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Beltran-Casanueva R, Hernández-García A, Serrano-Castro PJ, Sánchez-Pérez JA, Barbancho-Fernández MA, García-Casares N, Fuxe K, Borroto-Escuela DO, Narváez M. Long-term enhancements in antidepressant efficacy and neurogenesis: Effects of intranasal co-administration of neuropeptide Y 1 receptor (NPY1R) and galanin receptor 2 (GALR2) agonists in the ventral hippocampus. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23595. [PMID: 38572811 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400087r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluates the sustained antidepressant-like effects and neurogenic potential of a 3-day intranasal co-administration regimen of galanin receptor 2 (GALR2) agonist M1145 and neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor (NPY1R) agonist [Leu31, Pro34]NPY in the ventral hippocampus of adult rats, with outcomes analyzed 3 weeks post-treatment. Utilizing the forced swimming test (FST), we found that this co-administration significantly enhances antidepressant-like behaviors, an effect neutralized by the GALR2 antagonist M871, highlighting the synergistic potential of these neuropeptides in modulating mood-related behaviors. In situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) indicated a significant increase in GALR2/NPYY1R heteroreceptor complexes in the ventral hippocampal dentate gyrus, suggesting a molecular basis for the behavioral outcomes observed. Moreover, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunolabeling revealed increased cell proliferation in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus, specifically in neuroblasts as evidenced by co-labeling with doublecortin (DCX), without affecting quiescent neural progenitors or astrocytes. The study also noted a significant uptick in the number of DCX-positive cells and alterations in dendritic morphology in the ventral hippocampus, indicative of enhanced neuronal differentiation and maturation. These morphological changes highlight the potential of these agonists to facilitate the functional integration of new neurons into existing neural circuits. By demonstrating the long-lasting effects of a brief, 3-day intranasal administration of GALR2 and NPY1R agonists, our findings contribute significantly to the understanding of neuropeptide-mediated neuroplasticity and herald novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of depression and related mood disorders, emphasizing the therapeutic promise of targeting neurogenesis and neuronal maturation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasiel Beltran-Casanueva
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Receptomics and Brain Disorders Lab, Edificio Lopez-Peñalver, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Aracelis Hernández-García
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Receptomics and Brain Disorders Lab, Edificio Lopez-Peñalver, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Docencia e Investigación, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín, Hospital Pedíatrico Universitario Octavio de la Concepción de la Pedraja, Holguín, Cuba
| | - Pedro Jesús Serrano-Castro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Unit of Neurology, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Vithas Málaga, Grupo Hospitalario Vithas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jose Andrés Sánchez-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Unit of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Natalia García-Casares
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dasiel O Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Receptomics and Brain Disorders Lab, Edificio Lopez-Peñalver, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Narváez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Unit of Neurology, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Vithas Málaga, Grupo Hospitalario Vithas, Málaga, Spain
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2
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Borroto-Escuela D, Serrano-Castro P, Sánchez-Pérez JA, Barbancho-Fernández MA, Fuxe K, Narváez M. Enhanced neuronal survival and BDNF elevation via long-term co-activation of galanin 2 (GALR2) and neuropeptide Y1 receptors (NPY1R): potential therapeutic targets for major depressive disorder. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:295-308. [PMID: 38622072 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2342517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and debilitating condition, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies due to the limited efficacy and adverse effects of current treatments. We explored how galanin receptor 2 (GALR2) and Neuropeptide Y1 Receptor (NPYY1R) agonists, working together, can boost brain cell growth and increase antidepressant-like effects in rats. This suggests new ways to treat Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a controlled laboratory setting, adult naive Sprague-Dawley rats were administered directly into the brain's ventricles, a method known as intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration, with GALR2 agonist (M1145), NPYY1R agonist, both, or in combination with a GALR2 antagonist (M871). Main outcome measures included long-term neuronal survival, differentiation, and behavioral. RESULTS Co-administration of M1145 and NPYY1R agonist significantly enhanced neuronal survival and maturation in the ventral dentate gyrus, with a notable increase in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) expression. This neurogenic effect was associated with an antidepressant-like effect, an outcome partially reversed by M871. CONCLUSIONS GALR2 and NPYY1R agonists jointly promote hippocampal neurogenesis and exert antidepressant-like effects in rats without adverse outcomes, highlighting their therapeutic potential for MDD. The study's reliance on an animal model and intracerebroventricular delivery warrants further clinical exploration to confirm these promising results.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy
- Depressive Disorder, Major/physiopathology
- Receptor, Galanin, Type 2/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Rats
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
- Male
- Receptors, Neuropeptide Y/metabolism
- Receptors, Neuropeptide Y/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/metabolism
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology
- Antidepressive Agents/administration & dosage
- Disease Models, Animal
- Peptides
- Receptors, Neuropeptide
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasiel Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Receptomics and Brain Disorders Lab, Edificio Lopez-Peñalver, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Pedro Serrano-Castro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Unit of Neurology, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Vithas Málaga, Vithas Málaga, Grupo Hospitalario Vithas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jose Andrés Sánchez-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Unit of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuel Narváez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Unit of Neurology, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Vithas Málaga, Vithas Málaga, Grupo Hospitalario Vithas, Málaga, Spain
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Arrabal-Gómez C, Serrano-Castro P, Sánchez-Pérez JA, Garcia-Casares N, Fuxe K, Borroto-Escuela D, Narváez M. Potentiation of antidepressant effects: NPY1R agonist and ketamine synergy enhances TrkB signaling and neurogenesis in the ventral hippocampus. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:309-322. [PMID: 38626283 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2342524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) poses a significant challenge to global health, with current treatments often limited by efficacy and onset delays. This study explores the synergistic antidepressant-like effects of an NPY1R agonist and Ketamine, targeting their neurobiological interactions within the ventral hippocampus. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Utilizing a preclinical model, this study administered Neuropeptide Y receptor 1 (NPY1R) agonist and Ketamine, both separately and in combination, through intracerebroventricular (icv) and intranasal (i.n.) routes. The Forced Swimming Test (FST) was employed to assess antidepressant-like activity, while in situ Proximity Ligation Assay and immunohistochemistry were used to examine NPY1R/TrkB heteroreceptor complexes and BDNF expression in the ventral dentate gyrus (DG), along with neurogenesis markers. RESULTS The combined treatment significantly reduced immobility in the FST, indicative of enhanced antidepressant-like effects, correlated with increased formation of NPY1R/TrkB complex and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the ventral DG. These molecular alterations were associated with increased neurogenesis. CONCLUSIONS The coadministration of an NPY1R agonist and Ketamine in a rodent model demonstrated potentiated antidepressant responses through synergistic neurobiological pathways, including TrkB signaling and hippocampal neurogenesis. This indicates a novel therapeutic strategy for MDD, warranting further clinical investigation to fully understand its implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Arrabal-Gómez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Unit of Neurology, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Vithas Málaga, Grupo Hospitalario Vithas, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Pedro Serrano-Castro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Unit of Neurology, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Vithas Málaga, Grupo Hospitalario Vithas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jose Andrés Sánchez-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Unit of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain
| | - Natalia Garcia-Casares
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dasiel Borroto-Escuela
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Receptomics and Brain disorders lab, Edificio Lopez-Peñalver, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Narváez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, NeuronLab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Unit of Neurology, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Vithas Málaga, Grupo Hospitalario Vithas, Málaga, Spain
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Bale R, Doshi G. Cross talk about the role of Neuropeptide Y in CNS disorders and diseases. Neuropeptides 2023; 102:102388. [PMID: 37918268 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
A peptide composed of a 36 amino acid called Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is employed in a variety of physiological processes to manage and treat conditions affecting the endocrine, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and neurological systems. NPY naturally binds to G-protein coupled receptors, activating the Y-receptors (Y1-Y5 and y6). The findings on numerous therapeutic applications of NPY for CNS disease are presented in this review by the authors. New targets for treating diseases will be revealed by medication combinations that target NPY and its receptors. This review is mainly focused on disorders such as anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Machado Joseph disease, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, depression, migraine, alcohol use disorder, and substance use disorder. The findings from the preclinical studies and clinical studies covered in this article may help create efficient therapeutic plans to treat neurological conditions on the one hand and psychiatric disorders on the other. They may also open the door to the creation of novel NPY receptor ligands as medications to treat these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwari Bale
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V L M Road, Vile Parle (w), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Gaurav Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V L M Road, Vile Parle (w), Mumbai 400056, India.
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Podgórski R, Galiniak S, Mazur A, Podgórska D, Domin A. Serum Levels of Hormones Regulating Appetite in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Nutrients 2023; 15:4215. [PMID: 37836499 PMCID: PMC10574197 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure is the cause of impaired growth and a wide range of developmental and behavioral disorders in the child. Improper eating patterns are commonly associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and may contribute to poor nutrition and growth restriction. To date, there have been only a few studies investigating the hormonal regulation of appetite in patients with FASD. We analyzed the levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY), Agouti signaling protein (ASP), alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), and kisspeptin (KISS1) in 57 patients with FASD and 23 healthy controls. A comparison of the hormone levels studied was also performed in subgroups of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (ND PAE), as well as in males and females. We have found no differences in hormone levels tested between affected individuals and the controls and between FASD subgroups. In addition, sex had no effect on hormone levels. However, we identified some associations between hormone concentrations and parameters describing the clinical status of patients with FASD. Most of them concerned ASP, which has shown a positive correlation with age and hormones involved in appetite and metabolism, such as proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). We have also found a negative correlation of α-MSH with age, BMI percentile, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Furthermore, we found a weak negative correlation of NPY with HbA1c. Although FASD has been associated with impaired child growth and development, including nutrition and puberty onset, we did not identify differences in the levels of the hormones studied, which may suggest that prenatal alcohol exposure does not affect the levels of these metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Podgórski
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Sabina Galiniak
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Artur Mazur
- Department of Pediatric, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Dominika Podgórska
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Domin
- Department of Pediatric, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.M.); (A.D.)
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Raghanti MA, Miller EN, Jones DN, Smith HN, Munger EL, Edler MK, Phillips KA, Hopkins WD, Hof PR, Sherwood CC, Lovejoy CO. Hedonic eating, obesity, and addiction result from increased neuropeptide Y in the nucleus accumbens during human brain evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2311118120. [PMID: 37695892 PMCID: PMC10515152 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311118120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is central to motivation and action, exhibiting one of the highest densities of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the brain. Within the NAc, NPY plays a role in reward and is involved in emotional behavior and in increasing alcohol and drug addiction and fat intake. Here, we examined NPY innervation and neurons of the NAc in humans and other anthropoid primates in order to determine whether there are differences among these various species that would correspond to behavioral or life history variables. We quantified NPY-immunoreactive axons and neurons in the NAc of 13 primate species, including humans, great apes, and monkeys. Our data show that the human brain is unique among primates in having denser NPY innervation within the NAc, as measured by axon length density to neuron density, even after accounting for brain size. Combined with our previous finding of increased dopaminergic innervation in the same region, our results suggest that the neurochemical profile of the human NAc appears to have rendered our species uniquely susceptible to neurophysiological conditions such as addiction. The increase in NPY specific to the NAc may represent an adaptation that favors fat intake and contributes to an increased vulnerability to eating disorders, obesity, as well as alcohol and drug dependence. Along with our findings for dopamine, these deeply rooted structural attributes of the human brain are likely to have emerged early in the human clade, laying the groundwork for later brain expansion and the development of cognitive and behavioral specializations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ann Raghanti
- Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
| | - Elaine N. Miller
- Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC20052
- Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC20052
| | - Danielle N. Jones
- Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
| | - Heather N. Smith
- Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
| | - Emily L. Munger
- Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
| | - Melissa K. Edler
- Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
| | - Kimberley A. Phillips
- Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX78212
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX78245
| | - William D. Hopkins
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX78602
| | - Patrick R. Hof
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029
| | - Chet C. Sherwood
- Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC20052
- Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC20052
| | - C. Owen Lovejoy
- Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH44242
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Rodríguez FD, Sánchez ML, Coveñas R. Neurotensin and Alcohol Use Disorders: Towards a Pharmacological Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108656. [PMID: 37240004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Harmful alcohol use is responsible for a group of disorders collectively named alcohol use disorders (AUDs), according to the DSM-5 classification. The damage induced by alcohol depends on the amount, time, and consumption patterns (continuous and heavy episodic drinking). It affects individual global well-being and social and familial environments with variable impact. Alcohol addiction manifests with different degrees of organ and mental health detriment for the individual, exhibiting two main traits: compulsive drinking and negative emotional states occurring at withdrawal, frequently causing relapse episodes. Numerous individual and living conditions, including the concomitant use of other psychoactive substances, lie in the complexity of AUD. Ethanol and its metabolites directly impact the tissues and may cause local damage or alter the homeostasis of brain neurotransmission, immunity scaffolding, or cell repair biochemical pathways. Brain modulator and neurotransmitter-assembled neurocircuitries govern reward, reinforcement, social interaction, and consumption of alcohol behaviors in an intertwined manner. Experimental evidence supports the participation of neurotensin (NT) in preclinical models of alcohol addiction. For example, NT neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala projecting to the parabrachial nucleus strengthen alcohol consumption and preference. In addition, the levels of NT in the frontal cortex were found to be lower in rats bred to prefer alcohol to water in a free alcohol-water choice compared to wild-type animals. NT receptors 1 and 2 seem to be involved in alcohol consumption and alcohol effects in several models of knockout mice. This review aims to present an updated picture of the role of NT systems in alcohol addiction and the possible use of nonpeptide ligands modulating the activity of the NT system, applied to experimental animal models of harmful drinking behavior mimicking alcohol addiction leading to health ruin in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco D Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Group GIR-USAL: BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Lisardo Sánchez
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, C/Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rafael Coveñas
- Group GIR-USAL: BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, C/Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Rahman MM, Islam MR, Supti FA, Dhar PS, Shohag S, Ferdous J, Shuvo SK, Akter A, Hossain MS, Sharma R. Exploring the Therapeutic Effect of Neurotrophins and Neuropeptides in Neurodegenerative Diseases: at a Glance. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03328-5. [PMID: 37052791 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins and neuropeptides are the essential regulators of peripheral nociceptive nerves that help to induce, sensitize, and maintain pain. Neuropeptide has a neuroprotective impact as it increases trophic support, regulates calcium homeostasis, and reduces excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation. In contrast, neurotrophins target neurons afflicted by ischemia, epilepsy, depression, and eating disorders, among other neuropsychiatric conditions. Neurotrophins are reported to inhibit neuronal death. Strategies maintained for "brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) therapies" are to upregulate BDNF levels using the delivery of protein and genes or compounds that target BDNF production and boosting BDNF signals by expanding with BDNF mimetics. This review discusses the mechanisms of neurotrophins and neuropeptides against acute neural damage as well as highlighting neuropeptides as a potential therapeutic agent against Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), the signaling pathways affected by neurotrophins and their receptors in both standard and diseased CNS systems, and future perspectives that can lead to the potent application of neurotrophins and neuropeptides in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Fatema Akter Supti
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Puja Sutro Dhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Shohag
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Earth and Ocean Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Maritime University, Mirpur 12, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Ferdous
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Shakil Khan Shuvo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Aklima Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sarowar Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Schurman CA, Burton JB, Rose J, Ellerby LM, Alliston T, Schilling B. Molecular and Cellular Crosstalk between Bone and Brain: Accessing Bidirectional Neural and Musculoskeletal Signaling during Aging and Disease. J Bone Metab 2023; 30:1-29. [PMID: 36950837 PMCID: PMC10036181 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2023.30.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular omics technologies, including proteomics, have enabled the elucidation of key signaling pathways that mediate bidirectional communication between the brain and bone tissues. Here we provide a brief summary of the clinical and molecular evidence of the need to study the bone-brain axis of cross-tissue cellular communication. Clear clinical and molecular evidence suggests biological interactions and similarities between bone and brain cells. Here we review the current mass spectrometric techniques for studying brain and bone diseases with an emphasis on neurodegenerative diseases and osteoarthritis/osteoporosis, respectively. Further study of the bone-brain axis on a molecular level and evaluation of the role of proteins, neuropeptides, osteokines, and hormones in molecular pathways linked to bone and brain diseases is critically needed. The use of mass spectrometry and other omics technologies to analyze these cross-tissue signaling events and interactions will help us better understand disease progression and comorbidities and potentially identify new pathways and targets for therapeutic interventions. Proteomic measurements are particularly favorable for investigating the role of signaling and secreted and circulating analytes and identifying molecular and metabolic pathways implicated in age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jacob Rose
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA,
USA
| | | | - Tamara Alliston
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA,
USA
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10
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Zanta NC, Assad N, Suchecki D. Neurobiological mechanisms involved in maternal deprivation-induced behaviours relevant to psychiatric disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1099284. [PMID: 37122626 PMCID: PMC10133561 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1099284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Parental care is essential for proper development of stress response and emotion-related behaviours. Epidemiological studies show that parental loss in childhood represents a major risk factor for the development of mental disorders throughout the lifespan, including schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety. In most mammalian species, the mother is the main source of care and maternal behaviours regulate several physiological systems. Maternal deprivation (DEP) for 24 h is a paradigm widely used to disinhibit the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to stress during the stress hyporesponsive period. In this mini-review we will highlight the main DEP-induced neurobiological and behavioural outcomes, including alterations on stress-related hormones, neurogenesis, neurotransmitter/neuromodulatory systems and neuroinflammation. These neurobiological changes may be reflected by aberrant behaviours, which are relevant to the study of mental disorders. The evidence indicates that DEP consequences depend on the sex, the age when the DEP takes place and the age when the animals are evaluated, reflecting dynamic plasticity and individual variability. Individual variability and sex differences have a great relevance for the study of biological factors of stress resilience and vulnerability and the DEP paradigm is a suitable model for evaluation of phenotypes of stress- and emotion-related psychopathologies.
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11
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Fish KN, Joffe ME. Targeting prefrontal cortex GABAergic microcircuits for the treatment of alcohol use disorder. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2022; 14:936911. [PMID: 36105666 PMCID: PMC9465392 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2022.936911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing novel treatments for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) is of paramount importance for improving patient outcomes and alleviating the suffering related to the disease. A better understanding of the molecular and neurocircuit mechanisms through which alcohol alters brain function will be instrumental in the rational development of new efficacious treatments. Clinical studies have consistently associated the prefrontal cortex (PFC) function with symptoms of AUDs. Population-level analyses have linked the PFC structure and function with heavy drinking and/or AUD diagnosis. Thus, targeting specific PFC cell types and neural circuits holds promise for the development of new treatments. Here, we overview the tremendous diversity in the form and function of inhibitory neuron subtypes within PFC and describe their therapeutic potential. We then summarize AUD population genetics studies, clinical neurophysiology findings, and translational neuroscience discoveries. This study collectively suggests that changes in fast transmission through PFC inhibitory microcircuits are a central component of the neurobiological effects of ethanol and the core symptoms of AUDs. Finally, we submit that there is a significant and timely need to examine sex as a biological variable and human postmortem brain tissue to maximize the efforts in translating findings to new clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Max E. Joffe
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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12
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Casello SM, Flores RJ, Yarur HE, Wang H, Awanyai M, Arenivar MA, Jaime-Lara RB, Bravo-Rivera H, Tejeda HA. Neuropeptide System Regulation of Prefrontal Cortex Circuitry: Implications for Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:796443. [PMID: 35800635 PMCID: PMC9255232 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.796443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides, a diverse class of signaling molecules in the nervous system, modulate various biological effects including membrane excitability, synaptic transmission and synaptogenesis, gene expression, and glial cell architecture and function. To date, most of what is known about neuropeptide action is limited to subcortical brain structures and tissue outside of the central nervous system. Thus, there is a knowledge gap in our understanding of neuropeptide function within cortical circuits. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of various families of neuropeptides and their cognate receptors that are expressed in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Specifically, we highlight dynorphin, enkephalin, corticotropin-releasing factor, cholecystokinin, somatostatin, neuropeptide Y, and vasoactive intestinal peptide. Further, we review the implication of neuropeptide signaling in prefrontal cortical circuit function and use as potential therapeutic targets. Together, this review summarizes established knowledge and highlights unknowns of neuropeptide modulation of neural function underlying various biological effects while offering insights for future research. An increased emphasis in this area of study is necessary to elucidate basic principles of the diverse signaling molecules used in cortical circuits beyond fast excitatory and inhibitory transmitters as well as consider components of neuropeptide action in the PFC as a potential therapeutic target for neurological disorders. Therefore, this review not only sheds light on the importance of cortical neuropeptide studies, but also provides a comprehensive overview of neuropeptide action in the PFC to serve as a roadmap for future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M. Casello
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rodolfo J. Flores
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hector E. Yarur
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Huikun Wang
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Monique Awanyai
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Miguel A. Arenivar
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rosario B. Jaime-Lara
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hector Bravo-Rivera
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hugo A. Tejeda
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Hugo A. Tejeda,
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13
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Sirtuins and neuropeptide y downregulation in Flinders Sensitive Line rat model of depression. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2022; 34:86-92. [PMID: 34666848 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2021.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Since the NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and sirtuin-2 (SIRT2) are critically involved in epigenetics, endocrinology and immunology and affect the longevity in model organisms, we investigated their expression in brains of 3-month-old and 14-15 months old rat model of depression Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) and control Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rats. In view of the dysregulated NPY system in depression, we also studied NPY in young and old FSL to explore the temporal trajectory of depressive-like-ageing interaction. Sirt1, Sirt2 and Npy mRNA were determined using qRT-PCR in prefrontal cortex (PFC) from young and old FSL and FRL, and in hippocampi from young FSL and FRL. PFC: Sirt1 expression was decreased in FSL (p = 0.001). An interaction between age and genotype was found (p = 0.032); young FSL had lower Sirt1 with respect to both age (p = 0.026) and genotype (p = 0.001). Sirt2 was lower in FSL (p = 0.003). Npy mRNA was downregulated in FSL (p = 0.001) but did not differ between the young and old rat groups. Hippocampus: Sirt1 was reduced in young FSL compared to young FRL (p = 0.005). There was no difference in Sirt2 between FSL and FRL. Npy levels were decreased in hippocampus of young FSL compared to young FRL (p = 0.003). Effects of ageing could not be investigated due to loss of samples. To conclude, i this is the first demonstration that SIRT1 and SIRT2 are changed in brain of FSL, a rat model of depression; ii the changes are age-dependent; iii sirtuins are potential targets for treatment of age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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14
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Carboni L, El Khoury A, Beiderbeck DI, Neumann ID, Mathé AA. Neuropeptide Y, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and neurokinin A in brain regions of HAB rats correlate with anxiety-like behaviours. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 57:1-14. [PMID: 35008014 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are pervasive psychiatric disorders causing great suffering. The high (HAB) and low (LAB) anxiety-related behaviour rats were selectively bred to investigate neurobiological correlates of anxiety. We compared the level of neuropeptides relevant for anxiety- and depression-related behaviours in selected brain regions of HAB and LAB rats. Increased anxiety and depression-like behaviours of male and female HAB rats in the elevated plus-maze and forced swim tests were accompanied by elevated levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the prefrontal (PFC), frontal (FC) and cingulate cortex (CCx), the striatum, and periaqueductal grey (PAG). Moreover, HAB rats displayed sex-dependent, elevated levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in PFC, FC, CCx, hippocampus, and PAG. Higher neurokinin A (NKA) levels were detected in CCx, striatum, and PAG in HAB males and in CCx and hypothalamus in HAB females. Increased neurotensin was detected in CCx and PAG in HAB males and in hypothalamus in HAB females. Elevated corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) levels appeared in female HAB hypothalamus. Significant correlations were found between anxiety-like behaviour and NPY, CGRP, NKA, and neurotensin, particularly with NPY in CCx and striatum, CGRP in FC and hippocampus, and NKA in entorhinal cortex. This is the first report of NPY, CGRP, NKA, Neurotensin, and CRH measurements in brain regions of HAB and LAB rats, which showed widespread NPY and CGRP alterations in cortical regions, with NKA and neurotensin changes localised in sub-cortical areas. The results may contribute to elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms underlying anxiety and depression and should facilitate identifying novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Carboni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Aram El Khoury
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniela I Beiderbeck
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Inga D Neumann
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aleksander A Mathé
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Colon-Perez L, Montesinos J, Monsivais M. The Future of Neuroimaging and Gut-Brain Axis Research for Substance Use Disorders. Brain Res 2022; 1781:147835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Denny RR, Connelly KL, Ghilotti MG, Meissler JJ, Yu D, Eisenstein TK, Unterwald EM. Artificial Intelligence Identified Resilient and Vulnerable Female Rats After Traumatic Stress and Ethanol Exposure: Investigation of Neuropeptide Y Pathway Regulation. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:772946. [PMID: 34975380 PMCID: PMC8716605 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.772946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is initiated by traumatic-stress exposure and manifests into a collection of symptoms including increased anxiety, sleep disturbances, enhanced response to triggers, and increased sympathetic nervous system arousal. PTSD is highly co-occurring with alcohol use disorder. Only some individuals experiencing traumatic stress develop PTSD and a subset of individuals with PTSD develop co-occurring alcohol use disorder. To investigate the basis of these individual responses to traumatic stress, single prolonged stress (SPS) a rodent model of traumatic stress was applied to young adult female rats. Individual responses to SPS were characterized by measuring anxiety-like behaviors with open field and elevated plus maze tests. Rats were then allowed to drink ethanol under an intermittent two bottle choice procedure for 8 weeks, and ethanol consumption was measured. An artificial intelligence algorithm was built to predict resilient and vulnerable individuals based on data from anxiety testing and ethanol consumption. This model was implemented in a second cohort of rats that underwent SPS without ethanol drinking to identify resilient and vulnerable individuals for further study. Analysis of neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels and expression of its receptors Y1R and Y2R mRNA in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), basolateral amygdala (BLA), and bed nucleus stria terminalis (BNST) were performed. Results demonstrate that resilient rats had higher expression of Y2R mRNA in the CeA compared with vulnerable and control rats and had higher levels of NPY protein in the BNST compared to controls. The results of the study show that an artificial intelligence algorithm can identify individual differences in response to traumatic stress which can be used to predict subsequent ethanol drinking, and the NPY pathway is differentially altered following traumatic stress exposure in resilient and vulnerable populations. Understanding neurochemical alterations following traumatic-stress exposure is critical in developing prevention strategies for the vulnerable phenotype and will help further development of novel therapeutic approaches for individuals suffering from PTSD and at risk for alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray R. Denny
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Krista L. Connelly
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Marco G. Ghilotti
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joseph J. Meissler
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Daohai Yu
- Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Education and Data Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Toby K. Eisenstein
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ellen M. Unterwald
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Ellen M. Unterwald,
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17
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Santos DS, Stein DJ, Medeiros HR, Dos Santos Pereira F, de Macedo IC, Fregni F, Caumo W, Torres ILS. Transcranial direct current stimulation alters anxious-like behavior and neural parameters in rats with chronic pain exposed to alcohol. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 144:369-377. [PMID: 34735841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on anxiety-like behavior and neural parameters in rats with chronic pain exposed to alcohol. Thirty-six adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control (CT), neuropathic pain (NP), NPtDCS, NP + alcohol (NPAL), or NPALtDCS groups, subjected to sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) and exposed to alcohol (20% v/v solution, 4 g/kg) or vehicle by gavage for 15 days. Afterward, rats were treated using bimodal tDCS (0.5 mA/20 min/8 days) and tested in the open field. Rats were killed 24 h after the last behavioral assessment, and brain and spinal cord tissue samples were collected and processed for NPY immunohistochemistry, expression of Il1a and Il1b in the spinal cord, cerebellum, and hippocampus, and levels of IL-1α and IL-1β in the same brain structures and the striatum. tDCS reverted the anxiety-like behavior induced by CCI and alcohol, and the increased expression of Il1a in the spinal cord induced by alcohol, which increased the expression of Il1b in the cerebellum. In addition, tDCS modulated the hypothalamic NPY-immunoreactivity, increased the levels of IL-1α in the hippocampus (like NP and AL), and increased the expression of Il1b in the spinal cord (like AL). Thus, this study shows that tDCS changes NP and alcohol-induced anxiety-like behavior, possibly through its central modulatory effect of NPY and spinal cord expression of Il1a and Il1b, being considered a treatment option for alcohol and NP-induced anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Silva Santos
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Dirson João Stein
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helouise Richardt Medeiros
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Dos Santos Pereira
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil
| | - Isabel Cristina de Macedo
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wolnei Caumo
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Iraci L S Torres
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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18
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Birdogan A, Salur E, Tuzcu F, Gokmen RC, Ozturk Bintepe M, Aypar B, Keser A, Balkan B, Koylu EO, Kanit L, Gozen O. Chronic oral nicotine administration and withdrawal regulate the expression of neuropeptide Y and its receptors in the mesocorticolimbic system. Neuropeptides 2021; 90:102184. [PMID: 34425507 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2021.102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its receptors are involved in the regulation of mood, stress, and anxiety. In parallel, NPY signaling may play a vital role in the negative affective state induced by drug withdrawal. This study examined the changes in the transcript levels of NPY, Y1, Y2, and Y5 receptors in the mesocorticolimbic system during chronic nicotine exposure and withdrawal. Rats were administered with nicotine (initial dose: 25 μg/ml, maintenance dose: 50 μg/ml, free base) in drinking water for 12 weeks. Control group received only tap water. In the final week of the study, some of the nicotine-treated animals continued to receive nicotine (0-W), whereas some were withdrawn for either 24 (24-W) or 48 (48-W) h. All animals were decapitated after the evaluation of somatic signs (frequency of gasps, eye blinks, ptosis, shakes, teeth chatter) and the duration of locomotor activity and immobility. mRNA levels of NPY, Y1, Y2, and Y5 receptors in the mesocorticolimbic system were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results showed that nicotine withdrawal increased overall somatic signs. Moreover, chronic nicotine treatment increased the duration of locomotor activity, whereas withdrawal increased the duration of immobility. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that chronic nicotine treatment increased NPY mRNA levels in the hippocampus. On the other hand, 24- and 48-h withdrawals increased NPY mRNA levels in the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), Y1 and Y2 mRNA levels in the nucleus accumbens and mPFC, and Y5 mRNA levels in the mPFC. These findings suggest that nicotine withdrawal enhances NPY signaling in the mesocorticolimbic system, which could be an important mechanism involved in regulating the negative affective state triggered during nicotine withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Birdogan
- Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Salur
- Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fulya Tuzcu
- Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ramazan C Gokmen
- Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Buket Aypar
- Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Keser
- Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Center for Brain Research, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Balkan
- Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Center for Brain Research, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ersin O Koylu
- Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Center for Brain Research, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Lutfiye Kanit
- Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Center for Brain Research, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Oguz Gozen
- Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Center for Brain Research, Izmir, Turkey.
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19
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Hime GR, Stonehouse SLA, Pang TY. Alternative models for transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: Molecular psychiatry beyond mice and man. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:711-735. [PMID: 34733638 PMCID: PMC8546770 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i10.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental illness remains the greatest chronic health burden globally with few in-roads having been made despite significant advances in genomic knowledge in recent decades. The field of psychiatry is constantly challenged to bring new approaches and tools to address and treat the needs of vulnerable individuals and subpopulations, and that has to be supported by a continuous growth in knowledge. The majority of neuropsychiatric symptoms reflect complex gene-environment interactions, with epigenetics bridging the gap between genetic susceptibility and environmental stressors that trigger disease onset and drive the advancement of symptoms. It has more recently been demonstrated in preclinical models that epigenetics underpins the transgenerational inheritance of stress-related behavioural phenotypes in both paternal and maternal lineages, providing further supporting evidence for heritability in humans. However, unbiased prospective studies of this nature are practically impossible to conduct in humans so preclinical models remain our best option for researching the molecular pathophysiologies underlying many neuropsychiatric conditions. While rodents will remain the dominant model system for preclinical studies (especially for addressing complex behavioural phenotypes), there is scope to expand current research of the molecular and epigenetic pathologies by using invertebrate models. Here, we will discuss the utility and advantages of two alternative model organisms–Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster–and summarise the compelling insights of the epigenetic regulation of transgenerational inheritance that are potentially relevant to human psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary R Hime
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Sophie LA Stonehouse
- Mental Health Theme, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Terence Y Pang
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia
- Mental Health Theme, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia
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20
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Zhang Y, Liu CY, Chen WC, Shi YC, Wang CM, Lin S, He HF. Regulation of neuropeptide Y in body microenvironments and its potential application in therapies: a review. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:151. [PMID: 34344469 PMCID: PMC8330085 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY), one of the most abundant neuropeptides in the body, is widely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and acts on the cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine, and nervous systems. NPY affects the nutritional and inflammatory microenvironments through its interaction with immune cells, brain-derived trophic factor (BDNF), and angiogenesis promotion to maintain body homeostasis. Additionally, NPY has great potential for therapeutic applications against various diseases, especially as an adjuvant therapy for stem cells. In this review, we discuss the research progress regarding NPY, as well as the current evidence for the regulation of NPY in each microenvironment, and provide prospects for further research on related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Chu-Yun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Wei-Can Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yan-Chuan Shi
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Cong-Mei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China. .,Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia. .,Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - He-Fan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
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21
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Shi Z, Bonillas AC, Wong J, Padilla SL, Brooks VL. Neuropeptide Y suppresses thermogenic and cardiovascular sympathetic nerve activity via Y1 receptors in the paraventricular nucleus and dorsomedial hypothalamus. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e13006. [PMID: 34235800 PMCID: PMC8653878 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In hungry animals, neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurones in the arcuate nucleus (ArcN) are activated to suppress energy expenditure, in part by decreasing brown adipose tissue sympathetic nerve activity (BAT SNA); however, the NPY receptor subtype and brain neurocircuitry are unclear. In the present study, we investigated the inhibition of BAT SNA by exogenous and endogenous NPY via binding to Y1 receptors (NPY1R) in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), in anaesthetised male rats. Downstream projections of PVN/DMH NPY1R-expressing neurones were identified using male Npy1r-cre mice and localised unilateral DMH or PVN injections of an adeno-associated virus, which allows for the cre-dependent expression of a fluorescent protein (mCherry) in the cell bodies, axon fibres and nerve terminals of NPY1R-containing neurones. Nanoinjections of NPY into the DMH of cooled rats decreased BAT SNA, as well as mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR), and these responses were reversed by subsequent injection of the selective NPY1R antagonist, BIBO3304. In warmed rats, with little to no BAT SNA, bilateral nanoinjections of BIBO3304 into the DMH or PVN increased BAT SNA, MAP and HR. DMH NPY1R-expressing neurones projected heavily to the raphe pallidus (RPa), which houses BAT presympathetic neurones, as well as the PVN. In anaesthetised mice, DMH BIBO3304 increased splanchnic SNA, MAP and HR, all of which were reversed by nonselective blockade of the PVN with muscimol, suggesting that DMH-to-PVN connections are involved in this DMH BIBO3304 disinhibition. PVN Y1R expressing neurones also projected to the RPa, as well as to the nucleus tractus solitarius. We conclude that NPY tonically released in the DMH and PVN suppresses BAT SNA, MAP and HR via Y1R. Downstream neuropathways for BAT SNA may utilise direct projections to the RPa. Release of tonic NPY inhibition of BAT SNA may contribute to feeding- and diet-induced thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Shi
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon
Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239
| | - Alyssa C. Bonillas
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon
Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239
| | - Jennifer Wong
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon
Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239
| | - Stephanie L. Padilla
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts,
Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA 01003
| | - Virginia L. Brooks
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon
Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA 97239
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22
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Tanaka M, Yamada S, Watanabe Y. The Role of Neuropeptide Y in the Nucleus Accumbens. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147287. [PMID: 34298907 PMCID: PMC8307209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY), an abundant peptide in the central nervous system, is expressed in neurons of various regions throughout the brain. The physiological and behavioral effects of NPY are mainly mediated through Y1, Y2, and Y5 receptor subtypes, which are expressed in regions regulating food intake, fear and anxiety, learning and memory, depression, and posttraumatic stress. In particular, the nucleus accumbens (NAc) has one of the highest NPY concentrations in the brain. In this review, we summarize the role of NPY in the NAc. NPY is expressed principally in medium-sized aspiny neurons, and numerous NPY immunoreactive fibers are observed in the NAc. Alterations in NPY expression under certain conditions through intra-NAc injections of NPY or receptor agonists/antagonists revealed NPY to be involved in the characteristic functions of the NAc, such as alcohol intake and drug addiction. In addition, control of mesolimbic dopaminergic release via NPY receptors may take part in these functions. NPY in the NAc also participates in fat intake and emotional behavior. Accumbal NPY neurons and fibers may exert physiological and pathophysiological actions partly through neuroendocrine mechanisms and the autonomic nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamikyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-75-251-5300
| | - Shunji Yamada
- Department of Anatomy, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamikyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan;
| | - Yoshihisa Watanabe
- Department of Basic Geriatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamikyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan;
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23
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Santos DS, Medeiros LF, Stein DJ, De Macedo IC, Da Silva Rios DE, De Oliveira C, Toledo RS, Fregni F, Caumo W, Torres ILS. Bimodal transcranial direct current stimulation reduces alcohol consumption and induces long-term neurochemical changes in rats with neuropathic pain. Neurosci Lett 2021; 759:136014. [PMID: 34111512 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of repeated bimodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on alcohol consumption and immunohistological and neurochemical parameters in nerve-injured rats. Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were distributed into six groups: control, neuropathic pain (NP) + sham-tDCS, NP + alcohol + sham-tDCS, alcohol + sham-tDCS, alcohol + tDCS, and NP + alcohol + tDCS. NP is induced by chronic sciatic nerve constriction (CCI). The rats were exposed to a 10% alcohol solution by voluntary consumption for 14 days. From the 16th day after surgery, bimodal tDCS was applied for 20 min/day for 8 days. Brain structures were collected to evaluate the number of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-positive neurons, neurites, and argyrophilic grains by immunohistochemistry, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 by ELISA. Nerve-injured rats showed a progressive increase in alcohol consumption compared to the non-injured rats. In addition, there was a reduction in voluntary alcohol consumption over time induced by tDCS. Alcohol exposure, chronic pain, and tDCS treatment modulated the central NPY immunoreactivity. tDCS increased the cerebellar levels of IL-6 and IL-10, and CCI and/or tDCS reduced striatal BDNF levels. The current data suggest that tDCS could be a promising non-pharmacological adjuvant to treat patients with chronic pain who use alcohol to relieve their symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Silva Santos
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit and Graduate Research Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liciane Fernandes Medeiros
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health and Human Development, Universidade La Salle, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Dirson João Stein
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit and Graduate Research Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Isabel Cristina De Macedo
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit and Graduate Research Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Evandro Da Silva Rios
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit and Graduate Research Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla De Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit and Graduate Research Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberta Ströher Toledo
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit and Graduate Research Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Laboratoryof Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wolnei Caumo
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Iraci L S Torres
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Investigations - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratoryof Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
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Strzelecki D, Kotlicka-Antczak M, Kaczmarek B, Jerczyńska H, Wysokiński A. Serum levels of neuropeptide Y in patients with chronic schizophrenia during treatment augmentation with sarcosine (results of the double-blind randomized controlled PULSAR study). Hum Psychopharmacol 2021; 36:e2770. [PMID: 33245168 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission in schizophrenia by sarcosine leads to a reduction in primary negative symptoms, while its metabolic profile is safe. In order to extend research in the area, we assessed serum levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY), a hypothalamic hormone related to anxiety and depression, also involved in mechanisms inducing weight gain. Additionally, we analyzed associations between NPY concentrations and its changes with severity of symptoms and metabolic parameters. METHODS A prospective 6-month, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial was completed by 57 subjects with chronic schizophrenia with predominant negative symptoms and stable antipsychotic treatment. The participants received 2 g of sarcosine (n = 28) or placebo (n = 29) daily. We assessed serum NPY concentrations and severity of symptoms (with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale [PANSS] and Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia) at the beginning of the study, after 6 weeks and 6 months. RESULTS Sarcosine did not affect NPY levels in all time points. The highest decrease in NPY concentrations was observed in the subjects who were initially depressed, who became euthymic at the last visit. We noticed an improvement in the total PANSS score, and negative symptom and general psychopathology subscales in the sarcosine group, however, without any correlation with NPY levels. CONCLUSION The use of sarcosine does not change NPY levels. Peripheral NPY concentrations may be related to depressive symptoms in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Strzelecki
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Bartosz Kaczmarek
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Hanna Jerczyńska
- Central Scientific Laboratory (CoreLab), Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Adam Wysokiński
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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25
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Čater M, Majdič G. How early maternal deprivation changes the brain and behavior? Eur J Neurosci 2021; 55:2058-2075. [PMID: 33870558 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Early life stress can adversely influence brain development and reprogram brain function and consequently behavior in adult life. Adequate maternal care in early childhood is therefore particularly important for the normal brain development, and adverse early life experiences can lead to altered emotional, behavioral, and neuroendocrine stress responses in the adulthood. As a form of neonatal stress, maternal deprivation/separation is often used in behavioral studies to examine the effects of early life stress and for modeling the development of certain psychiatric disorders and brain pathologies in animal models. The temporary loss of maternal care during the critical postpartum periods remodels the offspring's brain and provokes long-term effects on learning and cognition, the development of mental disorders, aggression, and an increased tendency for the drug abuse. Early life stress through maternal deprivation affects neuroendocrine responses to stress in adolescence and adulthood by dysregulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and permanently disrupts stress resilience. In this review, we focused on how improper maternal care during early postnatal life affects brain development resulting in modified behavior later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Čater
- Veterinary Faculty, Laboratory for Animal Genomics, Institute for Preclinical Studies, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Majdič
- Veterinary Faculty, Laboratory for Animal Genomics, Institute for Preclinical Studies, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
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26
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Gershkovich MM, Groß VE, Vu O, Schoeder CT, Meiler J, Prömel S, Kaiser A. Structural Perspective on Ancient Neuropeptide Y-like System reveals Hallmark Features for Peptide Recognition and Receptor Activation. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:166992. [PMID: 33865871 PMCID: PMC8380825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.166992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide Y (NPY) family is a peptide-activated G protein-coupled receptor system conserved across all bilaterians, and is involved in food intake, learning, and behavior. We hypothesized that comparing the NPY system in evolutionarily ancient organisms can reveal structural determinants of peptide recognition and receptor activation conserved in evolution. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the homologous FLP/NPR system of the protostome C.elegans. For three prototypic peptide-receptor complexes representing different ligand types, we integrate extensive functional data into structural models of the receptors. Common features include acidic patches in the extracellular loops (ECLs) of the receptors that cooperatively 'draw' the peptide into the binding pocket, which was functionally validated in vivo. A structurally conserved glutamate in the ECL2 anchors the peptides by a conserved salt bridge to the arginine of the RFamide motif. Beyond this conserved interaction, peptide binding show variability enabled by receptor-specific interactions. The family-conserved residue Q3.32 is a key player for peptide binding and receptor activation. Altered interaction patterns at Q3.32 may drastically increase the efficacy to activate the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miron Mikhailowitsch Gershkovich
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Chemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, 465 21st Ave South, BIOSCI/MRBIII, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Victoria Elisabeth Groß
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oanh Vu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, 465 21st Ave South, BIOSCI/MRBIII, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Clara Tabea Schoeder
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, 465 21st Ave South, BIOSCI/MRBIII, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Institute for Drug Discovery, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, 465 21st Ave South, BIOSCI/MRBIII, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Institute for Drug Discovery, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Simone Prömel
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anette Kaiser
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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27
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GABAergic deficits in absence of LPA 1 receptor, associated anxiety-like and coping behaviors, and amelioration by interneuron precursor transplants into the dorsal hippocampus. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:1479-1495. [PMID: 33792787 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Defects in GABAergic function can cause anxiety- and depression-like behaviors among other neuropsychiatric disorders. Therapeutic strategies using the transplantation of GABAergic interneuron progenitors derived from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) into the adult hippocampus reversed the symptomatology in multiple rodent models of interneuron-related pathologies. In turn, the lysophosphatidic acid receptor LPA1 has been reported to be essential for hippocampal function. Converging evidence suggests that deficits in LPA1 receptor signaling represent a core feature underlying comparable hippocampal dysfunction and behaviors manifested in common neuropsychiatric conditions. Here, we first analyzed the GABAergic interneurons in the hippocampus of wild-type and maLPA1-null mice, lacking the LPA1 receptor. Our data revealed a reduction in the number of neurons expressing GABA, calcium-binding proteins, and neuropeptides such as somatostatin and neuropeptide Y in the hippocampus of maLPA1-null mice. Then, we used interneuron precursor transplants to test links between hippocampal GABAergic interneuron deficit, cell-based therapy, and LPA1 receptor-dependent psychiatric disease-like phenotypes. For this purpose, we transplanted MGE-derived interneuron precursors into the adult hippocampus of maLPA1-null mice, to test their effects on GABAergic deficit and behavioral symptoms associated with the absence of the LPA1 receptor. Transplant studies in maLPA1-null mice showed that grafted cells were able to restore the hippocampal host environment, decrease the anxiety-like behaviors and neutralize passive coping, with no abnormal effects on motor activity. Furthermore, grafted MGE-derived cells maintained their normal differentiation program. These findings reinforce the use of cell-based strategies for brain disorders and suggest that the LPA1 receptor represents a potential target for interneuron-related neuropsychiatric disorders.
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28
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Sadanandappa MK, Sathyanarayana SH, Kondo S, Bosco G. Neuropeptide F signaling regulates parasitoid-specific germline development and egg-laying in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009456. [PMID: 33770070 PMCID: PMC8026082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drosophila larvae and pupae are at high risk of parasitoid infection in nature. To circumvent parasitic stress, fruit flies have developed various survival strategies, including cellular and behavioral defenses. We show that adult Drosophila females exposed to the parasitic wasps, Leptopilina boulardi, decrease their total egg-lay by deploying at least two strategies: Retention of fully developed follicles reduces the number of eggs laid, while induction of caspase-mediated apoptosis eliminates the vitellogenic follicles. These reproductive defense strategies require both visual and olfactory cues, but not the MB247-positive mushroom body neuronal function, suggesting a novel mode of sensory integration mediates reduced egg-laying in the presence of a parasitoid. We further show that neuropeptide F (NPF) signaling is necessary for both retaining matured follicles and activating apoptosis in vitellogenic follicles. Whereas previous studies have found that gut-derived NPF controls germ stem cell proliferation, we show that sensory-induced changes in germ cell development specifically require brain-derived NPF signaling, which recruits a subset of NPFR-expressing cell-types that control follicle development and retention. Importantly, we found that reduced egg-lay behavior is specific to parasitic wasps that infect the developing Drosophila larvae, but not the pupae. Our findings demonstrate that female fruit flies use multimodal sensory integration and neuroendocrine signaling via NPF to engage in parasite-specific cellular and behavioral survival strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumala K. Sadanandappa
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Shivaprasad H. Sathyanarayana
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Shu Kondo
- Invertebrate Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Giovanni Bosco
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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29
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Chen B, Yadav M, Mulkalwar M, Saikrishna L, Verma H, Ye W, Bhaskar LVKS. Meta-Analysis on the Association of Neuropeptide Y rs16139 Variant With the Risk of Alcoholism. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:737440. [PMID: 34777047 PMCID: PMC8583313 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.737440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The neuropeptide-Y (NPY) is involved in the development of alcoholism through NPY receptors. A T>C mutation causes substitution of leucine to proline at codon 7 (L7P; rs16139) in the signal peptide of neuropeptide Y is known to cause a 42% increase in plasma NPY levels. Studies that analyzed the association between NPY rs16139 and alcoholism risk did not demonstrate conclusive evidence for this relationship. The present study aims to evaluate the association between NPY gene rs16139 variant and alcohol dependence. Method: An electronic search of databases including PubMed and Google Scholar was performed to retrieve studies investigating the association between NPY rs16139 and alcoholism. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated in allelic and dominant genetic models. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias were assessed in our meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was conducted using the MetaGenyo web tool. Result: Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies (p < 0.001). Our results have shown that there is no significant association between NPY rs16139 variant and the risk of alcoholism in allelic (OR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.70-1.38, p = 0.921) and dominant models (OR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.69-1.40, p = 0.919). Begg's funnel plot and Egger's test have not shown publication bias (p = 0.332). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that evaluates the relationship between the NPY rs16139 polymorphism and the risk of alcoholism. Our large-scale meta-analysis suggests that NPY rs16139 polymorphism is not associated with alcoholism. However, further studies are needed to increase our understanding of the relationship between NPY variants in alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqing Chen
- Department of Sports Operation and Management, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Manish Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Madhubala Mulkalwar
- Department of Pathology, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences (SSIMS), Bhilai, India
| | | | - Henu Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany
| | - Weibing Ye
- Exercise and Metabolism Research Center, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
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Marty VN, Farokhnia M, Munier JJ, Mulpuri Y, Leggio L, Spigelman I. Long-Acting Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Suppress Voluntary Alcohol Intake in Male Wistar Rats. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:599646. [PMID: 33424537 PMCID: PMC7785877 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.599646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing condition characterized by compulsive alcohol-seeking behaviors, with serious detrimental health consequences. Despite high prevalence and societal burden, available approved medications to treat AUD are limited in number and efficacy, highlighting a critical need for more and novel pharmacotherapies. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gut hormone and neuropeptide involved in the regulation of food intake and glucose metabolism via GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs). GLP-1 analogs are approved for clinical use for diabetes and obesity. Recently, the GLP-1 system has been shown to play a role in the neurobiology of addictive behaviors, including alcohol seeking and consumption. Here we investigated the effects of different pharmacological manipulations of the GLP-1 system on escalated alcohol intake and preference in male Wistar rats exposed to intermittent access 2-bottle choice of 10% ethanol or water. Administration of AR231453 and APD668, two different agonists of G-protein receptor 119, whose activation increases GLP-1 release from intestinal L-cells, did not affect voluntary ethanol intake. By contrast, injections of either liraglutide or semaglutide, two long-acting GLP-1 analogs, potently decreased ethanol intake. These effects, however, were transient, lasting no longer than 48 h. Semaglutide, but not liraglutide, also reduced ethanol preference on the day of injection. As expected, both analogs induced a reduction in body weight. Co-administration of exendin 9-39, a GLP-1R antagonist, did not prevent liraglutide- or semaglutide-induced effects in this study. Injection of exendin 9-39 alone, or blockade of dipeptidyl peptidase-4, an enzyme responsible for GLP-1 degradation, via injection of sitagliptin, did not affect ethanol intake or preference. Our findings suggest that among medications targeting the GLP-1 system, GLP-1 analogs may represent novel and promising pharmacological tools for AUD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent N Marty
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Section of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mehdi Farokhnia
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Center on Compulsive Behaviors, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joseph J Munier
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Section of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yatendra Mulpuri
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Section of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lorenzo Leggio
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Center on Compulsive Behaviors, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Medication Development Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Division of Addiction Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Igor Spigelman
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Section of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Neuropeptide Y plasma levels and suicidal behavior in combat veterans. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 40:31-37. [PMID: 32593562 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
War veterans are at increased risk of suicide that may be related to deployment and/or post-deployment stressors and to adjustment-related factors. The aim of this study was to examine whether levels of plasma neuropeptide Y (NPY) might distinguish combat veterans who have made a post-deployment suicide attempt from those who have never made a suicide attempt. We focused on NPY because of prior findings linking NPY with the neurobiology of resilience, stress-related and other disorders, and suicidal behavior. Demographic and clinical parameters of suicide attempters and non-attempters were assessed and plasma NPY was determined by radioimmunoassay. NPY levels were higher among attempters in comparison to non-attempters, controlling for sex and body-mass index. Suicide attempters had higher Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI) scores than non-attempters. There was a positive correlation between NPY levels and SSI scores among non-attempters but not among attempters. Likewise, NPY levels positively correlated with Brown-Goodwin Aggression Scale scores among suicide attempters but not among non-attempters. This is the first demonstration of altered plasma NPY levels in association with suicide attempt history and suicidal ideation in veterans. Our findings suggest that clinical differences between combat veterans with or without a history of suicide attempt may have a neurobiological origin.
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Wang X, Tian Z, Ma J, Feng Z, Ou Y, Zhou M, Peng J, Lv Y, Gao G, Qi S. NPY alterations induced by chronic morphine exposure affect the maintenance and reinstatement of morphine conditioned place preference. Neuropharmacology 2020; 181:108350. [PMID: 33027625 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Opioid addiction is a brain disease that severely harms society and personal health. Although the tremendous numbers of patients worldwide and emerged negative events, effective treatments for opioid addiction are still lacking. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the main orexigenic peptides that play vital roles in food intake and energy metabolism. However, increasing evidence indicates that NPY may have great potential in mediating reward effects and drug dependence. In the present study, we assessed the expression changes of NPY in the nucleus accumbens at different timepoints following morphine conditioned place preference (CPP) and investigated the functional importance of potential NPY changes. Our results showed that NPY expression significantly decreased in the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) immediately after chronic morphine exposure. Subsequently, it increased rapidly at first and then gradually returned to normal levels. Further data indicated that these NPY changes were involved in morphine reward memory, demonstrated by a reduction in the extinction period after blocking of the Y5 receptor by L-152,804 in the AcbSh and a prolonged duration of the extinction period following the application of NPY. More importantly, the additional results revealed that L-152,804 also remarkably suppressed the reinstatement of morphine CPP. Together, our results indicate that a complicated plasticity of the NPY pathway in AcbSh occurs following morphine CPP, and this plasticity plays an important role in modulating morphine reward memory. These findings may enhance our understanding of the role of the NPY system in opioid addiction and indicate a promising target for opioid addiction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China; Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Zhanpeng Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yichao Ou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingfeng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjie Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunfei Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
| | - Songtao Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Mathé AA, Michaneck M, Berg E, Charney DS, Murrough JW. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Intranasal Neuropeptide Y in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 23:783-790. [PMID: 33009815 PMCID: PMC7770516 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaa054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since about one-third of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not respond adequately to available antidepressants, there is a need for treatments based on novel mechanisms of action. Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a normal brain constituent, is reduced in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with MDD and post-traumatic stress disorder and in corresponding rodent models. Moreover, NPY administered centrally or intranasally rescues pathophysiology in these models. Consequently, we conducted the first, to our knowledge, controlled trial of NPY as a treatment for MDD. METHODS Thirty MDD patients on a stable dose of a conventional antidepressant insufflated 6.8 mg NPY (n = 12) or placebo (n = 18) in a double blind randomized fashion. Effects were assessed at baseline, +1 hour, +5 hours, +24 hours, and +48 hours. The primary outcome was change in depression severity measured with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). RESULTS NPY was superior to placebo at +24 hours (change -10.3 [95% CI: -13.8; -6.8]) vs -5.6 (95% CI: -8.4; -2.7); group*time F = 3.26, DF = (1,28), P = .04; Cohen's d = 0.67). At +5 hours MADRS decreased -7.1 ([95% CI: -10.0; -4.2] vs -3.5 [95% CI: -5.8; -1.2]; group*time F = 2.69, DF = (1,28), P = .05; Cohen's d = 0.61). MADRS reduction at +48 hours was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Since no results regarding the trajectory of NPY effects existed prior to this study we extrapolated from the known NPY biology and predicted the effects will occur 5-48 hours post insufflation. We chose +48 hours as the primary endpoint and +1, +5, and +24 hours as secondary endpoints. The results, the first of their kind, indicate that insufflated NPY is antidepressant, despite not meeting the primary outcome, and call for dose ranging and repeated NPY insufflation trials. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION EudraCT Number: 2014-000129-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander A Mathé
- Center for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Correspondence: Aleksander Mathé, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Tomtebodavägen 18A Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden ()
| | - Miranda Michaneck
- Center for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Berg
- Center for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dennis S Charney
- Office of the Dean, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Depression and Anxiety Center for Discovery and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - James W Murrough
- Depression and Anxiety Center for Discovery and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Regev-Tsur S, Demiray YE, Tripathi K, Stork O, Richter-Levin G, Albrecht A. Region-specific involvement of interneuron subpopulations in trauma-related pathology and resilience. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 143:104974. [PMID: 32561495 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Only a minority of trauma-exposed individuals develops Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and active processes may support trauma resilience. Individual behavioral profiling allows investigating neurobiological alterations related to resilience or pathology in animal models of PTSD and is utilized here to examine the activation of different interneuron subpopulations of the dentate gyrus-amygdala system associated with trauma resilience or pathology. To model PTSD, rats were exposed to juvenile stress combined with underwater trauma (UWT) in adulthood. Four weeks later, individual anxiety levels were assessed in the elevated plus maze test for classifying rats as highly anxious 'affected' vs. 'non-affected', i.e. behaving as control animals. Analyzing the activation of specific interneuron subpopulations in the dorsal and ventral dentate gyrus (DG), the basolateral (BLA) and central amygdala by immunohistochemical double-labeling for cFos and different interneuron markers, revealed an increased activation of cholecystokinin (CCK)-positive interneurons in the ventral DG, together with increased activation of parvalbumin- and CCK-positive interneurons in the BLA of affected trauma-exposed rats. By contrast, increased activation of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-positive interneurons was observed in the dorsal DG of trauma-exposed, but non-affected rats. To test for a direct contribution of NPY in the dorsal DG to trauma resilience, a local shRNA-mediated knock down was performed after UWT. Such a treatment significantly reduced the prevalence of resilient animals. Our results suggest that distinct interneuron populations are associated with resilience or pathology in PTSD with high regional specificity. NPY within the dorsal DG was found to significantly contribute to trauma resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stav Regev-Tsur
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Israel; The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBR), University of Haifa, Israel; Psychology Department, University of Haifa, Israel
| | - Yunus Emre Demiray
- Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Stork
- Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Science, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Gal Richter-Levin
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Israel; The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBR), University of Haifa, Israel; Psychology Department, University of Haifa, Israel.
| | - Anne Albrecht
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Israel; The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBR), University of Haifa, Israel; Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Science, Magdeburg, Germany
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35
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Vocat C, Dunand M, Hubers SA, Bourdillon N, Millet GP, Brown NJ, Wuerzner G, Grouzmann E, Eugster PJ. Quantification of Neuropeptide Y and Four of Its Metabolites in Human Plasma by Micro-UHPLC-MS/MS. Anal Chem 2020; 92:859-866. [PMID: 31790196 PMCID: PMC8541045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid peptide circulating at a subpicomolar concentration participating in multiple physiological and pathological processes. NPY is prone to peptidolysis, generating metabolites with modified affinity for the five known receptors of NPY that mediate distinct effects. It is, therefore, crucial to distinguish each metabolite to understand the multiple functions of NPY. Since immunoassays are not able to distinguish NPY from its metabolites, we have validated a microliquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (micro-LC-MS/MS) assay for the quantification of endogenous NPY, NPY2-36, NPY3-36, NPY1-35, and NPY3-35 in human plasma. Sample preparation relies on immunoextraction in 96-well plates, followed by solid-phase extraction prior to micro-LC-MS/MS. The LLOQ ranged from 0.03 to 0.16 pM, intra- and inter-assay precision were <27% and trueness <22%. We determined reference intervals in 155 healthy volunteers and 40 hypertensive patients. We found that NPY3-36 is the main circulating peptide in resting conditions and that NPY and catecholamines are simultaneously increased during orthostasis. We also showed that the concentrations of NPY and its metabolites are similar in healthy volunteers and hypertensive patients. NPY is the prototype peptide that circulates in concentrations expected to be beyond instrumental capacities. We have been successful in developing a high-throughput specific and sensitive assay by including a deep knowledge of the physicochemical properties of these peptides to an efficient multistep sample preparation, and a micro-LC chromatography. We believe that our methodological approach opens the possibility to selectively quantify other endogenous peptides cleaved by peptidases whose concentrations are below 1 pM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Vocat
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marielle Dunand
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Scott A. Hubers
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Nicolas Bourdillon
- Institute of Sport Sciences (ISSUL), University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Grégoire P. Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences (ISSUL), University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nancy J. Brown
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Grégoire Wuerzner
- Service of Nephrology and Hypertension, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Grouzmann
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe J. Eugster
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Xu L, Wang J. Food restriction in adolescence increases emotional disorder-like behaviors in adult rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 104:101731. [PMID: 31862402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.101731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the neuronal mechanism underlying the influence of early-life food restriction on the central nervous system and subsequent behaviors in adult rats. Several behavioral paradigms were tested in rats, including sucrose negative contrast test, forced swimming test (FST) and elevated plus maze test (EPM). in vivo intracellular electrophysiological recordings were conducted in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala (LAT). Finally, the levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY) were examined using immunohistochemistry. Food restriction during adolescence reduced sucrose preference in adult rats. Adolescent food restriction increased total immobile time in the FST and reduced the latency in rats to the first bout of immobility. In the EPM test, rats that experienced food restriction in adolescence and tested four weeks later spent less time than unrestricted controls in the open arm. In addition, chronic food restriction in adolescence increased in vivo LAT neuronal excitability in adulthood. Finally, NPY immunoreactivity in the LAT was reduced in rats that experienced chronic food restriction in adolescence compared to controls. Our results suggest that food restriction in adolescence increases emotional disorder-like behaviors in adult life, in which NPY production regulates the LAT-dependent behaviors and may underly the vulnerability to emotional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Department of Electrophysiological Examination, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Department of Electrophysiological Examination, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei Province, China.
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Pharmacological and functional similarities of the human neuropeptide Y system in C. elegans challenges phylogenetic views on the FLP/NPR system. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:123. [PMID: 31533726 PMCID: PMC6751662 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0436-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The neuropeptide Y system affects various processes, among others food intake, and is frequently discussed in the context of targeting obesity. Studies in model organisms are indispensable to enable molecular studies in a physiological context. Although the NPY system is evolutionarily conserved in all bilaterians, in the widely used model Caenorhabditis elegans there is controversy on the existence of NPY orthologous molecules. While the FMRFamide-like peptide (FLP)/Neuropeptide receptor-Resemblance (NPR) system in the nematode was initially suggested to be orthologous to the mammalian NPY system, later global phylogenetic studies indicate that FLP/NPR is protostome-specific. Methods We performed a comprehensive pharmacological study of the FLP/NPR system in transfected cells in vitro, and tested for functional substitution in C. elegans knockout strains. Further, we phenotypically compared different flp loss-of-function strains. Differences between groups were compared by ANOVA and post-hoc testing (Dunnett, Bonferroni). Results Our pharmacological analysis of the FLP/NPR system including formerly functionally uncharacterized NPY-like peptides from C. elegans demonstrates that G protein-coupling and ligand requirements for receptor activation are similar to the human NPY system. In vitro and in vivo analyses show cross-reactivity of NPY with the FLP/NPR system manifesting in the ability of the human GPCRs to functionally substitute FLP/NPR signaling in vivo. The high pharmacological/functional similarities enabled us to identify C. elegans FLP-14 as a key molecule in avoidance behavior. Conclusions Our data demonstrate the pharmacological and functional similarities of human NPY and C. elegans NPR systems. This adds a novel perspective to current phylogenetic reconstructions of the neuropeptide Y system. NPY and NPR receptors are pharmacologically so similar that the human receptors can functionally compensate for the C. elegans ones, suggesting orthologous relationships. This is also underlined by the presence of NPY-like peptides and parallels in peptide requirements for receptor activation. Further, the results presented here highlight the potential of this knowledge for physiological as well as molecular studies on neuropeptide GPCRs such as the NPY system in the future.
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Li C, Luo T, Cheng Y, Liu S, Qiao L, Wu X, Liu K. The effects of IVIg therapy on serum levels of neuropeptide Y and cytokines in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neurol Sci 2019; 41:295-303. [PMID: 31494821 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a common acute immune-mediated inflammatory disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system (PNS) of humans. Studies in humans and in animal models revealed that neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels are altered in some neurodegenerative and neuroimmune disorders. Herein, we investigated the levels of NPY and cytokines in the serum of GBS patients and explored the roles of NPY in the disease severity and its short-term prognosis. METHODS Twenty patients with GBS (case group) and twenty healthy individuals (control group) were enrolled in this study. NPY levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (including interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)) were analyzed using cytometric beads array (CBA). The clinical characteristics, disease severity, and short-term prognosis were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the levels of NPY and cytokines were significantly increased in the serum of patients with GBS. NPY levels in the serum of GBS patients were correlated with the disease severity. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that NPY and cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of GBS. The levels of NPY can help to predict the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Li
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Tianfei Luo
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yanwei Cheng
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lifan Qiao
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Kangding Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Li C, Wu X, Liu S, Zhao Y, Zhu J, Liu K. Roles of Neuropeptide Y in Neurodegenerative and Neuroimmune Diseases. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:869. [PMID: 31481869 PMCID: PMC6710390 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator that mainly exists in the nervous system. It plays a neuroprotective role in organisms and widely participates in the regulation of various physiological processes in vivo. Studies in both humans and animal models have been revealed that NPY levels are altered in some neurodegenerative and neuroimmune disorders. NPY plays various roles in these diseases, such as exerting a neuroprotective effect, increasing trophic support, decreasing excitotoxicity, regulating calcium homeostasis, and attenuating neuroinflammation. In this review, we will focus on the roles of NPY in the pathological mechanisms of neurodegenerative and neuroimmune diseases, highlighting NPY as a potential therapeutic target in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Li
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kangding Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Roviš D, Vasiljev V, Jenko-Pražnikar Z, Petelin A, Drevenšek G, Peruč D, Černelič-Bizjak M. Mental health and drug use severity: the role of substance P, neuropeptide Y, self-reported childhood history of trauma, parental bonding and current resiliency. J Ment Health 2019; 30:88-96. [PMID: 31347421 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2019.1644492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many risk factors lead to opioid use and drug-related problems. One of the challenges to understand behavioural factors, drug problems and psychopathology is to identify biological markers that are suitable for research on broad substance abuse and dependence involving human participants. AIMS The study has examined the relationships between the self-reported childhood history of trauma, parental bonding, psychopathology, impulsivity, current resiliency, two neuropeptides, possible markers of behaviour and emotion regulation, and severity of drug-related problems. METHODS One hundred and sixty-seven individuals with a history of opioid use completed questionnaires. Serum neuropeptide Y (NPY) and substance P (SP) levels were analysed. Moderating and mediating relationships between variables were examined using structural equation modelling (SEM). RESULTS Antisocial features, depression, impulsivity, SP, NPY, emotional neglect and resilience are associated with severity of drug-related problems. SP is associated with antisocial personality traits. CONCLUSIONS The novelty of this study is the proposed possible link between biochemical markers, antisocial features and behavioural and emotional regulation. Serum NPY and SP levels have a potential to be used as a biomarker in opioid users before and in the treatment process to account for interactions between biological vulnerabilities and childhood risk factors in predicting behavioural adjustment and more severe drug-related problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darko Roviš
- Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vanja Vasiljev
- Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Zala Jenko-Pražnikar
- Department of Nutritional Counselling - Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Ana Petelin
- Department of Nutritional Counselling - Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Gorazd Drevenšek
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Dolores Peruč
- Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Maša Černelič-Bizjak
- Department of Nutritional Counselling - Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
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Bozler J, Kacsoh BZ, Bosco G. Transgeneratonal inheritance of ethanol preference is caused by maternal NPF repression. eLife 2019; 8:45391. [PMID: 31287057 PMCID: PMC6615861 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid or even anticipatory adaptation to environmental conditions can provide a decisive fitness advantage to an organism. The memory of recurring conditions could also benefit future generations; however, neuronally-encoded behavior isn’t thought to be inherited across generations. We tested the possibility that environmentally triggered modifications could allow ‘memory’ of parental experiences to be inherited. In Drosophila melanogaster, exposure to predatory wasps leads to inheritance of a predisposition for ethanol-rich food for five generations. Inhibition of Neuropeptide-F (NPF) activates germline caspases required for transgenerational ethanol preference. Further, inheritance of low NPF expression in specific regions of F1 brains is required for the transmission of this food preference: a maternally derived NPF locus is necessary for this phenomenon, implicating a maternal epigenetic mechanism of NPF-repression. Given the conserved signaling functions of NPF and its mammalian NPY homolog in drug and alcohol disorders, these observations raise the intriguing possibility of NPY-related transgenerational effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna Bozler
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, United States
| | - Balint Z Kacsoh
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, United States
| | - Giovanni Bosco
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, United States
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NPY Receptor 2 Mediates NPY Antidepressant Effect in the mPFC of LPS Rat by Suppressing NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:7898095. [PMID: 31736656 PMCID: PMC6815592 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7898095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidences show that neuroinflammation play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of depression. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its receptors have been demonstrated to have anti-inflammative as well as antidepressant effects. In the present study, the ability of NPY to modulate depressive-like behaviors induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in rats and the receptors and signaling mechanisms involved were investigated. Continuous injection LPS (i.p) for 4 days led to development of depressive-like behaviors in rats, accompanied with M1-type microglia activation and increased levels of IL-1β as well as decreased levels of NPY and Y2R expression in the mPFC selectively. Local injection of NPY into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) ameliorated the depression-like behaviors and suppressed the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. Y2R agonist PYY (3-36) mimicked and Y2R antagonist BIIE0246 abolished the NPY effects in the mPFC. All these results suggest that NPY and Y2R in the mPFC are involved in the pathophysiology of depression and NPY plays an antidepressant role in the mPFC mainly via Y2R, which suppresses the NLRP3 signaling pathway, in LPS-induced depression model rats.
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Rossetti I, Zambusi L, Maccioni P, Sau R, Provini L, Castelli MP, Gonciarz K, Colombo G, Morara S. Predisposition to Alcohol Drinking and Alcohol Consumption Alter Expression of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide, Neuropeptide Y, and Microglia in Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis in a Subnucleus-Specific Manner. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:158. [PMID: 31114482 PMCID: PMC6502997 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption is often linked to anxiety states and has a major relay center in the anterior part of bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST). We analyzed the impact of (i) genetic predisposition to high alcohol preference and consumption, and (ii) alcohol intake on anterior BNST, namely anterolateral (AL), anteromedial (AM), and anteroventral (lateral + medial subdivisions: AVl, AVm) subnuclei. We used two rat lines selectively bred for low- and high-alcohol preference and consumption, named Sardinian alcohol-non preferring (sNP) and -preferring (sP), respectively, the latter showing also inherent anxiety-related behaviors. We analyzed the modulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP; exerting anxiogenic effects in BNST), neuropeptide Y (NPY; exerting mainly anxiolytic effects), and microglia activation (neuroinflammation marker, thought to increase anxiety). Calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunofluorescent fibers/terminals did not differ between alcohol-naive sP and sNP rats. Fiber/terminal NPY-immunofluorescent intensity was lower in BNST-AM and BNST-AVm of alcohol-naive sP rats. Activation of microglia (revealed by morphological analysis) was decreased in BNST-AM and increased in BNST-AVm of alcohol-naive sP rats. Prolonged (30 consecutive days), voluntary alcohol intake under the homecage 2-bottle “alcohol vs. water” regimen strongly increased CGRP intensity in BNST of sP rats in a subnucleus-specific manner: in BNST-AL, BNST-AVm, and BNST-AM. CGRP area sum, however, decreased in BNST-AM, without changes in other subnuclei. Alcohol consumption increased NPY expression, in a subnucleus-specific manner, in BNST-AL, BNST-AVl, and BNST-AVm. Alcohol consumption increased many size/shapes parameters in microglial cells, indicative of microglia de-activation. Finally, microglia density was increased in ventral anterior BNST (BNST-AVl, BNST-AVm) by alcohol consumption. In conclusion, genetic predisposition of sP rats to high alcohol intake could be in part mediated by anterior BNST subnuclei showing lower NPY expression and differential microglia activation. Alcohol intake in sP rats produced complex subnucleus-specific changes in BNST, affecting CGRP/NPY expression and microglia and leading to hypothesize that these changes might contribute to the anxiolytic effects of voluntarily consumed alcohol repeatedly observed in sP rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Rossetti
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Zambusi
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Maccioni
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Sau
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy
| | - Luciano Provini
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Paola Castelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Krzysztof Gonciarz
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Giancarlo Colombo
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Morara
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Ruisoto P, Contador I. The role of stress in drug addiction. An integrative review. Physiol Behav 2019; 202:62-68. [PMID: 30711532 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high prevalence and burden to society of drug abuse and addiction is undisputed. However, its conceptualisation as a brain disease is controversial, and available interventions insufficient. Research on the role of stress in drug addiction may bridge positions and develop more effective interventions. AIM The aim of this paper is to integrate the most influential literature to date on the role of stress in drug addiction. METHODS A literature search was conducted of the core collections of Web of Science and Semantic Scholar on the topic of stress and addiction from a neurobiological perspective in humans. The most frequently cited articles and related references published in the last decade were finally redrafted into a narrative review based on 130 full-text articles. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION First, a brief overview of the neurobiology of stress and drug addiction is provided. Then, the role of stress in drug addiction is described. Stress is conceptualised as a major source of allostatic load, which result in progressive long-term changes in the brain, leading to a drug-prone state characterized by craving and increased risk of relapse. The effects of stress on drug addiction are mainly mediated by the action of corticotropin-releasing factor and other stress hormones, which weaken the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex and strengthen the amygdala, leading to a negative emotional state, craving and lack of executive control, increasing the risk of relapse. Both, drugs and stress result in an allostatic overload responsible for neuroadaptations involved in most of the key features of addiction: reward anticipation/craving, negative affect, and impaired executive functions, involved in three stages of addiction and relapse. CONCLUSION This review elucidates the crucial role of stress in drug addiction and highlights the need to incorporate the social context where brain-behaviour relationships unfold into the current model of addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ruisoto
- Department of Psychobiology, Methodology and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Israel Contador
- Department of Psychobiology, Methodology and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Spain
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Abstract
In this review, the effects of stress on alcohol drinking are discussed. The interactions between biological stress systems and alcohol drinking are examined, with a focus on the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, corticotropin releasing factor, dynorphin, neuropeptide Y, and norepinephrine systems. Findings from animal models suggest that these biological stress systems may be useful targets for medications development for alcohol use disorder and co-occurring stress-related disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M Weera
- Marcus M. Weera, Ph.D., is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana. Nicholas W. Gilpin, Ph.D., is a professor in the Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Nicholas W Gilpin
- Marcus M. Weera, Ph.D., is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana. Nicholas W. Gilpin, Ph.D., is a professor in the Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Miragaia AS, de Oliveira Wertheimer GS, Consoli AC, Cabbia R, Longo BM, Girardi CEN, Suchecki D. Maternal Deprivation Increases Anxiety- and Depressive-Like Behaviors in an Age-Dependent Fashion and Reduces Neuropeptide Y Expression in the Amygdala and Hippocampus of Male and Female Young Adult Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:159. [PMID: 30131681 PMCID: PMC6090069 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal deprivation for 24 h produces an immediate increase in basal and stress-induced corticosterone (CORT) secretion. Given the impact of elevated CORT levels on brain development, the goal of the present study was to characterize the effects of maternal deprivation at postnatal days 3 (DEP3) or 11 (DEP11) on emotional behavior and neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity (NPY-ir) in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) of male and female rats. Litters were distributed in control non-deprived (CTL), DEP3, or DEP11 groups. In Experiment 1, within each litter, one male and one female were submitted to one of the following tests: novelty suppressed feeding (NSF), sucrose negative contrast test (SNCT), and forced swimming test (FST), between postnatal days 52 and 60. In Experiment 2, two males and two females per litter were exposed to the elevated plus maze and 1 h later, perfused for investigation of NPY-ir, on PND 52. The results showed that DEP3 rats displayed greater anxiety-like behavior in the NSF and EPM, compared to CTL and DEP11 counterparts. In the SNCT, DEP3 and DEP11 males showed less suppression of the lower sucrose concentration intake, whereas all females suppressed less than males. Both manipulated groups displayed more immobility in the FST, although this effect was greater in DEP3 than in DEP11 rats. NPY-ir was reduced in DEP3 and DEP11 males and females in the BLA, whereas in the dHPC, DEP3 males showed less NPY-ir than DEP11, which, in turn, presented less NPY-ir than CTL rats. Females showed less NPY-ir than males in both structures. Because the deprivation effects were more intense in DEP3 than in DEP11, in Experiment 3, the frequency of nursing posture, licking-grooming, and interaction with pups was assessed upon litter reunion with mothers. Mothers of DEP11 litters engaged more in anogenital licking than mothers of DEP3 litters. The present results indicate that maternal deprivation changed affective behavior with greater impact in the earlier age and reduced the expression of NPY in emotion-related brain areas. The age-dependent differential effects of deprivation on maternal behavior could, at least in part, explain the outcomes in young adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Miragaia
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Amanda C Consoli
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Cabbia
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz M Longo
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos E N Girardi
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Deborah Suchecki
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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47
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Ch’Ng SS, Lawrence AJ. Investigational drugs for alcohol use disorders: a review of preclinical data. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2018; 27:459-474. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2018.1472763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Ch’Ng
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lawrence
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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48
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Ryvkin J, Bentzur A, Zer-Krispil S, Shohat-Ophir G. Mechanisms Underlying the Risk to Develop Drug Addiction, Insights From Studies in Drosophila melanogaster. Front Physiol 2018; 9:327. [PMID: 29740329 PMCID: PMC5928757 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to adapt to environmental changes is an essential feature of biological systems, achieved in animals by a coordinated crosstalk between neuronal and hormonal programs that allow rapid and integrated organismal responses. Reward systems play a key role in mediating this adaptation by reinforcing behaviors that enhance immediate survival, such as eating or drinking, or those that ensure long-term survival, such as sexual behavior or caring for offspring. Drugs of abuse co-opt neuronal and molecular pathways that mediate natural rewards, which under certain circumstances can lead to addiction. Many factors can contribute to the transition from drug use to drug addiction, highlighting the need to discover mechanisms underlying the progression from initial drug use to drug addiction. Since similar responses to natural and drug rewards are present in very different animals, it is likely that the central systems that process reward stimuli originated early in evolution, and that common ancient biological principles and genes are involved in these processes. Thus, the neurobiology of natural and drug rewards can be studied using simpler model organisms that have their systems stripped of some of the immense complexity that exists in mammalian brains. In this paper we review studies in Drosophila melanogaster that model different aspects of natural and drug rewards, with an emphasis on how motivational states shape the value of the rewarding experience, as an entry point to understanding the mechanisms that contribute to the vulnerability of drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ryvkin
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Assa Bentzur
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shir Zer-Krispil
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Galit Shohat-Ophir
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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