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Chang YC, Cao Z, Chen WT, Huang WC. Effects of stand-alone polar residue on membrane protein stability and structure. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184325. [PMID: 38653423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Helical membrane proteins generally have a hydrophobic nature, with apolar side chains comprising the majority of the transmembrane (TM) helices. However, whenever polar side chains are present in the TM domain, they often exert a crucial role in structural interactions with other polar residues, such as TM helix associations and oligomerization. Moreover, polar residues in the TM region also often participate in protein functions, such as the Schiff base bonding between Lys residues and retinal in rhodopsin-like membrane proteins. Although many studies have focused on these functional polar residues, our understanding of stand-alone polar residues that are energetically unfavored in TM helixes is limited. Here, we adopted bacteriorhodopsin (bR) as a model system and systematically mutated 17 of its apolar Leu or Phe residues to polar Asn. Stability measurements of the resulting mutants revealed that all of these polar substitutions reduced bR stability to various extents, and the extent of destabilization of each mutant bR is also correlated to different structural factors, such as the relative accessible surface area and membrane depth of the mutation site. Structural analyses of these Asn residues revealed that they form sidechain-to-backbone hydrogen bonds that alleviate the unfavorable energetics in hydrophobic and apolar surroundings. Our results indicate that membrane proteins are able to accommodate certain stand-alone polar residues in the TM region without disrupting overall structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chu Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Zheng Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America
| | - Wai-Ting Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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2
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Klingelhuber F, Frendo-Cumbo S, Omar-Hmeadi M, Massier L, Kakimoto P, Taylor AJ, Couchet M, Ribicic S, Wabitsch M, Messias AC, Iuso A, Müller TD, Rydén M, Mejhert N, Krahmer N. A spatiotemporal proteomic map of human adipogenesis. Nat Metab 2024; 6:861-879. [PMID: 38565923 PMCID: PMC11132986 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
White adipocytes function as major energy reservoirs in humans by storing substantial amounts of triglycerides, and their dysfunction is associated with metabolic disorders; however, the mechanisms underlying cellular specialization during adipogenesis remain unknown. Here, we generate a spatiotemporal proteomic atlas of human adipogenesis, which elucidates cellular remodelling as well as the spatial reorganization of metabolic pathways to optimize cells for lipid accumulation and highlights the coordinated regulation of protein localization and abundance during adipocyte formation. We identify compartment-specific regulation of protein levels and localization changes of metabolic enzymes to reprogramme branched-chain amino acids and one-carbon metabolism to provide building blocks and reduction equivalents. Additionally, we identify C19orf12 as a differentiation-induced adipocyte lipid droplet protein that interacts with the translocase of the outer membrane complex of lipid droplet-associated mitochondria and regulates adipocyte lipid storage by determining the capacity of mitochondria to metabolize fatty acids. Overall, our study provides a comprehensive resource for understanding human adipogenesis and for future discoveries in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Klingelhuber
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Scott Frendo-Cumbo
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhmmad Omar-Hmeadi
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lucas Massier
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pamela Kakimoto
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Austin J Taylor
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Morgane Couchet
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Ribicic
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Center for Rare Endocrine Diseases, Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ana C Messias
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Arcangela Iuso
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Walther-Straub Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Endocrinology unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mejhert
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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3
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Huang N, Winans T, Wyman B, Oaks Z, Faludi T, Choudhary G, Lai ZW, Lewis J, Beckford M, Duarte M, Krakko D, Patel A, Park J, Caza T, Sadeghzadeh M, Morel L, Haas M, Middleton F, Banki K, Perl A. Rab4A-directed endosome traffic shapes pro-inflammatory mitochondrial metabolism in T cells via mitophagy, CD98 expression, and kynurenine-sensitive mTOR activation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2598. [PMID: 38519468 PMCID: PMC10960037 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46441-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key metabolic checkpoint of pro-inflammatory T-cell development that contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identify a functional role for Rab4A-directed endosome traffic in CD98 receptor recycling, mTOR activation, and accumulation of mitochondria that connect metabolic pathways with immune cell lineage development and lupus pathogenesis. Based on integrated analyses of gene expression, receptor traffic, and stable isotope tracing of metabolic pathways, constitutively active Rab4AQ72L exerts cell type-specific control over metabolic networks, dominantly impacting CD98-dependent kynurenine production, mTOR activation, mitochondrial electron transport and flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle and thus expands CD4+ and CD3+CD4-CD8- double-negative T cells over CD8+ T cells, enhancing B cell activation, plasma cell development, antinuclear and antiphospholipid autoantibody production, and glomerulonephritis in lupus-prone mice. Rab4A deletion in T cells and pharmacological mTOR blockade restrain CD98 expression, mitochondrial metabolism and lineage skewing and attenuate glomerulonephritis. This study identifies Rab4A-directed endosome traffic as a multilevel regulator of T cell lineage specification during lupus pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Huang
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Thomas Winans
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Brandon Wyman
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Zachary Oaks
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Tamas Faludi
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Gourav Choudhary
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Zhi-Wei Lai
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Joshua Lewis
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Miguel Beckford
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Manuel Duarte
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Daniel Krakko
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Akshay Patel
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Joy Park
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Tiffany Caza
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Mahsa Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Mark Haas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Frank Middleton
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Katalin Banki
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Andras Perl
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA.
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4
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Sreejith P, Lolo S, Patten KR, Gunasinghe M, More N, Pallanck LJ, Bharadwaj R. Nazo, the Drosophila homolog of the NBIA-mutated protein-c19orf12, is required for triglyceride homeostasis. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011137. [PMID: 38335241 PMCID: PMC10883546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid dyshomeostasis has been implicated in a variety of diseases ranging from obesity to neurodegenerative disorders such as Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA). Here, we uncover the physiological role of Nazo, the Drosophila melanogaster homolog of the NBIA-mutated protein-c19orf12, whose function has been elusive. Ablation of Drosophila c19orf12 homologs leads to dysregulation of multiple lipid metabolism genes. nazo mutants exhibit markedly reduced gut lipid droplet and whole-body triglyceride contents. Consequently, they are sensitive to starvation and oxidative stress. Nazo is required for maintaining normal levels of Perilipin-2, an inhibitor of the lipase-Brummer. Concurrent knockdown of Brummer or overexpression of Perilipin-2 rescues the nazo phenotype, suggesting that this defect, at least in part, may arise from diminished Perilipin-2 on lipid droplets leading to aberrant Brummer-mediated lipolysis. Our findings potentially provide novel insights into the role of c19orf12 as a possible link between lipid dyshomeostasis and neurodegeneration, particularly in the context of NBIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perinthottathil Sreejith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Sara Lolo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Kristen R Patten
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Maduka Gunasinghe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Neya More
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Leo J Pallanck
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rajnish Bharadwaj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
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5
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Özçelep ÖF, Turhan A, Fi Dan S, Kandemir S. Rehabilitation for Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Related Neurodegeneration: A Case Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e50540. [PMID: 38222195 PMCID: PMC10787901 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report reports the effects of an 18-week physiotherapy program in children with mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN). The study involved two brothers, aged 11 and 12, who had been diagnosed with MPAN. The physiotherapy program was divided into three phases and consisted of 18 weeks of training with a pediatric physiotherapist, including balance, coordination, and strengthening exercises. Muscle strength was assessed using pediatric manual muscle testing, functional balance using the Pediatric Berg Balance Test (PBBT), static balance using the Single-Leg Stance Test, dynamic balance using the Functional Reach Test, postural control using the 5-Time Sit-to-Stand Test, and independence using the Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM). Positive changes were observed in muscle strength, balance, and independence. After Phase I, PBBT scores (younger sibling +4, 8.1%; older +3, 6.8%) were higher than the minimal clinically important difference (MCID=3.66-5.83). After Phase III, although the PBBT scores improved (younger +2, 4.05%; older +1, 2.3%), the older sibling's score was not higher than the MCID. Thus, the two children showed visible improvements in both body structure and function, as well as activity and participation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Faruk Özçelep
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, TUR
| | - Atahan Turhan
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, TUR
| | - Sibel Fi Dan
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, TUR
| | - Safiye Kandemir
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, TUR
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6
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Winans T, Oaks Z, Choudhary G, Patel A, Huang N, Faludi T, Krakko D, Nolan J, Lewis J, Blair S, Lai Z, Landas SK, Middleton F, Asara JM, Chung SK, Wyman B, Azadi P, Banki K, Perl A. mTOR-dependent loss of PON1 secretion and antiphospholipid autoantibody production underlie autoimmunity-mediated cirrhosis in transaldolase deficiency. J Autoimmun 2023; 140:103112. [PMID: 37742509 PMCID: PMC10957505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Transaldolase deficiency predisposes to chronic liver disease progressing from cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Transition from cirrhosis to hepatocarcinogenesis depends on mitochondrial oxidative stress, as controlled by cytosolic aldose metabolism through the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Progression to HCC is critically dependent on NADPH depletion and polyol buildup by aldose reductase (AR), while this enzyme protects from carbon trapping in the PPP and growth restriction in TAL deficiency. Although AR inactivation blocked susceptibility to hepatocarcinogenesis, it enhanced growth restriction, carbon trapping in the non-oxidative branch of the PPP and failed to reverse the depletion of glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) and liver cirrhosis. Here, we show that inactivation of the TAL-AR axis results in metabolic stress characterized by reduced mitophagy, enhanced overall autophagy, activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), diminished glycosylation and secretion of paraoxonase 1 (PON1), production of antiphospholipid autoantibodies (aPL), loss of CD161+ NK cells, and expansion of CD38+ Ito cells, which are responsive to treatment with rapamycin in vivo. The present study thus identifies glycosylation and secretion of PON1 and aPL production as mTOR-dependent regulatory checkpoints of autoimmunity underlying liver cirrhosis in TAL deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Winans
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Z Oaks
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - G Choudhary
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - A Patel
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - N Huang
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - T Faludi
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - D Krakko
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - J Nolan
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - J Lewis
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Sarah Blair
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Z Lai
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - S K Landas
- Departments of Pathology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - F Middleton
- Departments of Neuroscience, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - J M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S K Chung
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - B Wyman
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - P Azadi
- University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - K Banki
- Departments of Pathology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - A Perl
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
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7
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Angelini C, Durand CM, Fergelot P, Deforges J, Vital A, Menegon P, Sarrazin E, Bellance R, Mathis S, Gonzalez V, Renaud M, Frismand S, Schmitt E, Rouanet M, Burglen L, Chabrol B, Desnous B, Arveiler B, Stevanin G, Coupry I, Goizet C. Autosomal Dominant MPAN: Mosaicism Expands the Clinical Spectrum to Atypical Late-Onset Phenotypes. Mov Disord 2023; 38:2103-2115. [PMID: 37605305 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN) is caused by mutations in the C19orf12 gene. MPAN typically appears in the first two decades of life and presents with progressive dystonia-parkinsonism, lower motor neuron signs, optic atrophy, and abnormal iron deposits predominantly in the basal ganglia. MPAN, initially considered as a strictly autosomal recessive disease (AR), turned out to be also dominantly inherited (AD). OBJECTIVES Our aim was to better characterize the clinical, molecular, and functional spectra associated with such dominant pathogenic heterozygous C19orf12 variants. METHODS We collected clinical, imaging, and molecular information of eight individuals from four AD-MPAN families and obtained brain neuropathology results for one. Functional studies, focused on energy and iron metabolism, were conducted on fibroblasts from AD-MPAN patients, AR-MPAN patients, and controls. RESULTS We identified four heterozygous C19orf12 variants in eight AD-MPAN patients. Two of them carrying the familial variant in mosaic displayed an atypical late-onset phenotype. Fibroblasts from AD-MPAN showed more severe alterations of iron storage metabolism and autophagy compared to AR-MPAN cells. CONCLUSION Our data add strong evidence of the realness of AD-MPAN with identification of novel monoallelic C19orf12 variants, including at the mosaic state. This has implications in diagnosis procedures. We also expand the phenotypic spectrum of MPAN to late onset atypical presentations. Finally, we demonstrate for the first time more drastic abnormalities of iron metabolism and autophagy in AD-MPAN than in AR-MPAN. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Angelini
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares «Neurogénétique», Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, NRGen Team, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christelle Marie Durand
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares «Neurogénétique», Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, NRGen Team, Bordeaux, France
- MRGM, University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Bordeaux, France
| | - Patricia Fergelot
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- MRGM, University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julie Deforges
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne Vital
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrice Menegon
- Service de Neuroradiologie, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elizabeth Sarrazin
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Neuromusculaires (AOC), Hôpital Pierre Zobda Quitman, CHU Martinique, Fort de France, Martinique
| | - Rémi Bellance
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Neuromusculaires (AOC), Hôpital Pierre Zobda Quitman, CHU Martinique, Fort de France, Martinique
| | - Stéphane Mathis
- Service de Neurologie (Unité Nerf-Muscle), Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Neuromusculaires (AOC), Centre SLA, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Victoria Gonzalez
- Service de neurologie, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathilde Renaud
- Service de Neurologie, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
- Service de Génétique Clinique, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
- NGERE, INSERM U1256, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | | | - Emmanuelle Schmitt
- Service de Neuroradiologie Diagnostique et Thérapeutique, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Marie Rouanet
- Service d'explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lydie Burglen
- Laboratoire de Neurogénétique Pédiatrique, Département de Génétique, Hôpital Trousseau, APHP.Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Chabrol
- Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Timone enfants, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Béatrice Desnous
- Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Timone enfants, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Benoît Arveiler
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- MRGM, University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Bordeaux, France
| | - Giovanni Stevanin
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, NRGen Team, Bordeaux, France
- EPHE, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Coupry
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, NRGen Team, Bordeaux, France
- MRGM, University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cyril Goizet
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares «Neurogénétique», Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, NRGen Team, Bordeaux, France
- MRGM, University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Bordeaux, France
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8
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Tolle I, Tiranti V, Prigione A. Modeling mitochondrial DNA diseases: from base editing to pluripotent stem-cell-derived organoids. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55678. [PMID: 36876467 PMCID: PMC10074100 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diseases are multi-systemic disorders caused by mutations affecting a fraction or the entirety of mtDNA copies. Currently, there are no approved therapies for the majority of mtDNA diseases. Challenges associated with engineering mtDNA have in fact hindered the study of mtDNA defects. Despite these difficulties, it has been possible to develop valuable cellular and animal models of mtDNA diseases. Here, we describe recent advances in base editing of mtDNA and the generation of three-dimensional organoids from patient-derived human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Together with already available modeling tools, the combination of these novel technologies could allow determining the impact of specific mtDNA mutations in distinct human cell types and might help uncover how mtDNA mutation load segregates during tissue organization. iPSC-derived organoids could also represent a platform for the identification of treatment strategies and for probing the in vitro effectiveness of mtDNA gene therapies. These studies have the potential to increase our mechanistic understanding of mtDNA diseases and may open the way to highly needed and personalized therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Tolle
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Valeria Tiranti
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prigione
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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9
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A novel C19orf12 frameshift mutation in a MPAN pedigree impairs mitochondrial function and connectivity leading to neurodegeneration. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2023; 109:105353. [PMID: 36863113 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial membrane protein‒associated neurodegeneration (MPAN) is a rare genetic disease characterized by progressive neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulations combined with neuronal α-synuclein and tau aggregations. Mutations in C19orf12 have been associated with both autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant inheritance patterns of MPAN. METHODS We present clinical features and functional evidence from a Taiwanese family with autosomal dominant MPAN caused by a novel heterozygous frameshift and nonsense mutation in C19orf12, c273_274 insA (p.P92Tfs*9). To verify the pathogenicity of the identified variant, we examined the mitochondrial function, morphology, protein aggregation, neuronal apoptosis, and RNA interactome in p.P92Tfs*9 mutant knock-in SH-SY5Y cells created with CRISPR-Cas9 technology. RESULTS Clinically, the patients with the C19orf12 p.P92Tfs*9 mutation presented with generalized dystonia, retrocollis, cerebellar ataxia, and cognitive decline, starting in their mid-20s. The identified novel frameshift mutation is located in the evolutionarily conserved region of the last exon of C19orf12. In vitro studies revealed that the p.P92Tfs*9 variant is associated with impaired mitochondrial function, reduced ATP production, aberrant mitochondria interconnectivity and ultrastructure. Increased neuronal α-synuclein and tau aggregations, and apoptosis were observed under conditions of mitochondrial stress. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the expression of genes in clusters related to mitochondrial fission, lipid metabolism, and iron homeostasis pathways was altered in the C19orf12 p.P92Tfs*9 mutant cells compared to control cells. CONCLUSION Our findings provide clinical, genetic, and mechanistic insight revealing a novel heterozygous C19orf12 frameshift mutation to be a cause of autosomal dominant MPAN, further strengthening the importance of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of MPAN.
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10
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Zanuttigh E, Derderian K, Güra MA, Geerlof A, Di Meo I, Cavestro C, Hempfling S, Ortiz-Collazos S, Mauthe M, Kmieć T, Cammarota E, Panzeri MC, Klopstock T, Sattler M, Winkelmann J, Messias AC, Iuso A. Identification of Autophagy as a Functional Target Suitable for the Pharmacological Treatment of Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration (MPAN) In Vitro. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010267. [PMID: 36678896 PMCID: PMC9862353 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN) is a relentlessly progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the C19orf12 gene. C19orf12 has been implicated in playing a role in lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, and autophagy, however, the precise functions remain unknown. To identify new robust cellular targets for small compound treatments, we evaluated reported mitochondrial function alterations, cellular signaling, and autophagy in a large cohort of MPAN patients and control fibroblasts. We found no consistent alteration of mitochondrial functions or cellular signaling messengers in MPAN fibroblasts. In contrast, we found that autophagy initiation is consistently impaired in MPAN fibroblasts and show that C19orf12 expression correlates with the amount of LC3 puncta, an autophagy marker. Finally, we screened 14 different autophagy modulators to test which can restore this autophagy defect. Amongst these compounds, carbamazepine, ABT-737, LY294002, oridonin, and paroxetine could restore LC3 puncta in the MPAN fibroblasts, identifying them as novel potential therapeutic compounds to treat MPAN. In summary, our study confirms a role for C19orf12 in autophagy, proposes LC3 puncta as a functionally robust and consistent readout for testing compounds, and pinpoints potential therapeutic compounds for MPAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Zanuttigh
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kevork Derderian
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Miriam A. Güra
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Arie Geerlof
- Protein Expression and Purification Facility, Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ivano Di Meo
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavestro
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefan Hempfling
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Stephanie Ortiz-Collazos
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Mario Mauthe
- Molecular Cell Biology Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tomasz Kmieć
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eugenia Cammarota
- Alembic, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Panzeri
- Alembic, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ana C. Messias
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Arcangela Iuso
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence:
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11
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Interactions of dopamine, iron, and alpha-synuclein linked to dopaminergic neuron vulnerability in Parkinson's disease and neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 175:105920. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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12
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Etherington GJ, Ciezarek A, Shaw R, Michaux J, Croose E, Haerty W, Di Palma F. Extensive genome introgression between domestic ferret and European polecat during population recovery in Great Britain. J Hered 2022; 113:500-515. [PMID: 35932226 PMCID: PMC9584812 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The European polecat (Mustela putorius) is a mammalian predator which occurs across much of Europe east to the Ural Mountains. In Great Britain, following years of persecution the range of the European polecat contracted and by the early 1900s was restricted to unmanaged forests of central Wales. The European polecat has recently undergone a population increase due to legal protection and its range now overlaps that of feral domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). During this range expansion, European polecats hybridized with feral domestic ferrets producing viable offspring. Here, we carry out population-level whole-genome sequencing on 8 domestic ferrets, 19 British European polecats, and 15 European polecats from the European mainland. We used a range of population genomics methods to examine the data, including phylogenetics, phylogenetic graphs, model-based clustering, phylogenetic invariants, ABBA-BABA tests, topology weighting, and Fst. We found high degrees of genome introgression in British polecats outside their previous stronghold, even in those individuals phenotyped as “pure” polecats. These polecats ranged from presumed F1 hybrids (gamma = 0.53) to individuals that were much less introgressed (gamma = 0.2). We quantify this introgression and find introgressed genes containing Fst outliers associated with cognitive function and sight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Ciezarek
- The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Rebecca Shaw
- The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Johan Michaux
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | - Federica Di Palma
- The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,Genome British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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13
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Disengaging the COVID-19 Clutch as a Discerning Eye Over the Inflammatory Circuit During SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Inflammation 2022; 45:1875-1894. [PMID: 35639261 PMCID: PMC9153229 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01674-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and leads to multiorgan dysfunction. Mitochondrial dynamics are fundamental to protect against environmental insults, but they are highly susceptible to viral infections. Defective mitochondria are potential sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Infection with SARS-CoV-2 damages mitochondria, alters autophagy, reduces nitric oxide (NO), and increases both nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NOX) and ROS. Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exhibited activated toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD-), leucine-rich repeat (LRR-), pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The activation of TLRs and NLRP3 by SARS‐CoV‐2 induces interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1β, IL-18, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Herein, we outline the inflammatory circuit of COVID-19 and what occurs behind the scene, the interplay of NOX/ROS and their role in hypoxia and thrombosis, and the important role of ROS scavengers to reduce COVID-19-related inflammation.
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14
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Cerebral Iron Deposition in Neurodegeneration. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050714. [PMID: 35625641 PMCID: PMC9138489 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of cerebral iron regulation appears to have a role in aging and in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders. Possible unfavorable impacts of iron accumulation include reactive oxygen species generation, induction of ferroptosis, and acceleration of inflammatory changes. Whole-brain iron-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques allow the examination of macroscopic patterns of brain iron deposits in vivo, while modern analytical methods ex vivo enable the determination of metal-specific content inside individual cell-types, sometimes also within specific cellular compartments. The present review summarizes the whole brain, cellular, and subcellular patterns of iron accumulation in neurodegenerative diseases of genetic and sporadic origin. We also provide an update on mechanisms, biomarkers, and effects of brain iron accumulation in these disorders, focusing on recent publications. In Parkinson’s disease, Friedreich’s disease, and several disorders within the neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation group, there is a focal siderosis, typically in regions with the most pronounced neuropathological changes. The second group of disorders including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis shows iron accumulation in the globus pallidus, caudate, and putamen, and in specific cortical regions. Yet, other disorders such as aceruloplasminemia, neuroferritinopathy, or Wilson disease manifest with diffuse iron accumulation in the deep gray matter in a pattern comparable to or even more extensive than that observed during normal aging. On the microscopic level, brain iron deposits are present mostly in dystrophic microglia variably accompanied by iron-laden macrophages and in astrocytes, implicating a role of inflammatory changes and blood–brain barrier disturbance in iron accumulation. Options and potential benefits of iron reducing strategies in neurodegeneration are discussed. Future research investigating whether genetic predispositions play a role in brain Fe accumulation is necessary. If confirmed, the prevention of further brain Fe uptake in individuals at risk may be key for preventing neurodegenerative disorders.
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15
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Kushnareva Y, Moraes V, Suess J, Peters B, Newmeyer DD, Kuwana T. Disruption of mitochondrial quality control genes promotes caspase-resistant cell survival following apoptotic stimuli. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101835. [PMID: 35304098 PMCID: PMC9018395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In cells undergoing cell-intrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) typically marks an irreversible step in the cell death process. However, in some cases, a subpopulation of treated cells can exhibit a sublethal response, termed "minority MOMP." In this phenomenon, the affected cells survive, despite a low level of caspase activation and subsequent limited activation of the endonuclease caspase-activated DNase (DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta). Consequently, these cells can experience DNA damage, increasing the probability of oncogenesis. However, little is known about the minority MOMP response. To discover genes that affect the MOMP response in individual cells, we conducted an imaging-based phenotypic siRNA screen. We identified multiple candidate genes whose downregulation increased the heterogeneity of MOMP within single cells, among which were genes related to mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy that participate in the mitochondrial quality control (MQC) system. Furthermore, to test the hypothesis that functional MQC is important for reducing the frequency of minority MOMP, we developed an assay to measure the clonogenic survival of caspase-engaged cells. We found that cells deficient in various MQC genes were indeed prone to aberrant post-MOMP survival. Our data highlight the important role of proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in preventing apoptotic dysregulation and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kushnareva
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Vivian Moraes
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Julian Suess
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Bjoern Peters
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Donald D Newmeyer
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tomomi Kuwana
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.
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16
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Shao C, Zhu J, Ma X, Siedlak SL, Cohen ML, Lerner A, Wang W. C19orf12 ablation causes ferroptosis in mitochondrial membrane protein-associated with neurodegeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 182:23-33. [PMID: 35182730 PMCID: PMC8957567 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated with neurodegeneration (MPAN) is a rare genetic disease characterized by aggressive neurodegeneration and massive iron accumulation in patients' brains. Genetics studies identified defects in C19orf12 locus being associated with MPAN which likely caused loss of function although underlying pathogenic mechanism(s) remain elusive. In the present study, we investigated C19orf12 knockout (KO) M17 neuronal cells and primary skin fibroblasts from MPAN patients with C19orf12 homozygous G58S or heterozygous C19orf12 p99fs*102 mutations as cellular models of MPAN. C19orf12 KO cells and MPAN fibroblast cells demonstrated mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction, iron overload and increased oxidative damage. Antioxidant NAC and iron chelator DFO rescued both oxidative stress and mitochondrial deficits. Moreover, C19orf12 KO cells and MPAN fibroblast cells were susceptible to erastin- or RSL3-induced ferroptosis which could be almost completely prevented by pretreatment of iron chelator DFO. Importantly, we also found mitochondrial fragmentation and increased ferroptosis related oxidative damage in neurons in the biopsied cortical tissues from an MPAN patient. Collectively, these results supported the notion that iron overload and ferroptosis likely play an important role in the pathogenesis of MPAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjuan Shao
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Julia Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Hathaway Brown School, Shaker Heights, OH, USA
| | - Xiaopin Ma
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sandra L Siedlak
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mark L Cohen
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alan Lerner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Beachwood, OH, USA
| | - Wenzhang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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17
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Towards Precision Therapies for Inherited Disorders of Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y) 2021; 11:51. [PMID: 34909266 PMCID: PMC8641530 DOI: 10.5334/tohm.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) disorders comprise a group of rare but devastating inherited neurological diseases with unifying features of progressive cognitive and motor decline, and increased iron deposition in the basal ganglia. Although at present there are no proven disease-modifying treatments, the severe nature of these monogenic disorders lends to consideration of personalized medicine strategies, including targeted gene therapy. In this review we summarize the progress and future direction towards precision therapies for NBIA disorders. Methods: This review considered all relevant publications up to April 2021 using a systematic search strategy of PubMed and clinical trials databases. Results: We review what is currently known about the underlying pathophysiology of NBIA disorders, common NBIA disease pathways, and how this knowledge has influenced current management strategies and clinical trial design. The safety profile, efficacy and clinical outcome of clinical studies are reviewed. Furthermore, the potential for future therapeutic approaches is also discussed. Discussion: Therapeutic options in NBIAs remain very limited, with no proven disease-modifying treatments at present. However, a number of different approaches are currently under development with increasing focus on targeted precision therapies. Recent advances in the field give hope that novel strategies, such as gene therapy, gene editing and substrate replacement therapies are both scientifically and financially feasible for these conditions. Highlights This article provides an up-to-date review of the current literature about Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA), with a focus on disease pathophysiology, current and previously trialed therapies, and future treatments in development, including consideration of potential genetic therapy approaches.
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18
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[Research advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2021. [PMID: 34130790 PMCID: PMC8213993 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2103149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is a group of rare neurogenetic degenerative diseases caused by genetic mutations and characterized by iron deposition in the central nervous system, especially in the basal ganglia, with an overall incidence rate of 2/1 000 000-3/1 000 000. Major clinical manifestations are extrapyramidal symptoms. This disease is presently classified into 14 different subtypes based on different pathogenic genes, and its pathogenesis and treatment remain unclear. This article summarizes the research advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of NBIA, so as to help pediatricians understand this disease and provide a reference for subsequent research on treatment.
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19
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Fraser S, Koenig M, Farach L, Mancias P, Mowrey K. A De Novo case of autosomal dominant mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1706. [PMID: 34041867 PMCID: PMC8372066 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial membrane protein‐associated neurodegeneration (MPAN) is a genetic neurodegenerative condition previously thought to be inherited only in an autosomal recessive pattern through biallelic pathogenic variants in C19orf12. Recent evidence has proposed that MPAN can also follow autosomal dominant forms of inheritance. We present a case of a de novo pathogenic variant in C19orf12 identified in a female with clinical features consistent with a diagnosis of MPAN, adding further evidence that the disease can be inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. Methods A 17‐year‐old Hispanic female was born to non‐consanguineous healthy parents. She developed progressive muscle weakness and dystonia beginning when she was 12 years old. Trio, whole‐exome sequencing with mitochondrial genome sequencing, and deletion/duplication analysis of both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes was performed in December 2019. Results Whole‐exome sequencing analysis revealed a single de novo variant in C19orf12. The specific variant is c.256C>T (p.Q86X) located in exon 3. Conclusion Our clinical report provides further clinical evidence that MPAN can be inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive fashion. The patient's age of onset and clinical symptoms are very similar to the previous patient published with this specific variant as well as others with heterozygous pathogenic variants in C19orf12 in Gregory et al. 2019. Our case report highlights the importance of considering both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive version of MPAN with all patients demonstrating clinical features suggestive of MPAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Fraser
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mary Koenig
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laura Farach
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pedro Mancias
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kate Mowrey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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Iankova V, Karin I, Klopstock T, Schneider SA. Emerging Disease-Modifying Therapies in Neurodegeneration With Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA) Disorders. Front Neurol 2021; 12:629414. [PMID: 33935938 PMCID: PMC8082061 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.629414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA) is a heterogeneous group of progressive neurodegenerative diseases characterized by iron deposition in the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra. As of today, 15 distinct monogenetic disease entities have been identified. The four most common forms are pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN), phospholipase A2 group VI (PLA2G6)-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN), beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN) and mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN). Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation disorders present with a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms such as movement disorder signs (dystonia, parkinsonism, chorea), pyramidal involvement (e.g., spasticity), speech disorders, cognitive decline, psychomotor retardation, and ocular abnormalities. Treatment remains largely symptomatic but new drugs are in the pipeline. In this review, we discuss the rationale of new compounds, summarize results from clinical trials, provide an overview of important results in cell lines and animal models and discuss the future development of disease-modifying therapies for NBIA disorders. A general mechanistic approach for treatment of NBIA disorders is with iron chelators which bind and remove iron. Few studies investigated the effect of deferiprone in PKAN, including a recent placebo-controlled double-blind multicenter trial, demonstrating radiological improvement with reduction of iron load in the basal ganglia and a trend to slowing of disease progression. Disease-modifying strategies address the specific metabolic pathways of the affected enzyme. Such tailor-made approaches include provision of an alternative substrate (e.g., fosmetpantotenate or 4′-phosphopantetheine for PKAN) in order to bypass the defective enzyme. A recent randomized controlled trial of fosmetpantotenate, however, did not show any significant benefit of the drug as compared to placebo, leading to early termination of the trials' extension phase. 4′-phosphopantetheine showed promising results in animal models and a clinical study in patients is currently underway. Another approach is the activation of other enzyme isoforms using small molecules (e.g., PZ-2891 in PKAN). There are also compounds which counteract downstream cellular effects. For example, deuterated polyunsaturated fatty acids (D-PUFA) may reduce mitochondrial lipid peroxidation in PLAN. In infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (a subtype of PLAN), desipramine may be repurposed as it blocks ceramide accumulation. Gene replacement therapy is still in a preclinical stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilena Iankova
- Department of Neurology With Friedrich Baur Institute, University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ivan Karin
- Department of Neurology With Friedrich Baur Institute, University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology With Friedrich Baur Institute, University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne A Schneider
- Department of Neurology With Friedrich Baur Institute, University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Mignani L, Zizioli D, Borsani G, Monti E, Finazzi D. The Downregulation of c19orf12 Negatively Affects Neuronal and Musculature Development in Zebrafish Embryos. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:596069. [PMID: 33425903 PMCID: PMC7785858 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.596069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane Protein Associated Neurodegeneration (MPAN) is a rare genetic disorder due to mutations in C19orf12 gene. In most cases, the disorder is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait and the main clinical features are progressive spastic para/tetraparesis, dystonia, motor axonal neuropathy, parkinsonisms, psychiatric symptoms, and optic atrophy. Besides iron accumulation in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra, the neuropathology shows features also observed in Parkinson’s Disease brains, such as α-synuclein-positive Lewy bodies and hyperphosphorylated tau. Mutations in the gene have been found in other neurodegenerative disorders, including PD, hereditary spastic paraplegia, pallido-pyramidal syndrome, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The biological function of C19orf12 gene is poorly defined. In humans, it codes for two protein isoforms: the longer one is present in mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and contact regions between mitochondria and ER. Mutations in the gene appear to be linked to defects in mitochondrial activity, lipid metabolism and autophagy/mitophagy. To increase the available tools for the investigation of MPAN pathogenesis, we generated a new animal model in zebrafish embryos. The zebrafish genome contains four co-orthologs of human C19orf12. One of them, located on chromosome 18, is expressed at higher levels at early stages of development. We downregulated its expression by microinjecting embryos with a specific ATG-blocking morpholino, and we analyzed embryonal development. Most embryos showed morphological defects such as unsettled brain morphology, with smaller head and eyes, reduced yolk extension, tilted and thinner tail. The severity of the defects progressively increased and all injected embryos died within 7 days post fertilization. Appropriate controls confirmed the specificity of the observed phenotype. Changes in the expression and distribution of neural markers documented a defective neuronal development, particularly evident in the eyes, the optic tectum, the midbrain-hindbrain boundary; Rohon Beard and dorsal root ganglia neurons were also affected. Phalloidin staining evidenced a significant perturbation of musculature formation that was associated with defective locomotor behavior. These data are consistent with the clinical features of MPAN and support the validity of the model to investigate the pathogenesis of the disease and evaluate molecules with potential therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mignani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Zizioli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Borsani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eugenio Monti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Dario Finazzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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22
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Hinarejos I, Machuca C, Sancho P, Espinós C. Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA). Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9101020. [PMID: 33092153 PMCID: PMC7589120 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The syndromes of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) encompass a group of invalidating and progressive rare diseases that share the abnormal accumulation of iron in the basal ganglia. The onset of NBIA disorders ranges from infancy to adulthood. Main clinical signs are related to extrapyramidal features (dystonia, parkinsonism and choreoathetosis), and neuropsychiatric abnormalities. Ten NBIA forms are widely accepted to be caused by mutations in the genes PANK2, PLA2G6, WDR45, C19ORF12, FA2H, ATP13A2, COASY, FTL1, CP, and DCAF17. Nonetheless, many patients remain without a conclusive genetic diagnosis, which shows that there must be additional as yet undiscovered NBIA genes. In line with this, isolated cases of known monogenic disorders, and also, new genetic diseases, which present with abnormal brain iron phenotypes compatible with NBIA, have been described. Several pathways are involved in NBIA syndromes: iron and lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, and autophagy. However, many neurodegenerative conditions share features such as mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, given the bioenergetics requirements of neurons. This review aims to describe the existing link between the classical ten NBIA forms by examining their connection with mitochondrial impairment as well as oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Hinarejos
- Unit of Genetics and Genomics of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.); (C.M.); (P.S.)
- Rare Diseases Joint Units, CIPF-IIS La Fe & INCLIVA, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Candela Machuca
- Unit of Genetics and Genomics of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.); (C.M.); (P.S.)
- Rare Diseases Joint Units, CIPF-IIS La Fe & INCLIVA, 46012 Valencia, Spain
- Unit of Stem Cells Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Sancho
- Unit of Genetics and Genomics of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.); (C.M.); (P.S.)
- Rare Diseases Joint Units, CIPF-IIS La Fe & INCLIVA, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Espinós
- Unit of Genetics and Genomics of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.); (C.M.); (P.S.)
- Rare Diseases Joint Units, CIPF-IIS La Fe & INCLIVA, 46012 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Genetics, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-289-680
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Mori A, Imai Y, Hattori N. Lipids: Key Players That Modulate α-Synuclein Toxicity and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093301. [PMID: 32392751 PMCID: PMC7247581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease; it is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain and the accumulation of neuronal inclusions, mainly consisting of α-synuclein (α-syn) fibrils in the affected regions. The prion-like property of the pathological forms of α-syn transmitted via neuronal circuits has been considered inherent in the nature of PD. Thus, one of the potential targets in terms of PD prevention is the suppression of α-syn conversion from the functional form to pathological forms. Recent studies suggested that α-syn interacts with synaptic vesicle membranes and modulate the synaptic functions. A series of studies suggest that transient interaction of α-syn as multimers with synaptic vesicle membranes composed of phospholipids and other lipids is required for its physiological function, while an α-syn-lipid interaction imbalance is believed to cause α-syn aggregation and the resultant pathological α-syn conversion. Altered lipid metabolisms have also been implicated in the modulation of PD pathogenesis. This review focuses on the current literature reporting the role of lipids, especially phospholipids, and lipid metabolism in α-syn dynamics and aggregation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Mori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Yuzuru Imai
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
- Department of Research for Parkinson’s Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.I.); (N.H.); Tel.: +81-3-6801-8332 (Y.I. & N.H.)
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
- Department of Research for Parkinson’s Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.I.); (N.H.); Tel.: +81-3-6801-8332 (Y.I. & N.H.)
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Oxidative Stress, a Crossroad Between Rare Diseases and Neurodegeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040313. [PMID: 32326494 PMCID: PMC7222183 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between production and accumulation of oxygen reactive species and/or reactive nitrogen species in cells and tissues, and the capacity of detoxifying these products, using enzymatic and non-enzymatic components, such as glutathione. Oxidative stress plays roles in several pathological processes in the nervous system, such as neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation, ischemic stroke, and neurodegeneration. The concepts of oxidative stress and rare diseases were formulated in the eighties, and since then, the link between them has not stopped growing. The present review aims to expand knowledge in the pathological processes associated with oxidative stress underlying some groups of rare diseases: Friedreich’s ataxia, diseases with neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation, Charcot-Marie-Tooth as an example of rare neuromuscular disorders, inherited retinal dystrophies, progressive myoclonus epilepsies, and pediatric drug-resistant epilepsies. Despite the discrimination between cause and effect may not be easy on many occasions, all these conditions are Mendelian rare diseases that share oxidative stress as a common factor, and this may represent a potential target for therapies.
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Zatyka M, Sarkar S, Barrett T. Autophagy in Rare (NonLysosomal) Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:2735-2753. [PMID: 32087199 PMCID: PMC7232014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) comprise conditions with impaired neuronal function and loss and may be associated with a build-up of aggregated proteins with altered physicochemical properties (misfolded proteins). There are many disorders, and causes include gene mutations, infections, or exposure to toxins. The autophagy pathway is involved in the removal of unwanted proteins and organelles through lysosomes. While lysosomal storage disorders have been described for many years, it is now recognised that perturbations of the autophagy pathway itself can also lead to neurodegenerative disease. These include monogenic disorders of key proteins involved in the autophagy pathway, and disorders within pathways that critically control autophagy through monitoring of the supply of nutrients (mTORC1 pathway) or of energy supply in cells (AMPK pathway). This review focuses on childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorders with perturbed autophagy, due to defects in the autophagy pathway, or in upstream signalling via mTORC1 and AMPK. The review first provides a short description of autophagy, as related to neurons. It then examines the extended role of autophagy in neuronal function, plasticity, and memory. There follows a description of each step of the autophagy pathway in greater detail, illustrated with examples of diseases grouped by the stage of their perturbation of the pathway. Each disease is accompanied by a short clinical description, to illustrate the diversity but also the overlap of symptoms caused by perturbation of key proteins necessary for the proper functioning of autophagy. Finally, there is a consideration of current challenges that need addressing for future therapeutic advances. Autophagy is an important pathway for the removal of misfolded proteins from terminally differentiated neurons. Monogenic defects in autophagy cause childhood-onset neurodegeneration. Defects in different stages of the pathway may present with overlapping clinical features. Increasing autophagic flux may be a therapeutic strategy to treat many autophagic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Zatyka
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Sovan Sarkar
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Timothy Barrett
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Department of Endocrinology, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK.
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26
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Hong S, Zhang X, Lake RJ, Pawel GT, Guo Z, Pei R, Lu Y. A photo-regulated aptamer sensor for spatiotemporally controlled monitoring of ATP in the mitochondria of living cells. Chem Sci 2019; 11:713-720. [PMID: 34123044 PMCID: PMC8145946 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04773e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent aptamer sensors have shown enormous potential for intracellular imaging of small molecule metabolites. Since metabolites distribute differently at different subcellular locations and their concentrations and locations fluctuate with time, methods are needed for spatiotemporally controlled monitoring of these metabolites. Built upon previous success in temporal control of aptamer-based sensors, we herein report an aptamer sensor containing a photocleavable linker and using DQAsomes to target mitochondria for spatiotemporally controlled monitoring of ATP in the mitochondria of living cells. The photocleavable modification on the DNA ATP aptamer sensor can prevent sensor activation before reaching mitochondria and the sensor can then be activated upon light irradiation. The sensor has a detection limit of 3.7 μM and high selectivity against other nucleotides, allowing detection of ATP concentration fluctuations in mitochondria induced by Ca2+ or oligomycin. This work represents the first successful delivery of a DNA aptamer sensor to mitochondria, providing a new platform for targeted delivery to subcellular organelles for monitoring energy producing processes, as well as mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases in different cells. A photo-regulated ATP sensor coupled with cationic DQAsomes is developed for spatiotemporally controlled imaging of ATP in the mitochondria of living cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanni Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China .,Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Ryan J Lake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA .,DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Gregory T Pawel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA .,DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Renjun Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA .,DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
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27
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Recent Insights into the Mitochondrial Role in Autophagy and Its Regulation by Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3809308. [PMID: 31781334 PMCID: PMC6875203 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3809308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-digestive process that degrades intracellular components, including damaged organelles, to maintain energy homeostasis and to cope with cellular stress. Autophagy plays a key role during development and adult tissue homeostasis, and growing evidence indicates that this catalytic process also has a direct role in modulating aging. Although autophagy is essentially protective, depending on the cellular context and stimuli, autophagy outcome can lead to either abnormal cell growth or cell death. The autophagic process requires a tight regulation, with cellular events following distinct stages and governed by a wide molecular machinery. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been involved in autophagy regulation through multiple signaling pathways, and mitochondria, the main source of endogenous ROS, have emerged as essential signal transducers that mediate autophagy. In the present review, we aim to summarize the regulatory function of mitochondria in the autophagic process, particularly regarding the mitochondrial role as the coordination node in the autophagy signaling pathway, involving mitochondrial oxidative stress, and their participation as membrane donors in the initial steps of autophagosome assembly.
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Parkinson's disease-associated iPLA2-VIA/PLA2G6 regulates neuronal functions and α-synuclein stability through membrane remodeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:20689-20699. [PMID: 31548400 PMCID: PMC6789907 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1902958116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of α-synuclein aggregation and subsequent Lewy body formation are a key pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). PARK14-linked PD, which is caused by mutations of the iPLA2-VIA/PLA2G6 gene, exhibits a marked Lewy body pathology. iPLA2-VIA, which belongs to the phospholipase A2 family, is another causative gene of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). Here, we demonstrate that iPLA2-VIA loss results in acyl-chain shortening in phospholipids, which affects ER homeostasis and neurotransmission and promotes α-synuclein aggregation. The administration of linoleic acid or the overexpression of C19orf12, one of the NBIA-causative genes, also suppresses the acyl-chain shortening by iPLA2-VIA loss. The rescue of iPLA2-VIA phenotypes by C19orf12 provides significant molecular insight into the underlying common pathogenesis of PD and NBIA. Mutations in the iPLA2-VIA/PLA2G6 gene are responsible for PARK14-linked Parkinson’s disease (PD) with α-synucleinopathy. However, it is unclear how iPLA2-VIA mutations lead to α-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation and dopaminergic (DA) neurodegeneration. Here, we report that iPLA2-VIA–deficient Drosophila exhibits defects in neurotransmission during early developmental stages and progressive cell loss throughout the brain, including degeneration of the DA neurons. Lipid analysis of brain tissues reveals that the acyl-chain length of phospholipids is shortened by iPLA2-VIA loss, which causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through membrane lipid disequilibrium. The introduction of wild-type human iPLA2-VIA or the mitochondria–ER contact site-resident protein C19orf12 in iPLA2-VIA–deficient flies rescues the phenotypes associated with altered lipid composition, ER stress, and DA neurodegeneration, whereas the introduction of a disease-associated missense mutant, iPLA2-VIA A80T, fails to suppress these phenotypes. The acceleration of α-Syn aggregation by iPLA2-VIA loss is suppressed by the administration of linoleic acid, correcting the brain lipid composition. Our findings suggest that membrane remodeling by iPLA2-VIA is required for the survival of DA neurons and α-Syn stability.
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Incecik F, Herguner OM, Bisgin A. Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration: A Case Series of Six Children. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2019; 23:802-804. [PMID: 33688131 PMCID: PMC7900730 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_268_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is a group of genetic disorders with a progressive extrapyramidal syndrome and excessive iron deposition in the brain, particularly in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra. Mitochondrial membrane protein–associated neurodegeneration (MPAN), a subtype of NBIA, is caused by mutation in the orphan gene C19orf12. A slowly progressive gait disorder from generalized dystonia and spasticity and cognitive impairment constitute the main features of MPAN. The C19orf12 p.Thr11Met mutation is frequent among Turkish patients with MPAN. Here, we report the clinical manifestations and genetic study results of six Turkish patients with MPAN due to different mutations from previous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Incecik
- Departments of Pediatric Neurology, AGENTEM, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ozlem M Herguner
- Departments of Pediatric Neurology, AGENTEM, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Atil Bisgin
- Department of Medical Genetics, AGENTEM, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
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30
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Dusek P, Mekle R, Skowronska M, Acosta-Cabronero J, Huelnhagen T, Robinson SD, Schubert F, Deschauer M, Els A, Ittermann B, Schottmann G, Madai VI, Paul F, Klopstock T, Kmiec T, Niendorf T, Wuerfel J, Schneider SA. Brain iron and metabolic abnormalities in C19orf12 mutation carriers: A 7.0 tesla MRI study in mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration. Mov Disord 2019; 35:142-150. [PMID: 31518459 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration is an autosomal-recessive disorder caused by C19orf12 mutations and characterized by iron deposits in the basal ganglia. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to quantify iron concentrations in deep gray matter structures using quantitative susceptibility mapping MRI and to characterize metabolic abnormalities in the pyramidal pathway using 1 H MR spectroscopy in clinically manifesting membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration patients and asymptomatic C19orf12 gene mutation heterozygous carriers. METHODS We present data of 4 clinically affected membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration patients (mean age: 21.0 ± 2.9 years) and 9 heterozygous gene mutation carriers (mean age: 50.4 ± 9.8 years), compared to age-matched healthy controls. MRI assessments were performed on a 7.0 Tesla whole-body system, consisting of whole-brain gradient-echo scans and short echo time, single-volume MR spectroscopy in the white matter of the precentral/postcentral gyrus. Quantitative susceptibility mapping, a surrogate marker for iron concentration, was performed using a state-of-the-art multiscale dipole inversion approach with focus on the globus pallidus, thalamus, putamen, caudate nucleus, and SN. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration patients, magnetic susceptibilities were 2 to 3 times higher in the globus pallidus (P = 0.02) and SN (P = 0.02) compared to controls. In addition, significantly higher magnetic susceptibility was observed in the caudate nucleus (P = 0.02). Non-manifesting heterozygous mutation carriers exhibited significantly increased magnetic susceptibility (relative to controls) in the putamen (P = 0.003) and caudate nucleus (P = 0.001), which may be an endophenotypic marker of genetic heterozygosity. MR spectroscopy revealed significantly increased levels of glutamate, taurine, and the combined concentration of glutamate and glutamine in membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration, which may be a correlate of corticospinal pathway dysfunction frequently observed in membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration patients. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Dusek
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Radiology, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ralf Mekle
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany.,Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marta Skowronska
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julio Acosta-Cabronero
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Till Huelnhagen
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Daniel Robinson
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Schubert
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Deschauer
- Department of Neurology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Antje Els
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Gudrun Schottmann
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vince I Madai
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology with Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Tomasz Kmiec
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Wuerfel
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Medical Image Analysis Center and Department Biomedical Engineering, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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31
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Wang ZB, Liu JY, Xu XJ, Mao XY, Zhang W, Zhou HH, Liu ZQ. Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation: Insights into the mitochondria dysregulation. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109068. [PMID: 31404774 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
NBIA (Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation) is a group of inherited neurologic disorders characterized by marked genetic heterogeneity, in which iron atypical accumulates in basal ganglia resulting in brain magnetic resonance imaging changes, histopathological abnormalities, and neuropsychiatric clinical symptoms. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, ten candidate genes have been identified, including PANK2, PLA2G6, C19orf12, WDR45, FA2H, ATP13A2, FTL, CP, C2orf37, and COASY. They are involved in seemingly unrelated cellular pathways, such as iron homeostasis (FTL, CP), lipid metabolism (PLA2G6, C19orf12, FA2H), Coenzyme A synthesis (PANK2, COASY), and autophagy (WDR45, ATP13A2). In particular, PANK2, COASY, PLA2G6, and C19orf12 are located on mitochondria, which associate with certain subtypes of NBIA showing mitochondria dysregulation. However, the relationships among those four genes are still unclear. Therefore, this review is specifically focused on dysregulation of mitochondria in NBIA and afore-mentioned four genes, with summaries of both pathological and clinical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Wang
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jing Xu
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Mao
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, PR China.
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32
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Zhu Y, Runwal G, Obrocki P, Rubinsztein DC. Autophagy in childhood neurological disorders. Dev Med Child Neurol 2019; 61:639-645. [PMID: 30417343 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a tightly modulated lysosomal degradation pathway. Genetic disorders of autophagy during nervous system development may lead to developmental delay, neurodegeneration, and other neurological signs in children. Here we aimed to summarize single gene disorders that perturb various steps of autophagy pathway and their roles in the causation of childhood neurological diseases. Numerous childhood-onset disorders are caused by mutations that impact the autophagy pathway. These can manifest with a range of features including ataxia, spastic paraplegia, and intellectual disability. Defective proteins causing such diseases can interfere with autophagy flux at different stages of the itinerary. Defective autophagy may be an important contributor to the pathological features of various childhood neurodegenerative diseases and lead to the accumulation of aberrant protein and dysfunctional organelles. Insights into the relevant cell biological processes may help understand pathophysiological mechanisms and inspire autophagy-restoring therapeutic approaches. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: Numerous childhood-onset disorders are caused by mutations that impact the autophagy pathway. Defective autophagy is a feature of some mutations that cause ataxia, spastic paraplegia, and intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gautam Runwal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pawel Obrocki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, Wellcome Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
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33
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Leal-Gutiérrez JD, Elzo MA, Johnson DD, Hamblen H, Mateescu RG. Genome wide association and gene enrichment analysis reveal membrane anchoring and structural proteins associated with meat quality in beef. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:151. [PMID: 30791866 PMCID: PMC6385435 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5518-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meat quality related phenotypes are difficult and expensive to measure and predict but are ideal candidates for genomic selection if genetic markers that account for a worthwhile proportion of the phenotypic variation can be identified. The objectives of this study were: 1) to perform genome wide association analyses for Warner-Bratzler Shear Force (WBSF), marbling, cooking loss, tenderness, juiciness, connective tissue and flavor; 2) to determine enriched pathways present in each genome wide association analysis; and 3) to identify potential candidate genes with multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with meat quality. RESULTS The WBSF, marbling and cooking loss traits were measured in longissimus dorsi muscle from 672 steers. Out of these, 495 animals were used to measure tenderness, juiciness, connective tissue and flavor by a sensory panel. All animals were genotyped for 221,077 markers and included in a genome wide association analysis. A total number of 68 genomic regions covering 52 genes were identified using the whole genome association approach; 48% of these genes encode transmembrane proteins or membrane associated molecules. Two enrichment analysis were performed: a tissue restricted gene enrichment applying a correlation analysis between raw associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by trait, and a functional classification analysis performed using the DAVID Bioinformatic Resources 6.8 server. The tissue restricted gene enrichment approach identified eleven pathways including "Endoplasmic reticulum membrane" that influenced multiple traits simultaneously. The DAVID functional classification analysis uncovered eleven clusters related to transmembrane or structural proteins. A gene network was constructed where the number of raw associated uncorrelated SNPs for each gene across all traits was used as a weight. A multiple SNP association analysis was performed for the top five most connected genes in the gene-trait network. The gene network identified the EVC2, ANXA10 and PKHD1 genes as potentially harboring multiple QTLs. Polymorphisms identified in structural proteins can modulate two different processes with direct effect on meat quality: in vivo myocyte cytoskeletal organization and postmortem proteolysis. CONCLUSION The main result from the present analysis is the uncovering of several candidate genes associated with meat quality that have structural function in the skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauricio A. Elzo
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - D. Dwain Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Heather Hamblen
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Raluca G. Mateescu
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
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Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation Disorders: Valuable Models Aimed at Understanding the Pathogenesis of Iron Deposition. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12010027. [PMID: 30744104 PMCID: PMC6469182 DOI: 10.3390/ph12010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is a set of neurodegenerative disorders, which includes very rare monogenetic diseases. They are heterogeneous in regard to the onset and the clinical symptoms, while the have in common a specific brain iron deposition in the region of the basal ganglia that can be visualized by radiological and histopathological examinations. Nowadays, 15 genes have been identified as causative for NBIA, of which only two code for iron-proteins, while all the other causative genes codify for proteins not involved in iron management. Thus, how iron participates to the pathogenetic mechanism of most NBIA remains unclear, essentially for the lack of experimental models that fully recapitulate the human phenotype. In this review we reported the recent data on new models of these disorders aimed at highlight the still scarce knowledge of the pathogenesis of iron deposition.
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Iron Pathophysiology in Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1173:153-177. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9589-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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36
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Dušek P, Školoudík D, Roth J, Dušek P. Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration: a case report and literature review. Neurocase 2018; 24:161-165. [PMID: 30088953 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2018.1506038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation in the C19orf12 gene. We report a compound heterozygous c.[32C>T];[205G>A;424A>G] (p.[Thr11Met];[Gly69Arg;Lys142Glu]) Czech patient who manifested with right foot dystonia, impaired handwriting, attention deficit, and signs of iron accumulation on brain MRI. Gradually, he developed dysarthria, spastic-dystonic gait, pedes cavi, and atrophy of leg muscles. Additionally, we report demographic parameters, clinical signs, and allelic frequencies of C19orf12 mutations of all published MPAN cases. We compared the most frequent mutations, p.Thr11Met and p.Gly69ArgfsX10; the latter was associated with younger age at onset and more frequent optic atrophy in homozygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Dušek
- a Department of Neurology, Centre of Clinical Neurosciences, 1st Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and General University Hospital , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - David Školoudík
- b Center of Research and Science, Faculty of Health Sciences , Palacký University , Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Jan Roth
- a Department of Neurology, Centre of Clinical Neurosciences, 1st Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and General University Hospital , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dušek
- a Department of Neurology, Centre of Clinical Neurosciences, 1st Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and General University Hospital , Prague , Czech Republic.,c Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine , Charles Universityand GeneralUniversity Hospital in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
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Di Meo I, Tiranti V. Classification and molecular pathogenesis of NBIA syndromes. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2018; 22:272-284. [PMID: 29409688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain iron accumulation is the hallmark of a group of seriously invalidating and progressive rare diseases collectively denominated Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA), characterized by movement disorder, painful dystonia, parkinsonism, mental disability and early death. Currently there is no established therapy available to slow down or reverse the progression of these conditions. Several genes have been identified as responsible for NBIA but only two encode for proteins playing a direct role in iron metabolism. The other genes encode for proteins either with various functions in lipid metabolism, lysosomal activity and autophagic processes or with still unknown roles. The different NBIA subtypes have been classified and denominated on the basis of the mutated genes and, despite genetic heterogeneity, some of them code for proteins, which share or converge on common metabolic pathways. In the last ten years, the implementation of genetic screening based on Whole Exome Sequencing has greatly accelerated gene discovery, nevertheless our knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the NBIA syndromes is still largely incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivano Di Meo
- Unit of Molecular Neurogenetics, Pierfranco and Luisa Mariani Centre for the Study of Mitochondrial Disorders in Children, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute C. Besta, Via Temolo 4, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Tiranti
- Unit of Molecular Neurogenetics, Pierfranco and Luisa Mariani Centre for the Study of Mitochondrial Disorders in Children, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute C. Besta, Via Temolo 4, 20126, Milan, Italy.
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38
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An in silico argument for mitochondrial microRNA as a determinant of primary non function in liver transplantation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3105. [PMID: 29449571 PMCID: PMC5814406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria have their own genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic machinery but are unable to be autonomous, needing both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. The aim of this work was to use computational biology to explore the involvement of Mitochondrial microRNAs (MitomiRs) and their interactions with the mitochondrial proteome in a clinical model of primary non function (PNF) of the donor after cardiac death (DCD) liver. Archival array data on the differential expression of miRNA in DCD PNF was re-analyzed using a number of publically available computational algorithms. 10 MitomiRs were identified of importance in DCD PNF, 7 with predicted interaction of their seed sequence with the mitochondrial transcriptome that included both coding, and non coding areas of the hypervariability region 1 (HVR1) and control region. Considering miRNA regulation of the nuclear encoded mitochondrial proteome, 7 hypothetical small proteins were identified with homolog function that ranged from co-factor for formation of ATP Synthase, REDOX balance and an importin/exportin protein. In silico, unconventional seed interactions, both non canonical and alternative seed sites, appear to be of greater importance in MitomiR regulation of the mitochondrial genome. Additionally, a number of novel small proteins of relevance in transplantation have been identified which need further characterization.
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39
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Tummamunkong P, Jaree P, Tassanakajon A, Somboonwiwat K. WSSV-responsive gene expression under the influence of PmVRP15 suppression. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 72:86-94. [PMID: 29017938 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The viral responsive protein 15 from black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (PmVRP15), is highly up-regulated and produced in the hemocytes of shrimp with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. To investigate the differential expression of genes from P. monodon hemocytes that are involved in WSSV infection under the influence of PmVRP15 expression, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) of PmVRP15-silenced shrimp infected with WSSV was performed. The 189 cDNA clones of the forward library were generated by subtracting the cDNAs from WSSV-infected and PmVRP15 knockdown shrimp with cDNAs from WSSV-infected and GFP knockdown shrimp. For the opposite subtraction, the 176 cDNA clones in the reverse library was an alternative set of genes in WSSV-infected shrimp hemocytes in the presence of PmVRP15 expression. The abundant genes in forward SSH library had a defense/homeostasis of 26%, energy/metabolism of 23% and in the reverse SSH library a hypothetical protein with unknown function was found (30%). The differential expressed immune-related genes from each library were selected for expression analysis using qRT-PCR. All selected genes from the forward library showed high up-regulation in the WSSV-challenged PmVRP15 knockdown group as expected. Interestingly, PmHHAP, a hemocyte homeostasis associated protein, and granulin-like protein, a conserved growth factor, are extremely up-regulated in the absence of PmVRP15 expression in WSSV-infected shrimp. Only transcript level of transglutaminase II, that functions in regulating hematopoietic tissue differentiation and inhibits mature hemocyte production in shrimp, was obviously down-regulated as observed from SSH results. Taken together, our results suggest that PmVRP15 might have a function relevant to hemocyte homeostasis during WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phawida Tummamunkong
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Phattarunda Jaree
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Ilacqua N, Sánchez-Álvarez M, Bachmann M, Costiniti V, Del Pozo MA, Giacomello M. Protein Localization at Mitochondria-ER Contact Sites in Basal and Stress Conditions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2017; 5:107. [PMID: 29312934 PMCID: PMC5733094 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contacts (MERCs) are sites at which the outer mitochondria membrane and the Endoplasmic Reticulum surface run in parallel at a constant distance. The juxtaposition between these organelles determines several intracellular processes such as to name a few, Ca2+ and lipid homeostasis or autophagy. These specific tasks can be exploited thanks to the enrichment (or re-localization) of dedicated proteins at these interfaces. Recent proteomic studies highlight the tissue specific composition of MERCs, but the overall mechanisms that control MERCs plasticity remains unclear. Understanding how proteins are targeted at these sites seems pivotal to clarify such contextual function of MERCs. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on protein localization at MERCs and the possible contribution of the mislocalization of MERCs components to human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Ilacqua
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Miguel Sánchez-Álvarez
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Lab, Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Miguel A Del Pozo
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Lab, Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Tello C, Darling A, Lupo V, Pérez-Dueñas B, Espinós C. On the complexity of clinical and molecular bases of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. Clin Genet 2017; 93:731-740. [PMID: 28542792 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is a group of inherited heterogeneous neurodegenerative rare disorders. These patients present with dystonia, spasticity, parkinsonism and neuropsychiatric disturbances, along with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of iron accumulation. In sum, they are devastating disorders and to date, there is no specific treatment. Ten NBIA genes are accepted: PANK2, PLA2G6, C19orf12, COASY, FA2H, ATP13A2, WDR45, FTL, CP, and DCAF17; and nonetheless, a relevant percentage of patients remain without genetic diagnosis, suggesting that other novel NBIA genes remain to be discovered. Overlapping complex clinical pictures render an accurate differential diagnosis difficult. Little is known about the pathophysiology of NBIAs. The reported NBIA genes take part in a variety of pathways: CoA synthesis, lipid and iron metabolism, autophagy, and membrane remodeling. The next-generation sequencing revolution has achieved relevant advances in genetics of Mendelian diseases and provide new genes for NBIAs, which are investigated according to 2 main strategies: genes involved in disorders with similar phenotype and genes that play a role in a pathway of interest. To achieve an effective therapy for NBIA patients, a better understanding of the biological process underlying disease is crucial, moving toward a new age of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tello
- Unit of Genetics and Genomics of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
| | - A Darling
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.,Unit U703, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Lupo
- Unit of Genetics and Genomics of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
| | - B Pérez-Dueñas
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.,Unit U703, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Espinós
- Unit of Genetics and Genomics of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
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Evers C, Seitz A, Assmann B, Opladen T, Karch S, Hinderhofer K, Granzow M, Paramasivam N, Eils R, Diessl N, Bartram CR, Moog U. Diagnosis of CoPAN by whole exome sequencing: Waking up a sleeping tiger's eye. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:1878-1886. [PMID: 28489334 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by iron accumulation in the basal ganglia. Recently, mutations in CoA synthase (COASY) have been identified as a cause of a novel NBIA subtype (COASY Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration, CoPAN) in two patients with dystonic paraparesis, parkinsonian features, cognitive impairment, behavior abnormalities, and axonal neuropathy. COASY encodes an enzyme required for Coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis. Using whole exome sequencing (WES) we identified compound heterozygous COASY mutations in two siblings with intellectual disability, ataxic gait, progressive spasticity, and obsessive-compulsive behavior. The "eye-of-the tiger-sign," a characteristic hypointense spot within the hyperintense globi pallidi on MRI found in the most common subtype of NBIA (Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration, PKAN), was not present. Instead, bilateral hyperintensity and swelling of caudate nucleus, putamen, and thalamus were found. In addition, our patients showed a small corpus callosum and frontotemporal and parietal white matter changes, expanding the brain phenotype of patients with CoPAN. Metabolic investigations showed increased free carnitine and decreased acylcarnitines in the patientś dried blood samples. Carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1) deficiency was excluded by further enzymatic and metabolic investigations. As CoA and its derivate Acetyl-CoA play an essential role in fatty acid metabolism, we assume that abnormal acylcarnitine profiles are a result of the COASY mutations. This report not only illustrates that WES is a powerful tool to elucidate the etiology of rare genetic diseases, but also identifies unique neuroimaging and metabolic findings that may be key features for an early diagnosis of CoPAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Evers
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angelika Seitz
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Assmann
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Pediatric Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Opladen
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Pediatric Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Karch
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Pediatric Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Martin Granzow
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nagarajan Paramasivam
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Roland Eils
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB) and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicolle Diessl
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility (GPCF), High Throughput Sequencing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus R Bartram
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Moog
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Deutschländer A, Konno T, Ross OA. Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2017; 39:1-3. [PMID: 28359667 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Deutschländer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.
| | - Takuya Konno
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
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Morais JBS, Severo JS, Santos LRD, de Sousa Melo SR, de Oliveira Santos R, de Oliveira ARS, Cruz KJC, do Nascimento Marreiro D. Role of Magnesium in Oxidative Stress in Individuals with Obesity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 176:20-26. [PMID: 27444303 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0793-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is considered an endocrine organ that promotes excessive production of reactive oxygen species when in excess, thus contributing to lipid peroxidation. Magnesium deficiency contributes to the development of oxidative stress in obese individuals, as this mineral plays a role as an antioxidant, participates as a cofactor of several enzymes, maintains cell membrane stability and mitigates the effects of oxidative stress. The objective of this review is to bring together updated information on the participation of magnesium in the oxidative stress present in obesity. We conducted a search of articles published in the PubMed, SciELO and LILACS databases, using the keywords 'magnesium', 'oxidative stress', 'malondialdehyde', 'superoxide dismutase', 'glutathione peroxidase', 'reactive oxygen species', 'inflammation' and 'obesity'. The studies show that obese subjects have low serum concentrations of magnesium, as well as high concentrations of oxidative stress marker in these individuals. Furthermore, it is evident that the adequate intake of magnesium contributes to its appropriate homeostasis in the body. Thus, this review of current research can help define the need for intervention with supplementation of this mineral for the prevention and treatment of disorders associated with this chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Beatriz Silva Morais
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, 665, Hugo Napoleão st., Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apt°. 2001, Jóquei, Teresina, Piauí, 64048-320, Brazil
| | - Juliana Soares Severo
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, 665, Hugo Napoleão st., Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apt°. 2001, Jóquei, Teresina, Piauí, 64048-320, Brazil
| | - Loanne Rocha Dos Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, 665, Hugo Napoleão st., Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apt°. 2001, Jóquei, Teresina, Piauí, 64048-320, Brazil
| | - Stéfany Rodrigues de Sousa Melo
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, 665, Hugo Napoleão st., Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apt°. 2001, Jóquei, Teresina, Piauí, 64048-320, Brazil
| | - Raisa de Oliveira Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, 665, Hugo Napoleão st., Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apt°. 2001, Jóquei, Teresina, Piauí, 64048-320, Brazil
| | - Ana Raquel Soares de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, 665, Hugo Napoleão st., Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apt°. 2001, Jóquei, Teresina, Piauí, 64048-320, Brazil
| | - Kyria Jayanne Clímaco Cruz
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, 665, Hugo Napoleão st., Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apt°. 2001, Jóquei, Teresina, Piauí, 64048-320, Brazil
| | - Dilina do Nascimento Marreiro
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, 665, Hugo Napoleão st., Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apt°. 2001, Jóquei, Teresina, Piauí, 64048-320, Brazil.
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Dusek P, Schneider SA, Aaseth J. Iron chelation in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2016; 38:81-92. [PMID: 27033472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Disturbance of cerebral iron regulation is almost universal in neurodegenerative disorders. There is a growing body of evidence that increased iron deposits may contribute to degenerative changes. Thus, the effect of iron chelation therapy has been investigated in many neurological disorders including rare genetic syndromes with neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation as well as common sporadic disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of iron in the etiology of neurodegeneration. Outcomes of studies investigating the effect of iron chelation therapy in neurodegenerative disorders are systematically presented in tables. Iron chelators, particularly the blood brain barrier-crossing compound deferiprone, are capable of decreasing cerebral iron in areas with abnormally high concentrations as documented by MRI. Yet, currently, there is no compelling evidence of the clinical effect of iron removal therapy on any neurological disorder. However, several studies indicate that it may prevent or slow down disease progression of several disorders such as aceruloplasminemia, pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration or Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Dusek
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Neuroradiology, University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | | | - Jan Aaseth
- Innlandet Hospital Trust, Kongsvinger, Norway; Hedmark University College, Elverum, Norway
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Kim J, Liao YH, Ionita C, Bale AE, Darras B, Acsadi G. Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration Mimicking Juvenile Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Pediatr Neurol 2016; 64:83-86. [PMID: 27671242 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial membrane protein associated neurodegeneration (MPAN) is the third most common subtype of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) and caused by mutations of the orphan gene C19ORF12 encoding a transmembrane mitochondrial protein. Like other NBIA disorders, the hallmark of neuropathology is iron deposition in the basal ganglia, but the clinical presentation is highly variable. METHODS We present the relevant clinical history, neurological examination, electrophysiological and neuroimaging tests of a currently ten-year-old girl. The genetic analysis was carried out by exome sequencing focused on known NBIA and juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) genes. RESULTS The patient presented at four years of age with progressive lower extremity weakness and generalized hypotonia. She was initially diagnosed with juvenile ALS based on clinical signs, negative brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electromyography findings. As the disease progressed, a repeat brain MRI showed iron deposition in the basal ganglia at nine years of age. Exome sequencing of genes known to be associated with NBIA revealed a compound heterozygous mutation of C19ORF12 gene. CONCLUSIONS A C19orf12 gene mutation should be considered in young children with clinical signs of progressive upper and lower motor neuron disease. Finding iron accumulation in the basal ganglia helps to focus the genetic testing, but it may not be apparent for several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Kim
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Yu-Hsien Liao
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | | | - Allen E Bale
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Basil Darras
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gyula Acsadi
- Children's Medical Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut.
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Gore E, Appleby BS, Cohen ML, DeBrosse SD, Leverenz JB, Miller BL, Siedlak SL, Zhu X, Lerner AJ. Clinical and imaging characteristics of late onset mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN). Neurocase 2016; 22:476-483. [PMID: 27801611 PMCID: PMC5568540 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2016.1247458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Young onset dementias present significant diagnostic challenges. We present the case of a 35-year-old Kuwaiti man with social withdrawal, drowsiness, irritability, anxiety, aphasia, memory loss, hypereflexia, and Parkinsonism. Brain MRI showed bilateral symmetric gradient echo hypointensities in the globi pallidi and substantiae nigrae. Left cortical hypometabolism was seen on brain fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. A cortical brain biopsy revealed a high Lewy body burden. Genetic testing revealed a homozygous p.T11M mutation in the C19orf12 gene consistent with mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration. This is the oldest onset age of MPAN reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Gore
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Beachwood, OH, USA
| | - Brian S. Appleby
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 3619 Park East Drive, Beachwood, OH, USA
| | - Mark L. Cohen
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Suzanne D. DeBrosse
- Departments of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Pediatrics, and Neurology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James B. Leverenz
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bruce L. Miller
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sandra L. Siedlak
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xiongwei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alan J. Lerner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Beachwood, OH, USA
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Zhao H, Liu QS, Geng H, Tian Y, Cheng M, Jiang YH, Xie MS, Niu XG, Jiang F, Zhang YO, Lao YZ, Wu YD, Xu NH, Li ZG. Crosslinked Aspartic Acids as Helix-Nucleating Templates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:12088-93. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201606833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Qi-Song Liu
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Tissue Engineering; The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen; Shenzhen 518035 China
| | - Hao Geng
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yuan Tian
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Min Cheng
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology; Division of Life Science; Shenzhen Graduate School of Tsinghua University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yan-Hong Jiang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Ming-Sheng Xie
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xiao-Gang Niu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Fan Jiang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Ya-Ou Zhang
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology; Division of Life Science; Shenzhen Graduate School of Tsinghua University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Lao
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Nai-Han Xu
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology; Division of Life Science; Shenzhen Graduate School of Tsinghua University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Zi-Gang Li
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
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Zhao H, Liu QS, Geng H, Tian Y, Cheng M, Jiang YH, Xie MS, Niu XG, Jiang F, Zhang YO, Lao YZ, Wu YD, Xu NH, Li ZG. Crosslinked Aspartic Acids as Helix-Nucleating Templates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201606833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Qi-Song Liu
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Tissue Engineering; The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen; Shenzhen 518035 China
| | - Hao Geng
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yuan Tian
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Min Cheng
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology; Division of Life Science; Shenzhen Graduate School of Tsinghua University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yan-Hong Jiang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Ming-Sheng Xie
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xiao-Gang Niu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Fan Jiang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Ya-Ou Zhang
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology; Division of Life Science; Shenzhen Graduate School of Tsinghua University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Lao
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Nai-Han Xu
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology; Division of Life Science; Shenzhen Graduate School of Tsinghua University; Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Zi-Gang Li
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University; Shenzhen 518055 China
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50
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Kinghorn KJ, Castillo-Quan JI. Mitochondrial dysfunction and defects in lipid homeostasis as therapeutic targets in neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. Rare Dis 2016; 4:e1128616. [PMID: 27141409 PMCID: PMC4838319 DOI: 10.1080/21675511.2015.1128616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The PLA2G6 gene encodes a group VIA calcium independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2β), which hydrolyses glycerophospholipids to release fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Mutations in PLA2G6 are associated with a number of neurodegenerative disorders including neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA), infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD), and dystonia parkinsonism, collectively known as PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN). Recently Kinghorn et al. demonstrated in Drosophila and PLA2G6 mutant fibroblasts that loss of normal PLA2G6 activity is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, they were able to show the beneficial effects of deuterated polyunsaturated fatty acids (D-PUFAs), which reduce lipid peroxidation. D-PUFAs were able to rescue the locomotor deficits of flies lacking the fly ortholog of PLA2G6 (iPLA2-VIA), as well as the mitochondrial abnormalities in PLA2G6 mutant fibroblasts. This work demonstrated that the iPLA2-VIA knockout fly is a useful organism to dissect the mechanisms of pathogenesis of PLAN, and that further investigation is required to determine the therapeutic potential of D-PUFAs in patients with PLA2G6 mutations. The fruit fly has also been used to study some of the other genetic causes of NBIA, and here we also describe what is known about the mechanisms of pathogenesis of these NBIA variants. Mitochondrial dysfunction, defects in lipid metabolism, as well as defective Coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis, have all been implicated in some genetic forms of NBIA, including PANK2, CoASY, C12orf19 and FA2H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri J Kinghorn
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Environment and Evolution, University College London, London, UK; Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Jorge Iván Castillo-Quan
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Environment and Evolution, University College London, London, UK; Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK
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