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Dellisanti W, Zhang Q, Ferrier-Pagès C, Kühl M. Contrasting effects of increasing dissolved iron on photosynthesis and O 2 availability in the gastric cavity of two Mediterranean corals. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17259. [PMID: 38699194 PMCID: PMC11064864 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) plays a fundamental role in coral symbiosis, supporting photosynthesis, respiration, and many important enzymatic reactions. However, the extent to which corals are limited by Fe and their metabolic responses to inorganic Fe enrichment remains to be understood. We used respirometry, variable chlorophyll fluorescence, and O2 microsensors to investigate the impact of increasing Fe(III) concentrations (20, 50, and 100 nM) on the photosynthetic capacity of two Mediterranean coral species, Cladocora caespitosa and Oculina patagonica. While the bioavailability of inorganic Fe can rapidly decrease, we nevertheless observed significant physiological effects at all Fe concentrations. In C. caespitosa, exposure to 50 nM Fe(III) increased rates of respiration and photosynthesis, while the relative electron transport rate (rETR(II)) decreased at higher Fe(III) exposure (100 nM). In contrast, O. patagonica reduced respiration, photosynthesis rates, and maximum PSII quantum yield (Fv/Fm) across all iron enrichments. Both corals exhibited increased hypoxia (<50 µmol O2 L-1) within their gastric cavity at night when exposed to 50 and 100 nM Fe(III), leading to increased polyp contraction time and reduced O2 exchange with the surrounding water. Our results indicate that C. caespitosa, but not O. patagonica, might be limited in Fe for achieving maximal photosynthetic efficiency. Understanding the multifaceted role of iron in corals' health and their response to environmental change is crucial for effective coral conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Dellisanti
- Department of Biology, Marine Biology Section, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Qingfeng Zhang
- Department of Biology, Marine Biology Section, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Christine Ferrier-Pagès
- Coral Ecophysiology Laboratory, Center Scientifique de Monaco, Principality of Monaco, Monaco
| | - Michael Kühl
- Department of Biology, Marine Biology Section, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, Denmark
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2
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Förster F, Reynaud S, Sauzéat L, Ferrier-Pagès C, Samankassou E, Sheldrake TE. Increased coral biomineralization due to enhanced symbiotic activity upon volcanic ash exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168694. [PMID: 38007126 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Coral reefs, which are among the most productive ecosystems on earth, are in global decline due to rapid climate change. Volcanic activity also results in extreme environmental changes at local to global scales, and may have significant impacts on coral reefs compared to other natural disturbances. During explosive eruptions, large amounts of volcanic ash are generated, significantly disrupting ecosystems close to a volcano, and depositing ash over distal areas (10s - 1000s of km depending on i.a. eruption size and wind direction). Once volcanic ash interacts with seawater, the dissolution of metals leads to a rapid change in the geochemical properties of the seawater column. Here, we report the first known effects of volcanic ash on the physiology and elemental cycling of a symbiotic scleractinian coral under laboratory conditions. Nubbins of the branching coral Stylophora pistillata were reared in aquaria under controlled conditions (insolation, temperature, and pH), while environmental parameters, effective quantum yield, and skeletal growth rate were monitored. Half the aquaria were exposed to volcanic ash every other day for 6 weeks (250 mg L-1 week-1), which induced significant changes in the fluorescence-derived photochemical parameters (ΦPSII, Fv/Fm, NPQ, rETR), directly enhanced the efficiency of symbiont photosynthesis (Pg, Pn), and lead to increased biomineralization rates. Enhancement of symbiont photosynthesis is induced by the supply of essential metals (Fe and Mn), derived from volcanic ash leaching in ambient seawater or within the organism following ingestion. The beneficial role of volcanic ash as an important micronutrient source is supported by the fact that neither photophysiological stress nor signs of lipid peroxidation were detected. Subaerial volcanism affects micronutrient cycling in the coral ecosystem, but the implication for coral ecophysiology on a reef scale remains to be tested. Nevertheless, exposure to volcanic ash can improve coral health and thus influence resilience to external stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Förster
- Geovolco Team, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland.
| | | | - Lucie Sauzéat
- Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Institut de Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Elias Samankassou
- Sedimentology Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Tom E Sheldrake
- Geovolco Team, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
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3
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Matthews JL, Ueland M, Bartels N, Lawson CA, Lockwood TE, Wu Y, Camp EF. Multi-Chemical Omics Analysis of the Symbiodiniaceae Durusdinium trenchii under Heat Stress. Microorganisms 2024; 12:317. [PMID: 38399721 PMCID: PMC10893086 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The urgency of responding to climate change for corals necessitates the exploration of innovative methods to swiftly enhance our understanding of crucial processes. In this study, we employ an integrated chemical omics approach, combining elementomics, metabolomics, and volatilomics methodologies to unravel the biochemical pathways associated with the thermal response of the coral symbiont, Symbiodiniaceae Durusdinium trenchii. We outline the complimentary sampling approaches and discuss the standardised data corrections used to allow data integration and comparability. Our findings highlight the efficacy of individual methods in discerning differences in the biochemical response of D. trenchii under both control and stress-inducing temperatures. However, a deeper insight emerges when these methods are integrated, offering a more comprehensive understanding, particularly regarding oxidative stress pathways. Employing correlation network analysis enhanced the interpretation of volatile data, shedding light on the potential metabolic origins of volatiles with undescribed functions and presenting promising candidates for further exploration. Elementomics proves to be less straightforward to integrate, likely due to no net change in elements but rather elements being repurposed across compounds. The independent and integrated data from this study informs future omic profiling studies and recommends candidates for targeted research beyond Symbiodiniaceae biology. This study highlights the pivotal role of omic integration in advancing our knowledge, addressing critical gaps, and guiding future research directions in the context of climate change and coral reef preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Matthews
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Maiken Ueland
- Centre for Forensic Sciences, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Hyphenated Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Natasha Bartels
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Caitlin A. Lawson
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia
| | - Thomas E. Lockwood
- Hyphenated Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yida Wu
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Emma F. Camp
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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4
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Reich HG, Camp EF, Roger LM, Putnam HM. The trace metal economy of the coral holobiont: supplies, demands and exchanges. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:623-642. [PMID: 36897260 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The juxtaposition of highly productive coral reef ecosystems in oligotrophic waters has spurred substantial interest and progress in our understanding of macronutrient uptake, exchange, and recycling among coral holobiont partners (host coral, dinoflagellate endosymbiont, endolithic algae, fungi, viruses, bacterial communities). By contrast, the contribution of trace metals to the physiological performance of the coral holobiont and, in turn, the functional ecology of reef-building corals remains unclear. The coral holobiont's trace metal economy is a network of supply, demand, and exchanges upheld by cross-kingdom symbiotic partnerships. Each partner has unique trace metal requirements that are central to their biochemical functions and the metabolic stability of the holobiont. Organismal homeostasis and the exchanges among partners determine the ability of the coral holobiont to adjust to fluctuating trace metal supplies in heterogeneous reef environments. This review details the requirements for trace metals in core biological processes and describes how metal exchanges among holobiont partners are key to sustaining complex nutritional symbioses in oligotrophic environments. Specifically, we discuss how trace metals contribute to partner compatibility, ability to cope with stress, and thereby to organismal fitness and distribution. Beyond holobiont trace metal cycling, we outline how the dynamic nature of the availability of environmental trace metal supplies can be influenced by a variability of abiotic factors (e.g. temperature, light, pH, etc.). Climate change will have profound consequences on the availability of trace metals and further intensify the myriad stressors that influence coral survival. Lastly, we suggest future research directions necessary for understanding the impacts of trace metals on the coral holobiont symbioses spanning subcellular to organismal levels, which will inform nutrient cycling in coral ecosystems more broadly. Collectively, this cross-scale elucidation of the role of trace metals for the coral holobiont will allow us to improve forecasts of future coral reef function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah G Reich
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Emma F Camp
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Liza M Roger
- Chemical & Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 W. Main Street, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Hollie M Putnam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
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McKnight KS, Gissi F, Adams MS, Stone S, Jolley D, Stauber J. The Effects of Nickel and Copper on Tropical Marine and Freshwater Microalgae Using Single and Multispecies Tests. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:901-913. [PMID: 36896707 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are key components of aquatic food chains and are known to be sensitive to a range of contaminants. Much of the available data on metal toxicity to microalgae have been derived from temperate single-species tests with temperate data used to supplement tropical toxicity data sets to derive guideline values. In the present study, we used single-species and multispecies tests to investigate the toxicity of nickel and copper to tropical freshwater and marine microalgae, including the free-swimming stage of Symbiodinium sp., a worldwide coral endosymbiont. Based on the 10% effect concentration (EC10) for growth rate, copper was two to four times more toxic than nickel to all species tested. The temperate strain of Ceratoneis closterium was eight to 10 times more sensitive to nickel than the two tropical strains. Freshwater Monoraphidium arcuatum was less sensitive to copper and nickel in the multispecies tests compared with the single-species tests (EC10 values increasing from 0.45 to 1.4 µg Cu/L and from 62 to 330 µg Ni/L). The Symbiodinium sp. was sensitive to copper (EC10 of 3.1 µg Cu/L) and less sensitive to nickel (EC50 >1600 µg Ni/L). This is an important contribution of data on the chronic toxicity of nickel to Symbiodinium sp. A key result from the present study was that three microalgal species had EC10 values below the current copper water quality guideline value for 95% species protection in slightly to moderately disturbed systems in Australia and New Zealand, indicating that they may not be adequately protected by the current copper guideline value. By contrast, toxicity of nickel to microalgae is unlikely to occur at exposure concentrations typically found in fresh and marine waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:901-913. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Gissi
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Merrin S Adams
- CSIRO Land and Water, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah Stone
- CSIRO Land and Water, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dianne Jolley
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jenny Stauber
- CSIRO Land and Water, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Xiao B, Li D, Liao B, Zheng H, Yang X, Xie Y, Xie Z, Li C. Effects of microplastic combined with Cr(III) on apoptosis and energy pathway of coral endosymbiont. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:39750-39763. [PMID: 36602726 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The combined effect of polyethylene (PE) microplastics and chromium (Cr(III)) on the scleractinian coral Acropora pruinosa (A. pruinosa) was investigated. The endpoints analysed in this study included the endosymbiont density, the chlorophyll a + c content, and the activity of enzymes involved in apoptosis (caspase-1, caspase-3), glycolysis (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH), the pentose phosphate pathway (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PDH) and electron transfer coenzyme (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+/NADH). During the 7-day exposure to PE and Cr(III) stress, the endosymbiont density and chlorophyll content decreased gradually. The caspase-1 and caspase-3 activities increased in the high-concentration Cr(III) exposure group. Furthermore, the LDH and G6PDH activities decreased significantly, and the NAD+/NADH was decreased significantly. In summary, the results showed that PE and Cr(III) stress inhibited the endosymbiont energy metabolism enzymes and further led to endosymbiont apoptosis in coral. In addition, under exposure to the combination of stressors, when the concentration of Cr(III) remained at 1 × 10-2 mg/L, the toxic effects of heavy metals on the endosymbiont were temporarily relieved with elevated PE concentrations. In contrast, when coral polyps were exposed to 5 mg/L PE and increasing Cr(III) concentrations, their metabolic activities were seriously disturbed, which increased the burden of energy consumption. In the short term, the toxic effect of Cr(III) was more obvious than that of PE because Cr(III) exposure leads to endosymbiont apoptosis and irreversible damage. This is the first study to provide insights into the combined effect of microplastic and Cr(III) stress on the apoptosis and energy pathways of coral endosymbionts. This study suggested that microplastics combined with Cr(III) are an important factor affecting the apoptosis and energy metabolism of endosymbionts, accelerating the collapse of the balance between the coral host and symbiotic endosymbiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Xiao
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Baolin Liao
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huina Zheng
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqi Xie
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiang Xie
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyong Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- School of Chemistry and Environment, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Mashini AG, Oakley CA, Beepat SS, Peng L, Grossman AR, Weis VM, Davy SK. The Influence of Symbiosis on the Proteome of the Exaiptasia Endosymbiont Breviolum minutum. Microorganisms 2023; 11:292. [PMID: 36838257 PMCID: PMC9967746 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular mechanisms responsible for the regulation of nutrient exchange, immune response, and symbiont population growth in the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis are poorly resolved. Here, we employed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to elucidate proteomic changes associated with symbiosis in Breviolum minutum, a native symbiont of the sea anemone Exaiptasia diaphana ('Aiptasia'). We manipulated nutrients available to the algae in culture and to the holobiont in hospite (i.e., in symbiosis) and then monitored the impacts of our treatments on host-endosymbiont interactions. Both the symbiotic and nutritional states had significant impacts on the B. minutum proteome. B. minutum in hospite showed an increased abundance of proteins involved in phosphoinositol metabolism (e.g., glycerophosphoinositol permease 1 and phosphatidylinositol phosphatase) relative to the free-living alga, potentially reflecting inter-partner signalling that promotes the stability of the symbiosis. Proteins potentially involved in concentrating and fixing inorganic carbon (e.g., carbonic anhydrase, V-type ATPase) and in the assimilation of nitrogen (e.g., glutamine synthase) were more abundant in free-living B. minutum than in hospite, possibly due to host-facilitated access to inorganic carbon and nitrogen limitation by the host when in hospite. Photosystem proteins increased in abundance at high nutrient levels irrespective of the symbiotic state, as did proteins involved in antioxidant defences (e.g., superoxide dismutase, glutathione s-transferase). Proteins involved in iron metabolism were also affected by the nutritional state, with an increased iron demand and uptake under low nutrient treatments. These results detail the changes in symbiont physiology in response to the host microenvironment and nutrient availability and indicate potential symbiont-driven mechanisms that regulate the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clinton A. Oakley
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Sandeep S. Beepat
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Lifeng Peng
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Arthur R. Grossman
- Department of Plant Biology, The Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Virginia M. Weis
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Simon K. Davy
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
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Nitschke MR, Rosset SL, Oakley CA, Gardner SG, Camp EF, Suggett DJ, Davy SK. The diversity and ecology of Symbiodiniaceae: A traits-based review. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2022; 92:55-127. [PMID: 36208879 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Among the most successful microeukaryotes to form mutualisms with animals are dinoflagellates in the family Symbiodiniaceae. These photosynthetic symbioses drive significant primary production and are responsible for the formation of coral reef ecosystems but are particularly sensitive when environmental conditions become extreme. Annual episodes of widespread coral bleaching (disassociation of the mutualistic partnership) and mortality are forecasted from the year 2060 under current trends of ocean warming. However, host cnidarians and dinoflagellate symbionts display exceptional genetic and functional diversity, and meaningful predictions of the future that embrace this biological complexity are difficult to make. A recent move to trait-based biology (and an understanding of how traits are shaped by the environment) has been adopted to move past this problem. The aim of this review is to: (1) provide an overview of the major cnidarian lineages that are symbiotic with Symbiodiniaceae; (2) summarise the symbiodiniacean genera associated with cnidarians with reference to recent changes in taxonomy and systematics; (3) examine the knowledge gaps in Symbiodiniaceae life history from a trait-based perspective; (4) review Symbiodiniaceae trait variation along three abiotic gradients (light, nutrients, and temperature); and (5) provide recommendations for future research of Symbiodiniaceae traits. We anticipate that a detailed understanding of traits will further reveal basic knowledge of the evolution and functional diversity of these mutualisms, as well as enhance future efforts to model stability and change in ecosystems dependent on cnidarian-dinoflagellate organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Nitschke
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand; Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia.
| | - Sabrina L Rosset
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Clinton A Oakley
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Stephanie G Gardner
- Center for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma F Camp
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - David J Suggett
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon K Davy
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Cui G, Liew YJ, Konciute MK, Zhan Y, Hung SH, Thistle J, Gastoldi L, Schmidt-Roach S, Dekker J, Aranda M. Nutritional control regulates symbiont proliferation and life history in coral-dinoflagellate symbiosis. BMC Biol 2022; 20:103. [PMID: 35549698 PMCID: PMC9102920 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coral-Symbiodiniaceae symbiosis is fundamental for the coral reef ecosystem. Corals provide various inorganic nutrients to their algal symbionts in exchange for the photosynthates to meet their metabolic demands. When becoming symbionts, Symbiodiniaceae cells show a reduced proliferation rate and a different life history. While it is generally believed that the animal hosts play critical roles in regulating these processes, far less is known about the molecular underpinnings that allow the corals to induce the changes in their symbionts. Results We tested symbiont cell proliferation and life stage changes in vitro in response to different nutrient-limiting conditions to determine the key nutrients and to compare the respective symbiont transcriptomic profiles to cells in hospite. We then examined the effects of nutrient repletion on symbiont proliferation in coral hosts and quantified life stage transitions in vitro using time-lapse confocal imaging. Here, we show that symbionts in hospite share gene expression and pathway activation profiles with free-living cells under nitrogen-limited conditions, strongly suggesting that symbiont proliferation in symbiosis is limited by nitrogen availability. Conclusions We demonstrate that nitrogen limitation not only suppresses cell proliferation but also life stage transition to maintain symbionts in the immobile coccoid stage. Nutrient repletion experiments in corals further confirmed that nitrogen availability is the major factor limiting symbiont density in hospite. Our study emphasizes the importance of nitrogen in coral-algae interactions and, more importantly, sheds light on the crucial role of nitrogen in symbiont life history regulation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-022-01306-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxin Cui
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yi Jin Liew
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Migle K Konciute
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ye Zhan
- Program in Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shiou-Han Hung
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jana Thistle
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lucia Gastoldi
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sebastian Schmidt-Roach
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Job Dekker
- Program in Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Manuel Aranda
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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10
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Camp EF, Nitschke MR, Clases D, Gonzalez de Vega R, Reich HG, Goyen S, Suggett DJ. Micronutrient content drives elementome variability amongst the Symbiodiniaceae. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:184. [PMID: 35395710 PMCID: PMC8994382 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03512-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elements are the basis of life on Earth, whereby organisms are essentially evolved chemical substances that dynamically interact with each other and their environment. Determining species elemental quotas (their elementome) is a key indicator for their success across environments with different resource availabilities. Elementomes remain undescribed for functionally diverse dinoflagellates within the family Symbiodiniaceae that includes coral endosymbionts. We used dry combustion and ICP-MS to assess whether Symbiodiniaceae (ten isolates spanning five genera Breviolum, Cladocopium, Durusdinium, Effrenium, Symbiodinium) maintained under long-term nutrient replete conditions have unique elementomes (six key macronutrients and nine micronutrients) that would reflect evolutionarily conserved preferential elemental acquisition. For three isolates we assessed how elevated temperature impacted their elementomes. Further, we tested whether Symbiodiniaceae conform to common stoichiometric hypotheses (e.g., the growth rate hypothesis) documented in other marine algae. This study considers whether Symbiodiniaceae isolates possess unique elementomes reflective of their natural ecologies, evolutionary histories, and resistance to environmental change. RESULTS Symbiodiniaceae isolates maintained under long-term luxury uptake conditions, all exhibited highly divergent elementomes from one another, driven primarily by differential content of micronutrients. All N:P and C:P ratios were below the Redfield ratio values, whereas C:N was close to the Redfield value. Elevated temperature resulted in a more homogenised elementome across isolates. The Family-level elementome was (C19.8N2.6 P1.0S18.8K0.7Ca0.1) · 1000 (Fe55.7Mn5.6Sr2.3Zn0.8Ni0.5Se0.3Cu0.2Mo0.1V0.04) mmol Phosphorous-1 versus (C25.4N3.1P1.0S23.1K0.9Ca0.4) · 1000 (Fe66.7Mn6.3Sr7.2Zn0.8Ni0.4Se0.2Cu0.2Mo0.2V0.05) mmol Phosphorous -1 at 27.4 ± 0.4 °C and 30.7 ± 0.01 °C, respectively. Symbiodiniaceae isolates tested here conformed to some, but not all, stoichiometric principles. CONCLUSIONS Elementomes for Symbiodiniaceae diverge from those reported for other marine algae, primarily via lower C:N:P and different micronutrient expressions. Long-term maintenance of Symbiodiniaceae isolates in culture under common nutrient replete conditions suggests isolates have evolutionary conserved preferential uptake for certain elements that allows these unique elementomes to be identified. Micronutrient content (normalised to phosphorous) commonly increased in the Symbiodiniaceae isolates in response to elevated temperature, potentially indicating a common elemental signature to warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma F Camp
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Matthew R Nitschke
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand
| | - David Clases
- The Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Raquel Gonzalez de Vega
- The Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Hannah G Reich
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Samantha Goyen
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - David J Suggett
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
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11
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Blanckaert ACA, Omanović D, Fine M, Grover R, Ferrier-Pagès C. Desert dust deposition supplies essential bioelements to Red Sea corals. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:2341-2359. [PMID: 34981609 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-related increase in seawater temperature has become a leading cause of coral bleaching and mortality. However, corals from the northern Red Sea show high thermal tolerance and no recorded massive bleaching event. This specific region is frequently subjected to intense dust storms, coming from the surrounding arid deserts, which are expected to increase in frequency and intensity in the future. The aerial dust deposition supplies essential bioelements to the water column. Here, we investigated the effect of dust deposition on the physiology of a Red Sea coral, Stylophora pistillata. We measured the modifications in coral and Symbiodiniaceae metallome (cellular metal content), as well as the changes in photosynthesis and oxidative stress status of colonies exposed during few weeks to dust deposition. Our results show that 1 mg L-1 of dust supplied nanomolar amounts of nitrate and other essential bioelements, such as iron, manganese, zinc and copper, rapidly assimilated by the symbionts. At 25°C, metal bioaccumulation enhanced the chlorophyll concentration and photosynthesis of dust-exposed corals compared to control corals. These results suggest that primary production was limited by metal availability in seawater. A 5°C increase in seawater temperature enhanced iron assimilation in both control and dust-enriched corals. Temperature rise increased the photosynthesis of control corals only, dust-exposed ones having already reached maximal photosynthesis rates at 25°C. Finally, we observed a combined effect of temperature and bioelement concentration on the assimilation of molybdenum, cadmium, manganese and copper, which were in higher concentrations in symbionts of dust-exposed corals maintained at 30°C. All together these observations highlight the importance of dust deposition in the supply of essential bioelements, such as iron, to corals and its role in sustaining coral productivity in Red Sea reefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice C A Blanckaert
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Coral Ecophysiology Team, Monaco, Monaco
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Dario Omanović
- Center for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maoz Fine
- The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Science in Eilat, Eilat, Israel
| | - Renaud Grover
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Coral Ecophysiology Team, Monaco, Monaco
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12
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Cardoso GO, Falsarella LN, Chiroque-Solano PM, Porcher CC, Leitzke FP, Wegner AC, Carelli T, Salomon PS, Bastos AC, Sá F, Fallon S, Salgado LT, Moura RL. Coral growth bands recorded trace elements associated with the Fundão dam collapse. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150880. [PMID: 34634342 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In November 2015, the collapse of the Fundão dam (Minas Gerais, Brazil) carried over 40 × 106 m3 of iron ore tailings into the Doce river and caused massive environmental and socioeconomic impacts across the watershed. The downstream mudslide scavenged contaminants deposited in the riverbed, and several potentially toxic elements were further released through reduction and solubilization of Fe oxy-hydroxides under estuarine conditions. A turbidity plume was formed off the river mouth, but the detection of contaminants' dispersion in the ocean remains poorly assessed. This situation is specially concerning because Southwestern Atlantic's largest and richest reefs are located 70-250 km to the north of the Doce river mouth, and the legal dispute over the extent of monitoring, compensation and restoration measures are based either on indirect evidence from modeling or on direct evidence from remote sensing and contaminated organisms. Coral skeletons can incorporate trace elements and are considered good monitors of marine pollution, including inputs from open cut mining. Here, we studied a Montastraea cavernosa (Linnaeus 1767) coral colony collected 220 km northward to the river mouth, using X-rays for assessing growth bands and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry to recover trace elements incorporated in growth bands formed between 2014 and 2018. A threefold positive Fe anomaly was identified in early 2016, associated with negative anomalies in several elements. Variation in Ba and Y was coherent with the region's sedimentation dynamics, but also increased after 2016, akin to Pb, V and Zn. Coral growth rates decreased after the disaster. Besides validating M. cavernosa as a reliable archive of ocean chemistry, our results evidence wide-reaching sub-lethal coral contamination in the Abrolhos reefs, as well as different incorporation mechanisms into corals' skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel O Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia and Núcleo Professor Rogério Vale de Produção Sustentável-SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ludmilla N Falsarella
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia and Núcleo Professor Rogério Vale de Produção Sustentável-SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pamela M Chiroque-Solano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia and Núcleo Professor Rogério Vale de Produção Sustentável-SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Departamento de Tecnologias e Linguagens, Instituto Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 26020-740 Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carla C Porcher
- Laboratório de Geologia Isotópica, Centro de Estudos em Petrologia e Geoquímica, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe P Leitzke
- Laboratório de Geologia Isotópica, Centro de Estudos em Petrologia e Geoquímica, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline C Wegner
- Laboratório de Geologia Isotópica, Centro de Estudos em Petrologia e Geoquímica, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Thiago Carelli
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 22240-490 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Salomon
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia and Núcleo Professor Rogério Vale de Produção Sustentável-SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alex C Bastos
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 29075-910 Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Fabian Sá
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 29075-910 Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Stewart Fallon
- Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Leonardo T Salgado
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, 22460-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo L Moura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia and Núcleo Professor Rogério Vale de Produção Sustentável-SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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13
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Decelle J, Veronesi G, LeKieffre C, Gallet B, Chevalier F, Stryhanyuk H, Marro S, Ravanel S, Tucoulou R, Schieber N, Finazzi G, Schwab Y, Musat N. Subcellular architecture and metabolic connection in the planktonic photosymbiosis between Collodaria (radiolarians) and their microalgae. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:6569-6586. [PMID: 34499794 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photosymbiosis is widespread and ecologically important in the oceanic plankton but remains poorly studied. Here, we used multimodal subcellular imaging to investigate the photosymbiosis between colonial Collodaria and their microalga dinoflagellate (Brandtodinium). We showed that this symbiosis is very dynamic whereby symbionts interact with different host cells via extracellular vesicles within the colony. 3D electron microscopy revealed that the photosynthetic apparatus of the microalgae was more voluminous in symbiosis compared to free-living while the mitochondria volume was similar. Stable isotope probing coupled with NanoSIMS showed that carbon and nitrogen were stored in the symbiotic microalga in starch granules and purine crystals respectively. Nitrogen was also allocated to the algal nucleolus. In the host, low 13 C transfer was detected in the Golgi. Metal mapping revealed that intracellular iron concentration was similar in free-living and symbiotic microalgae (c. 40 ppm) and twofold higher in the host, whereas copper concentration increased in symbionts and was detected in the host cell and extracellular vesicles. Sulfur concentration was around two times higher in symbionts (chromatin and pyrenoid) than their host. This study improves our understanding on the functioning of this oceanic photosymbiosis and paves the way for more studies to further assess its biogeochemical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Decelle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAe, IRIG-LPCV, Grenoble, France.,Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (LCBM), UMR 5249 CNRS-CEA-UGA, F-38054, Grenoble, France.,CEA, LCBM, F-38054, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, LCBM, F-38054, Grenoble, France.,ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Benoit Gallet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabien Chevalier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAe, IRIG-LPCV, Grenoble, France
| | - Hryhoriy Stryhanyuk
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sophie Marro
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), UMR 7093, Observatoire Océanologique, 06230, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Stéphane Ravanel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAe, IRIG-LPCV, Grenoble, France
| | - Rémi Tucoulou
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Nicole Schieber
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Finazzi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAe, IRIG-LPCV, Grenoble, France
| | - Yannick Schwab
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niculina Musat
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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14
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Reich HG, Tu WC, Rodriguez IB, Chou Y, Keister EF, Kemp DW, LaJeunesse TC, Ho TY. Iron Availability Modulates the Response of Endosymbiotic Dinoflagellates to Heat Stress. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:3-13. [PMID: 32996595 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Warming and nutrient limitation are stressors known to weaken the health of microalgae. In situations of stress, access to energy reserves can minimize physiological damage. Because of its widespread requirements in biochemical processes, iron is an important trace metal, especially for photosynthetic organisms. Lowered iron availability in oceans experiencing rising temperatures may contribute to the thermal sensitivity of reef-building corals, which rely on mutualisms with dinoflagellates to survive. To test the influence of iron concentration on thermal sensitivity, the physiological responses of cultured symbiotic dinoflagellates (genus Breviolum; family Symbiodiniaceae) were evaluated when exposed to increasing temperatures (26 to 30°C) and iron concentrations ranging from replete (500 pM Fe') to limiting (50 pM Fe') under a diurnal light cycle with saturating radiance. Declines in photosynthetic efficiency at elevated temperatures indicated sensitivity to heat stress. Furthermore, five times the amount of iron was needed to reach exponential growth during heat stress (50 pM Fe' at 26-28°C vs. 250 pM Fe' at 30°C). In treatments where exponential growth was reached, Breviolum psygmophilum grew faster than B.minutum, possibly due to greater cellular contents of iron and other trace metals. The metal composition of B.psygmophilum shifted only at the highest temperature (30°C), whereas changes in B.minutum were observed at lower temperatures (28°C). The influence of iron availability in modulating each alga's response to thermal stress suggests the importance of trace metals to the health of coral-algal mutualisms. Ultimately, a greater ability to acquire scarce metals may improve the tolerance of corals to physiological stressors and contribute to the differences in performance associated with hosting one symbiont species over another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah G Reich
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Wan-Chen Tu
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Irene B Rodriguez
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yalan Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Elise F Keister
- Department of Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA
| | - Dustin W Kemp
- Department of Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA
| | - Todd C LaJeunesse
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Tung-Yuan Ho
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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16
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Yang F, Long C, Wei Z, Long L. Optimization of medium using response surface methodology to enhance the growth of Effrenium voratum (Symbiodiniaceae, Dinophyceae). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:1208-1215. [PMID: 32306387 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Survival of coral reef-associated Symbiodiniaceae is vital to maintain the healthy coral community in coral reefs. However, knowledge about cultivation of free-living or symbiotic Symbiodiniaceae has been limited. In this study, the response surface methodology was applied to optimize the medium for Effrenium voratum. The results showed that the impacts of nutrient components on algal growth were: FeCl3 > NaH2 PO4 >MnSO4 > MgSO4 /CoSO4 > KCl>ZnSO4 > CaCl2 /NaNO3 , among which NaH2 PO4 and FeCl3 significantly affected algal growth. The optimal medium was: natural seawater supplemented with NaH2 PO4 ·2H2 O 0.25 mM,FeCl3 ·6H2 O 14.24 μM, NaNO3 0.94 mM, MgSO4 ·7H2 O 40.63 mM, KCl 5.37 mM, CaCl2 ·2H2 O 4.08 mM, ZnSO4 ·7H2 O 0.35 μM, MnSO4 9.93 μM, and CoSO4 0.36 μM. The use of the optimized medium resulted in an increase of biomass yield (0.76 g dry weight · L-1 ) by 46% over that using the initial medium, which agreed with the predicted value (0.71 g · L-1 ). Additionally, fatty acids, mainly consisting of palmitic acid (C16:0) and ethyl carbonate (C20:0), accounted for approximately 50% of the total fatty acids in E. voratum. Interestingly, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) accounted for 6% of total fatty acids, a high proportion that makes E. voratum a potential candidate feedstock in aquaculture for DHA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Chao Long
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Zhangliang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Lijuan Long
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
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17
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Yang T, Diao X, Cheng H, Wang H, Zhou H, Zhao H, Chen CM. Comparative study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (HMs) in corals, sediments and seawater from coral reefs of Hainan, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114719. [PMID: 32417574 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated levels of PAHs and HMs in fourteen species from seven genera of scleractinian corals, adjacent sediments, and surface seawater in Hainan, China. The sources of contaminations were analyzed as well. The results showed that scleractinian corals had a relatively higher bioaccumulation capacity for PAHs from sediments than for HMs. There were inter-species differences for these contaminants enriched in corals. Pavona varians and Porites lutea could accumulate PAHs more readily. While higher concentrations of Cr, Mn and Pb occurred in Favites flexuosa, other metal levels, such as for Ni, Cu, Zn and As, were found to be elevated in Pocillopora damicornis, as well as for Cd in Acropora echinata. It was found that PAHs originated from petrogenic and pyrolytic sources, and were mainly linked to onshore and on-sea activities, such as motorboats. Mn, Ni, As and Cd were from crustal materials or natural weathering, while Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb were non-crustal origin connecting with the use of anti-fouling boat paint and agricultural and/or aquacultural chemicals. This study suggested that corals could serve as good bioindicators for two types of chemical pollution in the reef system, especially for the two species P. varians and P. lutea for PAHs contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinghan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xiaoping Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Huamin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hailong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Chien Min Chen
- Department of Environmental Resources and Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Taiwan, China
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18
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Lin S, Yu L, Zhang H. Transcriptomic Responses to Thermal Stress and Varied Phosphorus Conditions in Fugacium kawagutii. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7040096. [PMID: 30987028 PMCID: PMC6517890 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7040096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coral reef-associated Symbiodiniaceae live in tropical and oligotrophic environments and are prone to heat and nutrient stress. How their metabolic pathways respond to pulses of warming and phosphorus (P) depletion is underexplored. Here, we conducted RNA-seq analysis to investigate transcriptomic responses to thermal stress, phosphate deprivation, and organic phosphorus (OP) replacement in Fugacium kawagutii. Using dual-algorithm (edgeR and NOIseq) to remedy the problem of no replicates, we conservatively found 357 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under heat stress, potentially regulating cell wall modulation and the transport of iron, oxygen, and major nutrients. About 396 DEGs were detected under P deprivation and 671 under OP utilization, both mostly up-regulated and potentially involved in photosystem and defensome, despite different KEGG pathway enrichments. Additionally, we identified 221 genes that showed relatively stable expression levels across all conditions (likely core genes), mostly catalytic and binding proteins. This study reveals a wide range of, and in many cases previously unrecognized, molecular mechanisms in F. kawagutii to cope with heat stress and phosphorus-deficiency stress. Their quantitative expression dynamics, however, requires further verification with triplicated experiments, and the data reported here only provide clues for generating testable hypotheses about molecular mechanisms underpinning responses and adaptation in F. kawagutii to temperature and nutrient stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senjie Lin
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
| | - Liying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
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Abstract
Unprecedented mass coral bleaching events due to global warming and overall seawater pollution have been observed worldwide over the last decades. Although metals are often considered as toxic substances for corals, some are essential at nanomolar concentrations for physiological processes such as photosynthesis and antioxidant defenses. This study was designed to elucidate, the individual and combined effects of nanomolar seawater enrichment in manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe), on the main physiological traits of Stylophora pistillata, maintained under normal growth and thermal stress conditions. We provide, for the first time, evidence that Mn is a key trace element for coral symbionts, enhancing cellular chlorophyll concentrations, photosynthetic efficiency and gross photosynthetic rates at ambient temperature. Our experiment also highlights the key role of Mn in increasing coral resistance to heat stress-induced bleaching. While Mn-enriched corals did not bleach and did not reduce their rates of photosynthesis and calcification, control corals experienced significant bleaching. On the contrary to Mn, Fe enrichment not only impaired calcification but induced significant bleaching. Such information is an important step towards a better understanding of the response of corals to seawater enrichment in metals. It can also explain, to some extent, species susceptibility to environmental stress.
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Teng Z, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Pan H, Xu J, Huang H, Xiao T, Wu LF. Diversity and Characterization of Multicellular Magnetotactic Prokaryotes From Coral Reef Habitats of the Paracel Islands, South China Sea. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2135. [PMID: 30271390 PMCID: PMC6142882 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
While multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes (MMPs) are ubiquitous in marine environments, the diversity of MMPs in sediments of coral reef ecosystems has rarely been reported. In this study, we made an investigation on the diversity and characteristics of MMPs in sediments at 11 stations in coral reef habitats of the Paracel Islands. The results showed that MMPs were present at nine stations, with spherical mulberry-like MMPs (s-MMPs) found at all stations and ellipsoidal pineapple-like MMPs (e-MMPs) found at seven stations. The maximum abundance of MMPs was 6 ind./cm3. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of one e-MMP species and five s-MMP species including two species of a new genus. The results indicate that coral reef habitats of the Paracel Islands have a high diversity of MMPs that bio-mineralize multiple intracellular chains of iron crystals and play important role in iron cycling in such oligotrophic environment. These observations provide new perspective of the diversity of MMPs in general and expand knowledge of the occurrence of MMPs in coral reef habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojie Teng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,International Associated Laboratory of Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms (LIA-MagMC), CNRS-CAS, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongmiao Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,International Associated Laboratory of Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms (LIA-MagMC), CNRS-CAS, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianhong Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,International Associated Laboratory of Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms (LIA-MagMC), CNRS-CAS, Qingdao, China
| | - Long-Fei Wu
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LCB, Marseille, France.,International Associated Laboratory of Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms (LIA-MagMC), CNRS-CAS, Qingdao, China
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21
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Rodriguez IB, Ho TY. Trace Metal Requirements and Interactions in Symbiodinium kawagutii. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:142. [PMID: 29467748 PMCID: PMC5808119 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms need trace metals for various biological processes and different groups of microalgae have distinctive obligate necessities due to their respective biochemical requirements and ecological niches. We have previously shown that the dinoflagellate Symbiodinium kawagutii requires high concentrations of bioavailable Fe to achieve optimum growth. Here, we further explored the trace metal requirements of S. kawagutii with intensive focus on the effect of individual metal and its interaction with other divalent metals. We found that low Zn availability significantly decreases growth rates and results in elevated intracellular Mn, Co, Ni, and Fe quotas in the dinoflagellate. The results highlight the complex interaction among trace metals in S. kawagutii and suggest either metal replacement strategy to counter low Zn availability or enhanced uptake of other metals by non-specific divalent metal transporters. In this work, we also examined the Fe requirement of S. kawagutii using continuous cultures. We validated that 500 pM of Fe′ was sufficient to support maximum cell density during steady state growth period either at 26 or 28°C. This study shows that growth of S. kawagutii was limited by metal availability in the following order, Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Co. The fundamental information obtained for the free-living Symbiodinium shall provide insights into how trace metal availability, either from ambient seawater or hosts, affects growth and proliferation of symbiotic dinoflagellates and the interaction between symbiont and their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene B Rodriguez
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yuan Ho
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Rodriguez IB, Ho TY. Interactive effects of spectral quality and trace metal availability on the growth of Trichodesmium and Symbiodinium. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188777. [PMID: 29190820 PMCID: PMC5708828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Light and trace metals are critical growth factors for algae but how the interdependence of light quality and metal availability affects algal growth remains largely unknown. Our previous studies have demonstrated the importance of Ni and Fe on the growth of Trichodesmium and Symbiodinium, respectively, two important marine primary producers inhabiting environments with high light intensities. Here, we investigated the effects of light quality and intensity with availability of either Ni or Fe on their growth. For Trichodesmium, we found that specific growth rates for high Ni treatments were all significantly higher than in corresponding low Ni treatments with varying light quality and intensity. The inhibitory effect of low intensity red light was also countered by sufficient Ni supply. For Symbiodinium, we found that growth rates and biomass were reduced by 75% under low intensity red light and the stress can only be partially relieved by sufficient Fe supply. The results show that trace metal availability plays an important role in relieving the stress induced by low red light condition for both Trichodesmium and Symbiodinium although the cyanobacterium performs better in this growth condition. The difference may be attributed to the presence of phycocyanin, a unique pigment attuned to absorption of red light, in Trichodesmium. Our study shows that the concerted effects of light intensity and quality compounded with trace metal availability may influence the growth of photosynthetic organisms in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene B. Rodriguez
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yuan Ho
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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23
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Blaby-Haas CE, Merchant SS. Regulating cellular trace metal economy in algae. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 39:88-96. [PMID: 28672168 PMCID: PMC5595633 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
As indispensable protein cofactors, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn are at the center of multifaceted acclimation mechanisms that have evolved to ensure extracellular supply meets intracellular demand. Starting with selective transport at the plasma membrane and ending in protein metalation, metal homeostasis in algae involves regulated trafficking of metal ions across membranes, intracellular compartmentalization by proteins and organelles, and metal-sparing/recycling mechanisms to optimize metal-use efficiency. Overlaid on these processes are additional circuits that respond to the metabolic state as well as to the prior metal status of the cell. In this review, we focus on recent progress made toward understanding the pathways by which the single-celled, green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii controls its cellular trace metal economy. We also compare these mechanisms to characterized and putative processes in other algal lineages. Photosynthetic microbes continue to provide insight into cellular regulation and handling of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn as a function of the nutritional supply and cellular demand for metal cofactors. New experimental tools such as RNA-Seq and subcellular metal imaging are bringing us closer to a molecular understanding of acclimation to supply dynamics in algae and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crysten E Blaby-Haas
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 50 Bell Avenue, Building 463, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
| | - Sabeeha S Merchant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, USA; Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, USA
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24
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Rädecker N, Pogoreutz C, Ziegler M, Ashok A, Barreto MM, Chaidez V, Grupstra CGB, Ng YM, Perna G, Aranda M, Voolstra CR. Assessing the effects of iron enrichment across holobiont compartments reveals reduced microbial nitrogen fixation in the Red Sea coral Pocillopora verrucosa. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:6614-6621. [PMID: 28861262 PMCID: PMC5574852 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The productivity of coral reefs in oligotrophic tropical waters is sustained by an efficient uptake and recycling of nutrients. In reef-building corals, the engineers of these ecosystems, this nutrient recycling is facilitated by a constant exchange of nutrients between the animal host and endosymbiotic photosynthetic dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae), bacteria, and other microbes. Due to the complex interactions in this so-called coral holobiont, it has proven difficult to understand the environmental limitations of productivity in corals. Among others, the micronutrient iron has been proposed to limit primary productivity due to its essential role in photosynthesis and bacterial processes. Here, we tested the effect of iron enrichment on the physiology of the coral Pocillopora verrucosa from the central Red Sea during a 12-day experiment. Contrary to previous reports, we did not see an increase in zooxanthellae population density or gross photosynthesis. Conversely, respiration rates were significantly increased, and microbial nitrogen fixation was significantly decreased. Taken together, our data suggest that iron is not a limiting factor of primary productivity in Red Sea corals. Rather, increased metabolic demands in response to iron enrichment, as evidenced by increased respiration rates, may reduce carbon (i.e., energy) availability in the coral holobiont, resulting in reduced microbial nitrogen fixation. This decrease in nitrogen supply in turn may exacerbate the limitation of other nutrients, creating a negative feedback loop. Thereby, our results highlight that the effects of iron enrichment appear to be strongly dependent on local environmental conditions and ultimately may depend on the availability of other nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Rädecker
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudia Pogoreutz
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Maren Ziegler
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Ananya Ashok
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Marcelle M Barreto
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Veronica Chaidez
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Carsten G B Grupstra
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Yi Mei Ng
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Gabriela Perna
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Manuel Aranda
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Christian R Voolstra
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia
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25
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Biscéré T, Lorrain A, Rodolfo-Metalpa R, Gilbert A, Wright A, Devissi C, Peignon C, Farman R, Duvieilbourg E, Payri C, Houlbrèque F. Nickel and ocean warming affect scleractinian coral growth. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 120:250-258. [PMID: 28526200 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of corals and their Symbiodinium to warming has been extensively documented; however very few studies considered that anthropogenic inputs such as metal pollution have already an impact on many fringing reefs. Thus, today, nickel releases are common in coastal ecosystems. In this study, two major reef-building species Acropora muricata and Pocillopora damicornis were exposed in situ to ambient and moderate nickel concentrations on a short-term period (1h) using benthic chamber experiments. Simultaneously, we tested in laboratory conditions the combined effects of a chronic exposure (8weeks) to moderate nickel concentrations and ocean warming on A. muricata. The in situ experiment highlighted that nickel enrichment, at ambient temperature, stimulated by 27 to 47% the calcification rates of both species but not their photosynthetic performances. In contrast, an exposure to higher nickel concentration, in combination with elevated temperature simulated in aquaria, severely depressed by 30% the growth of A. muricata.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Biscéré
- IRD, ENTROPIE (UMR 9220), BP A5, 98848 Nouméa cedex, New-Caledonia; Ginger Soproner, BP 3583, 98846 Nouméa cedex, New-Caledonia.
| | - A Lorrain
- IRD, LEMAR (UMR 6539), BP A5, 98848 Nouméa cedex, New-Caledonia
| | | | - A Gilbert
- Ginger Soproner, BP 3583, 98846 Nouméa cedex, New-Caledonia
| | - A Wright
- Koniambo Nickel SAS, BP679, 98860 Koné cedex, New-Caledonia
| | - C Devissi
- IRD, ENTROPIE (UMR 9220), BP A5, 98848 Nouméa cedex, New-Caledonia
| | - C Peignon
- IRD, ENTROPIE (UMR 9220), BP A5, 98848 Nouméa cedex, New-Caledonia
| | - R Farman
- Aquarium des Lagons, BP8185, 98807 Nouméa cedex, New-Caledonia
| | - E Duvieilbourg
- LEMAR (UMR 6539), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, place Nicolas Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - C Payri
- IRD, ENTROPIE (UMR 9220), BP A5, 98848 Nouméa cedex, New-Caledonia
| | - F Houlbrèque
- IRD, ENTROPIE (UMR 9220), BP A5, 98848 Nouméa cedex, New-Caledonia
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