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Guo Y, Liu J, Du X, Qi M, She T, Xue K, Wu X, Xu L, Peng B, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Jiang Z, Li X, Yuan Y. ROS exhaustion reverses the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on hemorrhagic transformation through reactivating microglia in post-stroke hyperglycemic mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21410. [PMID: 39271781 PMCID: PMC11399301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a major global health concern due to its high mortality and disability rates. Hemorrhagic transformation, a common complication of AIS, leads to poor prognosis yet lacks effective treatments. Preclinical studies indicate that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment within 12 h of AIS onset alleviates ischemia/reperfusion injuries, including hemorrhagic transformation. However, clinical trials have yielded conflicting results, suggesting some underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed that HBO treatments beginning within 1 h post reperfusion significantly alleviated the haemorrhage and neurological deficits in hyperglycemic transient middle cerebral arterial occlusion (tMCAO) mice, partly due to the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pro-inflammatory response in microglia. Notably, reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate the anti-inflammatory and protective effect of early HBO treatment, as edaravone and N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC), two commonly used antioxidants, reversed the suppressive effect of HBO treatment on NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation in microglia. Furthermore, NAC countered the protective effect of early HBO treatment in tMCAO mice with hyperglycemia. These findings support that early HBO treatment is a promising intervention for AIS, however, caution is warranted when combining antioxidants with HBO treatment. Further assessments are needed to clarify the role of antioxidants in HBO therapy for AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Guo
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
- Jiang'an Health Institute of Rugao Municipal Health Commission, Nantong, 226534, China
| | - Xingyue Du
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Mian Qi
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Tongping She
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Ke Xue
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Xinhe Wu
- The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, 226002, China
| | - Lihua Xu
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, 226002, China
| | - Zhenglin Jiang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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Jiao C, Liu C, Yang Z, Jin C, Chen X, Xue J, Zhang G, Pan C, Jia J, Hou X. Brain Protection Effects of Mild Hypothermia Combined with Distant Ischemic Postconditioning and Thrombolysis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2024; 14:172-178. [PMID: 37668993 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2023.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the effectiveness and molecular mechanisms of mild hypothermia and remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPC) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) who have undergone thrombolysis therapy. A total of 58 AIS patients who received recombinant tissue plasmin activator (rt-PA) intravenous thrombolysis were included in this prospective study. Participants were randomly allocated to the experimental group (rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis plus mild hypothermic ice cap plus remote ischemic brain protection, n = 30) and the control group (rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis plus 0.9% saline, n = 28). The RIPC was performed for 14 consecutive days on both upper limb arteries spaced 2 minutes apart. Five cycles of ischemia-reperfusion were performed sequentially (2-2, 3-3, 4-4, 5-5, 5-0 minutes, respectively). The outcome measures of the National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score, volume of cerebral infarction, serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, nuclear factors kappa B (NF-κB), and NOD-1ike receptor pyrin 3 (NLRP3) were evaluated at different time points after treatment. Similarly, the 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores were compared between the two groups. After treatment, the NIHSS score, MDA, NF-κB, and NLRP3 levels in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). While the SOD in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.05), the NIHSS scores decreased within groups (all p < 0.05) in both experimental and control groups. The 90-day mRS score (0-2 points) in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (73.33% vs. 53.57%, p < 0.05) and no significant differences were observed in the safety indices between the two groups (all p > 0.05). Our study shows that combining mild hypothermia and RIPC has a positive effect on brain protection and can significantly reduce the oxidative stress and associated outburst of inflammatory response. The Clinical Trial Registration number is ChiCTR2300073136.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changping Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Cui Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Qingdao Huangdao District Central Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Qingdao West Coast New Area Disease Prevention and Control Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunfeng Jin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jujun Xue
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Chengli Pan
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jianrong Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaojun Hou
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
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Jin D, Dai Z, Zhao L, Ma T, Ma Y, Zhang Z. CYR61 is Involved in Neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Damage Via Modulating Astrocyte-mediated Neuroinflammation. Neuroscience 2024; 552:54-64. [PMID: 38908506 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The activation of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in astrocytes has been found in the hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) model. Cysteine rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61) is secreted by reactive astrocytes. However, the effects of CYR61 on HIBD and its related mechanisms remain unclear. This study sought to explore the role of CYR61 in the activation of astrocytes and the NLRP3 inflammasome in neonatal HIBD. HIBD models were established in 7-day Sprague-Dawley rat pups. Neurobehavioral evaluation and 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride staining were performed. In addition, rat primary astrocytes were used to establish the cell model of HIBD in vitro by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). Then, CYR61-overexpression and sh-CYR61 viruses mediated by lentivirus were transduced into ODG/R-treated primary astrocytes. The expressions of related genes were evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that hypoxia-ischemia induced short-term neurological deficits, neuronal damage, and cerebral infarction in neonatal rats. In vivo, the expressions of CYR61, NLRP3, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were up-regulated in the HIBD model. In vitro, CYR61 exhibited high expression. CYR61 overexpression increased the expressions of GFAP and C3, whereas decreased S100A10 expression. CYR61 overexpression increased the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 p20 and IL-1β. CYR61 overexpression activated NF-κB by promoting the phosphorylation of IκBα and p65. Thus, CYR61 is involved in neonatal HIBD progress, which may be related to the activation of astrocytes, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Jin
- Department of Neonatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhushan Dai
- Department of Neonatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Neonatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongyao Ma
- Department of Neonatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanru Ma
- Department of Neonatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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Artimovič P, Špaková I, Macejková E, Pribulová T, Rabajdová M, Mareková M, Zavacká M. The ability of microRNAs to regulate the immune response in ischemia/reperfusion inflammatory pathways. Genes Immun 2024; 25:277-296. [PMID: 38909168 PMCID: PMC11327111 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-024-00283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs play a crucial role in regulating the immune responses induced by ischemia/reperfusion injury. Through their ability to modulate gene expression, microRNAs adjust immune responses by targeting specific genes and signaling pathways. This review focuses on the impact of microRNAs on the inflammatory pathways triggered during ischemia/reperfusion injury and highlights their ability to modulate inflammation, playing a critical role in the pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Dysregulated expression of microRNAs contributes to the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion injury, therefore targeting specific microRNAs offers an opportunity to restore immune homeostasis and improve patient outcomes. Understanding the complex network of immunoregulatory microRNAs could provide novel therapeutic interventions aimed at attenuating excessive inflammation and preserving tissue integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Artimovič
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Špaková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ema Macejková
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Timea Pribulová
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Rabajdová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Mária Mareková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martina Zavacká
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Košice, Slovakia.
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Jiang Q, Ding Y, Li F, Fayyaz AI, Duan H, Geng X. Modulation of NLRP3 inflammasome-related-inflammation via RIPK1/RIPK3-DRP1 or HIF-1α signaling by phenothiazine in hypothermic and normothermic neuroprotection after acute ischemic stroke. Redox Biol 2024; 73:103169. [PMID: 38692093 PMCID: PMC11070764 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death worsen outcomes after revascularization in ischemic stroke. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) activated dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in a NLRPyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-dependent fashion and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α play key roles in the process. This study determined how phenothiazine drugs (chlorpromazine and promethazine (C + P)) with the hypothermic and normothermic modality impacts the RIPK1/RIPK3-DRP1 and HIF-1α pathways in providing neuroprotection. METHODS A total of 150 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 24 h reperfusion. 8 mg/kg of C + P was administered at onset of reperfusion. Infarct volumes, mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1α, RIPK1, RIPK3, DRP-1, NLRP3-inflammation and cytochrome c-apoptosis were assessed. Apoptotic cell death, infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, and mitochondrial function were evaluated. Interaction between RIPK1/RIPK3 and HIF-1α/NLRP3 were determined. In SH-SY5Y cells subjected to oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD), the normothermic effect of C + P on inflammation and apoptosis were examined. RESULTS C + P significantly reduced infarct volumes, mitochondrial dysfunction (ATP and ROS concentration, citrate synthase and ATPase activity), inflammation and apoptosis with and without induced hypothermia. Overexpression of RIPK1, RIPK3, DRP-1, NLRP3-inflammasome and cytochrome c-apoptosis were all significantly reduced by C + P at 33 °C and the RIPK1 inhibitor (Nec1s), suggesting hypothermic effect of C + P via RIPK1/RIPK3-DRP1pathway. When body temperature was maintained at 37 °C, C + P and HIF-1α inhibitor (YC-1) reduced HIF-1α expression, leading to reduction in mitochondrial dysfunction, NLRP3 inflammasome and cytochrome c-apoptosis, as well as the interaction of HIF-1α and NLRP3. These were also evidenced in vitro, indicating a normothermic effect of C + P via HIF-1α. CONCLUSION Hypothermic and normothermic neuroprotection of C + P involve different pathways. The normothermic effect was mediated by HIF-1α, while hypothermic effect was via RIPK1/RIPK3-DRP1 signaling. This provides a theoretical basis for future precise exploration of hypothermic and normothermic neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Fengwu Li
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Aminah I Fayyaz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Honglian Duan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Mateo SV, Vidal-Correoso D, Muñoz-Morales AM, Jover-Aguilar M, Alconchel F, de la Peña J, Martínez-Alarcón L, López-López V, Ríos-Zambudio A, Cascales P, Pons JA, Ramírez P, Pelegrín P, Baroja-Mazo A. Detection of inflammasome activation in liver tissue during the donation process as potential biomarker for liver transplantation. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:266. [PMID: 38816358 PMCID: PMC11139956 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Deceased donor liver transplantation (LT) is a crucial lifesaving option for patients with end-stage liver diseases. Although donation after brain death (DBD) remains the main source of donated organs, exploration of donation after circulatory death (DCD) addresses donor scarcity but introduces challenges due to warm ischemia. While technical advances have improved outcomes, challenges persist, with a 13% mortality rate within the first year. Delving into liver transplantation complexities reveals the profound impact of molecular signaling on organ fate. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation play a pivotal role, influencing inflammatory responses. The NLRP3 inflammasome, found in hepatocytes, contributes to inflammation, fibrosis, and liver cell death. This study explores these dynamics, shedding light on potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Samples from 36 liver transplant patients were analyzed for ASC specks detection and inflammasome-related gene expression. Liver biopsies, obtained before and after cold ischemia storage, were processed for immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and Western blot. One year post-LT clinical follow-up included diagnostic procedures for complications, and global survival was assessed. Immunofluorescence detected activated inflammasome complexes in fixed liver tissues. ASC specks were identified in hepatocytes, showing a trend toward more specks in DCD livers. Likewise, inflammasome-related gene expression analysis indicated higher expression in DCD livers, decreasing after cold ischemia. Similar results were found at protein level. Patients with increased ASC specks staining exhibited lower overall survival rates, correlating with IL1B expression after cold ischemia. Although preliminary, these findings offer novel insights into utilizing direct detection of inflammasome activation in liver tissue as a biomarker. They suggest its potential impact on post-transplant outcomes, potentially paving the way for improved diagnostic approaches and personalized treatment strategies in LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra V Mateo
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Daniel Vidal-Correoso
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana M Muñoz-Morales
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Jover-Aguilar
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Felipe Alconchel
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
- General Surgery and Abdominal Solid Organ Transplantation Unit, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús de la Peña
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
- Patology Unit, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Laura Martínez-Alarcón
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Víctor López-López
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
- General Surgery and Abdominal Solid Organ Transplantation Unit, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Ríos-Zambudio
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
- General Surgery and Abdominal Solid Organ Transplantation Unit, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Cascales
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
- General Surgery and Abdominal Solid Organ Transplantation Unit, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - José A Pons
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
- Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramírez
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
- General Surgery and Abdominal Solid Organ Transplantation Unit, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Pelegrín
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Baroja-Mazo
- Molecular Inflammation Group, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Pascual Parrilla), 30120, Murcia, Spain.
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Li L, Shi C, Dong F, Xu G, Lei M, Zhang F. Targeting pyroptosis to treat ischemic stroke: From molecular pathways to treatment strategy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112168. [PMID: 38688133 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the primary reason for human disability and death, but the available treatment options are limited. Hence, it is imperative to explore novel and efficient therapies. In recent years, pyroptosis (a pro-inflammatory cell death characterized by inflammation) has emerged as an important pathological mechanism in ischemic stroke that can cause cell death through plasma membrane rupture and release of inflammatory cytokines. Pyroptosis is closely associated with inflammation, which exacerbates the inflammatory response in ischemic stroke. The level of inflammasomes, GSDMD, Caspases, and inflammatory factors is increased after ischemic stroke, exacerbating brain injury by mediating pyroptosis. Hence, inhibition of pyroptosis can be a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. In this review, we have summarized the relationship between pyroptosis and ischemic stroke, as well as a series of treatments to attenuate pyroptosis, intending to provide insights for new therapeutic targets on ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Chonglin Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Mingcheng Lei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China.
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8
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Liu ZY, Tang F, Yang JZ, Chen X, Wang ZF, Li ZQ. The Role of Beta2-Microglobulin in Central Nervous System Disease. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:46. [PMID: 38743119 PMCID: PMC11093819 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders represent the leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide, and impose a substantial economic burden on society. In recent years, emerging evidence has found that beta2 -microglobulin (B2M), a subunit of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules, plays a crucial role in the development and progression in certain CNS diseases. On the one hand, intracellular B2M was abnormally upregulated in brain tumors and regulated tumor microenvironments and progression. On the other hand, soluble B2M was also elevated and involved in pathological stages in CNS diseases. Targeted B2M therapy has shown promising outcomes in specific CNS diseases. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary and discussion of recent advances in understanding the pathological processes involving B2M in CNS diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, aging, stroke, HIV-related dementia, glioma, and primary central nervous system lymphoma).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yuan Liu
- Brain Glioma Center & Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Brain Glioma Center & Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jin-Zhou Yang
- Brain Glioma Center & Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Brain Glioma Center & Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ze-Fen Wang
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Brain Glioma Center & Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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9
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Shen G, Lou C, Li Q, Zhao B, Luo Y, Wu F, Jiao D, Fang M, Geng Y. Edaravone dexborneol alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through NF-κB/NLRP3 signal pathway. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:372-384. [PMID: 37475155 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory injury following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) severely limits the efficacy of stroke treatment. Edaravone dexborneol (C.EDA) has been shown to reduce inflammation following a cerebral hemorrhage. However, the precise anti-inflammatory mechanism of C.EDA is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether C.EDA provides neuroprotection after I/R in rats, as well as the potential mechanisms involved. A middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (I/R) model was created using Sprague-Dawley rats. The blood flow of the central cerebral artery was monitored by a laser speckle imaging system. The neurological score was used to assess behavioral improvement. Cerebral infarction volume was measured by TTC staining. And the integrity of the blood-brain barrier was detected by Evan's blue staining. The expression of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB)/ the NOD-like receptor protein (NLRP3) inflammasome signal pathway and microglia polarization were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The cerebral blood flow ratio indicates that the cerebral I/R model was successfully established. After reperfusion for 72 h, the improvement of neurological scores, infarct volume reduction, and integrity of the blood-brain barrier was observed in I/R rats with C.EDA treatment. Meanwhile, the immunofluorescence result showed that the expression of iNOS, NLRP3, and NF-κB protein was decreased and the level of Arg1 was increased. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of NF-κB/NLRP3 signal pathway-related protein was decreased. In conclusion, this study indicates that C.EDA alleviates I/R injury by blocking the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and regulating the polarization of M1/M2 microglia via the NF-κB signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengjian Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Qunfeng Li
- Department of Medicine, QuZhou College of Technology, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingxin Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhuan Luo
- Department of Pediatric, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dian Jiao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Geng
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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10
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Liu L, Zhang J, Lu K, Zhang Y, Xu X, Deng J, Zhang X, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Wang X. ChemR23 signaling ameliorates brain injury via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuronal pyroptosis in ischemic stroke. J Transl Med 2024; 22:23. [PMID: 38178174 PMCID: PMC10768115 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04813-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory response has been recognized as a pivotal pathophysiological process during cerebral ischemia. ChemR23 signaling is involved in the pathophysiology of various inflammatory diseases. Nevertheless, the role of ChemR23 signaling in ischemic stroke remains largely unknown. METHODS Permanent ischemic stroke mouse model was accomplished by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Resolvin E1 (RvE1) or chemerin-9 (C-9), the agonists of ChemR23, were administered by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) injection before MCAO induction. Then, analysis of neurobehavioral deficits and brain sampling were done at Day 1 after MCAO. The brain samples were further analyzed by histological staining, immunofluorescence, RNA sequencing, ELISA, transmission electron microscope, and western blots. Furthermore, oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) was employed in SH-SY5Y to mimic MCAO in vitro, and ChemR23 signaling pathway was further studied by overexpression of ChemR23 or administration of related agonists or antagonists. Analysis of cell death and related pathway markers were performed. RESULTS ChemR23 expression was upregulated following MCAO. Under in vitro and in vivo ischemic conditions, ChemR23 deficiency or inhibition contributed to excessive NLRP3-mediated maturation and release of IL-1β and IL-18, as well as enhanced cleavage of GSDMD-N and neuronal pyroptosis. These influences ultimately aggravated brain injury and neuronal damage. On the other hand, ChemR23 activation by RvE1 or C-9 mitigated the above pathophysiological abnormalities in vivo and in vitro, and overexpression of ChemR23 in SH-SY5Y cells also rescued OGD-induced neuronal pyroptosis. Blockade of NLRP3 mimics the protective effects of ChemR23 activation in vitro. CONCLUSION Our data indicated that ChemR23 modulates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuronal pyroptosis in ischemic stroke. Activation of ChemR23 may serve as a promising potential target for neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaili Lu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangshan Deng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiuzhe Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Panbhare K, Pandey R, Chauhan C, Sinha A, Shukla R, Kaundal RK. Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Stroke Pathobiology: Current Therapeutic Avenues and Future Perspective. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:31-55. [PMID: 38118278 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a key pathophysiological feature of stroke-associated brain injury. A local innate immune response triggers neuroinflammation following a stroke via activating inflammasomes. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been heavily implicated in stroke pathobiology. Following a stroke, several stimuli have been suggested to trigger the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Recent studies have advanced the understanding and revealed several new players regulating NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation. This article discussed recent advancements in NLRP3 assembly and highlighted stroke-induced mitochondrial dysfunction as a major checkpoint to regulating NLRP3 activation. The NLRP3 inflammasome activation leads to caspase-1-dependent maturation and release of IL-1β, IL-18, and gasdermin D. In addition, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and downstream signaling has been shown to attenuate brain infarction and improve the neurological outcome in experimental models of stroke. Several drug-like small molecules targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome are in different phases of development as novel therapeutics for various inflammatory conditions, including stroke. Understanding how these molecules interfere with NLRP3 inflammasome assembly is paramount for their better optimization and/or development of newer NLRP3 inhibitors. In this review, we summarized the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome and discussed the recent advances in understanding the upstream regulators of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation following stroke. Additionally, we critically examined the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated signaling in stroke pathophysiology and the development of therapeutic modalities to target the NLRP3 inflammasome-related signaling for stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Panbhare
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP 226002, India
| | - Rukmani Pandey
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetics of Neurodegeneration, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Chandan Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP 226002, India
| | - Antarip Sinha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP 226002, India
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, UP 226002, India
| | - Ravinder K Kaundal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP 226002, India
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12
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Wang Q, Kohls W, Wills M, Li F, Pang Q, Geng X, Ding Y. A novel stroke rehabilitation strategy and underlying stress granule regulations through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14405. [PMID: 37580991 PMCID: PMC10805392 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dynamic changes in ischemic pathology after stroke suggested a "critical window" of enhanced neuroplasticity immediately after stroke onset. Although physical exercise has long been considered a promising strategy of stroke rehabilitation, very early physical exercise may exacerbate brain injury. Since remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) promotes neuroprotection and neuroplasticity, the present study combined RIC with sequential exercise to establish a new rehabilitation strategy for a better rehabilitative outcome. METHODS A total of 120 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used and divided into five groups: (1) sham, (2) stroke, (3) stroke with exercise, (4) stroke with RIC, and (5) stroke with RIC followed by exercise. Brain damage was evaluated by infarct volume, neurological deficit, cell death, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Long-term functional outcomes were determined by grid walk tests, rotarod tests, beam balance tests, forelimb placing tests, and the Morris water maze. Neuroplasticity was evaluated through measurements of both mRNA and protein levels of synaptogenesis (synaptophysin [SYN], post-synaptic density protein-95 [PSD-95], and brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF]) and angiogenesis (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], angiopoietin-1 [Ang-1], and angiopoietin-2 [Ang-2]). Inflammasome activation was measured by concentrations of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and IL-1β detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, mRNA expressions of NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC), IL-18 and IL-1β, and protein quantities of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, gasdermin D-N (GSDMD-N), and IL-18 and IL-1β. Stress granules (SGs), including GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (G3BP1), T cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA1), and DEAD-box RNA helicase 3X (DDX3X) were evaluated at mRNA and protein levels. The interactions between DDX3X with NLRP3 or G3BP1 were determined by immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Early RIC decreased infarct volumes, neurological deficits, cell death, and LDH activity at post-stroke Day 3 (p < 0.05). All treatment groups showed significant improvement in functional outcomes, including sensory, motor, and cognitive functions. RIC and exercise, as compared to RIC or physical exercise alone, had improved functional outcomes after stroke (p < 0.05), as well as synaptogenesis and angiogenesis (p < 0.05). RIC significantly reduced mRNA and protein expressions of NLRP3 (p < 0.05). SGs formation peaked at 0 h after ischemia, then progressively decreased until 24 h postreperfusion, which was reversed by RIC (p < 0.05). The assembly of SGs consumed DDX3X and then inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation. CONCLUSIONS RIC followed by exercise induced a better rehabilitation in ischemic rats, while early RIC alleviated ischemia-reperfusion injury via stress-granule-mediated inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhu Wang
- China‐America Institute of NeuroscienceBeijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wesley Kohls
- Department of NeurosurgeryWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Melissa Wills
- Department of NeurosurgeryWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Fengwu Li
- China‐America Institute of NeuroscienceBeijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qi Pang
- Department of NeurosurgeryWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial HospitalShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- China‐America Institute of NeuroscienceBeijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of NeurosurgeryWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of NeurosurgeryWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
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13
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Du X, Amin N, Xu L, Botchway BOA, Zhang B, Fang M. Pharmacological intervention of curcumin via the NLRP3 inflammasome in ischemic stroke. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1249644. [PMID: 37915409 PMCID: PMC10616488 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1249644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic-induced neuronal injury arises due to low oxygen/nutrient levels and an inflammatory response that exacerbates neuronal loss. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is an important regulator of inflammation after ischemic stroke, with its inhibition being involved in nerve regeneration. Curcumin, a main active ingredient in Chinese herbs, plays a positive role in neuronal repair and neuroprotection by regulating the NLRP3 signaling pathway. Nevertheless, the signaling mechanisms relating to how curcumin regulates NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammation and neural restoration following ischemic stroke are unknown. In this report, we summarize the main biological functions of the NLRP3 inflammasome along with the neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of curcumin via impairment of the NLRP3 pathway in ischemic brain injury. We also discuss the role of medicinal interventions that target the NLRP3 and potential pathways, as well as possible directions for curcumin therapy to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and hinder inflammation in ischemic stroke. This report conclusively demonstrates that curcumin has neuroprotective properties that inhibit inflammation and prevent nerve cell loss, thereby delaying the progression of ischemic brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Du
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nashwa Amin
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Linhao Xu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benson O. A. Botchway
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Centre for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Pharmacy Department, Bupa Cromwell Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Centre for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Zhu H, Zhang Y, Feng S, Li Y, Ye Y, Jian Z, Xiong X, Gu L. Trends in NLRP3 inflammasome research in ischemic stroke from 2011 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:2940-2954. [PMID: 37088947 PMCID: PMC10493663 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of permanent disability and death globally. The nucleotide-biding oligomaerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multi-protein complex that plays a role in ischemic stroke. Recently, research on the role of NLRP3 in ischemic stroke has developed rapidly worldwide. However, there is no bibliometric analysis of NLRP3 in ischemic stroke to date. AIM Through bibliometric analysis, the aim of this study was to assess the current state of research on NLRP3 in the field of ischemic stroke research worldwide over the past 12 years and to identify important results, major research areas, and emerging trends. METHODS Publications related to NLRP3 in ischemic stroke from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2022 were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). We used HistCite, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix for bibliometric analysis and visualization. The Total Global Citation Score (TGCS) was employed to assess the impact of publications. RESULTS We found that research of NLRP3 in ischemic stroke developed rapidly starting in 2011. 601 relevant studies have been published in 245 journals over the past 12 years. Journal of Neuroinflammation and International Immunopharmacology were the most productive journals and Journal of Neuroinflammation was the most cited journal. Additionally, Stroke and Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism were the most co-cited journal. The most productive country was China (records = 430) and the most productive university was the Zhejiang University (records = 24). Arumugam TV (TGCS = 949) was the most cited author in this field. NLRP3 inflammasome activation, nf-κb, oxidative stress, and inflammation were the knowledge bases for the research in this field. CONCLUSION This study is a scientometric study utilizing quantitative and qualitative methods to comprehensively review the publications on NLRP3 in ischemic stroke. This information provides a reference for scholars to further study NLRP3 in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhu
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Shi Feng
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yina Li
- Central LaboratoryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yingze Ye
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhihong Jian
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Central LaboratoryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lijuan Gu
- Central LaboratoryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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15
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Nazari S, Pourmand SM, Motevaseli E, Hassanzadeh G. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived exosomes in animal models of central nervous system diseases: Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:794-810. [PMID: 37278718 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome is a multimeric protein complex that is engaged in the innate immune system and plays a vital role in inflammatory reactions. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent release of proinflammatory cytokines can be triggered by microbial infection or cellular injury. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many disorders affecting the central nervous system (CNS), ranging from stroke, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and depression. Furthermore, emerging evidence has suggested that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their exosomes may modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a way that might be promising for the therapeutic management of CNS diseases. In the present review, particular focus is placed on highlighting and discussing recent scientific evidence regarding the regulatory effects of MSC-based therapies on the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and their potential to counteract proinflammatory responses and pyroptotic cell death in the CNS, thereby achieving neuroprotective impacts and improvement in behavioral impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Nazari
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Pourmand
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hassanzadeh
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Hou B, Li D, Wang D, Jiang C, Wang G, Wang D, Yan G, Guo X, Zhao L, Wan Z, Fan C, Cao W, Ren H. Neuroprotective Effects of Vinpocetine Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling Pathway. Neuroscience 2023; 526:74-84. [PMID: 37290685 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of serious disability and death worldwide. NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular pattern recognition receptor composed of polyprotein complex, which participates in mediating a series of inflammatory responses and is considered as a potential target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Vinpocetine, a derivative of vincamine, has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. However, the therapeutic mechanism of vinpocetine is not clear, and its effect on NLRP3 inflammasome remains to be determined. In this study, we used the mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) to simulate the occurrence of ischemic stroke. Different doses of vinpocetine (5, 10, 15 mg/kg/d) were injected intraperitoneally for 3 days after ischemia-reperfusion in mice. The effects of different doses of vinpocetine on the degree of ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice were observed by TTC staining and modified neurological severity score scale, and the optimal dose was determined. Then, based on this optimal dose, we observed the effects of vinpocetine on apoptosis, microglial proliferation and NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, we compared the effects of vinpocetine and MCC950 (a specific inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome) on NLRP3 inflammasome. Our results show that vinpocetine can effectively reduce the infarct volume and promote the recovery of behavioral function in stroke mice, and the maximal beneficial effects were observed at the dose of 10 mg/kg/d. Vinpocetine can effectively inhibit the apoptosis of peri-infarct neurons, promote the expression of Bcl-2, inhibit the expression of Bax and Cleaved Caspase-3, and reduce the proliferation of peri-infarct microglia. In addition, vinpocetine, like MCC950, can reduce the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome. Therefore, vinpocetine can effectively alleviate the ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice, and the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome may be an important therapeutic mechanism of vinpocetine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boru Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Donghai Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dengfeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guizhong Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Wan
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenlong Fan
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wencheng Cao
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haijun Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
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17
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Malhotra S, Miras MCM, Pappolla A, Montalban X, Comabella M. Liquid Biopsy in Neurological Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:1911. [PMID: 37508574 PMCID: PMC10378132 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The most recent and non-invasive approach for studying early-stage biomarkers is liquid biopsy. This implies the extraction and analysis of non-solid biological tissues (serum, plasma, saliva, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid) without undergoing invasive procedures to determine disease prognosis. Liquid biopsy can be used for the screening of several components, such as extracellular vesicles, microRNAs, cell-free DNA, cell-free mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, circulating tumour cells, circulating tumour DNA, transfer RNA, and circular DNA or RNA derived from body fluids. Its application includes early disease diagnosis, the surveillance of disease activity, and treatment response monitoring, with growing evidence for validating this methodology in cancer, liver disease, and central nervous system (CNS) disorders. This review will provide an overview of mentioned liquid biopsy components, which could serve as valuable biomarkers for the evaluation of complex neurological conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury, CNS tumours, and neuroinfectious diseases. Furthermore, this review highlights the future directions and potential limitations associated with liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Malhotra
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Martín Miras
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustín Pappolla
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Montalban
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Comabella
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Nguyen ST, Du D, Wychrij D, Cain MD, Wu Q, Klein RS, Russo I, Goldberg DE. Histidine-rich protein II nanoparticle delivery of heme iron load drives endothelial inflammation in cerebral malaria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306318120. [PMID: 37307435 PMCID: PMC10293821 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306318120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Histidine-rich protein II (HRPII) is secreted by Plasmodium falciparum during the blood stage of malaria infection. High plasma levels of HRPII are associated with cerebral malaria, a severe and highly fatal complication of malaria. HRPII has been shown to induce vascular leakage, the hallmark of cerebral malaria, in blood-brain barrier (BBB) and animal models. We have discovered an important mechanism for BBB disruption that is driven by unique features of HRPII. By characterizing serum from infected patients and HRPII produced by P. falciparum parasites in culture, we found that HRPII exists in large multimeric particles of 14 polypeptides that are richly laden with up to 700 hemes per particle. Heme loading of HRPII is required for efficient binding and internalization via caveolin-mediated endocytosis in hCMEC/D3 cerebral microvascular endothelial cells. Upon acidification of endolysosomes, two-thirds of the hemes are released from acid-labile binding sites and metabolized by heme oxygenase 1, generating ferric iron and reactive oxygen species. Subsequent activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β secretion resulted in endothelial leakage. Inhibition of these pathways with heme sequestration, iron chelation, or anti-inflammatory drugs protected the integrity of the BBB culture model from HRPII:heme. Increased cerebral vascular permeability was seen after injection of young mice with heme-loaded HRPII (HRPII:heme) but not with heme-depleted HRPII. We propose that during severe malaria infection, HRPII:heme nanoparticles in the bloodstream deliver an overwhelming iron load to endothelial cells to cause vascular inflammation and edema. Disrupting this process is an opportunity for targeted adjunctive therapies to reduce the morbidity and mortality of cerebral malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suong T. Nguyen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Daniel Du
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Daniel Wychrij
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Matthew D. Cain
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Qingping Wu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Robyn S. Klein
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Ilaria Russo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Daniel E. Goldberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
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19
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Li J, Xu P, Hong Y, Xie Y, Peng M, Sun R, Guo H, Zhang X, Zhu W, Wang J, Liu X. Lipocalin-2-mediated astrocyte pyroptosis promotes neuroinflammatory injury via NLRP3 inflammasome activation in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:148. [PMID: 37353794 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation is a vital pathophysiological process during ischemic stroke. Activated astrocytes play a major role in inflammation. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), secreted by activated astrocytes, promotes neuroinflammation. Pyroptosis is a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death that has emerged as a new area of research in stroke. Nevertheless, the potential role of LCN2 in astrocyte pyroptosis remains unclear. METHODS An ischemic stroke model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in vivo. In this study, in vitro, oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (O/R) were applied to cultured astrocytes. 24p3R (the LCN2 receptor) was inhibited by astrocyte-specific adeno-associated virus (AAV-GFAP-24p3Ri). MCC950 and Nigericin sodium salt (Nig) were used to inhibit or promote the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome pharmacologically, respectively. Histological and biochemical analyses were performed to assess astrocyte and neuron death. Additionally, the neurological deficits of mice were evaluated. RESULTS LCN2 expression was significantly induced in astrocytes 24 h after stroke onset in the mouse MCAO model. Lcn2 knockout (Lcn2-/-) mice exhibited reduced infarct volume and improved neurological and cognitive functions after MCAO. LCN2 and its receptor 24p3R were colocalized in astrocytes. Mechanistically, suppression of 24p3R by AAV-GFAP-24p3Ri alleviated pyroptosis-related pore formation and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines via LCN2, which was then reversed by Nig-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Astrocyte pyroptosis was exacerbated in Lcn2-/- mice by intracerebroventricular administration of recombinant LCN2 (rLCN2), while this aggravation was restricted by blocking 24p3R or inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation with MCC950. CONCLUSION LCN2/24p3R mediates astrocyte pyroptosis via NLRP3 inflammasome activation following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanji Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Ye Hong
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengna Peng
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hongquan Guo
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wusheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
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20
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Datta A, Suthar P, Sarmah D, Jadhav P, Shah J, Katamneni M, Bhosale N, Gupta V, Bohra M, Baidya F, Rana N, Ghosh B, Kaur H, Borah A, Rathod R, Sengupta P, Bhattacharya P. Inosine attenuates post-stroke neuroinflammation by modulating inflammasome mediated microglial activation and polarization. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166771. [PMID: 37286144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To date, various agents and molecules have been developed to treat post-stroke neuroinflammation; however, none of them are clinically successful. Post-stroke neuroinflammation is primarily attributed to microglial polarization as the generation of inflammasome complexes shifts microglia to their M1 phenotype and regulate the downstream cascade. Inosine, an adenosine derivative reported to maintain cellular energy homeostasis in stressed condition. Although, the exact mechanism is still unexplored, various studies have reported that it can stimulate axonal sprouting in different neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, our present study aims to decipher the molecular mechanism of inosine mediated neuroprotection by modulating inflammasome signaling towards altered microglial polarization in ischemic stroke. Inosine was administered intraperitoneally to male Sprague Dawley rats at 1 h post ischemic stroke and were further evaluated for neurodeficit score, motor coordination and long-term neuroprotection. Brains were harvested for infarct size estimation, biochemical assays and molecular studies. Inosine administration at 1 h post ischemic stroke decreased infarct size, neurodeficit score, and improved motor co-ordination. Normalization of biochemical parameters were achieved in the treatment groups. Microglial polarization towards its anti-inflammatory phenotype and modulation of inflammation were evident by relevant gene and protein expression studies. The outcome provides preliminary evidence of inosine mediated alleviation of post-stroke neuroinflammation via modulation of microglial polarization towards its anti-inflammatory form through regulating the inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pramod Suthar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Poonam Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Jinagna Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Mounika Katamneni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Nikhil Bhosale
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vishal Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Mariya Bohra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Falguni Baidya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Nikita Rana
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Bijoyani Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Rajeshwari Rathod
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pinaki Sengupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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21
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Tu XK, Chen PP, Chen JY, Ding YH, Chen Q, Shi SS. GLP-1R knockdown abrogates the protective effects of liraglutide on ischaemic stroke via inhibition of M2 polarisation and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by reducing Nrf2 activation. Neuropharmacology 2023:109603. [PMID: 37236529 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Liraglutide has been recently discovered to penetrate the blood-brain barrier to exert neuroprotective effects. However, relevant mechanisms of the protective effects of liraglutide on ischaemic stroke remain to be elucidated. This study examined the mechanism of GLP-1R in regulating the protective effect of liraglutide against ischaemic stroke. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) male Sprague-Dawley rat model with/without GLP-1R or Nrf2 knockdown was established and subjected to liraglutide treatment. Then neurological deficit and brain oedema of rats was evaluated and brain tissues were subjected to TTC, Nissl, TUNEL and immunofluorescence staining. Rat primary microglial cells firstly underwent lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, then GLP-1R or Nrf2 knockdown treatment, and finally Liraglutide treatment to research the NLRP3 activation. As a result, Liraglutide protected rats' brain tissues after MCAO, which attenuated brain oedema, infarct volume, neurological deficit score, neuronal apoptosis and Iba1 expression but enhanced live neurons. However, GLP-1R knockdown abrogated these protective effects of liraglutide on MCAO rats. According to in vitro experiments, Liraglutide promoted M2 polarisation, activated Nrf2 and inhibited NLRP3 activation in LPS-induced microglial cells, but GLP-1R or Nrf2 knockdown reversed these effects of Liraglutide on LPS-induced microglial cells. Further, Nrf2 knockdown counteracted the protection of liraglutide on MCAO rats, whereas sulforaphane (agonist of Nrf2) counteracted the effect of Nrf2 knockdown on liraglutide-treated MCAO rats. Collectively, GLP-1R knockdown abrogated the protection of liraglutide on MCAO rats by activating NLRP3 via inactivating Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Kun Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Neurosurgical Institute of Fujian Province, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
| | - Ping-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Neurosurgical Institute of Fujian Province, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Jing-Yi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Neurosurgical Institute of Fujian Province, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Yi-Hang Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Neurosurgical Institute of Fujian Province, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Neurosurgical Institute of Fujian Province, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Song-Sheng Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Neurosurgical Institute of Fujian Province, 29# Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
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22
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Tan Z, Dong F, Wu L, Feng Y, Zhang M, Zhang F. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Alleviates Brain Ischemic Injury by Regulating Neuronal Oxidative Stress, Pyroptosis, and Mitophagy. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:5677865. [PMID: 37101593 PMCID: PMC10125764 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5677865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As a noninvasive treatment, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been utilized to treat various diseases in clinic. However, whether TENS can be an effective intervention in the acute stage of ischemic stroke still remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether TENS could alleviate brain infarct volume, reduce oxidative stress and neuronal pyroptosis, and activate mitophagy following ischemic stroke. Methods TENS was performed at 24 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) in rats for 3 consecutive days. Neurological scores, the volume of infarction, and the activity of SOD, MDA, GSH, and GSH-px were measured. Moreover, western blot was performed to detect the related protein expression, including Bcl-2, Bax, TXNIP, GSDMD, caspase-1, NLRP3, BRCC3, HIF-1α, BNIP3, LC3, and P62. Real-time PCR was performed to detect NLRP3 expression. Immunofluorescence was performed to detect the levels of LC3. Results There was no significant difference of neurological deficit scores between the MCAO group and the TENS group at 2 h after MCAO/R operation (P > 0.05), while the neurological deficit scores of TENS group significantly decreased in comparison with MCAO group at 72 h following MACO/R injury (P < 0.05). Similarly, TENS treatment significantly reduced the brain infarct volume compared with the MCAO group (P < 0.05). Moreover, TENS decreased the expression of Bax, TXNIP, GSDMD, caspase-1, BRCC3, NLRP3, and P62 and the activity of MDA as well as increasing the level of Bcl-2, HIF-1α, BNIP3, and LC3 and the activity of SOD, GSH, and GSH-px (P < 0.05). Conclusions In conclusion, our results indicated that TENS alleviated brain damage following ischemic stroke via inhibiting neuronal oxidative stress and pyroptosis and activating mitophagy, possibly via the regulation of TXNIP, BRCC3/NLRP3, and HIF-1α/BNIP3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Tan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 05005, China
| | - Linyu Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yashuo Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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23
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Yao RQ, Chen F, Liu J, Li FQ, Wang SS, Zhang YY, Lu YY, Hu FF. β2-Microglobulin exacerbates neuroinflammation, brain damage, and cognitive impairment after stroke in rats. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:603-608. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.350204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Cyr B, de Rivero Vaccari JP. Methods to Study Inflammasome Activation in the Central Nervous System: Immunoblotting and Immunohistochemistry. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2696:223-238. [PMID: 37578726 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3350-2_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that is responsible for mounting an innate immune response through the activation of caspase-1 and the cleavage of interleukin-1β. This multiprotein complex plays an important role in a variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases and conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and traumatic brain injury, among others. Here we describe methodological procedures to carry out immunoblotting and immunohistochemical techniques used to study inflammasome signaling in CNS tissues (brain and spinal cord).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Cyr
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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25
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Chiang MC, Nicol CJB, Lo SS, Hung SW, Wang CJ, Lin CH. Resveratrol Mitigates Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation-Induced Inflammation, NLRP3 Inflammasome, and Oxidative Stress in 3D Neuronal Culture. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911678. [PMID: 36232980 PMCID: PMC9570351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) can produce hypoxia-induced neurotoxicity and is a mature in vitro model of hypoxic cell damage. Activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates a downstream pathway that substantially increases bioenergy production, which may be a key player in physiological energy and has also been shown to play a role in regulating neuroprotective processes. Resveratrol is an effective activator of AMPK, indicating that it may have therapeutic potential as a neuroprotective agent. However, the mechanism by which resveratrol achieves these beneficial effects in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to OGD-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in a 3D gelatin scaffold remains unclear. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effect of resveratrol in 3D gelatin scaffold cells to understand its neuroprotective effects on NF-κB signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome, and oxidative stress under OGD conditions. Here, we show that resveratrol improves the expression levels of cell viability, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18), NF-κB signaling, and NLRP3 inflammasome, that OGD increases. In addition, resveratrol rescued oxidative stress, nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), and Nrf2 downstream antioxidant target genes (e.g., SOD, Gpx GSH, catalase, and HO-1). Treatment with resveratrol can significantly normalize OGD-induced changes in SH-SY5Y cell inflammation, oxidative stress, and oxidative defense gene expression; however, these resveratrol protective effects are affected by AMPK antagonists (Compounds C) blocking. These findings improve our understanding of the mechanism of the AMPK-dependent protective effect of resveratrol under 3D OGD-induced inflammation and oxidative stress-mediated cerebral ischemic stroke conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chang Chiang
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242304, Taiwan
| | - Christopher J. B. Nicol
- Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Departments of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Division, Cancer Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Shy-Shyong Lo
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242304, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Wei Hung
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242304, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ju Wang
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242304, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lin
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongxing Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10341, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242304, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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26
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Guo X, Zhang Y, Liu C, Ren L, Gao S, Bi J, Liang J, Wang P. Intranasal administration of β‐1, 3‐galactosyltransferase 2 confers neuroprotection against ischemic stroke by likely inhibiting oxidative stress and
NLRP3
inflammasome activation. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22542. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200456rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Guo
- Department of Neurobiology and Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Liaoning Province Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Liaoning Province Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Liaoning Province Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou China
| | - Lili Ren
- Department of Neurobiology and Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Liaoning Province Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Neurobiology and Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Liaoning Province Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou China
| | - Jing Bi
- Department of Neurobiology and Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Liaoning Province Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou China
| | - Jia Liang
- Institute of Life Science Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Liaoning Province Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou China
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27
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Yu X, Yu C, He W. Emerging trends and hot spots of NLRP3 inflammasome in neurological diseases: A bibliometric analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:952211. [PMID: 36160384 PMCID: PMC9490172 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.952211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: NLRP3 inflammasome has been of great interest in the field of neurological diseases. To visualize the research hotspots and evolutionary trends in this area, we collected the relevant articles in the Web of Science Core Collection database from 2010 to 2022 and analyzed them using CiteSpace software. Methods: We performed a systematic search of the literature within the Web of Science Core Collection database using the strategy described below: TS = NLRP3 inflammasome AND TS = neurological diseases OR TS = neurological disorder OR TS = brain disorder OR TS = brain injury OR TS = central nervous system disease OR TS = CNS disease OR TS = central nervous system disorder OR TS = CNS disorder AND Language = English from 2010 to 2022. The type of literature was limited to articles and reviews. The data were processed using CiteSpace software (version 5.8. R3). Results: A total of 1,217 literature from 67 countries/regions and 337 research institutions was retrieved. Publications in this area have increased rapidly since 2013. China presents the highest number of published articles, but the United States has a higher centrality and h-index. The top five most published institutions and authors are from China, Zhejiang University and Li Y ranking first, respectively. Of the ten most cited articles, Prof. Heneka MT and colleagues accounted for three of them. In terms of the co-occurrence keyword diagram, the five most frequent keywords are “nlrp3 inflammasome”, “activation”, “oxidative stress”, “expression”, and “alzheimers disease”. Conclusion: The research of NLRP3 inflammasome in neurological disorders is overall developing well. Chinese scholars contributed the most significant number of articles, while researchers from developed countries presented more influential papers. The importance of NLRP3 inflammasome in neurological diseases is widely appreciated, and the mechanism is under study. Moreover, NLRP3 inflammasome is emerging as a promising therapeutic target in treating neurological disorders. However, despite decades of research, our understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome in central nervous system diseases is still lacking. More and more profound research is needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chuan Yu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenfang He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Wenfang He,
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Yao M, Luo Y, Li H, Liao S, Yu J. LncRNA Tug1 Contributes Post-stroke NLRP3 Inflammasome-Dependent Pyroptosis via miR-145a-5p/Tlr4 Axis. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6701-6712. [PMID: 35989413 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03000-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Pyroptosis, a type of programmed cell death illuminated by inflammasomes and active caspases, is implicated in post-stroke inflammation. Our previous study showed that lncRNA taurine upregulated gene 1 (Tug1) sponging miR-145a-5p modulated microglial activation after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). However, the role and mechanism of Tug1 on post-stroke pyroptosis is not fully clear. Photo-thrombosis stroke mice and OGD-treated BV-2 microglia were established respectively. Tug1 knockdown or overexpression was achieved by intraventricular infusion of AAV-shTug1 in vivo, or transfection of siTug1 and pcDNA3.1-Tug1 in vitro. Neurological function and infarction volume were evaluated. Meanwhile, pyroptosis-associated proteins (IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, and GSDMD-N), TLR4, and p-p65/p65 as well as Tug1 and miR-145a-5p were detected 24 h after photo-thrombosis or 4 h after OGD by qRT-PCR, western blot, and ELISA. The correlation between Tug1/miR-145a-5p/Tlr4 axis and pyroptosis was explored by dual-luciferase reporter assay and functional gain-and-loss experiments. Photo-thrombosis or OGD caused neural injury and upregulated pyroptosis-associated proteins, Tug1, TLR4, and p-p65 as well as downregulated miR-145a-5p, which was prevented by Tug1 knockdown in vivo and in vitro. Tlr4 gene, putatively binding with miR-145a-5p by bioinformatics analysis, was found to be a direct target of miR-145a-5p with negative interactions. Furthermore, miR-145a-5p inhibitor abolished the inhibitive effects of siTug1 on TLR4 and p-p65 as well as pyroptosis-associated proteins, whereas miR-145a-5p mimics abrogated the enhanced effects of pcDNA3.1-Tug1 on that, suggesting an involvement of Tug1/miR-145a-5p/Tlr4 axis on pyroptosis. Tug1 contributes NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis through miR-145a-5p/Tlr4 axis post-stroke, providing a promising therapeutic strategy against inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Yao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hongjie Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Songjie Liao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Reduced Neuroinflammation by Inhibiting Inflammasome in Microglia in Mice after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12081244. [PMID: 36013423 PMCID: PMC9410391 DOI: 10.3390/life12081244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response is one of the key events in cerebral ischemia, causing secondary brain injury and neuronal death. Studies have shown that the NLRP3 inflammasome is a key factor in initiating the inflammatory response and that Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) can attenuate the inflammatory response and improve neuronal repair during ischemic stroke. However, whether NBP attenuates the inflammatory response via inhibition of NLRP3 remains unclear. A 90 min middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in 62 2-month-old adult male ICR mice, and NBP was administered by gavage zero, one, or two days after ischemia. Brain infarct volume, neurological deficits, NLRP3, microglia, and neuronal death were examined in sacrificed mice to explore the correction between NBP effects and NLRP3 expression. NBP significantly reduced infarct volume and attenuated neurological deficits after ischemic stroke compared to controls (p < 0.05). Moreover, it inhibited ASC+ microglia activation and NLRP3 and CASP1 expression in ischemic mice. In addition, neuronal apoptosis was reduced in NBP-treated microglia cultures (p < 0.05). Our results indicate that NBP attenuates the inflammatory response in ischemic mouse brains, suggesting that NBP protects against microglia activation via the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Tao YW, Yang L, Chen SY, Zhang Y, Zeng Y, Wu JS, Meng XL. Pivotal regulatory roles of traditional Chinese medicine in ischemic stroke via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115316. [PMID: 35513214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Many studies have demonstrated the powerful neuroprotection abilities of multiple traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) against NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated ischemic cerebral injury. These TCMs may be in the form of TCM prescriptions, Chinese herbal medicines and their extracts, and TCM monomers. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aimed to analyze and summarize the existing knowledge on the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS). We also summarized the mechanism of action of the various TCMs on the NLRP3 inflammasome, which may provide new insights for the management of IS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed recently published articles by setting the keywords "NLRP3 inflammasome" and "traditional Chinese medicines" along with "ischemic stroke"; "NLRP3 inflammasome" and "ischemic stroke" along with "natural products" and so on in Pubmed and GeenMedical. RESULTS According to recent studies, 16 TCM prescriptions (officially authorized products and clinically effective TCM prescriptions), 7 Chinese herbal extracts, and 29 TCM monomers show protective effects against IS through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptotic, and anti-mitochondrial autophagy effects. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we analyzed studies on the involvement of NLRP3 in IS therapy. Further, we comprehensively and systematically summarized the current knowledge to provide a reference for the further application of TCMs in the treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shi-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jia-Si Wu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xian-Li Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Xie N, Fan F, Jiang S, Hou Y, Zhang Y, Cairang N, Wang X, Meng X. Rhodiola crenulate alleviates hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury via adjusting NF-κB/NLRP3-mediated inflammation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 103:154240. [PMID: 35691080 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhodiola crenulate (R. crenulate), a famous Tibetan medicine, has been demonstrated to possess superiorly protective effects in high-altitude hypoxic brain injury (HHBI). However, its mechanisms on HHBI are still largely unknown. METHODS Herein, the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of R. crenulate on HHBI of BABL/c mice were explored through in vivo experiments. The mice model of HHBI was established using an animal hypobaric and hypoxic chamber. R. crenulate extract (RCE) (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg) was given by gavage for 7 days. Pathological changes and neuronal viability of mice hippocampus and cortex were evaluated using H&E and Nissl staining, respectively. The brain water content (BWC) in mice was determined by calculating the ratio of dry to wet weight of brain tissue. And serum of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH-Px) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were detected via commercial biochemical kits. Synchronously, the contents of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), lactic acid (LA), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), pyruvate kinase (PK), Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPcase, Na+-K+-ATPcase, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in brain tissue were quantitative analysis by corresponding ELISA assay. Subsequently, NLRP3, ZO-1, claudin-5, occluding, p-p65, p65, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, caspase-1 and IL-18 were determined by immunofluorescent and western blot analyses. RESULTS The results demonstrated that RCE remarkably alleviated pathological damage, BWC, as well enhanced neuronal viability. Furthermore, the oxidative stress injuries were reversely abrogated after RCE treatment, evidenced by the increases of SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC, while the decreases of MDA and LDH contents. Marvelously, the administration of RCE rectified and balanced the abnormal energy metabolism via elevating the levels of ATP, SDH, PK, Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPcase and Na+-K+-ATPcase, and lowering LA. Simultaneously, the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, claudin-5 and occludin) was enhanced, illustrating RCE treatment might maintain the integrity of blood-brain barrier (BBB). Additionally, RCE treatment confined the contents of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, and attenuated fluorescent signal of NLRP3 protein. Concurrently, the results of western blot indicated that RCE treatment dramatically restrained p-p65/p65, ASC, NLRP3, cleaved-caspase-1/caspase-1 and IL-18 protein expressions in brain tissues of mice. CONCLUSION RCE may afford a protectively intervention in HHBI of mice through suppressing the oxidative stress, improving energy metabolism and the integrity of BBB, and subsiding inflammatory responses via the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. As a promising agent for the treatment of mice HHBI, the deep-crossing molecular mechanisms of R. crenulate still needs to be further elucidated to identify novel core hub targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xie
- School of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, and Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Fangfang Fan
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shengnan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ya Hou
- School of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, and Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | | | - Xiaobo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xianli Meng
- School of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, and Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Investigating the AC079305/DUSP1 Axis as Oxidative Stress-Related Signatures and Immune Infiltration Characteristics in Ischemic Stroke. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8432352. [PMID: 35746962 PMCID: PMC9213160 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8432352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress (OS) and immune inflammation play complex intersections in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke (IS). However, a competing endogenous RNA- (ceRNA-) based mechanism linked to the intersections in IS has not been explored. We aimed to identify potential OS-related signatures and analyze immune infiltration characteristics in IS. Methods Three datasets (GSE22255, GSE110993, and GSE140275) from the GEO database were extracted. Differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, and messenger RNAs (DElncRNAs, DEmiRNAs, and DEmRNAs) between IS patients and controls were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were explored. Moreover, a triple ceRNA network was constructed to reveal transcriptional regulation mechanisms. A comprehensive strategy among least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, DEmRNAs, uprelated DEmRNAs, and OS-related genes was adopted to select the best signature. Then, we evaluated and verified the discriminant ability of the signature via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Immune infiltration characteristics were explored via the CIBERSORT algorithm. Moreover, the best signature was verified via qPCR and western blot methods in rat brain tissues and PC12 cells. Results 11 DEmRNAs were identified totally. Enrichment analysis showed that the DEmRNAs were primarily concentrated in MAPK-associated biological processes and immune or inflammation-involved pathways. DUSP1 was identified as the best signature with an area under the ROC curve of 73.5% (95%CI = 57.02-89.98, sensitivity = 95%, and specificity = 60%) in GSE22255 and 100.0% (95%CI = 100.00-100.00, sensitivity = 100%, and specificity = 100%) in GSE140275. Importantly, we also identified the AC079305/DUSP1 axis in the ceRNA network. Immune infiltration showed that resting mast cells infiltrate less in IS patients compared with controls. And DUSP1 was negatively correlated with resting mast cells (r = −0.703, P < 0.01), whereas it was positively correlated with neutrophils (r = 0.339, P < 0.05). Both in vivo and in vitro models confirmed the upregulated expression of DUSP1 and the downregulated expression of miR-429. Conclusion This study identified the ceRNA-based AC079305/DUSP1 axis as a promising OS-related signature for IS. Immune infiltrating cells, especially mast cells, may exert a pivotal role in IS progression. Pharmacological agents targeting signatures, their receptors, or mast cells may shed a novel light on therapeutic targets for IS.
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Li WQ, Qin ZS, Chen S, Cheng D, Yang SC, Choi YMM, Chu B, Zhou WH, Zhang ZJ. Hirudin alleviates acute ischemic stroke by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation: In vivo and in vitro approaches. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:108967. [PMID: 35724604 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke is a severe condition that a vessel supplying blood to the brain is abruptly blocked mostly due to cerebral thrombosis and embolism. There is a dearth of the effective prevention and early intervention strategies. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. Hirudin is a secretion from the salivary glands of the leech Hirudo medicinalis and has a role in regulating inflammation. In this study, hirudin with a dose of 10-40 mg/kg was given to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion mice. Hirudin markedly constrained cerebral infarct area in a dose-dependent manner, and significantly improved locomotor disability at 40 mg/kg dose. Similar to MCC950, a selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, hirudin inhibited M1 polarization and promoted M2 polarization. It also strikingly suppressed the ischemia-induced overexpression of NLRP3 and its downstream components, caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Hirudin and MCC950 equivalently protected viability and death of BV-2 microglia cells against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R), an in vitro cell model of brain ischemia. Both agents had similar effects in normalizing the OGD/R-evoked aberrant microglial profiles and NLRP3 pathway dysregulation as observed in the mice. These results demonstrated anti-ischemic effects of hirudin and its association with the inhibition of microglial NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation. Hirudin is a promising agent for the early intervention of acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital (HKU-SZH), Shenzhen, China
| | - Zong-Shi Qin
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Cheng
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Si-Chang Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Buggic Chu
- JINKANGDAOFU Bio-Technology Limited Co., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei-Hai Zhou
- Guangxi KeyKen Research Institute of Natural Hirudin, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital (HKU-SZH), Shenzhen, China.
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Zhang Y, Chen R, Hu Q, Wang J, Nie H, Yin C, Li Y, Wei H, Liu B, Tai Y, Fang J, Shao X, Jin X, Fang J, Liu B. Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Mechanical Allodynia of a Rat Model of CRPS-I via Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn Neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:826777. [PMID: 35693886 PMCID: PMC9174662 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.826777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome type-I (CRPS-I) is a chronic neurological disorder that results in severe pain and affects patients' life quality. Conventional therapies usually lack effectiveness. Electroacupuncture (EA) is an effective physical therapy for relieving CRPS-I pain. However, the mechanism underlying EA-induced analgesia on CRPS-I still remain unknown. Spinal NLRP3 inflammasome was recently identified to contribute to pain and neuroinflammation in a rat model of CRPS-I by our group. Here, we aimed to study whether EA could inhibit spinal NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thus resulting in pain relief and attenuation of spinal neuroinflammation in the rat model of CRPS-I. We established the rat chronic post-ischemic pain (CPIP) model to mimic CRPS-I. CPIP rats developed remarkable mechanical allodynia that could be relieved by daily EA intervention. NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) of CPIP rats, accompanied with over-production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Immunostaining revealed that the cellular distribution of NLRP3 was predominantly located in SCDH neurons. Pharmacological activation of NLRP3 inflammasome per se is sufficient to produce persistent mechanical allodynia in naïve animals, whereas blocking NLRP3 inflammasome attenuates mechanical allodynia of CPIP rats. EA exclusively reduced NLRP3 overexpression in SCDH neurons and attenuated spinal glial cell over-activation in CPIP rats. EA-induced anti-allodynia with attenuation of spinal glial cell over-activation were all mimicked by intrathecal blocking NLRP3 inflammasome and reversed by activating NLRP3 inflammasome, respectively, through pharmacological methods. Finally, spinal blocking IL-1β attenuated mechanical allodynia and spinal glial cell over-activation in CPIP rats, resembling the effects of EA. In all, these results demonstrate that spinal NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to mechanical allodynia of the rat model of CRPS-I and EA ameliorates mechanical allodynia through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in SCDH neurons. Our study further supports EA can be used as an effective treatment for CRPS-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruixiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute of Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qimiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Nie
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengyu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huina Wei
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Tai
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Shao
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Jin
- Department of Acupuncture, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqing Jin
| | - Jianqiao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Jianqiao Fang
| | - Boyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Boyi Liu
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Chang JF, Kuo HL, Liu SH, Hsieh CY, Hsu CP, Hung KC, Wang TM, Wu CC, Lu KC, Lin WN, Hung CF, Ko WC. Translational Medicine in Uremic Vascular Calcification: Scavenging ROS Attenuates p-Cresyl Sulfate-Activated Caspase-1, NLRP3 Inflammasome and Eicosanoid Inflammation in Human Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050769. [PMID: 35629435 PMCID: PMC9147867 DOI: 10.3390/life12050769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We formerly proved that uremic vascular calcification (UVC) correlates tightly with oxidative elastic lamina (EL) injury and two cell fates (apoptosis and osteocytic conversion) in smooth muscle cells (SMC) of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and eliminating p-cresyl sulfate (PCS)-activated intracellular ROS ameliorates the MAPK signaling pathway in a human arterial SMC (HASMC) model. Nonetheless, whether ROS scavenger attenuates PCS-triggered inflammasome activation and eicosanoid inflammation in the UVC process remains unknown. Patients with lower extremity amputation were categorized into CKD and normal control group according to renal function. We used immunohistochemistry stain to analyze UVC in arterial specimens, including oxidative injury (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and internal EL disruption), cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), caspase-1 and NLRP3. To simulate the patho-mechanism of human UVC, the therapeutic effects of ROS scavenger on PCS-triggered inflammatory pathways was explored in a HASMC model. We found CKD patients had higher circulating levels of PCS and an increase in medial arterial calcification than the control group. In CKD arteries, the severity of UVC corresponded with expressions of oxidative EL disruption and 8-OHdG. Furthermore, coupling expressions of cPLA2 and COX2 were accentuated in CKD arteries, indicative of eicosanoid inflammation. Notably, tissue expressions of IL-1β, caspase-1 and NLRP3 were enhanced in parallel with UVC severity, indicative of inflammasome activation. From bedside to bench, ROS scavenger attenuates PCS-activated expressions of cPLA2/COX2, pro-caspase-1 and NLRP3 in the HASMC model. UVC as an inevitable outcome is predictive of death in CKD patients. Nonetheless, UVC remain pharmacoresistant despite the evolution of treatment for mineral-parathyroid hormone-vitamin D axis. Beyond the mineral dysregulation, the stimulation of pro-oxidant PCS alone results in eicosanoid inflammation and inflammasome activation. Concerning the key role of Caspase-1 in pyroptosis, cell fates of HASMC in uremic milieu are not limited to apoptosis and osteogenesis. In view of this, reducing ROS and PCS may act as a therapeutic strategy for UVC-related cardiovascular events in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Feng Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan; (J.-F.C.); (C.-Y.H.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Armfulcare Hospital, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan City 330, Taiwan;
| | - Hsiao-Ling Kuo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Hao Liu
- Division of Pathology, Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Yu Hsieh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan; (J.-F.C.); (C.-Y.H.)
- Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ping Hsu
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chin Hung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan City 330, Taiwan;
| | - Ting-Ming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Chin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan;
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institution of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Chin Ko
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan;
- Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or
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Zhang A, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Lenahan C, Xu H, Jiang J, Yuan L, Wang L, Xu Y, Chen S, Fang Y, Zhang J. The Role of Caspase Family in Acute Brain Injury: The Potential Therapeutic Targets in the Future. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1194-1211. [PMID: 34766893 PMCID: PMC9886824 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666211111121146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The caspase family is commonly involved in the pathophysiology of acute brain injury (ABI) through complex apoptotic, pyroptotic, and inflammatory pathways. Current translational strategies for caspase modulation in ABI primarily focus on caspase inhibitors. Because there are no caspase-inhibiting drugs approved for clinical use on the market, the development of caspase inhibitors remains an attractive challenge for researchers and clinicians. Therefore, we conducted the present review with the aim of providing a comprehensive introduction of caspases in ABI. In this review, we summarized the available evidence and potential mechanisms regarding the biological function of caspases. We also reviewed the therapeutic effects of caspase inhibitors on ABI and its subsequent complications. However, various important issues remain unclear, prompting further verification of the efficacy and safety regarding clinical application of caspase inhibitors. We believe that our work will be helpful to further understand the critical role of the caspase family and will provide novel therapeutic potential for ABI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; ,These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; ,These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Yibo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; ,These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA;
| | - Houshi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;
| | | | | | | | - Yuanzhi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;
| | - Yuanjian Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; ,Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; E-mail:
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; ,Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; E-mail:
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Jia H, Qi X, Fu L, Wu H, Shang J, Qu M, Yang C, Wang J. NLRP3
inflammasome inhibitor ameliorates ischemic stroke by reprogramming the phenotype of microglia/macrophage in a murine model of distal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neuropathology 2022; 42:181-189. [PMID: 35434787 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongning Jia
- Department of Neurology Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou China
| | - Xiaoyuan Qi
- Department of Neurology Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou China
| | - Lan Fu
- Department of Imaging Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou China
| | - Huijun Wu
- Department of Neurology Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou China
| | - Jinxing Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou China
| | - Mingwei Qu
- Department of Neurology Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou China
| | - Chaoping Yang
- Department of Neurology Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Neurology Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou China
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Inhibition of PRMT5 Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Infammation and Pyroptosis Through Suppression of NF-κB/NLRP3 Axis. Neurosci Lett 2022; 776:136576. [PMID: 35278646 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein methylation is a prevalent post-translational modification after cerebral ischemia. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is a type of methyltransferase enzyme that can catalyse the formation of methylated residues on histones and non-histone proteins. Accumulating evidence suggested that PRMT5 might play a carcinogenic role in various cancers. However, the role of PRMT5 in cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear. In this project, middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model in mice and oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were utilized to mimic disease state of cerebral I/R. We found that expression of inflammatory-related factors [Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6)] and pyroptotic-related factor [N-term cleaved Gasdermin-D (GSDMD-N)] were up-regulated in both MCAO/R mice and OGD/R SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, both in vivo and in vitro, PRMT5 was aberrantly upregulated during cerebral I/R. However, these alterations induced by I/R were blocked by PRMT5 inhibitor LLY-283, and enhanced by overexpression of PRMT5. Furthermore, rescue experiment proved that PRMT5 plays a pro-inflammatory and pro-pyroptotic role by activating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domainlike receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) axis. Finally, we observed that treatment of LLY-283 alleviated neurological deficits and reduced infarct volume in the MCAO/R mice. Taken together, PRMT5 may be a potential therapeutic target for cerebral I/R injury.
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The neuroprotective mechanism of lithium after ischaemic stroke. Commun Biol 2022; 5:105. [PMID: 35115638 PMCID: PMC8814028 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke causes degeneration and death of neurones leading to the loss of motor function and frequent occurrence of cognitive impairment and depression. Lithium (Li+), the archetypal mood stabiliser, is neuroprotective in animal models of stroke, albeit underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We discover that Li+ inhibits activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke model in mice. This action of Li+ is mediated by two signalling pathways of AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin and AKT/FoxO3a/β-catenin which converge in suppressing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using immunocytochemstry, MRI imaging, and cell sorting with subsequent mRNA and protein quantification, we demonstrate that Li+ decreases the infarct volume, improves motor function, and alleviates associated cognitive and depressive impairments. In conclusion, this study reveals molecular mechanisms of Li+ neuroprotection during brain ischaemia, thus providing the theoretical background to extend clinical applications of Li+ for treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Liu J, Ma W, Zang CH, Wang GD, Zhang SJ, Wu HJ, Zhu KW, Xiang XL, Li CY, Liu KP, Guo JH, Li LY. Salidroside inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis in microglia induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 9:1694. [PMID: 34988203 PMCID: PMC8667139 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-5752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an important mediator of neuroinflammatory responses that regulates inflammatory injury following cerebral ischemia and may be a potential target. Salidroside (Sal) has good anti-inflammatory effects; however, it remains unclear whether Sal can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway after cerebral ischemia to alleviate inflammatory injury. Methods We established an oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) model of BV2 cells and a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay were used to detect the viability and apoptosis of BV2 cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the level of inflammatory factors. 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) were used to detect cerebral infarction volume and neurological deficit in rats. Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the protein expression levels. Results Our results showed that Sal increased viability, inhibited lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and reduced apoptosis in OGD/R-induced BV2 cells. Sal reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8. Following induction by OGD/R, BV2 cells exhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and increased protein levels of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18. Protein levels of key TLR4 signaling pathway elements, such as TLR4, myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B p65 (p-NF-κB p65)/NF-κB p65 were upregulated. Interestingly, it was revealed that Sal could reverse these changes. In addition, TAK242, a specific inhibitor of TLR4, had the same effect as Sal treatment on BV2 cells following induction by OGD/R. In the MCAO/R rat model, Sal was also observed to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia, reduce cerebral infarction volume, and inhibit apoptosis. Conclusions In summary, we found that Sal inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis in microglia induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, thus playing a protective role. Therefore, Sal may be a promising drug for the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Zang
- Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Guo-Dong Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Si-Jia Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Jie Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ke-Wei Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiang-Lin Xiang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Kuang-Pin Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jian-Hui Guo
- Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Li-Yan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Cliff CL, Williams BM, Chadjichristos CE, Mouritzen U, Squires PE, Hills CE. Connexin 43: A Target for the Treatment of Inflammation in Secondary Complications of the Kidney and Eye in Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:600. [PMID: 35054783 PMCID: PMC8776095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Of increasing prevalence, diabetes is characterised by elevated blood glucose and chronic inflammation that precedes the onset of multiple secondary complications, including those of the kidney and the eye. As the leading cause of end stage renal disease and blindness in the working population, more than ever is there a demand to develop clinical interventions which can both delay and prevent disease progression. Connexins are membrane bound proteins that can form pores (hemichannels) in the cell membrane. Gated by cellular stress and injury, they open under pathophysiological conditions and in doing so release 'danger signals' including adenosine triphosphate into the extracellular environment. Linked to sterile inflammation via activation of the nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome, targeting aberrant hemichannel activity and the release of these danger signals has met with favourable outcomes in multiple models of disease, including secondary complications of diabetes. In this review, we provide a comprehensive update on those studies which document a role for aberrant connexin hemichannel activity in the pathogenesis of both diabetic eye and kidney disease, ahead of evaluating the efficacy of blocking connexin-43 specific hemichannels in these target tissues on tissue health and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsy L. Cliff
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life, Sciences University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK; (C.L.C.); (B.M.W.); (P.E.S.)
| | - Bethany M. Williams
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life, Sciences University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK; (C.L.C.); (B.M.W.); (P.E.S.)
| | - Christos E. Chadjichristos
- National Institutes for Health and Medical Research, UMR-S1155, Batiment Recherche, Tenon Hospital, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France;
| | - Ulrik Mouritzen
- Ciana Therapeutics, Ole Maaloes Vej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark;
| | - Paul E. Squires
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life, Sciences University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK; (C.L.C.); (B.M.W.); (P.E.S.)
| | - Claire E. Hills
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life, Sciences University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK; (C.L.C.); (B.M.W.); (P.E.S.)
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Li Q, Wu J, Huang L, Zhao B, Li Q. Ephedrine ameliorates cerebral ischemia injury via inhibiting NOD-like receptor pyrin domain 3 inflammasome activation through the Akt/GSK3β/NRF2 pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S540-S552. [PMID: 34715758 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211052981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. The aim of this study is to explore the potential function of ephedrine in ischemic stroke and the underlying molecular mechanism. A middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model was established. The potential effects of ephedrine on MCAO rats and LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells were evaluated. Ephedrine reduced the infarct volume, cell apoptosis, brain water content, neurological score, and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) production in MCAO rats. Ephedrine treatment also suppressed TNF-α and IL-1β production and NOD-like receptor pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in BV2 microglial cells. The expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β was suppressed by ephedrine. Moreover, ephedrine treatment increased the phosphorylation of Akt and GSK3β and nuclear NRF2 levels in LPS-treated BV2 microglial cells. Meanwhile, LY294002 attenuated the inhibitory effects of ephedrine on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and TNF-α and IL-1β production. In addition, the level of pAkt was increased, while NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β were decreased by ephedrine treatment in MCAO rats. In conclusion, ephedrine ameliorated cerebral ischemia injury via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the Akt/GSK3β/NRF2 pathway. Our results revealed a potential role of ephedrine in ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunxian Li
- Department of Encephalopathy, DongZhimen Hospital, 248912Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Encephalopathy, DongZhimen Hospital, 248912Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lixian Huang
- Department of Encephalopathy, DongZhimen Hospital, 248912Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Encephalopathy, DongZhimen Hospital, 248912Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingbin Li
- Department of Encephalopathy, DongZhimen Hospital, 248912Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Al-Atta A, Kuzemczak M, Alkhalil M. Colchicine for the prevention of ischemic stroke: An updated meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Brain Circ 2021; 7:187-193. [PMID: 34667902 PMCID: PMC8459694 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_24_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is increasingly recognized as a target to reduce residual cardiovascular risk. Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory drug that was associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes. However, its effect on stroke reduction was not consistent across studies. Therefore, the aim of this study-level meta-analysis was to evaluate the influence of colchicine on stroke in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS Electronic databases were searched through October 2020, to identify randomized controlled trials using colchicine in patients with CAD. The incidence of clinical endpoints such as stroke, death, myocardial infarction (MI), study-defined major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and atrial fibrillation (AF) was compared between colchicine and placebo groups. RESULTS A total number of 11,594 (5,806 in the colchicine arm) patients from 4 eligible studies were included in the final analysis. Stroke incidence was lower in the colchicine arm compared to placebo (rate ratio [RR] 0.48 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.78], P = 0.003) whereby no significant difference was observed in the incidence of AF (odds ratio [OR] 0.86 [95% CI, 0.69-1.06], P = 0.16). Furthermore, a significant effect of colchicine on MACE [RR 0.65 (95% CI, 0.51-0.83), P = 0.0006] and MI (RR 0.65 (95% CI, 0.54-0.95], P = 0.02) was detected, with no influence on all-cause mortality (RR 1.04 [95% CI, 0.61-1.78], P = 0.88). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis confirms a significant influence of colchicine on stroke in CAD patients. Despite its neutral effect on AF occurrence, other mechanisms related to plaque stabilization are plausible. The concept seems to be supported by contemporaneous MI reduction and posits that anti-inflammatory properties of colchicine may translate into a reduction of stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Al-Atta
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, UK
| | - Michał Kuzemczak
- Department of Medical Rescue, Chair of Emergency Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.,Department of Invasive Cardiology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mohammad Alkhalil
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, UK.,Vascular Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, UK
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Ryan F, Khoshnam SE, Khodagholi F, Ashabi G, Ahmadiani A. How cytosolic compartments play safeguard functions against neuroinflammation and cell death in cerebral ischemia. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1445-1467. [PMID: 34173922 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00770-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of mortality and disability globally. Neuronal damage following ischemic stroke is rapid and irreversible, and eventually results in neuronal death. In addition to activation of cell death signaling, neuroinflammation is also considered as another pathogenesis that can occur within hours after cerebral ischemia. Under physiological conditions, subcellular organelles play a substantial role in neuronal functionality and viability. However, their functions can be remarkably perturbed under neurological disorders, particularly cerebral ischemia. Therefore, their biochemical and structural response has a determining role in the sequel of neuronal cells and the progression of disease. However, their effects on cell death and neuroinflammation, as major underlying mechanisms of ischemic stroke, are still not understood. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the contribution of each organelle on these pathological processes after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fari Ryan
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Centre, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghorbangol Ashabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 1417613151, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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PAF Receptor Inhibition Attenuates Neuronal Pyroptosis in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:6520-6539. [PMID: 34562185 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02537-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is an inflammation-related disease, during which process activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent pyroptosis play crucial roles. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent phospholipid regulator of inflammation which exerts its effect via binding specific PAF receptor (PAFR). However, whether PAFR contributes to pyroptosis during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains to be elucidated. To explore the underlying effect of PAFR on ischemic stroke from the perspective of pyroptosis, mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) injury and primary cultures of mice cerebral cortical neurons were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury to mimic I/R in vivo and in vitro, after which indexes associated with pyroptosis were analyzed. Intriguingly, our results indicated that inhibition of PAFR with its inhibitor XQ-1H or PAFR siRNA exerted a neuroprotective effect against I/R injury both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, inflammasome activation and pyroptosis after ischemic challenge were attenuated by XQ-1H or PAFR siRNA. Besides, the protection of XQ-1H was abolished by PAF stimulaiton to some extent. Moreover, XQ-1H or PAFR siRNA alleviated the neuronal pyroptosis induced by LPS and nigericin (an NLRP3 activator) in cortical neurons. Taken together, this study firstly demonstrates that PAFR is involved in neuronal pyroptosis after I/R injury, and XQ-1H, a specific PAFR inhibitor, has a promising prospect in attenuating I/R injury from the perspective of anti-pyroptosis.
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Feng B, Meng X, Zhou H, Chen L, Zou C, Liang L, Meng Y, Xu N, Wang H, Zou D. Identification of Dysregulated Mechanisms and Potential Biomarkers in Ischemic Stroke Onset. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:4731-4744. [PMID: 34456585 PMCID: PMC8390889 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s327594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of severe disability. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers closely related to IS diagnosis and treatment. Methods Profiles of gene expression were obtained from datasets GSE16561, GSE22255, GSE112801 and GSE110993. Differentially expressed mRNAs between IS and controls were then subjected to weighted gene co-expression network analysis as well as multiscale embedded gene co-expression network analysis. The intersection of the two sets of module genes was subjected to analyses of functional enrichment and of microRNAs (miRNAs) regulation. Then, the area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) was calculated to assess the ability of genes to discriminate IS patients from controls. IS diagnostic signatures were constructed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. Results A total of 234 common co-expression network genes were found to be potentially associated with IS. Enrichment analysis found that these genes were mainly associated with inflammation and immune response. The aberrantly expressed miRNAs (hsa-miR-651-5p, hsa-miR-138-5p, hsa-miR-9-3p and hsa-miR-374a-3p) in IS had regulatory effects on IS-related genes and were involved in brain-related diseases. We used the criterion AUC > 0.7 to screen out 23 hub genes from IS-related genes in the GSE16561 and GSE22255 datasets. We obtained an 8-gene signature (ADCY4, DUSP1, ATP5F1, DCTN5, EIF3G, ELAVL1, EXOSC7 and PPIE) from the training set of GSE16561 dataset, which we confirmed in the validation set of GSE16561 dataset and in the GSE22255 dataset. The genes in this signature were highly accurate for diagnosing IS. In addition, the 8-gene signature significantly correlated with infiltration by immune cells. Conclusion These findings provide new clues to molecular mechanisms and treatment targets in IS. The genes in the signature may be candidate markers and potential gene targets for treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Feng
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Guiping, Guigang, Guangxi, 537200, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinling Meng
- Department of Endocrinology, The People's Hospital of Guiping, Guigang, Guangxi, 537200, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Guiping, Guigang, Guangxi, 537200, People's Republic of China
| | - Liechun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Zou
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lucong Liang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Youshi Meng
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghua Zou
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
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Lünemann JD, Malhotra S, Shinohara ML, Montalban X, Comabella M. Targeting Inflammasomes to Treat Neurological Diseases. Ann Neurol 2021; 90:177-188. [PMID: 34219266 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multimeric protein complexes that can sense a plethora of microbe- and damage-associated molecular signals. They play important roles in innate immunity and are key regulators of inflammation in health and disease. Inflammasome-mediated processing and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL) 1β and IL-18 and induction of pyroptosis, a proinflammatory form of cell death, have been associated with the development and progression of common immune-mediated and degenerative central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as Alzheimer disease, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, stroke, epilepsy, Parkinson disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A growing number of pharmacological compounds inhibiting inflammasome activation and signaling show therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models of the aforementioned disease conditions. Here, we illustrate regulatory mechanisms of inflammasome activation during CNS homeostasis and tissue injury. We highlight the evidence for inflammasome activation as a mechanistic underpinning in a wide range of CNS diseases and critically discuss the promise and potential limitations of therapeutic strategies that aim to inhibit the inflammasome components in neurological disorders. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:177-188.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan D Lünemann
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sunny Malhotra
- Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mari L Shinohara
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Xavier Montalban
- Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Comabella
- Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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The emerging roles of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome in central nervous system disorders. Neurochem Int 2021; 149:105122. [PMID: 34284076 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) sensor, the PYHIN family member absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is an essential component of the inflammasome families. Activation of AIM2 by dsDNA leads to the assembly of cytosolic multimolecular complexes termed the AIM2 inflammasome, resulting in activation of caspase-1, the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, and pyroptosis. Multiple central nervous system (CNS) diseases are accompanied by immune responses and inflammatory cascade. As the resident macrophage cells, microglia cells act as the first and main form of active immune defense in the CNS. AIM2 is highly expressed in microglia as well as astrocytes and neurons and is essential in neurodevelopment. In this review, we highlight the recent progress on the role of AIM2 inflammasome in CNS disorders, including cerebral stroke, brain injury, neuropsychiatric disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and glioblastoma.
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Jover-Mengual T, Hwang JY, Byun HR, Court-Vazquez BL, Centeno JM, Burguete MC, Zukin RS. The Role of NF-κB Triggered Inflammation in Cerebral Ischemia. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:633610. [PMID: 34040505 PMCID: PMC8141555 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.633610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a devastating disease that affects many people worldwide every year. The neurodegenerative damage as a consequence of oxygen and energy deprivation, to date, has no known effective treatment. The ischemic insult is followed by an inflammatory response that involves a complex interaction between inflammatory cells and molecules which play a role in the progression towards cell death. However, there is presently a matter of controversy over whether inflammation could either be involved in brain damage or be a necessary part of brain repair. The inflammatory response is triggered by inflammasomes, key multiprotein complexes that promote secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. An early event in post-ischemic brain tissue is the release of certain molecules and reactive oxygen species (ROS) from injured neurons which induce the expression of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), a transcription factor involved in the activation of the inflammasome. There are conflicting observations related to the role of NF-κB. While some observe that NF-κB plays a damaging role, others suggest it to be neuroprotective in the context of cerebral ischemia, indicating the need for additional investigation. Here we discuss the dual role of the major inflammatory signaling pathways and provide a review of the latest research aiming to clarify the relationship between NF-κB mediated inflammation and neuronal death in cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Jover-Mengual
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jee-Yeon Hwang
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Hyae-Ran Byun
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Brenda L Court-Vazquez
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - José M Centeno
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María C Burguete
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Suzanne Zukin
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Zhu JJ, Yu BY, Huang XK, He MZ, Chen BW, Chen TT, Fang HY, Chen SQ, Fu XQ, Li PJ, Lin ZL, Zhu JH. Neferine Protects against Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage in Neonatal Rats by Suppressing NLRP3-Mediated Inflammasome Activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6654954. [PMID: 34046147 PMCID: PMC8128543 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6654954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is recognized as the main cause of neonatal death, and efficient treatment strategies remain limited. Given the prevalence of HIE and the associated fatality, further studies on its pathogenesis are warranted. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory injury are two important factors leading to brain tissue injury and nerve cell loss in HIE. Neferine, an alkaloid extracted from lotus seed embryo, exerts considerable effects against several diseases such as cancers and myocardial injury. In this study, we demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of neferine on HIE and hypothesized that it involves the inhibition of neuronal pyroptosis, thereby ameliorating neurological inflammation and oxidative stress. We demonstrated that the mRNA levels of proteins associated with pyroptosis including caspase-1, the caspase adaptor ASC, gasdermin D, interleukin- (IL-) 18, IL-1β, and some inflammatory factors were significantly increased in neonatal HIBD model rats compared to those in the control group. The increase in these factors was significantly suppressed by treatment with neferine. We stimulated PC12 cells with CoCl2 to induce neuronal HIBD in vitro and investigated the relationship between neferine and pyroptosis by altering the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome. The overexpression of NLRP3 partially reversed the neuroprotective effect of neferine on HIBD, whereas NLRP3 knockdown further inhibited caspase-1 activation and IL-1β and IL18 expression. In addition, simultaneous alteration of NLRP3 expression induced changes in intracellular oxidative stress levels after HIBD. These findings indicate that neferine ameliorates neuroinflammation and oxidative stress injury by inhibiting pyroptosis after HIBD. Our study provides valuable information for future studies on neferine with respect to neuroinflammation and pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-jin Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Bin-yuan Yu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiao-kai Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Min-zhi He
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Bin-wen Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ting-ting Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Huang-yi Fang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Shang-qin Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiao-qin Fu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Pei-jun Li
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Zhen-lang Lin
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jiang-hu Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
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