1
|
Mendes-Silva AP, Nikolova YS, Rajji TK, Kennedy JL, Diniz BS, Gonçalves VF, Vieira EL. Exosome-associated mitochondrial DNA in late-life depression: Implications for cognitive decline in older adults. J Affect Disord 2024; 362:217-224. [PMID: 38945405 PMCID: PMC11316645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disrupted cellular communication, inflammatory responses and mitochondrial dysfunction are consistently observed in late-life depression (LLD). Exosomes (EXs) mediate cellular communication by transporting molecules, including mitochondrial DNA (EX-mtDNA), playing critical role in immunoregulation alongside tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Changes in EX-mtDNA are indicators of impaired mitochondrial function and might increase vulnerability to adverse health outcomes. Our study examined EX-mtDNA levels and integrity, exploring their associations with levels of TNF receptors I and II (TNFRI and TNFRII), and clinical outcomes in LLD. METHODS Ninety older adults (50 LLD and 40 controls (HC)) participated in the study. Blood was collected and exosomes were isolated using size-exclusion chromatography. DNA was extracted and EX-mtDNA levels and deletion were assessed using qPCR. Plasma TNFRI and TNFRII levels were quantified by multiplex immunoassay. Correlation analysis explored relationships between EX-mtDNA, clinical outcomes, and inflammatory markers. RESULTS Although no differences were observed in EX-mtDNA levels between groups, elevated levels correlated with poorer cognitive performance (r = -0.328, p = 0.002) and increased TNFRII levels (r = 0.367, p = 0.004). LLD exhibited higher deletion rates (F(83,1) = 4.402, p = 0.039), with a trend remaining after adjusting for covariates (p = 0.084). Deletion correlated with poorer cognitive performance (r = -0.335, p = 0.002). No other associations were found. LIMITATION Cross-sectional study with a small number of participants from a specialized geriatric psychiatry treatment center. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that EX-mtDNA holds promise as an indicator of cognitive outcomes in LLD. Additional research is needed to further comprehend the role of EX-mtDNA levels/integrity in LLD, paving the way for its clinical application in the future.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Humans
- DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
- DNA, Mitochondrial/blood
- Male
- Female
- Aged
- Cognitive Dysfunction/blood
- Cognitive Dysfunction/genetics
- Exosomes/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/blood
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/blood
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/genetics
- Aged, 80 and over
- Depression/blood
- Depression/genetics
- Case-Control Studies
- Biomarkers/blood
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Mendes-Silva
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| | - Yuliya S Nikolova
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James L Kennedy
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Breno S Diniz
- UConn Center on Aging & Department of Psychiatry, UConn School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, USA
| | - Vanessa F Gonçalves
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erica L Vieira
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang JC, Zhao J, Chen YH, Wang R, Rong Z, Wang SY, Wu YM, Wang HN, Yang L, Liu R. miR-29a-5p rescues depressive-like behaviors in a CUMS-induced mouse model by facilitating microglia M2-polarization in the prefrontal cortex via TMEM33 suppression. J Affect Disord 2024; 360:188-197. [PMID: 38821373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression accounts for a high proportion of neuropsychiatric disorders and is associated with abnormal states of neurons in specific brain regions. Microglia play a pivotal role in the inflammatory state during depression development; however, the exact mechanism underlying chronic mood states remains unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to determine whether microRNAs (miRNAs) alleviate stress-induced depression-like behavior in mice by regulating the expression levels of their target genes, explore the role of neuroinflammation induced by microglial activation in the pathogenesis and progression of depression, and determine whether the role of the miR-29a-5p/transmembrane protein 33 (TMEM33) axis. METHODS In this study, chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse depression model, various behavioral tests, western blotting, dual-luciferase reporter assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR, immunofluorescence and lentivirus-mediated gene transfer were used. RESULTS After exposure to the CUMS paradigm, miR-29a-5p was significantly down-regulated. This downregulation subsequently promoted the polarization of microglia M1 by upregulating the expression of TMEM33, resulting in enhanced inflammatory chemokines affecting neurons. Conversely, the upregulation of miR-29a-5p within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) suppressed TMEM33 expression, facilitated microglia M2-polarization, and ameliorated depressive-like behavior. LIMITATIONS Only rodent models of depression were used, and human samples were not included. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that miR-29a-5p deficits within the PFC mediate microglial anomalies and contribute to depressive-like behaviors. miR-29a-5p and TMEM33 may, therefore, serve as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Cheng Yang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yi-Huan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Military Medical Center, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zheng Rong
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sai-Ying Wang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Mei Wu
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hua-Ning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Le Yang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Han Q, Li W, Chen P, Wang L, Bao X, Huang R, Liu G, Chen X. Microglial NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation and therapeutic strategies in depression. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1890-1898. [PMID: 38227513 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between inflammation and depression. Activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat, and NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes is closely related to the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases. In patients with major depressive disorder, NLRP3 inflammasome levels are significantly elevated. Understanding the role that NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation plays in the pathogenesis of depression may be beneficial for future therapeutic strategies. In this review, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms that lead to the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in depression as well as to provide insight into therapeutic strategies that target the NLRP3 inflammasome. Moreover, we outlined various therapeutic strategies that target the NLRP3 inflammasome, including NLRP3 inflammatory pathway inhibitors, natural compounds, and other therapeutic compounds that have been shown to be effective in treating depression. Additionally, we summarized the application of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors in clinical trials related to depression. Currently, there is a scarcity of clinical trials dedicated to investigating the applications of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors in depression treatment. The modulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in microglia holds promise for the management of depression. Further investigations are necessary to ascertain the efficacy and safety of these therapeutic approaches as potential novel antidepressant treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuqin Han
- Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiqing Chen
- Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiwen Bao
- Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Renyan Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Vascular Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guobin Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Vascular Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reichert Plaska C, Heslegrave A, Bruno D, Ramos-Cejudo J, Han Lee S, Osorio R, Imbimbo BP, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Pomara N. Evidence for reduced anti-inflammatory microglial phagocytic response in late-life major depression. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 120:248-255. [PMID: 38795783 PMCID: PMC11270917 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) but the precise mechanisms underlying this relationship are not understood. While it is well established that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) soluble levels of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) increase during early stages of AD, how sTREM2 levels behave in subjects with MDD is not known. In a longitudinal study, we measured CSF sTREM2 levels in 27 elderly cognitively intact individuals with late-life major depression (LLMD) and in 19 healthy controls. We tested the hypothesis that, similarly to what happens in early stages of AD, CSF sTREM2 would be elevated in MDD. In addition, we compared the associations of CSF sTREM2, pro- and anti- inflammatory, and AD biomarkers in LLMD and control subjects. Surprisingly, we found that mean CSF sTREM2 levels were significantly reduced in LLMD compared to controls. This reduction was no longer significant at the 3-year follow-up visit when depression severity improved. In addition, we found that CSF sTREM2 was associated with AD biomarkers and proinflammatory cytokines in controls but not in LLMD. These findings suggest that impaired microglia phagocytic response to AD pathology may be a novel link between MDD and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Reichert Plaska
- Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Nathan S Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda Heslegrave
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Davide Bruno
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jaime Ramos-Cejudo
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; VA Boston Cooperative Studies Program MAVERIC, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sang Han Lee
- Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Nathan S Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ricardo Osorio
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Clinical Research Department, Nathan S Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Bruno P Imbimbo
- Department of Research & Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and Department of Neurology, Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, University of Science and Technology of China and First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Nunzio Pomara
- Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Nathan S Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chamakioti M, Chrousos GP, Kassi E, Vlachakis D, Yapijakis C. Stress-Related Roles of Exosomes and Exosomal miRNAs in Common Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8256. [PMID: 39125827 PMCID: PMC11311345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, natural nanovesicles that contain a cargo of biologically active molecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, are released from cells to the extracellular environment. They then act as autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine mediators of communication between cells by delivering their cargo into recipient cells and causing downstream effects. Exosomes are greatly enriched in miRNAs, which are small non-coding RNAs that act both as cytoplasmic post-transcriptional repression agents, modulating the translation of mRNAs into proteins, as well as nuclear transcriptional gene activators. Neuronal exosomal miRNAs have important physiologic functions in the central nervous system (CNS), including cell-to-cell communication, synaptic plasticity, and neurogenesis, as well as modulating stress and inflammatory responses. Stress-induced changes in exosomal functions include effects on neurogenesis and neuroinflammation, which can lead to the appearance of various neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, and Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases. The current knowledge regarding the roles of exosomes in the pathophysiology of common mental disorders is discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myrsini Chamakioti
- Unit of Orofacial Genetics, 1st Department of Pediatrics, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, Choremion Laboratory, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - George P. Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, Choremion Laboratory, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Eva Kassi
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 118 55 Athens, Greece;
| | - Christos Yapijakis
- Unit of Orofacial Genetics, 1st Department of Pediatrics, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, Choremion Laboratory, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ai X, Yu H, Cai Y, Guan Y. Interactions Between Extracellular Vesicles and Autophagy in Neuroimmune Disorders. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:992-1006. [PMID: 38421513 PMCID: PMC11251008 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, myasthenia gravis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome, are characterized by the dysfunction of both the immune system and the nervous system. Increasing evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles and autophagy are closely associated with the pathogenesis of these disorders. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the interactions between extracellular vesicles and autophagy in neuroimmune disorders and discuss their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Here we highlight the need for further research to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these disorders, and to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Ai
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Haojun Yu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Neurology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| | - Yangtai Guan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhu Y, Wang F, Xia Y, Wang L, Lin H, Zhong T, Wang X. Research progress on astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Rev Neurosci 2024; 0:revneuro-2024-0043. [PMID: 38889403 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease (HD), pose significant global health risks and represent a substantial public health concern in the contemporary era. A primary factor in the pathophysiology of these disorders is aberrant accumulation and aggregation of pathogenic proteins within the brain and spinal cord. Recent investigations have identified extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the central nervous system (CNS) as potential carriers for intercellular transport of misfolded proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases. EVs are involved in pathological processes that contribute to various brain disorders including neurodegenerative disorders. Proteins linked to neurodegenerative disorders are secreted and distributed from cell to cell via EVs, serving as a mechanism for direct intercellular communication through the transfer of biomolecules. Astrocytes, as active participants in CNS intercellular communication, release astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) that are capable of interacting with diverse target cells. This review primarily focuses on the involvement of ADEVs in the development of neurological disorders and explores their potential dual roles - both advantageous and disadvantageous in the context of neurological disorders. Furthermore, this review examines the current studies investigating ADEVs as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The prospects and challenges associated with the application of ADEVs in clinical settings were also comprehensively reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fangsheng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haihong Lin
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Manna I, De Benedittis S, Porro D. Extracellular Vesicles in Multiple Sclerosis: Their Significance in the Development and Possible Applications as Therapeutic Agents and Biomarkers. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:772. [PMID: 38927708 PMCID: PMC11203165 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are "micro-shuttles" that play a role as mediators of intercellular communication. Cells release EVs into the extracellular environment in both physiological and pathological conditions and are involved in intercellular communication, due to their ability to transfer proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and in the modulation of the immune system and neuroinflammation. Because EVs can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and move from the central nervous system to the peripheral circulation, and vice versa, recent studies have shown a substantial role for EVs in several neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is a demyelinating disease where the main event is caused by T and B cells triggering an autoimmune reaction against myelin constituents. Recent research has elucidate the potential involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the pathophysiology of MS, although, to date, their potential role both as agents and therapeutic targets in MS is not fully defined. We present in this review a summary and comprehensive examination of EVs' involvement in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis, exploring their potential applications as biomarkers and indicators of therapy response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ida Manna
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Section of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Selene De Benedittis
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), 87050 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Danilo Porro
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, 20054 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sharma M, Tanwar AK, Purohit PK, Pal P, Kumar D, Vaidya S, Prajapati SK, Kumar A, Dhama N, Kumar S, Gupta SK. Regulatory roles of microRNAs in modulating mitochondrial dynamics, amyloid beta fibrillation, microglial activation, and cholinergic signaling: Implications for alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 161:105685. [PMID: 38670299 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) remains a formidable challenge due to its complex pathology, notably involving mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulated microRNA (miRNA) signaling. This study delves into the underexplored realm of miRNAs' impact on mitochondrial dynamics and their interplay with amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation and tau pathology in AD. Addressing identified gaps, our research utilizes advanced molecular techniques and AD models, alongside patient miRNA profiles, to uncover miRNAs pivotal in mitochondrial regulation. We illuminate novel miRNAs influencing mitochondrial dynamics, Aβ, and tau, offering insights into their mechanistic roles in AD progression. Our findings not only enhance understanding of AD's molecular underpinnings but also spotlight miRNAs as promising therapeutic targets. By elucidating miRNAs' roles in mitochondrial dysfunction and their interactions with hallmark AD pathologies, our work proposes innovative strategies for AD therapy, aiming to mitigate disease progression through targeted miRNA modulation. This contribution marks a significant step toward novel AD treatments, emphasizing the potential of miRNAs in addressing this complex disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Ankur Kumar Tanwar
- Department of Pharmacy, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Pankaj Pal
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, NMIMS School of Pharmacy and Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Shirpur Campus, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sandeep Vaidya
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Aadesh Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Dhama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sokindra Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sukesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences (OVAS), School of Medicine, Wayne State University, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tizabi Y, Getachew B, Hauser SR, Tsytsarev V, Manhães AC, da Silva VDA. Role of Glial Cells in Neuronal Function, Mood Disorders, and Drug Addiction. Brain Sci 2024; 14:558. [PMID: 38928557 PMCID: PMC11201416 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14060558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mood disorders and substance use disorder (SUD) are of immense medical and social concern. Although significant progress on neuronal involvement in mood and reward circuitries has been achieved, it is only relatively recently that the role of glia in these disorders has attracted attention. Detailed understanding of the glial functions in these devastating diseases could offer novel interventions. Here, following a brief review of circuitries involved in mood regulation and reward perception, the specific contributions of neurotrophic factors, neuroinflammation, and gut microbiota to these diseases are highlighted. In this context, the role of specific glial cells (e.g., microglia, astroglia, oligodendrocytes, and synantocytes) on phenotypic manifestation of mood disorders or SUD are emphasized. In addition, use of this knowledge in the potential development of novel therapeutics is touched upon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
| | - Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
| | - Sheketha R. Hauser
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Vassiliy Tsytsarev
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Alex C. Manhães
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil
| | - Victor Diogenes Amaral da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, BA, Brazil;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qian J, Yu F, Zheng L, Luo D, Zhao M. Comparison of the Protective Effects of Casein Hydrolysate Containing Tyr-Pro-Val-Glu-Pro-Phe and Casein on the Behaviors and Peripheral and Brain Functions in Mice with Chronic-Stress-Induced Anxiety and Insomnia. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11515-11530. [PMID: 38726599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Chronic stress is a major inducer of anxiety and insomnia. Milk casein has been studied for its stress-relieving effects. We previously prepared a casein hydrolysate (CP) rich in the sleep-enhancing peptide YPVEPF, and this study aims to systemically investigate the different protective effects of CP and casein on dysfunction and anxiety/insomnia behavior and its underlying mechanisms in chronically stressed mice. Behavioral results showed that CP ameliorated stress-induced insomnia and anxiety more effectively than milk casein, and this difference in amelioration was highly correlated with an increase in GABA, 5-HT, GABAA, 5-HT1A receptors, and BDNF and a decrease in IL-6 and NMDA receptors in stressed mice. Furthermore, CP restored these dysfunctions in the brain and colon by activating the HPA response, modulating the ERK/CREB-BDNF-TrκB signaling pathway, and alleviating inflammation. The abundant YPVEPF (1.20 ± 0.04%) and Tyr-based/Trp-containing peptides of CP may be the key reasons for its different effects compared to casein. Thus, this work revealed the main active structures of CP and provided a novel dietary intervention strategy for the prevention and treatment of chronic-stress-induced dysfunction and anxiety/insomnia behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qian
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fengjie Yu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Donghui Luo
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xing Y, Li P, Jia Y, Zhang K, Liu M, Jiang J. Dorsal root ganglion-derived exosomes deteriorate neuropathic pain by activating microglia via the microRNA-16-5p/HECTD1/HSP90 axis. Biol Res 2024; 57:28. [PMID: 38750549 PMCID: PMC11094882 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00513-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The activated microglia have been reported as pillar factors in neuropathic pain (NP) pathology, but the molecules driving pain-inducible microglial activation require further exploration. In this study, we investigated the effect of dorsal root ganglion (DRG)-derived exosomes (Exo) on microglial activation and the related mechanism. METHODS A mouse model of NP was generated by spinal nerve ligation (SNL), and DRG-derived Exo were extracted. The effects of DRG-Exo on NP and microglial activation in SNL mice were evaluated using behavioral tests, HE staining, immunofluorescence, and western blot. Next, the differentially enriched microRNAs (miRNAs) in DRG-Exo-treated microglia were analyzed using microarrays. RT-qPCR, RNA pull-down, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and immunofluorescence were conducted to verify the binding relation between miR-16-5p and HECTD1. Finally, the effects of ubiquitination modification of HSP90 by HECTD1 on NP progression and microglial activation were investigated by Co-IP, western blot, immunofluorescence assays, and rescue experiments. RESULTS DRG-Exo aggravated NP resulting from SNL in mice, promoted the activation of microglia in DRG, and increased neuroinflammation. miR-16-5p knockdown in DRG-Exo alleviated the stimulating effects of DRG-Exo on NP and microglial activation. DRG-Exo regulated the ubiquitination of HSP90 through the interaction between miR-16-5p and HECTD1. Ubiquitination alteration of HSP90 was involved in microglial activation during NP. CONCLUSIONS miR-16-5p shuttled by DRG-Exo regulated the ubiquitination of HSP90 by interacting with HECTD1, thereby contributing to the microglial activation in NP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghao Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abdelkawy YS, Elharoun M, Sheta E, Abdel-Raheem IT, Nematalla HA. Liraglutide and Naringenin relieve depressive symptoms in mice by enhancing Neurogenesis and reducing inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 971:176525. [PMID: 38561101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a debilitating mental disease that negatively impacts individuals' lives and society. Novel hypotheses have been recently proposed to improve our understanding of depression pathogenesis. Impaired neuroplasticity and upregulated neuro-inflammation add-on to the disturbance in monoamine neurotransmitters and therefore require novel anti-depressants to target them simultaneously. Recent reports demonstrate the antidepressant effect of the anti-diabetic drug liraglutide. Similarly, the natural flavonoid naringenin has shown both anti-diabetic and anti-depressant effects. However, the neuro-pharmacological mechanisms underlying their actions remain understudied. The study aims to evaluate the antidepressant effects and neuroprotective mechanisms of liraglutide, naringenin or a combination of both. Depression was induced in mice by administering dexamethasone (32 mcg/kg) for seven consecutive days. Liraglutide (200 mcg/kg), naringenin (50 mg/kg) and a combination of both were administered either simultaneously or after induction of depression for twenty-eight days. Behavioral and molecular assays were used to assess the progression of depressive symptoms and biomarkers. Liraglutide and naringenin alone or in combination alleviated the depressive behavior in mice, manifested by decrease in anxiety, anhedonia, and despair. Mechanistically, liraglutide and naringenin improved neurogenesis, decreased neuroinflammation and comparably restored the monoamines levels to that of the reference drug escitalopram. The drugs protected mice from developing depression when given simultaneously with dexamethasone. Collectively, the results highlight the usability of liraglutide and naringenin in the treatment of depression in mice and emphasize the different pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yara S Abdelkawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22514, Egypt
| | - Mona Elharoun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22514, Egypt
| | - Eman Sheta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21131, Egypt
| | - Ihab Talat Abdel-Raheem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22514, Egypt
| | - Hisham A Nematalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22514, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cai L, Xu J, Liu J, Luo H, Yang R, Gui X, Wei L. miRNAs in treatment-resistant depression: a systematic review. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:638. [PMID: 38727891 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09554-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a condition in a subset of depressed patients characterized by resistance to antidepressant medications. The global prevalence of TRD has been steadily increasing, yet significant advancements in its diagnosis and treatment remain elusive despite extensive research efforts. The precise underlying pathogenic mechanisms are still not fully understood. Epigenetic mechanisms play a vital role in a wide range of diseases. In recent years, investigators have increasingly focused on the regulatory roles of miRNAs in the onset and progression of TRD. miRNAs are a class of noncoding RNA molecules that regulate the translation and degradation of their target mRNAs via interaction, making the exploration of their functions in TRD essential for elucidating their pathogenic mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS A systematic search was conducted in four databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase, focusing on studies related to treatment-resistant depression and miRNAs. The search was performed using terms individually or in combination, such as "treatment-resistant depression," "medication-resistant depression," and "miRNAs." The selected articles were reviewed and collated, covering the time period from the inception of each database to the end of February 2024. We found that miRNAs play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of TRD through three main aspects: 1) involvement in miRNA-mediated inflammatory responses (including miR-155, miR-345-5p, miR-146a, and miR-146a-5p); 2) influence on 5-HT transport processes (including miR-674,miR-708, and miR-133a); and 3) regulation of synaptic plasticity (including has-miR-335-5p,has-miR- 1292-3p, let-7b, and let-7c). Investigating the differential expression and interactions of these miRNAs could contribute to a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying TRD. CONCLUSIONS miRNAs might play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of TRD. Gaining a deeper understanding of the roles and interrelations of miRNAs in TRD will contribute to elucidating disease pathogenesis and potentially provide avenues for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lun Cai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Huazheng Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongbin Gui
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liping Wei
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mokhtari T, Irandoost E, Sheikhbahaei F. Stress, pain, anxiety, and depression in endometriosis-Targeting glial activation and inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111942. [PMID: 38565045 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Endometriosis (EM) is a gynecological inflammatory disease often accompanied by stress, chronic pelvic pain (CPP), anxiety, and depression, leading to a diminished quality of life. This review aims to discuss the relationship between systemic and local inflammatory responses in the central nervous system (CNS), focusing on glial dysfunctions (astrocytes and microglia) as in critical brain regions involved in emotion, cognition, pain processing, anxiety, and depression. The review presents that EM is connected to increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the circulation. Additionally, chronic stress and CPP as stressors may contribute to the dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, depleting the production of inflammatory mediators in the circulatory system and the brain. The systemic cytokines cause blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, activate microglia in the brain, and lead to neuroinflammation. Furthermore, CPP may induce neuronal morphological alterations in critical regions through central sensitization and the activation of glial cells. The activation of glial cells, particularly the polarization of microglia, leads to the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines. These inflammatory cytokines interact with the signaling pathways involved in neural plasticity. Additionally, persistent inflammatory conditions in the brain lead to neuronal death, which is correlated with a reduced volume of key brain regions such as the hippocampus. This review highlights the involvement of glial cells in the pathogenesis of the mental comorbidities of EM (i.e., pain, anxiety, and depression) and to discuss potential therapeutic approaches for targeting the inflammation and activation of microglia in key brain regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahmineh Mokhtari
- Department of Pharmacology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Elnaz Irandoost
- Sarem Women's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Sheikhbahaei
- Department of Anatomy, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang Y, Hang W, Li J, Liu T, Hu Y, Fang F, Yan D, McQuillan PM, Wang M, Hu Z. Effect of General Anesthetic Agents on Microglia. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1308-1328. [PMID: 37962460 PMCID: PMC11081156 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of general anesthetic agents (GAAs) on microglia and their potential neurotoxicity have attracted the attention of neuroscientists. Microglia play important roles in the inflammatory process and in neuromodulation of the central nervous system. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a key mechanism of neurocognitive dysfunction during the perioperative period. Microglial activation by GAAs induces anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory effects in microglia, suggesting that GAAs play a dual role in the mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Understanding of the mechanisms by which GAAs regulate microglia may help to reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse effects. Here, we review the actions of GAAs on microglia and the consequent changes in microglial function. We summarize clinical and animal studies associating microglia with general anesthesia and describe how GAAs interact with neurons via microglia to further explore the mechanisms of action of GAAs in the nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanchang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Wenxin Hang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, China.
| | - Yuhan Hu
- Cell Biology Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Fuquan Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dandan Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Patrick M. McQuillan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jiang H, Long X, Wang Y, Zhang X, Chen L, Yang X, Zhao B, Zhang Y, Chai Y, Bao T. Acupuncture Ameliorates Depression-Like Behaviors Through Modulating the Neuroinflammation Mediated by TLR4 Signaling Pathway in Rats Exposed to Chronic Restraint Stress. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2606-2619. [PMID: 37917302 PMCID: PMC11043104 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03737-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, emerging evidence has identified that stress-induced activation of neuroinflammation is considered to be one of the most prevalently precipitating factors in the pathogenesis of depression. Data from clinical trials and experimental findings has verified the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the prevention and treatment of depression. However, the mechanism of the preventive effect of acupuncture for depression has not been fully elucidated. The current study aimed to investigate the preventive effect and mechanism of acupuncture through modulating the neuroinflammation mediated by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway in rats exposed to chronic restraint stress (CRS). All rats were subjected to CRS for 21 days, with the exception of rats in control group. One hour before CRS, rats in acupuncture group were exposed to acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) and Yintang (GV29). The depression-like behaviors were evaluated by body weight assessment and sucrose preference test at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. The expression of activated microglia in hippocampus was detected by immunofluorescence. The expression of key proteins on TLR4 signaling pathway of TLR4, MyD88, TRAF6, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, and mRNA of TLR4 in the hippocampus was detected by western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to investigate the effect of acupuncture on stress-induced activation of neuroinflammation. The present study provided evidence that acupuncture exerted potential preventive effect that might be mediated in part by suppressing the neuroinflammation induced by TLR4 signaling pathway, which may be a promising treatment target to improve current treatments for depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huili Jiang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xianqi Long
- Department of Medicine, Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities, Duyun, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lu Chen
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xinjing Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bingcong Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yemao Chai
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tuya Bao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Alzahrani FA, Riza YM, Eid TM, Almotairi R, Scherschinski L, Contreras J, Nadeem M, Perez SE, Raikwar SP, Jha RM, Preul MC, Ducruet AF, Lawton MT, Bhatia K, Akhter N, Ahmad S. Exosomes in Vascular/Neurological Disorders and the Road Ahead. Cells 2024; 13:670. [PMID: 38667285 PMCID: PMC11049650 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), stroke, and aneurysms, are characterized by the abnormal accumulation and aggregation of disease-causing proteins in the brain and spinal cord. Recent research suggests that proteins linked to these conditions can be secreted and transferred among cells using exosomes. The transmission of abnormal protein buildup and the gradual degeneration in the brains of impacted individuals might be supported by these exosomes. Furthermore, it has been reported that neuroprotective functions can also be attributed to exosomes in neurodegenerative diseases. The potential neuroprotective functions may play a role in preventing the formation of aggregates and abnormal accumulation of proteins associated with the disease. The present review summarizes the roles of exosomes in neurodegenerative diseases as well as elucidating their therapeutic potential in AD, PD, ALS, HD, stroke, and aneurysms. By elucidating these two aspects of exosomes, valuable insights into potential therapeutic targets for treating neurodegenerative diseases may be provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal A. Alzahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, King Fahad Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir M. Riza
- Department of Biochemistry, King Fahad Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamir M. Eid
- Department of Biochemistry, King Fahad Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema Almotairi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Prince Fahad bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lea Scherschinski
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA (J.C.)
| | - Jessica Contreras
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA (J.C.)
| | - Muhammed Nadeem
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA (J.C.)
| | - Sylvia E. Perez
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA (J.C.)
| | - Sudhanshu P. Raikwar
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA (J.C.)
| | - Ruchira M. Jha
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Mark C. Preul
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Andrew F. Ducruet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Michael T. Lawton
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Kanchan Bhatia
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, AZ 85306, USA
| | - Naseem Akhter
- Department of Biology, Arizona State University, Lake Havasu City, AZ 86403, USA
| | - Saif Ahmad
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA (J.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tattersall MC, Jarjour NN, Busse PJ. Systemic Inflammation in Asthma: What Are the Risks and Impacts Outside the Airway? THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:849-862. [PMID: 38355013 PMCID: PMC11219096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Airway inflammation in asthma has been well recognized for several decades, with general agreement on its role in asthma pathogenesis, symptoms, propensity toward exacerbation, and decline in lung function. This has led to universal recommendation in asthma management guidelines to incorporate the use of inhaled corticosteroid as an anti-inflammatory therapy for all patients with persistent asthma symptoms. However, there has been limited attention paid to the presence and potential impact of systemic inflammation in asthma. Accumulating evidence from epidemiological observations and cohort studies points to a host of downstream organ dysfunction in asthma especially among patients with longstanding or more severe disease, frequent exacerbations, and underlying risk factors for organ dysfunction. Most studies to date have focused on cognitive impairment, depression/anxiety, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular abnormalities. In this review, we summarize some of the evidence demonstrating these abnormalities and highlight the proposed mechanisms and potential benefits of treatment in limiting these extrapulmonary abnormalities in patients with asthma. The goal of this commentary is to raise awareness of the importance of recognizing potential extrapulmonary conditions associated with systemic inflammation of asthma. This area of treatment of patients with asthma is a large unmet need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis.
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis
| | - Paula J Busse
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cortes-Flores H, Torrandell-Haro G, Brinton RD. Association between CNS-active drugs and risk of Alzheimer's and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1358568. [PMID: 38487578 PMCID: PMC10937406 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1358568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective As neuropsychiatric conditions can increase the risk of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), the impact of CNS-active drugs on the risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD), non-AD dementia, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) was investigated. Research design and methods A retrospective cohort analysis of a medical claims dataset over a 10 year span was conducted in patients aged 60 years or older. Participants were propensity score matched for comorbidity severity and demographic parameters. Relative risk (RR) ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined for age-related NDDs. Cumulative hazard ratios and treatment duration were determined to assess the association between CNS-active drugs and NDDs at different ages and treatment duration intervals. Results In 309,128 patients who met inclusion criteria, exposure to CNS-active drugs was associated with a decreased risk of AD (0.86% vs 1.73%, RR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.47-0.53; p <.0001) and all NDDs (3.13% vs 5.76%, RR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.53-0.56; p <.0001). Analysis of impact of drug class on risk of AD indicated that antidepressant, sedative, anticonvulsant, and stimulant medications were associated with significantly reduced risk of AD whereas atypical antipsychotics were associated with increased AD risk. The greatest risk reduction for AD and NDDs occurred in patients aged 70 years or older with a protective effect only in patients with long-term therapy (>3 years). Furthermore, responders to these therapeutics were characterized by diagnosed obesity and higher prescriptions of anti-inflammatory drugs and menopausal hormonal therapy, compared to patients with a diagnosis of AD (non-responders). Addition of a second CNS-active drug was associated with greater reduction in AD risk compared to monotherapy, with the combination of a Z-drug and an SNRI associated with greatest AD risk reduction. Conclusion Collectively, these findings indicate that CNS-active drugs were associated with reduced risk of developing AD and other age-related NDDs. The exception was atypical antipsychotics, which increased risk. Potential use of combination therapy with atypical antipsychotics could mitigate the risk conferred by these drugs. Evidence from these analyses advance precision prevention strategies to reduce the risk of age-related NDDs in persons with neuropsychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Cortes-Flores
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Georgina Torrandell-Haro
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Roberta Diaz Brinton
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
García-Cerro S, Gómez-Garrido A, Garcia G, Crespo-Facorro B, Brites D. Exploratory Analysis of MicroRNA Alterations in a Neurodevelopmental Mouse Model for Autism Spectrum Disorder and Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2786. [PMID: 38474035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression levels and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). In this study, we examined the adult expression profiles of specific miRNAs in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of a neurodevelopmental mouse model for ASD and SCZ that mimics perinatal pathology, such as NMDA receptor hypofunction, and exhibits behavioral and neurophysiological phenotypes related to these disorders during adulthood. To model the early neuropathogenesis of the disorders, mouse pups were administered subcutaneously with ketamine (30 mg/Kg) at postnatal days 7, 9, and 11. We focused on a set of miRNAs most frequently altered in ASD (miR-451a and miR-486-3p) and in SCZ (miR-132-3p and miR-137-3p) according to human studies. Additionally, we explored miRNAs whose alterations have been identified in both disorders (miR-21-5p, miR-92a-2-5p, miR-144-3p, and miR-146a-5p). We placed particular emphasis on studying the sexual dimorphism in the dynamics of these miRNAs. Our findings revealed significant alterations in the PFC of this ASD- and SCZ-like mouse model. Specifically, we observed upregulated miR-451a and downregulated miR-137-3p. Furthermore, we identified sexual dimorphism in the expression of miR-132-3p, miR-137-3p, and miR-92a-2-5p. From a translational perspective, our results emphasize the potential involvement of miR-92a-2-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-137-3p, and miR-451a in the pathophysiology of ASD and SCZ and strengthen their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets of such disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana García-Cerro
- Translational Psychiatry Group, Ibis-Biomedicine Institute of Sevilla-CSIC, Manuel Siurot AV, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Monforte de Lemos AV, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Gómez-Garrido
- Translational Psychiatry Group, Ibis-Biomedicine Institute of Sevilla-CSIC, Manuel Siurot AV, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Monforte de Lemos AV, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonçalo Garcia
- Neuroinflammation, Signaling and Neuroregeneration Lab, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Translational Psychiatry Group, Ibis-Biomedicine Institute of Sevilla-CSIC, Manuel Siurot AV, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Monforte de Lemos AV, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Manuel Siurot AV, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, Sánchez Pizjuán AV, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Dora Brites
- Neuroinflammation, Signaling and Neuroregeneration Lab, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Min XL, Liu HJ, Dou XK, Chen FX, Zhao Q, Zhao XH, Shi Y, Zhao QY, Sun SJ, Wang Z, Yu SH. Extracellular Vesicles from Neural Stem Cells Carry microRNA-16-5p to Reduce Corticosterone-induced Neuronal Injury in Depression Rats. Neuroscience 2024; 538:95-109. [PMID: 37778691 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is a common mental illness. Neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC-EVs) are involved in repairing neuronal injury. We estimated the mechanism of miR-16-5p in depression rats. METHODS EVs were extracted from NSCs. The depression rat model was established by corticosterone (CORT) induction and treated with NSC-EVs. The depression behavioral/pathological changes in rats were assessed using forced swimming test, open field test, sucrose consumption test and western blotting. The neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal tissue were detected. CORT-induced PC12 cell model was established. EV uptake by PC12 cells was measured and PC12 cell apoptosis was detected. The downstream targets of miR-16-5p were predicted and verified. The expressions of miR-16-5p and MYB in rats, PC12 cells, and EVs were measured. Functional rescue experiments were conducted to verify the role of miR-16-5p and MYB in PC12 cell apoptosis. RESULTS CORT induction increased neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal tissue and induced depression-like behaviors in rats, while NSC-EV treatment improved depression-like behaviors and apoptosis in rats. In PC12 cells, NSC-EVs decreased CORT-induced PC12 cell apoptosis. NSC-EVs carried miR-16-5p into PC12 cells. miR-16-5p knockdown in EVs partially reversed the inhibitory effects of NSC-EVs on CORT-induced PC12 cell apoptosis. miR-16-5p targeted to inhibit MYB to repress CORT-induced PC12 cell apoptosis. In vivo experiments further verified that NSC-EVs reduced neuronal injury in CORT-induced depression rats via the miR-16-5p/MYB axis. CONCLUSION NSC-EVs-mediated alleviation on neuronal injury by carrying miR-16-5p to target MYB was highly likely one of the mechanisms by which NSC-EVs mediated miR-16-5p in neuroprotection of depression rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Min
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Hai-Jing Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Yunnan Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Kunming, China
| | - Xing-Kui Dou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fei-Xiong Chen
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhao
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Medicine School, Yunnan Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Kunming, China
| | - Qun-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Sheng-Jie Sun
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Si-Hang Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mazuryk J, Klepacka K, Kutner W, Sharma PS. Glyphosate: Impact on the microbiota-gut-brain axis and the immune-nervous system, and clinical cases of multiorgan toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:115965. [PMID: 38244513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLP) and GLP-based herbicides (GBHs), such as polyethoxylated tallow amine-based GLP surfactants (GLP-SH), developed in the late 70', have become the most popular and controversial agrochemicals ever produced. Nowadays, GBHs have reached 350 million hectares of crops in over 140 countries, with an annual turnover of 5 billion and 11 billion USD in the U.S.A. and worldwide, respectively. Because of the highly efficient inhibitory activity of GLP targeted to the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase pathway, present in plants and several bacterial strains, the GLP-resistant crop-based genetic agricultural revolution has decreased famine and improved the costs and quality of living in developing countries. However, this progress has come at the cost of the 50-year GBH overuse, leading to environmental pollution, animal intoxication, bacterial resistance, and sustained occupational exposure of the herbicide farm and companies' workers. According to preclinical and clinical studies covered in the present review, poisoning with GLP, GLP-SH, and GBHs devastatingly affects gut microbiota and the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, leading to dysbiosis and gastrointestinal (GI) ailments, as well as immunosuppression and inappropriate immunostimulation, cholinergic neurotransmission dysregulation, neuroendocrinal system disarray, and neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral alterations. Herein, we mainly focus on the contribution of gut microbiota (GM) to neurological impairments, e.g., stroke and neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. The current review provides a comprehensive introduction to GLP's microbiological and neurochemical activities, including deviation of the intestinal Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, excitotoxicity, and mind-altering processes. Besides, it summarizes and critically discusses recent preclinical studies and clinical case reports concerning the harmful impacts of GBHs on the GI tract, MGB axis, and nervous system. Finally, an insightful comparison of toxic effects caused by GLP, GBH-SH, and GBHs is presented. To this end, we propose a first-to-date survey of clinical case reports on intoxications with these herbicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Mazuryk
- Department of Electrode Processes, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; Bio & Soft Matter, Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Katarzyna Klepacka
- Functional Polymers Research Team, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; ENSEMBLE(3) sp. z o. o., 01-919 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Kutner
- Department of Electrode Processes, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences. School of Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piyush Sindhu Sharma
- Functional Polymers Research Team, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shendy HM, Mohamed SS, Abd El-Haleim EA, Galal O, Wadie W, Helal A, Khayyal MT. Rice bran extract mitigates depressive-like behavior in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis: Involvement of the gut-brain axis and Sirt1 signaling pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 184:114386. [PMID: 38123053 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients frequently suffer from depressive disorders as well. The present study was carried out to explore whether treatment with a standardized rice bran extract (RBE) could affect depression-like behavior in rats with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Male Wistar rats were treated with RBE (100 mg/kg/day; p.o.) for 2 weeks. During the second week, colitis was induced by feeding the rats with 5 % (w/v) DSS in drinking water. RBE protected against DSS-induced body weight loss as well as against the macro- and microscopic inflammatory changes of the colon. Additionally, RBE mitigated DSS-induced dysregulation in blood-brain barrier tight junctional proteins, preserved the hippocampal histopathological architecture and improved the animal behavior in the forced swimming test. This was associated with modulation of hippocampal oxidative stress marker; GSH as well as hippocampal pro-inflammatory mediators; NF-ĸB and IL-1β. Treatment with RBE also led to a profound increase in the hippocampal levels of Sirt1, PGC-1α, Nrf2, and HO-1, which were drastically dropped by DSS. In conclusion, the study revealed the protective effect of RBE against DSS-induced depressive-like behavior through modulation of different parameters along the gut-brain axis and up-regulated the Sirt1/PGC-1α/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah S Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Enas A Abd El-Haleim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Omneya Galal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Egypt
| | - Walaa Wadie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed T Khayyal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kuttiyarthu Veetil N, Cedraz de Oliveira H, Gomez-Samblas M, Divín D, Melepat B, Voukali E, Świderská Z, Krajzingrová T, Těšický M, Jung F, Beneš V, Madsen O, Vinkler M. Peripheral inflammation-induced changes in songbird brain gene expression: 3' mRNA transcriptomic approach. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 151:105106. [PMID: 38013114 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.105106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Species-specific neural inflammation can be induced by profound immune signalling from periphery to brain. Recent advances in transcriptomics offer cost-effective approaches to study this regulation. In a population of captive zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), we compare the differential gene expression patterns in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered peripheral inflammation revealed by RNA-seq and QuantSeq. The RNA-seq approach identified more differentially expressed genes but failed to detect any inflammatory markers. In contrast, QuantSeq results identified specific expression changes in the genes regulating inflammation. Next, we adopted QuantSeq to relate peripheral and brain transcriptomes. We identified subtle changes in the brain gene expression during the peripheral inflammation (e.g. up-regulation in AVD-like and ACOD1 expression) and detected co-structure between the peripheral and brain inflammation. Our results suggest benefits of the 3'end transcriptomics for association studies between peripheral and neural inflammation in genetically heterogeneous models and identify potential targets for the future brain research in birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Kuttiyarthu Veetil
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Haniel Cedraz de Oliveira
- Wageningen University and Research, Department of Animal Sciences, Animal Breeding and Genomics, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Mercedes Gomez-Samblas
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic; Granada University, Science faculty, Department of Parasitology, CP:18071, Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Daniel Divín
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Balraj Melepat
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Eleni Voukali
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Zuzana Świderská
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Tereza Krajzingrová
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Těšický
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ferris Jung
- EMBL, Genomics Core Facility, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Vladimír Beneš
- EMBL, Genomics Core Facility, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ole Madsen
- Wageningen University and Research, Department of Animal Sciences, Animal Breeding and Genomics, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Michal Vinkler
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, 128 43, Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tripathi S, Nathan CL, Tate MC, Horbinski CM, Templer JW, Rosenow JM, Sita TL, James CD, Deneen B, Miller SD, Heimberger AB. The immune system and metabolic products in epilepsy and glioma-associated epilepsy: emerging therapeutic directions. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e174753. [PMID: 38193532 PMCID: PMC10906461 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy has a profound impact on quality of life. Despite the development of new antiseizure medications (ASMs), approximately one-third of affected patients have drug-refractory epilepsy and are nonresponsive to medical treatment. Nearly all currently approved ASMs target neuronal activity through ion channel modulation. Recent human and animal model studies have implicated new immunotherapeutic and metabolomic approaches that may benefit patients with epilepsy. In this Review, we detail the proinflammatory immune landscape of epilepsy and contrast this with the immunosuppressive microenvironment in patients with glioma-related epilepsy. In the tumor setting, excessive neuronal activity facilitates immunosuppression, thereby contributing to subsequent glioma progression. Metabolic modulation of the IDH1-mutant pathway provides a dual pathway for reversing immune suppression and dampening seizure activity. Elucidating the relationship between neurons and immunoreactivity is an area for the prioritization and development of the next era of ASMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shashwat Tripathi
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Craig M. Horbinski
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Pathology, and
| | | | | | - Timothy L. Sita
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Charles D. James
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Benjamin Deneen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen D. Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy B. Heimberger
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Guo J, Fang M, Xiong Z, Zhou K, Zeng P. Mechanistic insights into the anti-depressant effect of curcumin based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:583-598. [PMID: 37490124 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02628-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) exhibits a definite curative effect in the treatment of depression. To identify potential antidepressant targets and mechanisms of action of CUR. This study used network pharmacology to explore the signaling pathways and CUR-related targets in depression. C57BL/6 J mice (male,12-14 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8): saline-treated (control mice), lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally), LPS + CUR (50 mg/kg/day, intragastrically), and LPS + CUR + LY294002 (7.5 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally). After 1 week, behavioral tests were performed. Then, neuronal damage in the prefrontal cortex of mice was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. We uncovered the main active mechanism of CUR against depression using Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways showed that the most significantly enriched pathway in CUR against depression was the PI3K-Akt pathway. Moreover, 52 targets were significantly correlated with the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and CUR-related targets. In addition, among the top 50 targets ranked by degree in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, there were 23 targets involved in the 52 intersection targets. Administration of LPS alone extended immobility time in the open field test (OFT) and tail suspension test (TST) and decreased sucrose consumption in the sucrose preference test (SPT). Pretreatment with CUR relieved LPS-induced changes in the behavioral tests, activity of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, neuronal damage in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), and inflammatory response. Moreover, inhibition of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway by LY294002 blocked the therapeutic effects of CUR. Our study indicates that CUR may be an effective antidepressant agent in an LPS-induced mouse model, partly because of its anti-inflammatory action through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Meng Fang
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Zhe Xiong
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Peng Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhu T, Liu H, Gao S, Jiang N, Chen S, Xie W. Effect of salidroside on neuroprotection and psychiatric sequelae during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115999. [PMID: 38091637 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the mental health of individuals worldwide, and the risk of psychiatric sequelae and consequent mental disorders has increased among the general population, health care workers and patients with COVID-19. Achieving effective and widespread prevention of pandemic-related psychiatric sequelae to protect the mental health of the global population is a serious challenge. Salidroside, as a natural agent, has substantial pharmacological activity and health effects, exerts obvious neuroprotective effects, and may be effective in preventing and treating psychiatric sequelae and mental disorders resulting from stress stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, we systematically summarise, analyse and discuss the therapeutic effects of salidroside in the prevention and treatment of psychiatric sequelae as well as its roles in preventing the progression of mental disorders, and fully clarify the potential of salidroside as a widely applicable agent for preventing mental disorders caused by stress; the mechanisms underlying the potential protective effects of salidroside are involved in the regulation of the oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neural regeneration and cell apoptosis in the brain, the network homeostasis of neurotransmission, HPA axis and cholinergic system, and the improvement of synaptic plasticity. Notably, this review innovatively proposes that salidroside is a potential agent for treating stress-induced health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic and provides scientific evidence and a theoretical basis for the use of natural products to combat the current mental health crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhu
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Shiman Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Donghu Road No. 115, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Weijie Xie
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mookerjee N, Schmalbach N, Antinori G, Thampi S, Windle-Puente D, Gilligan A, Huy H, Andrews M, Sun A, Gandhi R, Benedict W, Chang A, Sanders B, Nguyen J, Keesara MR, Aliev J, Patel A, Hughes I, Millstein I, Hunter K, Roy S. Association of Risk Factors and Comorbidities With Chronic Pain in the Elderly Population. J Prim Care Community Health 2024; 15:21501319241233463. [PMID: 38366930 PMCID: PMC10874592 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241233463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE Chronic pain disorders affect about 20% of adults in the United States, and it disproportionately affects individuals living in the neighborhoods of extreme socioeconomic disadvantage. In many instances, chronic pain has been noted to arise from an aggregation of multiple risk factors and events. Therefore, it is of importance to recognize the modifiable risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the comorbid medical conditions and risk factors associated with chronic pain disorders in patients aged 65 years and older. METHODS Our team retrospectively reviewed medical records of elderly patients (65 years and older) who were evaluated in our outpatient medicine office between July 1, 2020 and June 30, 2021 for acute problems, management of chronic medical problems, or well visits. We divided our patients into a group who suffered from chronic pain disorder, and another group who did not have chronic pain disorder. The association of variables were compared between those groups. RESULTS Of the 2431 patients, 493 (20.3%) had a chronic pain disorder. A higher frequency of females in the group with chronic pain disorder was found compared to the group without a chronic pain disorder (60.6% vs 55.2%; P = .033). The mean ages between the two groups were similar in the group with a chronic pain disorder compared to the group without (76.35 ± 7.5 year vs 76.81 ± 7.59 year; P = .228). There were significant associations of certain comorbidities in the group with a chronic pain disorder compared to the group without a chronic pain disorder, such as depression (21.9% vs 15.2%; P < .001), anxiety (27.0% vs 17.1%; P < .001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (8.7% vs 6.1%; P = .036), obstructive sleep apnea (16.8% vs 11.6%; P = .002), gastroesophageal reflux disease (40.8% vs 29.0%; P < .001), osteoarthritis (49.3% vs 26.1%; P < .001), other rheumatologic diseases (24.9% vs 19.4%; P = .006), and peripheral neuropathy (14.4% vs 5.3%; P < .001). CONCLUSION Female sex, depression, anxiety, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obstructive sleep apnea, gastroesophageal reflux disease, osteoarthritis, other rheumatologic diseases, and peripheral neuropathy were significantly associated with chronic pain disorder in elderly patients, while BMI was not associated with chronic pain disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neil Mookerjee
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Amy Gilligan
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Ha Huy
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Megha Andrews
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Angela Sun
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Roshni Gandhi
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | | | - Austin Chang
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Ben Sanders
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Justin Nguyen
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | | | - Janet Aliev
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Aneri Patel
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Isaiah Hughes
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Ian Millstein
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Krystal Hunter
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Satyajeet Roy
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
- Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Colita D, Burdusel D, Glavan D, Hermann DM, Colită CI, Colita E, Udristoiu I, Popa-Wagner A. Molecular mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder and post-stroke affective disorders. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:149-158. [PMID: 37827260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Two of the most common and incapacitating mental health disorders around the world are major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-stroke depression (PSD). MDD is thought to result from abnormal connectivity between the monoaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, and/or cholinergic pathways. Additional factors include the roles of hormonal, immune, ageing, as well as the influence of cellular, molecular, and epigenetics in the development of mood disorders. This complexity of factors has been anticipated by the Swiss psychiatrists Paul Kielholz and Jules Angst who introduced a multimodal treatment of MDD. Depression is the predominant mood disorder, impacting around one-third of individuals who have experienced a stroke. MDD and PSD share common underlying biological mechanisms related to the disruption of monoaminergic pathways. The major contributor to PSD is the stroke lesion location, which can involve the disruption of the serotoninergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, or cholinergic pathways. Additionally, various other disorders such as mania, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, and apathy might occur post-stroke, although their prevalence is considerably lower. However, there are differences in the onset of MDD among mood disorders. Some mood disorders develop gradually and can persist for a lifetime, potentially culminating in suicide. In contrast, PSD has a rapid onset because of the severe disruption of neural pathways essential for mood behavior caused by the lesion. However, PSD might also spontaneously resolve several months after a stroke, though it is associated with higher mortality. This review also provides a brief overview of the treatments currently available in medical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Colita
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daiana Burdusel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania; Chair of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Daniela Glavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania; Chair of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Chair of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Cezar-Ivan Colită
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugen Colita
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ion Udristoiu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Aurel Popa-Wagner
- Chair of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gusev E, Sarapultsev A. Interplay of G-proteins and Serotonin in the Neuroimmunoinflammatory Model of Chronic Stress and Depression: A Narrative Review. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:180-214. [PMID: 38151838 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128285578231218102020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This narrative review addresses the clinical challenges in stress-related disorders such as depression, focusing on the interplay between neuron-specific and pro-inflammatory mechanisms at the cellular, cerebral, and systemic levels. OBJECTIVE We aim to elucidate the molecular mechanisms linking chronic psychological stress with low-grade neuroinflammation in key brain regions, particularly focusing on the roles of G proteins and serotonin (5-HT) receptors. METHODS This comprehensive review of the literature employs systematic, narrative, and scoping review methodologies, combined with systemic approaches to general pathology. It synthesizes current research on shared signaling pathways involved in stress responses and neuroinflammation, including calcium-dependent mechanisms, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and key transcription factors like NF-κB and p53. The review also focuses on the role of G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptors (GPCRs) in immune and pro-inflammatory responses, with a detailed analysis of how 13 of 14 types of human 5-HT receptors contribute to depression and neuroinflammation. RESULTS The review reveals a complex interaction between neurotransmitter signals and immunoinflammatory responses in stress-related pathologies. It highlights the role of GPCRs and canonical inflammatory mediators in influencing both pathological and physiological processes in nervous tissue. CONCLUSION The proposed Neuroimmunoinflammatory Stress Model (NIIS Model) suggests that proinflammatory signaling pathways, mediated by metabotropic and ionotropic neurotransmitter receptors, are crucial for maintaining neuronal homeostasis. Chronic mental stress can disrupt this balance, leading to increased pro-inflammatory states in the brain and contributing to neuropsychiatric and psychosomatic disorders, including depression. This model integrates traditional theories on depression pathogenesis, offering a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted nature of the condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii Gusev
- Laboratory of Inflammation Immunology, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
- Russian-Chinese Education and Research Center of System Pathology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
| | - Alexey Sarapultsev
- Russian-Chinese Education and Research Center of System Pathology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
- Laboratory of Immunopathophysiology, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Balistreri CR, Monastero R. Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Diseases: How Much Do We Still Not Know? Brain Sci 2023; 14:19. [PMID: 38248234 PMCID: PMC10812964 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The term "neuroinflammation" defines the typical inflammatory response of the brain closely related to the onset of many neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Neuroinflammation is well known, but its mechanisms and pathways are not entirely comprehended. Some progresses have been achieved through many efforts and research. Consequently, new cellular and molecular mechanisms, diverse and conventional, are emerging. In listing some of those that will be the subject of our description and discussion, essential are the important roles of peripheral and infiltrated monocytes and clonotypic cells, alterations in the gut-brain axis, dysregulation of the apelinergic system, alterations in the endothelial glycocalyx of the endothelial component of neuronal vascular units, variations in expression of some genes and levels of the encoding molecules by the action of microRNAs (miRNAs), or other epigenetic factors and distinctive transcriptional factors, as well as the role of autophagy, ferroptosis, sex differences, and modifications in the circadian cycle. Such mechanisms can add significantly to understanding the complex etiological puzzle of neuroinflammation and ND. In addition, they could represent biomarkers and targets of ND, which is increasing in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Rita Balistreri
- Cellular and Molecular Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Monastero
- Unit of Neurology & Neuro-Physiopathology, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Via La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wakid MH, Alsulami MN, Farid M, El Kholy WA. Potential Anti-Toxoplasmosis Efficiency of Phoenix dactylifera Extracts Loaded on Selenium Nanoparticles. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:7743-7758. [PMID: 38144223 PMCID: PMC10749168 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s443047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii that infects humans and many types of mammals and birds. Objective To investigate the effect of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and Phoenix dactylifera (Pd) extracts loaded on SeNPs as a new agent to combat chronic T. gondii infections in murine model as an alternative method to standard Spiramycin drug therapy. Methods A total of 64 female mice were randomly divided into eight groups: GI: Normal control, GII: Positive control, GIII: infected and treated with Spiramycin, GIV: infected and treated with SeNPs, GV: infected and treated with aqueous extract of Pd, GVI: infected and treated with methanolic extract of Pd, GVII: infected and treated with aqueous extract of Pd loaded on SeNPs, GVIII: infected and treated with methanolic extract of Pd loaded on SeNPs. Date palm (P. dactylifera) fruits were identified and collected from the farms of Saudi Arabia. Preparation and characterization of SeNPs were done. The parasitological, histopathological examinations and biochemical changes were evaluated in all groups. Results Parasitological results showed significant differences in GVII in comparison to GII while GVIII showed significant differences in comparison to GII and GIII. The histopathological section of the cerebral cortex showed obvious alterations in the infected compared with untreated control groups. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of P. dactylifera loaded on SeNPs treatment showed improvement that indicated by few perivascular cuffing with few inflammatory cell infiltrations. Few granule cells with mild intracellular vacuolation and edema few deformed neurons with deep pyknotic nuclei. Microglia cells expression of Iba-1 and inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10 and INF-γ) in serum of all groups was higher in GII and lowest in GVIII followed by GVII. Conclusion SeNPs and P. dactylifera extracts loaded on SeNPs could be a potent agent to combat T. gondii infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majed H Wakid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muslimah N Alsulami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Farid
- Sciences Academy of Experimental Researches, Special Scientific Foundation, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Walaa A El Kholy
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fabrazzo M, Cipolla S, Pisaturo M, Camerlengo A, Bucci P, Pezzella P, Coppola N, Galderisi S. Bidirectional Relationship between HIV/HBV Infection and Comorbid Depression and/or Anxiety: A Systematic Review on Shared Biological Mechanisms. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1689. [PMID: 38138916 PMCID: PMC10744606 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13121689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental disorders that are comorbid with chronic infectious diseases may worsen clinical outcomes and patients' quality of life. We hypothesized that depression and/or anxiety syndromes or symptoms comorbid with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection might stem from shared biological mechanisms. METHODS We conducted a systematic review applying the PRISMA statement by searching into the PubMed, APA PsycInfo, and Scopus databases. We examined the literature on HIV/HBV infection comorbid with depression and/or anxiety in adults ≥18 years. RESULTS Thirty-one studies on HIV and three on HBV were analyzed. The Tat protein contributed to HIV-associated mood disorders due to the protein's ability to cause neurodegeneration and induce hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation in response to natural stressors. The decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels also emerged as a mechanism involved in HIV neuropathogenesis and the associated mood symptoms. Neuroinflammation was implicated in depression and/or anxiety onset in patients with HIV/HBV infections. Microglial activation and release of cytokines, in particular, appeared as potential pathogenetic mechanisms. Furthermore, an altered balance between quinolinic acid and kynurenic acid production emerged in HIV patients with comorbid depression, indicating a glutamatergic dysfunction. Inflammatory cytokine production and the downregulation of cellular immune responses contributed to persisting inflammation, delayed healing, and functional decline in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. A shift in type 1-type 2 cytokine balance might be implicated in HBV-related immune pathogenesis, and depression and anxiety might be considered immunomodulatory factors. Cytokines also caused HPA axis hyperactivity, frequently observed in HIV/HBV patients with comorbid depression/anxiety. CONCLUSIONS The present systematic review showed, for the first time, that HIV/HBV and depression and/or anxiety might have several biological mechanisms as common denominators. The longitudinal course of the highlighted biological mechanisms should be explored to establish the causative interrelationship among the involved mechanisms. In addition, future research should investigate the possibility that a patient's clinical outcome might improve using pharmacological treatments acting on the biological mechanisms we described as common denominators of chronic inflammatory infective diseases and depression/anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Fabrazzo
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (M.P.); (A.C.); (P.B.); (P.P.); (N.C.); (S.G.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Qiu F, Zeng C, Liu Y, Pan H, Ke C. J147 ameliorates sepsis-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice by attenuating neuroinflammation through regulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. J Mol Histol 2023; 54:725-738. [PMID: 37676534 PMCID: PMC10635911 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10147-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is associated with the pathophysiology of depression. The molecular mechanism of depressive-like behavior caused by sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is incompletely understood. J147 (an analog of curcumin) has been reported to improve memory and has neuroprotective activity, but its biological function in the depressive-like behavior observed in SAE is not known. We investigated the effects of J147 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory, depressive-like behaviors, and the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signal pathway in the mouse hippocampus and microglia (BV2 cells). The forced-swimming test (FST) and tail-suspension test (TST) were undertaken for assessment of depressive-like behaviors. Expression of the proinflammatory genes interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured using RT-qPCR and ELISA. Microglia activation was detected using immunofluorescence staining. The TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway was studied using western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. J147 pretreatment markedly downregulated expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, and the mean fluorescence intensity of ionized calcium-binding adapter protein-1 in microglia. J147 restrained LPS-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (IκB) degradation, and TLR4 activation in microglia. J147 administration inhibited bodyweight loss, mortality, microglia activation, and depressive-like behaviors in LPS-treated mice. In conclusion, J147 ameliorated the sepsis-induced depressive-like behaviors induced by neuroinflammation through attenuating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in microglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Qiu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, Guangdong, China
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Changchun Zeng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518025, Guangdong, China.
| | - Haobo Pan
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
| | - Changneng Ke
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wu A, Zhang J. Neuroinflammation, memory, and depression: new approaches to hippocampal neurogenesis. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:283. [PMID: 38012702 PMCID: PMC10683283 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of most common and severe mental disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) significantly increases the risks of premature death and other medical conditions for patients. Neuroinflammation is the abnormal immune response in the brain, and its correlation with MDD is receiving increasing attention. Neuroinflammation has been reported to be involved in MDD through distinct neurobiological mechanisms, among which the dysregulation of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus (HPC) is receiving increasing attention. The DG of the hippocampus is one of two niches for neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain, and neurotrophic factors are fundamental regulators of this neurogenesis process. The reported cell types involved in mediating neuroinflammation include microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, meningeal leukocytes, and peripheral immune cells which selectively penetrate the blood-brain barrier and infiltrate into inflammatory regions. This review summarizes the functions of the hippocampus affected by neuroinflammation during MDD progression and the corresponding influences on the memory of MDD patients and model animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anbiao Wu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jiyan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Luo Y, Ali T, Liu Z, Gao R, Li A, Yang C, Ling L, He L, Li S. EPO prevents neuroinflammation and relieves depression via JAK/STAT signaling. Life Sci 2023; 333:122102. [PMID: 37769806 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein cytokine that exerts therapeutic potential on neurological disorders by promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis. However, its role as an antidepressant via anti-inflammatory axes is poorly explored. Furthermore, chronic inflammation can induce neuroinflammation, concurrent with depressive-like behaviors that anti-inflammatory and antidepressant agents could avert. Here, we aimed to elucidate the antidepressant potential of Erythropoietin (EPO) in the LPS-induced depression model. MAIN METHODS For in vivo analysis, mice were treated with LPS (2 mg/kg BW), Erythropoietin (EPO) (5000 U/kg/day), (Ruxolitinib,15 mg/kg), and K252a (25 μg/kg). Depressive-like behaviors were confirmed via behavior tests, including OFT, FST, SPT, and TST. Cytokines were measured via ELISA, while IBA-1/GFAP expression was determined by immunofluorescence. Further, the desired gene expression was measured by immunoblotting. For in vitro analysis, BV2 and N2a cell lines were cultured, treated with LPS, EPO, Ruxolitinib, and K252a, collected, and analyzed. KEY FINDINGS LPS treatment significantly induced neuroinflammation accompanied by depression-like behaviors in mice. However, EPO treatment rescued LPS-induced changes by averting cytokine production, secretion, and glial cell activation and reducing depressive-like behaviors in mice. Surprisingly, EPO treatment ameliorated LPS-induced JAK2/STAT5 signaling impairment, as validated by JAK2-antagonism. Furthermore, synaptic and dendritic spine defects and BNDF/TrkB signaling upon LPS administration could be prevented by EPO treatment. SIGNIFICANCE EPO could act as an antidepressant via its anti-inflammatory potential by regulating JAK2/STAT5 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Tahir Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China; Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
| | - Zizhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Ruyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Axiang Li
- Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bio-Evidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Canyu Yang
- Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bio-Evidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Li Ling
- Department of Endocrinology, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School and Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Liufang He
- Pediatrics Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China; Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhang S, She S, Qiu Y, Li Z, Mao D, Zheng W, Wu H, Huang R. Altered cortical myelin in the salience and default mode networks in major depressive disorder patients: A surface-based analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:113-119. [PMID: 37517634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence from previous genetic and post-mortem studies suggested that the myelination abnormality contributed to the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, image-level alterations in cortical myelin content associated with MDD are still unclear. METHODS The high-resolution T1-weighted (T1w) and T2-weighted (T2w) brain 3D structural images were obtained from 52 MDD patients and 52 healthy controls (HC). We calculated the vertex-based T1w/T2w ratio using the HCP structural pipelines to characterize individual cortical myelin maps at the fs_LR 32 k surface. We attempted to detect the clusters with significant differences in cortical myelin content between MDD and HC groups. We correlated the cluster-wise averaged myelin value and the clinical performances in MDD patients. RESULTS The MDD patients showed significantly lower cortical myelin content in the cluster involving the left insula, orbitofrontal cortex, superior temporal cortex, transverse temporal gyrus, inferior frontal cortex, superior frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex, precentral cortex, and postcentral cortex. The correlation analysis showed a significantly positive correlation between the cluster-wise cortical myelin content and the onset age of MDD patients. CONCLUSION The MDD patients showed lower cortical myelin content in regions of the default mode network regions and salience network than healthy controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shufei Zhang
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shenglin She
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Yidan Qiu
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zezhi Li
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Deng Mao
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Huawang Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, 510370, China.
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tsilioni I, Theoharides TC. Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Its Receptor Binding Domain Stimulate Release of Different Pro-Inflammatory Mediators via Activation of Distinct Receptors on Human Microglia Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6704-6714. [PMID: 37477768 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infects cells via its spike (S) protein binding to its surface receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on target cells and results in acute symptoms involving especially the lungs known as COVID-19. However, increasing evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2 infection produces neuroinflammation associated with neurological, neuropsychiatric, and cognitive symptoms persists well past the resolution of the infection, known as post-COVID-19 sequalae or long-COVID. The neuroimmune mechanism(s) involved in long-COVID have not been adequately characterized. In this study, we show that recombinant SARS-CoV-2 full-length S protein stimulates release of pro-inflammatory IL-1b, CXCL8, IL-6, and MMP-9 from cultured human microglia via TLR4 receptor activation. Instead, recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD) stimulates release of TNF-α, IL-18, and S100B via ACE2 signaling. These results provide evidence that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein contributes to neuroinflammation through different mechanisms that may be involved in CNS pathologies associated with long-COVID.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Tsilioni
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Suite 304, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Theoharis C Theoharides
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Suite 304, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
- Institute of Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, FL, 33759, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fang S, Wu Z, Guo Y, Zhu W, Wan C, Yuan N, Chen J, Hao W, Mo X, Guo X, Fan L, Li X, Chen J. Roles of microglia in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in depression and their therapeutics. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1193053. [PMID: 37881439 PMCID: PMC10597707 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1193053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis generates functional neurons from neural progenitor cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) to complement and repair neurons and neural circuits, thus benefiting the treatment of depression. Increasing evidence has shown that aberrant microglial activity can disrupt the appropriate formation and development of functional properties of neurogenesis, which will play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of depression. However, the mechanisms of the crosstalk between microglia and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in depression are not yet fully understood. Therefore, in this review, we first introduce recent discoveries regarding the roles of microglia and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the etiology of depression. Then, we systematically discuss the possible mechanisms of how microglia regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis in depression according to recent studies, which involve toll-like receptors, microglial polarization, fractalkine-C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, cytokines, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and the microbiota-gut-brain axis, etc. In addition, we summarize the promising drugs that could improve the adult hippocampal neurogenesis by regulating the microglia. These findings will help us understand the complicated pathological mechanisms of depression and shed light on the development of new treatment strategies for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyi Fang
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibin Wu
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yali Guo
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunmiao Wan
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Naijun Yuan
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, 2Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianbei Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhi Hao
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Mo
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Guo
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Fan
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxu Chen
- Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wadie W, Mohamed SS, Abd El-Haleim EA, Khayyal MT. Niacin modulates depressive-like behavior in experimental colitis through GPR109A-dependent mechanisms. Life Sci 2023; 330:122004. [PMID: 37544378 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Depression is one of the common neurological comorbidities in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The current study aimed to investigate the potential impact of niacin on colitis-induced depressive-like behavior in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were given 5 % dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for one week to induce colitis. Niacin (80 mg/kg), with or without mepenzolate bromide (GPR109A blocker), was administered once per day throughout the experimental period. Rats were tested for behavioral changes using open field and forced swimming tests. KEY FINDINGS Niacin significantly ameliorated DSS-induced behavioral deficits and alleviated macroscopic and microscopic colonic inflammatory changes. It also augmented the hippocampal levels of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 proteins, indicating the ability of niacin to restore the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Moreover, niacin decreased hippocampal IL-1ꞵ and NF-ĸB contents but increased GSH, Sirt-1, Nrf-2, HO-1 concentrations. All these beneficial effects were partially abolished by the co-administration of mepenzolate bromide. SIGNIFICANCE The neuroprotective effect of niacin against DSS-induced depressive-like behavior was partially mediated through GPR109A-mediated mechanisms. Such mechanisms are also involved in modulating neuronal oxidative stress and inflammation via Sirt-1/Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Wadie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Sarah S Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Enas A Abd El-Haleim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T Khayyal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yang L, Huang Y, Chen F, Wang Y, Su K, Zhao M, Tao W, Liu W. Berberine attenuates depression-like behavior by modulating the hippocampal NLRP3 ubiquitination signaling pathway through Trim65. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110808. [PMID: 37595491 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing evidence suggests that inflammation appears to play a role in the genesis of depression. Berberine has potent anti-inflammatory effects and potential antidepressant activity, although the mechanism by which it works is yet unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms through which berberine treats depression and reduces inflammation. METHODS The CUMS model and behavioral evaluation were utilized in this study to evaluate the efficacy of berberine in the treatment of depression. Berberine's effect on the inflammatory response in CUMS mice was evaluated via ELISA assays and western blotting. Nissl staining was used to observe hippocampal neuronal functional damage. Western blotting, ELISA, ubiquitination tests, and immunoprecipitation were utilized in conjunction with in vitro experiments to study the involvement of Trim65 in the antidepressant effects of berberine. RESULTS The results suggest that berberine effectively alleviates depressive symptoms, suppresses the expression of genes associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, ASC, GSDMD-N, Pro-IL-1β, IL-1β, Pro-IL-18, and IL-18), and reduces hippocampal neuronal functional damage in CUMS mice. Further studies showed that knockdown of Trim65 reversed the effects of berberine and increased NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Finally, K285, an important site for Trim65 binding to NLRP3, was identified. CONCLUSION Our study describes the mechanism of berberine limiting NLRP3 inflammasome activity by promoting the conjugation of Trim65 to NLRP3 and NLRP3 ubiquitination, and suggests NLRP3 inflammasome activation as a prospective target for treating inflammation-associated disorders such as depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yuzhen Huang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Fengxi Chen
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Kunhan Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Weiwei Tao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Wanli Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Brás JP, Pinto S, von Doellinger O, Prata J, Coelho R, Barbosa MA, Almeida MI, Santos SG. Combining inflammatory miRNA molecules as diagnostic biomarkers for depression: a clinical study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1227618. [PMID: 37575572 PMCID: PMC10413105 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1227618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation has been implicated in core features of depression pathophysiology and treatment resistance. Therefore, new challenges in the discovery of inflammatory mediators implicated in depression have emerged. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found aberrantly expressed in several pathologies, increasing their potential as biomarkers and therapeutical targets. In this study, the aim was to assess the changes and biomarker potential of inflammation-related miRNAs in depression patients. Methods Depression diagnosis was performed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). 40 healthy controls and 32 depression patients were included in the study. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured in plasma, and expression levels of cytokines and inflammation-related miRNAs were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Results Depression patients were found to have a pro-inflammatory profile in plasma, with significantly higher levels of TNF-α and CCL2 compared with controls. In PBMCs of depression patients, TNF-α and IL-6 expression levels were significantly up and downregulated, respectively. Moreover, miR-342 levels were found upregulated, while miR-146a and miR-155 were significantly downregulated. miR-342 expression levels were positively correlated with TNF-α. Importantly, when analyzed as a diagnostic panel, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis of miR-342, miR-146a, miR-155 in combination, showed to be highly specific and sensitive in distinguishing between depression patients and healthy controls. Conclusion In summary, these findings suggest that inflammation-related miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in depression patients. Moreover, we show evidences on the potential of the combination of dysregulated miRNAs as a powerful diagnostic tool for depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Brás
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Pinto
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- FMUP-Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Orlando von Doellinger
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- FMUP-Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departmento de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental, Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Joana Prata
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- FMUP-Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Rui Coelho
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- FMUP-Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departmento de Neurociências Clínicas e Saúde Mental, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Adolfo Barbosa
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Inês Almeida
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Gomes Santos
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Afonso GJM, Cavaleiro C, Valero J, Mota SI, Ferreiro E. Recent Advances in Extracellular Vesicles in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Emergent Perspectives. Cells 2023; 12:1763. [PMID: 37443797 PMCID: PMC10340215 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe and incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive death of motor neurons, leading to paralysis and death. It is a rare disease characterized by high patient-to-patient heterogeneity, which makes its study arduous and complex. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as important players in the development of ALS. Thus, ALS phenotype-expressing cells can spread their abnormal bioactive cargo through the secretion of EVs, even in distant tissues. Importantly, owing to their nature and composition, EVs' formation and cargo can be exploited for better comprehension of this elusive disease and identification of novel biomarkers, as well as for potential therapeutic applications, such as those based on stem cell-derived exosomes. This review highlights recent advances in the identification of the role of EVs in ALS etiopathology and how EVs can be promising new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo J. M. Afonso
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (G.J.M.A.); (C.C.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- III-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla Cavaleiro
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (G.J.M.A.); (C.C.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- III-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Valero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sandra I. Mota
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (G.J.M.A.); (C.C.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- III-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Ferreiro
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (G.J.M.A.); (C.C.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- III-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Amirkhanzadeh Barandouzi Z, Bruner DW, Miller AH, Paul S, Felger JC, Wommack EC, Higgins KA, Shin DM, Saba NF, Xiao C. Associations of inflammation with neuropsychological symptom cluster in patients with Head and neck cancer: A longitudinal study. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 30:100649. [PMID: 37396338 PMCID: PMC10308212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients may experience multiple co-occurring neuropsychological symptoms (NPS) cluster, including fatigue, depression, pain, sleep disturbance, and cognitive impairment. While inflammation has been attributed as a key mechanism for some of these symptoms, its association with the NPS as a cluster of symptoms is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the association between peripheral inflammation and NPS cluster among HNC patients over cancer treatment (radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy). Methods HNC patients were recruited and followed at pre-treatment, end of treatment, three months and one-year post-treatment. Plasma inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFA), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-2 (sTNFR2), interleukin-1 beta (IL1-β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and patient-reported NPS cluster were collected at the 4 time points. Associations between inflammatory markers and the NPS cluster were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models and generalized estimating equations (GEE) models controlling covariates. Results 147 HNC patients were eligible for analysis. 56% of the patients received chemoradiotherapy as treatment. The highest NPS cluster score was reported at the end of treatment, which gradually decreased over time. An increase in inflammatory markers including CRP, sTNFR2, IL-6 and IL-1RA was associated with higher continuous NPS cluster scores (p<0.001, p = 0.003, p<0.001, p<0.001; respectively). GEE further confirmed that patients with at least two moderate symptoms had elevated sTNFR2, IL-6, and IL-1RA (p = 0.017, p = 0.038, p = 0.008; respectively). Notably, this positive association between NPS cluster and inflammatory markers was still significant at one-year post-treatment for CRP (p = 0.001), sTNFR2 (p = 0.006), and IL-1RA (p = 0.043). Conclusions Most HNC patients experienced NPS clusters over time, especially immediately after the end of treatment. Elevated inflammation, as represented by inflammatory markers, was strongly associated with worse NPS cluster over time; this trend was also notable at one-year post-treatment. Our findings suggest that peripheral inflammation plays a pivotal role in the NPS cluster over cancer treatment, including long-term follow-ups. Interventions on reducing peripheral inflammation may contribute to alleviating the NPS cluster in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah W. Bruner
- School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Andrew H. Miller
- School of Medicine, Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Sudeshna Paul
- School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jennifer C. Felger
- School of Medicine, Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Evanthia C. Wommack
- School of Medicine, Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kristin A. Higgins
- School of Medicine, Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dong M. Shin
- School of Medicine, Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Nabil F. Saba
- School of Medicine, Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Canhua Xiao
- School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wu SK, Chen WJ, Chang JPC, Guu TW, Hsin MC, Huang CK, Mischoulon D, Capuron L, Su KP. Personalized Medicine of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Depression Treatment in Obese and Metabolically Dysregulated Patients. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1003. [PMID: 37373992 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13061003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The co-occurrence of depression and obesity has become a significant public health concern worldwide. Recent studies have shown that metabolic dysfunction, which is commonly observed in obese individuals and is characterized by inflammation, insulin resistance, leptin resistance, and hypertension, is a critical risk factor for depression. This dysfunction may induce structural and functional changes in the brain, ultimately contributing to depression's development. Given that obesity and depression mutually increase each other's risk of development by 50-60%, there is a need for effective interventions that address both conditions. The comorbidity of depression with obesity and metabolic dysregulation is thought to be related to chronic low-grade inflammation, characterized by increased circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP). As pharmacotherapy fails in at least 30-40% of cases to adequately treat major depressive disorder, a nutritional approach is emerging as a promising alternative. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are a promising dietary intervention that can reduce inflammatory biomarkers, particularly in patients with high levels of inflammation, including pregnant women with gestational diabetes, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and overweight individuals with major depressive disorder. Further efforts directed at implementing these strategies in clinical practice could contribute to improved outcomes in patients with depression, comorbid obesity, and/or metabolic dysregulation.
Collapse
Grants
- MOST 109-2320-B-038-057-MY3, 110-2321-B-006-004, 110-2811-B-039-507, 110-2320-B-039-048-MY2,110-2320-B-039-047-MY3, 110-2813-C-039-327-B, 110-2314-B-039-029-MY3, 111-2321-B-006-008, and NSTC 111-2314-B-039-041-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- ANHRF 109-31, 109-40, 110-13, 110-26, 110-44, 110-45, 111-27, 111-28, 111-47, 111-48, and 111-52 An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
- CMRC-CMA-2 Ministry of Education (MOE), Taiwan
- CMU 110-AWARD-02, 110-N-17, 1110-SR-73 China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- DMR-106-101, 106-227, 109-102, 109-244, 110-124, 111-245, 112-097, 112-086, 112-109, 112-232 and DMR-HHC-109-11, HHC-109-12, HHC-110-10, and HHC-111-8 China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suet-Kei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jen Chen
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709, Taiwan
| | - Jane Pei-Chen Chang
- Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Wei Guu
- Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin 651, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Che Hsin
- Body Science & Metabolic Disorders International Medical Centre (BMIMC), China Medical University & Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kun Huang
- Body Science & Metabolic Disorders International Medical Centre (BMIMC), China Medical University & Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - David Mischoulon
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lucile Capuron
- NutriNeuro, University of Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, UMR 1286, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Escobar AP, Bonansco C, Cruz G, Dagnino-Subiabre A, Fuenzalida M, Negrón I, Sotomayor-Zárate R, Martínez-Pinto J, Jorquera G. Central and Peripheral Inflammation: A Common Factor Causing Addictive and Neurological Disorders and Aging-Related Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10083. [PMID: 37373230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Many diseases and degenerative processes affecting the nervous system and peripheral organs trigger the activation of inflammatory cascades. Inflammation can be triggered by different environmental conditions or risk factors, including drug and food addiction, stress, and aging, among others. Several pieces of evidence show that the modern lifestyle and, more recently, the confinement associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have contributed to increasing the incidence of addictive and neuropsychiatric disorders, plus cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we gather evidence on how some of these risk factors are implicated in activating central and peripheral inflammation contributing to some neuropathologies and behaviors associated with poor health. We discuss the current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the generation of inflammation and how these processes occur in different cells and tissues to promote ill health and diseases. Concomitantly, we discuss how some pathology-associated and addictive behaviors contribute to worsening these inflammation mechanisms, leading to a vicious cycle that promotes disease progression. Finally, we list some drugs targeting inflammation-related pathways that may have beneficial effects on the pathological processes associated with addictive, mental, and cardiometabolic illnesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angélica P Escobar
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Christian Bonansco
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Cruz
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Alexies Dagnino-Subiabre
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Marco Fuenzalida
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Ignacio Negrón
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Ramón Sotomayor-Zárate
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Jonathan Martínez-Pinto
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Gonzalo Jorquera
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wu J, Li S, Zhang Y. Research progress in role of exosomes exosomes in mental disorders. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:771-781. [PMID: 37539580 PMCID: PMC10930398 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.220379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles with a structure of lipid bilayer-membrane. In the central nervous system (CNS), exosomes can be secreted from both neurons and glial cells. Exosomes released into the extracellular matrix can freely cross the blood-brain barrier and function as crucial carriers of cellular communication and substance exchange in the CNS. Exosomes play a key role in the pathological process of mental disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder, and they have the potential to be used as a targeted carrier of antipsychotic medications. Exosomes are likely to become a new tool in the future to aid in the early prevention, accurate diagnosis, and effective treatment for people with mental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Wu
- Medical Psychological Center, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011.
| | - Shansi Li
- Medical Psychological Center, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
| | - Yi Zhang
- Medical Psychological Center, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011.
- Medical Psychological Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410011.
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha 410011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wang M, Yang Y, Guo Y, Tan R, Sheng Y, Chui H, Chen P, Luo H, Ying Z, Li L, Zeng J, Zhao J. Xiaoxuming decoction cutting formula reduces LPS-stimulated inflammation in BV-2 cells by regulating miR-9-5p in microglia exosomes. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1183612. [PMID: 37266151 PMCID: PMC10229826 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1183612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, and the inflammatory mechanism plays a crucial role in stroke-related brain injury and post-ischemic tissue damage. Xiaoxuming decoction (XXMD) is the first prescription for the treatment of "zhongfeng" (a broad concept referring to stroke) in the Tang and Song Dynasties of China and has a significant position in the history of stroke treatment. Through the study of ancient medical records and modern clinical evidence, it is evident that XXMD has significant efficacy in the treatment of stroke and its sequelae, and its pharmacological mechanism may be related to post-stroke inflammation. However, XXMD contains 12 medicinal herbs with complex composition, and therefore, a simplified version of XXMD, called Xiaoxuming decoction cutting (XXMD-C), was derived based on the anti-inflammatory effects of the individual herbs. Therefore, it is necessary to explore and confirm the anti-inflammatory mechanism of XXMD-C. Aim of the study: Based on the previous experiments of our research group, it was found that both XXMD and XXMD-C have anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced microglia, and XXMD-C has a better anti-inflammatory effect. Since miRNAs in exosomes also participate in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, and traditional Chinese medicine can regulate exosomal miRNAs through intervention, this study aims to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of XXMD-C in the treatment of post-stroke inflammation through transcriptome sequencing, providing a basis for the application of XXMD-C. Materials and methods: XXMD-C was extracted using water and filtered through a 0.22 μm membrane filter. The main chemical components of the medicinal herbs in XXMD-C were rapidly qualitatively analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Cell viability was determined using the CCK-8 assay, and an LPS-induced BV-2 cell inflammation model was established. The expression of inflammatory cytokines was detected using ELISA and Western blot (WB). Extracellular vesicles were extracted using ultracentrifugation, and identified using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis, and WB. Differential miRNAs were screened using smallRNA-seq sequencing, and validated using RT-PCR and Western blot. Results: The UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis revealed that representative components including ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, cinnamaldehyde, baicalin, baicalein, wogonin, and ginsenoside Rg1 were detected in XXMD-C. The results of ELISA and WB assays showed that XXMD-C had a therapeutic effect on LPS-induced inflammation in BV-2 cells. TEM, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and WB results demonstrated the successful extraction of extracellular vesicles using high-speed centrifugation. Differential miRNA analysis by smallRNA-seq identified miR-9-5p, which was validated by RT-PCR and WB. Inhibition of miR-9-5p was found to downregulate the expression of inflammatory factors including IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and TNF-α. Conclusion: The study found that XXMD-C has anti-neuroinflammatory effects. Through smallRNA-seq sequencing of extracellular vesicles, miR-9-5p was identified as a key miRNA in the mechanism of XXMD-C for treating neuroinflammation, and its in vivo anti-inflammatory mechanism deserves further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menglei Wang
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- College Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanlei Guo
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruirong Tan
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanmei Sheng
- College Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Huawei Chui
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Luo
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhujun Ying
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Zeng
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Junning Zhao
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Soleymani T, Chen TY, Gonzalez-Kozlova E, Dogra N. The human neurosecretome: extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) of the brain for intercellular communication, therapy, and liquid-biopsy applications. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1156821. [PMID: 37266331 PMCID: PMC10229797 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1156821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that brain derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and particles (EPs) can cross blood-brain barrier and mediate communication among neurons, astrocytes, microglial, and other cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Yet, a complete understanding of the molecular landscape and function of circulating EVs & EPs (EVPs) remain a major gap in knowledge. This is mainly due to the lack of technologies to isolate and separate all EVPs of heterogeneous dimensions and low buoyant density. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the neurosecretome, including the extracellular vesicles that carry the molecular signature of the brain in both its microenvironment and the systemic circulation. We discuss the biogenesis of EVPs, their function, cell-to-cell communication, past and emerging isolation technologies, therapeutics, and liquid-biopsy applications. It is important to highlight that the landscape of EVPs is in a constant state of evolution; hence, we not only discuss the past literature and current landscape of the EVPs, but we also speculate as to how novel EVPs may contribute to the etiology of addiction, depression, psychiatric, neurodegenerative diseases, and aid in the real time monitoring of the "living brain". Overall, the neurosecretome is a concept we introduce here to embody the compendium of circulating particles of the brain for their function and disease pathogenesis. Finally, for the purpose of inclusion of all extracellular particles, we have used the term EVPs as defined by the International Society of Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taliah Soleymani
- Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tzu-Yi Chen
- Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Edgar Gonzalez-Kozlova
- Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Navneet Dogra
- Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|