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Toth KA, Schmitt EG, Kolicheski A, Greenberg ZJ, Levendosky E, Saucier N, Trammel K, Oikonomou V, Lionakis MS, Klechevsky E, Kim BS, Schuettpelz LG, Saligrama N, Cooper MA. A human STAT3 gain-of-function variant drives local Th17 dysregulation and skin inflammation in mice. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232091. [PMID: 38861030 PMCID: PMC11167377 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Germline gain-of-function (GOF) variants in STAT3 cause an inborn error of immunity associated with early-onset poly-autoimmunity and immune dysregulation. To study tissue-specific immune dysregulation, we used a mouse model carrying a missense variant (p.G421R) that causes human disease. We observed spontaneous and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced skin inflammation associated with cell-intrinsic local Th17 responses in STAT3 GOF mice. CD4+ T cells were sufficient to drive skin inflammation and showed increased Il22 expression in expanded clones. Certain aspects of disease, including increased epidermal thickness, also required the presence of STAT3 GOF in epithelial cells. Treatment with a JAK inhibitor improved skin disease without affecting local Th17 recruitment and cytokine production. These findings collectively support the involvement of Th17 responses in the development of organ-specific immune dysregulation in STAT3 GOF and suggest that the presence of STAT3 GOF in tissues is important for disease and can be targeted with JAK inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey A. Toth
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Erica G. Schmitt
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ana Kolicheski
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zev J. Greenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth Levendosky
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nermina Saucier
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kelsey Trammel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vasileios Oikonomou
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michail S. Lionakis
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eynav Klechevsky
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian S. Kim
- Kimberly and Eric J. Waldman Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Precision Immunology Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Mark Lebwohl Center for Neuroinflammation and Sensation, New York, NY, USA
- Allen Discovery Center for Neuroimmune Interactions, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura G. Schuettpelz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Naresha Saligrama
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Bursky Center for Human Immunology & Immunotherapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Megan A. Cooper
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Lin L, Ren R, Xiong Q, Zheng C, Yang B, Wang H. Remodeling of T-cell mitochondrial metabolism to treat autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2024:103583. [PMID: 39084278 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
T cells are key drivers of the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by producing cytokines, stimulating the generation of autoantibodies, and mediating tissue and cell damage. Distinct mitochondrial metabolic pathways govern the direction of T-cell differentiation and function and rely on specific nutrients and metabolic enzymes. Metabolic substrate uptake and mitochondrial metabolism form the foundational elements for T-cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and effector function, contributing to the dynamic interplay between immunological signals and mitochondrial metabolism in coordinating adaptive immunity. Perturbations in substrate availability and enzyme activity may impair T-cell immunosuppressive function, fostering autoreactive responses and disrupting immune homeostasis, ultimately contributing to autoimmune disease pathogenesis. A growing body of studies has explored how metabolic processes regulate the function of diverse T-cell subsets in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and psoriasis. This review describes the coordination of T-cell biology by mitochondrial metabolism, including the electron transport chain (ETC), oxidative phosphorylation, amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and one‑carbon metabolism. This study elucidated the intricate crosstalk between mitochondrial metabolic programs, signal transduction pathways, and transcription factors. This review summarizes potential therapeutic targets for T-cell mitochondrial metabolism and signaling in autoimmune diseases, providing insights for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruyu Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiao Xiong
- Department of Infectious Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infection Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Huiqing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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3
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Alsabbagh MM. Cytokines in psoriasis: From pathogenesis to targeted therapy. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110814. [PMID: 38768527 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease that affects 0.84% of the global population and it can be associated with disabling comorbidities. As patients present with thick scaly lesions, psoriasis was long believed to be a disorder of keratinocytes. Psoriasis is now understood to be the outcome of the interaction between immunological and environmental factors in individuals with genetic predisposition. While it was initially thought to be solely mediated by cytokines of type-1 immunity, namely interferon-γ, interleukin-2, and interleukin-12 because it responds very well to cyclosporine, a reversible IL-2 inhibitor; the discovery of Th-17 cells advanced the understanding of the disease and helped the development of biological therapy. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the role of cytokines in psoriasis, highlighting areas of controversy and identifying the connection between cytokine imbalance and disease manifestations. It also presents the approved targeted treatments for psoriasis and those currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manahel Mahmood Alsabbagh
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders and Department of Molecular Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
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Shellard EM, Rane SS, Eyre S, Warren RB. Functional Genomics and Insights into the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Psoriasis. Biomolecules 2024; 14:548. [PMID: 38785955 PMCID: PMC11117854 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a lifelong, systemic, immune mediated inflammatory skin condition, affecting 1-3% of the world's population, with an impact on quality of life similar to diseases like cancer or diabetes. Genetics are the single largest risk factor in psoriasis, with Genome-Wide Association (GWAS) studies showing that many psoriasis risk genes lie along the IL-23/Th17 axis. Potential psoriasis risk genes determined through GWAS can be annotated and characterised using functional genomics, allowing the identification of novel drug targets and the repurposing of existing drugs. This review is focused on the IL-23/Th17 axis, providing an insight into key cell types, cytokines, and intracellular signaling pathways involved. This includes examination of currently available biological treatments, time to relapse post drug withdrawal, and rates of primary/secondary drug failure, showing the need for greater understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms of psoriasis and how they can impact treatment. This could allow for patient stratification towards the treatment most likely to reduce the burden of disease for the longest period possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elan May Shellard
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Shraddha S. Rane
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (S.S.R.); (S.E.)
| | - Stephen Eyre
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (S.S.R.); (S.E.)
| | - Richard B. Warren
- Dermatology Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M6 8HD, UK;
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
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5
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Liu X, Chen L, Peng W, Deng H, Ni H, Tong H, Hu H, Wang S, Qian J, Liang A, Chen K. Th17/Treg balance: the bloom and wane in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1356869. [PMID: 38558800 PMCID: PMC10978743 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1356869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a multi-organ dysfunction characterized by an unregulated host response to infection. It is associated with high morbidity, rapid disease progression, and high mortality. Current therapies mainly focus on symptomatic treatment, such as blood volume supplementation and antibiotic use, but their effectiveness is limited. Th17/Treg balance, based on its inflammatory property, plays a crucial role in determining the direction of the inflammatory response and the regression of organ damage in sepsis patients. This review provides a summary of the changes in T-helper (Th) 17 cell and regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation and function during sepsis, the heterogeneity of Th17/Treg balance in the inflammatory response, and the relationship between Th17/Treg balance and organ damage. Th17/Treg balance exerts significant control over the bloom and wanes in host inflammatory response throughout sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyong Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Longwang Chen
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hongsheng Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hongying Ni
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hongjie Tong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hangbo Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Shengchao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Andong Liang
- Nursing Faculty, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
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Zhu Q, Zhao L, Ding H, Song J, Zhang Q, Yu S, Wang Y, Wang H. Interleukins and Psoriasis. J Cutan Med Surg 2024; 28:NP19-NP35. [PMID: 38314729 DOI: 10.1177/12034754241227623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects 2% to 3% of the world's population. It is widely assumed that immune cells and cytokines acting together play a crucial part in the pathophysiology of psoriasis by promoting the excessive proliferation of skin keratinocytes and inflammatory infiltration. Interleukins (ILs), as a critical component of cytokines, have been closely associated with the pathogenesis and progression of psoriasis. This review summarizes the current contribution of ILs to psoriasis and describes the role each IL performs in psoriasis. Furthermore, the paper presents the therapeutic effects and application prospects of biologics developed for ILs in clinical treatment and experiments. The study aims to further the research on ILs in the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Linna Zhao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Haining Ding
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingna Song
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuhua Yu
- Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Wang Z, Liu Z, Zheng J, Huang L, Jin R, Wang X, Chen D, Xie Y, Feng B. The effects of low-dose IL-2 on Th17/Treg cell imbalance in primary biliary cholangitis mouse models. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:87. [PMID: 38408917 PMCID: PMC10895794 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease. The imbalance of Th17/Treg cells has been reported in PBC patients. Low-dose IL-2 can alleviate disease severity through modulating CD4 + T cell subsets in patients with autoimmune diseases. Hence, the present study aimed to examine the effects and mechanism of low-dose IL-2 in PBC mouse models. METHODS PBC models were induced in female C57BL/6 mice by two immunizations with 2OA-BSA at two-week intervals, and poly I: C every three days. PBC mouse models were divided into the IL-2 treated and untreated groups and low-dose IL-2 was injected at three different time points. Th17 and Tregs were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the related cytokines were analyzed by ELISA. Liver histopathology was examined by H&E and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Twelve weeks after modeling, the serum AMA was positive and the ALP was significantly increased in PBC mouse models (P<0.05). The pathology showed lymphocyte infiltration in the portal area, damage, and reactive proliferation of the small bile duct (P<0.05). The flow cytometric showed the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells in the liver of PBC mouse models, with decreased Treg cells, increased Th17 cells, and Th17/Treg ratio (P < 0.05). After the low-dose IL-2 intervention, biochemical index and liver pathologies showed improvement at 12 weeks. Besides, the imbalance of Th17 and Treg cells recovered. Public database mining showed that Th17 cell differentiation may contribute to poor response in PBC patients. CONCLUSION Low-dose IL-2 can significantly improve liver biochemistry and pathology by reversing the imbalance of Th17 and Treg cells, suggesting that it may be a potential therapeutic target for PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Zhicheng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Linxiang Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Dongbo Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Yandi Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China.
| | - Bo Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China.
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Song X, He Y, Huo Y, Jiang H, Yu Y, Sun Y, Liu Z, Zhang Z. Normalized circulating Tfh and Th17 associates with improvement in myasthenia gravis treated with ofatumumab. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1280029. [PMID: 38415260 PMCID: PMC10898244 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1280029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the effect of B cell depletion therapy (BCDT) on circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) and circulating T helper 17 (cTh17) cells and its relation to clinical improvement in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods 28 anti-AchR positive MG patients treated with ofatumumab and 28 healthy controls (HCs) were included. Frequencies of cTfh and cTh17 cells were monitored by flow cytometry at baseline and 4, and 12 weeks after the initial dose ofatumumab. Serum cytokines associated with cTfh and cTh17, including IL-6, IL-21, and IL-17, were also analyzed. Results The frequency of cTfh and cTh17 significantly increased in MG patients compared with HCs. Additionally, elevated levels of both T-cell subsets correlated with MG severity. During the follow-up, cTfh and cTh17 return to normal after BCDT. Furthermore, the decrease in cTfh and cTh17 was associated with MG scores improvement over time. Notably, cTfh- and cTh17-related cytokines, including IL-6, IL-21, and IL-17, exhibited a marked decrease following ofatumumab therapy. Conclusions Abnormal expansion of cTfh and cTh17 cells may be key features in the immunopathology of MG. Their levels returned to normal after BCDT, which was closely correlated with clinical amelioration. This result suggests that these two T-cell subsets may be targets for BCDT treatment of MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Song
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Huo
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zunjing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
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Koh CH, Kim BS, Kang CY, Chung Y, Seo H. IL-17 and IL-21: Their Immunobiology and Therapeutic Potentials. Immune Netw 2024; 24:e2. [PMID: 38455465 PMCID: PMC10917578 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies over the last 2 decades have identified IL-17 and IL-21 as key cytokines in the modulation of a wide range of immune responses. IL-17 serves as a critical defender against bacterial and fungal pathogens, while maintaining symbiotic relationships with commensal microbiota. However, alterations in its levels can lead to chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. IL-21, on the other hand, bridges the adaptive and innate immune responses, and its imbalance is implicated in autoimmune diseases and cancer, highlighting its important role in both health and disease. Delving into the intricacies of these cytokines not only opens new avenues for understanding the immune system, but also promises innovative advances in the development of therapeutic strategies for numerous diseases. In this review, we will discuss an updated view of the immunobiology and therapeutic potential of IL-17 and IL-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choong-Hyun Koh
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Byung-Seok Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Chang-Yuil Kang
- Research & Development Center, Cellid Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yeonseok Chung
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyungseok Seo
- Laboratory of Cell & Gene Therapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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10
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Li J, Yan W, Yuan H, Ren F. Theacrine enhances autophagy and inhibits inflammation via regulating SIRT3/FOXO3a/Parkin pathway. Int J Rheum Dis 2024; 27:e15085. [PMID: 38402443 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.15085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis, a common chronic inflammatory skin condition, impacts around 2%-3% of the global population. Theacrine is recognized for its potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the role of theacrine in psoriasis remains unclear. PURPOSES To investigate the effects of theacrine on psoriasis and explore the underlying signaling pathways. METHODS For imiquimod (IMQ)-induced Psoriasis-like mice, the psoriatic inflammation was monitored using Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). The skin damage was observed using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. The KI67 and CD4 in skin tissues were assessed using Immunohistochemistry analysis. Western blots were performed to evaluate the expression of Keratin 1 (KRT1), KRT6, LC3, P62, Beclin1, T-bet, GATA3, RAR-related orphan receptor (ROR)-γt, Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), Forkhead Box O3a (FOXO3a) and Parkin. Additionally, LC3B expression was analyzed using an immunofluorescent assay, while flow cytometry was performed to analyze the percentage of Th17, Th1, and Th2 positive cells in skin-draining lymph node. RESULTS Theacrine improved skin condition by reducing hyperkeratosis and acanthosis, lowering PASI scores, and decreasing KI67-positive cells. Theacrine also modulated keratin expression, elevating KRT1 while reducing KRT6 levels. Theacrine enhanced autophagy indicated by an increased LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and Beclin1, while reduced P62 levels. Additionally, Theacrine reduced CD4-positive cells and suppressed Th17 and Th1 cell activation. Theacrine activated the FOXO3a/Parkin pathway by upregulating SIRT3 expression, and down-regulation of SIRT3 counteracted theacrine's effects in psoriasis-like mice. CONCLUSION Theacrine inhibits skin damage, promotes autophagy, and mediates inflammation in IMQ-induced psoriasis mice via upregulating SIRT3 to activate FOXO3a/Parkin pathway, positioning theacrine as a candidate for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenliang Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongshan Yuan
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Ren
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Rusiñol L, Puig L. Multi-Omics Approach to Improved Diagnosis and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1042. [PMID: 38256115 PMCID: PMC10815999 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis fall within the category of cutaneous immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). The prevalence of IMIDs is increasing in industrialized societies, influenced by both environmental changes and a genetic predisposition. However, the exact immune factors driving these chronic, progressive diseases are not fully understood. By using multi-omics techniques in cutaneous IMIDs, it is expected to advance the understanding of skin biology, uncover the underlying mechanisms of skin conditions, and potentially devise precise and personalized approaches to diagnosis and treatment. We provide a narrative review of the current knowledge in genomics, epigenomics, and proteomics of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. A literature search was performed for articles published until 30 November 2023. Although there is still much to uncover, recent evidence has already provided valuable insights, such as proteomic profiles that permit differentiating psoriasis from mycosis fungoides and β-defensin 2 correlation to PASI and its drop due to secukinumab first injection, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Rusiñol
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Unitat Docent Hospital Universitari Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Puig
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Unitat Docent Hospital Universitari Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
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Zhu X, Xu Q, Liu Z, Cao Z, Li M, Wei J, Du L, Han C, Zhang C. Qingre Lishi Decoction ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin lesions in SKH-1 mice by regulating the Treg-DC-Th17 axis and inhibiting MAPK-mediated DC maturation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116931. [PMID: 37473822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Psoriasis, an immune system disorder, is a chronic relapsing disease that cannot be cured. Chinese herbal medicine is gradually considered a promising alternative treatment for psoriasis due to its multiple effects, ability to target multiple pathways and lower toxicity. Qingre Lishi Decoction (QRLSD) is effective in clinical treatment. However, its related molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this research was to investigate the therapeutic impacts of Qingre Lishi Decoction on the murine model of psoriasis-like skin lesions induced by imiquimod and to reveal the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, QRLSD was orally administered to evaluate its efficacy in an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis mouse model. Further, UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to analyze the compounds of QRLSD. To investigate the mechanism and main targets of QRLSD for treating psoriasis, network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were utilized. Finally, To further confirm the anti-psoriasis target, dendritic cells derived from bone marrow (BMDCs) were cultured in vitro. RESULTS In vivo experiments found that QRLSD could regulate the ratio of dendritic cells, Treg cells, and Th17 cells in the body and inhibit inflammation and keratinocyte proliferation in psoriasis-like skin lesions. Further analysis showed that the p38-MAPK pathway is one of its main signaling pathways. In vitro experiments confirmed that QRLSD suppressed the maturation and activation of BMDCs via the p38-MAPK signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that Qingre Lishi Decoction has the promise to be an effective formula for treating psoriasis through the p38-MAPK pathway, which can help break through the current limitations of psoriasis in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhu
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cao
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Mingming Li
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Lingyun Du
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Changyu Han
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China.
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Han D, Li F, Zhao Y, Wang B, Wang J, Liu B, Mou K, Meng L, Zheng Y, Lu S, Zhu W, Zhou Y. IL-21 promoting angiogenesis contributes to the development of psoriasis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23375. [PMID: 38102968 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201709rrrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated IL-21 expression which can effectively induce Th17 cell differentiation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, but its role in angiogenesis remains poorly understood. METHODS PASI and PSI score assessment was applied to evaluate the severity of psoriatic lesions. The expression of IL-21, IL-21 receptor (IL-21R), CD31, VEGFA, MMP-9, and ICAM-1 in skin was determined by immunohistochemistry or quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The serum level of IL-21 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Then, their correlation was analyzed statistically. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cocultured with conditional medium from normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) were treated with IL-21 and/or M5 cocktail (mixture of IL-1α, IL-17A, IL-22, TNF-α, and oncostatin M). The migration and tube formation of HUVECs were detected, and the levels of VEGFA, MMP-9, and ICAM-1 in NHEKs were measured by Western blotting or ELISA. RESULTS Increased IL-21 and IL-21R expression was observed in psoriatic sera or skin specimens, with IL-21R mainly locating in keratinocytes and IL-21 in immune cells. Pearson analysis showed significantly positive correlation between IL-21/IL-21R and erythema scores/microvessel density in psoriatic lesions. Moreover, the expression of proangiogenic genes, VEGFA, ICAM-1, and MMP-9 was upregulated in skins of psoriasis. Additionally, in M5 microenvironment, migration and tube formation could be magnified in HUVECs using IL-21 pre-treated NHEK medium. Mechanically, the co-stimulation of IL-21 and M5 to NEHKs increased the expression of ICAM-1. CONCLUSION IL-21 could regulate keratinocytes to secrete ICAM-1, thereby promoting angiogenesis in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Han
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kuanhou Mou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liesu Meng
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shemin Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenhua Zhu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Cai Y, Ji H, Zhou X, Zhao K, Zhang X, Pan L, Shi R. Interleukin-21 modulates balance between regulatory T cells and T-helper 17 cells in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:719. [PMID: 37875903 PMCID: PMC10594809 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08723-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic HBV infection is always accompanied by differences in the balance between regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T-helper 17 (Th17) cells in infection phases. IL-21 plays an important role in the progression of chronic HBV infection. Thus, the aim of our study was to investigate the role of the regulatory function of IL-21 in maintaining the balance between Tregs and Th17 cells in chronic HBV infection. METHODS Twenty-five chronic HBV-infected patients in the immune-tolerant (IT) phase and 23 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients were recruited in this study. Cytokines production was measured by ELISA. The mRNA expression levels were determined by qPCR. CD4+T cells were stimulated with or without IL-21. Tregs and Th17 cells were measured by flow cytometry. pSTAT3 and STAT3 expression was assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS The concentration of IL-21 in the serum of CHB were significantly higher than that in the serum from IT patients, and IL-21 and IL-21R levels in the PBMCs from CHB were higher than those from IT patients. IL-21 promoted Th17 cells differentiation and function but inhibited Treg cells differentiation and function by activating STAT3 signaling pathways, upregulating RORγt expression, downregulating Foxp3 expression, by increasing IL-17and IL-22 secretion, and decreasing TGF-β secretion in chronic HBV infection. The proportion of Tregs and TGF-β concentrations in CHB was significantly lower than that in IT patients. Furthermore, the percentage of Th17 cells and the IL-17 concentration in CHB was markedly higher than that in IT patients, causing a reduction in the Tregs/Th17 ratio in CHB patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that IL-21 may contribute to inflammation in chronic HBV infection by modulating the balance between Treg and Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cai
- Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Gastroenterology Disease, The First People's Hospital of Jintan District, Changzhou, 213200, China
| | - Hailei Ji
- Department of Infections Disease, The Third People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, 212000, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology Disease, The First People's Hospital of Jintan District, Changzhou, 213200, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology Disease, The First People's Hospital of Jintan District, Changzhou, 213200, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology Disease, The First People's Hospital of Jintan District, Changzhou, 213200, China
| | - Liang Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology Disease, The First People's Hospital of Jintan District, Changzhou, 213200, China
| | - Ruihua Shi
- Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology Disease, The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Yan K, Zhang F, Ren J, Huang Q, Yawalkar N, Han L. MicroRNA-125a-5p regulates the effect of Tregs on Th1 and Th17 through targeting ETS-1/STAT3 in psoriasis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:678. [PMID: 37773129 PMCID: PMC10543306 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is an inflammatory disease mediated by helper T (Th)17 and Th1 cells. MicroRNA-125a (miR-125a) is reduced in the lesional skin of psoriatic patients. However, the mechanism by which miR-125a participates in psoriasis remains unclear. METHODS The levels of miR-125a-5p and its downstream targets (ETS-1, IFN-γ, and STAT3) were detected in CD4+ T cells of healthy controls and psoriatic patients by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In vitro, transfection of miR-125a-5p mimics was used to analyze the effect of miR-125a-5p on the differentiation of Th17 cells by flow cytometry. Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model was used to evaluate the role of upregulating miR-125a-5p by intradermal injection of agomir-125a-5p in vivo. RESULTS miR-125a-5p was downregulated in peripheral blood CD4+ T cells of psoriatic patients, which was positively associated with the proportion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and negatively correlated with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score. Moreover, the miR-125a-5p mimics promoted the differentiation of Tregs and downregulated the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of ETS-1, IFN-γ, and STAT3 in murine CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, agomir-125a-5p alleviated psoriasis-like inflammation in an IMQ-induced mouse model by downregulating the proportion of Th17 cells. CONCLUSIONS miR-125a-5p may have therapeutic potential in psoriasis by restoring the suppressive function of Tregs on Th17 cells through targeting STAT3, and on Th1 cells indirectly through targeting ETS-1 and IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexiang Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Fuxin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Nikhil Yawalkar
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ling Han
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Chang L, Wu H, Huang W, Li Y, Chen Y, Li X, Yao Z, Chen X, Lai X, Zheng R, Huang Z, Wu X, Zhang G. IL-21 induces pyroptosis of Treg cells via Akt-mTOR-NLRP3-caspase 1 axis in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:641-655.e14. [PMID: 37164271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T (Treg) cells, which prevent inflammation-induced eosinophil infiltration, are deficient in nasal polyps (NPs) in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS). It is concomitant with loss of Foxp3 after certain inflammatory stimuli. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the inflammatory cytokines involved in inducing the loss of Treg cells in NPs. METHODS The abundance of cytokines in ECRS patients or mice were tested using ELISA, immunochemistry, immunofluorescence, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qPCR), and/or flow cytometry. Expression of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), CD4+ T cells, IL-4, and IL-17A and eosinophils in nasal mucosa of mouse model was investigated by immunochemistry, immunofluorescence, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The percentage and death of induced Treg (iTreg) cells, source of IL-21 in NPs from ECRS and non-ECRS patients, and abundance of different systemic phenotypes of CD4+ T cells in a mouse model were studied by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis, scanning, and transmission electronic microscopy were used to detect pyroptosis of iTreg cells. RESULTS IL-21 was highly expressed in nasal mucosa of ECRS patients and mice, causing pyroptosis and preventing development of iTreg cells in vitro. The elevated IL-21 in NPs from ECRS patients was mainly produced by CD3+ T cells, including T follicular helper, T peripheral helper, TH2, and TH17 cells and CD3+CD4- T cells. T peripheral helper cells and CD3+CD4- T cells were the predominant source of IL-21 in NPs from non-ECRS patients. Blocking IL-21/IL-21R signaling significantly reduced the number of eosinophils and CD4+ T cells along with ECP, IL-4, and IL-17A expression in the nasal mucosa of ECRS mice. It also increased Treg cell percentage and systemically decreased TH2 and TH17 ratios. Akt-mTOR inhibition prevented IL-21-induced pyroptosis in human and mouse iTreg cells. CONCLUSION Elevated IL-21 drives pyroptosis and prevents Treg cell development in ECRS patients. IL-21 induced pyroptosis via activating Akt-mTOR-NLRP3-caspase 1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqiang Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Clinical Immunology, the Third Hospital at Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhouzhou Yao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Lai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zizhen Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xifu Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gehua Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Mateu-Arrom L, Puig L. Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms of Psoriasis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1619. [PMID: 37628670 PMCID: PMC10454222 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a disease involving the innate and adaptative components of the immune system, and it is triggered by environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals. However, its physiopathology is not fully understood yet. Recent technological advances, especially in genome and epigenome-wide studies, have provided a better understanding of the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms to determine the physiopathology of psoriasis and facilitate the development of new drugs. This review intends to summarize the current evidence on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lluis Puig
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Tang Y, Yu J, Zhao W, Liu J, Peng H, Zhang H, Jiang Z, Yu Q, Zhang L. Total glucosides of Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae: a therapeutic approach for psoriasis by regulating Th17/Treg balance. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:589-598. [PMID: 37611977 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Total glucosides of Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae (RSG) are selective immunosuppressants that exhibit primary efficacy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis through targeted inhibition of activated T cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential application of RSG in the treatment of psoriasis and elucidate its mechanism of action and material basis. Our findings revealed significant improvements upon administration of RSG in an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis model. These improvements were characterized by a remarkable increase in the number of tail scales in mice and a substantial amelioration of skin erythema, ulceration, and flaking. By transcriptome sequencing and T-cell flow sorting assay, we identified notable effects of RSG on the modulation of various cellular processes. Specifically, RSG prominently down-regulated the Th17/Treg ratio in damaged skin tissues and reduced the proportion of G2 phase cells. Furthermore, RSG exhibited a stimulatory effect on the proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells. Of particular interest, we discovered that β-sitosterol, sitostenone, stigmasterol, smiglanin, and cinchonain Ib displayed potent inhibitory effects on the IL-17-mediated inflammatory response in HaCaT cells. In summary, our study highlights the therapeutic potential of RSG in the treatment of psoriasis, attributed to its ability to regulate the Th17/Treg balance. These findings contribute to the development of new indications for RSG and provide a solid theoretical foundation for further exploration in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhan Tang
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Guangzhou Baiyunshan Jingxiutang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510130, China
| | - Jingyi Yu
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Juyan Liu
- Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Holdings Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510103, China
| | - Hongying Peng
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Jingxiutang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510130, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qinwei Yu
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Luyong Zhang
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Kuczyńska M, Gabig-Cimińska M, Moskot M. Molecular treatment trajectories within psoriatic T lymphocytes: a mini review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1170273. [PMID: 37251381 PMCID: PMC10213638 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1170273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple biological processes in mammalian cells are implicated in psoriasis (Ps) development and progression, as well as in the pathogenic mechanisms associated with this chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID). These refer to molecular cascades contributing to the pathological topical and systemic reactions in Ps, where local skin-resident cells derived from peripheral blood and skin-infiltrating cells originating from the circulatory system, in particular T lymphocytes (T cells), are key actors. The interplay between molecular components of T cell signalling transduction and their involvement in cellular cascades (i.e. throughout Ca2+/CaN/NFAT, MAPK/JNK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, JAK/STAT pathways) has been of concern in the last few years; this is still less characterised than expected, even though some evidence has accumulated to date identifying them as potential objects in the management of Ps. Innovative therapeutic strategies for the use of compounds such as synthetic Small Molecule Drugs (SMDs) and their various combinations proved to be promising tools for the treatment of Ps via incomplete blocking, also known as modulation of disease-associated molecular tracks. Despite recent drug development having mainly centred on biological therapies for Ps, yet displaying serious limitations, SMDs acting on specific pathway factor isoforms or single effectors within T cell, could represent a valid innovation in real-world treatment patterns in patients with Ps. Of note, due to the intricate crosstalk between intracellular pathways, the use of selective agents targeting proper tracks is, in our opinion, a challenge for modern science regarding the prevention of disease at its onset and also in the prediction of patient response to Ps treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Moskot
- *Correspondence: Magdalena Gabig-Cimińska, ; Marta Moskot,
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Zhong W, Feng L, Tian W, Qu H, Xu H, Ning K, Liu L, Liu W, Gong X, Chen H. SMURF1 inhibits the Th17 and Th17.1 polarization and improves the Treg/Th17 imbalance in systemic lupus erythematosus through the ubiquitination of RORγt. Mol Immunol 2023; 157:186-194. [PMID: 37054520 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease. This study aimed to investigate the role of SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (SMURF1) in the Th17 and Th17.1 differentiation and Treg/Th17 imbalance, which are major factors contributing to the pathogenesis of SLE. SLE patients and healthy individuals were recruited to detect the SMURF1 levels in naïve CD4+ cells from peripheral blood. Purified and expanded naïve CD4+ T cells were employed to evaluate the effects of SMURF1 on Th17 and Th17.1 polarization in vitro. MRL/lpr lupus model was employed to explore the disease phenotype as well as Treg/Th17 balance in vivo. The results showed that SMURF1 was down-regulated in naïve CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood of patients with SLE and in spleen of MRL/lpr mice. SMURF1 overexpression suppressed the polarization of naïve CD4+ T cells toward Th17 and Th17.1 phenotype and down-regulated the expression of retinoid-related orphan receptor-gammat (RORγt). Subsequently, SMURF1 down-regulation aggravated the disease phenotype, inflammation, and the Treg/Th17 imbalance in MRL/lpr mice. Furthermore, we found that SMURF overexpression promoted the ubiquitination and decreases the stability of RORγt. In conclusion, SMURF1 inhibited the polarization of Th17 and Th17.1 cells and improved the Treg/Th17 imbalance in SLE, which was mediated as least partly by the ubiquitination of RORγt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China; Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Leheng Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China; Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China; Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Hongbo Qu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China; Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Haibo Xu
- Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China; Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Ke Ning
- Department of International Medical Service, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China; Department of Imaging, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Qinhuangdao Jungong Hospital, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Gong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China; Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China; TCM Geriatric Department, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China; Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, PR China.
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Shahine Y, El-Aal SAA, Reda AM, Sheta E, Atia NM, Abdallah OY, Ibrahim SSA. Diosmin nanocrystal gel alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriasis in rats via modulating TLR7,8/NF-κB/micro RNA-31, AKT/mTOR/P70S6K milieu, and Tregs/Th17 balance. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:1341-1359. [PMID: 37010718 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01198-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Diosmin is a flavonoid with promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, it has difficult physicochemical characteristics since its solubility demands a pH level of 12, which has an impact on the drug's bioavailability. The aim of this work is the development and characterization of diosmin nanocrystals using anti-solvent precipitation technique to be used for topical treatment of psoriasis. Results revealed that diosmin nanocrystals stabilized with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC E15) in ratio (diosmin:polymer; 1:1) reached the desired particle size (276.9 ± 16.49 nm); provided promising colloidal properties and possessed high drug release profile. Additionally, in-vivo assessment was carried out to evaluate and compare the activities of diosmin nanocrystal gel using three different doses and diosmin powder gel in alleviating imiquimod-induced psoriasis in rats and investigating their possible anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Herein, 125 mg of 5% imiquimod cream (IMQ) was applied topically for 5 consecutive days on the shaved backs of rats to induce psoriasis. Diosmin nanocrystal gel especially in the highest dose used offered the best anti-inflammatory effect. This was confirmed by causing the most statistically significant reduction in the psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score and the serum inflammatory cytokines levels. Furthermore, it was capable of maintaining the balance between T helper (Th17) and T regulatory (Treg) cells. Moreover, it tackled TLR7/8/NF-κB, miRNA-31, AKT/mTOR/P70S6K and elevated the TNFAIP3/A20 (a negative regulator of NF-κB) expression in psoriatic skin tissues. This highlights the role of diosmin nanocrystal gel in tackling imiquimod-induced psoriasis in rats, and thus it could be a novel promising therapy for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Shahine
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sarah A Abd El-Aal
- Department of Pharmacy, Kut University College, Al Kut, Wasit, 52001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed M Reda
- Department of Pharmacy, Kut University College, Al Kut, Wasit, 52001, Iraq
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Sheta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nouran M Atia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ossama Y Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sherihan Salaheldin Abdelhamid Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria (PUA), Canal El- Mahmoudia Street, Smouha, Alexandria, Egypt.
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22
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da Costa LCO, Gardinassi LG, Veras FP, Milanezi C, Ramalho LNZ, Benevides L, Alves-Filho JC, da Silva JS, da Silva Souza C. Expression of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1) in keratinocyte and cytokine signalling drives human Th17 response in psoriasis. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:481-490. [PMID: 36042041 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional factor B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1) is pivotally implicated in T helper 17 (Th17) cell differentiation. This study investigated expression of the Blimp-1 protein, positive regulatory domain 1 (PRDM1), and cytokine genes in psoriasis (PsO). Affected (AS-PsO) and non-affected skin (nAS-PsO) samples were used to assess gene and protein expressions by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and immunostaining and confocal microscopy, respectively; the normalised public transcriptomic data permitted differential gene expression analyses. On RT-qPCR, PRDM1 and IL17A transcripts showed higher expression in AS-PsO than in nAS-PsO (n = 34) (p < 0.001; p < 0.0001, respectively). Confocal microscopy showed Blimp-1 protein expression in epidermal layer keratinocytes in AS-PsO, but not in nAS-PsO. Bioinformatic analysis of the transcriptomic dataset GSE13355 corroborated the increased PRDM1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), IL12B, TNF, IL17A, IL6, IL1B, IL22, and IL10 gene expression in AS-PsO, when compared to normal skin and nAS-PsO (p < 0.001). PRDM1 expression correlated positively (p < 0.0001) with that of IL17A (r = 0.7), IL1B (r = 0.67), IL12B (r = 0.6), IL6 (r = 0.59), IL22 (r = 0.53), IL23A (r = 0.47), IL21 (r = 0.47), IL27 (r = 0.34), IL23R (r = 0.32), S100 calcium binding protein A9 (r = 0.63), and lipocalin 2 (r = 0.50), and negatively with that of TGFB1 (r = - 0.28) and RORC (r = - 0.60). Blimp-1 may be critical in the pathogenesis of PsO dysregulation involving the Th17 inflammatory pathway. This knowledge may accelerate the development of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Carla Oliveira da Costa
- Dermatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14048-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Gardinassi
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Flávio Protásio Veras
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Milanezi
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Benevides
- Fiocruz-Bi-Institutional Translational Medicine Plataform, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Alves-Filho
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Santana da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Fiocruz-Bi-Institutional Translational Medicine Plataform, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cacilda da Silva Souza
- Dermatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14048-900, Brazil.
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Kargar M, Torabizadeh M, Purrahman D, Zayeri ZD, Saki N. Regulatory factors involved in Th17/Treg cell balance of immune thrombocytopenia. Curr Res Transl Med 2023; 71:103389. [PMID: 37062251 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2023.103389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia is a common heterogeneous autoimmune disease that is characterized by decreasing peripheral blood platelet counts and increasing risk of bleeding. Studies have shown that an imbalance between T helper 17 (Th17) and Regulatory T (Treg) cells differentiated from CD4+T-cells is a key factor influencing the development and pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia. Th17 cells promote the development of chronic inflammatory disorders and induce autoimmune diseases, whereas Treg cells regulate immune homeostasis and prevent autoimmune diseases. Several regulators affecting the production and maintenance of these cells are also essential for proper regulation of Th17/Treg balance; these regulatory factors include cell surface proteins, miRNAs, and cytokine signaling. In this review, we focus on the function and role of balance between Th17 and Treg cells in immune thrombocytopenia, the regulatory factors, and therapeutic goals of this balance in immune thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Kargar
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Torabizadeh
- Golestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Daryush Purrahman
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Deris Zayeri
- Golestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Kiełbowski K, Bakinowska E, Ostrowski P, Pala B, Gromowska E, Gurazda K, Dec P, Modrzejewski A, Pawlik A. The Role of Adipokines in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076390. [PMID: 37047363 PMCID: PMC10094354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic and immune-mediated skin condition characterized by pro-inflammatory cytokines and keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and keratinocytes represent the main cell subtypes involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, while the interleukin-23 (IL-23)/IL-17 pathway enhances the disease progression. Human adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, which secretes multiple proteins, known as adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, or resistin. Current evidence highlights the immunomodulatory roles of adipokines, which may contribute to the progression or suppression of psoriasis. A better understanding of the complexity of psoriasis pathophysiology linked with adipokines could result in developing novel diagnostic or therapeutic strategies. This review aims to present the pathogenesis of psoriasis and the roles of adipokines in this process.
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Purzycka-Bohdan D, Nedoszytko B, Sobalska-Kwapis M, Zabłotna M, Żmijewski MA, Wierzbicka J, Gleń J, Strapagiel D, Szczerkowska-Dobosz A, Nowicki RJ. Assessment of the Potential Role of Selected Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of Genes Related to the Functioning of Regulatory T Cells in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076061. [PMID: 37047033 PMCID: PMC10094301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated a key role of the impaired suppressive capacity of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in psoriasis (PsO) pathogenesis. However, the genetic background of Treg dysfunctions remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of PsO development with selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes in which protein products play a significant role in the regulation of differentiation and function of Tregs. There were three study groups in our research and each consisted of different unrelated patients and controls: 192 PsO patients and 5605 healthy volunteers in the microarray genotyping group, 150 PsO patients and 173 controls in the ARMS-PCR method group, and 6 PsO patients and 6 healthy volunteers in the expression analysis group. The DNA microarrays analysis (283 SNPs of 57 genes) and ARMS-PCR method (8 SNPs in 7 genes) were used to determine the frequency of occurrence of SNPs in selected genes. The mRNA expression of selected genes was determined in skin samples. There were statistically significant differences in the allele frequencies of four SNPs in three genes (TNF, IL12RB2, and IL12B) between early-onset PsO patients and controls. The lowest p-value was observed for rs3093662 (TNF), and the G allele carriers had a 2.73 times higher risk of developing early-onset PsO. Moreover, the study revealed significant differences in the frequency of SNPs and their influence on PsO development between early- and late-onset PsO. Based on the ARMS-PCR method, the association between some polymorphisms of four genes (IL4, IL10, TGFB1, and STAT3) and the risk of developing PsO was noticed. Psoriatic lesions were characterized with a lower mRNA expression of FOXP3, CTLA4, and IL2, and a higher expression of TNF and IL1A in comparison with unaffected skin. In conclusion, the genetic background associated with properly functioning Tregs seems to play a significant role in PsO pathogenesis and could have diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Purzycka-Bohdan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Bogusław Nedoszytko
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
- Molecular Laboratory, Invicta Fertility and Reproductive Centre, 81-740 Sopot, Poland
| | - Marta Sobalska-Kwapis
- Biobank Laboratory, Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Zabłotna
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michał A Żmijewski
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Justyna Wierzbicka
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jolanta Gleń
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dominik Strapagiel
- Biobank Laboratory, Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aneta Szczerkowska-Dobosz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Roman J Nowicki
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
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Zhu C, Chen Y, Tai Z, Pan H, Shen M, Chen Z, Zhu Q. Effect and mechanism of longkui yinxiao soup in treating psoriasis in mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1136604. [PMID: 36992832 PMCID: PMC10040526 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1136604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Longkui Yinxiao Soup is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used to treat psoriasis for decades. Although Longkui Yinxiao Soup showed promising efficacy in clinical practice, the regulatory mechanisms of Longkui Yinxiao Soup remain elusive. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of Longkui Yinxiao Soup in a psoriasis-like mouse model.Methods: Longkui Yinxiao Soup was quality controlled by determining the contents of imperatorin and rhoifolin using high-performance liquid chromatography. The imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mouse model was used to study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Longkui Yinxiao Soup. The histopathological skin changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining; the infiltration of proliferating proteins, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki67, in skin tissues were observed by immunohistochemical analysis; and the inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-23, and IL-17 in serum were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were used to predict the mechanism of LYS against psoriasis. mRNA expressions of p38, extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MEK3), mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MEK6), RAP1 GTPase activating protein (Rap1gap), and Rap1 were determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression levels of proteins related to Rap1–mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways were measured by Western blotting.Results: A quality-control method for Longkui Yinxiao Soup was successfully established using imperatorin and rhoifolin as content determination indexes. Longkui Yinxiao Soup significantly ameliorated the psoriatic symptoms in mice. The serum levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-23, and IL-17 were decreased, and the expression levels of antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki67 (Ki67) and PCNA in skin tissues were downregulated. Moreover, the inhibition of Rap1–MAPK signaling pathways by Longkui Yinxiao Soup was detected.Conclusion: This study confirmed the antipsoriatic activity of Longkui Yinxiao Soup in psoriasis-like mice. This might be due to the inhibition of inflammatory factor secretion, keratinocyte proliferation, and the Rap1–MAPK signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongguang Tai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijun Pan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Shen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Quangang Zhu, ; Zhongjian Chen,
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Quangang Zhu, ; Zhongjian Chen,
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27
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Zhan Q, Zhang J, Lin Y, Chen W, Fan X, Zhang D. Pathogenesis and treatment of Sjogren's syndrome: Review and update. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1127417. [PMID: 36817420 PMCID: PMC9932901 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease accompanied by multiple lesions. The main manifestations include dryness of the mouth and eyes, along with systemic complications (e.g., pulmonary disease, kidney injury, and lymphoma). In this review, we highlight that IFNs, Th17 cell-related cytokines (IL-17 and IL-23), and B cell-related cytokines (TNF and BAFF) are crucial for the pathogenesis of SS. We also summarize the advances in experimental treatment strategies, including targeting Treg/Th17, mesenchymal stem cell treatment, targeting BAFF, inhibiting JAK pathway, et al. Similar to that of SLE, RA, and MS, biotherapeutic strategies of SS consist of neutralizing antibodies and inflammation-related receptor blockers targeting proinflammatory signaling pathways. However, clinical research on SS therapy is comparatively rare. Moreover, the differences in the curative effects of immunotherapies among SS and other autoimmune diseases are not fully understood. We emphasize that targeted drugs, low-side-effect drugs, and combination therapies should be the focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yubin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinzou Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Jahangir M, Kahrizi MS, Natami M, Moaref Pour R, Ghoreishizadeh S, Hemmatzadeh M, Mohammadi H, Shomali N, Sandoghchian Shotorbani S. MicroRNA-155 acts as a potential prognostic and diagnostic factor in patients with ankylosing spondylitis by modulating SOCS3. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:553-563. [PMID: 36350418 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a progressive inflammatory disease. Our primary objective was to explore the role of miR-155 and its targeted factors in AS pathogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS PBMCs were isolated from 30 AS patients and 30 healthy individuals using the Ficoll-hypaque isolation approach. The expression of miR-155 and its associated targets, including Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3), STAT3, and IL-21, were determined using qT-qPCR. Then, PBMCs were cultured, and the effect of miR-155, SOCS3 siRNA (to suppress its expression), pEFSOCS3 (enforced expression), and their combination were investigated by qRT-PCR and western blotting. We also treated the cultured PBMCs with Brefeldin A, a potent inhibitor of cytokine secretion, to determine its effect on IL-21 expression and secretion. In addition, the association between miR-155 and patients' clinicopathological features was examined. The results showed that miR-155, IL-21, and STAT3 were increased in patients with AS, while SOCS3 had decreasing expression trend. It was also determined that miR-155 alleviates SOCS3 expression and increases IL-21 and STAT3 expression; it had a prominent effect when combined with SOCS3 siRNA. Besides, we showed that simultaneous transfection of miR-155 and pEFSOCS3 had no significant effect on IL-21 and STAT3 expression, revealing that miR-155 could alleviate the enforced expression of SOCS3. It was also proven that Brefledine A led to IL-21 up-regulation or accumulation while relieving its secretion. Also, a significant correlation between miR-155 and pathological features of AS patients was found. CONCLUSION miR-155 acts as a potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarker. Its up-regulation leads to the down-regulation of SOCS3 and increased expression of IL-21 and STAT3 as characteristic of TH-17 lymphocytes, leading to worsening inflammatory conditions in patients with AS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Natami
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Moaref Pour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Siamak Sandoghchian Shotorbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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29
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Jiang M, Zhao J, Wang P, Yan S, Wang Y. Research progress in Th17 cells and the relevant cytokines in Graves ' ophthalmopathy. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:1748-1753. [PMID: 36748387 PMCID: PMC10930278 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.220205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Graves' ophthalmopathy is the most common clinical orbital disease, and T helper (Th) cells play an important role in the development of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Th17 cells are a major subpopulation of Th cells and abnormally highly expressed in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. Th17 cells and the related cytokines interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-21 and IL-23 are involved in regulating the inflammatory response, fibrosis and adipogenesis. Th17 cells are unstable and exhibit a degree of plasticity, and they can differentiate into IL-17A and interferon (IFN)-γ dual-producing Th17.1 cells, which exacerbate the pathogenicity of Th17 cells. In addition, Th17 cells and the relevant factors are strongly associated with disease activity and severity in Graves' ophthalmopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Jiang
- Graduate Student of 2021, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046.
| | - Jingxiao Zhao
- Graduate Student of 2021, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046
| | - Ping Wang
- Graduate Student of 2021, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046
| | - Shuxun Yan
- Second Ward of Endocrinology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450099.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of International Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Shen Q, Liu R, Tan S, Xu X, Fang J, Li R. Advances in pathogenesis and nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated treatment of psoriasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1089262. [PMID: 36618400 PMCID: PMC9815006 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1089262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic papulosquamous skin disease with an autoimmune pathogenic traits and strong genetic predisposition. In the past few decades, with the rapid development of molecular biology and cell biology, the inherent pathogenesis of psoriasis has been gradually elucidated, in which cytokine inflammatory loops, cell signaling pathways, and epigenetic factors such as miRNAs have been demonstrated to play important roles in regulating the development and progression of psoriasis. More importantly, understanding the pathogenesis of psoriasis has promoted the development of effective treatment for psoriasis. In this review, we systemically summarized the molecular mechanisms regulating the development and progression psoriasis, introduced various therapeutics used for clinical psoriasis therapy, and highlighted the recent advances in nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated drug delivery for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Shen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoding Xu
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Rong Li, ; Junyue Fang, ; Xiaoding Xu,
| | - Junyue Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China,Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Rong Li, ; Junyue Fang, ; Xiaoding Xu,
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China,*Correspondence: Rong Li, ; Junyue Fang, ; Xiaoding Xu,
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Sun L, Yu G, Jiang H, Shi K, Huang D, Bao H, Huang Y, Che L, Chen M. Experimental study on the anti-inflammatory effect of Mongolian medicine Sendeng Decoction on mice with psoriasis. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2022.100154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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He Q, Wu X, Shi Q. Triptolide Inhibits Th17 Response by Upregulating microRNA-204-5p and Suppressing STAT3 Phosphorylation in Psoriasis. Genet Res (Camb) 2022; 2022:7468396. [PMID: 36474621 PMCID: PMC9691328 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7468396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is an immune and inflammation-related skin disease. Triptolide with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties has been utilized for psoriasis treatment. However, the potential immunological mechanisms of triptolide have not been fully elucidated. Methods Using an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic mouse model, we detected the effects of triptolide on psoriasis-like lesions including scales, thickening, and erythema. Methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) cytotoxicity assay was performed for evaluating the influence of triptolide on cell viability. Gene expression at mRNA and protein levels were examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively. The combination between microRNA-204-5p (miR-204-5p) and signal transduction and transcription activator-3 (STAT3) was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to examine interleukin (IL)-17 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels using corresponding kits. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for the visualization of epidermal thickness. Flow cytometry analysis was employed for examining T helper (Th) 17 cells. Results Triptolide ameliorated IMQ-induced psoriatic skin lesions manifested by the decreased psoriasis area and severity indexes (PASI) scores. Triptolide inhibited Th17 cell differentiation from splenocytes. Additionally, triptolide elevated miR-204-5p expression, whereas it downregulated STAT3 expression levels both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, miR-204-5p directly targeted STAT3 in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, triptolide repressed the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in IMQ-evoked psoriasis-like mice. Conclusion Triptolide inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation via upregulating miR-204-5p and thus suppressing Th17 response in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi He
- Department of Dermatology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, Hubei, China
- Department of Dermatology, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xingyue Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, Hubei, China
- Department of Dermatology, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Quan Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, Hubei, China
- Department of Dermatology, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
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Li T, Gao S, Han W, Gao Z, Wei Y, Wu G, Qiqiu W, Chen L, Feng Y, Yue S, Kuang H, Jiang X. Potential effects and mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of psoriasis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115275. [PMID: 35487447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis related to high morbidity and mortality. The incidence of psoriasis is increasing in recent decades. Some patients with psoriasis are anxious about the underlying side effects of synthetic drugs they are on. Therefore, they are eager to seek alternative and efficient therapy, such as Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). Researchers have found some CHM provides best source for the development of anti-psoriatic drugs because of their structural diversity and fewer adverse reactions. Some of CHM formulas or active constituents extracted from CHM have been rapidly developed into clinical drugs with good efficacy. At present, along with the CHM formulas, single CHM and its active components have been extensively accepted and utilized in the treatment of psoriasis, whose therapeutic mechanisms hitherto have not been thoroughly illustrated. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aimed to comprehensively summarize about the existing therapeutic mechanisms of CHM in the treatment of psoriasis and to provide a reference to develop future related studies in this field. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant literatures about how CHM treated psoriasis were acquired from published scientific studies (including PubMed, CNKI, Web of Science, Baidu Scholar, The Plant List, Elsevier and SciFinder). All plants appearing in the review have been included in The Plant List or Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS). RESULTS In this review, we collect numerous literatures about how CHM treats psoriasis via immune cells, signaling pathways and disease-related mediators and systematically elucidates potential mechanisms from the point of the suppression of oxidative stress, the inhibition of abnormal abnormal proliferation and differentiation, the inhibition of immune responses, and the suppression of angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Psoriasis is considered as a complicated disease caused by interaction among various mechanisms. The CHM formulas, single CHM and its active components have considerable positive reports about the treatment of psoriasis, which brings hope for a promising future of CHM in the clinical therapy of psoriasis. In the paper, we have concluded that the existing therapeutic mechanisms of CHM in the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Si Gao
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Wei Han
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.4 Dong-qing Road, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhenqiu Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Xiwang Road, Tinghu District, Yancheng, 224007, China
| | - Yundong Wei
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Gang Wu
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Wei Qiqiu
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Yiping Feng
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Shijiao Yue
- Gangnan Castle Peak Psychiatric Hospital, Jiangnan Industrial Park District, Guigang, 537100, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Xudong Jiang
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China.
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Tsiogkas SG, Mavropoulos A, Dardiotis E, Zafiriou E, Bogdanos DP. A sharp decrease of Th17, CXCR3+-Th17, and Th17.1 in peripheral blood is associated with an early anti-IL-17-mediated clinical remission in psoriasis. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:79-89. [PMID: 35925616 PMCID: PMC9585551 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis-an immune-mediated skin disease-implicates in its pathophysiology by circulating pro-inflammatory cell populations, cytokines, and their interactions with the epidermis. The direct effect of approved anti-interleukin- (IL-)17A and anti-IL-17R biologic therapy on immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes' (PBMCs) relative sub-population frequencies in psoriasis patients has not yet been described. Using multiparameter flow cytometry we examined T-cell subpopulations characterized by CCR6, CCR4, and CXCR3 chemokine receptor surface expression at baseline and after initiation of biologic therapy in PBMCs collected from 30 psoriasis patients. Increased CD3+CD4+CXCR3+, CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4+CXCR3+(CXCR3+-Th17), and CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4-CXCR3+(Th17.1) cell populations were observed in patients with psoriasis in comparison to healthy individuals (n = 10). IL-17 therapeutic blockade decreased CD3+CD4+CCR6+, CD3+CD4+CXCR3+, CD3+CD4+CCR6-CXCR3+(Th1), CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4+(Th17), CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4+CXCR3+(CXCR3+-Th17), and CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4-CXCR3+(Th17.1) cell populations in responding psoriasis patients. Moreover, CD3+CD4-CCR6+, CD3+CD4-CXCR3+, CD3+CD4-CCR6+CCR4+(Tc17), and CD3+CD4-CCR6-CXCR3+(Tc1) percentages were also inhibited. Modulation of the same cell sub-populations was also assessed in patients treated with methotrexate (n = 4), apremilast (n = 4), and anti-IL-23 biologic treatment (n = 4). In our study, the levels and functional capacity of peripheral pro-inflammatory Th1, Th17, and additional CCR6+T cell sub-gated populations from psoriasis patients that were treated with anti-IL-17 or anti-IL-17R targeted biologic therapy were explored for the first time. Our data clearly demonstrate that early anti-IL-17 mediated clinical remission is accompanied by a significant decrease of Th1, Th17, CXCR3+-Th17, and Th17.1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios G Tsiogkas
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Athanasios Mavropoulos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efterpi Zafiriou
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Correspondence: Dimitrios P. Bogdanos, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
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Zhou HF, Wang FX, Sun F, Liu X, Rong SJ, Luo JH, Yue TT, Xiao J, Yang CL, Lu WY, Luo X, Zhou Q, Zhu H, Yang P, Xiong F, Yu QL, Zhang S, Wang CY. Aloperine Ameliorates IMQ-Induced Psoriasis by Attenuating Th17 Differentiation and Facilitating Their Conversion to Treg. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:778755. [PMID: 35721119 PMCID: PMC9198605 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.778755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aloperine is an anti-inflammatory compound isolated from the Chinese herb Sophora alopecuroides L. Previously, our group has reported that the generation of induced Treg was promoted by aloperine treatment in a mouse colitis model. However, the effect of aloperine on effector T cell subsets remains unclear. We therefore carefully examined the effect of aloperine on the differentiation of major subsets of T helper cells. Based on our results, psoriasis, a Th17 dominant skin disease, is selected to explore the potential therapeutic effect of aloperine in vivo. Herein, we demonstrated that topical application of aloperine suppressed epidermal proliferation, erythema, and infiltration of inflammatory cells in skin lesions. Mechanistic studies revealed that aloperine suppressed the differentiation of Th17 cells directly through inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3 or indirectly through impairing the secretion of Th17-promoting cytokines by dendritic cells. Moreover, aloperine enhanced the conversion of Th17 into Treg via altering the pSTAT3/pSTAT5 ratio. Collectively, our study supported that aloperine possesses the capacity to affect Th17 differentiation and modulates Th17/Treg balance, thereby alleviating imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Feng Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fa-Xi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan-Jie Rong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Hui Luo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian-Tian Yue
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun-Liang Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan-Ying Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Luo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - He Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Lin Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Akama-Garren EH, Carroll MC. T Cell Help in the Autoreactive Germinal Center. Scand J Immunol 2022; 95:e13192. [PMID: 35587582 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The germinal center serves as a site of B cell selection and affinity maturation, critical processes for productive adaptive immunity. In autoimmune disease tolerance is broken in the germinal center reaction, leading to production of autoreactive B cells that may propagate disease. Follicular T cells are crucial regulators of this process, providing signals necessary for B cell survival in the germinal center. Here we review the emerging roles of follicular T cells in the autoreactive germinal center. Recent advances in immunological techniques have allowed study of the gene expression profiles and repertoire of follicular T cells at unprecedented resolution. These studies provide insight into the potential role follicular T cells play in preventing or facilitating germinal center loss of tolerance. Improved understanding of the mechanisms of T cell help in autoreactive germinal centers provides novel therapeutic targets for diseases of germinal center dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot H Akama-Garren
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael C Carroll
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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do Sacramento PM, Sales M, Kasahara TDM, Monteiro C, Oyamada H, Dias ASO, Lopes L, Castro CT, Rossi ÁD, Milioni LM, Agrawal A, Alvarenga R, Vasconcelos CC, Bento CADM. Major depression favors the expansion of Th17-like cells and decrease the proportion of CD39 +Treg cell subsets in response to myelin antigen in multiple sclerosis patients. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:298. [PMID: 35585332 PMCID: PMC11073410 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood disorders have been associated with risk of clinical relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating disease mediated by myelin-specific T cells. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the impact of major depressive disorder (MDD) and cytokine profile of T-cells in relapsing remitting MS patients. METHODS For our study, plasma and PBMC were obtained from 60 MS patients (30 with lifetime MDD) in remission phase. The PBMC cultures were stimulated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 beads or myelin basic protein (MBP), and effector and regulatory T cell phenotypes were determined by flow cytometry. The cytokine levels, both in the plasma or in the supernatants collected from PBMC cultures, were quantified by Luminex. In some experiments, the effect of serotonin (5-HT) was investigated. RESULTS Here, higher Th17-related cytokine levels in response to anti-CD3/anti-CD28 and MBP were quantified in the plasma and PBMC cultures of the MS/MDD group in comparison with MS patients. Further, elevated frequency of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells capable of producing IL-17, IL-22 and GM-CSF was observed in depressed patients. Interestingly, the percentage of myelin-specific IFN-γ+IL-17+ and IFN-γ+GM-CSF+ CD4+ T cells directly correlated with neurological disabilities. In contrast, the occurrence of MDD reduced the proportion of MBP-specific CD39+Tregs subsets. Notably, the severity of both neurological disorder and depressive symptoms inversely correlated with these Tregs. Finally, the addition of 5-HT downregulated the release of Th17-related cytokines in response to anti-CD3/anti-CD28 and myelin antigen. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our findings suggested that recurrent major depression, by favoring imbalances of effector Th17 and Treg cell subsets, contributes to MS severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Mendonça do Sacramento
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Frei Caneca 94, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20261-040, Brazil.
- Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marisa Sales
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Frei Caneca 94, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20261-040, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Taissa de Matos Kasahara
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Frei Caneca 94, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20261-040, Brazil
| | - Clarice Monteiro
- Department of Immunology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hugo Oyamada
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Frei Caneca 94, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20261-040, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aleida Soraia Oliveira Dias
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Frei Caneca 94, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20261-040, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lana Lopes
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Frei Caneca 94, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20261-040, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camilla Teixeira Castro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Frei Caneca 94, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20261-040, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Átila Duque Rossi
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas Mattos Milioni
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Regina Alvarenga
- Department of General Medicine, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia Cristina Vasconcelos
- Department of General Medicine, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cleonice Alves de Melo Bento
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Frei Caneca 94, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20261-040, Brazil.
- Post-Graduate Program in Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Post-Graduate Program in Microbiology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Marks KE, Rao DA. T peripheral helper cells in autoimmune diseases. Immunol Rev 2022; 307:191-202. [PMID: 35103314 PMCID: PMC9009135 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pathologic T cell-B cell interactions underlie many autoimmune diseases. The T cells that help B cells in autoimmune diseases vary in phenotype and include T cells that lack typical features of T follicular helper cells, such as expression of CXCR5 and BCL6. A population of PD-1hi CXCR5- T peripheral helper (Tph) cells has now been recognized in multiple autoantibody-associated diseases. Tph cells display a distinctive set of features, merging the ability to provide B cell help with the capacity to migrate to inflamed peripheral tissues. Here, we review the scope of immune-related conditions in which Tph cells have been implicated and provide a perspective on their potential contributions to pathologic B cell activation in autoimmune diseases. We discuss Tph cells as a promising therapeutic strategy in autoimmunity and consider the utility of tracking Tph cells in blood as a biomarker to quantify aberrant T cell-B cell activation in patients with autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryne E Marks
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Deepak A Rao
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Mohd Noor AA, Azlan M, Mohd Redzwan N. Orchestrated Cytokines Mediated by Biologics in Psoriasis and Its Mechanisms of Action. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020498. [PMID: 35203707 PMCID: PMC8962336 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease mediated by disturbed T cells and other immune cells, and is defined by deep-red, well-demarcated skin lesions. Due to its varied etiologies and indefinite standard pathogenesis, it is challenging to consider the right treatment exclusively for each psoriasis patient; thus, researchers yearn to seek even more precise treatments other than topical treatment and systemic therapy. Using biologics to target specific immune components, such as upregulated cytokines secreted by activated immune cells, is the most advanced therapy for psoriasis to date. By inhibiting the appropriate pro-inflammatory cytokines, cellular signaling can be altered and, thus, can inhibit further downstream inflammatory pathways. Herein, the roles of cytokines with their mechanisms of action in progressing psoriasis and how the usage of biologics alleviates cellular inflammation are discussed. In addition, other potential pro-inflammatory cytokines, with their mechanism of action, are presented herein. The authors hope that this gathered information may benefit future research in expanding the discovery of targeted psoriasis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Akmal Mohd Noor
- Immunology Department, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Maryam Azlan
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Norhanani Mohd Redzwan
- Immunology Department, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-9767-6130
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Li L, Liu X, Ge W, Chen C, Huang Y, Jin Z, Zhan M, Duan X, Liu X, Kong Y, Jiang J, Li X, Zeng X, Li F, Xu S, Li M, Chen H. CB2R Deficiency Exacerbates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasiform Dermatitis and Itch Through the Neuro-Immune Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:790712. [PMID: 35173615 PMCID: PMC8841964 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.790712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) is a potential target for anti-inflammatory and pain therapeutics given its significant immunomodulatory and analgesic effects. However, the role of CB2R in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasiform dermatitis (PsD) and itch is poorly understood. Objective: To investigate the function and mechanism of CB2R in PsD and itch in mice. Methods: Following daily treatment with topical IMQ cream for 5-7 consecutive days in C56BL/6 wild-type (WT) and CB2R gene knockout (KO) mice, we assessed the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores and the scratch bouts every day, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, toluidine blue staining were used to observe the histological changes. mRNA levels were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Protein levels were detected by western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF) and cytometric bead array (CBA). Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to examine the proportion of Th17/Treg cells. Results: We found that CB2R expression levels were increased in mice with psoriasis. Compared with WT mice, CB2R deficiency exacerbated IMQ-induced PsD and scratching bouts and upregulated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines by increasing the infiltration of CD4+ T cells and the Th17/Treg ratio. Obvious proliferation and prolongation of nerve fibers and high expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) were observed in PsD and CB2R KO mice. Pretreatment with the CB2R agonist, JWH-133 significantly reversed inflammation and scratching bouts. CB2R didn't participate in the induction of itch in psoriasis by regulating the expression of IL-31, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and mast cells in mouse skins. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that CB2R plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of psoriasis, providing a new potential target for anti-inflammatory and antipruritic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenqiang Ge
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqiong Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zilin Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Muouyang Zhan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoru Duan
- Department of Rheumatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Kong
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Dermatology, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Dermatology, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shibin Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Dermatology, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Dermatology, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
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Orsmond A, Bereza-Malcolm L, Lynch T, March L, Xue M. Skin Barrier Dysregulation in Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10841. [PMID: 34639182 PMCID: PMC8509518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin barrier is broadly composed of two elements-a physical barrier mostly localised in the epidermis, and an immune barrier localised in both the dermis and epidermis. These two systems interact cooperatively to maintain skin homeostasis and overall human health. However, if dysregulated, several skin diseases may arise. Psoriasis is one of the most prevalent skin diseases associated with disrupted barrier function. It is characterised by the formation of psoriatic lesions, the aberrant differentiation and proliferation of keratinocytes, and excessive inflammation. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries in disease pathogenesis, including the contribution of keratinocytes, immune cells, genetic and environmental factors, and how they advance current and future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Orsmond
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (A.O.); (L.B.-M.)
- The Australian Arthritis and Autoimmune Biobank Collaborative (A3BC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (T.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Lara Bereza-Malcolm
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (A.O.); (L.B.-M.)
- The Australian Arthritis and Autoimmune Biobank Collaborative (A3BC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (T.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Tom Lynch
- The Australian Arthritis and Autoimmune Biobank Collaborative (A3BC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (T.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Lyn March
- The Australian Arthritis and Autoimmune Biobank Collaborative (A3BC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (T.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Meilang Xue
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (A.O.); (L.B.-M.)
- The Australian Arthritis and Autoimmune Biobank Collaborative (A3BC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (T.L.); (L.M.)
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Czarnowicki T, Kim HJ, Villani AP, Glickman J, Duca ED, Han J, Pavel AB, Lee BH, Rahman AH, Merad M, Krueger JG, Guttman‐Yassky E. High-dimensional analysis defines multicytokine T-cell subsets and supports a role for IL-21 in atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2021; 76:3080-3093. [PMID: 33818809 DOI: 10.1111/all.14845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flow cytometry is a well-accepted approach for immune profiling; however, its value is restricted by the limited number of markers that can be analyzed simultaneously. Mass cytometry/CyTOF offers broad-scale immune characterization integrating large number of parameters. While partial blood phenotyping was reported in atopic dermatitis (AD), patients' comprehensive profiling, critical for leveraging new targeted treatments, is not available. IL-21 may be involved in inflammatory skin diseases but its role in AD is not well established. METHODS We studied T-cell polarization in the blood of 20 moderate-to-severe AD and 15 controls. Using CyTOF and an unsupervised analysis, we measured the frequencies and mean metal intensities of activated polar CD4+ /CD8+ T-cell subsets. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and qRT-PCR were used to analyze skin samples. RESULTS Examining 24 surface, intracellular markers, and transcription factors, we identified six CD4+ and five CD8+ T-cell metaclusters. A CD4+ skin-homing IL-13+ monocytokine and a novel IL-13+ IL-21+ multicytokine metaclusters were increased in AD vs. controls (p < .01). While IL-13 signature characterized both clusters, levels were significantly higher in the IL-21+ group. Both clusters correlated with AD severity (r = 0.49, p = .029). Manual gating corroborated these results and identified additional multicytokine subsets in AD. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, validated by mRNA expression, displayed significantly increasedIL-21 counts and colocalization with IL-13/IL-4R in AD skin. CONCLUSION A multicytokine signature characterizes moderate-to-severe AD, possibly explaining partial therapeutic responses to one cytokine targeting, particularly in severe patients. Prominent IL-21 signature in blood and skin hints for a potential pathogenic role of IL-21 in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tali Czarnowicki
- Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology The Rockefeller University New York NY USA
| | - Hyun Je Kim
- Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Axel P. Villani
- Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Jacob Glickman
- Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Ester Del Duca
- Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Joseph Han
- Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Ana B. Pavel
- Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Brian H. Lee
- Human Immune Monitoring Center Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Adeeb H. Rahman
- Human Immune Monitoring Center Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai New York NY USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Department of Oncological Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai The Precision Immunology Institute New York NY USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai The Tisch Cancer Institute New York NY USA
| | - James G. Krueger
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology The Rockefeller University New York NY USA
| | - Emma Guttman‐Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
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Shao Q, Gu J, Zhou J, Wang Q, Li X, Deng Z, Lu L. Tissue Tregs and Maintenance of Tissue Homeostasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:717903. [PMID: 34490267 PMCID: PMC8418123 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.717903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) specifically expressing Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) play roles in suppressing the immune response and maintaining immune homeostasis. After maturation in the thymus, Tregs leave the thymus and migrate to lymphoid tissues or non-lymphoid tissues. Increasing evidence indicates that Tregs with unique characteristics also have significant effects on non-lymphoid peripheral tissues. Tissue-resident Tregs, also called tissue Tregs, do not recirculate in the blood or lymphatics and attain a unique phenotype distinct from common Tregs in circulation. This review first summarizes the phenotype, function, and cytokine expression of these Tregs in visceral adipose tissue, skin, muscle, and other tissues. Then, how Tregs are generated, home, and are attracted to and remain resident in the tissue are discussed. Finally, how an increased understanding of these tissue Tregs might guide clinical treatment is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Shao
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Gu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinren Zhou
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenhua Deng
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Th17-Related Cytokines as Potential Discriminatory Markers between Neuromyelitis Optica (Devic's Disease) and Multiple Sclerosis-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168946. [PMID: 34445668 PMCID: PMC8396435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and Devic’s disease (NMO; neuromyelitis optica) are autoimmune, inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), the etiology of which remains unclear. It is a serious limitation in the treatment of these diseases. The resemblance of the clinical pictures of these two conditions generates a partial possibility of introducing similar treatment, but on the other hand, a high risk of misdiagnosis. Therefore, a better understanding and comparative characterization of the immunopathogenic mechanisms of each of these diseases are essential to improve their discriminatory diagnosis and more effective treatment. In this review, special attention is given to Th17 cells and Th17-related cytokines in the context of their potential usefulness as discriminatory markers for MS and NMO. The discussed results emphasize the role of Th17 immune response in both MS and NMO pathogenesis, which, however, cannot be considered without taking into account the broader perspective of immune response mechanisms.
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Qiu C, Shen H, Zhang H, He Z, Song Z, Zhou W. The imbalance of Th17/Treg via STAT3 activation modulates cognitive impairment in P. gingivalis LPS-induced periodontitis mice. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:511-524. [PMID: 34342041 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0521-742rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most common oral diseases worldwide, and it is associated with various systemic diseases, including cognitive diseases. STAT3 regulates the inflammatory cascade and influences adaptive immunity by modulating Th17/Treg cell differentiation. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of adaptive immunity inside and outside the brain on the association between periodontitis and cognitive impairment and understand the role of the STAT3 signaling pathway. We established Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-induced periodontitis mice models by injecting P. gingivalis LPS into the gingival sulcus of mice. Behavioral tests showed that learning and memory abilities were impaired. The flow cytometry data showed an imbalance in the Th17/Treg ratio in the blood and brain samples of the mice. The expression of Th17-related cytokines (IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-21, and IL-22) increased, whereas that of Treg-related cytokines (IL-2 and IL-10) decreased in both the blood and the brain. The level of LPS increased and the STAT3 signaling pathway was activated during this process. These effects were reversed by C188-9, a STAT3 inhibitor. In conclusion, P. gingivalis LPS-induced periodontitis may promote the occurrence and progression of cognitive impairment by modulating the Th17/Treg balance inside and outside the brain. The STAT3 signaling pathway may have immunoregulatory effects on the mouth-to-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univerisity; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univerisity; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Che Qiu
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univerisity; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univerisity; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanyu Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univerisity; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyan He
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univerisity; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongchen Song
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univerisity; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univerisity; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Regulatory T Cells and Inflammatory Mediators in Autoimmune Disease. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:774-780. [PMID: 34284898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in regulating tissue inflammation. Reduced Treg numbers and/or suppressive function contribute to autoimmune disease. Tregs can adopt the transcriptional programming of T helper (Th) type-1/2/17 cells to optimally suppress these subsets. Under specific conditions, these Th-like Tregs lose suppressive capacity and release proinflammatory cytokines to promote inflammation. This Treg plasticity depends on inflammatory mediators in the local environment. In this study, we review how cytokines impact Treg function and may contribute to autoimmune disease. A comprehensive understanding of Th-like Tregs may elucidate novel and more focused therapeutic approaches.
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Fischer-Betz R, Østensen M. Biologics and small molecules in the management of psoriatic arthritis: Reproduction related issues in female and male patients. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 14:979-989. [PMID: 33982647 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1925536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
STRACTBackground: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is the musculoskeletal manifestation of psoriatic disease, an inflammatory systemic disease with a high incidence in the reproductive years. Biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) as well as 'small molecules', are increasingly used to treat subtypes of PsA. Safety concerns exist in the field of fertility for PsA patients since the literature shows discordant results toward the influence of anti-psoriatic drugs.Areas covered: This comprehensive review critically reviews the available data on the safety of biologics and small molecules in PsA including pregnancy and lactation and men who want to father a child. TNF inhibitors (TNFi) are best studied in relation to reproduction. For other biologics and small molecules, no prospective, controlled studies are available.Expert opinion: No contraindications appear for TNFi in pregnancy, lactation, and paternal exposure. For biologics other than TNFi and small molecules, prospective controlled studies on outcomes after exposure in early and late pregnancy are urgently needed. Potential effects of all biologics on immune function, infection rates, and vaccine responses in prenatally exposed children need to be expanded. Until more data become available, small molecules should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding. More reproduction-related data are expected from various national and international registries in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Fischer-Betz
- Department for Rheumatology and Hiller Research Institute, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Monika Østensen
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
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Yu Y, Chen Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Lu J, Cui L, Yu Z, Ding Y, Guo C, Zhang X, Shi Y. Infliximab modifies regulatory T cells and co-inhibitory receptor expression on circulating T cells in psoriasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107722. [PMID: 33965878 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a T cell-mediated autoimmune skin disease. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that co-inhibitory receptors (CIRs) play a vital role in regulating T cell-mediated immune response, especially in neoplasm and autoimmunity. However, the immuno-function of CIRs in the development of psoriasis remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We investigated the expression of CIRs on the circulating T lymphocytes of psoriasis patients before and after anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) therapy. METHODS We enrolled 17 patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, 17 patients with mild plaque psoriasis, and 18 healthy controls in this study. Fourteen of the moderate-to-severe psoriasis patients were treated with infliximab, a monoclonal antibody against TNF-α. Peripheral blood was collected, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were extracted. The proportion of T cell subsets along with their expression of CIRs, namely T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), lymphocyte activating gene 3 (LAG-3), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), B and T lymphocyte-associated protein (BTLA), endothelial protein C receptor (PROCR), podoplanin (PDPN), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and T cell immunoglobulin mucin family containing molecule 3 (TIM-3), were determined by flow cytometric assay. RESULTS The moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis patients had less circulating Tregs, which increased after infliximab treatment. They also had decreased TIGIT, LAG-3 but increased PDPN expression on peripheral CD4+ T cells. Infliximab enhanced TIGIT, LAG-3, CTLA-4 but reduced PROCR expression on circulating CD4+ T cells. Remarkably, both the frequency of circulating Tregs and the expression level of TIGIT on CD4+ T cells at baseline (pre-treatment) negatively correlated with the extent of PASI score reduction benefited from infliximab therapy. CONCLUSION Anti-TNF-α therapy increased the frequency of Tregs and TIGIT, LAG-3, CTLA-4 expression but reduced PROCR expression on circulating CD4+ T cells in psoriasis patients. The baseline proportion of Tregs and the expression level of TIGIT on circulating CD4+ T cells might serve as predictive markers for the degree of disease remission benefited from infliximab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyuan Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jiajing Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lian Cui
- Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zengyang Yu
- Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yangfeng Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chunyuan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Xilin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Yuling Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
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Guo S, Zhou JY, Tan C, Shi L, Shi Y, Shi J. Network Pharmacology-Based Analysis on the Mechanism of Action of Ephedrae Herba-Cinnamomi Ramulus Couplet Medicines in the Treatment for Psoriasis. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e927421. [PMID: 33513128 PMCID: PMC7852043 DOI: 10.12659/msm.927421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study explored the mechanism of action of Ephedrae Herba-Cinnamomi Ramulus couplet medicine (MGCM) at the pharmacological level in the treatment of psoriasis. Material/Methods The active ingredients in MGCM were mined through literature retrieval and the BATMAN-TCM database, and potential targets were predicted. In addition, targets associated with psoriasis were acquired using multiple disease-related databases. Thereafter, an interaction network between candidate MGCM targets and the known psoriasis-associated targets was constructed based on the protein–protein interaction (PPI) data, using the STRING database. Then, the topological parameter degree was determined for mining the core targets for MGCM in the treatment of psoriasis, which also represented the major hubs within the PPI network. In addition, the core networks of targets and ingredients were constructed using Cytoscape software to apply MGCM in the treatment for psoriasis. These core targets were then analyzed for Gene Ontology biological processes and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment using OmicShare. Results The ingredient-target core network of MGCM for treating psoriasis was constructed; it contained 52 active ingredients and corresponded to 19 core targets. In addition, based on enrichment analysis, these core targets were majorly enriched for several biological processes (immuno-inflammatory responses, leukocyte differentiation, energy metabolism, angiogenesis, and programmed cell death) together with the relevant pathways (Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription, toll-like receptors, nuclear factor κB, vascular endothelial growth factor, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor), thus identifying the possible mechanism of action of MGCM in treating psoriasis. Conclusions The present network pharmacology study indicated that MGCM alleviates various pathological factors of psoriasis through multiple compounds, multiple targets, and multiple pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,First Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Jin-Yong Zhou
- Office of Science and Technology Administration, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Cheng Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,First Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Le Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,First Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,First Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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Miao X, Tong X, Hu J, Wang J. Diagnostic value of microRNA-106a-5p in patients with psoriasis and its regulatory role in inflammatory responses. DERMATOL SIN 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/ds.ds_5_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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