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Patel A, Kutuzov MA, Dustin ML, van der Merwe PA, Dushek O. Regulation of temporal cytokine production by co-stimulation receptors in TCR-T cells is lost in CAR-T cells. IMMUNOTHERAPY ADVANCES 2024; 4:ltae004. [PMID: 38978751 PMCID: PMC11228853 DOI: 10.1093/immadv/ltae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells contribute to immune responses by producing cytokines when their T-cell receptors (TCRs) recognise peptide antigens on major-histocompability-complex class I. However, excessive cytokine production can be harmful. For example, cytokine release syndrome is a common toxicity observed in treatments that activate T cells, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy. While the engagement of costimulatory receptors is well known to enhance cytokine production, we have limited knowledge of their ability to regulate the kinetics of cytokine production by CAR-T cells. Here we compare early (0-12 h) and late (12-20 h) production of IFN-gg, IL-2, and TNF-a production by T cells stimulated via TCR or CARs in the presence or absence ligands for CD2, LFA-1, CD28, CD27, and 4-1BB. For T cells expressing TCRs and 1st-generation CARs, activation by antigen alone was sufficient to stimulate early cytokine production, while co-stimulation by CD2 and 4-1BB was required to maintain late cytokine production. In contrast, T cells expressing 2nd-generation CARs, which have intrinsic costimulatory signalling motifs, produce high levels of cytokines in both early and late periods in the absence of costimulatory receptor ligands. Losing the requirement for costimulation for sustained cytokine production may contribute to the effectiveness and/or toxicity of 2nd-generation CAR-T-cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashna Patel
- The Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Mikhail A Kutuzov
- The Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Michael L Dustin
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | | | - Omer Dushek
- The Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
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2
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Mahaki H, Ravari H, Kazemzadeh G, Lotfian E, Daddost RA, Avan A, Manoochehri H, Sheykhhasan M, Mahmoudian RA, Tanzadehpanah H. Pro-inflammatory responses after peptide-based cancer immunotherapy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32249. [PMID: 38912474 PMCID: PMC11190603 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccinations are designed to prevent cancer by inducing immune responses against tumor antigens. in cancer cells, tumor-associated antigens (TAA) or tumor-specific (mutated) derived peptides are presented within the clefts of main histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I or class II molecules, they either activate cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), CD4+ T or CD8+ T lymphocytes, which release cytokines that can suppress tumor cells growth. In cancer immunotherapies, CD8+ T lymphocytes are a major mediator of tumor repression. The effect of peptide-based vaccinations on cytokines in the activating CD8+ T cell against targeted tumor antigens is the subject of this review. It is believed that peptide-based vaccines increased IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-12, secreting CTL line by interacting with dendritic cell (DC), supposed to stimulate immune system. Additionally, mechanisms of CTL activation and dysfunction were also studied. According to most of the data resulted from in vivo and in vitro research works, it is assumed that peptide-based vaccines increased IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Mahaki
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Ravari
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Kazemzadeh
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Lotfian
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Manoochehri
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sheykhhasan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Alsadat Mahmoudian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Tanzadehpanah
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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3
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Liu J, Wu M, Yang Y, Wang Z, He S, Tian X, Wang H. γδ T cells and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis: a love-hate relationship in the tumor microenvironment. J Transl Med 2024; 22:553. [PMID: 38858763 PMCID: PMC11163710 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05327-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gamma delta (γδ) T cells demonstrate strong cytotoxicity against diverse cancer cell types in an MHC-independent manner, rendering them promising contenders for cancer therapy. Although amplification and adoptive transfer of γδ T cells are being evaluated in the clinic, their therapeutic efficacy remains unsatisfactory, primarily due to the influence of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Currently, the utilization of targeted therapeutic antibodies against inhibitory immune checkpoint (ICP) molecules is a viable approach to counteract the immunosuppressive consequences of the TME. Notably, PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors are considered primary treatment options for diverse malignancies, with the objective of preserving the response of αβ T cells. However, γδ T cells also infiltrate various human cancers and are important participants in cancer immunity, thereby influencing patient prognosis. Hence, it is imperative to comprehend the reciprocal impact of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis on γδ T cells. This understanding can serve as a therapeutic foundation for improving γδ T cells adoptive transfer therapy and may offer a novel avenue for future combined immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan He
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xun Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academician Expert Workstation, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, Hubei, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Pihl RMF, Smith-Mahoney EL, Olson A, Yuen RR, Asundi A, Lin N, Belkina AC, Snyder-Cappione JE. Vδ1 Effector and Vδ2 γδ T-Cell Subsets Shift in Frequency and Are Linked to Plasma Inflammatory Markers During Antiretroviral Therapy-Suppressed HIV Infection. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:1317-1327. [PMID: 38390982 PMCID: PMC11095541 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation is prevalent with antiretroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and one immune cell subset putatively driving this phenomenon is TIGIT+ γδ T cells. METHODS To elucidate γδ T-cell phenotypic diversity, spectral flow cytometry was performed on blood lymphocytes from individuals of a HIV and aging cohort and data were analyzed using bioinformatic platforms. Plasma inflammatory markers were measured and correlated with γδ T-cell subset frequencies. RESULTS Thirty-nine distinct γδ T-cell subsets were identified (22 Vδ1+, 14 Vδ2+, and 3 Vδ1-Vδ2-Vγ9+) and TIGIT was nearly exclusively found on the Vδ1+CD45RA+CD27- effector populations. People with ART-suppressed HIV infection (PWH) exhibited high frequencies of distinct clusters of Vδ1+ effectors distinguished via CD8, CD16, and CD38 expression. Among Vδ2+ cells, most Vγ9+ (innate-like) clusters were lower in PWH; however, CD27+ subsets were similar in frequency between participants with and without HIV. Comparisons by age revealed lower 'naive' Vδ1+CD45RA+CD27+ cells in older individuals, regardless of HIV status. Plasma inflammatory markers were selectively linked to subsets of Vδ1+ and Vδ2+ cells. CONCLUSIONS These results further elucidate γδ T-cell subset complexity and reveal distinct alterations and connections with inflammatory pathways of Vδ1+ effector and Vδ2+ innate-like subsets during ART-suppressed HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley M F Pihl
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erika L Smith-Mahoney
- Department of Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alex Olson
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rachel R Yuen
- Department of Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Archana Asundi
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nina Lin
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna C Belkina
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer E Snyder-Cappione
- Department of Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Tan A, He Y, Zhou Y, Peng X, Chang Y, Peng M, Ren H, Xu H. A potential antiviral role for CCR5+CD8+ T cells in children with hepatitis B. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29661. [PMID: 38738567 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
While dysfunctional exhausted CD8+ T cells hamper viral control when children acquire hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, it's crucial to recognize that CD8+ T cells have diverse phenotypes and functions. This study explored a subset of CD8+ T cells expressing C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) in children with HBV infection. Thirty-six patients in the immune tolerant group, 33 patients in the immune active group, 55 patients in the combined response group, and 22 healthy control children were enrolled. The frequency, functional molecules, and effector functions of the CCR5+CD8+ T cell population in different groups were evaluated. The frequency of CCR5+CD8+ T cells correlated positively with the frequency of CCR5+CD4+ T cells and patient age, and it correlated negatively with alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, HBV DNA, hepatitis B surface antigen, and lactic dehydrogenase levels. CCR5+CD8+ T cells had higher levels of inhibitory and activated receptors and produced higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α than CCR5-CD8+ T cells. CCR5+CD8+ T cells were partially exhausted but possessed a stronger antiviral activity than CCR5-CD8+ T cells. The identification of this subset increases our understanding of CD8+ T cell functions and serves as a potential immunotherapeutic target for children with HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoxue Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingzhi Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaorong Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunan Chang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingli Peng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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6
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Mittermüller D, Otto L, Kilian AL, Schnormeier AK, Littwitz-Salomon E, Hasenberg A, Dittmer U, Gunzer M. PD-1 knockout on cytotoxic primary murine CD8 + T cells improves their motility in retrovirus infected mice. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1338218. [PMID: 38742109 PMCID: PMC11089113 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1338218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) motility is an important feature of effective CTL responses and is impaired when CTLs become exhausted, e.g. during chronic retroviral infections. A prominent T cell exhaustion marker is programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and antibodies against the interaction of PD-1 and PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are known to improve CTL functions. However, antibody blockade affects all PD-1/PD-L1-expressing cell types, thus, the observed effects cannot be attributed selectively to CTLs. To overcome this problem, we performed CRISPR/Cas9 based knockout of the PD-1 coding gene PDCD1 in naïve Friend Retrovirus (FV)-specific CTLs. We transferred 1,000 of these cells into mice where they proliferated upon FV-infection. Using intravital two-photon microscopy we visualized CTL motility in the bone marrow and evaluated cytotoxic molecule expression by flow cytometry. Knockout of PDCD1 improved the CTL motility at 14 days post infection and enhanced the expression of cytotoxicity markers. Our data show the potential of genetic tuning of naive antiviral CTLs and might be relevant for future designs of improved T cell-mediated therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mittermüller
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lucas Otto
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Annika Loredana Kilian
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Schnormeier
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Littwitz-Salomon
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-Associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anja Hasenberg
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulf Dittmer
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-Associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany
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7
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Keshari S, Shavkunov AS, Miao Q, Saha A, Williams CD, Highsmith AM, Pineda JE, Alspach E, Hu KH, Pauken KE, Chen K, Gubin MM. Neoantigen Cancer Vaccines and Different Immune Checkpoint Therapies Each Utilize Both Converging and Distinct Mechanisms that in Combination Enable Synergistic Therapeutic Efficacy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.20.570816. [PMID: 38187708 PMCID: PMC10769249 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.20.570816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The goal of therapeutic cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) is to eliminate cancer by expanding and/or sustaining T cells with anti-tumor capabilities. However, whether cancer vaccines and ICT enhance anti-tumor immunity by distinct or overlapping mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we compared effective therapeutic tumor-specific mutant neoantigen (NeoAg) cancer vaccines with anti-CTLA-4 and/or anti-PD-1 ICT in preclinical models. Both NeoAg vaccines and ICT induce expansion of intratumoral NeoAg-specific CD8 T cells, though the degree of expansion and acquisition of effector activity was much more substantial following NeoAg vaccination. Further, we found that NeoAg vaccines are particularly adept at inducing proliferating and stem-like NeoAg-specific CD8 T cells. Single cell T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing revealed that TCR clonotype expansion and diversity of NeoAg-specific CD8 T cells relates to their phenotype and functional state associated with specific immunotherapies employed. Effective NeoAg vaccines and ICT required both CD8 and CD4 T cells. While NeoAg vaccines and anti-PD-1 affected the CD4 T cell compartment, it was to less of an extent than observed with anti-CTLA-4, which notably induced ICOS+Bhlhe40+ Th1-like CD4 T cells and, when combined with anti-PD-1, a small subset of Th2-like CD4 T cells. Although effective NeoAg vaccines or ICT expanded intratumoral M1-like iNOS+ macrophages, NeoAg vaccines expanded rather than suppressed (as observed with ICT) M2-like CX3CR1+CD206+ macrophages, associated with the vaccine adjuvant. Further, combining NeoAg vaccination with ICT induced superior efficacy compared to either therapy in isolation, highlighting the utility of combining these modalities to eliminate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Keshari
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexander S. Shavkunov
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qi Miao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Akata Saha
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charmelle D. Williams
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna M. Highsmith
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Josué E. Pineda
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elise Alspach
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kenneth H. Hu
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The James P. Allison Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kristen E. Pauken
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew M. Gubin
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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8
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Weiss J, Gibbons K, Ehyaee V, Perez-Silos V, Zevallos A, Maienschein-Cline M, Brister E, Sverdlov M, Shah E, Balakrishna J, Symes E, Frederiksen JK, Gann PH, Post R, Lopez-Hisijos N, Reneau J, Venkataraman G, Bailey N, Brown NA, Xu ML, Wilcox RA, Inamdar K, Murga-Zamalloa C. Specific Polo-Like Kinase 1 Expression in Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma Suggests an Intact Immune Surveillance Program. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:165-178. [PMID: 37923249 PMCID: PMC10768536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is a rare and relatively indolent B-cell lymphoma. Characteristically, the [lymphocyte-predominant (LP)] tumor cells are embedded in a microenvironment enriched in lymphocytes. More aggressive variants of mature B-cell and peripheral T-cell lymphomas exhibit nuclear expression of the polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) protein, stabilizing MYC (alias c-myc) and associated with worse clinical outcomes. This study demonstrated expression of PLK1 in the LP cells in 100% of NLPHL cases (n = 76). In contrast, <5% of classic Hodgkin lymphoma cases (n = 70) showed PLK1 expression within the tumor cells. Loss-of-function approaches demonstrated that the expression of PLK1 promoted cell proliferation and increased MYC stability in NLPHL cell lines. Correlation with clinical parameters revealed that the increased expression of PLK1 was associated with advanced-stage disease in patients with NLPHL. A multiplex immunofluorescence panel coupled with artificial intelligence algorithms was used to correlate the composition of the tumor microenvironment with the proliferative stage of LP cells. The results showed that LP cells with PLK1 (high) expression were associated with increased numbers of cytotoxic and T-regulatory T cells. Overall, the findings demonstrate that PLK1 signaling increases NLPHL proliferation and constitutes a potential vulnerability that can be targeted with PLK1 inhibitors. An active immune surveillance program in NLPHL may be a critical mechanism limiting PLK1-dependent tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kathryn Gibbons
- Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Vida Ehyaee
- Department of Pathology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vanessa Perez-Silos
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alejandro Zevallos
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Eileen Brister
- Research Tissue Imaging Core and Research Histology Core, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maria Sverdlov
- Research Tissue Imaging Core and Research Histology Core, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Eshana Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Emily Symes
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - John K Frederiksen
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Peter H Gann
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Robert Post
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - John Reneau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Nathanael Bailey
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Noah A Brown
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mina L Xu
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ryan A Wilcox
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kedar Inamdar
- Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.
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9
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Manfredi F, Stasi L, Buonanno S, Marzuttini F, Noviello M, Mastaglio S, Abbati D, Potenza A, Balestrieri C, Cianciotti BC, Tassi E, Feola S, Toffalori C, Punta M, Magnani Z, Camisa B, Tiziano E, Lupo-Stanghellini MT, Branca RM, Lehtiö J, Sikanen TM, Haapala MJ, Cerullo V, Casucci M, Vago L, Ciceri F, Bonini C, Ruggiero E. Harnessing T cell exhaustion and trogocytosis to isolate patient-derived tumor-specific TCR. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg8014. [PMID: 38039364 PMCID: PMC10691777 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg8014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
To study and then harness the tumor-specific T cell dynamics after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant, we typed the frequency, phenotype, and function of lymphocytes directed against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in 39 consecutive transplanted patients, for 1 year after transplant. We showed that TAA-specific T cells circulated in 90% of patients but display a limited effector function associated to an exhaustion phenotype, particularly in the subgroup of patients deemed to relapse, where exhausted stem cell memory T cells accumulated. Accordingly, cancer-specific cytolytic functions were relevant only when the TAA-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) were transferred into healthy, genome-edited T cells. We then exploited trogocytosis and ligandome-on-chip technology to unveil the specificities of tumor-specific TCRs retrieved from the exhausted T cell pool. Overall, we showed that harnessing circulating TAA-specific and exhausted T cells allow to isolate TCRs against TAAs and previously not described acute myeloid leukemia antigens, potentially relevant for T cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Manfredi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Lorena Stasi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Silvia Buonanno
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Francesca Marzuttini
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Maddalena Noviello
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Sara Mastaglio
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Danilo Abbati
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Alessia Potenza
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Chiara Balestrieri
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Beatrice Claudia Cianciotti
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Elena Tassi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Sara Feola
- University of Helsinki, ImmunoVirotherapy Lab, Yliopistonkatu 4, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cristina Toffalori
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Marco Punta
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Zulma Magnani
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Barbara Camisa
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Elena Tiziano
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Lupo-Stanghellini
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Rui Mamede Branca
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Janne Lehtiö
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Tiina M. Sikanen
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Helsinki University,, Viikinkaari 5E, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus J. Haapala
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Helsinki University,, Viikinkaari 5E, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vincenzo Cerullo
- University of Helsinki, ImmunoVirotherapy Lab, Yliopistonkatu 4, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Monica Casucci
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Luca Vago
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
- Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Eliana Ruggiero
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
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Roe K. Pathogen regulatory RNA usage enables chronic infections, T-cell exhaustion and accelerated T-cell exhaustion. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2505-2516. [PMID: 36941498 PMCID: PMC10027582 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04680-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens evade or disable cellular immune defenses using regulatory ribonucleic acids (RNAs), including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. Pathogenic usage of regulatory RNA enables chronic infections. Chronic infections, using host regulatory RNAs and/or creating pathogenic regulatory RNAs against cellular defenses, can cause T-cell exhaustion and latent pathogen reactivations. Concurrent pathogen infections of cells enable several possibilities. A first pathogen can cause an accelerated T-cell exhaustion for a second pathogen cellular infection. Accelerated T-cell exhaustion for the second pathogen weakens T-cell targeting of the second pathogen and enables a first-time infection by the second pathogen to replicate quickly and extensively. This can induce a large antibody population, which may be inadequately targeted against the second pathogen. Accelerated T-cell exhaustion can explain the relatively short median and average times from diagnosis to mortality in some viral epidemics, e.g., COVID-19, where the second pathogen can lethally overwhelm individuals' immune defenses. Alternatively, if an individual survives, the second pathogen could induce a very high titer of antigen-antibody immune complexes. If the antigen-antibody immune complex titer quickly becomes very high, it can exceed the immune system's phagocytic capability in immuno-deficient individuals, resulting in a Type III hypersensitivity immune reaction. Accelerated T-cell exhaustion in immuno-deficient individuals can be a fundamental cause of several hyperinflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases. This would be possible when impaired follicular helper CD4+ T-cell assistance to germinal center B-cell somatic hypermutation, affinity maturation and isotype switching of antibodies results in high titers of inadequate antibodies, and this initiates a Type III hypersensitivity immune reaction with proteinase releases which express or expose autoantigens.
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11
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Wang Y, Han J, Wang D, Cai M, Xu Y, Hu Y, Chen H, He W, Zhang J. Anti-PD-1 antibody armored γδ T cells enhance anti-tumor efficacy in ovarian cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:399. [PMID: 37857598 PMCID: PMC10587135 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01646-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells have the unique ability to detect a wide range of tumors with low mutation burdens, making them attractive candidates for CAR-T-cell therapy. Unlike αβ T cells and other immune cells, γδ T cells are superior in MHC non-restriction, selective cell recruitment, and rapid activation. However, clinical trials have shown limited clinical benefits, and the adoptive transplantation of γδ T cells has often fallen short of expectations. We hypothesized that the limited effectiveness of γδ T cells in eradicating tumor cells may be attributed to the inhibitory tumor microenvironment induced by the suppressive PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Herein, we constructed novel armored γδ T cells capable of secreting humanized anti-PD-1 antibodies, referred to as "Lv-PD1-γδ T cells. Lv-PD1-γδ T cells showed improved proliferation and enhanced cytotoxicity against tumor cells, resulting in augmented therapeutic effects and survival benefits in ovarian tumor-bearing mice. These engineered cells demonstrated a prolonged in vivo survival of more than 29 days, without any potential for tumorigenicity in immunodeficient NOD/SCID/γ null mice. We also found that Lv-PD1-γδ T cells exhibited excellent tolerance and safety in humanized NOD/SCID/γ null mice. With attenuated or eliminated immunosuppression and maximized cytotoxicity efficacy by the local secretion of anti-PD1 antibodies in tumors, Lv-PD1-γδ T cells can serve as a promising "off-the-shelf" cell therapy against cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory of T-cell and Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jingyi Han
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory of T-cell and Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory of T-cell and Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Menghua Cai
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory of T-cell and Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory of T-cell and Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory of T-cell and Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory of T-cell and Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Changzhou Xitaihu Institute for Frontier Technology of Cell Therapy, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory of T-cell and Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory of T-cell and Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Changzhou Xitaihu Institute for Frontier Technology of Cell Therapy, Changzhou, 213000, China.
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Zareinejad M, Mehdipour F, Roshan-Zamir M, Faghih Z, Ghaderi A. Dual Functions of T Lymphocytes in Breast Carcinoma: From Immune Protection to Orchestrating Tumor Progression and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4771. [PMID: 37835465 PMCID: PMC10571747 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer type in women and the second leading cause of death. Despite recent advances, the mortality rate of BC is still high, highlighting a need to develop new treatment strategies including the modulation of the immune system and immunotherapies. In this regard, understanding the complex function of the involved immune cells and their crosstalk with tumor cells is of great importance. T-cells are recognized as the most important cells in the tumor microenvironment and are divided into several subtypes including helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T-cells according to their transcription factors, markers, and functions. This article attempts to provide a comprehensive review of the role of T-cell subsets in the prognosis and treatment of patients with BC, and crosstalk between tumor cells and T-cells. The literature overwhelmingly contains controversial findings mainly due to the plasticity of T-cell subsets within the inflammatory conditions and the use of different panels for their phenotyping. However, investigating the role of T-cells in BC immunity depends on a variety of factors including tumor types or subtypes, the stage of the disease, the localization of the cells in the tumor tissue and the presence of different cells or cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zahra Faghih
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45505, Iran; (M.Z.); (F.M.); (M.R.-Z.)
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45505, Iran; (M.Z.); (F.M.); (M.R.-Z.)
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Sachdeva M, Taneja S, Sachdeva N. Stem cell-like memory T cells: Role in viral infections and autoimmunity. World J Immunol 2023; 13:11-22. [DOI: 10.5411/wji.v13.i2.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-like memory T (TSCM) cells possess stem cell properties including multipotency and self-renewal and are being recognized as emerging players in various human diseases. Advanced technologies such as multiparametric flowcytometry and single cell sequencing have enabled their identification and molecular characterization. In case of chronic viral diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus-1, CD4+ TSCM cells, serve as major reservoirs of the latent virus. However, during immune activation and functional exhaustion of effector T cells, these cells also possess the potential to replenish the pool of functional effector cells to curtail the infection. More recently, these cells are speculated to play important role in protective immunity following acute viral infections such as coronavirus disease 2019 and might be amenable for therapeutics by ex vivo expansion. Similarly, studies are also investigating their pathological role in driving autoimmune responses. However, there are several gaps in the understanding of the role of TSCM cells in viral and autoimmune diseases to make them potential therapeutic targets. In this minireview, we have attempted an updated compilation of the dyadic role of these complex TSCM cells during such human diseases along with their biology and transcriptional programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Sachdeva
- Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Shivangi Taneja
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Naresh Sachdeva
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
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Wang YM, Cai W, Xue QM, Zhang JY, Zhou L, Xiong SY, Deng H. Prognostic role of different PD-L1 expression patterns and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in high-grade serous ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1234894. [PMID: 37654479 PMCID: PMC10465691 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1234894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic value of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) remains a controversial topic in the research field. To comprehensively assess the importance of PD-L1 and TILs in this particular subtype of ovarian cancer, we performed a meta-analysis. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to December 25, 2022. The association between PD-L1, TILs, and survival outcomes was evaluated using the combined hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results This meta-analysis comprised 11 trials involving a total of 1746 cases. The results revealed no significant association between PD-L1 expression in tumor cells (TCs) and overall survival (OS, HR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.52-1.09, p = 0.136) or progression-free survival (PFS, HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.4 -1.24, p = 0.230). Nevertheless, a correlation was observed between PD-L1 expression in immune cells (ICs) and OS (HR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55-0.97, p = 0.031). Furthermore, the presence of CD8+ and PD-1+ TILs was found to significantly enhance OS (HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.55-0.87, p = 0.002; HR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.40-0.80, p = 0.001, respectively) and PFS (HR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.41-0.92, p = 0.019; HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.35-0.78, p = 0.002, respectively), whereas the presence of CD3+ and CD4+ TILs was positively associated with OS (HR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.29-0.87, p = 0.014; HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.34-0.91, p = 0.020, respectively). Conclusion This study indicates a positive correlation between ICs-derived PD-L1 and survival, while no significant correlation was observed between TCs-derived PD-L1 and prognosis. These results highlight the importance of studying PD-L1 expression in ICs as a prognostic predictor. In addition, the presence of TILs was found to significantly improve patient survival, suggesting that TILs may be a valuable prognostic biomarker. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022366411.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Min Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qing-Ming Xue
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jin-Yao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lv Zhou
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Su-Yi Xiong
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Liu Z, Jiao Q, Xie H, Liu J. Role of stem cell-like memory T cells in autoimmune diseases. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:1098-1104. [PMID: 37724413 PMCID: PMC10930044 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-like memory T (TSCM) cell is a memory T cell subset with characteristics of long life span, consistent self-renewing, and the multipotent capacity to reconstitute the memory and effector T cell subsets. TSCM cell is the least differentiated cell in the memory T lymphocyte system, endowed with the stem cell-like ability, and it is essential for maintaining functional immunity. In addition, owing to its robust potential for immune reconstitution, it is central player in many physiological and pathological human processes. TSCM cell plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various autoimmune diseases. The specific role of TSCM cell in autoimmune diseases may make it a potential target for the treatment of multiple autoimmune diseases, driving effective immune reconstitution in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Jiangsu 215006.
| | - Qingqing Jiao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Huanxia Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Jiangsu 215006
| | - Jisheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Jiangsu 215006.
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16
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Zheng P, Dou Y, Wang Q. Immune response and treatment targets of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: innate and adaptive immunity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1206720. [PMID: 37424786 PMCID: PMC10324618 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1206720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global public health risk that threatens human life and health, although the number of vaccinated people has increased. The clinical outcome of HBV infection depends on the complex interplay between viral replication and the host immune response. Innate immunity plays an important role in the early stages of the disease but retains no long-term immune memory. However, HBV evades detection by the host innate immune system through stealth. Therefore, adaptive immunity involving T and B cells is crucial for controlling and clearing HBV infections that lead to liver inflammation and damage. The persistence of HBV leads to immune tolerance owing to immune cell dysfunction, T cell exhaustion, and an increase in suppressor cells and cytokines. Although significant progress has been made in HBV treatment in recent years, the balance between immune tolerance, immune activation, inflammation, and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B remains unknown, making a functional cure difficult to achieve. Therefore, this review focuses on the important cells involved in the innate and adaptive immunity of chronic hepatitis B that target the host immune system and identifies treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Graduate School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yongqing Dou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qinying Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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del Rio ML, de Juan CYD, Roncador G, Caleiras E, Álvarez-Esteban R, Pérez-Simón JA, Rodriguez-Barbosa JI. Genetic deletion of HVEM in a leukemia B cell line promotes a preferential increase of PD-1 - stem cell-like T cells over PD-1 + T cells curbing tumor progression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1113858. [PMID: 37033927 PMCID: PMC10076739 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1113858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A high frequency of mutations affecting the gene encoding Herpes Virus Entry Mediator (HVEM, TNFRSF14) is a common clinical finding in a wide variety of human tumors, including those of hematological origin. METHODS We have addressed how HVEM expression on A20 leukemia cells influences tumor survival and its involvement in the modulation of the anti-tumor immune responses in a parental into F1 mouse tumor model of hybrid resistance by knocking-out HVEM expression. HVEM WT or HVEM KO leukemia cells were then injected intravenously into semiallogeneic F1 recipients and the extent of tumor dissemination was evaluated. RESULTS The loss of HVEM expression on A20 leukemia cells led to a significant increase of lymphoid and myeloid tumor cell infiltration curbing tumor progression. NK cells and to a lesser extent NKT cells and monocytes were the predominant innate populations contributing to the global increase of immune infiltrates in HVEM KO tumors compared to that present in HVEM KO tumors. In the overall increase of the adaptive T cell immune infiltrates, the stem cell-like PD-1- T cells progenitors and the effector T cell populations derived from them were more prominently present than terminally differentiated PD-1+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the PD-1- T cell subpopulation is likely to be a more relevant contributor to tumor rejection than the PD-1+ T cell subpopulation. These findings highlight the role of co-inhibitory signals delivered by HVEM upon engagement of BTLA on T cells and NK cells, placing HVEM/BTLA interaction in the spotlight as a novel immune checkpoint for the reinforcement of the anti-tumor responses in malignancies of hematopoietic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Luisa del Rio
- Transplantation Immunobiology and Immunotherapy Section, Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - Carla Yago-Diez de Juan
- Transplantation Immunobiology and Immunotherapy Section, Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - Giovanna Roncador
- Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, National Center for Cancer Research (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Caleiras
- Histopathology Core Unit, National Center for Cancer Research (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Álvarez-Esteban
- Section of Statistics and Operational Research, Department of Economy and Statistics, University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - José Antonio Pérez-Simón
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio / Institute of Biomedicine (IBIS / CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jose-Ignacio Rodriguez-Barbosa
- Transplantation Immunobiology and Immunotherapy Section, Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Leon, Leon, Spain
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Urabe A, Chi S, Minami Y. The Immuno-Oncology and Genomic Aspects of DNA-Hypomethylating Therapeutics in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043727. [PMID: 36835136 PMCID: PMC9961620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) have been used for decades in the treatment of hematologic neoplasms, and now, have gathered attention again in terms of their combination with potent molecular-targeted agents such as a BCL-6 inhibitor venetoclax and an IDH1 inhibitor ivosidenib, as well as a novel immune-checkpoint inhibitor (anit-CD47 antibody) megrolimab. Several studies have shown that leukemic cells have a distinct immunological microenvironment, which is at least partially due to genetic alterations such as the TP53 mutation and epigenetic dysregulation. HMAs possibly improve intrinsic anti-leukemic immunity and sensitivity to immune therapies such as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and anti-CD47 agents. This review describes the immuno-oncological backgrounds of the leukemic microenvironment and the therapeutic mechanisms of HMAs, as well as current clinical trials of HMAs and/or venetoclax-based combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yosuke Minami
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-4-7133-1111; Fax: +81-7133-6502
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Kharbanda KK, Chokshi S, Tikhanovich I, Weinman SA, New-Aaron M, Ganesan M, Osna NA. A Pathogenic Role of Non-Parenchymal Liver Cells in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease of Infectious and Non-Infectious Origin. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:255. [PMID: 36829532 PMCID: PMC9953685 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Now, much is known regarding the impact of chronic and heavy alcohol consumption on the disruption of physiological liver functions and the induction of structural distortions in the hepatic tissues in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). This review deliberates the effects of alcohol on the activity and properties of liver non-parenchymal cells (NPCs), which are either residential or infiltrated into the liver from the general circulation. NPCs play a pivotal role in the regulation of organ inflammation and fibrosis, both in the context of hepatotropic infections and in non-infectious settings. Here, we overview how NPC functions in ALD are regulated by second hits, such as gender and the exposure to bacterial or viral infections. As an example of the virus-mediated trigger of liver injury, we focused on HIV infections potentiated by alcohol exposure, since this combination was only limitedly studied in relation to the role of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in the development of liver fibrosis. The review specifically focusses on liver macrophages, HSC, and T-lymphocytes and their regulation of ALD pathogenesis and outcomes. It also illustrates the activation of NPCs by the engulfment of apoptotic bodies, a frequent event observed when hepatocytes are exposed to ethanol metabolites and infections. As an example of such a double-hit-induced apoptotic hepatocyte death, we deliberate on the hepatotoxic accumulation of HIV proteins, which in combination with ethanol metabolites, causes intensive hepatic cell death and pro-fibrotic activation of HSCs engulfing these HIV- and malondialdehyde-expressing apoptotic hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusum K. Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Shilpa Chokshi
- Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London SE5 9NT, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Irina Tikhanovich
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA
| | - Steven A. Weinman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA
- Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Administration Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA
| | - Moses New-Aaron
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Natalia A. Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Ma J, Li J, He N, Qian M, Lu Y, Wang X, Wu K. Identification and validation of a novel survival prediction model based on the T-cell phenotype in the tumor immune microenvironment and peripheral blood for gastric cancer prognosis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:73. [PMID: 36737759 PMCID: PMC9896795 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The correlation and difference in T-cell phenotypes between peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in patients with gastric cancer (GC) is not clear. We aimed to characterize the phenotypes of CD8+ T cells in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and PBLs in patients with different outcomes and to establish a useful survival prediction model. METHODS Multiplex immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression of inhibitory molecules (IMs) and active markers (AMs) in CD8+TILs and PBLs, respectively. The role of these parameters in the 3-year prognosis was assessed by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Then, we divided patients into two TIME clusters (TIME-A/B) and two PBL clusters (PBL-A/B) by unsupervised hierarchical clustering based on the results of multivariate analysis, and used the Kaplan-Meier method to analyze the difference in prognosis between each group. Finally, we constructed and compared three survival prediction models based on Cox regression analysis, and further validated the efficiency and accuracy in the internal and external cohorts. RESULTS The percentage of PD-1+CD8+TILs, TIM-3+CD8+TILs, PD-L1+CD8+TILs, and PD-L1+CD8+PBLs and the density of PD-L1+CD8+TILs were independent risk factors, while the percentage of TIM-3+CD8+PBLs was an independent protective factor. The patients in the TIME-B group showed a worse 3-year overall survival (OS) (HR: 3.256, 95% CI 1.318-8.043, P = 0.006), with a higher density of PD-L1+CD8+TILs (P < 0.001) and percentage of PD-1+CD8+TILs (P = 0.017) and PD-L1+CD8+TILs (P < 0.001) compared to the TIME-A group. The patients in the PBL-B group showed higher positivity for PD-L1+CD8+PBLs (P = 0.042), LAG-3+CD8+PBLs (P < 0.001), TIM-3+CD8+PBLs (P = 0.003), PD-L1+CD4+PBLs (P = 0.001), and LAG-3+CD4+PBLs (P < 0.001) and poorer 3-year OS (HR: 0.124, 95% CI 0.017-0.929, P = 0.015) than those in the PBL-A group. In our three survival prediction models, Model 3, which was based on the percentage of TIM-3+CD8+PBLs, PD-L1+CD8+TILs and PD-1+CD8+TILs, showed the best sensitivity (0.950, 0.914), specificity (0.852, 0.857) and accuracy (κ = 0.787, P < 0.001; κ = 0.771, P < 0.001) in the internal and external cohorts, respectively. CONCLUSION We established a comprehensive and robust survival prediction model based on the T-cell phenotype in the TIME and PBLs for GC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jianhui Li
- grid.460007.50000 0004 1791 6584Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Nan He
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Meirui Qian
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin Wang
- grid.460007.50000 0004 1791 6584Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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21
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Sarsembayeva A, Kienzl M, Gruden E, Ristic D, Maitz K, Valadez-Cosmes P, Santiso A, Hasenoehrl C, Brcic L, Lindenmann J, Kargl J, Schicho R. Cannabinoid receptor 2 plays a pro-tumorigenic role in non-small cell lung cancer by limiting anti-tumor activity of CD8 + T and NK cells. Front Immunol 2023; 13:997115. [PMID: 36700219 PMCID: PMC9868666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.997115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoid (CB) receptors (CB1 and CB2) are expressed on cancer cells and their expression influences carcinogenesis in various tumor entities. Cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME) also express CB receptors, however, their role in tumor development is still unclear. We, therefore, investigated the role of TME-derived CB1 and CB2 receptors in a model of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Leukocytes in the TME of mouse and human NSCLC express CB receptors, with CB2 showing higher expression than CB1. In the tumor model, using CB1- (CB1 -/-) and CB2-knockout (CB2 -/-) mice, only deficiency of CB2, but not of CB1, resulted in reduction of tumor burden vs. wild type (WT) littermates. This was accompanied by increased accumulation and tumoricidal activity of CD8+ T and natural killer cells, as well as increased expression of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand on lymphoid and myeloid cells, respectively. CB2 -/- mice responded significantly better to anti-PD-1 therapy than WT mice. The treatment further increased infiltration of cytotoxic lymphocytes into the TME of CB2 -/- mice. Our findings demonstrate that TME-derived CB2 dictates the immune cell recruitment into tumors and the responsiveness to anti-PD-1 therapy in a model of NSCLC. CB2 could serve as an adjuvant target for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arailym Sarsembayeva
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melanie Kienzl
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Gruden
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dusica Ristic
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Maitz
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Paulina Valadez-Cosmes
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Santiso
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Carina Hasenoehrl
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Luka Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jörg Lindenmann
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Kargl
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Schicho
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,BioTechMed, Graz, Austria,*Correspondence: Rudolf Schicho,
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Roe K. Accelerated T-cell exhaustion: its pathogenesis and potentially severe outcomes. Hum Cell 2023; 36:488-490. [PMID: 36279031 PMCID: PMC9589834 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00814-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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23
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Mokhtari Z, Rezaei M, Sanei MH, Dehghanian A, Faghih Z, Heidari Z, Tavana S. Tim3 and PD-1 as a therapeutic and prognostic targets in colorectal cancer: Relationship with sidedness, clinicopathological parameters, and survival. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1069696. [PMID: 37035199 PMCID: PMC10076872 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1069696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease that complicates predicting patients' prognosis and their response to treatment. CRC prognosis is influenced by the tumor microenvironment (TME). The immune system is a critical component of the TME. Programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (Tim3) are inhibitory immune checkpoints that regulate immune response and may provide prognostic power. However, the effect of their expressions and co-expressions on the CRC prognosis remains unclear. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the CD8, CD3, PD-1, Tim3 expression, and PD-1/Tim3 co-expression in patients with CRC. Materials and Methods One hundred and thirty six patients with CRC who underwent curative surgery were enrolled in the study. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for PD-1, Tim3, CD8, and CD3, and the expression of each marker was evaluated in the center of the tumor (CT), invasive margin (IM), and adjacent normal-like tissue. Result Our results indicated that high expression of PD-1 in IM was significantly associated with lower TNM stage, T-stage, M-stage, lack of metastasis, the presence of tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS), lack of recurrence (in the left-sided tumors), and larger tumor size (in right-sided tumors) (P<0.05). High expression of PD-1 in IM was also associated with improved overall survival (OS) in a subgroup of patients with high CD8 expression. High Tim3 expression in CT was associated with higher M-stage (M1) (in left-sided CRCs) (P<0.05). It was also associated with decreased OS in total cohort and left-sided CRCs and represented an independent prognostic factor for CRC patients in multivariate analysis. PD-1 and Tim3 co-expression had no synergistic effects on predicting OS. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of immune system-related markers such as CD8, PD-1, and Tim3 depends on the primary tumor sides. We also showed that Tim3 could act as a prognostic factor and therapeutic target in CRC. This marker is probably a more preferred target for immunotherapy than PD-1, especially in left-sided CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mokhtari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- *Correspondence: Marzieh Rezaei,
| | - Mohammad Hossein Sanei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirreza Dehghanian
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Faghih
- Institute for Cancer Research (ICR), School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Heidari
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiologyt, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shirin Tavana
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Chloroquine treatment influences immunological memory through the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway during the initiation of Plasmodium chabaudi infection. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Roe K. Concurrent infections of cells by two pathogens can enable a reactivation of the first pathogen and the second pathogen's accelerated T-cell exhaustion. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11371. [PMCID: PMC9718926 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
When multiple intracellular pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoan parasites, infect the same host cell, they can help each other. A pathogen can substantially help another pathogen by disabling cellular immune defenses, using non-coding ribonucleic acids and/or pathogen proteins that target interferon-stimulated genes and other genes that express immune defense proteins. This can enable reactivation of a latent first pathogen and accelerate T-cell exhaustion and/or T-cell suppression regarding a second pathogen. In a worst-case scenario, accelerated T-cell exhaustion and/or T-cell suppression regarding the second pathogen can impair T-cell functionality and allow a first-time, immunologically novel second pathogen infection to escape all adaptive immune system defenses, including antibodies. The interactions of herpesviruses with concurrent intracellular pathogens in epithelial cells and B-cells, the interactions of the human immunodeficiency virus with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages and the interactions of Toxoplasma gondii with other pathogens in almost any type of animal cell are considered. The reactivation of latent pathogens and the acceleration of T-cell exhaustion for the second pathogen can explain several puzzling aspects of viral epidemics, such as COVID-19 and their unusual comorbidity mortality rates and post-infection symptoms.
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Gao Z, Feng Y, Xu J, Liang J. T-cell exhaustion in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: New implications for immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:977394. [PMID: 36211414 PMCID: PMC9538155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.977394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases(IMIDs) are referred to as highly disabling chronic diseases affecting different organs and systems. Inappropriate or excessive immune responses with chronic inflammation are typical manifestations. Usually in patients with chronic infection and cancer, due to long-term exposure to persistent antigens and inflammation microenvironment, T-cells are continuously stimulated and gradually differentiate into an exhausted state. Exhausted T-cells gradually lose effector function and characteristics of memory T-cells. However, existing studies have found that exhausted T-cells are not only present in the infection and tumor environment, but also in autoimmunity, and are associated with better prognosis of IMIDs. This suggests new prospects for the application of this reversible process of T-cell exhaustion in the treatment of IMID. This review will focus on the research progress of T-cell exhaustion in several IMIDs and its potential application for diagnosis and treatment in IMIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyan Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhua Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Liang, ; Jinhua Xu,
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Liang, ; Jinhua Xu,
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Zhong S, Li Q, Wen C, Li Y, Zhou Y, Jin Z, Ye G, Zhao Y, Hou J, Li Y, Tang L. Interferon α facilitates anti-HBV cellular immune response in a B cell-dependent manner. Antiviral Res 2022; 207:105420. [PMID: 36165866 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dissecting the underlying mechanism of T cells remodeling mediated by interferon α (IFN-α) is indispensable for achieving an optimum therapeutic response in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. However, little is known about B cells in this process. This study aims to elucidate the roles of B cells in IFN-α-mediated anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) cellular immunity. METHOD The effects of B cells on IFN-α-mediated T cell response were investigated in B cell-deficient mouse model with HBV and IFN-α plasmid hydrodynamic injection. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed to dissect the crosstalk among B cell and T cell subsets and the underlying molecule and pathway signatures on longitudinal blood samples from IFN-α-treated CHB patients. RESULTS B cell depletion impaired the functional T cell subsets, including HBV-specific CD8+ T cells, and engendered a delayed HBV clearance. IFN-α treatment boosted the response of HBV-specific CD8+ T cells, whereas such effects disappeared in B cell-deficient mice. The underlying mechanisms were associated with IFN-α-reinforced connections of B cells toward T cells as mediated by the antigen presentation and costimulatory functions in B cells. CONCLUSION IFN-α orchestrates protective HBV-specific cellular immunity in a B cell-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guofu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanda Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yongyin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Libo Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Ma Y, Liu X, Lou H, Chen L, He W, Pan Q, Liao D, Li J, Wu J, Xiong R, Liu S, Luo M, Wu F, Chen J, Liu Z, Tang L, Li Y, Gao Y. Impaired CD8 T cells in term pregnancy decidua with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Am J Reprod Immunol 2022; 88:e13610. [PMID: 35957616 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is more likely to develop a state of chronicity in early life, particularly mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HBV in the fetus during pregnancy. Till now, little is known about the impact of chronic HBV infection on the immune status of the maternal-fetus interface, and the immune profile of placental lymphocytes in MTCT of HBV is poorly understood. METHOD OF STUDY Thirteen term pregnant women with chronic HBV infection (HBV-PW) and thirteen normal pregnant women as healthy control (HC-PW) were enrolled. The profile of placental immune cells and paired peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Compared with HC-PW, the frequency of CD8+ T cells from the term placenta of HBV-PW was significantly reduced. These cells showed decreased expression of activation molecules CD69 and HLA-DR; thus, decidual CD8+ T cells from HBV-PW demonstrated hypofunctional signature as evidenced by significantly reduced production of IFN-γ, as well as compromised ability of degranulation and proliferation. CONCLUSIONS These findings supported that hypoactivated decidual CD8+ T cells might possess compromised ability in chronically HBV-infected term pregnant women. Our study provides robust evidence for the necessity and importance of antiviral intervention in HBV-PW to prevent MTCT of HBV. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Haonan Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University)
| | - Weiying He
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Qingqing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Dandan Liao
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital
| | - Juanhua Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zengcheng Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Jingran Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Rongzhu Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zengcheng Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Sihua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zengcheng Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Manling Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Zhihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Libo Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Yongyin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Yunfei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zengcheng Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
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Cui L, Chen L, Dai Y, Ou J, Qiu M, Wang S. Increased Level of Tim-3 +PD-1 +CD4 +T Cells With Altered Function Might Be Associated With Lower Extremity Arteriosclerosis Obliterans. Front Immunol 2022; 13:871362. [PMID: 35757718 PMCID: PMC9229777 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.871362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (LEASO) is a vascular disease that may result in adult limb loss worldwide. CD4+T cell-mediated immunity plays a significant role in LEASO. The T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) and inhibitory receptor programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) are well-known immune checkpoints that play crucial roles in regulating CD4+T cell activation or tolerance. In this study, blood mononuclear cells were isolated from the blood samples of healthy controls and patients who were diagnosed with LEASO for the first time [stage III or IV according to the Fontaine classification system and had not received drugs (except for heparin) or surgery treatment]. We concluded the higher proportion of Tim-3+PD-1+CD4+T cells in human higher stage LEASO, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein increased Tim-3 and PD-1 co-expression by activating CD4+T cells in a dose- dependent manner. Tim-3+PD-1+CD4+T cells displayed a more active status and produced more anti-atherogenic cytokines compared to Tim-3-PD-1-CD4+T cells. Apart from the increased frequency, the altered function of Tim-3+PD-1+CD4+T cells was also observed in LEASO compared to those from healthy controls. These in vitro results indicated that Tim-3 and PD-1 might be promising early warning targets of higher stage LEASO. In addition, the blockade of Tim-3 and PD-1 signaling pathways aggravated the pro-atherogenic Th1 responses in LEASO, further suggesting that the cardiovascular safety must be a criterion considered in using immune checkpoint inhibitors to reverse T cell exhaustion during tumors and chronic viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Cui
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Lanting Chen
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - JingMin Ou
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingke Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Shigatse People's Hospital, Shigatse, China
| | - Songcun Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
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Soluble T Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Domain-3 (sTIM-3) Predict Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) in Iranian Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm-120888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3) is an immune-checkpoint molecule that is upregulated following allogeneic immune responses and could play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The soluble form of TIM-3 (sTIM-3) is increased following the upregulation of membranous TIM-3. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between plasma level of sTIM-3 and acute GVHD (aGVHD) incidence in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods: Blood samples were collected from 42 allo-HSCT patients and 20 healthy individuals 2 weeks after allo-HSCT. The plasma level of sTIM-3 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The clinical and demographic data of patients were collected from the clinical documents. Data analysis was evaluated using student t-test and one-way ANOVA tests. P-values less than 0.05 were assumed statistically significant. Results: Among 18 (42.8%) patients with aGVHD symptoms, 10 (23.8%) had severe GVHD and 8 (19%) experienced mild GVHD. Plasma sTIM-3 levels at day +14 were significantly higher in patients who developed aGVHD compared to allo-HSCT patients without GVHD and also the healthy control individuals (P-value = 0.015 and < 0.001). Among the aGVHD patients, the sTIM-3 levels in those with severe GVHD were approximately 2.5 times higher than those with mild GVHD (P-value < 0.001). Conclusions: We have identified a high plasma level of sTIM-3 as a valuable biomarker in predicting the development of acute GVHD, especially severe aGVHD in allo-HSCT patients.
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Beider K, Itzhaki O, Schachter J, Grushchenko-Polaq AH, Voevoda-Dimenshtein V, Rosenberg E, Ostrovsky O, Devillers O, Shapira Frommer R, Zeltzer LA, Toren A, Jacoby E, Shimoni A, Avigdor A, Nagler A, Besser MJ. Molecular and Functional Signatures Associated with CAR T Cell Exhaustion and Impaired Clinical Response in Patients with B Cell Malignancies. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071140. [PMID: 35406703 PMCID: PMC8997745 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high rates of complete remission following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, its full capacity is currently limited by the generation of dysfunctional CAR T cells. Senescent or exhausted CAR T cells possess poor targeting and effector functions, as well as impaired cell proliferation and persistence in vivo. Strategies to detect, prevent or reverse T cell exhaustion are therefore required in order to enhance the effectiveness of CAR T immunotherapy. Here we report that CD19 CAR T cells from non-responding patients with B cell malignancies show enrichment of CD8+ cells with exhausted/senescent phenotype and display a distinct transcriptional signature with dysregulation of genes associated with terminal exhaustion. Furthermore, CAR T cells from non-responding patients exhibit reduced proliferative capacity and decreased IL-2 production in vitro, indicating functional impairment. Overall, our work reveals potential mediators of resistance, paving the way to studies that will enhance the efficacy and durability of CAR T therapy in B cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Beider
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (K.B.); (A.H.G.-P.); (V.V.-D.); (E.R.); (O.O.); (O.D.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Orit Itzhaki
- Ella Lemelbaum Institute for Immuno Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (O.I.); (J.S.); (R.S.F.); (L.-a.Z.)
| | - Jacob Schachter
- Ella Lemelbaum Institute for Immuno Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (O.I.); (J.S.); (R.S.F.); (L.-a.Z.)
| | - Ania Hava Grushchenko-Polaq
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (K.B.); (A.H.G.-P.); (V.V.-D.); (E.R.); (O.O.); (O.D.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Valeria Voevoda-Dimenshtein
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (K.B.); (A.H.G.-P.); (V.V.-D.); (E.R.); (O.O.); (O.D.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Evgenia Rosenberg
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (K.B.); (A.H.G.-P.); (V.V.-D.); (E.R.); (O.O.); (O.D.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Olga Ostrovsky
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (K.B.); (A.H.G.-P.); (V.V.-D.); (E.R.); (O.O.); (O.D.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Olivia Devillers
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (K.B.); (A.H.G.-P.); (V.V.-D.); (E.R.); (O.O.); (O.D.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Ronnie Shapira Frommer
- Ella Lemelbaum Institute for Immuno Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (O.I.); (J.S.); (R.S.F.); (L.-a.Z.)
| | - Li-at Zeltzer
- Ella Lemelbaum Institute for Immuno Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (O.I.); (J.S.); (R.S.F.); (L.-a.Z.)
| | - Amos Toren
- Center for Pediatric Cell Therapy, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (A.T.); (E.J.)
| | - Elad Jacoby
- Center for Pediatric Cell Therapy, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (A.T.); (E.J.)
| | - Avichai Shimoni
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (K.B.); (A.H.G.-P.); (V.V.-D.); (E.R.); (O.O.); (O.D.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Abraham Avigdor
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (K.B.); (A.H.G.-P.); (V.V.-D.); (E.R.); (O.O.); (O.D.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (K.B.); (A.H.G.-P.); (V.V.-D.); (E.R.); (O.O.); (O.D.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (M.J.B.)
| | - Michal J. Besser
- Ella Lemelbaum Institute for Immuno Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (O.I.); (J.S.); (R.S.F.); (L.-a.Z.)
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (M.J.B.)
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Bobcakova A, Barnova M, Vysehradsky R, Petriskova J, Kocan I, Diamant Z, Jesenak M. Activated CD8+CD38+ Cells Are Associated With Worse Clinical Outcome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:861666. [PMID: 35392095 PMCID: PMC8982066 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.861666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), that spread around the world during the past 2 years, has infected more than 260 million people worldwide and has imposed an important burden on the healthcare system. Several risk factors associated with unfavorable outcome were identified, including elderly age, selected comorbidities, immune suppression as well as laboratory markers. The role of immune system in the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection is indisputable: while an appropriate function of the immune system is important for a rapid clearance of the virus, progression to the severe and critical phases of the disease is related to an exaggerated immune response associated with a cytokine storm. We analyzed differences and longitudinal changes in selected immune parameters in 823 adult COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia. Examined parameters included the differential blood cell counts, various parameters of cellular and humoral immunity (serum concentration of immunoglobulins, C4 and C3), lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, NK cells, CD4+CD45RO+), expression of activation (HLA-DR, CD38) and inhibition markers (CD159/NKG2A). Besides already known changes in the differential blood cell counts and basic lymphocyte subsets, we found significantly higher proportion of CD8+CD38+ cells and significantly lower proportion of CD8+NKG2A+ and NK NKG2A+ cells on admission in non-survivors, compared to survivors; recovery in survivors was associated with a significant increase in the expression of HLA-DR and with a significant decrease of the proportion of CD8+CD38+cells. Furthermore, patients with fatal outcome had significantly lower concentrations of C3 and IgM on admission. However, none of the examined parameters had sufficient sensitivity or specificity to be considered a biomarker of fatal outcome. Understanding the dynamic changes in immune profile of COVID-19 patients may help us to better understand the pathophysiology of the disease, potentially improve management of hospitalized patients and enable proper timing and selection of immunomodulator drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bobcakova
- Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martina Barnova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Milos Jesenak, ; Martina Barnova,
| | - Robert Vysehradsky
- Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jela Petriskova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Kocan
- Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Diamant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Institute for Clinical Science, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Milos Jesenak
- Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
- Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Clinic of Pediatrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Milos Jesenak, ; Martina Barnova,
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Yin J, Wen M, Cheng J, Hu L, Yang L, Chang X, Zhou Z, Li H, Liu Y, Li J. A Patient With Failed Liver Transplantation After the Use of PD-1 Blockade Combined With Lenvaxen. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:712466. [PMID: 35265635 PMCID: PMC8899006 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.712466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor with high extent of invasiveness. Its invasion process is closely related to complex tumor microenvironment and microvascular characteristics. Recently, immune combined targeted therapy has been applied to patients, combination therapy program with better effect needs to be explored. Atezolizumab combined Bevacizumab regimen in phase III clinical trial IMbrave150 was approved by U.S. Federal Drug Administration (FDA) for HCC treatment. This program is mostly used for liver malignant tumors have failed other treatments. Patients in terminal stage, overall curative has an unsatisfactory effect, survival time of patients is limited. Therefore, seeking best plan for combined treatment to improve patient's life quality and survival rate are still one of the most important clinical difficulties. This report describes a 37-year-old male who suffered from HCC repeatedly relapsed after hepatectomy. The patient received transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), microwave ablation (MWA), targeted therapy, and other combined treatments, all showed poor treatment effects. He received liver transplantation (LT) after receiving PD-1 blockade combined targeted therapy, eventually died due to severe immune rejection. It's first case of an allogeneic liver transplantation patient who received PD-1 blockade and Lenvaxen combined therapy. PD-1 blockade treatment and clinical observations of this case were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Center for Surveillance of Bacterial Resistance, Hefei, China.,Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Wen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Center for Surveillance of Bacterial Resistance, Hefei, China.,Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Center for Surveillance of Bacterial Resistance, Hefei, China.,Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lifen Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Center for Surveillance of Bacterial Resistance, Hefei, China.,Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao Chang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Center for Surveillance of Bacterial Resistance, Hefei, China.,Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhongsong Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiabin Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Center for Surveillance of Bacterial Resistance, Hefei, China.,Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Roe K. NK-Cell Exhaustion, B-Cell Exhaustion and T-Cell Exhaustion - the Differences and Similarities. Immunology 2022; 166:155-168. [PMID: 35266556 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell exhaustion has been extensively researched, compared to B-cell exhaustion and NK-cell exhaustion, which have received considerably less attention; and there is less of a consensus on the precise definitions of NK-cell and B-cell exhaustion. NK-cell exhaustion, B-cell exhaustion and T-cell exhaustion are examples of lymphocyte exhaustion, and they have several differences and similarities. Lymphocyte exhaustion is also frequently confused with anergy, cellular senescence and suppression, because these conditions can have significant overlapping similarities with exhaustion. An additional source of confusion is due to the fact that lymphocyte exhaustion is not a binary state, but instead has a spectrum of severity induced by different levels and durations of continuous antigenic stimulation. Concurrent multiple types of lymphocyte exhaustion are possible, and this situation is henceforth called poly-lymphocyte exhaustion. Poly-lymphocyte exhaustion for the same cancer or pathogen would be especially dangerous. Since there are significant advantages for a pathogen by inducing poly-lymphocyte exhaustion in an immune system, there are pathogens with an evolved capability to induce poly-lymphocyte exhaustion. These pathogens may include certain manipulative viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoan parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Roe
- Retired, San Jose, California, United States of America
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35
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Khanam A, Tang LSY, Kottilil S. Programmed death 1 expressing CD8 + CXCR5 + follicular T cells constitute effector rather than exhaustive phenotype in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 2022; 75:690-708. [PMID: 34689344 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Classical CD8 T cells are implicated for protective and pathogenic roles in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. Recently, a subset of CD8 T cells expressing C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5) and exhibiting features of TFH cells has been identified during chronic viral infections. However, in CHB, knowledge of their roles is limited. APPROACH AND RESULTS We characterized circulating CD8+ CXCR5+/- cells and investigated their association with clinical and viral factors. We found that CHB infection did not influence the overall frequencies of CD8+ CXCR5+ cells whereas CD8+ CXCR5- cells were increased. However, among CHB, CD8+ CXCR5+ cells were higher in patients with low HBsAg and HBV-DNA levels, patients who were HBeAg negative and had high fibrosis scores, and these cells exhibited a significant association with HBsAg and HBV-DNA reduction. Contrarily, CD8+ CXCR5- cells were expanded and positively correlated with patients having high HBsAg, HBV-DNA, and alanine aminotransferase levels. CD8+ CXCR5+ cells express costimulatory molecules ICOS, OX40, CD40 ligand, inhibitory molecule programmed death 1, transcription factors B-cell lymphoma (BCL)-2, BCL-6, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and are enriched in effector and central memory phenotype. Moreover, these cells are heterogeneous in nature given that they constitute different subsets of cytotoxic follicular T cells (TCF), including TCF1, TCF2, TCF17, and TCF22. Despite expressing high PD-1, CD8+ CXCR5+ cells are activated, proliferating, secreting more IFN-γ, IL-21, and IL-22, and have better cytolytic potential than CD8+ CXCR5- cells, which were inhibited after PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. CD8+ CXCR5+ cells are efficient in helping B cells in terms of plasmablasts and plasma cell generation. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, CD8+ CXCR5+ cells are enriched in effector phenotypes, produce HBV-specific cytokines despite increased PD-1, and are associated with HBsAg and HBV-DNA reduction. These cells competently support B-cell function, required for viral clearance, which may serve as potential therapeutic targets for CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshi Khanam
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lydia S Y Tang
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Program in Oncology, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shyam Kottilil
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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36
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Osei SA, Biney RP, Anning AS, Nortey LN, Ghartey-Kwansah G. Low incidence of COVID-19 case severity and mortality in Africa; Could malaria co-infection provide the missing link? BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:78. [PMID: 35065613 PMCID: PMC8783581 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite reports of malaria and coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) co-infection, malaria-endemic regions have so far recorded fewer cases of COVID-19 and deaths from COVID-19, indicating a probable protection from the poor outcome of COVID-19 by malaria. On the contrary, other evidence suggests that malaria might contribute to the death caused by COVID-19. Hence, this paper reviewed existing evidence hypothesizing poor outcome or protection of COVID-19 patients when co-infected with malaria. Methods PRISMA guidelines for systematic review were employed in this study. Published articles from December 2019 to May 2021on COVID-19 and malaria co-infection and outcome were systematically searched in relevant and accessible databases following a pre-defined strategy. Studies involving human, in vivo animal studies, and in vitro studies were included. Results Twenty three (23) studies were included in the review out of the 3866 records identified in the selected scientific databases. Nine (9) papers reported on co-infection of COVID-19 and malaria. Five (5) papers provided information about synergism of malaria and COVID-19 poor prognosis, 2 papers reported on syndemic of COVID-19 and malaria intervention, and 7 studies indicated that malaria protects individuals from COVID-19. Conclusions Low incidence of COVID-19 in malaria-endemic regions supports the hypothesis that COVID-19 poor prognosis is prevented by malaria. Although further studies are required to ascertain this hypothesis, cross-immunity and common immunodominant isotopes provide strong evidence to support this hypothesis. Also, increase in co-inhibitory receptors and atypical memory B cells indicate synergy between COVID-19 and malaria outcome, though, more studies are required to make a definite conclusion. Low incidence and mortality rate of COVID-19 in malaria endemic regions There have been reports of malaria and COVID-19 co-infection Malaria could be the link for the reported low incidence of COVID-19 in Africa Cross immunity and common immunodominant epitopes between Malaria and COVID-19, and antimalaria drugs could be the reason for observed low fatality and incidence rate of COVID-19 in malaria endemic regions. Malaria infection and deaths could increase amid the COVID-19 pandemic due to interrupted malaria control interventions.
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37
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Barnova M, Bobcakova A, Urdova V, Kosturiak R, Kapustova L, Dobrota D, Jesenak M. Inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules and exhaustion of T cells in COVID-19. Physiol Res 2021; 70:S227-S247. [PMID: 34913354 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease) is an infectious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2), which belongs to the genus Betacoronavirus. It was first identified in patients with severe respiratory disease in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It mainly affects the respiratory system, and in severe cases causes serious lung infection or pneumonia, which can lead to the death of the patient. Clinical studies show that SARS-CoV-2 infection in critical cases causes acute tissue damage due to a pathological immune response. The immune response to a new coronavirus is complex and involves many processes of specific and non-specific immunity. Analysis of available studies has shown various changes, especially in the area of specific cellular immunity, including lymphopenia, decreased T cells (CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+), changes in the T cell compartment associated with symptom progression, deterioration of the condition and development of lung damage. We provide a detailed review of the analyses of immune checkpoint molecules PD-1, TIM-3, LAG-3 CTLA-4, TIGIT, BTLA, CD223, IDO-1 and VISTA on exhausted T cells in patients with asymptomatic to symptomatic stages of COVID-19 infection. Furthermore, this review may help to better understand the pathological T cell immune response and improve the design of therapeutic strategies for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barnova
- Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Teaching Hospital in Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic. and Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Clinic of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Teaching Hospital in Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic.
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Guolo F, Minetto P, Pesce S, Ballerini F, Clavio M, Cea M, Frello M, Garibotto M, Greppi M, Bozzo M, Miglino M, Passannante M, Marcolin R, Tedone E, Colombo N, Mangerini R, Bo A, Ruzzenenti MR, Carlier P, Serio A, Luchetti S, Dominietto A, Varaldo R, Candiani S, Agostini V, Ravetti JL, Del Zotto G, Marcenaro E, Lemoli RM. Post-Transplant Nivolumab Plus Unselected Autologous Lymphocytes in Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Feasible and Promising Salvage Therapy Associated With Expansion and Maturation of NK Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:753890. [PMID: 34804039 PMCID: PMC8603402 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.753890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CI) have demonstrated clinical activity in Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) patients relapsing after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), although only 20% complete response (CR) rate was observed. The efficacy of CI is strictly related to the host immune competence, which is impaired in heavily pre-treated HL patients. Here, we aimed to enhance the activity of early post-ASCT CI (nivolumab) administration with the infusion of autologous lymphocytes (ALI). Twelve patients with relapse/refractory (R/R) HL (median age 28.5 years; range 18-65), underwent lymphocyte apheresis after first line chemotherapy and then proceeded to salvage therapy. Subsequently, 9 patients with progressive disease at ASCT received early post-transplant CI supported with four ALI, whereas 3 responding patients received ALI alone, as a control cohort. No severe adverse events were recorded. HL-treated patients achieved negative PET scan CR and 8 are alive and disease-free after a median follow-up of 28 months. Four patients underwent subsequent allogeneic SCT. Phenotypic analysis of circulating cells showed a faster expansion of highly differentiated NK cells in ALI plus nivolumab-treated patients as compared to control patients. Our data show anti-tumor activity with good tolerability of ALI + CI for R/R HL and suggest that this setting may accelerate NK cell development/maturation and favor the expansion of the “adaptive” NK cell compartment in patients with HCMV seropositivity, in the absence of HCMV reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Guolo
- Department of Oncology and Hematology (DIPOE), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Minetto
- Department of Oncology and Hematology (DIPOE), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Pesce
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Filippo Ballerini
- Department of Oncology and Hematology (DIPOE), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marino Clavio
- Department of Oncology and Hematology (DIPOE), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michele Cea
- Department of Oncology and Hematology (DIPOE), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michela Frello
- Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Garibotto
- Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Greppi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Bozzo
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Miglino
- Department of Oncology and Hematology (DIPOE), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Monica Passannante
- Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Marcolin
- Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tedone
- PathologIcal Anatomy and Histology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Colombo
- PathologIcal Anatomy and Histology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosa Mangerini
- PathologIcal Anatomy and Histology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bo
- Stem Cell Processing Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Carlier
- Blood Transfusion Service and Hematology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Serio
- Stem Cell Processing Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Luchetti
- Stem Cell Processing Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alida Dominietto
- Department of Oncology and Hematology (DIPOE), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Varaldo
- Department of Oncology and Hematology (DIPOE), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Candiani
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Vanessa Agostini
- Blood Transfusion Service and Hematology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Jean Louis Ravetti
- PathologIcal Anatomy and Histology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Genny Del Zotto
- Core Facilities, Area Aggregazione Sevizi e Laboratori Diagnostici, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marcenaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Massimo Lemoli
- Department of Oncology and Hematology (DIPOE), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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39
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Nada MH, Wang H, Hussein AJ, Tanaka Y, Morita CT. PD-1 checkpoint blockade enhances adoptive immunotherapy by human Vγ2Vδ2 T cells against human prostate cancer. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1989789. [PMID: 34712512 PMCID: PMC8547840 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1989789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Vγ2Vδ2 (also termed Vγ9Vδ2) T cells play important roles in microbial and tumor immunity by monitoring foreign- and self-prenyl pyrophosphate metabolites in isoprenoid biosynthesis. Accumulation of isoprenoid metabolites after bisphosphonate treatment allows Vγ2Vδ2 T cells to recognize and kill tumors independently of their MHC expression or burden of non-synonymous mutations. Clinical trials with more than 400 patients show that adoptive immunotherapy with Vγ2Vδ2 T cells has few side effects but has resulted in only a few partial and complete remissions. Here, we have tested Vγ2Vδ2 T cells for expression of inhibitory receptors and determined whether adding PD-1 checkpoint blockade to adoptively transferred Vγ2Vδ2 T cells enhances immunity to human PC-3 prostate tumors in an NSG mouse model. We find that Vγ2Vδ2 T cells express PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, and TIM-3 inhibitory receptors during the 14-day ex vivo expansion period, and PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 upon subsequent stimulation by pamidronate-treated tumor cells. Expression of PD-L1 on PC-3 prostate cancer cells was increased by co-culture with activated Vγ2Vδ2 T cells. Importantly, anti-PD-1 mAb treatment enhanced Vγ2Vδ2 T cell immunity to PC-3 tumors in immunodeficient NSG mice, reducing tumor volume nearly to zero after 5 weeks. These results demonstrate that PD-1 checkpoint blockade can enhance the effectiveness of adoptive immunotherapy with human γδ T cells in treating prostate tumors in a preclinical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanad H Nada
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Iowa City Veterans Health Care System, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq.,Department of Medical and Health Sciences, The American University of Iraq, Sulaimani, Sulaymaniah, Iraq
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Iowa City Veterans Health Care System, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Auter J Hussein
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Iowa City Veterans Health Care System, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Salah Al-Din Directorate of Health, Ministry of Health, Iraq
| | - Yoshimasa Tanaka
- Center for Medical Innovation, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki Japan
| | - Craig T Morita
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Iowa City Veterans Health Care System, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology,University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
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40
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Perrin J, Capitao M, Allard M, Chouin N, Gouard S, Marionneau-Lambot S, Louvet C, Donnadieu E, Bruchertseifer F, Morgenstern A, Chérel M, Gaschet J, Guilloux Y. Targeted alpha particle therapy remodels the tumor microenvironment and improves efficacy of immunotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 112:790-801. [PMID: 34699930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor microenvironment (TME) can severely impair immunotherapy efficacy by repressing the immune system. In a Multiple Myeloma (MM) murine model, we investigated the impact of Targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT) on the immune TME. TAT was combined with an adoptive cell transfer of CD8 T-cells (ACT), and the mechanisms of action of this combination were assessed at the tumor site. METHODS This combination treatment was conducted in a syngeneic MM murine model grafted subcutaneously. TAT was delivered by i.v. injection of a bismuth-213 radiolabelled anti-CD138 antibody. To strengthen anti-tumor immune response, TAT was combined with an ACT of tumor specific CD8+ OT-1 T-cells. The tumors were collected and the immune TME analyzed by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and ex vivo T-cell motility assay on tumor slices. The chemokine and cytokine productions were also assessed by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Tumor specific CD8+ OT-1 T-cells infiltrated the tumors after ACT. However only treatment with TAT resulted in regulatory CD4 T-cell drop and transient increased production of IL-2, CCL-5 and IFNγ within the tumor. Moreover, OT-1 T-cell recruitment and motility were increased on tumor slices from TAT-treated mice as observed by ex vivo time lapse, contributing to a more homogeneous distribution of OT-1 T-cells in the tumor. Subsequently, the tumor cells increased PD-L1 expression, anti-tumor cytokine production decreased and OT-1 T-cells overexpressed exhaustion markers, suggesting an exhaustion of the immune response. CONCLUSION Combining TAT and ACT seems to transiently remodel the cold TME, improving ACT efficiency. The immune response then leads to the establishment of other tumor cell resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Perrin
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Marisa Capitao
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Mathilde Allard
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Chouin
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, ONIRIS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Sebastien Gouard
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
| | | | - Cédric Louvet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Emmanuel Donnadieu
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS, UMR8104, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Michel Chérel
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France; Nuclear Medicine Unit, ICO Cancer Center Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Joëlle Gaschet
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Yannick Guilloux
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France.
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41
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Rha MS, Shin EC. Activation or exhaustion of CD8 + T cells in patients with COVID-19. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2325-2333. [PMID: 34413488 PMCID: PMC8374113 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to CD4+ T cells and neutralizing antibodies, CD8+ T cells contribute to protective immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an ongoing pandemic disease. In patients with COVID-19, CD8+ T cells exhibiting activated phenotypes are commonly observed, although the absolute number of CD8+ T cells is decreased. In addition, several studies have reported an upregulation of inhibitory immune checkpoint receptors, such as PD-1, and the expression of exhaustion-associated gene signatures in CD8+ T cells from patients with COVID-19. However, whether CD8+ T cells are truly exhausted during COVID-19 has been a controversial issue. In the present review, we summarize the current understanding of CD8+ T-cell exhaustion and describe the available knowledge on the phenotypes and functions of CD8+ T cells in the context of activation and exhaustion. We also summarize recent reports regarding phenotypical and functional analyses of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells and discuss long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T-cell memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Rha
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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42
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Klaver Y, Rijnders M, Oostvogels A, Wijers R, Smid M, Grünhagen D, Verhoef C, Sleijfer S, Lamers C, Debets R. Differential quantities of immune checkpoint-expressing CD8 T cells in soft tissue sarcoma subtypes. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2019-000271. [PMID: 32792357 PMCID: PMC7430493 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Local T-cell immunity is recognized for its contribution to the evolution and therapy response of various carcinomas. Here, we investigated characteristics of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), as well as T-cell evasive mechanisms in different soft tissue sarcoma (STS) subtypes. Methods Liposarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), leiomyosarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma and pleomorphic sarcomas were assessed for T-cell numbers and phenotypes using flow cytometry. Next-generation sequencing was used to analyze T-cell receptor repertoire, mutational load, immune cell frequencies, and expression of immune-related genes. Results GIST, myxofibrosarcoma and pleomorphic sarcoma showed high numbers of CD8+ TILs, with GIST having the lowest fraction of effector memory T cells. These TILs coexpress the immune checkpoints PD1, TIM3, and LAG3 in myxofibrosarcoma and pleomorphic sarcoma, yet TILs coexpressing these checkpoints were near negligible in GIST. Fractions of dominant T-cell clones among STS subtypes were lowest in GIST and liposarcoma, whereas mutational load was relatively low in all STS subtypes. Furthermore, myeloid-derived cells and expression of the costimulatory ligands CD86, ICOS-L and 41BB-L were lowest in GIST when compared with other STS subtypes. Conclusion STS subtypes differ with respect to number and phenotypical signs of antitumor responsiveness of CD8+ TILs. Notably, GIST, myxofibrosarcoma and pleomorphic sarcoma harbor high numbers of CD8+ T cells, yet in the GIST microenvironment, these T cells are less differentiated and non-exhausted, which is accompanied with a relatively low expression of costimulatory ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarne Klaver
- Medical Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maud Rijnders
- Medical Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid Oostvogels
- Medical Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rebecca Wijers
- Medical Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Smid
- Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Grünhagen
- General Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Verhoef
- General Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Sleijfer
- Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Cor Lamers
- Medical Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reno Debets
- Medical Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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43
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Abstract
In this essay, we show that 3 distinct approaches to immunological exhaustion coexist and that they only partially overlap, generating potential misunderstandings. Exploring cases ranging from viral infections to cancer, we propose that it is crucial, for experimental and therapeutic purposes, to clarify these approaches and their interconnections so as to make the concept of exhaustion genuinely operational.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kaminski
- ImmunoConcept, CNRS & University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maël Lemoine
- ImmunoConcept, CNRS & University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thomas Pradeu
- ImmunoConcept, CNRS & University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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44
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Deng Z, Zheng Y, Cai P, Zheng Z. The Role of B and T Lymphocyte Attenuator in Respiratory System Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:635623. [PMID: 34163466 PMCID: PMC8215117 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), an immunomodulatory molecule widely expressed on the surface of immune cells, can influence various signaling pathways and negatively regulate the activation and proliferation of immune cells by binding to its ligand herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM). BTLA plays an important role in immunoregulation and is involved in the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases, including airway inflammation, asthma, infection, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and lung cancer. In recent years, some studies have found that BTLA also has played a positive regulatory effect on immunity system in the occurrence and development of respiratory diseases. Since severe pulmonary infection is a risk factor for sepsis, this review also summarized the new findings on the role of BTLA in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Deng
- General Department, Hunan Institute for Tuberculosis Control, Changsha, China.,General Department, Hunan Chest Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Pei Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- General Department, Hunan Institute for Tuberculosis Control, Changsha, China.,General Department, Hunan Chest Hospital, Changsha, China
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45
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Fan P, Li X, Feng Y, Cai H, Dong D, Peng Y, Yao X, Guo Y, Ma M, Dong T, Wang R. PD-1 Expression Status on CD8+ Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes Associates With Survival in Cervical Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:678758. [PMID: 34150643 PMCID: PMC8212040 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.678758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the expansion of PD-1 checkpoint blockade to multiple types of cancer, whether the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) expression status on CD8+ tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) could be a prognostic factor in cervical cancer is still unclear. In this study, we performed ex vivo phenotypic analysis of PD-1 expression on CD8+ TILs by flow cytometry from 47 treatment-naïve cervical cancer patients. With a median follow-up of 26.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 24-28.2 months), we then linked the quantitative cellular expression results to progression-free survival and overall survival. Based on the intensity of PD-1 expression, we further categorised the cervical cancer patients into PD-1high expressers (29.8%, 14/47) and PD-1low expressers (70.2%, 33/47). Multivariate analysis revealed that PD-1high expressers are correlated with early recurrence (HR, 5.91; 95% CI, 1.03-33.82; P= 0.046). Univariate analysis also demonstrated that PD-1high expressers are associated with poor overall survival in cervical cancer (HR, 5.365; 95% CI, 1.55-18.6; P=0.008). Moreover, our study also demonstrated that CD8+/CD4+ TIL ratio and HPV infection status are risk factors for early relapse and mortality in cervical cancer patients. In conclusion, this study confirms that PD-1 expression status is an independent prognostic factor for progression free survival in cervical cancer. These findings could be important in predicting the relapse of cervical cancer as a cellular diagnosis method and could be important knowledge for the selection of prospective PD-1 blockade candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Fan
- The Third Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Urumuqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Urumuqi, China
| | - Xi Li
- CAMS Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,MRC Human Immunology Unit (HIU), MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yaning Feng
- Key Laboratory of Oncology of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumuqi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumuqi, China
| | - Hongchao Cai
- The Third Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Urumuqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Urumuqi, China
| | - Danning Dong
- The Third Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Urumuqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Urumuqi, China
| | - Yanchun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Urumuqi, China.,CAMS Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,MRC Human Immunology Unit (HIU), MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Urumuqi, China.,CAMS Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,MRC Human Immunology Unit (HIU), MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yuping Guo
- The Third Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Urumuqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Oncology of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumuqi, China
| | - Miaomiao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Oncology of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumuqi, China
| | - Tao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Urumuqi, China.,CAMS Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,MRC Human Immunology Unit (HIU), MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ruozheng Wang
- The Third Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Urumuqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Urumuqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Oncology of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumuqi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumuqi, China
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46
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Loo Yau H, De Carvalho DD. Measuring the effect of drug treatments on primary human CD8+ T cell activation and cytolytic potential. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100549. [PMID: 34095863 PMCID: PMC8164095 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are key effector cells in adaptive immune responses against intracellular pathogens and cancer cells. Systemic drug treatments, like chemotherapy, may positively or negatively affect CD8+ T cell function. In this protocol, we describe robust and optimized ex vivo polyclonal activation and cell culture conditions to measure drug treatments' effects on primary human CD8+ T cell activation and cytolytic potential. We provide streamlined methods for measuring effector cytokines and activation markers of CD8+ T cells via flow cytometry. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Loo Yau et al. (2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Loo Yau
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada
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47
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Bozorgmehr N, Okoye I, Oyegbami O, Xu L, Fontaine A, Cox-Kennett N, Larratt LM, Hnatiuk M, Fagarasanu A, Brandwein J, Peters AC, Elahi S. Expanded antigen-experienced CD160 +CD8 +effector T cells exhibit impaired effector functions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002189. [PMID: 33931471 PMCID: PMC8098955 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background T cell exhaustion compromises antitumor immunity, and a sustained elevation of co-inhibitory receptors is a hallmark of T cell exhaustion in solid tumors. Similarly, upregulation of co-inhibitory receptors has been reported in T cells in hematological cancers such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, the role of CD160, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, as one of these co-inhibitory receptors has been contradictory in T cell function. Therefore, we decided to elucidate how CD160 expression and/or co-expression with other co-inhibitory receptors influence T cell effector functions in patients with CLL. Methods We studied 56 patients with CLL and 25 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls in this study. The expression of different co-inhibitory receptors was analyzed in T cells obtained from the peripheral blood or the bone marrow. Also, we quantified the properties of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the plasma of patients with CLL versus healthy controls. Finally, we measured 29 different cytokines, chemokines or other biomarkers in the plasma specimens of patients with CLL and healthy controls. Results We found that CD160 was the most upregulated co-inhibitory receptor in patients with CLL. Its expression was associated with an exhausted T cell phenotype. CD160+CD8+ T cells were highly antigen-experienced/effector T cells, while CD160+CD4+ T cells were more heterogeneous. In particular, we identified EVs as a source of CD160 in the plasma of patients with CLL that can be taken up by T cells. Moreover, we observed a dominantly proinflammatory cytokine profile in the plasma of patients with CLL. In particular, interleukin-16 (IL-16) was highly elevated and correlated with the advanced clinical stage (Rai). Furthermore, we observed that the incubation of T cells with IL-16 results in the upregulation of CD160. Conclusions Our study provides a novel insight into the influence of CD160 expression/co-expression with other co-inhibitory receptors in T cell effector functions in patients with CLL. Besides, IL-16-mediated upregulation of CD160 expression in T cells highlights the importance of IL-16/CD160 as potential immunotherapy targets in patients with CLL. Therefore, our findings propose a significant role for CD160 in T cell exhaustion in patients with CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Bozorgmehr
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Isobel Okoye
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Olaide Oyegbami
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lai Xu
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amelie Fontaine
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nanette Cox-Kennett
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Loree M Larratt
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark Hnatiuk
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrei Fagarasanu
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joseph Brandwein
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anthea C Peters
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada .,Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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48
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Bobcakova A, Petriskova J, Vysehradsky R, Kocan I, Kapustova L, Barnova M, Diamant Z, Jesenak M. Immune Profile in Patients With COVID-19: Lymphocytes Exhaustion Markers in Relationship to Clinical Outcome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:646688. [PMID: 33937096 PMCID: PMC8082075 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.646688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The velocity of the COVID-19 pandemic spread and the variable severity of the disease course has forced scientists to search for potential predictors of the disease outcome. We examined various immune parameters including the markers of immune cells exhaustion and activation in 21 patients with COVID-19 disease hospitalised in our hospital during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia. The results showed significant progressive lymphopenia and depletion of lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD19+) in correlation to the disease severity. Clinical recovery was associated with significant increase in CD3+ and CD3+CD4+ T-cells. Most of our patients had eosinopenia on admission, although no significant differences were seen among groups with different disease severity. Non-survivors, when compared to survivors, had significantly increased expression of PD-1 on CD4+ and CD8+ cells, but no significant difference in Tim-3 expression was observed, what suggests possible reversibility of immune paralysis in the most severe group of patients. During recovery, the expression of Tim-3 on both CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ cells significantly decreased. Moreover, patients with fatal outcome had significantly higher proportion of CD38+CD8+ cells and lower proportion of CD38+HLA-DR+CD8+ cells on admission. Clinical recovery was associated with significant decrease of proportion of CD38+CD8+ cells. The highest AUC values within univariate and multivariate logistic regression were achieved for expression of CD38 on CD8+ cells and expression of PD1 on CD4+ cells alone or combined, what suggests, that these parameters could be used as potential biomarkers of poor outcome. The assessment of immune markers could help in predicting outcome and disease severity in COVID-19 patients. Our observations suggest, that apart from the degree of depletion of total lymphocytes and lymphocytes subsets, increased expression of CD38 on CD3+CD8+ cells alone or combined with increased expression of PD-1 on CD3+CD4+ cells, should be regarded as a risk factor of an unfavourable outcome in COVID-19 patients. Increased expression of PD-1 in the absence of an increased expression of Tim-3 on CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ cells suggests potential reversibility of ongoing immune paralysis in patients with the most severe course of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bobcakova
- Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jela Petriskova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Robert Vysehradsky
- Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Kocan
- Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Kapustova
- Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Clinic of Pediatrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martina Barnova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Diamant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Institute for Clinical Science, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Milos Jesenak
- Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
- Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Clinic of Pediatrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
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49
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Mori T, Tanaka H, Suzuki S, Deguchi S, Yamakoshi Y, Yoshii M, Miki Y, Tamura T, Toyokawa T, Lee S, Muguruma K, Wanibuchi H, Ohira M. Tertiary lymphoid structures show infiltration of effective tumor-resident T cells in gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1746-1757. [PMID: 33735485 PMCID: PMC8088970 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported that tissue‐resident memory T cells (TRM cells) or tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are associated with a good prognosis. The aim of this study was to clarify the association of TRM cells and TLSs in the tumor immune microenvironment in gastric cancer (GC). We performed immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining to detect the presence of CD103+ T cells and to assess the association between CD103+ T cells and TLSs. CD103+ T cells were observed in the tumor epithelium accompanied by CD8+ T cells and were associated with a better prognosis in GC. Furthermore, CD103+ T cells were located around TLSs, and patients with CD103high had more rich TLSs. Patients who had both CD103high cells and who were TLS‐rich had a better prognosis than patients with CD103low cells and who were TLS‐poor. Moreover, for patients who received PD‐1 blockade therapy, CD103high and TLS‐rich predicted a good response. Flow cytometry was performed to confirm the characteristics of CD103+CD8+ T cells and showed that CD103+CD8+ T cells in GC expressed higher levels of PD‐1, granzyme B, and interferon‐γ than CD103−CD8+ T cells. Our results suggested that CD103+CD8+ cells in GC are correlated with TLSs, resulting in enhanced antitumor immunity in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shugo Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sota Deguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Yamakoshi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mami Yoshii
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Miki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Tamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Toyokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Lee
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Muguruma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Wanibuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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50
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ElTanbouly MA, Noelle RJ. Rethinking peripheral T cell tolerance: checkpoints across a T cell's journey. Nat Rev Immunol 2021; 21:257-267. [PMID: 33077935 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-00454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Following their exit from the thymus, T cells are endowed with potent effector functions but must spare host tissue from harm. The fate of these cells is dictated by a series of checkpoints that regulate the quality and magnitude of T cell-mediated immunity, known as tolerance checkpoints. In this Perspective, we discuss the mediators and networks that control the six main peripheral tolerance checkpoints throughout the life of a T cell: quiescence, ignorance, anergy, exhaustion, senescence and death. At the naive T cell stage, two intrinsic checkpoints that actively maintain tolerance are quiescence and ignorance. In the presence of co-stimulation-deficient T cell activation, anergy is a dominant hallmark that mandates T cell unresponsiveness. When T cells are successfully stimulated and reach the effector stage, exhaustion and senescence can limit excessive inflammation and prevent immunopathology. At every stage of the T cell's journey, cell death exists as a checkpoint to limit clonal expansion and to terminate unrestrained responses. Here, we compare and contrast the T cell tolerance checkpoints and discuss their specific roles, with the aim of providing an integrated view of T cell peripheral tolerance and fate regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A ElTanbouly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Randolph J Noelle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
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