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Bibi A, Bartekova M, Gandhi S, Greco S, Madè A, Sarkar M, Stopa V, Tastsoglou S, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Devaux Y, Emanueli C, Hatzigeorgiou AG, Nossent AY, Zhou Z, Martelli F. Circular RNA regulatory role in pathological cardiac remodelling. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38830749 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodelling involves structural, cellular and molecular alterations in the heart after injury, resulting in progressive loss of heart function and ultimately leading to heart failure. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a recently rediscovered class of non-coding RNAs that play regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure. Thus, a more comprehensive understanding of the role of circRNAs in the processes governing cardiac remodelling may set the ground for the development of circRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. In this review, the current knowledge about circRNA origin, conservation, characteristics and function is summarized. Bioinformatics and wet-lab methods used in circRNA research are discussed. The regulatory function of circRNAs in cardiac remodelling mechanisms such as cell death, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, inflammation, fibrosis and metabolism is highlighted. Finally, key challenges and opportunities in circRNA research are discussed, and orientations for future work to address the pharmacological potential of circRNAs in heart failure are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Bibi
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Monika Bartekova
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Physiology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Shrey Gandhi
- Institute of Immunology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Simona Greco
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Alisia Madè
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Moumita Sarkar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Victoria Stopa
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Spyros Tastsoglou
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
- DIANA-Lab, Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
- Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Artemis G Hatzigeorgiou
- DIANA-Lab, Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
- Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - A Yaël Nossent
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
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2
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Eshraghi R, Shafie D, Raisi A, Goleij P, Mirzaei H. Circular RNAs: a small piece in the heart failure puzzle. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:102. [PMID: 38760573 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01386-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, specifically heart failure (HF), remains a significant concern in the realm of healthcare, necessitating the development of new treatments and biomarkers. The RNA family consists of various subgroups, including microRNAs, PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRAN) and long non-coding RNAs, which have shown potential in advancing personalized healthcare for HF patients. Recent research suggests that circular RNAs, a lesser-known subgroup of RNAs, may offer a novel set of targets and biomarkers for HF. This review will discuss the biogenesis of circular RNAs, their unique characteristics relevant to HF, their role in heart function, and their potential use as biomarkers in the bloodstream. Furthermore, future research directions in this field will be outlined. The stability of exosomal circRNAs makes them suitable as biomarkers, pathogenic regulators, and potential treatments for cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndrome, ischemia/reperfusion injury, HF, and peripheral artery disease. Herein, we summarized the role of circular RNAs and their exosomal forms in HF diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Eshraghi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Davood Shafie
- Heart Failure Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran.
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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3
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Mariappan V, Srinivasan R, Pratheesh R, Jujjuvarapu MR, Pillai AB. Predictive biomarkers for the early detection and management of heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2024; 29:331-353. [PMID: 37702877 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-023-10347-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serious public health concern whose incidence has been on a rise and is projected by the World Health Organization to be the leading global cause of mortality by 2030. Heart failure (HF) is a complicated syndrome resulting from various CVDs of heterogeneous etiologies and exhibits varying pathophysiology, including activation of inflammatory signaling cascade, apoptosis, fibrotic pathway, and neuro-humoral system, thereby leading to compromised cardiac function. During this process, several biomolecules involved in the onset and progression of HF are released into circulation. These circulating biomolecules could serve as unique biomarkers for the detection of subclinical changes and can be utilized for monitoring disease severity. Hence, it is imperative to identify these biomarkers to devise an early predictive strategy to stop the deterioration of cardiac function caused by these complex cellular events. Furthermore, measurement of multiple biomarkers allows clinicians to divide HF patients into sub-groups for treatment and management based on early health outcomes. The present article provides a comprehensive overview of current omics platform available for discovering biomarkers for HF management. Some of the existing and novel biomarkers for the early detection of HF with special reference to endothelial biology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Mariappan
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, 607402, India
| | - Rajesh Srinivasan
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, 607402, India
| | - Ravindran Pratheesh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute (MGMCRI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, 607402, India
| | - Muraliswar Rao Jujjuvarapu
- Radiodiagnosis and Imageology, Aware Gleneagles Global Hospital, LB Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500035, India
| | - Agieshkumar Balakrishna Pillai
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, 607402, India.
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4
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Nemeth K, Bayraktar R, Ferracin M, Calin GA. Non-coding RNAs in disease: from mechanisms to therapeutics. Nat Rev Genet 2024; 25:211-232. [PMID: 37968332 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-023-00662-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group of transcripts that, by definition, are not translated into proteins. Since their discovery, ncRNAs have emerged as important regulators of multiple biological functions across a range of cell types and tissues, and their dysregulation has been implicated in disease. Notably, much research has focused on the link between microRNAs (miRNAs) and human cancers, although other ncRNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are also emerging as relevant contributors to human disease. In this Review, we summarize our current understanding of the roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in cancer and other major human diseases, notably cardiovascular, neurological and infectious diseases. Further, we discuss the potential use of ncRNAs as biomarkers of disease and as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Nemeth
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Recep Bayraktar
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - George A Calin
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- The RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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5
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Caño-Carrillo S, Castillo-Casas JM, Franco D, Lozano-Velasco E. Unraveling the Signaling Dynamics of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiac Diseases. Cells 2024; 13:265. [PMID: 38334657 PMCID: PMC10854837 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective intercellular communication is essential for cellular and tissue balance maintenance and response to challenges. Cellular communication methods involve direct cell contact or the release of biological molecules to cover short and long distances. However, a recent discovery in this communication network is the involvement of extracellular vesicles that host biological contents such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, influencing neighboring cells. These extracellular vesicles are found in body fluids; thus, they are considered as potential disease biomarkers. Cardiovascular diseases are significant contributors to global morbidity and mortality, encompassing conditions such as ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, electrical heart diseases, and heart failure. Recent studies reveal the release of extracellular vesicles by cardiovascular cells, influencing normal cardiac function and structure. However, under pathological conditions, extracellular vesicles composition changes, contributing to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Investigating the loading of molecular cargo in these extracellular vesicles is essential for understanding their role in disease development. This review consolidates the latest insights into the role of extracellular vesicles in diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, exploring the potential applications of extracellular vesicles in personalized therapies, shedding light on the evolving landscape of cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (D.F.)
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6
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Shen M, Wu Y, Li L, Zhang L, Liu G, Wang R. CircMAP3K5 promotes cardiomyocyte apoptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating miR-22-3p/DAPK2 Axis. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13471. [PMID: 37735821 PMCID: PMC10809294 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the serious complications of the accumulated cardiovascular system in the long course of diabetes. To date, there is no effective treatment available for DCM. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel r2egulatory RNA that participates in a variety of cardiac pathological processes. However, the regulatory role of circular RNA MAP3K5 (circMAP3K5) in DCM is largely unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Microarray analysis of DCM rats' heart circular RNAs was performed and the highly species-conserved circRNA mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 (circMAP3K5) was identified, which participates in DCM processes. High glucose-provoked cardiotoxicity leads to the up-regulation of circMAP3K5, which mechanistically contributes to cardiomyocyte cell death. Also, in high glucose-induced H9c2 cardiomyocytes, the level of apoptosis was significantly increased, as well as the expression of circMAP3K5. In contrast, the depletion of circMAP3K5 could reduce high glucose-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. In terms of mechanism, circMAP3K5 acts as a miR-22-3p sponge and miR-22-3p directly target death-associated protein kinase 2 (DAPK2) in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, where in circMAP3K5 upregulates DAPK2 expression by targeting miR-22-3p. Moreover, we also found that miR-22-3p inhibitor and pcDNA DAPK2 could antagonize the protective effects brought by the depletion of circMAP3K5. CONCLUSION CircMAP3K5 is a highly conserved noncoding RNA that is upregulated during DCM process. We concluded that circMAP3K5 promotes high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by regulating the miR-22-3p/DAPK2 axis. The results of this study highlight a novel and translationally important circMAP3K5-based therapeutic approach for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of CardiologyThe First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yuanbin Wu
- Department of EmergencyThe Seventh Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Libing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Liyue Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of CardiologyThe First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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7
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Xu Y, Wan W, Zeng H, Xiang Z, Li M, Yao Y, Li Y, Bortolanza M, Wu J. Exosomes and their derivatives as biomarkers and therapeutic delivery agents for cardiovascular diseases: Situations and challenges. J Transl Int Med 2023; 11:341-354. [PMID: 38130647 PMCID: PMC10732499 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2023-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles known as exosomes have a diameter of 40 to 160 nm and are derived from small endosomal membranes. Exosomes have attracted increasing attention over the past ten years in part because they are functional vehicles that can deliver a variety of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids to the target cells they encounter. Because of this function, exosomes may be used for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of many diseases. All throughout the world, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a significant cause of death. Because exosomes are mediators of communication between cells, which contribute to many physiological and pathological aspects, they may aid in improving CVD therapies as biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting CVDs. Many studies demonstrated that exosomes are associated with CVDs, such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation. Exosomes participate in the progression or inhibition of these diseases mainly through the contents they deliver. However, the application of exosomes in diferent CVDs is not very mature. So further research is needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyang Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weimin Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huixuan Zeng
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ze Xiang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mo Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiwen Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66424Homburg, Germany
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mariza Bortolanza
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66424Homburg, Germany
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
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8
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Liu Y, Lyu X, Tan S, Zhang X. Research Progress of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Cardiac Remodeling. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:1469-1478. [PMID: 37790853 PMCID: PMC10542190 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.83808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are vesicles with a size range of 50 to 200 nm and released by different cells, which are essential for the exchange of information between cells. They have attracted a lot of interest from medical researchers. Exosomal non-coding RNAs play an important part in pathological cardiac remodelings, such as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and cardiac fibrosis. This review summarizes the origins and functions of exosomes, the role of exosomal non-coding RNAs in the process of pathological cardiac remodeling, as well as their theoretical basis for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xing Lyu
- Department of Clinical laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shengyu Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center for Geriatric Syndrome, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center for Geriatric Syndrome, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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9
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Li K, Ma L, Lu Z, Yan L, Chen W, Wang B, Xu H, Asemi Z. Apoptosis and heart failure: The role of non-coding RNAs and exosomal non-coding RNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154669. [PMID: 37422971 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a condition that affects the cardio vascular system and occurs if the heart cannot adequately pump the oxygen and blood to the body. Myocardial infarction, reperfusion injury, and this disease is the only a few examples of the numerous cardiovascular illnesses that are impacted by the closely controlled cell deletion process known as apoptosis. Attention has been paid to the creation of alternative diagnostic and treatment modalities for the condition. Recent evidences have shown that some non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) influence the stability of proteins, control of transcription factors, and HF apoptosis through a variety of methods. Exosomes make a significant paracrine contribution to the regulation of illnesses as well as to the communication between nearby and distant organs. However, it has not yet been determined whether exosomes regulate the cardiomyocyte-tumor cell interaction in ischemia HF to limit the vulnerability of malignancy to ferroptosis. Here, we list the numerous ncRNAs in HF that are connected to apoptosis. In addition, we emphasize the significance of exosomal ncRNAs in the HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketao Li
- Department of cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Liping Ma
- Department of cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Zhiwei Lu
- Hangzhou Heyunjia Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhe'jiang 310000, China
| | - Laixing Yan
- Department of cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Wan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Jiulongpo First People's Hospital, Chongqing 400051, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of cardiology, Zouping People's Hospital, Zouping, Shandong 256299, China
| | - Huiju Xu
- Department of cardiology, Hangzhou Mingzhou Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhe'jiang 311215, China.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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10
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Wang Y, Wang H, Zhang L, Zhang J, Liu N, Zhao P. A novel identified circular RNA, circSnap47, promotes heart failure progression via regulation of miR-223-3p/MAPK axis. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:459-469. [PMID: 35900666 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04523-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of circSnap47 on heart failure (HF) and its potential mechanisms. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the mRNA expression levels of circSnap47 and miR-233-3p. The viability and apoptosis of H9C2 cells were assessed using CCK-8 and TUNEL assays. The expressions of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were determined using ELISA and qRT-PCR. In addition, the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-related proteins was analyzed using western blot. Moreover, HF-related circRNAs and miRNAs were predicted via bioinformatics analysis. The relationship between circSnap47 and miR-233-3p was further confirmed using a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. In HF tissues and H9C2 cells treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), circSnap47 was upregulated. Silencing circSnap47 increased cell viability and inhibited apoptosis. Besides, silencing circSnap47 alleviated OGD-induced inflammation in H9C2 cells. Moreover, we found that miR-233-3p was the downstream target gene of circSnap47. Our results also revealed that silencing circSnap47 relieved OGD-induced H9C2 cell damage by inactivating the miR-223-3p/MAPK axis. We confirmed that circSnap47 silencing inhibited HF progression via regulation of miR-223/MAPK axis, which will provide for a new therapeutic direction for the treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkai Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery ICU, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqiang Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery II, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Luping Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Physical Examination, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department I of Obstetrics, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery I, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, No.20 Yuhuangding East Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Wang K, Gao XQ, Wang T, Zhou LY. The Function and Therapeutic Potential of Circular RNA in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023; 37:181-198. [PMID: 34269929 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07228-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) has a closed-loop structure, and its 3' and 5' ends are directly covalently connected by reverse splicing, which is more stable than linear RNA. CircRNAs usually possess microRNA (miRNA) binding sites, which can bind miRNAs and inhibit miRNA function. Many studies have shown that circRNAs are involved in the processes of cell senescence, proliferation and apoptosis and a series of signalling pathways, playing an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. CircRNAs are potential biological diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). To identify biomarkers and potential effective therapeutic targets without toxicity for heart disease, we summarize the biogenesis, biology, characterization and functions of circRNAs in CVDs, hoping that this information will shed new light on the prevention and treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang-Qian Gao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, Shandong, China
| | - Lu-Yu Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, Shandong, China.
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12
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Cheng Z, Qin W, Li S, Shao S, Liu B. Emerging roles of circular RNAs in cancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicity. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1152436. [PMID: 37020518 PMCID: PMC10067915 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1152436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicity (CTIC) is an important cause of death in cancer survivors which often results in the withdrawal or discontinuation of drugs. The underlying mechanisms of CTIC remain unclear. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding regulatory RNA molecules which have emerged in recent years. They are generated by back splicing and have powerful biological functions, including transcription and splicing, isolating or building macromolecular scaffolds to interfere with microRNA activity and signaling pathways, and acting as templates for translation. Moreover, circRNAs demonstrate high abundance and significant stability. CircRNAs can be used as novel biomarkers because they often function in a cell-type and tissue-specific manner. CircRNAs have attracted increasing attention in cardiovascular disease research, and recent studies exploring the role of circRNAs in CTIC have had promising results. This review will summarize the current understanding of circRNAs' biogenesis, regulation and function. Their clinical potential as biomarkers, therapeutic agents and drug targets will also be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziji Cheng
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanting Qin
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoling Li
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuijin Shao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baonian Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence: Baonian Liu
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13
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Hu X, Qin H, Yan Y, Wu W, Gong S, Wang L, Jiang R, Zhao Q, Sun Y, Wang Q, Wang S, Zhao H, Liu J, Yuan P. Exosomal circular RNAs: Biogenesis, effect, and application in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:948256. [PMID: 36016651 PMCID: PMC9395648 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.948256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As natural nanoparticles, exosomes regulate a wide range of biological processes via modulation of its components, including circular RNAs (circRNAs). CircRNAs are a novel class of closed-loop single-stranded RNAs with a wide distribution, and play diverse biological roles. Due to its stability in exosomes, exosomal circRNAs serve as biomarkers, pathogenic regulators and exert therapeutic potentials in some cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndrome, ischemia/reperfusion injury, heart failure, and peripheral artery disease. In this review, we detailed the current knowledge on the biogenesis and functions of exosomes, circRNAs, and exosomal circRNAs, as well as their involvement in these cardiovascular diseases, providing novel insights into the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Hu
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongran Qin
- Department of Nuclear Radiation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sugang Gong
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinhua Zhao
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jinming Liu, ; Ping Yuan,
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jinming Liu, ; Ping Yuan,
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14
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Utilization and Potential of RNA-Based Therapies in Cardiovascular Disease. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:956-969. [PMID: 36317129 PMCID: PMC9617127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RNA-based therapeutics have the potential to reach previously “undruggable” pathways in cardiovascular disease RNA-based therapeutics constitute a vast array of technologies, including unique forms, chemistries, and modalities of delivery Rapid development of RNA-based vaccines was made possible by decades of foundational work Specificity and efficacy of targeting and determination of mechanism(s) of action remain a distinct challenge
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the largest cause of mortality worldwide. The development of new effective therapeutics is a major unmet need. The current review focuses broadly on the concept of nucleic acid (NA)–based therapies, considering the use of various forms of NAs, including mRNAs, miRNAs, siRNA, and guide RNAs, the latter specifically for the purpose of CRISPR-Cas directed gene editing. We describe the current state-of-the-art of RNA target discovery and development, the status of RNA therapeutics in the context of CVD, and some of the challenges and hurdles to be overcome.
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15
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Guria A, Sharma P, Srikakulam N, Baby A, Natesan S, Pandi G. Cost-Effective Transcriptome-Wide Profiling of Circular RNAs by the Improved-tdMDA-NGS Method. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:886366. [PMID: 35647023 PMCID: PMC9136142 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.886366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Covalently closed circular RNAs are neoteric to the eukaryotic family of long non-coding RNAs emerging as a result of 5′–3′ backsplicing from exonic, intronic, or intergenic regions spanning the parental gene. Owing to their unique structure and stability, circular RNAs have a multitude of functional properties such as micro-RNA and protein sponges, direct and indirect modulators of gene expression, protein translation, and many unproven activities apart from being potential biomarkers. However, due to their low abundance, most of the global circular RNA identification is carried out by high-throughput NGS-based approaches requiring millions of sequencing reads. This lag in methodological advancements demands for newer, more refined, and efficient identification techniques. Here, we aim to show an improved version of our previously reported template-dependent multiple displacement amplification (tdMDA)-NGS method by superimposing the ribosomal depletion step and use of H minus reverse transcriptase and RNase H. Implication of tdMDA using highly replicative Phi29 DNA polymerase after minimizing the linear and ribosomal RNA content further intensifies its detection limit toward even the abysmally expressing circular RNA at a low NGS depth, thereby decreasing the cost of identifying a single circular RNA. A >11-fold and >6-fold increase in total circular RNA was identified from the improved-tdMDA-NGS method over the traditional method of circRNA sequencing using DCC and CIRI2 pipelines, respectively, from Oryza sativa subsp. Indica. Furthermore, the reliability of the improved-tdMDA-NGS method was also asserted in HeLa cell lines, showing a significant fold difference in comparison with the existing traditional method of circRNA sequencing. Among the identified circular RNAs, a significant percentage from both rice (∼58%) and HeLa cell lines (∼84%) is found to be matched with the previously reported circular RNAs, suggesting that the improved-tdMDA-NGS method can be adapted to detect and characterize the circular RNAs from different biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashirbad Guria
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Nagesh Srikakulam
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Akhil Baby
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Sankar Natesan
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Gopal Pandi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
- *Correspondence: Gopal Pandi,
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16
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Mahabady MK, Mirzaei S, Saebfar H, Gholami MH, Zabolian A, Hushmandi K, Hashemi F, Tajik F, Hashemi M, Kumar AP, Aref AR, Zarrabi A, Khan H, Hamblin MR, Nuri Ertas Y, Samarghandian S. Noncoding RNAs and their therapeutics in paclitaxel chemotherapy: Mechanisms of initiation, progression, and drug sensitivity. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2309-2344. [PMID: 35437787 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The identification of agents that can reverse drug resistance in cancer chemotherapy, and enhance the overall efficacy is of great interest. Paclitaxel (PTX) belongs to taxane family that exerts an antitumor effect by stabilizing microtubules and inhibiting cell cycle progression. However, PTX resistance often develops in tumors due to the overexpression of drug transporters and tumor-promoting pathways. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are modulators of many processes in cancer cells, such as apoptosis, migration, differentiation, and angiogenesis. In the present study, we summarize the effects of ncRNAs on PTX chemotherapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can have opposite effects on PTX resistance (stimulation or inhibition) via influencing YES1, SK2, MRP1, and STAT3. Moreover, miRNAs modulate the growth and migration rates of tumor cells in regulating PTX efficacy. PIWI-interacting RNAs, small interfering RNAs, and short-hairpin RNAs are other members of ncRNAs regulating PTX sensitivity of cancer cells. Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) are similar to miRNAs and can modulate PTX resistance/sensitivity by their influence on miRNAs and drug efflux transport. The cytotoxicity of PTX against tumor cells can also be affected by circular RNAs (circRNAs) and limitation is that oncogenic circRNAs have been emphasized and experiments should also focus on onco-suppressor circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood K Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Saebfar
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad H Gholami
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Resident of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, 5th Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tajik
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alan P Kumar
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amir R Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Xsphera Biosciences Inc, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.,ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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17
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Li M, Ding W, Liu G, Wang J. Extracellular Circular RNAs Act as Novel First Messengers Mediating Cell Cross-Talk in Ischemic Cardiac Injury and Myocardial Remodeling. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:444-455. [PMID: 35182317 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) causes most of the mortality worldwide. Coronary obstruction-caused myocardial ischemic injury leads to permanent loss of the myocardium. Subsequent compensatory myocardial remodeling and heart failure would result in arrhythmia and even sudden death. The molecular mechanisms of these pathological processes remain to be thoroughly revealed. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are special types of non-coding RNAs which can durably regulate gene expression and modulate cell fate. They had been reported to mediate ischemic myocardial injury and myocardial remodeling. circRNAs can be loaded into extracellular vesicles and released into extracellular space. More recently, it was uncovered that the extracellular circRNAs can regulate intercellular communications, similar to "first messengers." The cross-talk mediated by extracellular circRNAs had been demonstrated to play important roles in pathological processes. Here, we would like to review the modulation of extracellular circRNAs in ischemic myocardial injury and myocardial remodeling. We believe the extracellular circRNAs can bring new strategies of MI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Gaoli Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266510, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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18
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Salami R, Salami M, Mafi A, Vakili O, Asemi Z. Circular RNAs and glioblastoma multiforme: focus on molecular mechanisms. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:13. [PMID: 35090496 PMCID: PMC8796413 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00809-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), as a deadly and almost incurable brain cancer, is the most invasive form of CNS tumors that affects both children and adult population. It accounts for approximately half of all primary brain tumors. Despite the remarkable advances in neurosurgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapeutic approaches, cell heterogeneity and numerous genetic alterations in cell cycle control, cell growth, apoptosis, and cell invasion, result in an undesirable resistance to therapeutic strategies; thereby, the median survival duration for GBM patients is unfortunately still less than two years. Identifying new therapeutics and employing the combination therapies may be considered as wonderful strategies against the GBM. In this regard, circular RNAs (circRNAs), as tumor inhibiting and/or stimulating RNA molecules, can regulate the cancer-developing processes, including cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, invasion, and chemoresistance. Hereupon, these molecules have been introduced as potentially effective therapeutic targets to defeat GBM. The current study aims to investigate the fundamental molecular and cellular mechanisms in association with circRNAs involved in GBM pathogenesis. Among multiple mechanisms, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, and MAPK signaling, angiogenic processes, and metastatic pathways will be thoroughly discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of circRNAs in pathophysiology of GBM. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Vakili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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19
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Wen G, Zhou T, Gu W. The potential of using blood circular RNA as liquid biopsy biomarker for human diseases. Protein Cell 2021; 12:911-946. [PMID: 33131025 PMCID: PMC8674396 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel class of single-stranded RNAs with a closed loop structure. The majority of circRNAs are formed by a back-splicing process in pre-mRNA splicing. Their expression is dynamically regulated and shows spatiotemporal patterns among cell types, tissues and developmental stages. CircRNAs have important biological functions in many physiological processes, and their aberrant expression is implicated in many human diseases. Due to their high stability, circRNAs are becoming promising biomarkers in many human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases and human cancers. In this review, we focus on the translational potential of using human blood circRNAs as liquid biopsy biomarkers for human diseases. We highlight their abundant expression, essential biological functions and significant correlations to human diseases in various components of peripheral blood, including whole blood, blood cells and extracellular vesicles. In addition, we summarize the current knowledge of blood circRNA biomarkers for disease diagnosis or prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxia Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
| | - Wanjun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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20
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Yang M, Wang X, Wang T. Regulation of Mitochondrial Function by Noncoding RNAs in Heart Failure and Its Application in Diagnosis and Treatment. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:377-387. [PMID: 34132686 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Heart failure (HF) is the terminal stage of multiple cardiovascular diseases. However, the pathogenesis of HF remains unclear and prompt; appropriate diagnosis and treatment of HF are crucial. Cardiomyocytes isolated from HF subjects frequently present mitochondrial impairment and dysfunction. Many studies have suggested that the regulation by noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) of mitochondria can affect the occurrence and progression of HF. The regulation by ncRNAs of myocardial mitochondria during HF and the recent applications of ncRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of HF are summarized in this review that is intended to gain keen insights into the mechanisms of HF and more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
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21
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Feng Y, Yan B, Cheng H, Wu J, Chen Q, Duan Y, Zhang P, Zheng D, Lin G, Zhuo Y. Knockdown circ_0040414 inhibits inflammation, apoptosis and promotes the proliferation of cardiomyocytes via miR-186-5p/PTEN/AKT axis in chronic heart failure. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:2304-2315. [PMID: 34369049 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that circ_0040414 is highly expressed in the blood of patients with heart failure (HF), which suggests that circ_0040414 is associated with heart failure (HF). However, the functional involvement of circ_0040414 in HF and its potential mechanism remains unclear. Consistent with previous studies, our study showed that the expression of circ_0040414 in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) was significantly higher than that of healthy control, which indicated that circ_0040414 could be used as a diagnostic biomarker in patients with CHF. In cardiomyocytes, circ_0040414 increased the level of proapoptotic proteins Bax, cleaved-caspase 3 and reduced the expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. It also promoted inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-β, but inhibited cell proliferation. In terms of mechanism, circ_0040414 upregulated the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) through sponging miR-186-5p to inhibit AKT signaling activity. Our study uncovered a novel role and the mechanism of circ_0040414 in controlling CHF, enriched the molecular regulatory network in CHF, and may provide a possible strategy for the treatment of CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu District He Xian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Biao Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongji Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu District He Xian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinlei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu District He Xian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinxiu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu District He Xian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuexing Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu District He Xian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu District He Xian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu District He Xian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guixiong Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu District He Xian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yufeng Zhuo
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu District He Xian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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22
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Tian C, Liu J, Di X, Cong S, Zhao M, Wang K. Exosomal hsa_circRNA_104484 and hsa_circRNA_104670 may serve as potential novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for sepsis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14141. [PMID: 34238972 PMCID: PMC8266806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93246-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to explore the role of exosomal circRNAs in the occurrence and development of sepsis, we looked for potential diagnostic markers to accurately identify sepsis and to lay a molecular basis for precise treatment. Ultracentrifugation was used to extract exosomes from the serum of patients with sepsis and healthy individuals. Then, changes in circRNA expression in exosomes were studied by circRNA microarray analysis. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto City Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were used to annotate the biological functions and pathways of genes, and a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed. In the microarray analysis, 132 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed, including 80 and 52 that were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. RT-qPCR verified the results of microarray analysis: hsa_circRNA_104484 and hsa_circRNA_104670 were upregulated in sepsis serum exosomes. ROC analysis showed that hsa_circRNA_104484 and hsa_circRNA_104670 in serum exosomes have the potential to be used as diagnostic markers for sepsis. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network predicted the potential regulatory pathways of differentially expressed circRNAs. There are differences in the expression of circRNA in serum exosomes between patients with sepsis and healthy individuals, which may be involved in the occurrence and development of the disease. Among them, elevations in hsa_circRNA_104484 and hsa_circRNA_104670 could be used as novel diagnostic biomarkers and molecular therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaying Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Di
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shan Cong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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23
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Yang T, Long T, Du T, Chen Y, Dong Y, Huang ZP. Circle the Cardiac Remodeling With circRNAs. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:702586. [PMID: 34250050 PMCID: PMC8267062 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.702586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling occurs after the heart is exposed to stress, which is manifested by pathological processes such as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis, dendritic cells activation and cytokine secretion, proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, and finally leads to heart failure. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are recently recognized as a specific type of non-coding RNAs that are expressed in different species, in different stages of development, and in different pathological conditions. Growing evidences have implicated that circRNAs play important regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize the biological origin, characteristics, functional classification of circRNAs and their regulatory functions in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, and exosomes in the pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiqun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianxin Long
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tailai Du
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yili Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yugang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhan-Peng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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Chair SY, Chan JYW, Waye MMY, Liu T, Law BMH, Chien WT. Exploration of Potential Genetic Biomarkers for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115904. [PMID: 34072866 PMCID: PMC8198957 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients with heart failure (HF) often present with signs and symptoms that are often nonspecific and with a wide differential diagnosis, making diagnosis and prognosis of HF by clinical presentation alone challenging. Our knowledge on genetic diversity is rapidly evolving with high-throughput DNA sequencing technology, which makes a great potential for genetic biomarker development. The present review attempts to provide a comprehensive review on the modification of major genetic components in HF patients and to explore the potential application of these components as clinical biomarkers in the diagnosis and in monitoring the progress of HF. The literature search was conducted using six databases, resulting in the inclusion of eighteen studies in the review. The findings of these studies were summarized narratively. An appraisal of the reporting quality of the included studies was conducted using a twelve-item checklist adapted from the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. The findings showed that changes in genetic components in patients with HF compared to healthy controls could be noninvasive diagnostic or prognostic tools for HF with higher specificity and sensitivity in comparison with the traditional biomarkers. This review provided evidence for the potential of developing genetic biomarkers of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sek-Ying Chair
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
- Asia-Pacific Genomic and Genetic Nursing Centre, The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Judy-Yuet-Wa Chan
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mary-Miu-Yee Waye
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
- The Croucher Laboratory for Human Genomics, The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ting Liu
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
| | - Bernard-Man-Hin Law
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
| | - Wai-Tong Chien
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
- Asia-Pacific Genomic and Genetic Nursing Centre, The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Tang L, Li P, Jang M, Zhu W. Circular RNAs and Cardiovascular Regeneration. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:672600. [PMID: 33928139 PMCID: PMC8076501 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.672600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNAs that are widely present in eukaryotic cells. They have the characteristics of stable structure, high abundance, and cell or tissue specific expression. circRNAs are single-stranded RNAs that are covalently back spliced to form closed circular loops. They may participate in gene expression and regulation through a variety of action modes. circRNAs can encode proteins or function by acting as miRNA sponges for protein translation. Since 2016, a growing number of research studies have shown that circRNAs play important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. With the construction of circRNA database, the differential expression of circRNAs in the heart tissue samples from different species and the gradual elucidation of its mode of action in disease may become an ideal diagnosis biomarker and an effective therapeutic target. What can be expected surely has a broader application prospect. In this review, we summarize recent publications on circRNA biogenesis, expression profiles, functions, and the most recent studies of circRNAs in the field of cardiovascular diseases with special emphasis on cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Pengsheng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Michelle Jang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Wuqiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
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Ward Z, Pearson J, Schmeier S, Cameron V, Pilbrow A. Insights into circular RNAs: their biogenesis, detection, and emerging role in cardiovascular disease. RNA Biol 2021; 18:2055-2072. [PMID: 33779499 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1891393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved form of noncoding RNA with covalently closed loop structures. Initial studies established a functional role for circRNAs as potent microRNA sponges and many other studies have focussed solely on this. However, the biological functions of most circRNAs are still undetermined and other functional roles are gaining traction. These include protein sponges and regulators, and coding for proteins with an alternative mechanism of translation, potentially opening up a whole new transcriptome. The first step to gaining insight into circRNA function is accurate identification and various software platforms have been developed. Specialized detection software has now evolved into whole bioinformatics pipelines that can be used for detection, de novo identification, functional prediction, and validation of circRNAs. However, few cardiovascular circRNA studies have utilized these tools. This review summarizes current knowledge of circRNA biogenesis, bioinformatic detection tools and the emerging role of circRNAs in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Ward
- Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Sebastian Schmeier
- Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vicky Cameron
- Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Anna Pilbrow
- Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Røsand Ø, Høydal MA. Cardiac Exosomes in Ischemic Heart Disease- A Narrative Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020269. [PMID: 33572486 PMCID: PMC7916440 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the primary cause of death globally. IHD is associated with the disruption of blood supply to the heart muscles, which often results in myocardial infarction (MI) that further may progress to heart failure (HF). Exosomes are a subgroup of extracellular vesicles that can be secreted by virtually all types of cells, including cardiomyocytes, cardiac fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and stem and progenitor cells. Exosomes represent an important means of cell–cell communication through the transport of proteins, coding and non-coding RNA, and other bioactive molecules. Several studies show that exosomes play an important role in the progression of IHD, including endothelial dysfunction, the development of arterial atherosclerosis, ischemic reperfusion injury, and HF development. Recently, promising data have been shown that designates exosomes as carriers of cardioprotective molecules that enhance the survival of recipient cells undergoing ischemia. In this review, we summarize the functional involvement of exosomes regarding IHD. We also highlight the cardioprotective effects of native and bioengineered exosomes to IHD, as well as the possibility of using exosomes as natural biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases. Lastly, we discuss the opportunities and challenges that need to be addressed before exosomes can be used in clinical applications.
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Lin S, Xiong W, Liu H, Pei L, Yi H, Guan Y. Profiling and Integrated Analysis of Differentially Expressed Circular RNAs in Plasma Exosomes as Novel Biomarkers for Advanced-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12965-12977. [PMID: 33376346 PMCID: PMC7755339 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s279710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Exosomes contain abundant circRNAs and are determined to be involved in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Thus, our study aimed to explore new circRNAs in plasma exosomes that could be involved in such pathogenesis. Patients and Methods High-throughput sequencing was used in identifying the alterations in exosomal circRNA expression. Gene ontology functional analysis (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed to determine the significant functions and pathways associated with differentially expressed circRNAs. TargetScan and miRanda were used to predict circRNA-targeted microRNAs and mRNAs. CircRNA expression profiles were then validated by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to determine the roles of has_circ_0102537 in LUAD progression. Results We identified six significantly upregulated and 214 significantly downregulated circRNAs. GO and KEGG pathway analysis suggested that the differentially expressed circRNAs are involved in the occurrence and development of LUAD. A circRNA–miRNA–mRNA meshwork was established to predict the potential interactions among these RNAs. The circRNA expression profile was then subjected to qRT-PCR for validation. We identified hsa_circ_0102537 to be downregulated in both LUAD plasma exosomes and tissues. GO, KEGG pathway analysis, circRNA–miRNA–mRNA meshwork, and further experiments suggest that hsa_circ_0102537 could be involved in LUAD progression. Conclusion Our study explored a large number of circRNAs that may be involved in the LUAD pathogenesis, thereby supporting the need for further research on both diagnosis biomarkers and the potential intervention therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lin
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenji Xiong
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Huibo Liu
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Pei
- Department of Echocardiography, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanfa Yi
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghui Guan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
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Sun C, Ni M, Song B, Cao L. Circulating Circular RNAs: Novel Biomarkers for Heart Failure. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:560537. [PMID: 33281603 PMCID: PMC7691568 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.560537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a serious, chronic disease, causing significant ill health and high mortality worldwide. The current clinical strategies emphasize reducing the transition from a healthy to a failing heart despite the shift in the clinical goal from healing to disease prevention. Recent research advancements on noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are significant therapeutic targets in HF. Previous studies have highlighted the potential applicability of circRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, less is known regarding the potential benefits of circRNAs as novel diagnostic and treatment biomarkers for HF. In the present study, we summarize the current developments and achievements associated with the use of circRNAs as HF biomarkers. We also discuss future research directions regarding HF diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Disease-Associated Circular RNAs: From Biology to Computational Identification. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6798590. [PMID: 32908906 PMCID: PMC7450300 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6798590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNAs with a covalently closed continuous loop, generated through various backsplicing events of pre-mRNA. An accumulating number of studies have shown that circRNAs are potential biomarkers for major human diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Thus, identification and prediction of human disease-associated circRNAs are of significant importance. To this end, a computational analysis-assisted strategy is indispensable to detect, verify, and quantify circRNAs for downstream applications. In this review, we briefly introduce the biology of circRNAs, including the biogenesis, characteristics, and biological functions. In addition, we outline about 30 recent bioinformatic analysis tools that are publicly available for circRNA study. Principles for applying these computational strategies and considerations will be briefly discussed. Lastly, we give a complete survey on more than 20 key computational databases that are frequently used. To our knowledge, this is the most complete and updated summary on publicly available circRNA resources. In conclusion, this review summarizes key aspects of circRNA biology and outlines key computational strategies that will facilitate the genome-wide identification and prediction of circRNAs.
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31
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Interference with circBC048201 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells through the miR-1184/ITGA3 axis. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 474:83-94. [PMID: 32789658 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The abnormal expression of circular RNA (circRNA) is bound up with the progress of various human cancers. This study aimed to reveal the potential role and mechanism of circBC048201 in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of circBC048201. Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, and transwell migration and invasion assays were used to confirm the in vitro functions of circBC048201. Western blot, RNA pull-down, and dual-luciferase reporter gene experiments were performed to study the potential mechanism. circBC048201 was abnormally highly expressed in bladder cancer tissues and cells, and the interference with circBC048201 inhibited bladder cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. From the potential mechanism analysis, our data suggested that circBC048201 and miR-1184, miR-1184 and ITGA3 could bind to each other, and the interference with circBC048201 repressed bladder cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through the miR-1184/ITGA3 axis. In summary, our results showed that circBC048201 was abnormally highly expressed in bladder cancer tissues and cells, and the interference with circBC048201 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells through the miR-1184/ITGA3 axis.
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