Alzheimer's Disease: A Human Post-Mortem Study. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111753. [PMID: 34828359 PMCID: PMC8622528 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammatory mechanisms with glial cell activation have been implicated in the pathogenic process of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is an essential component of the neuroinflammatory response. A role for NLRP3 activation in AD is supported by both in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies with little direct investigation of AD brain tissue. RNA expression of genes of three glial cell markers, HLA-DRA, AIF-1 and GFAP; the components of the NLRP3 inflammasome NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1; and downstream pre-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 β and IL-18, were investigated in the temporal cortex of AD patients and age- and sex-matched controls. Protein expression of GFAP was also assessed. Increases in both mRNA and protein expression were observed for GFAP in AD. There were no significant changes in other NLRP3 activation markers between groups. Our results indicate the involvement of astrocyte activation in AD, particularly in more severe patients. We found no evidence for the specific involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Department of Neurology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Michael Harte
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Xiang Y, Wang Z, Hui Q, Gwinn M, Vaccarino V, Sun YV. DNA Methylation of TXNIP Independently Associated with Inflammation and Diabetes Mellitus in Twins. Twin Res Hum Genet 2021; 24:273-280. [PMID: 34726138 PMCID: PMC10877446 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2021.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) plays a key role in diabetes development and prognosis through its role in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and death as well as in upregulating the inflammatory response in hyperglycemia. DNA methylation (DNAm) of TXNIP (TXNIP-cg19693031) is associated with the prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, its role in inflammation and its relationship with T2D remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the epigenetic associations of TXNIP-cg19693031 with a panel of inflammatory biomarkers and to examine whether these inflammatory biomarkers modify the association between TXNIP-cg19693031 methylation and diabetes in 218 middle-aged male twins from the Emory Twin Study. We confirmed the association of TXNIP-cg19693031 DNAm with T2D, as well as with HbA1c, insulin and fasting glucose. We found that hypomethylation at TXNIP-cg19693031 is strongly associated with both type 2 diabetes and higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, MMP-2, sRAGE and P-selectin); however, the relationship between TXNIP-cg19693031 and T2D is independent of the levels of these inflammatory biomarkers. Our results suggest that DNA methylation of TXNIP is linked with multiple biological processes, through which the TXNIP may have broad influence on chronic disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, USA
| | - Zeyuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, USA
| | - Qin Hui
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, USA
| | - Marta Gwinn
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, USA
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, USA
| | - Yan V. Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, USA
- Atlanta VA Healthcare System, Decatur, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Banerjee S, Huang Z, Wang Z, Nakashima A, Saito S, Sharma S, Cheng S. Etiological Value of Sterile Inflammation in Preeclampsia: Is It a Non-Infectious Pregnancy Complication? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:694298. [PMID: 34485175 PMCID: PMC8415471 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.694298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of sterile inflammation and its associated biological triggers and diseases is still at the elementary stage. This becomes more warranted in cases where infections are not associated with the pathology. Detrimental effects of bacterial and viral infections on the immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface as well as pregnancy outcomes have been well documented. However, an infection-induced etiology is not thought to be a major contributing component to severe pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes. How is then an inflammatory signal thought to be associated with these pregnancy complications? It is not clear what type of inflammation is involved in the onset of PE-like features. We opine that sterile inflammation regulated by the inflammasome-gasdermins-caspase-1 axis is a contributory factor to the onset of PE. We hypothesize that increased production and release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or Alarmins such as high-mobility group box1 (HMGB1), cell-free fetal DNA, uric acid, the NOD-like receptor pyrin-containing receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, IL-1β and IL-18 occur in the PE placenta. Some of these molecules have already been observed in the placenta from women with PE. Mechanistically, emerging evidence has demonstrated that excessive placental endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, impaired autophagy and gasdermine D (GSDMD)-mediated intrinsic pyroptosis are key events that contribute to systemic sterile inflammation in patients with PE, especially early-onset PE (e-PE). In this review, we highlight the advances on the roles of sterile inflammation and inflammatory signaling cascades involving ER stress, autophagy deficiency and pyroptosis in PE pathophysiology. Deciphering the mechanisms underlying these inflammatory pathways may provide potential diagnostic biomarkers and facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies to treat this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayani Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital-Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Zheping Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital-Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Zhengke Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital-Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Akitoshi Nakashima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shigeru Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Surendra Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital-Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Shibin Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital-Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
A Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Probe, Shiga-Y5, Downregulates Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein Expression in the Brain of a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175342. [PMID: 34500775 PMCID: PMC8433978 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is involved in multiple disease-associated functions related to oxidative stress, especially by inhibiting the anti-oxidant- and thiol-reducing activity of thioredoxin (TXN). Shiga-Y5 (SY5), a fluorine-19 magnetic resonance probe for detecting amyloid-β deposition in the brain, previously showed therapeutic effects in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease; however, the mechanism of action of SY5 remains unclear. SY5 passes the blood-brain barrier and then undergoes hydrolysis to produce a derivative, Shiga-Y6 (SY6), which is a TXNIP-negative regulator. Therefore, this study investigates the therapeutic role of SY5 as the prodrug of SY6 in the thioredoxin system in the brain of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. The intraperitoneal injection of SY5 significantly inhibited TXNIP mRNA (p = 0.0072) and protein expression (p = 0.0143) induced in the brain of APP/PS1 mice. In contrast, the levels of TXN mRNA (p = 0.0285) and protein (p = 0.0039) in the brain of APP/PS1 mice were increased after the injection of SY5. The ratio of TXN to TXNIP, which was decreased (p = 0.0131) in the brain of APP/PS1 mice, was significantly increased (p = 0.0072) after the injection of SY5. These results suggest that SY5 acts as a prodrug of SY6 in targeting the thioredoxin system and could be a potential therapeutic compound in oxidative stress-related diseases in the brain.
Collapse
|
46
|
Ismael S, Wajidunnisa, Sakata K, McDonald MP, Liao FF, Ishrat T. ER stress associated TXNIP-NLRP3 inflammasome activation in hippocampus of human Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2021; 148:105104. [PMID: 34153352 PMCID: PMC9479581 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the exact etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is poorly understood, experimental and clinical evidences suggest the contribution of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of AD. Pathologically, AD brain is characterized by an imbalance in redox status, elevated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, synaptic dysfunction, inflammation, and progressive neurodegeneration. It has been noted that continuous accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in AD brain trigger ER stress, which contributes to neurodegeneration. Similarly, experimental evidences supports the hypothesis that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), an endogenous regulator of redox regulator thioredoxin (TRX), is activated by ER stress and contributes to activation of NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor protein 3) inflammatory cascade in hippocampus of the AD brain. Hippocampus of postmortem human AD and aged matched non-AD controls were analyzed for the expression ER stress markers and TXNIP-NLRP3 inflammasome at cellular and molecular levels. We found higher expression of TXNIP at protein and transcript levels in close association with pathological markers of AD such as Aβ and NFTs in AD hippocampus. In addition, our results demonstrated that TXNIP was co-localized in neurons and microglia. Moreover, expression of binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), activated eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIf2α) and C/EBP homology protein (CHOP), proteins involved the development of ER stress, were elevated in AD hippocampus. Further, elevated expression of effector molecules of NLRP3 inflammasome activation such as apoptosis associated speck-like protein (ASC), cleaved caspase-1 and cleaved interleukin-1β were observed in the AD hippocampus. The study suggests that TXNIP could be a link that connect ER stress with neuroinflammation. Thus, TXNIP can be a possible therapeutic target to mitigate the progression of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saifudeen Ismael
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Wajidunnisa
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Kazuko Sakata
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Neuroscience Institute, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Michael P McDonald
- Department of Neurology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Neuroscience Institute, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Francesca-Fang Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Neuroscience Institute, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Tauheed Ishrat
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Neuroscience Institute, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chatterji A, Banerjee D, Billiar TR, Sengupta R. Understanding the role of S-nitrosylation/nitrosative stress in inflammation and the role of cellular denitrosylases in inflammation modulation: Implications in health and diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:604-621. [PMID: 34245859 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
S-nitrosylation is a very fundamental post-translational modification of protein and non-protein thiols due the involvement of it in a variety of cellular processes including activation/inhibition of several ion channels such as ryanodine receptor in the cardiovascular system; blood vessel dilation; cGMP signaling and neurotransmission. S-nitrosothiol homeostasis in the cell is tightly regulated and perturbations in homeostasis result in an altered redox state leading to a plethora of disease conditions. However, the exact role of S-nitrosylated proteins and nitrosative stress metabolites in inflammation and in inflammation modulation is not well-reviewed. The cell utilizes its intricate defense mechanisms i.e. cellular denitrosylases such as Thioredoxin (Trx) and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) systems to combat nitric oxide (NO) pathology which has also gained current attraction as novel anti-inflammatory molecules. This review attempts to provide state-of-the-art knowledge from past and present research on the mechanistic role of nitrosative stress intermediates (RNS, OONO-, PSNO) in pulmonary and autoimmune diseases and how cellular denitrosylases particularly GSNOR and Trx via imparting opposing effects can modulate and reduce inflammation in several health and disease conditions. This review would also bring into notice the existing gaps in current research where denitrosylases can be utilized for ameliorating inflammation that would leave avenues for future therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajanta Chatterji
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700135, India
| | - Debasmita Banerjee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Kalyani, Block C, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 5213, USA
| | - Rajib Sengupta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700135, India.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kane EI, Waters KL, Spratt DE. Intersection of Redox Chemistry and Ubiquitylation: Post-Translational Modifications Required for Maintaining Cellular Homeostasis and Neuroprotection. Cells 2021; 10:2121. [PMID: 34440890 PMCID: PMC8394436 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration has been predominantly recognized as neuronal breakdown induced by the accumulation of aggregated and/or misfolded proteins and remains a preliminary factor in age-dependent disease. Recently, critical regulating molecular mechanisms and cellular pathways have been shown to induce neurodegeneration long before aggregate accumulation could occur. Although this opens the possibility of identifying biomarkers for early onset diagnosis, many of these pathways vary in their modes of dysfunction while presenting similar clinical phenotypes. With selectivity remaining difficult, it is promising that these neuroprotective pathways are regulated through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). This essential post-translational modification (PTM) involves the specific attachment of ubiquitin onto a substrate, specifically marking the ubiquitin-tagged protein for its intracellular fate based upon the site of attachment, the ubiquitin chain type built, and isopeptide linkages between different ubiquitin moieties. This review highlights both the direct and indirect impact ubiquitylation has in oxidative stress response and neuroprotection, and how irregularities in these intricate processes lead towards the onset of neurodegenerative disease (NDD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Donald E. Spratt
- Gustaf H. Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main St., Worcester, MA 01610, USA; (E.I.K.); (K.L.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bai H, Zhang Q. Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome and Onset of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:701282. [PMID: 34381452 PMCID: PMC8350495 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.701282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) is an important pattern recognition receptor in human innate immunity. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome play a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Theories explaining activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome include the reactive oxygen species theory, the lysosomal damage theory and the mitochondrial DNA theory. The NLRP3 activation promotes occurrence of AD by producing IL-1β, IL-18 and other cytokines, and then by affecting the deposition of Aβ and tau proteins. Over-activated NLRP3 inflammasome often impair cell function and induces immune-related diseases. Some mechanisms have been found to negatively regulate activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which may be through receptor binding blocking mechanism, autophagy related mechanism, abnormal cytokine secretion mechanism, or interference related gene expression regulation mechanism. In this review, we summarize the possible mechanisms by which the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes affects the pathogenesis of AD, and the recent advances in the prevention and treatment of AD by controlling the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes. By researching the activation or inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome, it is possible to reveal the pathogenesis of AD from a new perspective and provide a new idea for the prevention and treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Medical Experimental Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, China
| | - Qifang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Moghadasi S, Elveny M, Rahman HS, Suksatan W, Jalil AT, Abdelbasset WK, Yumashev AV, Shariatzadeh S, Motavalli R, Behzad F, Marofi F, Hassanzadeh A, Pathak Y, Jarahian M. A paradigm shift in cell-free approach: the emerging role of MSCs-derived exosomes in regenerative medicine. J Transl Med 2021; 19:302. [PMID: 34253242 PMCID: PMC8273572 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) due to their pro-angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, and immunoregulatory competencies along with fewer ethical issues are presented as a rational strategy for regenerative medicine. Current reports have signified that the pleiotropic effects of MSCs are not related to their differentiation potentials, but rather are exerted through the release of soluble paracrine molecules. Being nano-sized, non-toxic, biocompatible, barely immunogenic, and owning targeting capability and organotropism, exosomes are considered nanocarriers for their possible use in diagnosis and therapy. Exosomes convey functional molecules such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and micro-RNAs (miRNAs), proteins (e.g., chemokine and cytokine), and lipids from MSCs to the target cells. They participate in intercellular interaction procedures and enable the repair of damaged or diseased tissues and organs. Findings have evidenced that exosomes alone are liable for the beneficial influences of MSCs in a myriad of experimental models, suggesting that MSC- exosomes can be utilized to establish a novel cell-free therapeutic strategy for the treatment of varied human disorders, encompassing myocardial infarction (MI), CNS-related disorders, musculoskeletal disorders (e.g. arthritis), kidney diseases, liver diseases, lung diseases, as well as cutaneous wounds. Importantly, compared with MSCs, MSC- exosomes serve more steady entities and reduced safety risks concerning the injection of live cells, such as microvasculature occlusion risk. In the current review, we will discuss the therapeutic potential of MSC- exosomes as an innovative approach in the context of regenerative medicine and highlight the recent knowledge on MSC- exosomes in translational medicine, focusing on in vivo researches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Moghadasi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Marischa Elveny
- DS & CI Research Group, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | | | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Siavash Shariatzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roza Motavalli
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Behzad
- Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yashwant Pathak
- Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa Florida, USA
| | - Mostafa Jarahian
- German Cancer Research Center, Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit (G401), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|