1
|
da Costa VG, Saivish MV, Sinhorini PF, Nogueira ML, Rahal P. A meta-analysis of Chikungunya virus in neurological disorders. Infect Dis Now 2024; 54:104938. [PMID: 38885813 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Chikungunya disease typically presents with the fever-arthralgia-rash symptom triad. However, an increase in the number of atypical clinical manifestations, particularly neurological disorders, has occurred. The current evidence regarding the pooled prevalence of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV)-associated neurological cases (CANCs) suspected of having an arboviral aetiology is not well-understood. Therefore, this meta-analysis included 19 studies (n = 7319 patients) and aimed to determine the pooled rate of exposure to CANC. The pooled positivity rate of CANC was 12 % (95 % CI: 6-19), and Brazil was overrepresented (11/19). These estimations varied between 3 and 14 % based on the diagnostic method (real-time PCR vs. ELISA-IgM) and biological samples (cerebrospinal fluid or blood specimens) used for detection of CHIKV. Regarding the frequency of CHIKV in neurological clinical subgroups, the rates were higher among patients with myelitis (27 %), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (27 %), Guillain-Barré syndrome (15 %), encephalitis (12 %), and meningoencephalitis (7 %). Our analysis highlights the significant burden of CANC. However, the data must be interpreted with caution due to the heterogeneity of the results, which may be related to the location of the studies covering endemic periods and/or outbreaks of CHIKV. Current surveillance resources should also focus on better characterizing the epidemiology of CHIKV infection in neurological disorders. Additionally, future studies should investigate the interactions between CHIKV and neurological diseases with the aim of gaining deeper insight into the mechanisms underlying the cause-and-effect relationship between these two phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivaldo G da Costa
- Laboratório de Estudos Genômicos, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marielena V Saivish
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto 15090‑000, SP, Brazil; Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas 13083‑100, SP, Brazil
| | - Paola F Sinhorini
- Laboratório de Estudos Genômicos, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurício L Nogueira
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto 15090‑000, SP, Brazil; Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA
| | - Paula Rahal
- Laboratório de Estudos Genômicos, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sukupayo PR, Poudel RC, Ghimire TR. Nature's Solution to Aedes Vectors: Toxorhynchites as a Biocontrol Agent. J Trop Med 2024; 2024:3529261. [PMID: 38948015 PMCID: PMC11213640 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3529261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the predatory potential of Toxorhynchites mosquitoes as biological control agents for Aedes vectors. A single larva can consume hundreds of mosquito larvae during its development, with preference for larger prey and higher consumption rates at higher prey densities. Studies suggest Toxorhynchites can significantly reduce Aedes populations. Beyond direct predation, they may indirectly influence prey behavior and adult mosquito lifespan. Despite the demonstrably positive effects of Toxorhynchites species as biocontrol agents, there are acknowledged limitations that require further investigation. These limitations include potential variations in effectiveness across diverse habitats and mosquito developmental stages. Additionally, long-term ecological sustainability and potential ramifications warrant further research. Future efforts should prioritize optimizing rearing and release strategies to enhance effectiveness. Exploring the potential for combined control methods with other biocontrol agents or traditional methods is also crucial. Finally, investigating the influence of environmental factors on predation rates can further refine and optimize the application of Toxorhynchites in mosquito control programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Punya Ram Sukupayo
- Department of ZoologyBhaktapur Multiple CampusTribhuvan University, Bhaktapur, Nepal
- Central Department of ZoologyTribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ram Chandra Poudel
- Molecular Biotechnology UnitNepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Tirth Raj Ghimire
- Department of ZoologyTri-Chandra Multiple CampusTribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sagar R, Raghavendhar S, Jain V, Khan N, Chandele A, Patel AK, Kaja M, Ray P, Kapoor N. Viremia and clinical manifestations in acute febrile patients of Chikungunya infection during the 2016 CHIKV outbreak in Delhi, India. INFECTIOUS MEDICINE 2024; 3:100088. [PMID: 38444748 PMCID: PMC10914418 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Background Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an infectious agent that caused several outbreaks among different countries and affected approximately 1.3 million Indian populations. It is transmitted by Aedes mosquito-either A. albopictus or A. aegypti. Generally, the clinical manifestations of CHIKV infection involve high-grade fever, joint pain, skin rashes, headache, and myalgia. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between the CHIKV virus load and clinical symptoms of the CHIKV infection so that better patient management can be done in the background of the CHIKV outbreak as there is no licensed anti-viral drug and approved vaccines available against CHIKV. Methods CHIKV RTPCR positive samples (n = 18) (Acute febrile patients having D.O.F ≤ 7 days) were taken for the quantification of CHIKV viremia by Real-Time PCR. Clinical features of the febrile patients were recorded during the collection of blood samples. Results The log mean virus load of 18 RT-PCR-positive samples was 1.3 × 106 copies/mL (1.21 × 103-2.33 × 108 copies/mL). Among the observed clinical features, the log mean virus load (CHIKV) of the patients without skin rash is higher than in the patients with skin rash (6.61 vs 5.5, P = 0.0435). Conclusion The conclusion of the study was that the patients with skin rashes had lower viral load and those without skin rashes had higher viral load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sagar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, IGNOU, New Delhi 110068, India
| | - Siva Raghavendhar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Vineet Jain
- HAH Centenary Hospital, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Naushad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Anmol Chandele
- ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, ICGEB, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Patel
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Murali Kaja
- ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, ICGEB, New Delhi 110067, India
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 30322 Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pratima Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Neera Kapoor
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, IGNOU, New Delhi 110068, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zini N, Ávila MHT, Cezarotti NM, Parra MCP, Banho CA, Sacchetto L, Negri AF, Araújo E, Bittar C, Milhin BHGDA, Miranda Hernandes V, Dutra KR, Trigo LA, Cecílio da Rocha L, Alves da Silva R, Celestino Dutra da Silva G, Fernanda Pereira Dos Santos T, de Carvalho Marques B, Lopes Dos Santos A, Augusto MT, Mistrão NFB, Ribeiro MR, Pinheiro TM, Maria Izabel Lopes Dos Santos T, Avilla CMS, Bernardi V, Freitas C, Gandolfi FDA, Ferraz Júnior HC, Perim GC, Gomes MC, Garcia PHC, Rocha RS, Galvão TM, Fávaro EA, Scamardi SN, Rogovski KS, Peixoto RL, Benfatti L, Cruz LT, Chama PPDF, Oliveira MT, Watanabe ASA, Terzian ACB, de Freitas Versiani A, Dibo MR, Chiaravalotti-Neto F, Weaver SC, Estofolete CF, Vasilakis N, Nogueira ML. Cryptic circulation of chikungunya virus in São Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil, 2015-2019. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012013. [PMID: 38484018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has spread across Brazil with varying incidence rates depending on the affected areas. Due to cocirculation of arboviruses and overlapping disease symptoms, CHIKV infection may be underdiagnosed. To understand the lack of CHIKV epidemics in São José do Rio Preto (SJdRP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil, we evaluated viral circulation by investigating anti-CHIKV IgG seroconversion in a prospective study of asymptomatic individuals and detecting anti-CHIKV IgM in individuals suspected of dengue infection, as well as CHIKV presence in Aedes mosquitoes. The opportunity to assess two different groups (symptomatic and asymptomatic) exposed at the same geographic region aimed to broaden the possibility of identifying the viral circulation, which had been previously considered absent. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Based on a prospective population study model and demographic characteristics (sex and age), we analyzed the anti-CHIKV IgG seroconversion rate in 341 subjects by ELISA over four years. The seroprevalence increased from 0.35% in the first year to 2.3% after 3 years of follow-up. Additionally, we investigated 497 samples from a blood panel collected from dengue-suspected individuals during the 2019 dengue outbreak in SJdRP. In total, 4.4% were positive for anti-CHIKV IgM, and 8.6% were positive for IgG. To exclude alphavirus cross-reactivity, we evaluated the presence of anti-Mayaro virus (MAYV) IgG by ELISA, and the positivity rate was 0.3% in the population study and 0.8% in the blood panel samples. In CHIKV and MAYV plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs), the positivity rate for CHIKV-neutralizing antibodies in these ELISA-positive samples was 46.7%, while no MAYV-neutralizing antibodies were detected. Genomic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed CHIKV genotype ECSA in São José do Rio Preto, SP. Finally, mosquitoes collected to complement human surveillance revealed CHIKV positivity of 2.76% of A. aegypti and 9.09% of A. albopictus (although it was far less abundant than A. aegypti) by RT-qPCR. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our data suggest cryptic CHIKV circulation in SJdRP detected by continual active surveillance. These low levels, but increasing, of viral circulation highlight the possibility of CHIKV outbreaks, as there is a large naïve population. Improved knowledge of the epidemiological situation might aid in outbreaks prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Zini
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus Henrique Tavares Ávila
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalia Morbi Cezarotti
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maisa Carla Pereira Parra
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cecília Artico Banho
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia Sacchetto
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreia Francesli Negri
- Vigilância Epidemiológica, Secretaria de Saúde de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emerson Araújo
- Department of Strategic Coordination of Health Surveillance, Secretary of Health Surveillance, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cintia Bittar
- Laboratório de Estudos Genômicos, Instituto de Biociências, Letras & Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Henrique Gonçalves de Aguiar Milhin
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victor Miranda Hernandes
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Rocha Dutra
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Agopian Trigo
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Cecílio da Rocha
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Alves da Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Celestino Dutra da Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamires Fernanda Pereira Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz de Carvalho Marques
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andresa Lopes Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Tayar Augusto
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalia Franco Bueno Mistrão
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milene Rocha Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tauyne Menegaldo Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thayza Maria Izabel Lopes Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clarita Maria Secco Avilla
- Laboratório de Estudos Genômicos, Instituto de Biociências, Letras & Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victoria Bernardi
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Freitas
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flora de Andrade Gandolfi
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hélio Correa Ferraz Júnior
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Camilotti Perim
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirella Cezare Gomes
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Carrilho Garcia
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Sborghi Rocha
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayna Manfrin Galvão
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliane Aparecida Fávaro
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samuel Noah Scamardi
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karen Sanmartin Rogovski
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renan Luiz Peixoto
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiza Benfatti
- Laboratório de Investigação de Microrganismos, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mânlio Tasso Oliveira
- Laboratório de Retrovirologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aripuanã Sakurada Aranha Watanabe
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Parasitologia e Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Bernardes Terzian
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alice de Freitas Versiani
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Margareth Regina Dibo
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Scott Cameron Weaver
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Cassia Fernanda Estofolete
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital de Base, FUNFARME, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mauricio Lacerda Nogueira
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Hospital de Base, FUNFARME, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lucas CJ, Sheridan RM, Reynoso GV, Davenport BJ, McCarthy MK, Martin A, Hesselberth JR, Hickman HD, Tamburini BA, Morrison TE. Chikungunya virus infection disrupts lymph node lymphatic endothelial cell composition and function via MARCO. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e176537. [PMID: 38194268 PMCID: PMC11143926 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.176537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection with chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes disruption of draining lymph node (dLN) organization, including paracortical relocalization of B cells, loss of the B cell-T cell border, and lymphocyte depletion that is associated with infiltration of the LN with inflammatory myeloid cells. Here, we found that, during the first 24 hours of infection, CHIKV RNA accumulated in MARCO-expressing lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in both the floor and medullary LN sinuses. The accumulation of viral RNA in the LN was associated with a switch to an antiviral and inflammatory gene expression program across LN stromal cells, and this inflammatory response - including recruitment of myeloid cells to the LN - was accelerated by CHIKV-MARCO interactions. As CHIKV infection progressed, both floor and medullary LECs diminished in number, suggesting further functional impairment of the LN by infection. Consistent with this idea, antigen acquisition by LECs, a key function of LN LECs during infection and immunization, was reduced during pathogenic CHIKV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cormac J. Lucas
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology and
- RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ryan M. Sheridan
- RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Glennys V. Reynoso
- Viral Immunity & Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy & Infectious Disease, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Aspen Martin
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics and
| | - Jay R. Hesselberth
- RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics and
| | - Heather D. Hickman
- Viral Immunity & Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy & Infectious Disease, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Beth A.J. Tamburini
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology and
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aguilar-Luis MA, Watson H, Tarazona-Castro Y, Troyes-Rivera L, Cabellos-Altamirano F, Silva-Caso W, Aquino-Ortega R, Carrillo-Ng H, Zavaleta-Gavidia V, del Valle-Mendoza J. The Chikungunya virus: A reemerging cause of acute febrile illness in the high jungle of northern Peru. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011787. [PMID: 38079402 PMCID: PMC10712839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) that causes undifferentiated acute febrile illness. Cases of CHIKV may be under-reported in Peru, given the various difficulties in diagnosing it, such as lack of diagnostic tests in remote areas, the passive nature of epidemiological surveillance, and co-circulation of other arthropod-borne pathogens. Therefore, a study was conducted in the high jungle of northern Peru to determine the prevalence of CHIKV among febrile patients and describe their clinical characteristics. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in the province of Jaen, Cajamarca, located in the high jungle of northern Peru. Patients attending primary healthcare centers within Cajamarca's Regional Health Directorate were enrolled. The study took place from June 2020 through June 2021. Patients were eligible if they sought outpatient healthcare for a clinical diagnosis of acute febrile illness (AFI). Serum samples were collected from all patients, and the diagnosis of CHIKV was determined using real-time RT-PCR, as well as the detection of IgM antibodies by ELISA. A logistic regression model was employed to identify the risk factors for CHIKV, and the odds ratios (ORs) were calculated, along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS A total of 1 047 patients with AFI were included during the study period. CHIKV was identified in 130 patients of 1 047 (12.4%). Among the CHIKV positive cases, 84 of 130 (64.6%) were diagnosed by RT-PCR, 42 of 130 (32.3%) by IgM ELISA detection, and 4 of 130 (3.1%) by both assays. The majority of patients with CHIKV infection fell within the 18-39 years age group (50.0%), followed by the 40-59 years age group (23.9%) and those with 60 years or older (10.8%). The most common clinical symptoms observed in patients with CHIKV infection were headache (85.4%), myalgias (72.3%), and arthralgias (64.6%). The highest number of positive CHIKV cases occurred in May (23.1%), followed by March (20.0%) and February (13.8%) of 2021. CONCLUSION The study reports a considerable frequency of CHIKV infections among patients with AFI from the high jungle of northern Peru. These findings highlight the importance of recognizing CHIKV as an ongoing pathogen with continuous transmission in various areas of Peru. It is crucial to enhance epidemiological surveillance by implementing reliable diagnostic techniques, as the clinical symptoms of CHIKV infection can be nonspecific.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Aguilar-Luis
- School of Medicine, Research Center of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Hugh Watson
- Antiviral Research Unit, Evotec ID, Lyon, France
| | - Yordi Tarazona-Castro
- School of Medicine, Research Center of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Wilmer Silva-Caso
- School of Medicine, Research Center of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Ronald Aquino-Ortega
- School of Medicine, Research Center of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Hugo Carrillo-Ng
- School of Medicine, Research Center of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Victor Zavaleta-Gavidia
- Regional Laboratory of Cajamarca, Regional Health Directorate (Dirección Regional de Salud, DIRESA) of Cajamarca, Cajamarca, Peru
| | - Juana del Valle-Mendoza
- School of Medicine, Research Center of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dupuis AP, Lange RE, Ciota AT. Emerging tickborne viruses vectored by Amblyomma americanum (Ixodida: Ixodidae): Heartland and Bourbon viruses. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 60:1183-1196. [PMID: 37862097 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Heartland (HRTV) and Bourbon (BRBV) viruses are newly identified tick-borne viruses, isolated from serious clinical cases in 2009 and 2014, respectively. Both viruses originated in the lower Midwest United States near the border of Missouri and Kansas, cause similar disease manifestations, and are presumably vectored by the same tick species, Amblyomma americanum Linnaeus (Ixodida: Ixodidae). In this article, we provide a current review of HRTV and BRBV, including the virology, epidemiology, and ecology of the viruses with an emphasis on the tick vector. We touch on current challenges of vector control and surveillance, and we discuss future directions in the study of these emergent pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan P Dupuis
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Griffin Laboratory, 5668 State Farm Road, Slingerlands, NY 12159, USA
| | - Rachel E Lange
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Griffin Laboratory, 5668 State Farm Road, Slingerlands, NY 12159, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Alexander T Ciota
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Griffin Laboratory, 5668 State Farm Road, Slingerlands, NY 12159, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lucas CJ, Sheridan RM, Reynoso GV, Davenport BJ, McCarthy MK, Martin A, Hesselberth JR, Hickman HD, Tamburini BAJ, Morrison TE. Chikungunya virus infection disrupts lymph node lymphatic endothelial cell composition and function via MARCO. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.12.561615. [PMID: 37873393 PMCID: PMC10592756 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.12.561615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Infection with chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes disruption of draining lymph node (dLN) organization, including paracortical relocalization of B cells, loss of the B cell-T cell border, and lymphocyte depletion that is associated with infiltration of the LN with inflammatory myeloid cells. Here, we find that during the first 24 h of infection, CHIKV RNA accumulates in MARCO-expressing lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in both the floor and medullary LN sinuses. The accumulation of viral RNA in the LN was associated with a switch to an antiviral and inflammatory gene expression program across LN stromal cells, and this inflammatory response, including recruitment of myeloid cells to the LN, was accelerated by CHIKV-MARCO interactions. As CHIKV infection progressed, both floor and medullary LECs diminished in number, suggesting further functional impairment of the LN by infection. Consistent with this idea, we find that antigen acquisition by LECs, a key function of LN LECs during infection and immunization, was reduced during pathogenic CHIKV infection.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kasbergen LMR, Nieuwenhuijse DF, de Bruin E, Sikkema RS, Koopmans MPG. The increasing complexity of arbovirus serology: An in-depth systematic review on cross-reactivity. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011651. [PMID: 37738270 PMCID: PMC10550177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of arbovirus infection or exposure by antibody testing is becoming increasingly difficult due to global expansion of arboviruses, which induce antibodies that may (cross-)react in serological assays. We provide a systematic review of the current knowledge and knowledge gaps in differential arbovirus serology. The search included Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases and identified 911 publications which were reduced to 102 after exclusion of studies not providing data on possible cross-reactivity or studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria regarding confirmation of virus exposure of reference population sets. Using a scoring system to further assess quality of studies, we show that the majority of the selected papers (N = 102) provides insufficient detail to support conclusions on specificity of serological outcomes with regards to elucidating antibody cross-reactivity. Along with the lack of standardization of assays, metadata such as time of illness onset, vaccination, infection and travel history, age and specificity of serological methods were most frequently missing. Given the critical role of serology for diagnosis and surveillance of arbovirus infections, better standards for reporting, as well as the development of more (standardized) specific serological assays that allow discrimination between exposures to multiple different arboviruses, are a large global unmet need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David F. Nieuwenhuijse
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin de Bruin
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reina S. Sikkema
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marion P. G. Koopmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alguridi HI, Alzahrani F, Altayb HN, Almalki S, Zaki E, Algarni S, Assiri A, Memish ZA. The First Genomic Characterization of the Chikungunya Virus in Saudi Arabia. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2023; 13:191-199. [PMID: 37029884 PMCID: PMC10272072 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-023-00098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chikungunya is an arboviral infection caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) transmitted to humans by mosquitoes of Aedes spp. CHIKV has been confined to African countries and South-East Asia up to 2004, but since then, the pathogen has become more global, and its high morbidity rate has become more visible. Saudi Arabia is not an endemic region of CHIKV, and the virus's origin is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to characterize the genome of CHIKV from samples detected in Jeddah in 2018. METHOD Twenty-two sets of primers were designed to amplify near-full length genome of CHIKV. RT-PCR was conducted from clinical samples. Two samples were used for studying near complete genome sequence while the remaining samples were used to study the E1 gene. Different bioinformatics tools were utilized. RESULTS Phylogenetic analysis showed that the CHIKV strains clustered with strains isolated from Kenya during 2017-2018 and belonged to ECSA genotype. E1: L136F, K211E and I317V mutations were identified in our strains. Also, E2: M74I, A76T, and V264A mutations were documented. Additionally, the capsid N79S substitution was also detected. CONCLUSION The genome of CHIKV was analyzed for the first time in Saudi Arabia to better understand the origin of the CHIKV and its genetic diversity, which showed high similarity with IE-a subclade of CHIKV strains detected in Mombasa (Kenya) indicating its possible origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan I. Alguridi
- Molecular Biology Department, Jeddah Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box: 17040, Jeddah, 21484 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alzahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, Embryonic Stem Cells Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham N. Altayb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safar Almalki
- Molecular Biology Department, Jeddah Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box: 17040, Jeddah, 21484 Saudi Arabia
- Laboratories and Blood Banks Administration, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eitezaz Zaki
- Molecular Biology Department, Jeddah Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box: 17040, Jeddah, 21484 Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdullah Assiri
- Deputy Ministry for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad A. Memish
- Research and Innovation Center, King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
van Bree JW, Visser I, Duyvestyn JM, Aguilar-Bretones M, Marshall EM, van Hemert MJ, Pijlman GP, van Nierop GP, Kikkert M, Rockx BH, Miesen P, Fros JJ. Novel approaches for the rapid development of rationally designed arbovirus vaccines. One Health 2023; 16:100565. [PMID: 37363258 PMCID: PMC10288159 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases, including those transmitted by mosquitoes, account for more than 17% of infectious diseases worldwide. This number is expected to rise with an increased spread of vector mosquitoes and viruses due to climate change and man-made alterations to ecosystems. Among the most common, medically relevant mosquito-borne infections are those caused by arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), especially members of the genera Flavivirus and Alphavirus. Arbovirus infections can cause severe disease in humans, livestock and wildlife. Severe consequences from infections include congenital malformations as well as arthritogenic, haemorrhagic or neuroinvasive disease. Inactivated or live-attenuated vaccines (LAVs) are available for a small number of arboviruses; however there are no licensed vaccines for the majority of these infections. Here we discuss recent developments in pan-arbovirus LAV approaches, from site-directed attenuation strategies targeting conserved determinants of virulence to universal strategies that utilize genome-wide re-coding of viral genomes. In addition to these approaches, we discuss novel strategies targeting mosquito saliva proteins that play an important role in virus transmission and pathogenesis in vertebrate hosts. For rapid pre-clinical evaluations of novel arbovirus vaccine candidates, representative in vitro and in vivo experimental systems are required to assess the desired specific immune responses. Here we discuss promising models to study attenuation of neuroinvasion, neurovirulence and virus transmission, as well as antibody induction and potential for cross-reactivity. Investigating broadly applicable vaccination strategies to target the direct interface of the vertebrate host, the mosquito vector and the viral pathogen is a prime example of a One Health strategy to tackle human and animal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce W.M. van Bree
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Imke Visser
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jo M. Duyvestyn
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Eleanor M. Marshall
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn J. van Hemert
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gorben P. Pijlman
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Marjolein Kikkert
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Barry H.G. Rockx
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pascal Miesen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jelke J. Fros
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Garcia G, Irudayam JI, Jeyachandran AV, Dubey S, Chang C, Castillo Cario S, Price N, Arumugam S, Marquez AL, Shah A, Fanaei A, Chakravarty N, Joshi S, Sinha S, French SW, Parcells MS, Ramaiah A, Arumugaswami V. Innate immune pathway modulator screen identifies STING pathway activation as a strategy to inhibit multiple families of arbo and respiratory viruses. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101024. [PMID: 37119814 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
RNA viruses continue to remain a threat for potential pandemics due to their rapid evolution. Potentiating host antiviral pathways to prevent or limit viral infections is a promising strategy. Thus, by testing a library of innate immune agonists targeting pathogen recognition receptors, we observe that Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), stimulator of interferon genes (STING), TLR8, and Dectin-1 ligands inhibit arboviruses, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), West Nile virus, and Zika virus to varying degrees. STING agonists (cAIMP, diABZI, and 2',3'-cGAMP) and Dectin-1 agonist scleroglucan demonstrate the most potent, broad-spectrum antiviral function. Furthermore, STING agonists inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) infection in cardiomyocytes. Transcriptome analysis reveals that cAIMP treatment rescue cells from CHIKV-induced dysregulation of cell repair, immune, and metabolic pathways. In addition, cAIMP provides protection against CHIKV in a chronic CHIKV-arthritis mouse model. Our study describes innate immune signaling circuits crucial for RNA virus replication and identifies broad-spectrum antivirals effective against multiple families of pandemic potential RNA viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Ignatius Irudayam
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arjit Vijey Jeyachandran
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Swati Dubey
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christina Chang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sebastian Castillo Cario
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nate Price
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sathya Arumugam
- Department of Mathematics, Government College Daman, Daman, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 396210, India
| | - Angelica L Marquez
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aayushi Shah
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amir Fanaei
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nikhil Chakravarty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shantanu Joshi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sanjeev Sinha
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Samuel W French
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mark S Parcells
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Arunachalam Ramaiah
- Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, Center at inStem, Bangalore 560065, India; City of Milwaukee Health Department, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA.
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Deubiquitinating Enzyme Inhibitors Block Chikungunya Virus Replication. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020481. [PMID: 36851696 PMCID: PMC9966916 DOI: 10.3390/v15020481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination and deubiquitination processes are widely involved in modulating the function, activity, localization, and stability of multiple cellular proteins regulating almost every aspect of cellular function. Several virus families have been shown to exploit the cellular ubiquitin-conjugating system to achieve a productive infection: enter the cell, promote genome replication, or assemble and release viral progeny. In this study, we analyzed the role of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) during chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection. HEK293T, Vero-E6, and Huh-7 cells were treated with two DUB inhibitors (PR619 or WP1130). Then, infected cells were evaluated by flow cytometry, and viral progeny was quantified using the plaque assay method. The changes in viral proteins and viral RNA were analyzed using Western blotting and RT-qPCR, respectively. Results indicate that treatment with DUB inhibitors impairs CHIKV replication due to significant protein and viral RNA synthesis deregulation. Therefore, DUB activity may be a pharmacological target for blocking CHIKV infection.
Collapse
|
14
|
Garcia G, Irudayam JI, Jeyachandran AV, Dubey S, Chang C, Cario SC, Price N, Arumugam S, Marquez AL, Shah A, Fanaei A, Chakravarty N, Joshi S, Sinha S, French SW, Parcells M, Ramaiah A, Arumugaswami V. Broad-spectrum antiviral inhibitors targeting pandemic potential RNA viruses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.19.524824. [PMID: 36711787 PMCID: PMC9882367 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.19.524824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
RNA viruses continue to remain a clear and present threat for potential pandemics due to their rapid evolution. To mitigate their impact, we urgently require antiviral agents that can inhibit multiple families of disease-causing viruses, such as arthropod-borne and respiratory pathogens. Potentiating host antiviral pathways can prevent or limit viral infections before escalating into a major outbreak. Therefore, it is critical to identify broad-spectrum antiviral agents. We have tested a small library of innate immune agonists targeting pathogen recognition receptors, including TLRs, STING, NOD, Dectin and cytosolic DNA or RNA sensors. We observed that TLR3, STING, TLR8 and Dectin-1 ligands inhibited arboviruses, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), West Nile virus (WNV) and Zika virus, to varying degrees. Cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) STING agonists, such as cAIMP, diABZI, and 2',3'-cGAMP, and Dectin-1 agonist scleroglucan, demonstrated the most potent, broad-spectrum antiviral function. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that CHIKV-infected cells had larger number of differentially expressed genes than of WNV and ZIKV. Furthermore, gene expression analysis showed that cAIMP treatment rescued cells from CHIKV-induced dysregulation of cell repair, immune, and metabolic pathways. In addition, cAIMP provided protection against CHIKV in a CHIKV-arthritis mouse model. Cardioprotective effects of synthetic STING ligands against CHIKV, WNV, SARS-CoV-2 and enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections were demonstrated using human cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, the direct-acting antiviral drug remdesivir, a nucleoside analogue, was not effective against CHIKV and WNV, but exhibited potent antiviral effects against SARS-CoV-2, RSV (respiratory syncytial virus), and EV-D68. Our study identifies broad-spectrum antivirals effective against multiple families of pandemic potential RNA viruses, which can be rapidly deployed to prevent or mitigate future pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Ignatius Irudayam
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arjit Vijay Jeyachandran
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Swati Dubey
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christina Chang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sebastian Castillo Cario
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nate Price
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sathya Arumugam
- Department of Mathematics, Government College Daman, U.T of DNH & DD, India
| | - Angelica L. Marquez
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aayushi Shah
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amir Fanaei
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nikhil Chakravarty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shantanu Joshi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sanjeev Sinha
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Samuel W. French
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mark Parcells
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Arunachalam Ramaiah
- Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, Center at inStem, Bangalore 560065, India,City of Milwaukee Health Department, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA.,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami, DVM, PhD., 10833 Le Conte Ave, CHS B2-049A, Los Angeles, California 90095, Phone: (310) 794-9568, , Arunachalam Ramaiah, MS, PhD., 841 N. Broadway, 2nd Floor, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202,
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Lead Contact,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami, DVM, PhD., 10833 Le Conte Ave, CHS B2-049A, Los Angeles, California 90095, Phone: (310) 794-9568, , Arunachalam Ramaiah, MS, PhD., 841 N. Broadway, 2nd Floor, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mourad O, Makhani L, Chen LH. Chikungunya: An Emerging Public Health Concern. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2022; 24:217-228. [DOI: 10.1007/s11908-022-00789-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The worldwide spread of chikungunya over the past two decades calls for greater knowledge and awareness of the virus, its route of transmission, methods of diagnosis, and the use of available treatment and prevention measures.
Recent Findings
Chikungunya virus infection, an Aedes mosquito-borne febrile disease, has spread from Africa and Asia to Europe and the Americas and from the tropics and subtropics to temperate regions. International travel is a pivotal influence in the emergence of chikungunya as a global public health threat, as evidenced by a growing number of published reports on travel-related chikungunya infections. The striking features of chikungunya are arthralgia and arthritis, and the disease is often mistaken for dengue. Although mortality is low, morbidity can be profound and persistent. Current treatment for chikungunya is supportive; chikungunya vaccines and therapeutics are in development. Travelers planning to visit areas where the mosquito vectors are present should be advised on preventive measures.
Summary
Chikungunya is an emerging disease in the Americas. Frequent travel, the presence of at least two competent mosquito species, and a largely naïve human population in the Western Hemisphere create a setting conducive to future outbreaks. Awareness of the disease and its manifestations is critical to effectively and safely manage and limit its impact. Vaccines in late-stage clinical trials offer a new pathway to prevention.
Collapse
|
16
|
Fritsch H, Giovanetti M, Xavier J, Adelino TER, Fonseca V, de Jesus JG, de Jesus R, Freitas C, Peterka CRL, Campelo de Albuquerque CF, Bispo de Filippis AM, da Cunha RV, Silva EC, Alcantara LCJ, Iani FCDM. Retrospective Genomic Surveillance of Chikungunya Transmission in Minas Gerais State, Southeast Brazil. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0128522. [PMID: 36005767 PMCID: PMC9602355 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01285-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil accounted for a total number of 1,276,194 reported cases of chikungunya fever between 2014 and 2022. Additionally, since 2015, the country has experienced an increasing death toll, in which the Northeast and Southeast regions appear to report the worst scenarios. Although the CHIKV transmission dynamics have been studied in many parts of the country since its introduction in 2014, little is still known about chikungunya virus (CHIKV) transmission and genetic diversity in the state of Minas Gerais, located in southeast Brazil. Moreover, no studies have been published characterizing CHIKV genomic surveillance in this state. Thus, to retrospectively explore the CHIKV epidemic in Minas Gerais, we generated 40 genomes from clinical samples using Nanopore sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that multiple introductions of CHIKV occurred, likely from the northeastern Brazilian states, with the most recent common ancestral strain dating to early March 2016, which is in agreement with local epidemiological reports. Additionally, epidemiological data reveals a decline in the number of reported cases from 2017 to 2021, indicating that population immunity or changes in vector activity may have contributed to the decreasing waves of CHIKV infection. Together, our results shed light on the dispersion dynamics of CHIKV and show that infections decreased from March 2017 to January 2021 despite multiple introductions into Minas Gerais State. In conclusion, our study highlights the importance of combining genomic and epidemiological data in order to assist public health laboratories in monitoring and understanding the patterns and diversity of mosquito-borne viral epidemics. IMPORTANCE Arbovirus infections in Brazil, including chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika, result in considerable morbidity and mortality and are pressing public health concerns. However, our understanding of these outbreaks is hampered by the limited availability of genomic data. In this study, we combine epidemiological analysis and portable genome sequencing to retrospectively describe the CHIKV epidemic in Minas Gerais between 2017 and 2021. Our results indicate that the East/Central/South African (ECSA) CHIKV lineage was introduced into Minas Gerais by three distinct events, likely from the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. Our study provides an understanding of how CHIKV initiates transmission in the region and illustrates that genomics in the field can augment traditional approaches to infectious disease surveillance and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hegger Fritsch
- Laboratorio de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marta Giovanetti
- Laboratorio de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Joilson Xavier
- Laboratorio de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Talita Emile Ribeiro Adelino
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vagner Fonseca
- Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde, Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Góes de Jesus
- Laboratório de Patologia Experimental, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundacão Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo de Jesus
- Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Carla Freitas
- Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Cassio Roberto Leonel Peterka
- Coordenação Geral das Arboviroses, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde (CGARB/SVS-MS), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Erniria Carvalhais Silva
- Coordenadoria Estadual de Vigilância das Arboviroses, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Campos de Melo Iani
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Genomic Epidemiology Reveals the Circulation of the Chikungunya Virus East/Central/South African Lineage in Tocantins State, North Brazil. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102311. [PMID: 36298867 PMCID: PMC9611869 DOI: 10.3390/v14102311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus of the family Togaviridae transmitted to humans by Aedes spp. mosquitoes. In Brazil, imported cases have been reported since June 2014 through two independent introductions, one caused by Asian Lineage in Oiapoque, Amapá state, North Region, and another caused by East/Central/South African (ECSA) in Feira de Santana, Bahia state, Northeast Region. Moreover, there is still limited information about the genomic epidemiology of the CHIKV from surveillance studies. The Tocantins state, located in Northern Brazil, reported an increase in the number of CHIKV cases at the end of 2021 and the beginning of 2022. Thus, to better understand the dispersion dynamics of this viral pathogen in the state, we generated 27 near-complete CHIKV genome sequences from four cities, obtained from clinical samples. Our results showed that the newly CHIKV genomes from Tocantins belonged to the ECSA lineage. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed that Tocantins' strains formed a single well-supported clade, which appear to be closely related to isolates from the Rio Grande do Norte state (Northeast Brazil) and the Rio de Janeiro state (Southeast Brazil), that experienced an explosive ECSA epidemic between 2016-2019. Mutation analyses showed eleven frequent non-synonymous mutations in the structural and non-structural proteins, indicating the autochthonous transmission of the CHIKV in the state. None of the genomes recovered within the Tocantins samples carry the A226V mutation in the E1 protein associated with increased transmission in A. albopictus. The study presented here highlights the importance of continued genomic surveillance to provide information not only on recording mutations along the viral genome but as a molecular surveillance tool to trace virus spread within the country, to predict events of likely occurrence of new infections, and, as such, contribute to an improved public health service.
Collapse
|
18
|
Updating the Insecticide Resistance Status of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7100306. [PMID: 36288047 PMCID: PMC9607256 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are two important vectors of several important arboviruses, including the dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. Insecticide application is an important approach to reduce vector abundance during Aedes spp.-borne outbreaks in the absence of effective vaccines and treatments. However, insecticide overuse can result in the development of resistance, and careful monitoring of resistance markers is required. Methods: This meta-analysis and systematic review explored the spatial and temporal patterns of insecticide resistance in Asia from 2000 to 2021. PubMed, Scopus, EbscoHost, and Embase were used to enhance the search capability. The random-effects model was applied for the 94 studies that met our inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. Results: Four major insecticides were studied (malathion, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, permethrin, and deltamethrin). Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane resistance rates were high in both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus (68% and 64%, respectively). Conversely, malathion resistance was less prevalent in Ae. aegypti (3%), and deltamethrin resistance was less common in Ae. albopictus (2%). Ae. aegypti displayed consistently high resistance rates (35%) throughout the study period, whereas the rate of insecticide resistance in Ae. albopictus increased from 5% to 12%. The rates of the major kdr mutations F1534C, V1016G, and S989P were 29%, 26%, and 22%, respectively. Conclusions: Insecticide resistance in both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus is widespread in Asia, although the rates vary by country. Continuous monitoring of the resistance markers and modification of the control strategies will be important for preventing unexpected outbreaks. This systematic review and meta-analysis provided up-to-date information on insecticide resistance in dengue-endemic countries in Asia.
Collapse
|
19
|
In Depth Viral Diversity Analysis in Atypical Neurological and Neonatal Chikungunya Infections in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Viruses 2022; 14:v14092006. [PMID: 36146812 PMCID: PMC9506387 DOI: 10.3390/v14092006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. The human infection usually manifests as a febrile and incapacitating arthritogenic illness, self-limiting and non-lethal. However, since 2013, CHIKV spreading through the tropics and to the Americas was accompanied by an increasing number of cases of atypical disease presentation, namely severe neuropathies and neonatal infection due to intrapartum vertical transmission. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these conditions have not been fully elucidated. However, arbovirus intrahost genetic diversity is thought to be linked to viral pathogenesis. To determine whether particular viral variants could be somehow associated, we analyzed the intrahost genetic diversity of CHIKV in three infected patients with neurological manifestations and three mothers infected during the intrapartum period, as well as their babies following vertical transmission. No statistically supported differences were observed for the genetic variability (nucleotide substitutions/gene length) along the genome between the groups. However, the newborn and cerebrospinal fluid samples (corresponding to virus passed through the placenta and/or the blood–brain barrier (BBB)) presented a different composition of their intrahost mutant ensembles compared to maternal or patient serum samples, even when concurrent. This finding could be consistent with the unidirectional virus transmission through these barriers, and the effect of selective bottlenecks during the transmission event. In addition, a higher proportion of defective variants (insertions/deletions and stop codons) was detected in the CSF and maternal samples and those were mainly distributed within the viral non-structural genes. Since defective viral genomes in RNA viruses are known to contribute to the outcome of acute viral infections and influence disease severity, their role in these atypical cases should be further investigated. Finally, with the in silico approach adopted, we detected no relevant non-conservative mutational pattern that could provide any hint of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these atypical cases. The present analysis represents a unique contribution to our understanding of the transmission events in these cases and generates hypotheses regarding underlying mechanisms, that can be explored further.
Collapse
|
20
|
Verma J, Hasan A, Sunil S, Subbarao N. In silico identification and in vitro antiviral validation of potential inhibitors against Chikungunya virus. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2022; 36:521-536. [PMID: 35789450 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-022-00463-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has become endemic in the Africa, Asia and Indian subcontinent, with its continuous re-emergence causing a significant public health crisis. The unavailability of specific antivirals and vaccines against the virus has highlighted an urgent need for novel therapeutics. In the present study, we have identified small molecule inhibitors targeting the envelope proteins of the CHIKV to interfere with the fusion process, eventually inhibiting the cell entry of the virus particles. We employed high throughput computational screening of large datasets against two different binding sites in the E1-E2 dimer to identify potential candidate inhibitors. Among them, four high affinity inhibitors were selected to confirm their anti-CHIKV activity in the in vitro assay. Quercetin derivatives, Taxifolin and Rutin, binds to the E1-E2 dimer at different sites and display inhibition of CHIKV infection with EC50 values 3.6 μM and 87.67 μM, respectively. Another potential inhibitor with ID ChemDiv 8015-3006 binds at both the target sites and shows anti-CHIKV activity at EC50 = 41 μM. The results show dose-dependent inhibitory effects of Taxifolin, Rutin and ChemDiv 8015-3006 against the CHIKV with minimal cytotoxicity. In addition, molecular dynamics studies revealed the structural stability of these inhibitors at their respective binding sites in the E1-E2 protein. In conclusion, our study reports Taxifolin, Rutin and ChemDiv 8015-3006 as potential inhibitors of the CHIKV entry. Also, this study suggests a few potential candidate inhibitors which could serve as a template to design envelope protein specific CHIKV entry inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Verma
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Hasan
- Vector Borne Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujatha Sunil
- Vector Borne Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| | - Naidu Subbarao
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vidaurre JA, Weisleder P. Child Neurology Care in Latin America: Challenges and Potential Solutions. Pediatr Neurol 2022; 132:19-22. [PMID: 35598586 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current practice of child neurology in Latin America has been impacted by the waves of sociopolitical unrest that in the last decades have swept the region. METHODS We searched the available literature referring to the situation of child neurology in Latin America and conditions that specifically impact the region. RESULTS In lower-middle-income countries, the number of child neurologists is inadequate. Child neurologists working in large public hospitals can only afford to do so on a part-time basis as these institutions are chronically underfunded. Several circumstances are particularly relevant to Latin America: Spanish is the main language spoken, something that limits the opportunity to keep local child neurologists up to date. The structure of health care systems in Latin America varies significantly. Some countries have fragmented systems with inadequate capacity to offer equitable access to medical care. Latin America has been impacted by epidemics of arthropod-borne viruses: zika, chikungunya, and dengue. It stands to reason that the COVID-19 pandemic will affect the distribution of resources for chronic neurological conditions. CONCLUSIONS The virtual platforms such as Zoom, expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic, are useful not only to improve access to care through telemedicine but also for educational purposes. Collaborative efforts to support educational courses and symposia in Spanish are ongoing. It is necessary to set short- and long-term priorities to improve child neurology care in the region. Immediate priorities should focus on improving the diagnosis of neurological conditions, making emphasis on locally available resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Vidaurre
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital - The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Pedro Weisleder
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital - The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Eberle RJ, Olivier DS, Amaral MS, Pacca CC, Nogueira ML, Arni RK, Willbold D, Coronado MA. Riboflavin, a Potent Neuroprotective Vitamin: Focus on Flavivirus and Alphavirus Proteases. Microorganisms 2022; 10:1331. [PMID: 35889050 PMCID: PMC9315535 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Several neurotropic viruses are members of the flavivirus and alphavirus families. Infections caused by these viruses may cause long-term neurological sequelae in humans. The continuous emergence of infections caused by viruses around the world, such as the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) (Alphavirus genus), the zika virus (ZIKV) and the yellow fever virus (YFV) (both of the Flavivirus genus), warrants the development of new strategies to combat them. Our study demonstrates the inhibitory potential of the water-soluble vitamin riboflavin against NS2B/NS3pro of ZIKV and YFV and nsP2pro of CHIKV. Riboflavin presents a competitive inhibition mode with IC50 values in the medium µM range of 79.4 ± 5.0 µM for ZIKV NS2B/NS3pro and 45.7 ± 2.9 μM for YFV NS2B/NS3pro. Against CHIKV nsP2pro, the vitamin showed a very strong effect (93 ± 5.7 nM). The determined dissociation constants (KD) are significantly below the threshold value of 30 µM. The ligand binding increases the thermal stability between 4 °C and 8 °C. Unexpectedly, riboflavin showed inhibiting activity against another viral protein; the molecule was also able to inhibit the viral entry of CHIKV. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated great stability of riboflavin in the protease active site, which validates the repurposing of riboflavin as a promising molecule in drug development against the viruses presented here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael J. Eberle
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany;
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Danilo S. Olivier
- Center of Integrated Sciences, Campus Cimba, Federal University of Tocantins, Araguaína 77824-838, TO, Brazil;
| | - Marcos S. Amaral
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil;
| | - Carolina C. Pacca
- Instituto Superior de Educação Ceres, FACERES Medical School, São José do Rio Preto 15090-305, SP, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto-FAMERP, São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Mauricio L. Nogueira
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto-FAMERP, São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil;
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Raghuvir K. Arni
- Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation, Department of Physics, IBILCE, São Paulo State University, São Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany;
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- JuStruct: Jülich Centre for Structural Biology, Forchungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Monika A. Coronado
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lin WN, Tay MZ, Wong JXE, Lee CY, Fong SW, Wang CI, Ng LFP, Renia L, Chen CH, Cheow LF. Rapid microfluidic platform for screening and enrichment of cells secreting virus neutralizing antibodies. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:2578-2589. [PMID: 35694804 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00018k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As part of the body's immune response, antibodies (Abs) have the ability to neutralize pathogenic viruses to prevent infection. To screen for neutralizing Abs (nAbs) from the immune repertoire, multiple screening techniques have been developed. However, conventional methods have a trade-off between screening throughput and the ability to screen for nAbs via their functional efficacy. Although droplet microfluidic platforms have the ability to bridge this disparity, the majority of such reported platforms still rely on Ab-binding assays as a proxy for function, which results in irrelevant hits. Herein, we report the multi-module Droplet-based Platform for Effective Antibody RetrievaL (DROP-PEARL) platform, which can achieve high-throughput enrichment of Ab-secreting cells (ASCs) based on the neutralizing activity of secreted nAbs against the a target virus. In this study, in-droplet Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection of host cells and neutralization was demonstrated via sequential delivery of viruses and host cells via picoinjection. In addition, we demonstrate the ability of the sorting system to accurately discriminate and isolate uninfected droplets from a mixed population of droplets at a rate of 150 000 cells per hour. As a proof of concept, a single-cell neutralization assay was performed on two populations of cells (nAb-producing and non-Ab producing cells), and up to 2.75-fold enrichment of ASCs was demonstrated. Finally, we demonstrated that DROP-PEARL is able to achieve similar enrichment for low frequency (∼2%) functional nAb-producing cells in a background of excess cells secreting irrelevant antibodies, highlighting its potential prospect as a first round enrichment platform for functional ASCs. We envision that the DROP-PEARL platform could potentially be used to accelerate the discovery of nAbs against other pathogenic viral targets, and we believe it will be a useful in the ongoing fight against biological threats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Nicholas Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Matthew Zirui Tay
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Joel Xu En Wong
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | - Siew-Wai Fong
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | - Lisa Fong Poh Ng
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- National Institute of Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laurent Renia
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Chia-Hung Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Lih Feng Cheow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology (iHealthtech), Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Characterization of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Chikungunya virus and discovery of a novel ligand as a potential drug candidate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10601. [PMID: 35732685 PMCID: PMC9217121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14790-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is the causative agent of Chikungunya fever, an acute febrile and arthritogenic illness with no effective treatments available. The development of effective therapeutic strategies could be significantly accelerated with detailed knowledge of the molecular components behind CHIKV replication. However, drug discovery is hindered by our incomplete understanding of their main components. The RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (nsP4-CHIKV) is considered the key enzyme of the CHIKV replication complex and a suitable target for antiviral therapy. Herein, the nsP4-CHIKV was extensively characterized through experimental and computational biophysical methods. In the search for new molecules against CHIKV, a compound designated LabMol-309 was identified as a strong ligand of the nsp4-CHIKV and mapped to bind to its active site. The antiviral activity of LabMol-309 was evaluated in cellular-based assays using a CHIKV replicon system and a reporter virus. In conclusion, this study highlights the biophysical features of nsP4-CHIKV and identifies a new compound as a promising antiviral agent against CHIKV infection.
Collapse
|
25
|
Vasconcellos AF, Melo RM, Mandacaru SC, de Oliveira LS, de Oliveira AS, Moraes ECDS, Trugilho MRDO, Ricart CAO, Báo SN, Resende RO, Charneau S. Aedes aegypti Aag-2 Cell Proteome Modulation in Response to Chikungunya Virus Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:920425. [PMID: 35782121 PMCID: PMC9240781 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.920425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a single-stranded positive RNA virus that belongs to the genus Alphavirus and is transmitted to humans by infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus bites. In humans, CHIKV usually causes painful symptoms during acute and chronic stages of infection. Conversely, virus–vector interaction does not disturb the mosquito’s fitness, allowing a persistent infection. Herein, we studied CHIKV infection of Ae. aegypti Aag-2 cells (multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1) for 48 h through label-free quantitative proteomic analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM images showed a high load of intracellular viral cargo at 48 h postinfection (hpi), as well as an unusual elongated mitochondria morphology that might indicate a mitochondrial imbalance. Proteome analysis revealed 196 regulated protein groups upon infection, which are related to protein synthesis, energy metabolism, signaling pathways, and apoptosis. These Aag-2 proteins regulated during CHIKV infection might have roles in antiviral and/or proviral mechanisms and the balance between viral propagation and the survival of host cells, possibly leading to the persistent infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fernanda Vasconcellos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Reynaldo Magalhães Melo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Samuel Coelho Mandacaru
- Laboratory of Toxinology and Center for Technological Development in Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Athos Silva de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos André Ornelas Ricart
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Sônia Nair Báo
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Renato Oliveira Resende
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Sébastien Charneau, ; Renato Oliveira Resende,
| | - Sébastien Charneau
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Sébastien Charneau, ; Renato Oliveira Resende,
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
The Impacts of Medical Resources on Emerging Self-Limiting Infectious Diseases. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The spread of emerging self-limiting infectious diseases is closely related to medical resources. This paper introduces the concept of safe medical resources, i.e., the minimum medical resources that are needed to prevent the overburden of medical resources, and explores the impacts of medical resources on the spread of emerging self-limiting infectious diseases. The results showed that when the isolation rate of hospitalized patients who have mild infections is low, increasing the isolation rate of patients with severe infections requires safe more medical resources. On the contrary, when the isolation rate of hospitalized patients with mild infections is at a high level, increasing the isolation rate of patients with severe infections results in a decrease in safe medical resources. Furthermore, when the isolation rates of patients with mild and severe infections increase simultaneously, safe medical resources decrease gradually. That is to say, when the medical resources are at a low level, it is more necessary to improve the isolation rates of infected individuals so as to avoid the phenomenon of overburdened medical resources and control the spread of emerging infectious diseases. In addition, overwhelmed medical resources increase the number of deaths. Meanwhile, for different emerging self-limiting infectious diseases, as long as the recovery periods are the same, safe medical resources also remain the same.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ocular Manifestations of Chikungunya Infection: A Systematic Review. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11040412. [PMID: 35456087 PMCID: PMC9028588 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11040412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) can cause long lasting symptoms and manifestations. However, there is little information on which ocular ones are most frequent following infection. We performed a systematic review (registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; no CRD42020171928) to establish the most frequent ocular manifestations of CHIKV infection and their associations with gender and age. Articles published until September 2020 were selected from PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane and Scopus databases. Only studies with CHIKV-infected patients and eye alterations were included. Reviews, descriptive studies, or those not investigating the human ocular manifestations of CHIKV, those with patients with other diseases and infections, abstracts and studies without relevant data were excluded. Twenty-five studies were selected for inclusion. Their risk of bias was evaluated by a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The most frequent ocular symptoms of CHIKV infection included ocular pain, inflammation and reduced visual acuity, whilst conjunctivitis and optic neuritis were the most common manifestations of the disease. These occurred mostly in individuals of 42 ± 9.5 years of age and woman. The few available reports on CHIKV-induced eye manifestations highlight the need for further research in the field to gather more substantial evidence linking CHIKV infection, the eye and age/gender. Nonetheless, the data emphasizes that ocular alterations are meaningful occurrences of CHIKV infection which can substantially affect quality of life.
Collapse
|
28
|
Rueda JC, Arcos-Burgos M, Santos AM, Martin-Arsanios D, Villota-Erazo C, Reyes V, Bernal-Macías S, Peláez-Ballestas I, Cardiel MH, Londono J. Human Genetic Host Factors and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus Infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:654395. [PMID: 35252226 PMCID: PMC8888679 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.654395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus from the Togaviridae family that causes acute arthropathy in humans. It is an arthropod-borne virus transmitted initially by the Aedes (Ae) aegypti and after 2006's epidemic in La Reunion by Ae albopictus due to an adaptive mutation of alanine for valine in the position 226 of the E1 glycoprotein genome (A226V). The first isolated cases of CHIKV were reported in Tanzania, however since its arrival to the Western Hemisphere in 2013, the infection became a pandemic. After a mosquito bite from an infected viremic patient the virus replicates eliciting viremia, fever, rash, myalgia, arthralgia, and arthritis. After the acute phase, CHIKV infection can progress to a chronic stage where rheumatic symptoms can last for several months to years. Although there is a great number of studies on the pathogenesis of CHIKV infection not only in humans but also in animal models, there still gaps in the proper understanding of the disease. To this date, it is unknown why a percentage of patients do not develop clinical symptoms despite having been exposed to the virus and developing an adaptive immune response. Also, controversy stills exist on the pathogenesis of chronic joint symptoms. It is known that host immune response to an infectious disease is reflected on patient's symptoms. At the same time, it is now well-established that host genetic variation is an important component of the varied onset, severity, and outcome of infectious disease. It is essential to understand the interaction between the aetiological agent and the host to know the chronic sequelae of the disease. The present review summarizes the current findings on human host genetics and its relationship with immune response in CHIKV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Rueda
- Faculty of Medicine and Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Grupo de Espondiloartropatías, Rheumatology Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Arcos-Burgos
- Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría (GIPSI), Departamento de Psiquiatría, Faculty of Medicine, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ana M. Santos
- Grupo de Espondiloartropatías, Rheumatology Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Daniel Martin-Arsanios
- Grupo de Espondiloartropatías, Rheumatology Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Catalina Villota-Erazo
- Grupo de Espondiloartropatías, Rheumatology Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Viviana Reyes
- Grupo de Espondiloartropatías, Rheumatology Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago Bernal-Macías
- Grupo de Espondiloartropatías, Rheumatology Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - John Londono
- Grupo de Espondiloartropatías, Rheumatology Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, Colombia
- *Correspondence: John Londono
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tran QTN, Lee RCH, Liu HJ, Ran D, Low VZL, To DQ, Chu JJH, Chai CLL. Discovery and development of labdane-oxindole hybrids as small-molecule inhibitors against chikungunya virus infection. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 230:114110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
30
|
Plant-Derived Recombinant Vaccines against Zoonotic Viruses. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020156. [PMID: 35207444 PMCID: PMC8878793 DOI: 10.3390/life12020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases cause serious illness with billions of cases, and millions of deaths. The most effective way to restrict the spread of zoonotic viruses among humans and animals and prevent disease is vaccination. Recombinant proteins produced in plants offer an alternative approach for the development of safe, effective, inexpensive candidate vaccines. Current strategies are focused on the production of highly immunogenic structural proteins, which mimic the organizations of the native virion but lack the viral genetic material. These include chimeric viral peptides, subunit virus proteins, and virus-like particles (VLPs). The latter, with their ability to self-assemble and thus resemble the form of virus particles, are gaining traction among plant-based candidate vaccines against many infectious diseases. In this review, we summarized the main zoonotic diseases and followed the progress in using plant expression systems for the production of recombinant proteins and VLPs used in the development of plant-based vaccines against zoonotic viruses.
Collapse
|
31
|
Sharma P, Sharma P, Ahmad S, Kumar A. Chikungunya Virus Vaccine Development: Through Computational Proteome Exploration for Finding of HLA and cTAP Binding Novel Epitopes as Vaccine Candidates. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022; 28:50. [PMID: 35069056 PMCID: PMC8762984 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10347-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus is a major arbovirus of great public health concern in the whole world, but no vaccine is yet available, still advance therapeutic treatment and effective vaccines are in progress. The present multistep screening and structural binding analysis with CHIKV proteome exploration can be crucial in the development phase of CHIKV epitope based vaccine. The approach employed in two phases (i) Sequence based screening of peptides through propred and IEDB Server (ii) Structure based study through autodocking and NAMD VMD simulation analysis. Among all 29 extracted peptides, only two peptides 2LLANTTFPC10 of protein E3 and 98VNSVAIPLL106 of protein nsP3 were observed most prominent over all consider parameters such as peptide conserve nature, supertype population coverage, TAP binding, docking and simulation study. During docking interaction study, the best peptide and allele docked complexes such as 2LLANTTFPC10–B*0702 allele and 98VNSVAIPLL106–A*0301 allele exhibited best binding energy of − 3.13 kcal/mol and − 3.19 kcal/mol, respectively, with stable bonding patterns and their motion during NAMD simulation which confirm conserve peptide and allele stable interaction. The current study also exhibited the good docking interaction of both peptides 2LLANTTFPC10 and 98VNSVAIPLL106 with c TAP1 protein (1jj7 -PDB ID) cavity which confirm as a channel passageway to peptide transport through the cytoplasm to lumen of ER during antigen processing and presentation. Overall, this multistep screening and crosscheck structural binding analysis with an exploration of the complete proteome of CHIKV can be a novel step in the development of CHIKV epitope based vaccine as well as diagnostic development with aspect of time, cost and side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priti Sharma
- D. S. Degree College, Aligarh, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Univeristy, Agra, 282004 India
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh, 202145 India
| | - Sheeba Ahmad
- D. S. Degree College, Aligarh, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Univeristy, Agra, 282004 India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rama University, G.T. Road, Kanpur, 209217 India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
de Castro Moreira D, Junior FFD, Júnior JRP, Jorge FA, dos Santos Rando F, Thomazella MV, Presibella MM, Riediger IN, Fernandez MA, Bertolini DA. Genetic characterization of Chikungunya virus circulating in individuals from Paraná, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:641-645. [PMID: 35032014 PMCID: PMC9151936 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00680-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phylogenetic analysis carried out in several Brazilian regions shows the circulation of the Asian and East-Central South African (ECSA) Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) genotypes in the country. Until now, there are no genetic studies about CHIKV strains circulating in the South region. In this study, we sequenced 5 new partial sequences of the CHIKV Envelope 1 gene from strains detected in Paraná state during the years 2016-2017. Maximum likelihood and neighbor-joining trees grouped all sequences in Brazilian branches within ECSA genotype and comparative analysis did not show E1-A226V mutation. However, we identified E1-K211T amino acid substitution in a sample demonstrating the dispersion of mutant strains in the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah de Castro Moreira
- grid.271762.70000 0001 2116 9989Universidade Estadual de Maringá-UEM, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 5790, 87020-900 Brazil
| | | | - José Renato Pattaro Júnior
- grid.271762.70000 0001 2116 9989Universidade Estadual de Maringá-UEM, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 5790, 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Fernando Américo Jorge
- grid.271762.70000 0001 2116 9989Universidade Estadual de Maringá-UEM, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 5790, 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Fabiana dos Santos Rando
- grid.271762.70000 0001 2116 9989Universidade Estadual de Maringá-UEM, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 5790, 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Mateus Vaillant Thomazella
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Aparecida Fernandez
- grid.271762.70000 0001 2116 9989Universidade Estadual de Maringá-UEM, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 5790, 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Dennis Armando Bertolini
- grid.271762.70000 0001 2116 9989Universidade Estadual de Maringá-UEM, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 5790, 87020-900 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Muniz LS, da Rocha Pita SS. In silico studies revealed interaction mechanisms of benzylidene–acrylohydrazide derivatives and nsP2 CHIKV. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05593c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Here we studied benzylidene–acrylohydrazide derivatives via ADMET properties and docking analysis in the hope that they will be useful chemical moieties against the Chikungunya virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Silva Muniz
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Modeling (LaBiMM), Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Samuel Silva da Rocha Pita
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Modeling (LaBiMM), Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ortiz DI, Piche-Ovares M, Romero-Vega LM, Wagman J, Troyo A. The Impact of Deforestation, Urbanization, and Changing Land Use Patterns on the Ecology of Mosquito and Tick-Borne Diseases in Central America. INSECTS 2021; 13:20. [PMID: 35055864 PMCID: PMC8781098 DOI: 10.3390/insects13010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Central America is a unique geographical region that connects North and South America, enclosed by the Caribbean Sea to the East, and the Pacific Ocean to the West. This region, encompassing Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Panama, and Nicaragua, is highly vulnerable to the emergence or resurgence of mosquito-borne and tick-borne diseases due to a combination of key ecological and socioeconomic determinants acting together, often in a synergistic fashion. Of particular interest are the effects of land use changes, such as deforestation-driven urbanization and forest degradation, on the incidence and prevalence of these diseases, which are not well understood. In recent years, parts of Central America have experienced social and economic improvements; however, the region still faces major challenges in developing effective strategies and significant investments in public health infrastructure to prevent and control these diseases. In this article, we review the current knowledge and potential impacts of deforestation, urbanization, and other land use changes on mosquito-borne and tick-borne disease transmission in Central America and how these anthropogenic drivers could affect the risk for disease emergence and resurgence in the region. These issues are addressed in the context of other interconnected environmental and social challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana I. Ortiz
- Biology Program, Westminster College, New Wilmington, PA 16172, USA
| | - Marta Piche-Ovares
- Laboratorio de Virología, Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica;
- Departamento de Virología, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa Rica
| | - Luis M. Romero-Vega
- Departamento de Patología, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa Rica;
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Vectores (LIVe), Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica;
| | - Joseph Wagman
- Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases Program, Center for Malaria Control and Elimination, PATH, Washington, DC 20001, USA;
| | - Adriana Troyo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Vectores (LIVe), Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica;
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Amaro IA, Ahmed-Braimah YH, League GP, Pitcher SA, Avila FW, Cruz PC, Harrington LC, Wolfner MF. Seminal fluid proteins induce transcriptome changes in the Aedes aegypti female lower reproductive tract. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:896. [PMID: 34906087 PMCID: PMC8672594 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mating induces behavioral and physiological changes in the arbovirus vector Aedes aegypti, including stimulation of egg development and oviposition, increased survival, and reluctance to re-mate with subsequent males. Transferred seminal fluid proteins and peptides derived from the male accessory glands induce these changes, though the mechanism by which they do this is not known. RESULTS To determine transcriptome changes induced by seminal proteins, we injected extract from male accessory glands and seminal vesicles (MAG extract) into females and examined female lower reproductive tract (LRT) transcriptomes 24 h later, relative to non-injected controls. MAG extract induced 87 transcript-level changes, 31 of which were also seen in a previous study of the LRT 24 h after a natural mating, including 15 genes with transcript-level changes similarly observed in the spermathecae of mated females. The differentially-regulated genes are involved in diverse molecular processes, including immunity, proteolysis, neuronal function, transcription control, or contain predicted small-molecule binding and transport domains. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that seminal fluid proteins, specifically, can induce gene expression responses after mating and identify gene targets to further investigate for roles in post-mating responses and potential use in vector control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Alexandra Amaro
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | | | - Garrett P League
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Sylvie A Pitcher
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Frank W Avila
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 050010, Colombia
| | - Priscilla C Cruz
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | | | - Mariana F Wolfner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Traverse EM, Hopkins HK, Vaidhyanathan V, Barr KL. Cardiomyopathy and Death Following Chikungunya Infection: An Increasingly Common Outcome. Trop Med Infect Dis 2021; 6:108. [PMID: 34206332 PMCID: PMC8293388 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed6030108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is vectored by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes and is found throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions. While most infections cause mild symptoms such as fever and arthralgia, there have been cases in which cardiac involvement has been reported. In adults, case reports include symptoms ranging from tachycardia and arrythmia, to myocarditis and cardiac arrest. In children, case reports describe symptoms such as arrythmia, myocarditis, and heart failure. Case reports of perinatal and neonatal CHIKV infections have also described cardiovascular compromise, including myocardial hypertrophy, ventricular dysfunction, myocarditis, and death. Myocarditis refers to inflammation of the heart tissue, which can be caused by viral infection, thus becoming viral myocarditis. Since viral myocarditis is linked as a causative factor of other cardiomyopathies, including dilated cardiomyopathy, in which the heart muscle weakens and fails to pump blood properly, the connection between CHIKV and the heart is concerning. We searched Pubmed, Embase, LILACS, and Google Scholar to identify case reports of CHIKV infections where cardiac symptoms were reported. We utilized NCBI Virus and NCBI Nucleotide to explore the lineage/evolution of strains associated with these outbreaks. Statistical analysis was performed to identify which clinical features were associated with death. Phylogenetic analysis determined that CHIKV infections with cardiac symptoms are associated with the Asian, the East Central South African, and the Indian Ocean lineages. Of patients admitted to hospital, death rates ranged from 26-48%. Myocarditis, hypertension, pre-existing conditions, and the development of heart failure were significantly correlated with death. As such, clinicians should be aware in their treatment and follow-up of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Traverse
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (E.M.T.); (H.K.H.)
| | - Hannah K. Hopkins
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (E.M.T.); (H.K.H.)
| | | | - Kelli L. Barr
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (E.M.T.); (H.K.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sharif N, Sarkar MK, Ferdous RN, Ahmed SN, Billah MB, Talukder AA, Zhang M, Dey SK. Molecular Epidemiology, Evolution and Reemergence of Chikungunya Virus in South Asia. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:689979. [PMID: 34163459 PMCID: PMC8215147 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.689979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a vector (mosquito)-transmitted alphavirus (family Togaviridae). CHIKV can cause fever and febrile illness associated with severe arthralgia and rash. Genotypic and phylogenetic analysis are important to understand the spread of CHIKV during epidemics and the diversity of circulating strains for the prediction of effective control measures. Molecular epidemiologic analysis of CHIKV is necessary to understand the complex interaction of vectors, hosts and environment that influences the genotypic evolution of epidemic strains. In this study, different works published during 1950s to 2020 concerning CHIKV evolution, epidemiology, vectors, phylogeny, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Outbreaks of CHIKV have been reported from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Maldives in South Asia during 2007–2020. Three lineages- Asian, East/Central/South African (ECSA), and Indian Ocean Lineage (IOL) are circulating in South Asia. Lineage, ECSA and IOL became predominant over Asian lineage in South Asian countries during 2011–2020 epidemics. Further, the mutant E1-A226V is circulating in abundance with Aedes albopictus in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan. CHIKV is underestimated as clinical symptoms of CHIKV infection merges with the symptoms of dengue fever in South Asia. Failure to inhibit vector mediated transmission and predict epidemics of CHIKV increase the risk of larger global epidemics in future. To understand geographical spread of CHIKV, most of the studies focused on CHIKV outbreak, biology, pathogenesis, infection, transmission, and treatment. This updated study will reveal the collective epidemiology, evolution and phylogenies of CHIKV, supporting the necessity to investigate the circulating strains and vectors in South Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Sharif
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | | | - Rabeya Nahar Ferdous
- Department of Microbiology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Baki Billah
- Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Ali Azam Talukder
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Shuvra Kanti Dey
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Keeler SP, Fox JM. Requirement of Fc-Fc Gamma Receptor Interaction for Antibody-Based Protection against Emerging Virus Infections. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061037. [PMID: 34072720 PMCID: PMC8226613 DOI: 10.3390/v13061037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of therapeutics against emerging and re-emerging viruses remains a continued priority that is only reinforced by the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Advances in monoclonal antibody (mAb) isolation, characterization, and production make it a viable option for rapid treatment development. While mAbs are traditionally screened and selected based on potency of neutralization in vitro, it is clear that additional factors contribute to the in vivo efficacy of a mAb beyond viral neutralization. These factors include interactions with Fc receptors (FcRs) and complement that can enhance neutralization, clearance of infected cells, opsonization of virions, and modulation of the innate and adaptive immune response. In this review, we discuss recent studies, primarily using mouse models, that identified a role for Fc-FcγR interactions for optimal antibody-based protection against emerging and re-emerging virus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamus P. Keeler
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Julie M. Fox
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The COVID-19 pandemic has cast increased attention on emerging infections. Clinicians and public health experts should be aware of emerging infectious causes of encephalitis, mechanisms by which they are transmitted, and clinical manifestations of disease. RECENT FINDINGS A number of arthropod-borne viral infections -- transmitted chiefly by mosquitoes and ticks -- have emerged in recent years to cause outbreaks of encephalitis. Examples include Powassan virus in North America, Chikungunya virus in Central and South America, and tick-borne encephalitis virus in Europe. Many of these viruses exhibit complex life cycles and can infect multiple host animals in addition to humans. Factors thought to influence emergence of these diseases, including changes in climate and land use, are also believed to underlie the emergence of the rickettsial bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi, now recognized as a major causative agent of acute encephalitis syndrome in South Asia. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the role of bats as carriers of viruses. Recent studies have begun to uncover mechanisms by which the immune systems of bats are poised to allow for viral tolerance. Several bat-borne infections, including Nipah virus and Ebola virus, have resulted in recent outbreaks of encephalitis. SUMMARY Infectious causes of encephalitis continue to emerge worldwide, in part because of climate change and human impacts on the environment. Expansion of surveillance measures will be critical in rapid diagnosis and limiting of outbreaks in the future.
Collapse
|
40
|
de Mendonça SF, Rocha MN, Ferreira FV, Leite THJF, Amadou SCG, Sucupira PHF, Marques JT, Ferreira AGA, Moreira LA. Evaluation of Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoes Competence to Oropouche virus Infection. Viruses 2021; 13:v13050755. [PMID: 33923055 PMCID: PMC8145018 DOI: 10.3390/v13050755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of new human viral pathogens and re-emergence of several diseases are of particular concern in the last decades. Oropouche orthobunyavirus (OROV) is an arbovirus endemic to South and Central America tropical regions, responsible to several epidemic events in the last decades. There is little information regarding the ability of OROV to be transmitted by urban/peri-urban mosquitoes, which has limited the predictability of the emergence of permanent urban transmission cycles. Here, we evaluated the ability of OROV to infect, replicate, and be transmitted by three anthropophilic and urban species of mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus. We show that OROV is able to infect and efficiently replicate when systemically injected in all three species tested, but not when orally ingested. Moreover, we find that, once OROV replication has occurred in the mosquito body, all three species were able to transmit the virus to immunocompromised mice during blood feeding. These data provide evidence that OROV is restricted by the midgut barrier of three major urban mosquito species, but, if this restriction is overcome, could be efficiently transmitted to vertebrate hosts. This poses a great risk for the emergence of permanent urban cycles and geographic expansion of OROV to other continents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvana F. de Mendonça
- Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou—Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil; (S.F.d.M.); (M.N.R.); (P.H.F.S.); (A.G.A.F.)
| | - Marcele N. Rocha
- Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou—Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil; (S.F.d.M.); (M.N.R.); (P.H.F.S.); (A.G.A.F.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627-Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (F.V.F.); (T.H.J.F.L.); (S.C.G.A.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Flávia V. Ferreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627-Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (F.V.F.); (T.H.J.F.L.); (S.C.G.A.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Thiago H. J. F Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627-Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (F.V.F.); (T.H.J.F.L.); (S.C.G.A.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Siad C. G. Amadou
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627-Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (F.V.F.); (T.H.J.F.L.); (S.C.G.A.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Pedro H. F. Sucupira
- Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou—Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil; (S.F.d.M.); (M.N.R.); (P.H.F.S.); (A.G.A.F.)
| | - João T. Marques
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627-Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (F.V.F.); (T.H.J.F.L.); (S.C.G.A.); (J.T.M.)
- Faculté des Sciences de laVie, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UPR9022, Inserm U1257, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alvaro G. A. Ferreira
- Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou—Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil; (S.F.d.M.); (M.N.R.); (P.H.F.S.); (A.G.A.F.)
| | - Luciano A. Moreira
- Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou—Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil; (S.F.d.M.); (M.N.R.); (P.H.F.S.); (A.G.A.F.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
de Oliveira EC, Fonseca V, Xavier J, Adelino T, Morales Claro I, Fabri A, Marques Macario E, Viniski AE, Campos Souza CL, Gomes da Costa ES, Soares de Sousa C, Guimarães Dias Duarte F, Correia de Medeiros A, Campelo de Albuquerque CF, Venancio Cunha R, Oliveira De Moura NF, Bispo de Filippis AM, de Oliveira T, Lourenço J, de Abreu AL, Alcantara LCJ, Giovanetti M. Short report: Introduction of chikungunya virus ECSA genotype into the Brazilian Midwest and its dispersion through the Americas. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009290. [PMID: 33861753 PMCID: PMC8051810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Since introduction into Brazil in 2014, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has presented sustained transmission, although much is unknown about its circulation in the midwestern states. Here, we analyze 24 novel partial and near complete CHIKV genomes from Cuiaba, an urban metropolis located in the Brazilian midwestern state of Mato Grosso (MT). Nanopore technology was used for sequencing CHIKV complete genomes. Phylogenetic and epidemiological approaches were used to explore the recent spatio-temporal evolution and spread of the CHIKV-ECSA genotype in Midwest Brazil as well as in the Americas. Epidemiological data revealed a reduction in the number of reported cases over 2018-2020, likely as a consequence of a gradual accumulation of herd-immunity. Phylogeographic reconstructions revealed that at least two independent introductions of the ECSA lineage occurred in MT from a dispersion event originating in the northeastern region and suggest that the midwestern Brazilian region appears to have acted as a source of virus transmission towards Paraguay, a bordering South American country. Our results show a complex dynamic of transmission between epidemic seasons and suggest a possible role of Brazil as a source for international dispersion of the CHIKV-ECSA genotype to other countries in the Americas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vagner Fonseca
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZuluNatal, Durban 4001, South Africa
- Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública/Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Joilson Xavier
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Talita Adelino
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ingra Morales Claro
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical e Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Allison Fabri
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Elisa Viniski
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Noely Fabiana Oliveira De Moura
- Coordenacao Geral das Arboviroses, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | | | - Tulio de Oliveira
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZuluNatal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - José Lourenço
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, United Kingdom
| | - André Luiz de Abreu
- Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública/Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta Giovanetti
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chikungunya Manifestations and Viremia in Patients WhoPresented to the Fever Clinic at Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases during the 2019 Outbreak in Thailand. Trop Med Infect Dis 2021; 6:tropicalmed6010012. [PMID: 33494514 PMCID: PMC7924391 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed6010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus is an Alphavirus belonging to the family Togaviridae that is transmitted to humans by an infected Aedes mosquito. Patients develop fever, inflammatory arthritis, and rash during the acute stage of infection. Although the illness is self-limiting, atypical and severe cases are not uncommon, and 60% may develop chronic symptoms that persist for months or even for longer durations. Having a distinct periodical epidemiologic outbreak pattern, chikungunya virus reappeared in Thailand in December 2018. Here, we describe a cohort of acute chikungunya patients who had presented to the Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases during October 2019. Infection was detected by a novel antigen kit and subsequently confirmed by real-time RT-PCR using serum collected at presentation to the Fever Clinic. Other possible acute febrile illnesses such as influenza, dengue, and malaria were excluded. We explored the sequence of clinical manifestations at presentation during the acute phase and associated the viral load with the clinical findings. Most of the patients were healthy individuals in their forties. Fever and arthralgia were the predominant clinical manifestations found in this patient cohort, with a small proportion of patients with systemic symptoms. Higher viral loads were associated with arthralgia, and arthralgia with the involvement of the large joints was more common in female patients.
Collapse
|
43
|
Co-Circulation of Two Independent Clades and Persistence of CHIKV-ECSA Genotype during Epidemic Waves in Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9120984. [PMID: 33255865 PMCID: PMC7759993 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9120984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chikungunya virus infection in Brazil has raised several concerns due to the rapid dissemination of the virus and its association with several clinical complications. Nevertheless, there is limited information about the genomic epidemiology of CHIKV circulating in Brazil from surveillance studies. Thus, to better understand its dispersion dynamics in Rio de Janeiro (RJ), one of the most affected states during the 2016–2019 epidemic waves, we generated 23 near-complete genomes of CHIKV isolates from two main cities located in the metropolitan mesoregion, obtained directly from clinical samples. Our phylogenetic reconstructions suggest the 2019-CHIKV-ECSA epidemic in RJ state was characterized by the co-circulation of multiple clade (clade A and B), highlighting that two independent introduction events of CHIKV-ECSA into RJ state have occurred between 2016–2019, both mediated from the northeastern region. Interestingly, we identified that the two-clade displaying eighteen characteristic amino acids changes among structural and non-structural proteins. Our findings reinforce that genomic data can provide information about virus genetic diversity and transmission dynamics, which might assist in the arbovirus epidemics establishing of an effective surveillance framework.
Collapse
|
44
|
Barros AM, Martins-de-Barros AV, Costa MJ, Sette-de-Souza PH, Lucena EE, Araújo FA. Prevalence of ulcerative stomatitis in arbovirus infections in a Brazilian Northeast population. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e810-e817. [PMID: 33037807 PMCID: PMC7648917 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there are no population-based studies that support an association, there are reports in the literature of mucocutaneous, vesiculobullous and ulcerated lesions in the oral mucosa in cases of arbovirus infection. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of ulcerative stomatitis in individuals affected by arboviruses in a population of the municipality of Arcoverde, Pernambuco, Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS 1,003 people living in an area assigned to a Primary Health Care Unit were interviewed. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection, with questions about sociodemographic variables, residence conditions, general health information, as well as information about the general signs and symptoms of arboviruses and specifically about oral lesions. RESULTS Of the 1,003 individuals interviewed, 815 (81.25%) were infected by one or more arboviruses. Of these, 147 (18%) reported ulcerated oral lesions during arbovirus infections. The association between arbovirus infections and the presence of ulcerated oral lesions was statistically significant (p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS In these cases, the ulcerated lesions on the oral mucosa appear to be associated with arbovirus infection, especially Chikungunya, although the pathophysiological mechanisms are not defined, and the studies are not sufficient to confirm this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A-M Barros
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz University of Pernambuco, Campus Santo Amaro Rua Arnóbio Marquês, 310, Santo Amaro, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|