1
|
Jeon YG, Kim SW, Kim JB. Decoding temporal thermogenesis: coregulator selectivity and transcriptional control in brown and beige adipocytes. Adipocyte 2024; 13:2391511. [PMID: 39155481 PMCID: PMC11340756 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2024.2391511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In mammals, brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT) play pivotal roles in maintaining body temperature and energy metabolism. In mice, BAT quickly stimulates thermogenesis by activating brown adipocytes upon cold exposure. In the presence of chronic cold stimuli, beige adipocytes are recruited in inguinal WAT to support heat generation. Accumulated evidence has shown that thermogenic execution of brown and beige adipocytes is regulated in a fat depot-specific manner. Recently, we have demonstrated that ubiquitin ligase ring finger protein 20 (RNF20) regulates brown and beige adipocyte thermogenesis through fat-depot-specific modulation. In BAT, RNF20 regulates transcription factor GA-binding protein alpha (GABPα), whereas in inguinal WAT, RNF20 potentiates transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) through the degradation of nuclear corepressor 1 (NCoR1). This study proposes the molecular mechanisms by which co-regulator(s) selectively and temporally control transcription factors to coordinate adipose thermogenesis in a fat-depot-specific manner. In this Commentary, we provide molecular features of brown and beige adipocyte thermogenesis and discuss the underlying mechanisms of distinct thermogenic processes in two fat depots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Geun Jeon
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Won Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao X, Zhang W, Jiang F, Chen X, Chen C, Wang M, Chen B, Cannon RD, Saffery R, Han TL, Zhang H, Zhou X. Excessive palmitic acid disturbs macrophage α-ketoglutarate/succinate metabolism and causes adipose tissue insulin resistance associated with gestational diabetes mellitus. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:424-436. [PMID: 38960008 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Abnormal polarization of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) results in low-grade systemic inflammation and insulin resistance (IR), potentially contributing to the development of diabetes. However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate the polarization of ATMs associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remain unclear. Thus, we aimed to determine the effects of abnormal fatty acids on macrophage polarization and development of insulin resistance in GDM. Levels of fatty acids and inflammation were assessed in the serum samples and adipose tissues of patients with GDM. An in vitro cell model treated with palmitic acid was established, and the mechanisms of palmitic acid in regulating macrophage polarization was clarified. The effects of excessive palmitic acid on the regulation of histone methylations and IR were also explored in the high-fat diet induced GDM mice model. We found that pregnancies with GDM were associated with increased levels of serum fatty acids, and inflammation and IR in adipose tissues. Increased palmitic acid could induce mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive ROS levels in macrophages, leading to abnormal cytoplasmic and nuclear metabolism of succinate and α-ketoglutarate (αKG). Specifically, a decreased nuclear αKG/succinate ratio could attenuate the enrichment of H3K27me3 at the promoters of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, leading to cytokine secretion. Importantly, GDM mice treated with GSK-J4, an inhibitor of histone lysine demethylase, were protected from abnormal pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our findings highlight the importance of the metabolism of αKG and succinate as transcriptional modulators in regulating the polarization of ATMs and the insulin sensitivity of adipose tissue, ensuring a normal pregnancy. This novel insight sheds new light on gestational fatty acid metabolism and epigenetic alterations associated with GDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuyang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingnan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Richard D Cannon
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Richard Saffery
- Molecular Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ting-Li Han
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hasan S, Ghani N, Zhao X, Good J, Huang A, Wrona HL, Liu J, Liu CJ. Dietary pyruvate targets cytosolic phospholipase A2 to mitigate inflammation and obesity in mice. Protein Cell 2024; 15:661-685. [PMID: 38512816 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has a multifactorial etiology and is known to be a state of chronic low-grade inflammation, known as meta-inflammation. This state is associated with the development of metabolic disorders such as glucose intolerance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Pyruvate is a glycolytic metabolite and a crucial node in various metabolic pathways. However, its role and molecular mechanism in obesity and associated complications are obscure. In this study, we reported that pyruvate substantially inhibited adipogenic differentiation in vitro and its administration significantly prevented HFD-induced weight gain, white adipose tissue inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. To identify the target proteins of pyruvate, drug affinity responsive target stability was employed with proteomics, cellular thermal shift assay, and isothermal drug response to detect the interactions between pyruvate and its molecular targets. Consequently, we identified cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) as a novel molecular target of pyruvate and demonstrated that pyruvate restrained diet-induced obesity, white adipose tissue inflammation, and hepatic steatosis in a cPLA2-dependent manner. Studies with global ablation of cPLA2 in mice showed that the protective effects of pyruvate were largely abrogated, confirming the importance of pyruvate/cPLA2 interaction in pyruvate attenuation of inflammation and obesity. Overall, our study not only establishes pyruvate as an antagonist of cPLA2 signaling and a potential therapeutic option for obesity but it also sheds light on the mechanism of its action. Pyruvate's prior clinical use indicates that it can be considered a safe and viable alternative for obesity, whether consumed as a dietary supplement or as part of a regular diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Hasan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Nabil Ghani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Xiangli Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Department of Orthopedics & Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Julia Good
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Amanda Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hailey Lynn Wrona
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Jody Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- New York University, NY 14853, United States
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Department of Orthopedics & Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Binvignat M, Sellam J, Berenbaum F, Felson DT. The role of obesity and adipose tissue dysfunction in osteoarthritis pain. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:565-584. [PMID: 39112603 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-024-01143-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has a pivotal and multifaceted role in pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA), extending beyond the mechanistic influence of BMI. It exerts its effects both directly and indirectly through various modifiable risk factors associated with OA-related pain. Adipose tissue dysfunction is highly involved in OA-related pain through local and systemic inflammation, immune dysfunction, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. Adipose tissue dysfunction is intricately connected with metabolic syndrome, which independently exerts specific effects on OA-related pain, distinct from its association with BMI. The interplay among obesity, adipose tissue dysfunction and metabolic syndrome influences OA-related pain through diverse pain mechanisms, including nociceptive pain, peripheral sensitization and central sensitization. These complex interactions contribute to the heightened pain experience observed in individuals with OA and obesity. In addition, pain management strategies are less efficient in individuals with obesity. Importantly, therapeutic interventions targeting obesity and metabolic syndrome hold promise in managing OA-related pain. A deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between obesity, metabolic syndrome and OA-related pain is crucial and could have important implications for improving pain management and developing innovative therapeutic options in OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Binvignat
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne University, AP-HP Saint-Antoine hospital, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, INSERM UMRS_959, I3 Lab Immunology Immunopathology Immunotherapy, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Sellam
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne University, AP-HP Saint-Antoine hospital, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne University, INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne University, AP-HP Saint-Antoine hospital, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - David T Felson
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pannkuk EL, Moore MS, Bansal S, Kumar K, Suman S, Howell D, Kath JA, Kurta A, Reeder DM, Field KA. White adipose tissue remodeling in Little Brown Myotis (Myotis lucifugus) with white-nose syndrome. Metabolomics 2024; 20:100. [PMID: 39190217 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-024-02165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
White-nose syndrome (WNS) is a fungal wildlife disease of bats that has caused precipitous declines in certain Nearctic bat species. A key driver of mortality is premature exhaustion of fat reserves, primarily white adipose tissue (WAT), that bats rely on to meet their metabolic needs during winter. However, the pathophysiological and metabolic effects of WNS have remained ill-defined. To elucidate metabolic mechanisms associated with WNS mortality, we infected a WNS susceptible species, the Little Brown Myotis (Myotis lucifugus), with Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd) and collected WAT biopsies for histology and targeted lipidomics. These results were compared to the WNS-resistant Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus fuscus). A similar distribution in broad lipid class was observed in both species, with total WAT primarily consisting of triacylglycerides. Baseline differences in WAT chemical composition between species showed that higher glycerophospholipids (GPs) levels in E. fuscus were dominated by unsaturated or monounsaturated moieties and n-6 (18:2, 20:2, 20:3, 20:4) fatty acids. Conversely, higher GP levels in M. lucifugus WAT were primarily compounds containing n-3 (20:5 and 22:5) fatty acids. Following Pd-infection, we found that perturbation to WAT reserves occurs in M. lucifugus, but not in the resistant E. fuscus. A total of 66 GPs (primarily glycerophosphocholines and glycerophosphoethanolamines) were higher in Pd-infected M. lucifugus, indicating perturbation to the WAT structural component. In addition to changes in lipid chemistry, smaller adipocyte sizes and increased extracellular matrix deposition was observed in Pd-infected M. lucifugus. This is the first study to describe WAT GP composition of bats with different susceptibilities to WNS and highlights that recovery from WNS may require repair from adipose remodeling in addition to replenishing depot fat during spring emergence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan L Pannkuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, New Research Building, Room E504, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
- Center for Metabolomic Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Marianne S Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Virgin Islands, St. Thomas, USA
| | - Shivani Bansal
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kamendra Kumar
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shubhankar Suman
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Daryl Howell
- Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines, IA, USA
| | - Joseph A Kath
- Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Allen Kurta
- Department of Biology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - DeeAnn M Reeder
- Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth A Field
- Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Elmansi AM, Miller RA. Oxidative Phosphorylation and Fatty Acid Oxidation in Slow-Aging Mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2024:S0891-5849(24)00605-1. [PMID: 39153667 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative metabolism declines with aging in humans leading to multiple metabolic ailments and subsequent inflammation. In mice, there is evidence of age-related suppression of fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation in the liver, heart, and muscles. Many interventions that extend healthy lifespan of mice have been developed, including genetic, pharmacological, and dietary interventions. In this article, we review the literature on oxidative metabolism changes in response to those interventions. We also discuss the molecular pathways that mediate those changes, and their potential as targets for future longevity interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Elmansi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fang Y, Peck MR, Quinn K, Chapman JE, Medina D, McFadden SA, Bartke A, Hascup ER, Hascup KN. Senolytic intervention improves cognition, metabolism, and adiposity in female APP NL-F/NL-F mice. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01308-8. [PMID: 39120687 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells accumulate throughout the body and brain contributing to unhealthy aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The APPNL-F/NL-F amyloidogenic AD mouse model exhibits increased markers of senescent cells and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in visceral white adipose tissue and the hippocampus before plaque accumulation and cognitive decline. We hypothesized that senolytic intervention would alleviate cellular senescence thereby improving spatial memory in APPNL-F/NL-F mice. Thus, 4-month-old male and female APPNL-F/NL-F mice were treated monthly with vehicle, 5 mg/kg dasatinib + 50 mg/kg quercetin, or 100 mg/kg fisetin. Blood glucose levels, energy metabolism, spatial memory, amyloid burden, and senescent cell markers were assayed. Dasatinib + quercetin treatment in female APPNL-F/NL-F mice increased oxygen consumption and energy expenditure resulting in decreased body mass. White adipose tissue mass was decreased along with senescence markers, SASP, blood glucose, and plasma insulin and triglycerides. Hippocampal senescence markers and SASP were reduced along with soluble and insoluble amyloid-β (Aβ)42 and senescence-associated-β-gal activity leading to improved spatial memory. Fisetin had negligible effects on these measures in female APPNL-F/NL-F mice while neither senolytic intervention altered these parameters in the male mice. Considering women have a greater risk of dementia, identifying senotherapeutics appropriate for sex and disease stage is necessary for personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Fang
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Mackenzie R Peck
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Kathleen Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Jenelle E Chapman
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - David Medina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Samuel A McFadden
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Erin R Hascup
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Kevin N Hascup
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lempicki MD, Gray JA, Abuna G, Murata RM, Divanovic S, McNamara CA, Meher AK. BAFF neutralization impairs the autoantibody-mediated clearance of dead adipocytes and aggravates obesity-induced insulin resistance. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1436900. [PMID: 39185417 PMCID: PMC11341376 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1436900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
B cell-activating factor (BAFF) is a critical TNF-family cytokine that regulates homeostasis and peripheral tolerance of B2 cells. BAFF overproduction promotes autoantibody generation and autoimmune diseases. During obesity, BAFF is predominantly produced by white adipose tissue (WAT), and IgG autoantibodies against adipocytes are identified in the WAT of obese humans. However, it remains to be determined if the autoantibodies formed during obesity affect WAT remodeling and systemic insulin resistance. Here, we show that IgG autoantibodies are generated in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice that bind to apoptotic adipocytes and promote their phagocytosis by macrophages. Next, using murine models of obesity in which the gonadal WAT undergoes remodeling, we found that BAFF neutralization depleted IgG autoantibodies, increased the number of dead adipocytes, and exacerbated WAT inflammation and insulin resistance. RNA sequencing of the stromal vascular fraction from the WAT revealed decreased expression of immunoglobulin light-chain and heavy-chain variable genes suggesting a decreased repertoire of B cells after BAFF neutralization. Further, the B cell activation and the phagocytosis pathways were impaired in the WAT of BAFF-neutralized mice. In vitro, plasma IgG fractions from BAFF-neutralized mice reduced the phagocytic clearance of apoptotic adipocytes. Altogether, our study suggests that IgG autoantibodies developed during obesity, at least in part, dampens exacerbated WAT inflammation and systemic insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D. Lempicki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Jake A. Gray
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Gabriel Abuna
- School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Ramiro M. Murata
- School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Coleen A. McNamara
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Akshaya K. Meher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Han SM, Nahmgoong H, Yim KM, Kim JB. How obesity affects adipocyte turnover. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00185-1. [PMID: 39095230 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Cellular turnover is fundamental for tissue homeostasis and integrity. Adipocyte turnover, accounting for 4% of the total cellular mass turnover in humans, is essential for adipose tissue homeostasis during metabolic stress. In obesity, an altered adipose tissue microenvironment promotes adipocyte death. To clear dead adipocytes, macrophages are recruited and form a distinctive structure known as crown-like structure; subsequently, new adipocytes are generated from adipose stem and progenitor cells in the adipogenic niche to replace dead adipocytes. Accumulating evidence indicates that adipocyte death, clearance, and adipogenesis are sophisticatedly orchestrated during adipocyte turnover. In this Review, we summarize our current understandings of each step in adipocyte turnover, discussing its key players and regulatory mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Mun Han
- National Leader Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahn Nahmgoong
- National Leader Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Yim
- National Leader Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- National Leader Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pacheco-Bernal I, Becerril-Pérez F, Bustamante-Zepeda M, González-Suárez M, Olmedo-Suárez MA, Hernández-Barrientos LR, Alarcón-Del-Carmen A, Escalante-Covarrubias Q, Mendoza-Viveros L, Hernández-Lemus E, León-Del-Río A, de la Rosa-Velázquez IA, Orozco-Solis R, Aguilar-Arnal L. Transitions in chromatin conformation shaped by fatty acids and the circadian clock underlie hepatic transcriptional reorganization in obese mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:309. [PMID: 39060446 PMCID: PMC11335233 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05364-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The circadian clock system coordinates metabolic, physiological, and behavioral functions across a 24-h cycle, crucial for adapting to environmental changes. Disruptions in circadian rhythms contribute to major metabolic pathologies like obesity and Type 2 diabetes. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms governing circadian control is vital for identifying therapeutic targets. It is well characterized that chromatin remodeling and 3D structure at genome regulatory elements contributes to circadian transcriptional cycles; yet the impact of rhythmic chromatin topology in metabolic disease is largely unexplored. In this study, we explore how the spatial configuration of the genome adapts to diet, rewiring circadian transcription and contributing to dysfunctional metabolism. We describe daily fluctuations in chromatin contacts between distal regulatory elements of metabolic control genes in livers from lean and obese mice and identify specific lipid-responsive regions recruiting the clock molecular machinery. Interestingly, under high-fat feeding, a distinct interactome for the clock-controlled gene Dbp strategically promotes the expression of distal metabolic genes including Fgf21. Alongside, new chromatin loops between regulatory elements from genes involved in lipid metabolism control contribute to their transcriptional activation. These enhancers are responsive to lipids through CEBPβ, counteracting the circadian repressor REVERBa. Our findings highlight the intricate coupling of circadian gene expression to a dynamic nuclear environment under high-fat feeding, supporting a temporally regulated program of gene expression and transcriptional adaptation to diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Pacheco-Bernal
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando Becerril-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcia Bustamante-Zepeda
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mirna González-Suárez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Olmedo-Suárez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández-Barrientos
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Alarcón-Del-Carmen
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Quetzalcoatl Escalante-Covarrubias
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lucía Mendoza-Viveros
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Metabolismo y Envejecimiento, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigacíon sobre el Envejecimiento, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CIE-CINVESTAV), Mexico City, México
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Department of Computational Genomics, Centro de Ciencias de La Complejidad (C3), Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfonso León-Del-Río
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Programa Institucional de Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Inti A de la Rosa-Velázquez
- Genomics Laboratory, Red de Apoyo a la Investigación-CIC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
- Next Generation Sequencing Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr 1, 85754, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ricardo Orozco-Solis
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Metabolismo y Envejecimiento, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigacíon sobre el Envejecimiento, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CIE-CINVESTAV), Mexico City, México
| | - Lorena Aguilar-Arnal
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang T, Sharma AK, Wu C, Maushart CI, Ghosh A, Yang W, Stefanicka P, Kovanicova Z, Ukropec J, Zhang J, Arnold M, Klug M, De Bock K, Schneider U, Popescu C, Zheng B, Ding L, Long F, Dewal RS, Moser C, Sun W, Dong H, Takes M, Suelberg D, Mameghani A, Nocito A, Zech CJ, Chirindel A, Wild D, Burger IA, Schön MR, Dietrich A, Gao M, Heine M, Sun Y, Vargas-Castillo A, Søberg S, Scheele C, Balaz M, Blüher M, Betz MJ, Spiegelman BM, Wolfrum C. Single-nucleus transcriptomics identifies separate classes of UCP1 and futile cycle adipocytes. Cell Metab 2024:S1550-4131(24)00276-6. [PMID: 39084216 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue can recruit catabolic adipocytes that utilize chemical energy to dissipate heat. This process occurs either by uncoupled respiration through uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) or by utilizing ATP-dependent futile cycles (FCs). However, it remains unclear how these pathways coexist since both processes rely on the mitochondrial membrane potential. Utilizing single-nucleus RNA sequencing to deconvolute the heterogeneity of subcutaneous adipose tissue in mice and humans, we identify at least 2 distinct subpopulations of beige adipocytes: FC-adipocytes and UCP1-beige adipocytes. Importantly, we demonstrate that the FC-adipocyte subpopulation is highly metabolically active and utilizes FCs to dissipate energy, thus contributing to thermogenesis independent of Ucp1. Furthermore, FC-adipocytes are important drivers of systemic energy homeostasis and linked to glucose metabolism and obesity resistance in humans. Taken together, our findings identify a noncanonical thermogenic adipocyte subpopulation, which could be an important regulator of energy homeostasis in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wang
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Anand Kumar Sharma
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Irene Maushart
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adhideb Ghosh
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Wu Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Patrik Stefanicka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kovanicova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Health Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Myrtha Arnold
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Klug
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Health Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Schneider
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Popescu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Bo Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lianggong Ding
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Fen Long
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Revati Sumukh Dewal
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Moser
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Hua Dong
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Martin Takes
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Suelberg
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Mameghani
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Nocito
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Johannes Zech
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alin Chirindel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Damian Wild
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Irene A Burger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael R Schön
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Clinic of Visceral Surgery, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Arne Dietrich
- Clinic for Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yizhi Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ariana Vargas-Castillo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susanna Søberg
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Center of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Scheele
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Center of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Germany & Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Matthias Johannes Betz
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Bruce M Spiegelman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fan Y, Ma L, Fang X, Du S, Mauck J, Loor JJ, Sun X, Jia H, Xu C, Xu Q. Role of hypoxia-inducible-factor-1α (HIF-1α) in ferroptosis of adipose tissue during ketosis. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)01034-8. [PMID: 39067746 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-24822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Postpartum cows experience lipolysis in adipose tissue due to negative energy balance (NEB), and accumulation of free fatty acids (FFA) leads to metabolic stress in adipose tissue. Ferroptosis is a type of cell death triggered by excessive buildup of iron-dependent lipid peroxides, which is involved in the occurrence and development of various metabolic diseases in nonruminants. However, it is still unclear whether ferroptosis occurs in the adipose tissue of ketotic cows and the regulatory mechanisms behind ferroptosis. Despite multiple studies demonstrating the significant involvement of hypoxia-inducible-factor-1α (HIF-1α) in regulating cellular dysfunction, its specific function in adipose tissue of ketotic dairy cows remains uncertain, particularly its regulation of oxidative stress and ferroptosis. The study aimed to explore the impact of HIF-1α on oxidative stress and ferroptosis in bovine subcutaneous adipose tissue and isolated adipocytes. The adipose tissue of clinical ketosis cows (n = 15) with a serum BHB concentration of 3.13 mM (interquartile range = 0.14) and healthy cows (n = 15) with a serum BHB concentration of and 0.58 mM (interquartile range = 0.13) was collected. The results showed that the concentrations of lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), Fe2+ and total iron were increased in adipose tissue of cows with ketosis, while the contents of glutathione (GSH) were reduced. Furthermore, the protein levels of HIF-1α, heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4), and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NFE2L2) exhibited higher abundance in adipose tissue obtained from cows with ketosis, whereas the protein abundance of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), glutamate cysteine ligase regulatory subunit (GCLM) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) were lower. To simulate the ferroptosis state of adipose tissue in ketotic cows, primary bovine adipocytes were isolated from the adipose tissue of healthy cows and cultured with erastin to construct ferroptosis model. Adipocytes were cultured with either an adenovirus overexpressing HIF-1α or small interfering RNA targeting HIF-for 48 h, followed by exposure to erastin (1 μM) for 24 h. Treatment with erastin led to higher protein abundance of CAT, SOD1, NFE2L2 and HMOX1, while it inhibited the protein expression levels of GCLC, SLC7A11, GCLM, GPX4 and KEAP1. Furthermore, erastin treatment elevated the levels of ROS, MDA, Fe2+, total iron and reduced the content of GSH. The overexpression of HIF-1α reversed the erastin-induced decreases in the protein abundance of GPX4 and SLC7A11, as well as the levels of MDA, ROS, Fe2+ and total iron, while significantly increasing protein abundance and content of CAT, SOD1, NFE2L2, HMOX1, GCLC, GCLM, GPX4, SLC7A11 and GSH. Conversely, the silencing of HIF-1α further exacerbated the erastin-induced levels of MDA, ROS, Fe2+ and total iron, while inhibiting the upregulation of SOD1, CAT, NFE2L2 and HMOX1. Collectively, these findings suggest that activation of HIF-1α may function as an adaptive mechanism to mitigate ferroptosis and alleviate oxidative stress in adipose tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Fan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Ma
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinxin Fang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuyu Du
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - John Mauck
- Mammalian NutriPhysio Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysio Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA
| | - Xudong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongdou Jia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chuang Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Qiushi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vo N, Zhang Q, Sung HK. From fasting to fat reshaping: exploring the molecular pathways of intermittent fasting-induced adipose tissue remodeling. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES : A PUBLICATION OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, SOCIETE CANADIENNE DES SCIENCES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2024; 27:13062. [PMID: 39104461 PMCID: PMC11298356 DOI: 10.3389/jpps.2024.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Obesity, characterised by excessive fat accumulation, is a complex chronic condition that results from dysfunctional adipose tissue expansion due to prolonged calorie surplus. This leads to rapid adipocyte enlargement that exceeds the support capacity of the surrounding neurovascular network, resulting in increased hypoxia, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Intermittent fasting (IF), a dietary regimen that cycles between periods of fasting and eating, has emerged as an effective strategy to combat obesity and improve metabolic homeostasis by promoting healthy adipose tissue remodeling. However, the precise molecular and cellular mechanisms behind the metabolic improvements and remodeling of white adipose tissue (WAT) driven by IF remain elusive. This review aims to summarise and discuss the relationship between IF and adipose tissue remodeling and explore the potential mechanisms through which IF induces alterations in WAT. This includes several key structural changes, including angiogenesis and sympathetic innervation of WAT. We will also discuss the involvement of key signalling pathways, such as PI3K, SIRT, mTOR, and AMPK, which potentially play a crucial role in IF-mediated metabolic adaptations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Vo
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Qiwei Zhang
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hoon-Ki Sung
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tien SC, Chang CC, Huang CH, Peng HY, Chang YT, Chang MC, Lee WH, Hu CM. Exosomal miRNA 16-5p/29a-3p from pancreatic cancer induce adipose atrophy by inhibiting adipogenesis and promoting lipolysis. iScience 2024; 27:110346. [PMID: 39055920 PMCID: PMC11269291 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Over 80% of the patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have cachexia/wasting syndrome. Cachexia is associated with reduced survival, decreased quality of life, and higher metastasis rates. Here, we demonstrate that fat loss is the earliest feature of PDAC-exosome-induced cachexia. MicroRNA sequencing of exosomal components from normal and cancer-derived exosomes revealed enrichment of miR-16-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-29a-3p, and miR-125b-5p in serum exosomes of mice harboring PDAC and patients with PDAC. Further, miR-16-5p and miR-29a-3p inhibited adipogenesis through decreasing Erlin2 and Cmpk1 expression which downregulates C/EBPβ and PPARγ. Synergistically, miR-29a-3p promotes lipolysis through increasing ATGL expression by suppressing MCT1 expression. Furthermore, PDAC-exosomes deprived of miR-16-5p and miR-29a-3p fail to induce fat loss. Hence, miR-16-5p and miR-29a-3p exosomal miRs are essential for PDAC-induced fat loss. Thus, we unravel that PDAC induces adipose atrophy via exosomal miRs. This knowledge may provide new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for PDAC-induced cachexia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sui-Chih Tien
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chun Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
| | | | - Hsuan-Yu Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Zhubei City, Hsinchu County 302058, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chu Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hwa Lee
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
- Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Chun-Mei Hu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Park WY, Song G, Park JY, Jung SJ, Kim S, Ahn KS, Choe SK, Kwak HJ, Park J, Um JY. Epigallocatechin gallate protects against fat and muscle atrophy in B16BL6 melanoma-bearing mice on a high-fat diet. Life Sci 2024; 348:122677. [PMID: 38702026 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Epidemiological evidence indicates that there is a substantial association between body mass index (BMI) and at least ten forms of cancer, including melanoma, and BMI imbalance contributes to the poor survival rate of cancer patients before and after therapy. Nevertheless, few pharmacological studies on models of obesity and cancer have been reported. In this study, we administered epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to B16BL6 tumor-bearing mice that received a high-fat diet (HFD) to examine its impact. METHODS B16BL6 tumor-bearing mice were fed a HFD. Body weight and food intake were documented every week. We conducted a Western blot analysis to examine the protein levels in the tumor, gastrocnemius (GAS), and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles, as well as the inguinal and epididymal white adipose tissues (iWAT and eWAT). KEY FINDINGS EGCG has been shown to have anti-cancer effects equivalent to those of cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug. Furthermore, EGCG protected against the loss of epidydimal white adipose tissue by regulating protein levels of lipolysis factors of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase as well as WAT browning factors of uncoupling protein 1, as opposed to cisplatin. EGCG was shown to reduce the protein levels of muscular atrophy factors of muscle RING-finger protein-1, whereas cisplatin did not contribute to rescuing the atrophy of TA and GAS muscles. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings indicate that EGCG has a preventive effect against cachexia symptoms and has anti-cancer effects similar to those of cisplatin in tumor-bearing mice fed a high-fat diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Yong Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Gahee Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Yeon Park
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwoo Kim
- Department of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kwak
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbong Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lee EB. What is the disease burden from childhood and adolescent obesity?: a narrative review. JOURNAL OF YEUNGNAM MEDICAL SCIENCE 2024; 41:150-157. [PMID: 38932702 PMCID: PMC11294796 DOI: 10.12701/jyms.2024.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity has increased and exacerbated during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, both in Korea and globally. Childhood and adolescent obesity poses significant risks for premature morbidity and mortality. The development of serious comorbidities depends not only on the duration of obesity but also on the age of onset. Obesity in children and adolescents affects almost all organ systems, including the endocrine, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, reproductive, nervous, and immune systems. Obesity in children and adolescents affects growth, cognitive function, and psychosocial interactions during development, in addition to aggravating known adult comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and cancer. Childhood and adolescent obesity are highly associated with increased cardiometabolic risk factors and prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in later life can be considerably decreased by even a small weight loss before the onset of puberty. Childhood and adolescent obesity is a disease that requires treatment and is associated with many comorbidities and disease burdens. Therefore, early detection and therapeutic intervention are crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Byoul Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huff LK, Amurgis CM, Kokai LE, Abbott RD. Optimization and validation of a fat-on-a-chip model for non-invasive therapeutic drug discovery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1404327. [PMID: 38988864 PMCID: PMC11235003 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1404327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a significant public health concern that is closely associated with various comorbidities such as heart disease, stroke, type II diabetes (T2D), and certain cancers. Due to the central role of adipose tissue in many disease etiologies and the pervasive nature in the body, engineered adipose tissue models are essential for drug discovery and studying disease progression. This study validates a fat-on-a-chip (FOAC) model derived from primary mature adipocytes. Our FOAC model uses a Micronit perfusion device and introduces a novel approach for collecting continuous data by using two non-invasive readout techniques, resazurin and glucose uptake. The Micronit platform proved to be a reproducible model that can effectively maintain adipocyte viability, metabolic activity, and basic functionality, and is capable of mimicking physiologically relevant responses such as adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin-mediated glucose uptake. Importantly, we demonstrate that adipocyte size is highly dependent on extracellular matrix properties, as adipocytes derived from different patients with variable starting lipid areas equilibrate to the same size in the hyaluronic acid hydrogel. This model can be used to study T2D and monitor adipocyte responses to insulin for longitudinally tracking therapeutic efficacy of novel drugs or drug combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey K. Huff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Charles M. Amurgis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Lauren E. Kokai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Rosalyn D. Abbott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Łukawska A, Mulak A. A correlation of serum fibroblast growth factor 21 level with inflammatory markers and indicators of nutritional status in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1394030. [PMID: 38983722 PMCID: PMC11231369 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1394030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a stress-inducible hormone that regulates nutrient and metabolic homeostasis. Inflammatory state is one of the stimulators of FGF21 secretion. The aim of the study was to assess correlations between serum FGF21 level and inflammatory markers as well as nutritional status indicators in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods Fasting serum FGF21 level was measured using ELISA test in 105 IBD patients and 17 healthy controls. There were 31 subjects with active ulcerative colitis (UC), 16 with inactive UC, 36 with active Crohn's disease (CD), and 22 with inactive CD. Clinical and endoscopic activity of IBD was evaluated based on validated scales and indices. Fecal calprotectin, serum CRP, and selected parameters of nutritional status were tested in all patients. Results Serum FGF21 level was characterized by fluctuations depending on the IBD activity. FGF21 level was significantly higher in both active UC and CD compared to inactive phases of the diseases and to the controls. A correlation between FGF21 and fecal calprotectin levels was also found in UC and CD. Additionally, in CD, FGF21 level positively correlated with CRP level. In both UC and CD, a negative correlation was noted between FGF21 level and nutritional status parameters including cholesterol, protein, albumin levels, and BMI. Conclusion The intensity of intestinal inflammation is related to FGF21 level, which correlates negatively with nutritional status indicators in IBD. The disturbances in FGF21 secretion may contribute to the multifactorial pathogenesis of malnutrition and weight loss in IBD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Łukawska
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agata Mulak
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dhanyalayam D, Thangavel H, Sidrat T, Oswal N, Lizardo K, Mauro M, Zhao X, Xue HH, Desai JV, Nagajyothi JF. The Influence of Body Fat Dynamics on Pulmonary Immune Responses in Murine Tuberculosis: Unraveling Sex-Specific Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6823. [PMID: 38999932 PMCID: PMC11241512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) highlights a greater susceptibility of males to tuberculosis (TB), a vulnerability attributed to sex-specific variations in body fat and dietary factors. Our study delves into the unexplored terrain of how alterations in body fat influence Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) burden, lung pathology, immune responses, and gene expression, with a focus on sex-specific dynamics. Utilizing a low-dose Mtb-HN878 clinical strain infection model, we employ transgenic FAT-ATTAC mice with modulable body fat to explore the impact of fat loss (via fat ablation) and fat gain (via a medium-fat diet, MFD). Firstly, our investigation unveils that Mtb infection triggers severe pulmonary pathology in males, marked by shifts in metabolic signaling involving heightened lipid hydrolysis and proinflammatory signaling driven by IL-6 and localized pro-inflammatory CD8+ cells. This stands in stark contrast to females on a control regular diet (RD). Secondly, our findings indicate that both fat loss and fat gain in males lead to significantly elevated (1.6-fold (p ≤ 0.01) and 1.7-fold (p ≤ 0.001), respectively) Mtb burden in the lungs compared to females during Mtb infection (where fat loss and gain did not alter Mtb load in the lungs). This upsurge is associated with impaired lung lipid metabolism and intensified mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation-regulated activity in lung CD8+ cells during Mtb infection. Additionally, our research brings to light that females exhibit a more robust systemic IFNγ (p ≤ 0.001) response than males during Mtb infection. This heightened response may either prevent active disease or contribute to latency in females during Mtb infection. In summary, our comprehensive analysis of the interplay between body fat changes and sex bias in Mtb infection reveals that alterations in body fat critically impact pulmonary pathology in males. Specifically, these changes significantly reduce the levels of pulmonary CD8+ T-cells and increase the Mtb burden in the lungs compared to females. The reduction in CD8+ cells in males is linked to an increase in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and a decrease in TNFα, which are essential for CD8+ cell activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Dhanyalayam
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Hariprasad Thangavel
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Tabinda Sidrat
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Neelam Oswal
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Kezia Lizardo
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Michael Mauro
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Xin Zhao
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Hai-Hui Xue
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Jigar V Desai
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Jyothi F Nagajyothi
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lim H, Choe YH, Lee J, Kim GE, Hyun JW, Hyun YM. Neutrophil Migration Is Mediated by VLA-6 in the Inflamed Adipose Tissue. Immune Netw 2024; 24:e23. [PMID: 38974215 PMCID: PMC11224672 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue, well known for its endocrine function, plays an immunological role in the body. The inflamed adipose tissue under LPS-induced systemic inflammation is characterized by the dominance of pro-inflammatory immune cells, particularly neutrophils. Although migration of macrophages toward damaged or dead adipocytes to form a crown-like structure in inflamed adipose tissue has been revealed, the neutrophilic interaction with adipocytes or the extracellular matrix remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated the involvement of adhesion molecules, particularly integrin α6β1, of neutrophils in adipocytes or the extracellular matrix of inflamed adipose tissue interaction. These results suggest that disrupting the adhesion between adipose tissue components and neutrophils may govern the accumulation of excessive neutrophils in inflamed tissues, a prerequisite in developing anti-inflammatory therapeutics by inhibiting inflammatory immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunseo Lim
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Young Ho Choe
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jaeho Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Gi Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang Z, Chen F, Zhang Y, Ou M, Tan P, Xu X, Li Q, Zhou S. Therapeutic targeting of white adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction in obesity: mechanisms and opportunities. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e560. [PMID: 38812572 PMCID: PMC11134193 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue is not only a highly heterogeneous organ containing various cells, such as adipocytes, adipose stem and progenitor cells, and immune cells, but also an endocrine organ that is highly important for regulating metabolic and immune homeostasis. In individuals with obesity, dynamic cellular changes in adipose tissue result in phenotypic switching and adipose tissue dysfunction, including pathological expansion, WAT fibrosis, immune cell infiltration, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ectopic lipid accumulation, ultimately leading to chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. Recently, many distinct subpopulations of adipose tissue have been identified, providing new insights into the potential mechanisms of adipose dysfunction in individuals with obesity. Therefore, targeting white adipose tissue as a therapeutic agent for treating obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases is of great scientific interest. Here, we provide an overview of white adipose tissue remodeling in individuals with obesity including cellular changes and discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms of white adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction. Currently, various studies have uncovered promising targets and strategies for obesity treatment. We also outline the potential therapeutic signaling pathways of targeting adipose tissue and summarize existing therapeutic strategies for antiobesity treatment including pharmacological approaches, lifestyle interventions, and novel therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Han Yang
- Department of Plastic and Burn SurgeryWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Fang‐Zhou Chen
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yi‐Xiang Zhang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Min‐Yi Ou
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Poh‐Ching Tan
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xue‐Wen Xu
- Department of Plastic and Burn SurgeryWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qing‐Feng Li
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shuang‐Bai Zhou
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kagdi S, Lyons SA, Beaudry JL. The interplay of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in adipose tissue. J Endocrinol 2024; 261:e230361. [PMID: 38579777 PMCID: PMC11103678 DOI: 10.1530/joe-23-0361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue was once known as a reservoir for energy storage but is now considered a crucial organ for hormone and energy flux with important effects on health and disease. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone secreted from the small intestinal K cells, responsible for augmenting insulin release, and has gained attention for its independent and amicable effects with glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), another incretin hormone secreted from the small intestinal L cells. The GIP receptor (GIPR) is found in whole adipose tissue, whereas the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is not, and some studies suggest that GIPR action lowers body weight and plays a role in lipolysis, glucose/lipid uptake/disposal, adipose tissue blood flow, lipid oxidation, and free-fatty acid (FFA) re-esterification, which may or may not be influenced by other hormones such as insulin. This review summarizes the research on the effects of GIP in adipose tissue (distinct depots of white and brown) using cellular, rodent, and human models. In doing so, we explore the mechanisms of GIPR-based medications for treating metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity, and how GIPR agonism and antagonism contribute to improvements in metabolic health outcomes, potentially through actions in adipose tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samrin Kagdi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sulayman A Lyons
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacqueline L Beaudry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yi SA, Pongkulapa T, Nevins S, Goldston LL, Chen M, Lee KB. Developing MiR-133a Zipper Nanoparticles for Targeted Enhancement of Thermogenic Adipocyte Generation. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400654. [PMID: 38795000 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Existing delivery methods for RNAi therapeutics encounter challenges, including stability, specificity, and off-target effects, which restrict their clinical effectiveness. In this study, a novel miR-133a zipper nanoparticle (NP) system that integrates miRNA zipper technology with rolling circle transcription (RCT) to achieve targeted delivery and specific regulation of miR-133a in adipocytes, is presented. This innovative approach can greatly enhance the delivery and release of miR-133a zippers, increasing the expression of thermogenic genes and mitochondrial biogenesis. he miR-133a zipper NP is utilized for the delivery of miRNA zipper-blocking miR-133a, an endogenous inhibitor of Prdm16 expression, to enhance the thermogenic activity of adipocytes by modulating their transcriptional program. Inhibition of miR-133a through the miR-133a zipper NP leads to more significant upregulation of thermogenic gene expression (Prdm16 and Ucp1) than with the free miR-133a zipper strand. Furthermore, miR-133a zipper NPs increase the number of mitochondria and induce heat production, reducing the size of 3D adipose spheroids. In short, this study emphasizes the role of RNA NPs in improving RNAi stability and specificity and paves the way for broader applications in gene therapy. Moreover, this research represents a significant advancement in RNAi-based treatments, pointing toward a promising direction for future therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Ah Yi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Thanapat Pongkulapa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Sarah Nevins
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Li Ling Goldston
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Meizi Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bonet ML, Ribot J, Sánchez J, Palou A, Picó C. Early Life Programming of Adipose Tissue Remodeling and Browning Capacity by Micronutrients and Bioactive Compounds as a Potential Anti-Obesity Strategy. Cells 2024; 13:870. [PMID: 38786092 PMCID: PMC11120104 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The early stages of life, especially the period from conception to two years, are crucial for shaping metabolic health and the risk of obesity in adulthood. Adipose tissue (AT) plays a crucial role in regulating energy homeostasis and metabolism, and brown AT (BAT) and the browning of white AT (WAT) are promising targets for combating weight gain. Nutritional factors during prenatal and early postnatal stages can influence the development of AT, affecting the likelihood of obesity later on. This narrative review focuses on the nutritional programming of AT features. Research conducted across various animal models with diverse interventions has provided insights into the effects of specific compounds on AT development and function, influencing the development of crucial structures and neuroendocrine circuits responsible for energy balance. The hormone leptin has been identified as an essential nutrient during lactation for healthy metabolic programming against obesity development in adults. Studies have also highlighted that maternal supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), vitamin A, nicotinamide riboside, and polyphenols during pregnancy and lactation, as well as offspring supplementation with myo-inositol, vitamin A, nicotinamide riboside, and resveratrol during the suckling period, can impact AT features and long-term health outcomes and help understand predisposition to obesity later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Luisa Bonet
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.L.B.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Artificial Intelligence Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IAIB), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Joan Ribot
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.L.B.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Sánchez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.L.B.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.L.B.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Artificial Intelligence Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IAIB), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Catalina Picó
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.L.B.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Artificial Intelligence Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IAIB), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Thangavel H, Dhanyalayam D, Kim M, Lizardo K, Sidrat T, Lopez JG, Wang X, Bansal S, Nagajyothi JF. Adipocyte-released adipomes in Chagas cardiomyopathy: Impact on cardiac metabolic and immune regulation. iScience 2024; 27:109672. [PMID: 38660407 PMCID: PMC11039351 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection leads to Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCM), with varying manifestations such as inflammatory hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, and dilated cardiomyopathy. The factors responsible for the increasing risk of progression to CCM are not fully understood. Previous studies link adipocyte loss to CCM progression, but the mechanism triggering CCM pathogenesis remains unexplored. Our study uncovers that T. cruzi infection triggers adipocyte apoptosis, leading to the release of extracellular vesicles named "adipomes". We developed an innovative method to isolate intact adipomes from infected mice's adipose tissue and plasma, showing they carry unique lipid cargoes. Large and Small adipomes, particularly plasma-derived infection-associated L-adipomes (P-ILA), regulate immunometabolic signaling and induce cardiomyopathy. P-ILA treatment induces hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in wild-type mice and worsens cardiomyopathy severity in post-acute-infected mice by regulating adipogenic/lipogenic and mitochondrial functions. These findings highlight adipomes' pivotal role in promoting inflammation and impairing myocardial function during cardiac remodeling in CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hariprasad Thangavel
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Dhanya Dhanyalayam
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Michelle Kim
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Kezia Lizardo
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Tabinda Sidrat
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | | | - Xiang Wang
- Rutgers University Molecular Imaging Core (RUMIC), Rutgers Translational Sciences, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Shivani Bansal
- Departnment of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Jyothi F. Nagajyothi
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Garcia IS, Silva-Vignato B, Cesar ASM, Petrini J, da Silva VH, Morosini NS, Goes CP, Afonso J, da Silva TR, Lima BD, Clemente LG, Regitano LCDA, Mourão GB, Coutinho LL. Novel putative causal mutations associated with fat traits in Nellore cattle uncovered by eQTLs located in open chromatin regions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10094. [PMID: 38698200 PMCID: PMC11066111 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) and backfat thickness (BFT) are critical economic traits impacting meat quality. However, the genetic variants controlling these traits need to be better understood. To advance knowledge in this area, we integrated RNA-seq and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in genomic and transcriptomic data to generate a linkage disequilibrium filtered panel of 553,581 variants. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis revealed 36,916 cis-eQTLs and 14,408 trans-eQTLs. Association analysis resulted in three eQTLs associated with BFT and 24 with IMF. Functional enrichment analysis of genes regulated by these 27 eQTLs revealed noteworthy pathways that can play a fundamental role in lipid metabolism and fat deposition, such as immune response, cytoskeleton remodeling, iron transport, and phospholipid metabolism. We next used ATAC-Seq assay to identify and overlap eQTL and open chromatin regions. Six eQTLs were in regulatory regions, four in predicted insulators and possible CCCTC-binding factor DNA binding sites, one in an active enhancer region, and the last in a low signal region. Our results provided novel insights into the transcriptional regulation of IMF and BFT, unraveling putative regulatory variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Soares Garcia
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Silva-Vignato
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva Mello Cesar
- Department of Agroindustry, Food and Nutrition, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Petrini
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Henrique da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Silva Morosini
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Purcell Goes
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Thaís Ribeiro da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Delcarme Lima
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luan Gaspar Clemente
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Gerson Barreto Mourão
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Lehmann Coutinho
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hatami M, Javanbakht MH, Haghighat N, Sohrabi Z, Yavar R, Pazouki A, Farsani GM. Energy expenditure related biomarkers following bariatric surgery: a prospective six-month cohort study. BMC Surg 2024; 24:129. [PMID: 38678284 PMCID: PMC11055239 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-024-02421-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria dysfunction is one of the major causes of insulin resistance, and other countless complications of obesity. PGC-1α, and UCP-2 play key roles in energy expenditure regulation in the mitochondrial thermogenesis. However, the effects of bariatric surgery on the level of PGC-1α and UCP-2 and their relationships are unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of bariatric surgery on key pathways in energy, and to assess the potential predictive role of body composition and metabolic parameters in this regard. SETTINGS Hazrat-e Rasool General Hospital, Center of Excellence of International Federation for Surgery of Obesity. METHODS This prospective cohort study was carried out on 45 patients with morbid obesity who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. The patients have evaluated three-time points at baseline, three, and six months after the surgery. Body composition components, the levels of PGC-1α, UCP-2, and metabolic parameters were measured three times during this study. RESULTS Significant changes in TWL%, EBMIL%, and metabolic lab tests were observed at three- and six months post-surgery (P < 0.001). The PGC-1α and UCP-2 had a significant increase three and then six-month post-operation compared with the baseline (P < 0.001). Moreover, multivariate linear regression analysis identified that the changing trend of PGC-1α was associated with insulin, uric Acid, HOMA-IR, fat mass and trunk fat mass. UCP-2 was associated with TSH, AST, fat mass and FFM. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery has been shown to have a positive effect on UCP-2 and PGC-1α levels, as well as body composition and metabolic parameters. As a result, it is believed that bariatric surgery could improve thermogenesis and energy expenditure by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and function. However, further studies are needed to fully understand the precise mechanisms and possible causal relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Hatami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Javanbakht
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Haghighat
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Sohrabi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rahman Yavar
- Department of Genetics, Akbar-Abadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Pazouki
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center of Excellence of International Federation for Surgery of Obesity, Hazrat-E Rasool Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Mohammadi Farsani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
De Mario A, Trevellin E, Piazza I, Vindigni V, Foletto M, Rizzuto R, Vettor R, Mammucari C. Mitochondrial Ca 2+ signaling is a hallmark of specific adipose tissue-cancer crosstalk. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8469. [PMID: 38605098 PMCID: PMC11009327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55650-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased risk and worse prognosis of many tumours including those of the breast and of the esophagus. Adipokines released from the peritumoural adipose tissue promote the metastatic potential of cancer cells, suggesting the existence of a crosstalk between the adipose tissue and the surrounding tumour. Mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling contributes to the progression of carcinoma of different origins. However, whether adipocyte-derived factors modulate mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling in tumours is unknown. Here, we show that conditioned media derived from adipose tissue cultures (ADCM) enriched in precursor cells impinge on mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis of target cells. Moreover, in modulating mitochondrial Ca2+ responses, a univocal crosstalk exists between visceral adipose tissue-derived preadipocytes and esophageal cancer cells, and between subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived preadipocytes and triple-negative breast cancer cells. An unbiased metabolomic analysis of ADCM identified creatine and creatinine for their ability to modulate mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, migration and proliferation of esophageal and breast tumour cells, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnese De Mario
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Trevellin
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Padua University Hospital, via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Piazza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Vindigni
- Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mirto Foletto
- Bariatric Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Padua University Hospital, via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
| | - Cristina Mammucari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yu X, Benitez G, Wei PT, Krylova SV, Song Z, Liu L, Zhang M, Xiaoli AM, Wei H, Chen F, Sidoli S, Yang F, Shinoda K, Pessin JE, Feng D. Involution of brown adipose tissue through a Syntaxin 4 dependent pyroptosis pathway. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2856. [PMID: 38565851 PMCID: PMC10987578 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging, chronic high-fat diet feeding, or housing at thermoneutrality induces brown adipose tissue (BAT) involution, a process characterized by reduction of BAT mass and function with increased lipid droplet size. Single nuclei RNA sequencing of aged mice identifies a specific brown adipocyte population of Ucp1-low cells that are pyroptotic and display a reduction in the longevity gene syntaxin 4 (Stx4a). Similar to aged brown adipocytes, Ucp1-STX4KO mice display loss of brown adipose tissue mass and thermogenic dysfunction concomitant with increased pyroptosis. Restoration of STX4 expression or suppression of pyroptosis activation protects against the decline in both mass and thermogenic activity in the aged and Ucp1-STX4KO mice. Mechanistically, STX4 deficiency reduces oxidative phosphorylation, glucose uptake, and glycolysis leading to reduced ATP levels, a known triggering signal for pyroptosis. Together, these data demonstrate an understanding of rapid brown adipocyte involution and that physiologic aging and thermogenic dysfunction result from pyroptotic signaling activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yu
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Gabrielle Benitez
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Peter Tszki Wei
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Sofia V Krylova
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Ziyi Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Meifan Zhang
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Alus M Xiaoli
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Henna Wei
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Fenfen Chen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650244, China
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Fajun Yang
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Kosaku Shinoda
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Pessin
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Daorong Feng
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li Q, Byun J, Choi J, Park J, Lee J, Oh YK. Nanomodulator-Mediated Restructuring of Adipose Tissue Immune Microenvironments for Antiobesity Treatment. ACS NANO 2024; 18:9311-9330. [PMID: 38498418 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
In obesity, the interactions between proinflammatory macrophages and adipocytes in white adipose tissues are known to play a crucial role in disease progression by providing inflammatory microenvironments. Here, we report that the functional nanoparticle-mediated modulation of crosstalk between adipocytes and macrophages can remodel adipocyte immune microenvironments. As a functional nanomodulator, we designed antivascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 antibody-conjugated and amlexanox-loaded polydopamine nanoparticles (VAPN). Amlexanox was used as a model drug to increase energy expenditure. Compared to nanoparticles lacking antibody modification or amlexanox, VAPN showed significantly greater binding to VCAM-1-expressing adipocytes and lowered the interaction of adipocytes with macrophages. In high fat diet-fed mice, repeated subcutaneous administration of VAPN increased the populations of beige adipocytes and ameliorated inflammation in white adipose tissues. Moreover, the localized application of VAPN in vivo exerted a systemic metabolic effect and reduced metabolic disorders, including insulin tolerance and liver steatosis. These findings suggested that VAPN had potential to modulate the immune microenvironments of adipose tissues for the immunologic treatment of obesity. Although we used amlexanox as a model drug and anti-VCAM-1 antibody in VAPN, the concept of immune nanomodulators can be widely applied to the immunological treatment of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Li
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Byun
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaiwoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhao JY, Zhou LJ, Ma KL, Hao R, Li M. MHO or MUO? White adipose tissue remodeling. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13691. [PMID: 38186200 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
In this review, we delve into the intricate relationship between white adipose tissue (WAT) remodeling and metabolic aspects in obesity, with a specific focus on individuals with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). WAT is a highly heterogeneous, plastic, and dynamically secreting endocrine and immune organ. WAT remodeling plays a crucial role in metabolic health, involving expansion mode, microenvironment, phenotype, and distribution. In individuals with MHO, WAT remodeling is beneficial, reducing ectopic fat deposition and insulin resistance (IR) through mechanisms like increased adipocyte hyperplasia, anti-inflammatory microenvironment, appropriate extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, appropriate vascularization, enhanced WAT browning, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SWAT) deposition. Conversely, for those with MUO, WAT remodeling leads to ectopic fat deposition and IR, causing metabolic dysregulation. This process involves adipocyte hypertrophy, disrupted vascularization, heightened pro-inflammatory microenvironment, enhanced brown adipose tissue (BAT) whitening, and accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VWAT) deposition. The review underscores the pivotal importance of intervening in WAT remodeling to hinder the transition from MHO to MUO. This insight is valuable for tailoring personalized and effective management strategies for patients with obesity in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yi Zhao
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Juan Zhou
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Le Ma
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
de Oliveira E Silva AM, Pereira RO, Oliveira AKDS, Harris FS, de Melo ILP, Almeida-Souza TH, Yoshime LT, Dos Santos Melo C, Lopes Dos Santos J, de Andrade-Wartha ERS, Cogliati B, Granato D, Mancini-Filho J. Ameliorative effects of aqueous extract from rosemary on oxidative stress and inflammation pathways caused by a high-fat diet in C57BL/6 mice. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:459-472. [PMID: 38048548 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Rosemary is an herb exhibits biological properties, attenuates inflammation, oxidative stress, and improves lipid profile. Here, we evaluated the effects of rosemary aqueous extract (RE) on mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). Male C57BL/6 mice were administered a control diet or HFD for 10 weeks. The treated groups received RE in the diet at different concentrations: 25, 250, and 500 mg/100 g. After 10 weeks, serum concentrations of glucose, lipid, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, and cytokines were evaluated and the oxygen radical absorbance capacity was determined. Histological analysis was performed to determine the concentrations of triacylglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, cytokines, and antioxidant enzymes as well as the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The dietary RE ameliorated HFD-induced weight gain, adipose tissue weight, glucose intolerance, and insulin, leptin, and free fatty acid levels. Reduction in hepatic TG deposition was observed. The levels of inflammatory cytokines decreased, and the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism increased. RE mitigated oxidative stress and reduced the production of reactive oxygen species in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells. Therefore, RE is a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention of inflammation and oxidative stress outcomes associated with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mara de Oliveira E Silva
- Nutrition Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Raquel Oliveira Pereira
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Santana Harris
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Laboratory of Lipids, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Illana Louise Pereira de Melo
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Laboratory of Lipids, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Tedesco Yoshime
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Laboratory of Lipids, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dos Santos Melo
- Nutrition Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Jymmys Lopes Dos Santos
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Jorge Mancini-Filho
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Laboratory of Lipids, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ghesmati Z, Rashid M, Fayezi S, Gieseler F, Alizadeh E, Darabi M. An update on the secretory functions of brown, white, and beige adipose tissue: Towards therapeutic applications. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:279-308. [PMID: 38051471 PMCID: PMC10942928 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue, including white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and beige adipose tissue, is vital in modulating whole-body energy metabolism. While WAT primarily stores energy, BAT dissipates energy as heat for thermoregulation. Beige adipose tissue is a hybrid form of adipose tissue that shares characteristics with WAT and BAT. Dysregulation of adipose tissue metabolism is linked to various disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and infertility. Both brown and beige adipocytes secrete multiple molecules, such as batokines, packaged in extracellular vesicles or as soluble signaling molecules that play autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine roles. A greater understanding of the adipocyte secretome is essential for identifying novel molecular targets in treating metabolic disorders. Additionally, microRNAs show crucial roles in regulating adipose tissue differentiation and function, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for metabolic disorders. The browning of WAT has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach in treating obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Many browning agents have been identified, and nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have been developed to enhance their efficacy. This review scrutinizes the characteristics of and differences between white, brown, and beige adipose tissues, the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of the adipocytes, the significant roles of batokines, and regulatory microRNAs active in different adipose tissues. Finally, the potential of WAT browning in treating obesity and atherosclerosis, the relationship of BAT with cancer and fertility disorders, and the crosstalk between adipose tissue with circadian system and circadian disorders are also investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Ghesmati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shabnam Fayezi
- Department of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, Women's Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Gieseler
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Effat Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Masoud Darabi
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Peng C, Chen J, Wu R, Jiang H, Li J. Unraveling the complex roles of macrophages in obese adipose tissue: an overview. Front Med 2024; 18:205-236. [PMID: 38165533 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages, a heterogeneous population of innate immune cells, exhibit remarkable plasticity and play pivotal roles in coordinating immune responses and maintaining tissue homeostasis within the context of metabolic diseases. The activation of inflammatory macrophages in obese adipose tissue leads to detrimental effects, inducing insulin resistance through increased inflammation, impaired thermogenesis, and adipose tissue fibrosis. Meanwhile, adipose tissue macrophages also play a beneficial role in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis by regulating angiogenesis, facilitating the clearance of dead adipocytes, and promoting mitochondrial transfer. Exploring the heterogeneity of macrophages in obese adipose tissue is crucial for unraveling the pathogenesis of obesity and holds significant potential for targeted therapeutic interventions. Recently, the dual effects and some potential regulatory mechanisms of macrophages in adipose tissue have been elucidated using single-cell technology. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the intricate activation mechanisms and diverse functions of macrophages in adipose tissue during obesity, as well as explore the potential of drug delivery systems targeting macrophages, aiming to enhance the understanding of current regulatory mechanisms that may be potentially targeted for treating obesity or metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Haowen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jia Li
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Navarro-Perez J, Carobbio S. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells, in vivo and in vitro models for metabolic diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116108. [PMID: 38438053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The primary role of adipose tissue stem cells (ADSCs) is to support the function and homeostasis of adipose tissue in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. However, when ADSCs become dysfunctional in diseases such as obesity and cancer, they become impaired, undergo signalling changes, and their epigenome is altered, which can have a dramatic effect on human health. In more recent years, the therapeutic potential of ADSCs in regenerative medicine, wound healing, and for treating conditions such as cancer and metabolic diseases has been extensively investigated with very promising results. ADSCs have also been used to generate two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cellular and in vivo models to study adipose tissue biology and function as well as intracellular communication. Characterising the biology and function of ADSCs, how it is altered in health and disease, and its therapeutic potential and uses in cellular models is key for designing intervention strategies for complex metabolic diseases and cancer.
Collapse
|
36
|
Valle A, Castillo P, García-Rodríguez A, Palou A, Palou M, Picó C. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor as a Potential Mediator of the Beneficial Effects of Myo-Inositol Supplementation during Suckling in the Offspring of Gestational-Calorie-Restricted Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:980. [PMID: 38613013 PMCID: PMC11013066 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the protective effects of myo-inositol (MI) supplementation during suckling against the detrimental effects of fetal energy restriction described in animal studies, particularly focusing on the potential connections with BDNF signaling. Oral physiological doses of MI or the vehicle were given daily to the offspring of control (CON) and 25%-calorie-restricted (CR) pregnant rats during suckling. The animals were weaned and then fed a standard diet until 5 months of age, when the diet was switched to a Western diet until 7 months of age. At 25 days and 7 months of age, the plasma BDNF levels and mRNA expression were analyzed in the hypothalamus and three adipose tissue depots. MI supplementation, especially in the context of gestational calorie restriction, promoted BDNF secretion and signaling at a juvenile age and in adulthood, which was more evident in the male offspring of the CR dams than in females. Moreover, the CR animals supplemented with MI exhibited a stimulated anorexigenic signaling pathway in the hypothalamus, along with improved peripheral glucose management and enhanced browning capacity. These findings suggest a novel connection between MI supplementation during suckling, BDNF signaling, and metabolic programming, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of MI during lactation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Valle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- Artificial Intelligence Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IAIB), 07122 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Castillo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- Artificial Intelligence Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IAIB), 07122 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián García-Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- Artificial Intelligence Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IAIB), 07122 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- Artificial Intelligence Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IAIB), 07122 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariona Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- Artificial Intelligence Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IAIB), 07122 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Catalina Picó
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
- Artificial Intelligence Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IAIB), 07122 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tremblay EJ, Tchernof A, Pelletier M, Joanisse DR, Mauriège P. Plasma adiponectin/leptin ratio associates with subcutaneous abdominal and omental adipose tissue characteristics in women. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:39. [PMID: 38481206 PMCID: PMC10938796 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01567-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A better understanding of adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, which includes morphological and functional changes such as adipocyte hypertrophy as well as impaired adipogenesis, lipid storage/mobilization, endocrine and inflammatory responses, is needed in the context of obesity. One dimension of AT dysfunction, secretory adiposopathy, often assessed as a low plasma adiponectin (A)/leptin (L) ratio, is commonly observed in obesity. The aim of this study was to examine markers of AT development and metabolism in 67 women of varying age and adiposity (age: 40-62 years; body mass index, BMI: 17-41 kg/m2) according to levels of adiponectinemia, leptinemia or the plasma A/L ratio. METHODS Body composition, regional AT distribution and circulating adipokines were determined. Lipolysis was measured from glycerol release in subcutaneous abdominal (SCABD) and omental (OME) adipocytes under basal, isoproterenol-, forskolin (FSK)- and dibutyryl-cyclic AMP (DcAMP)-stimulated conditions. Adipogenesis (C/EBP-α/β/δ, PPAR-γ2 and SREBP-1c) and lipid metabolism (β2-ARs, HSL, FABP4, LPL and GLUT4) gene expression (RT-qPCR) was assessed in both fat depots. Participants in the upper versus lower tertile of adiponectin, leptin or the A/L ratio were compared. RESULTS Basal lipolysis was similar between groups. Women with a low plasma A/L ratio were characterized by higher adiposity and larger SCABD and OME adipocytes (p<0.01) compared to those with a high ratio. In OME adipocytes, women in the low adiponectinemia tertile showed higher isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis (0.01 CONCLUSIONS Secretory adiposopathy assessed as the plasma A/L ratio, more so than adiponectin or leptin levels alone, discriminates low and elevated lipolysis in OME and SCABD adipocytes despite similar AT expression of selected genes involved in lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eve-Julie Tremblay
- École de Nutrition, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - André Tchernof
- École de Nutrition, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Mélissa Pelletier
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Denis R Joanisse
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
- Département de kinésiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Pascale Mauriège
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.
- Département de kinésiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kumari N, Kumari R, Dua A, Singh M, Kumar R, Singh P, Duyar-Ayerdi S, Pradeep S, Ojesina AI, Kumar R. From Gut to Hormones: Unraveling the Role of Gut Microbiota in (Phyto)Estrogen Modulation in Health and Disease. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300688. [PMID: 38342595 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota regulates estrogen metabolism through the "estrobolome," the collection of bacterial genes that encode enzymes like β-glucuronidases and β-glucosidases. These enzymes deconjugate and reactivate estrogen, influencing circulating levels. The estrobolome mediates the enterohepatic circulation and bioavailability of estrogen. Alterations in gut microbiota composition and estrobolome function have been associated with estrogen-related diseases like breast cancer, enometrial cancer, and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). This is likely due to dysregulated estrogen signaling partly contributed by the microbial impacts on estrogen metabolism. Dietary phytoestrogens also undergo bacterial metabolism into active metabolites like equol, which binds estrogen receptors and exhibits higher estrogenic potency than its precursor daidzein. However, the ability to produce equol varies across populations, depending on the presence of specific gut microbes. Characterizing the estrobolome and equol-producing genes across populations can provide microbiome-based biomarkers. Further research is needed to investigate specific components of the estrobolome, phytoestrogen-microbiota interactions, and mechanisms linking dysbiosis to estrogen-related pathology. However, current evidence suggests that the gut microbiota is an integral regulator of estrogen status with clinical relevance to women's health and hormonal disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Kumari
- Post-Graduate Department of Zoology, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, Bihar, 824234, India
| | - Rashmi Kumari
- Department of Zoology, College of Commerce, Arts & Science, Patliputra University, Patna, Bihar, 800020, India
| | - Ankita Dua
- Department of Zoology, Shivaji College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110027, India
| | - Mona Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Roushan Kumar
- Post-Graduate Department of Zoology, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, Bihar, 824234, India
| | - Poonam Singh
- Post-Graduate Department of Zoology, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, Bihar, 824234, India
| | - Susan Duyar-Ayerdi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Sunila Pradeep
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Akinyemi I Ojesina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Post-Graduate Department of Zoology, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, Bihar, 824234, India
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Dos Reis SA, Gonçalves JD, Lima KDA, Demaria TM, Costa-Bartuli E, Gomes TA, Corrêa MBC, Atella GC, Sola-Penna M, Rosa PS, Pessolani MCV, Nagajyothi J, Lara FA. Mycobacterium leprae is able to infect adipocytes, inducing lipolysis and modulating the immune response. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105283. [PMID: 38141852 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the intracellular bacillus Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), which is known to infect skin macrophages and Schwann cells. Although adipose tissue is a recognized site of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, its role in the histopathology of leprosy was, until now, unknown. We analyzed the M. leprae capacity to infect and persist inside adipocytes, characterizing the induction of a lipolytic phenotype in adipocytes, as well as the effect of these infected cells on macrophage recruitment. We evaluated 3T3-L1-derived adipocytes, inguinal adipose tissue of SWR/J mice, and subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies of leprosy patients. M. leprae was able to infect 3T3-L1-derived adipocytes in vitro, presenting a strong lipolytic profile after infection, followed by significant cholesterol efflux. This lipolytic phenotype was replicated in vivo by M. leprae injection into mice inguinal adipose tissue. Furthermore, M. leprae was detected inside crown-like structures in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of multibacillary patients. These data indicate that subcutaneous adipose tissue could be an important site of infection, and probably persistence, for M. leprae, being involved in the modulation of the innate immune control in leprosy via the release of cholesterol, MCP-1, and adiponectin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Alves Dos Reis
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunoterapia Celular e Gênica, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jessica Dias Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karoline Dos Anjos Lima
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Lipídeos e Lipoproteínas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thaina Magalhaes Demaria
- The MetaboliZSm GrouP, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emylle Costa-Bartuli
- The MetaboliZSm GrouP, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tiago Araujo Gomes
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Georgia Correa Atella
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Lipídeos e Lipoproteínas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mauro Sola-Penna
- The MetaboliZSm GrouP, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jyothi Nagajyothi
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ-07110, USA
| | - Flavio Alves Lara
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mallick R, Basak S, Das RK, Banerjee A, Paul S, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Fatty Acids and their Proteins in Adipose Tissue Inflammation. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:35-51. [PMID: 37794302 PMCID: PMC10867084 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic low-grade adipose tissue inflammation is associated with metabolic disorders. Inflammation results from the intertwined cross-talks of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways in the immune response of adipose tissue. In addition, adipose FABP4 levels and lipid droplet proteins are involved in systemic and tissue inflammation. Dysregulated adipocytes help infiltrate immune cells derived from bone marrow responsible for producing cytokines and chemokines. When adipose tissue expands in excess, adipocyte exhibits increased secretion of adipokines and is implicated in metabolic disturbances due to the release of free fatty acids. This review presents an emerging concept in adipose tissue fat metabolism, fatty acid handling and binding proteins, and lipid droplet proteins and their involvement in inflammatory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Mallick
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ranjit K Das
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc, San Pablo, Queretaro, 76130, Mexico
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bettinetti-Luque M, Trujillo-Estrada L, Garcia-Fuentes E, Andreo-Lopez J, Sanchez-Varo R, Garrido-Sánchez L, Gómez-Mediavilla Á, López MG, Garcia-Caballero M, Gutierrez A, Baglietto-Vargas D. Adipose tissue as a therapeutic target for vascular damage in Alzheimer's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:840-878. [PMID: 37706346 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue has recently been recognized as an important endocrine organ that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and in the immune response in many metabolic tissues. With this regard, emerging evidence indicates that an important crosstalk exists between the adipose tissue and the brain. However, the contribution of adipose tissue to the development of age-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, remains poorly defined. New studies suggest that the adipose tissue modulates brain function through a range of endogenous biologically active factors known as adipokines, which can cross the blood-brain barrier to reach the target areas in the brain or to regulate the function of the blood-brain barrier. In this review, we discuss the effects of several adipokines on the physiology of the blood-brain barrier, their contribution to the development of Alzheimer's disease and their therapeutic potential. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue From Alzheimer's Disease to Vascular Dementia: Different Roads Leading to Cognitive Decline. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.6/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Bettinetti-Luque
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Laura Trujillo-Estrada
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Fuentes
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Andreo-Lopez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Varo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Histología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Física y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ángela Gómez-Mediavilla
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto Teófilo Hernando para la I+D de Fármacos, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela G López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto Teófilo Hernando para la I+D de Fármacos, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IIS-IP), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melissa Garcia-Caballero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonia Gutierrez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Baglietto-Vargas
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Alemany M. The Metabolic Syndrome, a Human Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2251. [PMID: 38396928 PMCID: PMC10888680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the question of metabolic syndrome (MS) being a complex, but essentially monophyletic, galaxy of associated diseases/disorders, or just a syndrome of related but rather independent pathologies. The human nature of MS (its exceptionality in Nature and its close interdependence with human action and evolution) is presented and discussed. The text also describes the close interdependence of its components, with special emphasis on the description of their interrelations (including their syndromic development and recruitment), as well as their consequences upon energy handling and partition. The main theories on MS's origin and development are presented in relation to hepatic steatosis, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, but encompass most of the MS components described so far. The differential effects of sex and its biological consequences are considered under the light of human social needs and evolution, which are also directly related to MS epidemiology, severity, and relations with senescence. The triggering and maintenance factors of MS are discussed, with especial emphasis on inflammation, a complex process affecting different levels of organization and which is a critical element for MS development. Inflammation is also related to the operation of connective tissue (including the adipose organ) and the widely studied and acknowledged influence of diet. The role of diet composition, including the transcendence of the anaplerotic maintenance of the Krebs cycle from dietary amino acid supply (and its timing), is developed in the context of testosterone and β-estradiol control of the insulin-glycaemia hepatic core system of carbohydrate-triacylglycerol energy handling. The high probability of MS acting as a unique complex biological control system (essentially monophyletic) is presented, together with additional perspectives/considerations on the treatment of this 'very' human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marià Alemany
- Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Moens de Hase E, Neyrinck AM, Rodriguez J, Cnop M, Paquot N, Thissen JP, Xu Y, Beloqui A, Bindels LB, Delzenne NM, Van Hul M, Cani PD. Impact of metformin and Dysosmobacter welbionis on diet-induced obesity and diabetes: from clinical observation to preclinical intervention. Diabetologia 2024; 67:333-345. [PMID: 37897566 PMCID: PMC10789671 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We aimed to investigate the association between the abundance of Dysosmobacter welbionis, a commensal gut bacterium, and metabolic health in human participants with obesity and diabetes, and the influence of metformin treatment and prebiotic intervention. METHODS Metabolic variables were assessed and faecal samples were collected from 106 participants in a randomised controlled intervention with a prebiotic stratified by metformin treatment (Food4Gut trial). The abundance of D. welbionis was measured by quantitative PCR and correlated with metabolic markers. The in vitro effect of metformin on D. welbionis growth was evaluated and an in vivo study was performed in mice to investigate the effects of metformin and D. welbionis J115T supplementation, either alone or in combination, on metabolic variables. RESULTS D. welbionis abundance was unaffected by prebiotic treatment but was significantly higher in metformin-treated participants. Responders to prebiotic treatment had higher baseline D. welbionis levels than non-responders. D. welbionis was negatively correlated with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and fasting blood glucose levels in humans with obesity and type 2 diabetes. In vitro, metformin had no direct effect on D. welbionis growth. In mice, D. welbionis J115T treatment reduced body weight gain and liver weight, and improved glucose tolerance to a better level than metformin, but did not have synergistic effects with metformin. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION D. welbionis abundance is influenced by metformin treatment and associated with prebiotic response, liver health and glucose metabolism in humans with obesity and diabetes. This study suggests that D. welbionis may play a role in metabolic health and warrants further investigation. CLINICAL TRIAL NCT03852069.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Moens de Hase
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Rodriguez
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, and Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Paquot
- Laboratory of Diabetology, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yining Xu
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ana Beloqui
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium.
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium.
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wi D, Park CY. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 affects thapsigargin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Nutr Res Pract 2024; 18:1-18. [PMID: 38352211 PMCID: PMC10861344 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in adipose tissue causes an inflammatory response and leads to metabolic diseases. However, the association between vitamin D and adipose ER stress remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated whether 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) alleviates ER stress in adipocytes. MATERIALS/METHODS 3T3-L1 cells were treated with different concentrations (i.e., 10-100 nM) of 1,25(OH)2D3 after or during differentiation (i.e., on day 0-7, 3-7, or 7). They were then incubated with thapsigargin (TG, 500 nM) for an additional 24 h to induce ER stress. Next, we measured the mRNA and protein levels of genes involved in unfold protein response (UPR) and adipogenesis using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting and quantified the secreted protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Finally, the mRNA levels of UPR pathway genes were measured in adipocytes transfected with siRNA-targeting Vdr. RESULTS Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 during various stages of adipocyte differentiation significantly inhibited ER stress induced by TG. In fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment suppressed mRNA levels of Ddit3, sXbp1, and Atf4 and decreased the secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. However, downregulation of the mRNA levels of Ddit3, sXbp1, and Atf4 following 1,25(OH)2D3 administration was not observed in Vdr-knockdown adipocytes. In addition, exposure of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited transcription of Ddit3, sXbp1, Atf4, Bip, and Atf6 and reduced the p-alpha subunit of translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α)/eIF2α and p-protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK)/PERK protein ratios. Furthermore, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment before adipocyte differentiation reduced adipogenesis and the mRNA levels of adipogenic genes. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that 1,25(OH)2D3 prevents TG-induced ER stress and inflammatory responses in mature adipocytes by downregulating UPR signaling via binding with Vdr. In addition, the inhibition of adipogenesis by vitamin D may contribute to the reduction of ER stress in adipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dain Wi
- Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Health Science, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Korea
| | - Chan Yoon Park
- Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Health Science, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gil TY, Park J, Park YJ, Kim HJ, Cominguez DC, An HJ. Drynaria rhizome water extract alleviates high‑fat diet‑induced obesity in mice. Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:30. [PMID: 38131179 PMCID: PMC10784730 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Drynaria rhizome is a herbal medicine used for strengthening bones and treating bone diseases in East Asia. Although obesity is considered to benefit bone formation, it has been revealed that visceral fat accumulation can promote osteoporosis. Given the complex relationship between bone metabolism and obesity, bone‑strengthening medicines should be evaluated while considering the effects of obesity. The present study investigated the effects of Drynaria rhizome extract (DRE) on high‑fat diet (HFD)‑induced obese mice. DRE was supplemented with the HFD. Body weight, food intake, the expression levels of lipogenesis transcription factors, including sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)‑1, peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor (PPAR)‑γ and adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase (AMPK)‑α, and AMPK activation were evaluated. Mice fed DRE and a HFD exhibited reduced body weight without differences in food intake compared with those in the HFD group. Furthermore, DRE; upregulated AMPK‑α of epididymal one; down‑regulated SREBP‑1 and PPAR‑γ, as determined using western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Decreased lipid accumulation were observed in both fat pad and liver of HFD‑fed mice, which were suppressed by DRE treatment. These results demonstrated the potential of DRE as a dietary natural product for strengthening bones and managing obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Young Gil
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Junkyu Park
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea-Jin Park
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of Korean Medicine and Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Gangwon 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Divina C. Cominguez
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of Korean Medicine and Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Gangwon 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Jeon YG, Nahmgoong H, Oh J, Lee D, Kim DW, Kim JE, Kim YY, Ji Y, Han JS, Kim SM, Sohn JH, Lee WT, Kim SW, Park J, Huh JY, Jo K, Cho JY, Park J, Kim JB. Ubiquitin ligase RNF20 coordinates sequential adipose thermogenesis with brown and beige fat-specific substrates. Nat Commun 2024; 15:940. [PMID: 38296968 PMCID: PMC10831072 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In mammals, brown adipose tissue (BAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) execute sequential thermogenesis to maintain body temperature during cold stimuli. BAT rapidly generates heat through brown adipocyte activation, and further iWAT gradually stimulates beige fat cell differentiation upon prolonged cold challenges. However, fat depot-specific regulatory mechanisms for thermogenic activation of two fat depots are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF20 orchestrates adipose thermogenesis with BAT- and iWAT-specific substrates. Upon cold stimuli, BAT RNF20 is rapidly downregulated, resulting in GABPα protein elevation by controlling protein stability, which stimulates thermogenic gene expression. Accordingly, BAT-specific Rnf20 suppression potentiates BAT thermogenic activity via GABPα upregulation. Moreover, upon prolonged cold stimuli, iWAT RNF20 is gradually upregulated to promote de novo beige adipogenesis. Mechanistically, iWAT RNF20 mediates NCoR1 protein degradation, rather than GABPα, to activate PPARγ. Together, current findings propose fat depot-specific regulatory mechanisms for temporal activation of adipose thermogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Geun Jeon
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Hahn Nahmgoong
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Bioengineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Dabin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jane Eunsoo Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Ye Young Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Yul Ji
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Ji Seul Han
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Sung Min Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jee Hyung Sohn
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Won Taek Lee
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Sun Won Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jeu Park
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Huh
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, South Korea
| | - Kyuri Jo
- Department of Computer Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
| | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Bioengineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yang YY, Qi JJ, Jiang SY, Ye L. Esculin ameliorates obesity-induced insulin resistance by improving adipose tissue remodeling and activating the IRS1/PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117251. [PMID: 37778516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cortex fraxini (also known as qinpi)-the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance (Oleaceae)-is widely used as a Chinese traditional medicinal for its anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperuricemic activities. AIM OF THE STUDY Obesity-induced insulin resistance (IR) is driving the rising incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is related to pathological adipose tissue remodeling. Esculin, a major active component of Cortex fraxini, has anti-diabetic effects. However, whether esculin improves obesity-induced IR by regulating adipose tissue remodeling is unclear. The aims of the present study were to assess the effects of esculin on obesity-induced IR and to explore the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Obese IR C57BL/6J mice were treated with esculin (40 or 80 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance tests were used to assess insulin sensitivity. Histological analyses were performed to analyze the number and size distribution of adipocytes. Glucose uptake was assessed using 2-NBDG. RESULTS Esculin had no effect on body weight gain but reduced fasting blood glucose, improved oral glucose tolerance, and increased insulin sensitivity. Esculin reduced adipocyte size and the expression levels of collagen 4A1 and tumor necrosis factor α and increased the number of adipocytes and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A. Esculin promoted the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and upregulated the mRNA expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, activated the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, and enhanced the translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) and glucose uptake in adipocytes treated with palmitic acid. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that esculin increases insulin sensitivity by improving adipose tissue remodeling and activating the IRS1/PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Central of Translational Medical and Innovative Drug, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Qi
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Si-Yi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College, Yueyang Vocational Technical College, YueYang, Hunan, China.
| | - Ling Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abdalla MMI. Therapeutic potential of adiponectin in prediabetes: strategies, challenges, and future directions. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2024; 15:20420188231222371. [PMID: 38250316 PMCID: PMC10798122 DOI: 10.1177/20420188231222371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, an adipose-derived hormone, plays a pivotal role in glucose regulation and lipid metabolism, with a decrease in circulating adiponectin levels being linked to insulin resistance and prediabetes. This review examines the therapeutic potential of adiponectin in managing prediabetes, elucidating on multiple aspects including its role in glucose and lipid metabolism, influence on insulin sensitivity, and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, the paper highlights the latest strategies to augment adiponectin levels, such as gene therapy, pharmacological interventions, dietary modifications, and lifestyle changes. It also addresses the challenges encountered in translating preclinical findings into clinical practice, primarily related to drug delivery, safety, and efficacy. Lastly, the review proposes future directions, underlining the need for large-scale human trials, novel adiponectin analogs, and personalized treatment strategies to harness adiponectin's full therapeutic potential in preventing the transition from prediabetes to diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mohamed Ibrahim Abdalla
- Human Biology Department, School of Medicine, International Medical University, 126, Jln Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Jin H, Han H, Song G, Oh HJ, Lee BY. Anti-Obesity Effects of GABA in C57BL/6J Mice with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:995. [PMID: 38256069 PMCID: PMC10815605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the excessive accumulation of body fat resulting from impairment in energy balance mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism whereby GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity, and whether it induces lipolysis and browning in white adipose tissue (WAT), using high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We demonstrated that GABA substantially inhibits the body mass gain of mice by suppressing adipogenesis and lipogenesis. Consistent with this result, histological analysis of WAT demonstrated that GABA decreases adipocyte size. Moreover, we show that GABA administration decreases fasting blood glucose and improves serum lipid profiles and hepatic lipogenesis in HFD-fed obese mice. Furthermore, Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses showed that GABA activates protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathways that increase lipolysis and promote uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-mediated WAT browning. Overall, these results suggest that GABA exerts an anti-obesity effect via the regulation of lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Boo-Yong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (H.J.); (H.H.); (G.S.); (H.-J.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Han LL, Zhang X, Zhang H, Li T, Zhao YC, Tian MH, Sun FL, Feng B. Alisol B 23-acetate promotes white adipose tissue browning to mitigate high-fat diet-induced obesity by regulating mTOR-SREBP1 signaling. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 22:83-92. [PMID: 38311542 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is a global health concern with management strategies encompassing bariatric surgery and anti-obesity drugs; however, concerns regarding complexities and side effects persist, driving research for more effective, low-risk strategies. The promotion of white adipose tissue (WAT) browning has emerged as a promising approach. Moreover, alisol B 23-acetate (AB23A) has demonstrated efficacy in addressing metabolic disorders, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent in obesity management. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of AB23A for mitigating obesity by regulating metabolic phenotypes and lipid distribution in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS An obesity mouse model was established by administration of an HFD. Glucose and insulin metabolism were assessed via glucose and insulin tolerance tests. Adipocyte size was determined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression of browning markers in WAT was evaluated using Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Metabolic cage monitoring involved the assessment of various parameters, including food and water intake, energy metabolism, respiratory exchange rates, and physical activity. Moreover, oil red O staining was used to evaluate intracellular lipid accumulation. A bioinformatic analysis tool for identifying the molecular mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine was used to examine AB23A targets and associated signaling pathways. RESULTS AB23A administration significantly reduced the weight of obese mice, decreased the mass of inguinal WAT, epididymal WAT, and perirenal adipose tissue, improved glucose and insulin metabolism, and reduced adipocyte size. Moreover, treatment with AB23A promoted the expression of browning markers in WAT, enhanced overall energy metabolism in mice, and had no discernible effect on food intake, water consumption, or physical activity. In 3T3-L1 cells, AB23A inhibited lipid accumulation, and both AB23A and rapamycin inhibited the mammalian target of rapamycin-sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (mTOR-SREBP1) signaling pathway. Furthermore, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, dexamethasone and insulin, at concentrations of 0.25 mmol/L, 0.25 μmol/L and 1 μg/mL, respectively, induced activation of the mTOR-SREBP1 signaling pathway, which was further strengthened by an mTOR activator MHY1485. Notably, MHY1485 reversed the beneficial effects of AB23A in 3T3-L1 cells. CONCLUSION AB23A promoted WAT browning by inhibiting the mTOR-SREBP1 signaling pathway, offering a potential strategy to prevent obesity. Please cite this article as: Han LL, Zhang X, Zhang H, Li T, Zhao YC, Tian MH, Sun FL, Feng B. Alisol B 23-acetate promotes white adipose tissue browning to mitigate high-fat diet-induced obesity by regulating mTOR-SREBP1 signaling. J Integr Med. 2024; 22(1): 83-92.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Han
- Department of Neurology Three, The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ting Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yi-Chen Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital), Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming-Hui Tian
- Chinese Medicine Culture and Literature Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Feng-Lei Sun
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital), Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Second People's Hospital of Haibei Prefecture, Zangzu Autonomous Prefecture of Haibei, 810300, Qinghai Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|