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Bai Y, Grignon M. Why do drinkers earn more? Job characteristics as a possible link. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2024; 33:1133-1152. [PMID: 38316734 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
After some initial controversy, an inverted U-shape relationship between the consumption of alcohol and earnings seems to be an established result, at least in North America. It has been dubbed a "drinking premium", at least in the lower portion of the consumption curve. It is still unclear, perhaps even counter-intuitive, why such a drinking premium exists and the literature suggests it is not causal but results rather from selection effects. We suggest here that part of the premium is linked to occupation: some occupations pay better, controlling for the usual human capital determinants, and also attract drinkers or induce workers to drink more. Using a sample of full-time employed or self-employed individuals aged 25-64 and not in poor health from the 2015-16 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), we confirm the existence of a drinking premium and a positive return to the quantity or frequency of drinking up to high levels of consumption. Using information on jobs held by respondents, linked to a data set of job characteristics, we find that controlling for job characteristics reduces the premium or return to drinking by approximately 30% overall, and up to 50% for female workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Bai
- Department of Economics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michel Grignon
- Department of Economics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Yang C, Mao Z, Wu S, Yin S, Sun Y, Cui D. Influencing factors, gender differences and the decomposition of inequalities in cognitive function in Chinese older adults: a population-based cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:371. [PMID: 38664618 PMCID: PMC11045435 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04857-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence remains limited and inconsistent for assessing cognitive function in Chinese older adults (CFCOA) and inequalities in cognitive function in Chinese older adults (ICFCOA) and exploring their influencing factors and gender differences. This study aimed to identify influencing factors and inequality in CFCOA to empirically explore the existence and sources of gender differences in such inequality and analyse their heterogeneous effects. METHODS Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) for three periods from 2011 to 2015, recentered influence function unconditional quantile regression (RIF-UQR) and recentered influence function ordinary least squares (RIF-OLS) regression were applied to assess influencing factors of CFCOA, while grouped treatment effect estimation, Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, and propensity score matching (PSM) methods were conducted to identify gender differences in ICFCOA and influencing factors, respectively. RESULTS The results showed heterogeneous effects of gender, age, low BMI, subjective health, smoking, education, social interactions, physical activity, and household registration on CFCOA. Additionally, on average, ICFCOA was about 19.2-36.0% higher among elderly females than among elderly males, mainly due to differences in characteristic effects and coefficient effects of factors such as marital status and education. CONCLUSIONS Different factors have heterogeneous and gender-differenced effects on CFCOA and ICFCOA, while the formation and exacerbation of ICFCOA were allied to marital status and education. Considering the severe ageing and the increasing incidence of cognitive decline, there is an urgent need for the government and society to adopt a comprehensive approach to practically work for promoting CFCOA and reducing ICFCOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciran Yang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongfu Mao
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaotang Wu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shicheng Yin
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Dong Fureng Institute of Economic and Social Development, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Cui
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China.
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Xiao X, Beach J, Senthilselvan A. Prevalence and determinants of multimorbidity in the Canadian population. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297221. [PMID: 38289936 PMCID: PMC10826951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Multimorbidity, which is defined as having at least two or more chronic diseases concurrently, has been a rising public health issue in recent years in Canada and worldwide. The increasing prevalence of multimorbidity has posed a burden on the current health care system and quality of life for the Canadian population. There is a lack of up-to-date research on determinants of multimorbidity in the Canadian population, which is necessary to better understand and prevent multimorbidity. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of multimorbidity in the middle-aged and older Canadian adult population. Multivariable logistic regression analyses incorporating survey weights and biologically plausible interactions were conducted to examine the determinants of multimorbidity using data from the 2017/2018 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). Of the 113,290 CCHS participants, 82,508 subjects who were aged 35 years and above were included in the study. The prevalence of multimorbidity was 22.20% (95% CI: 21.74%, 22.67%) and was greater for females. Multimorbidity was more likely in subjects who were obese, abstaining from alcohol, inactive, had a lower education level, widowed, divorced, or separated and was less likely among subjects living in Quebec. The protective effect of household income on multimorbidity decreased with age. Current smokers who reported extreme stress were more likely to have multimorbidity. Multimorbidity is associated with various determinants that need to be considered in chronic disease control and prevention. These results suggest that future research should focus not only on these determinants but also on the relationships between them. A future longitudinal study is required to provide causal evidence for the study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiao
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeremy Beach
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Miller SE, Mogle JA, Linden-Carmichael AN, Almeida DM. Within-person associations between alcohol use and memory lapses among middle-aged and older adults. Drug Alcohol Rev 2023; 42:1754-1763. [PMID: 37469227 PMCID: PMC10796843 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol use has been linked to impairment in both short- and long-term measures of objective memory. However, limited research has investigated the association between alcohol use and subjective memory in everyday life. The study purpose was to investigate within- and between-person associations between daily alcohol use and prospective (i.e., forgetting an intended task) and retrospective (i.e., forgetting something learned in the past) memory lapses among middle-aged and older adults. METHODS Participants (n = 925; Mage = 55.2) were non-abstaining adults from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study or the MIDUS Refresher who participated in an 8-day telephone diary asking about their daily experiences. RESULTS Multilevel models revealed that within-individuals, heavier-than-usual alcohol use (i.e., having more drinks than one's daily average number of drinks) was associated with greater odds of reporting any memory lapses (odds ratio [OR] 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01, 1.12), while associations at the between-person level were nonsignificant (OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.99, 1.16). When assessing retrospective and prospective lapses separately, alcohol use was only associated with prospective lapses and only at the between-person level (OR 1.10; 95% CI 1.01, 1.19). Finally, alcohol use was unassociated with reported irritation or interference from memory lapses (p > 0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Heavier-than-usual alcohol use may have acute effects on daily memory functioning. Future studies should assess how alcohol use relates to an individual's ability to meet daily cognitive demands, as these findings may have critical implications for harm reduction efforts targeting daily functioning among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Miller
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jacqueline A Mogle
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ashley N Linden-Carmichael
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David M Almeida
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Yoshida T, Mori T, Shimizu H, Tachibana A, Yoshino Y, Ochi S, Yamazaki K, Ozaki Y, Kawabe K, Horiuchi F, Komori K, Iga JI, Ueno SI. Analysis of factors related to cognitive impairment in a community-based, complete enumeration survey in Japan: the Nakayama study. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:876-884. [PMID: 37483119 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of patients with cognitive disorders is rapidly increasing in the world, becoming not only a medical problem, but also a social problem. There have been many reports that various factors are associated with cognitive dysfunction, but the factors have not yet been fully identified. This was a community-based complete enumeration study which aimed to identify risk and protective factors for dementia. METHODS The first phase included all residents aged 65 years or older in a town in Japan. They completed many examinations, such as living conditions questionnaires, physical examination, Mini-Mental State Examination, and brain magnetic resonance imaging. The participants with suspected cognitive impairment underwent additional examinations for detailed evaluation in the second phase. Statistical analysis was performed to identify risk and protective factors for dementia after all participants were diagnosed. RESULTS There were 927 participants in the baseline evaluation; 611 (65.9%) were healthy, 165 (17.8%) had mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 151 (16.3%) had dementia. The age-standardised prevalence of dementia was 9.5%. Statistical analyses for amnestic MCI and Alzheimer's disease showed that risk factors for cognitive decline were diabetes mellitus, low activities of daily living, and living alone, and that protective factors were history of exercise and drinking habit. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that several lifestyle-related diseases and factors are associated with cognitive decline. These results support similar findings from previous studies and will be helpful for preventing dementia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Yoshida
- Department of Psychiatry, Zaidan Niihama Hospital, Niihama, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Takaaki Mori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Heisei Hospital, Ozu, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimizu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Heisei Hospital, Ozu, Japan
| | - Ayumi Tachibana
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Matsukaze Hospital, Shikokuchuou, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ochi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Kiyohiro Yamazaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Yuki Ozaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kawabe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Fumie Horiuchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Komori
- Department of Psychiatry, Zaidan Niihama Hospital, Niihama, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Office of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Juzen-Yurinoki Hospital, Niihama, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Iga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Shu-Ichi Ueno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
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Li G, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Wang W, Bi J, Tang X, Li CSR. Cognitive Challenges Are Better in Distinguishing Binge From Nonbinge Drinkers: An Exploratory Deep-Learning Study of fMRI Data of Multiple Behavioral Tasks and Resting State. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 57:856-868. [PMID: 35808911 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have identified imaging markers of binge drinking. Functional connectivity during both task challenges and resting state was shown to distinguish binge and nonbinge drinkers. However, no studies have compared the efficacy of task and resting data in the classification. HYPOTHESIS Task outperforms resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data in the differentiation of binge and nonbinge drinkers. We tested the hypothesis via multiple deep learning algorithms. STUDY TYPE Cross-sectional; retrospective. POPULATION A total of 149 binge (107 men) and 151 demographically matched, nonbinge (92 men) drinkers curated from the Human Connectome Project, with 80% randomly selected for model development and 20% for validation/test. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3 T; fMRI with a blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) gradient-echo echo-planar sequence. ASSESSMENT FMRI data of resting state and seven behavioral tasks were acquired. Graph convolutional network (GCN), long short-term memory, convolutional, and recurrent neural network models were built to distinguish bingers and nonbingers using connectivity matrices of 8, 116, and 268 regions of interest (ROI). Nodal metrics including betweenness centrality, degree centrality, clustering coefficient, efficiency, local efficiency, and shortest path length were calculated from the GCN model. STATISTICAL TESTS Model performance was quantified by the area under the curve (AUC) in receiver operating characteristic analysis. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Task outperformed resting data in classification by approximately 8% by AUC in the test set. Across models and ROI sets, the gambling, motor, language and working memory tasks, each with AUC of 0.614, 0.612, 0.605, and 0.603, performed better than resting data (AUC = 0.548). Models with 116 ROIs (AUC = 0.602) consistently outperformed those with 8 ROIs (AUC = 0.569). Task data performed best with GCN (AUC = 0.619). Nodal metrics of left supplementary motor area and right cuneus showed significant group main effect across tasks. CONCLUSION Neural responses to cognitive challenges relative to resting state better characterize binge drinking. The performance of different network models may depend on behavioral tasks and the number of ROIs. EVIDENCE LEVEL 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfei Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of technology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wuyi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jinbo Bi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xiaoying Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Kardashyan RA, Pronin VY, Medvedev VE. [Organic mental disorders with comorbid alcoholism in the elderly]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:27-33. [PMID: 38147379 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312312127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Elderly people are particularly vulnerable to comorbid disorders. The age-related weakness, cognitive decline, and criticism create favorable conditions for the formation of traumatic situations and is often accompanied by an increase in alcohol consumption, which in some cases leads to the formation of mental and physical dependence. Alcohol abuse leads to exacerbation of somatic disorders, the frequency of which increases with age. Alcoholism in the elderly leads to the accelerated development of organic mental disorders of varying severity. In turn, organic mental disorders lead to aggravation and complication of alcoholism. The formed comorbid disorder makes it difficult to diagnose and provide therapeutic and preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Kardashyan
- Russian University of Peoples' Friendship, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Yu Pronin
- Podolsk Narcological Dispensary of the Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Podolsk, Russia
| | - V E Medvedev
- Russian University of Peoples' Friendship, Moscow, Russia
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Crouch MC, Cheromiah Salazar MBR, Harris SJ, Rosich RM. Dementia, Substance Misuse, and Social Determinants of Health: American Indian and Alaska Native Peoples' Prevention, Service, and Care. CHRONIC STRESS (THOUSAND OAKS, CALIF.) 2023; 7:24705470221149479. [PMID: 36699807 PMCID: PMC9869198 DOI: 10.1177/24705470221149479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) peoples are disproportionately impacted by substance use disorders (SUDs) and health consequences in contrast to all racial/ethnic groups in the United States. This is alarming that AI/AN peoples experience significant health disparities and disease burden that are exacerbated by settler-colonial traumas expressed through prejudice, stigma, discrimination, and systemic and structural inequities. One such compounding disease for AI/AN peoples that is expected to increase but little is known is Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). AI/AN approaches for understanding and treating disease have long been rooted in culture, context, and worldview. Thus, culturally based prevention, service, and caregiving are critical to optimal outcomes, and investigating cultural beliefs regarding ADRD can provide insights into linkages of chronic stressors, disease, prevention and treatment, and the role of substance misuse. Method To understand the cultural practices and values that compose AI/AN Elder beliefs and perceptions of ADRD, a grounded theory, qualitative study was conducted. Twelve semistructured interviews with AI/AN Elders (M age = 73; female = 8, male = 4) assessed the etiology, course, treatment, caregiving, and the culturally derived meanings of ADRD, which provides a frame of understanding social determinants of health (SDH; eg, healthcare equity, community context) and impacts (eg, historical trauma, substance misuse) across the lifespan. Results Qualitative analyses specific to disease etiology, barriers to treatment, and SDH revealed 6 interrelated and nested subthemes elucidating both the resilience and the chronic stressors and barriers faced by AI/AN peoples that directly impact prevention, disease progression, and related services: (1) postcolonial distress; (2) substance misuse; (3) distrust of Western medicine; (4) structural inequities; (5) walking in two worlds; and (6) decolonizing and indigenizing medicine. Conclusion Barriers to optimal wellbeing and SDH for AI/AN peoples are understood through SUDs, ADRD, and compounding symptoms upheld by colonial traumas and postcolonial distress. En masse historical and contemporary discrimination and stress, particularly within Western medicine, both contextualizes the present and points to the ways in which the strengths, wisdom, and balance inherent in AI/AN culture are imperative to the holistic health and healing of AI/AN peoples, families, and communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Crouch
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Steven J Harris
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rosellen M Rosich
- Department of Psychology, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
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Listabarth S, Groemer M, Waldhoer T, Vyssoki B, Pruckner N, Vyssoki S, Glahn A, König-Castillo DM, König D. Cognitive decline and alcohol consumption in the aging population-A longitudinal analysis of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Eur Psychiatry 2022; 65:e83. [PMID: 36398412 PMCID: PMC9748981 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence of cognitive decline and dementia is rising globally, with more than 10 million new cases every year. These conditions cause a significant burden for individuals, their caregivers, and health care systems. As no causal treatment for dementia exists, prevention of cognitive decline is of utmost importance. Notably, alcohol is among the most significant modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline. METHODS Longitudinal data across 15 years on 6,967 individuals of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe were used to analyze the effect of alcohol consumption and further modifiable (i.e., smoking, depression, and educational obtainment) and non-modifiable risk factors (sex and age) on cognitive functioning (i.e., memory and verbal fluency). For this, a generalized estimating equation linear model was estimated for every cognitive test domain assessed. RESULTS Consistent results were revealed in all three regression models: A nonlinear association between alcohol consumption and cognitive decline was found-moderate alcohol intake was associated with overall better global cognitive function than low or elevated alcohol consumption or complete abstinence. Furthermore, female sex and higher educational obtainment were associated with better cognitive function, whereas higher age and depression were associated with a decline in cognitive functioning. No significant association was found for smoking. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that alcohol use is a relevant risk factor for cognitive decline in older adults. Furthermore, evidence-based therapeutic concepts to reduce alcohol consumption exist and should be of primary interest in prevention measures considering the aging European population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Listabarth
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Magdalena Groemer
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Waldhoer
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Vyssoki
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nathalie Pruckner
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Vyssoki
- Department of Health Sciences, St. Pölten University of Applied Sciences, Sankt Pölten, Austria
| | - Alexander Glahn
- Department for Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Daniel König
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Angerville B, Moinas M, Martinetti MP, Naassila M, Dervaux A. Changes in Alcohol Consumption among Users of an Internet Drug Forum during a COVID-19 Lockdown. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14585. [PMID: 36361469 PMCID: PMC9654161 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to assess the frequency and clinical correlates of users of an Internet drug forum who changed their alcohol use during the March-May 2020 COVID-19 lockdown in France. METHODS An anonymous Internet-based cross-sectional survey during the COVID-19 lockdown was used via messages on a French Internet drug forum. Participants reported any increase in their alcohol consumption during the lockdown. Alcohol craving and depressive/anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Obsessive and Compulsive Drinking scale (OCDS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS). RESULTS Of 1310 respondents, 974 (79% of 1270) participants reported alcohol use before lockdown. During the lockdown, 405 participants (41.6%; IC95 (38.5-44.7)) reported an increase. Odds of an increase in alcohol consumption was higher for those with HADS scores higher than 7 (aOR: 2.19; p = 0.00002), OCDS scores greater than 7 (aOR: 3.50; p < 0.001), and daily psychostimulant use (aOR: 1.85; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Users of an Internet drug forum who reported high levels of depressive symptoms, high levels of alcohol craving, and the use of psychostimulants were more likely to increase alcohol consumption during a COVID-19 lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Angerville
- Établissement Public de Santé Mentale Barthélémy Durand, 91150 Etampes, France
- Groupe de Recherche sur l’Alcool & les Pharmacodépendances (GRAP) INSERM U1247, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Marc Moinas
- Service de Soins de Suite et de Réadaptation en Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Montdidier Roye, 80700 Roye, France
| | | | - Mickael Naassila
- Groupe de Recherche sur l’Alcool & les Pharmacodépendances (GRAP) INSERM U1247, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Alain Dervaux
- Établissement Public de Santé Mentale Barthélémy Durand, 91150 Etampes, France
- Groupe de Recherche sur l’Alcool & les Pharmacodépendances (GRAP) INSERM U1247, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80054 Amiens, France
- UFR de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Laboratoire de Recherche PSYCOMADD, Centre Hospitalier Paul Brousse, 94800 Villejuif, France
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Kamsvaag B, Bergh S, Šaltytė Benth J, Selbaek G, Tevik K, Helvik AS. Alcohol consumption among older adults with symptoms of cognitive decline consulting specialist health care. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:1756-1764. [PMID: 34323134 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1950618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore alcohol consumption among older Norwegian adults with symptoms of cognitive decline, assess the agreement between the reports of older adults and their next of kin regarding a person's alcohol consumption, and explore clinical and sociodemographic variables associated with agreement. METHOD Alcohol consumption was measured among 3608 older adults consulting specialist health care for symptoms of cognitive decline. Agreement between the participant and their next of kin regarding the participant's alcohol consumption was assessed with a weighted kappa (κ). A logistic regression analysis for hierarchical data was used to explore variables associated with agreement. RESULTS Both the participants and their next of kin reported that more than 20% of the participants consumed alcohol 1-3 times a week, and that approximately 10% consumed alcohol four or more times a week. The agreement between the participant's and their next of kin's report regarding the participant's alcohol consumption was high (κ = .852), and variables associated with agreement were no cognitive decline, not drinking alcohol during the last year or ever as reported by the participant, and low agitation scores on a psychiatric assessment. CONCLUSION This paper found alcohol consumption among older adults with symptoms of cognitive decline that was above the national average in Norway. This is also the first paper to demonstrate that a next of kin can be a reliable source of information regarding older adults' alcohol consumption. Health personnel should consider these findings when performing medical assessments or developing interventions for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Kamsvaag
- Research Centre for Age-Related Functional Decline and Disease, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway.,General Practice Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sverre Bergh
- Research Centre for Age-Related Functional Decline and Disease, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway.,Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Jūratė Šaltytė Benth
- Research Centre for Age-Related Functional Decline and Disease, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Geir Selbaek
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjerstin Tevik
- General Practice Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anne-Sofie Helvik
- General Practice Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
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12
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Neurocognitive and substance use disorders in older adults: challenges and evidence. ADVANCES IN DUAL DIAGNOSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/add-01-2022-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to review the presentation of substance use disorders in older adults, how addiction intertwines with neurocognitive disorders and how to approach this vulnerable population.
Design/methodology/approach
Electronic data searches of PubMed, Medline and the Cochrane Library (years 2000–2021) were performed using the keywords “neurocognitive,” “dementia,” “substance use,” “addiction,” “older adults” and “elderly.” The authors, in consensus, selected pivotal studies and conducted a narrative synthesis of the findings.
Findings
Research about substance use disorders in older adults is limited, especially in those with superimposed neurocognitive disorders. Having dual diagnoses can make the identification and treatment of either condition challenging. Management should use a holistic multidisciplinary approach that involves medical professionals and caregivers.
Originality/value
This review highlights some of the intertwining aspects between substance use disorders and neurocognitive disorders in older adults. It provides a comprehensive summary of the available evidence on treatment in this population.
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13
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Charlton AJ, Perry CJ. The Effect of Chronic Alcohol on Cognitive Decline: Do Variations in Methodology Impact Study Outcome? An Overview of Research From the Past 5 Years. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:836827. [PMID: 35360176 PMCID: PMC8960615 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.836827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol use is often associated with accelerated cognitive decline, and extensive research using animal models of human alcohol consumption has been conducted into potential mechanisms for this relationship. Within this literature there is considerable variability in the types of models used. For example, alcohol administration style (voluntary/forced), length and schedule of exposure and abstinence period are often substantially different between studies. In this review, we evaluate recent research into alcohol-induced cognitive decline according to methodology of alcohol access, as well as cognitive behavioral task employed. Our aim was to query whether the nature and severity of deficits observed may be impacted by the schedule and type of alcohol administration. We furthermore examined whether there is any apparent relationship between the amount of alcohol consumed and the severity of the deficit, as well as the potential impact of abstinence length, and other factors such as age of administration, and sex of subject. Over the past five years, researchers have overwhelmingly used non-voluntary methods of intake, however deficits are still found where intake is voluntary. Magnitude of intake and type of task seem most closely related to the likelihood of producing a deficit, however even this did not follow a consistent pattern. We highlight the importance of using systematic and clear reporting styles to facilitate consistency across the literature in this regard. We hope that this analysis will provide important insights into how experimental protocols might influence findings, and how different patterns of consumption are more or less likely to produce an addiction-vulnerable cognitive phenotype in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annai J. Charlton
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christina J. Perry
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Christina J. Perry,
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14
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Association of Alcohol Types, Coffee, and Tea Intake with Risk of Dementia: Prospective Cohort Study of UK Biobank Participants. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030360. [PMID: 35326316 PMCID: PMC8946788 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of dementia is increasing globally and is linked to obesity and unfavorable dietary habits. The present study analyses the association of alcohol intake from wine and non-wine alcoholic beverages (non-wine) in g/d, as well as coffee and tea in cups/d, with incident dementia. Over 4.2 million person-years, 4270 dementia cases occurred in 351,436 UK Biobank participants. Hazard ratios (HRs) for incident dementia were defined with Cox proportional hazard regression models in which beverage intake was fitted as penalized cubic splines. Wine intake showed a significant U-shaped association with the lowest risk for incident dementia (nadir) ranging from 21 to 23 g alcohol/d in all participants and in males. In contrast, non-wine consumption was significantly and dose-dependently associated with incident dementia, and the nadir was found at 0 g alcohol/d. Coffee consumption was not related to dementia risk, while moderate-to-high tea intake was negatively associated with incident dementia. Taken together, the current study shows on a population level that moderate consumption of wine and moderate-to-high tea intake is associated with a decreased risk of incident dementia. In contrast, non-wine is positively related to dementia risk in a linear fashion, and no clear association is found for coffee.
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15
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Hoy N, Newton N, Kochan NA, Sunderland M, Baillie A, Chapman C, Winter V, Sachdev P, Teesson M, Mewton L. Rethink My Drink: study protocol for a 12-month randomised controlled trial comparing a brief internet-delivered intervention to an online patient information booklet in reducing risky alcohol consumption among older adults in Australia. Addiction 2022; 117:815-825. [PMID: 34426994 DOI: 10.1111/add.15672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alcohol consumption is increasing among older adults. Rethink My Drink is a brief internet-delivered intervention to reduce alcohol consumption and related harms, adapted specifically for older adults. This protocol for a large-scale randomised controlled trial will evaluate whether Rethink My Drink is effective in reducing alcohol consumption and cognitive decline in a sample of older risky drinkers, compared with an active control. DESIGN 1:1 parallel group, randomised controlled trial. SETTING Online trial in Australia. PARTICIPANTS Hazardous or harmful drinkers (defined as those scoring ≥5 on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT]) age 60 to 75 years old (n = 842). Participants will be recruited from August 2021 to August 2022 through online social media advertisements and community networks. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR Participants will be randomly allocated to receive access to Rethink My Drink (intervention) or Alcohol: The Facts (comparator), an online patient information booklet provided by New South Wales (NSW) Health. MEASUREMENTS Primary outcomes include (i) average weekly standard drinks and (ii) rate of cognitive decline. Secondary outcomes include (i) typical quantity of drinks per drinking day; (ii) heavy episodic drinking; (iii) age-specific risky drinking; (iv) alcohol-related harms; (v) subjective cognitive complaints; and (vi) quality of life. All primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks) and 12 months. Effectiveness will be evaluated using multilevel linear regression, adjusting for baseline demographic differences. Bonferroni adjustments will be used to control for multiple comparisons. Multiple imputation, regression weighting and sensitivity analyses will assess the effect of attrition. COMMENTS This will be the first large-scale trial, internationally, to examine whether a brief internet-delivered intervention is effective in reducing alcohol consumption and cognitive decline among older adults. If successful, the intervention will provide an accessible and highly scalable treatment to reduce risky alcohol consumption in older adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Hoy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicola Newton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicole A Kochan
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Baillie
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cath Chapman
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Virginia Winter
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Perminder Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maree Teesson
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Louise Mewton
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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16
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Tevik K, Bergh S, Selbæk G, Johannessen A, Helvik AS. A systematic review of self-report measures used in epidemiological studies to assess alcohol consumption among older adults. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261292. [PMID: 34914759 PMCID: PMC8675766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a lack of standardization regarding how to assess and categorize alcohol intake in older adults. The aim of this study was to systematically review methods used in epidemiological studies to define drinking patterns and measure alcohol consumption among older adults. Methods A systematic search was conducted in the MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases for studies published from January 2009 to April 2021. Studies were included if they were observational studies with a quantitative design; the mean age of the participants was ≥ 65 years; questionnaires, screening tools, or diagnostic tools were used to define alcohol consumption; and alcohol consumption was self-reported. Results Of 492 studies considered, 105 were included. Among the 105 studies, we detected 19 different drinking patterns, and each drinking pattern had a wide range of definitions. The drinking patterns abstaining from alcohol, current drinking, and risk drinking had seven, 12 and 21 diverse definitions, respectively. The most used questionnaire and screening tools were the quantity-frequency questionnaire, with a recall period of 12 months, and the full and short versions of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, respectively. Conclusion No consensus was found regarding methods used to assess, define, and measure alcohol consumption in older adults. Identical assessments and definitions must be developed to make valid comparisons of alcohol consumption in older adults. We recommend that alcohol surveys for older adults define the following drinking patterns: lifetime abstainers, former drinkers, current drinkers, risk drinking, and heavy episodic drinking. Standardized and valid definitions of risk drinking, and heavy episodic drinking should be developed. The expanded quantity-frequency questionnaire including three questions focused on drinking frequency, drinking volume, and heavy episodic drinking, with a recall period of 12 months, could be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjerstin Tevik
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Sverre Bergh
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Research Centre for Age-related Functional Decline and Disease, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aud Johannessen
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Health, Social and Welfare Studies, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Vestfold, Norway
| | - Anne-S. Helvik
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
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17
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Lao Y, Hou L, Li J, Hui X, Yan P, Yang K. Association between alcohol intake, mild cognitive impairment and progression to dementia: a dose-response meta-analysis. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:1175-1185. [PMID: 32488474 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a cognitive state falling between normal aging and dementia. The relation between alcohol intake and risk of MCI as well as progression to dementia in people with MCI (PDM) remained unclear. OBJECTIVE To synthesize available evidence and clarify the relation between alcohol intake and risk of MCI as well as PDM. METHOD We searched electronic databases consisting of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and China Biology Medicine disc (CBM) from inception to October 1, 2019. Prospective studies reporting at least three levels of alcohol exposure were included. Categorical meta-analysis was used for quantitative synthesis of the relation between light, moderate and heavy alcohol intake with risk of MCI and PDM. Restricted cubic spline and fixed-effects dose-response models were used for dose-response analysis. RESULT Six cohort studies including 4244 individuals were finally included. We observed an unstable linear relation between alcohol intake (drinks/week) and risk of MCI (P linear = 0.0396). It suggested that a one-drink increment per week of alcohol intake was associated with an increased risk of 3.8% for MCI (RR, 1.038; 95% CI 1.002-1.075). Heavy alcohol intake (> 14 drinks/week) was associated with higher risk of PDM (RR = 1.76; 95% CI 1.10-2.82). And we found a nonlinear relation between alcohol intake and risk of PDM. Drinking more than 16 drinks/week (P nonlinear = 0.0038, HR = 1.42; 95% CI 1.00-2.02), or 27.5 g/day (P nonlinear = 0.0047, HR = 1.46; 95% CI 1.00-2.11) would elevate the risk of PDM. CONCLUSION There was a nonlinear dose-response relation between alcohol intake and risk of PDM. Excessive alcohol intake would elevate the risk of PDM.
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18
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Slayday RE, Gustavson DE, Elman JA, Beck A, McEvoy LK, Tu XM, Fang B, Hauger RL, Lyons MJ, McKenzie RE, Sanderson-Cimino ME, Xian H, Kremen WS, Franz CE. Interaction between Alcohol Consumption and Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) Genotype with Cognition in Middle-Aged Men. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2021; 27:56-68. [PMID: 32662384 PMCID: PMC7856052 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617720000570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Heavy alcohol consumption is associated with poorer cognitive function in older adults. Although understudied in middle-aged adults, the relationship between alcohol and cognition may also be influenced by genetics such as the apolipoprotein (ApoE) ε4 allele, a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. We examined the relationship between alcohol consumption, ApoE genotype, and cognition in middle-aged adults and hypothesized that light and/or moderate drinkers (≤2 drinks per day) would show better cognitive performance than heavy drinkers or non-drinkers. Additionally, we hypothesized that the association between alcohol use and cognitive function would differ by ApoE genotype (ε4+ vs. ε4-). METHOD Participants were 1266 men from the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging (VETSA; M age = 56; range 51-60) who completed a neuropsychological battery assessing seven cognitive abilities: general cognitive ability (GCA), episodic memory, processing speed, executive function, abstract reasoning, verbal fluency, and visuospatial ability. Alcohol consumption was categorized into five groups: never, former, light, moderate, and heavy. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, there was no significant main effect of alcohol consumption on cognitive functions. However, there was a significant interaction between alcohol consumption and ApoE ε4 status for GCA and episodic memory, such that the relationship of alcohol consumption and cognition was stronger in ε4 carriers. The ε4+ heavy drinking subgroup had the poorest GCA and episodic memory. CONCLUSIONS Presence of the ε4 allele may increase vulnerability to the deleterious effects of heavy alcohol consumption. Beneficial effects of light or moderate alcohol consumption were not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riki E. Slayday
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San
Diego, CA, USA
| | - Daniel E. Gustavson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Jeremy A. Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Asad Beck
- University of Washington, Graduate Program in Neuroscience,
Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Linda K. McEvoy
- Department of Radiology, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xin M. Tu
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Richard L. Hauger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San
Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michael J. Lyons
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston
University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruth E. McKenzie
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston
University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark E. Sanderson-Cimino
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San
Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Hong Xian
- Department of Biostatistics, St Louis University, St.
Louis, MO, USA
| | - William S. Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San
Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of
California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Carol E. Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of
California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
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19
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Matloff WJ, Zhao L, Ning K, Conti DV, Toga AW. Interaction effect of alcohol consumption and Alzheimer disease polygenic risk score on the brain cortical thickness of cognitively normal subjects. Alcohol 2020; 85:1-12. [PMID: 31734309 PMCID: PMC7220836 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption and genetic risk for Alzheimer disease (AD) are among many factors known to be associated with brain structure in cognitively healthy adults. It is unclear, however, whether the effect of alcohol consumption on brain structure varies depending on a person's level of genetic risk for AD. We hypothesized that there is an interaction effect of alcohol consumption and a 33-SNP AD polygenic risk score (PRS) on the cortical thickness of brain regions known to be affected early in the course of AD. Studying 6,213 cognitively healthy subjects from the UK Biobank, we found a significant interaction effect of the 33-SNP AD PRS and alcohol consumption on this AD Cortical Thickness Signature. Stratified, among those who consume 12-24 g/day of alcohol, the 33-SNP AD PRS had a significant, positive association with AD Cortical Thickness Signature, with high-risk subjects having the greatest AD Cortical Thickness Signature. There were no significant associations of the 33-SNP AD PRS with AD Cortical Thickness Signature among the nondrinker or <1, 1-6, 6-12, 24-48, or >48 g/day groups. It is unclear whether this interaction is due to a detrimental or beneficial effect of moderate alcohol consumption in those with the highest genetic risk for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Matloff
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States
| | - Lu Zhao
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States
| | - Kaida Ning
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, United States
| | - Arthur W Toga
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States.
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20
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Brennan SE, McDonald S, Page MJ, Reid J, Ward S, Forbes AB, McKenzie JE. Long-term effects of alcohol consumption on cognitive function: a systematic review and dose-response analysis of evidence published between 2007 and 2018. Syst Rev 2020; 9:33. [PMID: 32054517 PMCID: PMC7020517 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the long-term health effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption is important for establishing thresholds for minimising the lifetime risk of harm. Recent research has elucidated the dose-response relationship between alcohol and cardiovascular outcomes, showing an increased risk of harm at levels of intake previously thought to be protective. The primary objective of this review was to examine (1) whether there is a dose-response relationship between levels of alcohol consumption and long-term cognitive effects, and (2) what the effects are of different levels of consumption. METHODS The review was conducted according to a pre-specified protocol. Eligible studies were those published 2007 onwards that compared cognitive function among people with different levels of alcohol consumption (measured ≥ 6 months prior to first follow-up of cognition). Major cognitive impairment was excluded. Searches were limited to MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO (January 2007 to April 2018). Screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment (ROBINS-I) were piloted by three authors, then completed by a single author and checked by a second. Analyses were undertaken to identify and characterise dose-response relationships between levels of alcohol consumption and cognition. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. RESULTS We included 27 cohort studies (from 4786 citations). Eighteen studies examined the effects of alcohol consumption at different levels (risk of bias 16 serious, 2 critical). Ten studies provided data for dose-response analysis. The pooled dose-response relationship showed a maximum standardised mean difference (SMD) indicating slightly better cognition among women with moderate alcohol consumption compared to current non-drinkers (SMD 0.18, 95%CI 0.02 to 0.34, at 14.4 grams/day; 5 studies, very low certainty evidence), and a trivial difference for men (SMD 0.05, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.10, at 19.4 grams/day; 6 studies, very low certainty evidence). CONCLUSIONS Major limitations in the design and reporting of included studies made it impossible to discern if the effects of 'lower' levels of alcohol intake are due to bias. Further review of the evidence is unlikely to resolve this issue without meta-analysis of individual patient data from cohort studies that address biases in the selection of participants and classification of alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue E. Brennan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Steve McDonald
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Page
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jane Reid
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephanie Ward
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew B. Forbes
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joanne E. McKenzie
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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21
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Tevik K, Selbæk G, Engedal K, Seim A, Krokstad S, Helvik AS. Mortality in older adults with frequent alcohol consumption and use of drugs with addiction potential - The Nord Trøndelag Health Study 2006-2008 (HUNT3), Norway, a population-based study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214813. [PMID: 30990815 PMCID: PMC6467384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate whether frequent drinking, use of drugs with addiction potential and the possible combination of frequent drinking and use of prescribed drugs with addiction potential were associated with all-cause mortality in older adults. Methods We used data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3 2006–08), a population-based study in Norway. A total of 11,545 (6,084 women) individuals 65 years and older at baseline participated. We assessed frequent drinking (≥ 4 days a week), occasional drinking (i.e. a few times a year), never drinking and non-drinking in the last year. Drugs with addiction potential were defined as at least one prescription of benzodiazepines, z-hypnotics or opioids during one year for a minimum of two consecutive years between 2005 and 2009. This information was drawn from the Norwegian Prescription Database. The main outcome was all-cause mortality with information drawn from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Follow-up continued until death or latest at 31 December 2013. Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate all-cause mortality since date of study entry and exact age at time of death was unknown. Results The adjusted logistic regression analyses showed that frequent drinking was not associated with all-cause mortality compared to occasional drinking. Men who reported to be never drinkers and non-drinkers in the last year had higher odds of mortality compared to those who drank occasionally. Use of prescribed drugs with addiction potential was associated with increased mortality in men, but not in women. No association was found between the possible combination of frequent drinking and use of prescribed drugs with addiction potential and mortality. Conclusion Neither frequent drinking nor the possible combination of frequent drinking and use of prescribed drugs with addiction potential were associated with all-cause mortality in older women and men. Use of prescribed drugs with addiction potential was associated with higher odds of mortality in men. This finding should lead to more caution in prescribing drugs with addiction potential to this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjerstin Tevik
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- General Practice Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- The Research Centre for Age-related Functional Decline and Disease, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Engedal
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arnfinn Seim
- General Practice Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Steinar Krokstad
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, (NTNU), Levanger, Norway
- Psychiatric Department, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Anne-S Helvik
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- General Practice Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- St. Olavs University Hospital, Sluppen, Trondheim, Norway
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22
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Chen J, Huang W, Cheng CH, Zhou L, Jiang GB, Hu YY. Association Between Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 Polymorphisms and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis Based on 5,315 Individuals. Front Neurol 2019; 10:290. [PMID: 30984100 PMCID: PMC6448532 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: A number of studies have reported that aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) polymorphisms maybe associated with the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the results of such studies are inconsistent. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the association between ALDH2 polymorphisms and the risk of AD and PD. Methods: Five online databases were searched and the relevant studies were reviewed from inception through May 10, 2018. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in each genetic model of the general population and various subgroups. Furthermore, we simultaneously performed heterogeneity, cumulative, sensitivity, and publication bias analyses. Results: Overall, nine case-control studies involving 5,315 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. Potential associations were found between the ALDH2 rs671 G>A polymorphism and the risk of AD (A vs. G: OR = 1.46, 95%CI = 1.01–2.11, P = 0.05, I2 = 84.2%; AA vs. GG: OR = 2.22, 95%CI = 1.03–4.77, P = 0.04, I2 = 79.2%; AA vs. GG+GA: OR = 1.94, 95%CI = 1.03–3.64, P =0.04, I2 = 71.1%). In addition, some similar results were observed in other subgroups. Moreover, no significant association between ALDH2 polymorphisms and PD risk. Conclusions: In conclusion, our meta-analysis indicated that the ALDH2 rs671 G>A polymorphism plays an important role in AD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Chao-Hui Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Guang-Bin Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Suizhou Central Hospital, Suizhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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