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Parr AC, Sydnor VJ, Calabro FJ, Luna B. Adolescent-to-adult gains in cognitive flexibility are adaptively supported by reward sensitivity, exploration, and neural variability. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2024; 58:101399. [PMID: 38826569 PMCID: PMC11138371 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2024.101399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive flexibility exhibits dynamic changes throughout development, with different forms of flexibility showing dissociable developmental trajectories. In this review, we propose that an adolescent-specific mode of flexibility in the face of changing environmental contingencies supports the emergence of adolescent-to-adult gains in cognitive shifting efficiency. We first describe how cognitive shifting abilities monotonically improve from childhood to adulthood, accompanied by increases in brain state flexibility, neural variability, and excitatory/inhibitory balance. We next summarize evidence supporting the existence of a dopamine-driven, adolescent peak in flexible behavior that results in reward seeking, undirected exploration, and environmental sampling. We propose a neurodevelopmental framework that relates these adolescent behaviors to the refinement of neural phenotypes relevant to mature cognitive flexibility, and thus highlight the importance of the adolescent period in fostering healthy neurocognitive trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C. Parr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 14213, USA
| | - Valerie J. Sydnor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 14213, USA
| | - Finnegan J. Calabro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 14213, USA
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 14213, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 14213, USA
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Ngetich R, Villalba-García C, Soborun Y, Vékony T, Czakó A, Demetrovics Z, Németh D. Learning and memory processes in behavioural addiction: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105747. [PMID: 38870547 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Similar to addictive substances, addictive behaviours such as gambling and gaming are associated with maladaptive modulation of key brain areas and functional networks implicated in learning and memory. Therefore, this review sought to understand how different learning and memory processes relate to behavioural addictions and to unravel their underlying neural mechanisms. Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we systematically searched four databases - PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using the agreed-upon search string. Findings suggest altered executive function-dependent learning processes and enhanced habit learning in behavioural addiction. Whereas the relationship between working memory and behavioural addiction is influenced by addiction type, working memory aspect, and task nature. Additionally, long-term memory is incoherent in individuals with addictive behaviours. Consistently, neurophysiological evidence indicates alterations in brain areas and networks implicated in learning and memory processes in behavioural addictions. Overall, the present review argues that, like substance use disorders, alteration in learning and memory processes may underlie the development and maintenance of behavioural addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Ngetich
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | | | - Yanisha Soborun
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Teodóra Vékony
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, INSERM, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France; Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Andrea Czakó
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Dezső Németh
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, INSERM, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France; Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; BML-NAP Research Group, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University & Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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Liu C, Filbey FM. Unlocking the age-old secrets of reward and substance use. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 239:173766. [PMID: 38604456 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Although substance use is widespread across the lifespan from early adolescence to older adulthood, the prevalence of substance use disorder (SUD) differs between age groups. These age differences in SUD rates necessitate an investigation into how age moderates reward sensitivity, and consequently influences the risks and consequences related to substance use. This theoretical review integrates evidence from the literature to address the dynamic interplay between age and reward in the context of substance use. Overall, increasing evidence demonstrates that age moderates reward sensitivity and underlying reward system neurobiology. Reward sensitivity undergoes a non-linear trajectory across the lifespan. Low levels of reward sensitivity are associated with childhood and late adulthood. In contrast, high levels are associated with early to late adolescence, followed by a decline in the twenties. These fluctuations in reward sensitivity across the lifespan contribute to complex associations with substance use. This lends support to adolescence and young adulthood as vulnerable periods for the risk of subsequent SUD. More empirical research is needed to investigate reward sensitivity during SUD maintenance and recovery. Future research should also involve larger sample sizes and encompass a broader range of age groups, including older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Liu
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235, United States of America.
| | - Francesca M Filbey
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235, United States of America
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Hoops D, Yee Y, Hammill C, Wong S, Manitt C, Bedell BJ, Cahill L, Lerch JP, Flores C, Sled JG. Disproportionate neuroanatomical effects of DCC haploinsufficiency in adolescence compared with adulthood: links to dopamine, connectivity, covariance, and gene expression brain maps in mice. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2024; 49:E157-E171. [PMID: 38692693 PMCID: PMC11068426 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.230106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical adolescent neural refinement is controlled by the DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer) protein, a receptor for the netrin-1 guidance cue. We sought to describe the effects of reduced DCC on neuroanatomy in the adolescent and adult mouse brain. METHODS We examined neuronal connectivity, structural covariance, and molecular processes in a DCC-haploinsufficient mouse model, compared with wild-type mice, using new, custom analytical tools designed to leverage publicly available databases from the Allen Institute. RESULTS We included 11 DCC-haploinsufficient mice and 16 wild-type littermates. Neuroanatomical effects of DCC haploinsufficiency were more severe in adolescence than adulthood and were largely restricted to the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system. The latter finding was consistent whether we identified the regions of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system a priori or used connectivity data from the Allen Brain Atlas to determine de novo where these dopamine axons terminated. Covariance analyses found that DCC haploinsufficiency disrupted the coordinated development of the brain regions that make up the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system. Gene expression maps pointed to molecular processes involving the expression of DCC, UNC5C (encoding DCC's co-receptor), and NTN1 (encoding its ligand, netrin-1) as underlying our structural findings. LIMITATIONS Our study involved a single sex (males) at only 2 ages. CONCLUSION The neuroanatomical phenotype of DCC haploinsufficiency described in mice parallels that observed in DCC-haploinsufficient humans. It is critical to understand the DCC-haploinsufficient mouse as a clinically relevant model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hoops
- From the Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Hammill, Wong, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Flores); the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Manitt, Flores); the Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, N.L. (Hoops, Cahill); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Bedell, Flores); the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, U.K. (Lerch); the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Flores)
| | - Yohan Yee
- From the Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Hammill, Wong, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Flores); the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Manitt, Flores); the Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, N.L. (Hoops, Cahill); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Bedell, Flores); the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, U.K. (Lerch); the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Flores)
| | - Christopher Hammill
- From the Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Hammill, Wong, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Flores); the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Manitt, Flores); the Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, N.L. (Hoops, Cahill); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Bedell, Flores); the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, U.K. (Lerch); the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Flores)
| | - Sammi Wong
- From the Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Hammill, Wong, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Flores); the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Manitt, Flores); the Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, N.L. (Hoops, Cahill); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Bedell, Flores); the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, U.K. (Lerch); the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Flores)
| | - Colleen Manitt
- From the Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Hammill, Wong, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Flores); the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Manitt, Flores); the Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, N.L. (Hoops, Cahill); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Bedell, Flores); the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, U.K. (Lerch); the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Flores)
| | - Barry J Bedell
- From the Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Hammill, Wong, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Flores); the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Manitt, Flores); the Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, N.L. (Hoops, Cahill); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Bedell, Flores); the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, U.K. (Lerch); the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Flores)
| | - Lindsay Cahill
- From the Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Hammill, Wong, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Flores); the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Manitt, Flores); the Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, N.L. (Hoops, Cahill); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Bedell, Flores); the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, U.K. (Lerch); the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Flores)
| | - Jason P Lerch
- From the Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Hammill, Wong, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Flores); the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Manitt, Flores); the Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, N.L. (Hoops, Cahill); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Bedell, Flores); the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, U.K. (Lerch); the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Flores)
| | - Cecilia Flores
- From the Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Hammill, Wong, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Flores); the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Manitt, Flores); the Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, N.L. (Hoops, Cahill); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Bedell, Flores); the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, U.K. (Lerch); the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Flores)
| | - John G Sled
- From the Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Hammill, Wong, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ont. (Hoops, Yee, Lerch, Sled); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Flores); the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que. (Hoops, Manitt, Flores); the Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, N.L. (Hoops, Cahill); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Bedell, Flores); the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, U.K. (Lerch); the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Flores)
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Lallai V, Congiu C, Craig G, Manca L, Chen YC, Dukes AJ, Fowler CD, Dazzi L. Social isolation postweaning alters reward-related dopamine dynamics in a region-specific manner in adolescent male rats. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 30:100620. [PMID: 38486879 PMCID: PMC10937317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Early development is characterized by dynamic transitions in brain maturation, which may be impacted by environmental factors. Here, we sought to determine the effects of social isolation from postweaning and during adolescence on reward behavior and dopaminergic signaling in male rats. Subjects were socially isolated or group housed at postnatal day 21. Three weeks later, extracellular dopamine concentrations were examined in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens shell (NAc) during a feeding bout. Surprisingly, opposing effects were found in which increased mPFC dopamine concentrations were observed in group housed, but not isolated, rats. In stark contrast, increased dopamine levels were found in the NAc of isolated, but not group housed, rats. Moreover, the absence of an effect in the mPFC of the isolated rats could not be reversed by subsequent group housing, demonstrating the remarkable long-term effects on dopamine signaling dynamics. When provided a highly palatable food, the isolated subjects exhibited a dramatic increase in mPFC dopamine levels when the chocolate was novel, but no effects following chronic chocolate consumption. In contrast, the group housed subjects showed significantly increased dopamine levels only with chronic chocolate consumption. The dopamine changes were correlated with differences in behavioral measures. Importantly, the deficit in reward-related behavior during isolation could be reversed by microinjection of either dopamine or cocaine into the mPFC. Together, these data provide evidence that social isolation from postweaning and during adolescence alters reward-induced dopamine levels in a brain region-specific manner, which has important functional implications for reward-related behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lallai
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, Centre of Excellence for the Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Cristina Congiu
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, Centre of Excellence for the Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Giulia Craig
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, Centre of Excellence for the Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Letizia Manca
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, Centre of Excellence for the Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Yen-Chu Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Angeline J. Dukes
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Christie D. Fowler
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Laura Dazzi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, Centre of Excellence for the Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
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Hoops D, Kyne RF, Salameh S, MacGowan D, Avramescu RG, Ewing E, He AT, Orsini T, Durand A, Popescu C, Zhao JM, Schatz KC, Li L, Carroll QE, Liu G, Paul MJ, Flores C. The scheduling of adolescence with Netrin-1 and UNC5C. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.01.19.521267. [PMID: 36711625 PMCID: PMC9882376 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.19.521267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine axons are the only axons known to grow during adolescence. Here, using rodent models, we examined how two proteins, Netrin-1 and its receptor, UNC5C, guide dopamine axons towards the prefrontal cortex and shape behaviour. We demonstrate in mice ( Mus musculus ) that dopamine axons reach the cortex through a transient gradient of Netrin-1 expressing cells - disrupting this gradient reroutes axons away from their target. Using a seasonal model (Siberian hamsters; Phodopus sungorus ) we find that mesocortical dopamine development can be regulated by a natural environmental cue (daylength) in a sexually dimorphic manner - delayed in males, but advanced in females. The timings of dopamine axon growth and UNC5C expression are always phase-locked. Adolescence is an ill-defined, transitional period; we pinpoint neurodevelopmental markers underlying this period.
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Gupta T, Eckstrand KL, Forbes EE. Annual Research Review: Puberty and the development of anhedonia - considering childhood adversity and inflammation. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:459-480. [PMID: 38391011 PMCID: PMC10939801 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Anhedonia, or diminished pleasure and motivation, is a symptom of severe mental illness (e.g., depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia) that emerges during adolescence. Anhedonia is a pernicious symptom that is related to social impairments, treatment resistance, and suicide. As the mechanisms of anhedonia are postulated to include the frontostriatal circuitry and the dopamine neuromodulatory system, the development and plasticity of these systems during the vulnerable period of adolescence, as well as their sensitivity to pubertal hormones, suggest that pubertal maturation could play a role in the development of anhedonia. This review takes a developmental perspective, considering the possibility that anhedonia emerges in the context of pubertal maturation and adolescent development, with childhood adversity and chronic inflammation influencing neural reward systems to accelerate anhedonia's progression. Here, we review the relevant extant literature on the components of this model and suggest directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Gupta
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | | | - Erika E. Forbes
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychology, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh PA USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Pittsburgh PA USA
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8
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Byrne A, Martin D, Jones C, Galbraith N, Mercer T. Conspiracy theory beliefs in the adolescent population: A systematic review. J Adolesc 2024. [PMID: 38477391 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While the study of conspiracy theory beliefs is a relatively new research area, there has been a rise in academic interest in recent years. The literature provides evidence of relationships between conspiracy theory beliefs and a range of factors, but the vast majority of studies are limited to adult samples, and it is unclear how such beliefs present in adolescence. METHODS The systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA-S format. Relevant databases were searched up to February 23, 2023, for quantitative studies related to adolescent conspiracy theory beliefs. RESULTS The six included articles show that conspiracy theory beliefs are present from the start of adolescence, and stable from age 14 upwards, with correlations reported for mistrust and paranoid thinking. Negative relationships were reported for cognitive factors such as ontological confusion, cognitive ability, and actively open-minded thinking. Health-related beliefs correlated with adverse childhood experiences, peer problems, conduct, and sociodemographic factors. Right-wing authoritarianism and anxiety positively correlated with intergroup conspiracy theory beliefs. CONCLUSION While some factors from adult studies are replicated in the review, there are differences between age groups. The age at which conspiracy theory beliefs begin to form indicate developmental aspects of adolescence, and possibly childhood, that require further examination. Cognitive factors show promise for interventions and should be explored further. However, the lack of studies using adolescent populations is an issue that must be resolved for a greater understanding of conspiracy theory beliefs and a move toward effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Byrne
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Health, and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - David Martin
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Health, and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Claire Jones
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Health, and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Niall Galbraith
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Health, and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Tom Mercer
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Health, and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
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Pantoja-Urbán AH, Richer S, Mittermaier A, Giroux M, Nouel D, Hernandez G, Flores C. Gains and Losses: Resilience to Social Defeat Stress in Adolescent Female Mice. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:37-47. [PMID: 37355003 PMCID: PMC10996362 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a unique period of psychosocial growth during which social adversity can negatively influence mental health trajectories. Understanding how adolescent social stress impacts males and females and why some individuals are particularly affected is becoming increasingly urgent. Social defeat stress models for adolescent male mice have been effective in reproducing some physical/psychological aspects of bullying. Designing a model suitable for females has proven challenging. METHODS We report a version of the adolescent male accelerated social defeat stress (AcSD) paradigm adapted for females. Early adolescent C57BL/6J female mice (N = 107) were exposed to our modified AcSD procedure twice a day for 4 days and categorized as resilient or susceptible based on a social interaction test 24 hours later. Mice were then assessed for changes in Netrin-1/DCC guidance cue expression in dopamine systems, for inhibitory control in adulthood using the Go/No-Go task, or for alterations in dopamine connectivity organization in the matured prefrontal cortex. RESULTS Most adolescent females showed protection against stress-induced social avoidance, but in adulthood, these resilient females developed inhibitory control deficits and showed diminution of prefrontal cortex presynaptic dopamine sites. Female mice classified as susceptible were protected against cognitive and dopaminergic alterations. AcSD did not alter Netrin-1/DCC in early adolescent females, contrary to previous findings with males. CONCLUSIONS Preserving prosocial behavior in adolescent females may be important for survival advantage but seems to come at the price of developing persistent cognitive and dopamine deficiencies. The female AcSD paradigm produced findings comparable to those found in males, allowing mechanistic investigation in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Harée Pantoja-Urbán
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Samuel Richer
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Michel Giroux
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dominique Nouel
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Cecilia Flores
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
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Havranek T, Bacova Z, Bakos J. Oxytocin, GABA, and dopamine interplay in autism. Endocr Regul 2024; 58:105-114. [PMID: 38656256 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2024-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin plays an important role in brain development and is associated with various neurotransmitter systems in the brain. Abnormalities in the production, secretion, and distribution of oxytocin in the brain, at least during some stages of the development, are critical for the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases, particularly in the autism spectrum disorder. The etiology of autism includes changes in local sensory and dopaminergic areas of the brain, which are also supplied by the hypothalamic sources of oxytocin. It is very important to understand their mutual relationship. In this review, the relationship of oxytocin with several components of the dopaminergic system, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) inhibitory neurotransmission and their alterations in the autism spectrum disorder is discussed. Special attention has been paid to the results describing a reduced expression of inhibitory GABAergic markers in the brain in the context of dopaminergic areas in various models of autism. It is presumed that the altered GABAergic neurotransmission, due to the absence or dysfunction of oxytocin at certain developmental stages, disinhibits the dopaminergic signaling and contributes to the autism symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Havranek
- 1Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- 2Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Bacova
- 1Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Bakos
- 1Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- 2Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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11
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Mousavi SL, Rezayof A, Alijanpour S, Delphi L, Hosseinzadeh Sahafi O. Activation of mediodorsal thalamic dopamine receptors inhibited nicotine-induced anxiety in rats: A possible role of corticolimbic NMDA neurotransmission and BDNF expression. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2023; 232:173650. [PMID: 37778541 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the functional interaction between the dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems of the mediodorsal thalamus (MD), the ventral hippocampus (VH), and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in nicotine-induced anxiogenic-like behaviors. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level changes were measured in the targeted brain areas following the drug treatments. The percentage of time spent in the open arm (% OAT) and open arm entry (% OAE) were calculated in the elevated plus maze (EPM) to measure anxiety-related behaviors in adult male Wistar rats. Systemic administration of nicotine at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg induced an anxiogenic-like response associated with decreased BDNF levels in the hippocampus and the PFC. Intra-MD microinjection of apomorphine (0.1-0.3 μg/rat) induced an anxiogenic-like response, while apomorphine inhibited nicotine-induced anxiogenic-like behaviors associated with increased hippocampal and PFC BDNF expression levels. Interestingly, the blockade of the VH or the PFC NMDA receptors via the microinjection of D-AP5 (0.3-0.5 μg/rat) into the targeted sites reversed the inhibitory effect of apomorphine (0.5 μg/rat, intra-MD) on the nicotine response and led to the decrease of BDNF levels in the hippocampus and the PFC. Also, the microinjection of a higher dose of D-AP5 (0.5 μg/rat, intra-PFC) alone produced an anxiogenic effect. These findings suggest that the functional interaction between the MD dopaminergic D1/D2-like and the VH/PFC glutamatergic NMDA receptors may be partially involved in the anxiogenic-like effects of nicotine, likely via the alteration of BDNF levels in the hippocampus and the PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Leila Mousavi
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Ameneh Rezayof
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sakineh Alijanpour
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
| | - Ladan Delphi
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Oveis Hosseinzadeh Sahafi
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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12
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Vitry S, Da Silva T. [The benefits of corporal mediation in the psychic care of adolescents]. Soins Psychiatr 2023; 44:38-41. [PMID: 37926500 DOI: 10.1016/j.spsy.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The actuation of the body and the bodily experience of each experience induce a continuous reshaping of the cerebral configuration of the human being, from birth to death. This ontogenetic dynamic is particularly important during adolescence. The young person's personality, still under construction, can be thrown off balance by traumatic experiences or repeated neglect. Adapted physical activity and psychomotricity, which focus on movement and the body, can help restore balance.
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13
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Carrica LK, Gulley JM. The role of sex and drug use during adolescence in determining the risk for adverse consequences of amphetamines. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 99:125-144. [PMID: 38467479 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Use of amphetamines during adolescence, a critical period of brain development and reorganization, may lead to particularly adverse outcomes that are long-lasting. Similarly, female users may be uniquely vulnerable to certain aspects of drug use. A recognition of the role of use during adolescence and sex on outcomes of amphetamine and methamphetamine exposure are of critical importance in understanding and treating substance use disorders. This chapter highlights what human research, which has been largely epidemiological, suggests about sex and age differences in drug use patterns and outcomes. We also discuss work in laboratory animals that has typically utilized rats or mice exposed to drugs in a non-contingent manner (i.e., involuntarily) or through volitional self-administration. Lastly, we draw attention to the fact that advancing our understanding of the effects of amphetamine and methamphetamine use, the development of problematic drug taking, and the mechanisms that contribute to relapse will require an emphasis on inclusion of age and sex as moderating factors in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K Carrica
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Joshua M Gulley
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States.
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14
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Steinfeld MR, Torregrossa MM. Consequences of adolescent drug use. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:313. [PMID: 37802983 PMCID: PMC10558564 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02590-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Substance use in adolescence is a known risk factor for the development of neuropsychiatric and substance use disorders in adulthood. This is in part due to the fact that critical aspects of brain development occur during adolescence, which can be altered by drug use. Despite concerted efforts to educate youth about the potential negative consequences of substance use, initiation remains common amongst adolescents world-wide. Additionally, though there has been substantial research on the topic, many questions remain about the predictors and the consequences of adolescent drug use. In the following review, we will highlight some of the most recent literature on the neurobiological and behavioral effects of adolescent drug use in rodents, non-human primates, and humans, with a specific focus on alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, and the interactions between these substances. Overall, consumption of these substances during adolescence can produce long-lasting changes across a variety of structures and networks which can have enduring effects on behavior, emotion, and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Steinfeld
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Mary M Torregrossa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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15
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Johansson J, Nordin K, Pedersen R, Karalija N, Papenberg G, Andersson M, Korkki SM, Riklund K, Guitart-Masip M, Rieckmann A, Bäckman L, Nyberg L, Salami A. Biphasic patterns of age-related differences in dopamine D1 receptors across the adult lifespan. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113107. [PMID: 37676765 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related alterations in D1-like dopamine receptor (D1DR) have distinct implications for human cognition and behavior during development and aging, but the timing of these periods remains undefined. Enabled by a large sample of in vivo assessments (n = 180, age 20 to 80 years of age, 50% female), we discover that age-related D1DR differences pivot at approximately 40 years of age in several brain regions. Focusing on the most age-sensitive dopamine-rich region, we observe opposing pre- and post-forties interrelations among caudate D1DR, cortico-striatal functional connectivity, and memory. Finally, particularly caudate D1DR differences in midlife and beyond, but not in early adulthood, associate with manifestation of white matter lesions. The present results support a model by which excessive dopamine modulation in early adulthood and insufficient modulation in aging are deleterious to brain function and cognition, thus challenging a prevailing view of monotonic D1DR function across the adult lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarkko Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Kristin Nordin
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robin Pedersen
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nina Karalija
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Micael Andersson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Saana M Korkki
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marc Guitart-Masip
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Rieckmann
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; The Munich Center for the Economics of Aging, Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alireza Salami
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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16
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Hefelfinger D, Kaufman H, Gilman A, Gebhart R. Efficacy of Antidopaminergic Pharmacotherapy in Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS): A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e44164. [PMID: 37753029 PMCID: PMC10519259 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PANDAS, or pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections, is a neuropsychiatric disease seen in children that presents with prevailing symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), tic disorder, or both. These symptoms appear suddenly following a streptococcal infection, such as strep throat or scarlet fever. The antibodies formed to eradicate the streptococcal infection have been shown to alter central dopamine signaling. In spite of being acknowledged in the medical community for the last two to three decades, PANDAS is a disorder that goes unnoticed by many healthcare professionals. Unfortunately, even with correct diagnosis and utilization of commonly prescribed pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, medical management can often be ineffective at treating the neuropsychiatric symptoms. Here, we describe a case of a 15-year-old male who presented to the primary care office with complaints of episodic behavioral changes that would occur multiple times daily. The general symptoms were centered around body dysmorphia where the patient became obsessed with fixed portions of food and became highly focused on only specific food types. The symptoms would exacerbate and progress with a dire need to burn calories, leading the patient to damage carpeted areas in the home due to regular and fanatical pacing. The patient underwent trials with serotonergic pharmacotherapy with little to no relief of the psychiatric symptoms. After discussion with his primary care physician, the patient underwent trial management with antidopaminergic therapy that resulted in significant neurological and psychiatric improvement. The use of antidopaminergic pharmacotherapy to target the induction of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors was efficacious in this patient; however, it warrants additional research with a larger sample to determine its effectiveness in the treatment of this psychiatric condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Hefelfinger
- Family Medicine, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, USA
| | - Hannah Kaufman
- Family Medicine, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, USA
| | - Alex Gilman
- Family Medicine, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, USA
| | - Rick Gebhart
- Family Medicine, Gebhart Concierge and Consult, Vandalia, USA
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17
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Marie A, Kinet R, Helbling JC, Darricau M, Alfos S, Di Miceli M, Angelo MF, Foury A, Richard E, Trifilieff P, Mallet NP, Bosch-Bouju C. Impact of dietary vitamin A on striatal function in adult rats. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23037. [PMID: 37392372 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300133r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
The striatum is a brain structure involved in the control of voluntary movement. Striatum contains high amounts of retinoic acid, the active metabolite of vitamin A, as well as retinoid receptors, RARβ and RXRγ. Previous studies revealed that disruption of retinoid signaling initiated during development is deleterious for striatal physiology and related motor functions. However, the alteration of retinoid signaling, and the importance of vitamin A supply during adulthood on striatal physiology and function has never been established. In the present study, we investigated the impact of vitamin A supply on striatal function. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with three specific diets, either sub-deficient, sufficient, or enriched in vitamin A (0.4, 5, and 20 international units [IU] of retinol per g of diet, respectively) for 6 months. We first validated that vitamin A sub-deficient diet in adult rats constitutes a physiological model of retinoid signaling reduction in the striatum. We then revealed subtle alterations of fine motor skills in sub-deficient rats using a new behavioral apparatus specifically designed to test forepaw reach-and-grasp skills relying on striatal function. Finally, we showed using qPCR analysis and immunofluorescence that the striatal dopaminergic system per se was not affected by vitamin A sub-deficiency at adult age. Rather, cholinergic synthesis in the striatum and μ-opioid receptor expression in striosomes sub-territories were the most affected by vitamin A sub-deficiency starting at adulthood. Taken together these results revealed that retinoid signaling alteration at adulthood is associated with motor learning deficits together with discrete neurobiological alterations in the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Marie
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rémi Kinet
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Morgane Darricau
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Serge Alfos
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathieu Di Miceli
- Worcester Biomedical Research Group, School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
| | | | - Aline Foury
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuel Richard
- INSERM, U1035, CHU Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Trifilieff
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas P Mallet
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
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18
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Reynolds LM, Hernandez G, MacGowan D, Popescu C, Nouel D, Cuesta S, Burke S, Savell KE, Zhao J, Restrepo-Lozano JM, Giroux M, Israel S, Orsini T, He S, Wodzinski M, Avramescu RG, Pokinko M, Epelbaum JG, Niu Z, Pantoja-Urbán AH, Trudeau LÉ, Kolb B, Day JJ, Flores C. Amphetamine disrupts dopamine axon growth in adolescence by a sex-specific mechanism in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4035. [PMID: 37419977 PMCID: PMC10329029 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39665-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Initiating drug use during adolescence increases the risk of developing addiction or other psychopathologies later in life, with long-term outcomes varying according to sex and exact timing of use. The cellular and molecular underpinnings explaining this differential sensitivity to detrimental drug effects remain unexplained. The Netrin-1/DCC guidance cue system segregates cortical and limbic dopamine pathways in adolescence. Here we show that amphetamine, by dysregulating Netrin-1/DCC signaling, triggers ectopic growth of mesolimbic dopamine axons to the prefrontal cortex, only in early-adolescent male mice, underlying a male-specific vulnerability to enduring cognitive deficits. In adolescent females, compensatory changes in Netrin-1 protect against the deleterious consequences of amphetamine on dopamine connectivity and cognitive outcomes. Netrin-1/DCC signaling functions as a molecular switch which can be differentially regulated by the same drug experience as function of an individual's sex and adolescent age, and lead to divergent long-term outcomes associated with vulnerable or resilient phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Reynolds
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Plasticité du Cerveau CNRS UMR8249, École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Paris, France
| | | | - Del MacGowan
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christina Popescu
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Dominique Nouel
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Santiago Cuesta
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Samuel Burke
- CNS Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katherine E Savell
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Janet Zhao
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jose Maria Restrepo-Lozano
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Giroux
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia Israel
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Taylor Orsini
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Susan He
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Radu G Avramescu
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthew Pokinko
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julia G Epelbaum
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhipeng Niu
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrea Harée Pantoja-Urbán
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis-Éric Trudeau
- CNS Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bryan Kolb
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Jeremy J Day
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Cecilia Flores
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
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19
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Naumova AA, Oleynik EA, Khramtsova AV, Nikolaeva SD, Chernigovskaya EV, Glazova MV. Short-term hindlimb unloading negatively affects dopaminergic transmission in the nigrostriatal system of mice. Dev Neurobiol 2023; 83:205-218. [PMID: 37489016 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The nigrostriatal system composed of the dorsal striatum and the substantia nigra (SN) is highly involved in the control of motor behavior. Various extremal and pathological conditions as well as social isolation (SI) may cause an impairment of locomotor function; however, corresponding alterations in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway are far from full understanding. Here, we analyzed the effect of 3-day hindlimb unloading (HU) and SI on the key players of dopamine transmission in the nigrostriatal system of CD1 mice. Three groups of mice were analyzed: group-housed (GH), SI, and HU animals. Our data showed a significant decrease in the expression and phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the SN and dorsal striatum of HU mice that suggested attenuation of dopamine synthesis in response to HU. In the dorsal striatum of HU mice, the downregulation of TH expression was also observed indicating the effect of unloading; however, TH phosphorylation at Ser40 was mainly affected by SI pointing on an impact of isolation too. Expression of dopamine receptors D1 in the dorsal striatum of HU mice was increased suggesting a compensatory response, but the activity of downstream signaling pathways involving protein kinase A and cAMP response element-binding protein was inhibited. At the same time, SI alone did not affect expression of DA receptors and activity of downstream signaling in the dorsal striatum. Obtained data let us to conclude that HU was the main factor which impaired dopamine transmission in the nigrostriatal system but SI made some contribution to its negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A Naumova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Oleynik
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna V Khramtsova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana D Nikolaeva
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena V Chernigovskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Margarita V Glazova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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20
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Nino P, Mzia Z, Nadezhda J, Yousef T, Giorgi L, Tamar L. Short- and long-term effects of chronic toluene exposure on spatial memory in adolescent and adult male Wistar rats. Neurosci Lett 2023; 805:137238. [PMID: 37037302 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Addiction to toluene-containing volatile inhalants is of significant medical and social concern, particularly among youth. These concerns are underscored by the fact that the majority of adult abusers of toluene started as teenagers. Surprisingly, however, the lasting effects of chronic toluene exposure, especially in various age groups, have not been well investigated. Recently, we reported that adolescent and adult male Wistar rats show differential responses to chronic toluene exposure in recognition memory tasks. Since different cognitive functions may be differentially affected by drugs of abuse, we used the same model to evaluate the short- and long-term effects of chronic toluene on spatial learning and memory using Morris water maze. Daily exposure to toluene (2000 ppm) for 40 days (5 min/day) resulted in age-dependent behavioral changes. For example, only adolescent animals showed a decrease in time and distance travelled to find the hidden platform 24 h after the last toluene exposure. In contrast, only adult rats exhibited a decrease in acquisition time and distance travelled at 90 days' post toluene exposure. Our data provide further support for the contention that age-dependent responses should be taken into consideration in interventional attempts to overcome specific detrimental consequences of chronic toluene exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pochkhidze Nino
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State University. Tbilisi, Georgia; Department of Brain Ultrastructure and Nanoarchitecture, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Zhvania Mzia
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State University. Tbilisi, Georgia; Department of Brain Ultrastructure and Nanoarchitecture, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Japaridze Nadezhda
- Department of Brain Ultrastructure and Nanoarchitecture, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia; Medical School of New Vision University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tizabi Yousef
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lobzhanidze Giorgi
- Department of Brain Ultrastructure and Nanoarchitecture, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Lordkipanidze Tamar
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State University. Tbilisi, Georgia
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21
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Darcq E, Nouel D, Hernandez G, Pokinko M, Ash P, Moquin L, Gratton A, Kieffer B, Flores C. Reduced dopamine release in Dcc haploinsufficiency male mice abolishes the rewarding effects of cocaine but not those of morphine and ethanol. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:637-646. [PMID: 36471064 PMCID: PMC10296775 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The Netrin-1/DCC guidance cue pathway is critically involved in the adolescent organization of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine circuitry. Adult mice heterozygous for Dcc show reduced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens in response to amphetamine and, in turn, blunted sensitivity to the rewarding effects of this drug. OBJECTIVE Here, we tested whether the protective effects of Dcc haploinsufficiency are specific to stimulant drugs of abuse or instead extrapolate to opioids and ethanol. METHODS We used the place preference paradigm to measure the rewarding effects of cocaine (20 mg/kg), morphine (5 or 10 mg/Kg), or ethanol (20%) in adult (PND 75) male Dcc haploinsufficient mice or their wild-type litter mates. In a second experiment, we compared in these two genotypes, in vivo dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens after a single i.p. injection of morphine (10 mg/kg). RESULTS We found reduced morphine-induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens of Dcc haploinsufficient male mice, but, contrary to the effects of stimulant drugs, there is no effect of genotype on morphine-induced conditioned preference. CONCLUSION These findings show that reduced drug-induced mesolimbic dopamine in Dcc haploinsufficient male mice protects specifically against the rewarding effects of stimulant drugs, but not against the rewarding properties of morphine and ethanol. These results suggest that these drugs exert their rewarding effect via different brain circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Darcq
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- INSERM U1114, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Nouel
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Matthew Pokinko
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience (IPN), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Polina Ash
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience (IPN), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Luc Moquin
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Gratton
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Brigitte Kieffer
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- INSERM U1114, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Cecilia Flores
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Perry Pavilion, Room 2111, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montréal (Verdun), Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada.
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22
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Fluphenazine-Induced Neurotoxicity with Acute Almost Transient Parkinsonism and Permanent Memory Loss: Lessons from a Case Report. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032968. [PMID: 36769288 PMCID: PMC9917624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the singular case of a 31-year-old woman who developed very serious Fluphenazine-induced parkinsonism over a few days due to a doubly incongruent drug prescription by indication and dosage having been applied to a healthy subject over one week instead of seven months. Unlike gradual drug-induced parkinsonism, our patient experienced acute extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS), reaching significant motor and sphincter disability in just a few days, followed by a gradual incomplete recovery over more than six months. In fact, after drug discontinuation, hypomimia and slight left hemi-somatic rigidity with bradykinesia remained, as well as stable non-progressive memory disturbances. Despite bio-humoral and instrumental investigations and DaTScan were negative, MRI post-analysis evidenced a 6.5% loss in brain volume. Specifically, irreversible cortical and sub-cortical grey matter reduction and cerebrospinal fluid space enlargement with spared white matter were found. Our observations suggest that the sudden availability of Fluphenazine results in a kind of plateau effect of parkinsonism presentation, partially reversible due to the neurotoxic drug effect on the cortical and sub-cortical grey matter, resulting in asymmetric EPS and stable memory loss, respectively. Our report confirms the debated neurotoxicity of first-generation neuroleptics and the postulated theory of differential susceptibility to the cytotoxic stressors on the central nervous system.
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23
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Molecular Landscape of Tourette's Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021428. [PMID: 36674940 PMCID: PMC9865021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tourette's disorder (TD) is a highly heritable childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder and is caused by a complex interplay of multiple genetic and environmental factors. Yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying the disorder remain largely elusive. In this study, we used the available omics data to compile a list of TD candidate genes, and we subsequently conducted tissue/cell type specificity and functional enrichment analyses of this list. Using genomic data, we also investigated genetic sharing between TD and blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolite levels. Lastly, we built a molecular landscape of TD through integrating the results from these analyses with an extensive literature search to identify the interactions between the TD candidate genes/proteins and metabolites. We found evidence for an enriched expression of the TD candidate genes in four brain regions and the pituitary. The functional enrichment analyses implicated two pathways ('cAMP-mediated signaling' and 'Endocannabinoid Neuronal Synapse Pathway') and multiple biological functions related to brain development and synaptic transmission in TD etiology. Furthermore, we found genetic sharing between TD and the blood and CSF levels of 39 metabolites. The landscape of TD not only provides insights into the (altered) molecular processes that underlie the disease but, through the identification of potential drug targets (such as FLT3, NAALAD2, CX3CL1-CX3CR1, OPRM1, and HRH2), it also yields clues for developing novel TD treatments.
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24
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Martinez Ramirez CE, Ruiz-Pérez G, Stollenwerk TM, Behlke C, Doherty A, Hillard CJ. Endocannabinoid signaling in the central nervous system. Glia 2023; 71:5-35. [PMID: 36308424 PMCID: PMC10167744 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It is hard to overestimate the influence of the endocannabinoid signaling (ECS) system on central nervous system (CNS) function. In the 40 years since cannabinoids were found to trigger specific cell signaling cascades, studies of the ECS system continue to cause amazement, surprise, and confusion! CB1 cannabinoid receptors are expressed widely in the CNS and regulate cell-cell communication via effects on the release of both neurotransmitters and gliotransmitters. CB2 cannabinoid receptors are difficult to detect in the CNS but seem to "punch above their weight" as compounds targeting these receptors have significant effects on inflammatory state and behavior. Positive and negative allosteric modulators for both receptors have been identified and examined in preclinical studies. Concentrations of the endocannabinoid ligands, N-arachidonoylethanolamine and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), are regulated by a combination of enzymatic synthesis and degradation and inhibitors of these processes are available and making their way into clinical trials. Importantly, ECS regulates many essential brain functions, including regulation of reward, anxiety, inflammation, motor control, and cellular development. While the field is on the cusp of preclinical discoveries providing impactful clinical and therapeutic insights into many CNS disorders, there is still much to be learned about this remarkable and versatile modulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- César E Martinez Ramirez
- Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gonzalo Ruiz-Pérez
- Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Todd M Stollenwerk
- Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Christina Behlke
- Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ashley Doherty
- Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Cecilia J Hillard
- Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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25
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Avramescu RG, Flores C. We're not in Kansas anymore: ectopic dopaminergic terminals as an explanation for the positive symptoms in psychiatric pathology. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2023; 48:E74-E77. [PMID: 36810305 PMCID: PMC9949873 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.230015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Radu Gabriel Avramescu
- From the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Avramescu, Flores); and the Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Flores)
| | - Cecilia Flores
- From the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Avramescu, Flores); and the Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Flores)
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26
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Khan AQ, Thielen L, Le Pen G, Krebs MO, Kebir O, Groh A, Deest M, Bleich S, Frieling H, Jahn K. Methylation pattern and mRNA expression of synapse-relevant genes in the MAM model of schizophrenia in the time-course of adolescence. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 8:110. [PMID: 36481661 PMCID: PMC9732294 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00319-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is highly heritable and aggregating in families, but genetics alone does not exclusively explain the pathogenesis. Many risk factors, including childhood trauma, viral infections, migration, and the use of cannabis, are associated with schizophrenia. Adolescence seems to be the critical period where symptoms of the disease manifest. This work focuses on studying an epigenetic regulatory mechanism (the role of DNA methylation) and its interaction with mRNA expression during development, with a particular emphasis on adolescence. The presumptions regarding the role of aberrant neurodevelopment in schizophrenia were tested in the Methyl-Azoxy-Methanol (MAM) animal model. MAM treatment induces neurodevelopmental disruptions and behavioral deficits in off-springs of the treated animals reminiscent of those observed in schizophrenia and is thus considered a promising model for studying this pathology. On a gestational day-17, adult pregnant rats were treated with the antimitotic agent MAM. Experimental animals were divided into groups and subgroups according to substance treatment (MAM and vehicle agent [Sham]) and age of analysis (pre-adolescent and post-adolescent). Methylation and mRNA expression analysis of four candidate genes, which are often implicated in schizophrenia, with special emphasis on the Dopamine hypothesis i.e., Dopamine receptor D2 (Drd2), and the "co-factors" Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), Synaptophysin (Syp), and Dystrobrevin-binding protein 1 (Dtnbp1), was performed in the Gyrus cingulum (CING) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Data were analyzed to observe the effect of substance treatment between groups and the impact of adolescence within-group. We found reduced pre-adolescent expression levels of Drd2 in both brain areas under the application of MAM. The "co-factor genes" did not show high deviations in mRNA expression levels but high alterations of methylation rates under the application of MAM (up to ~20%), which diminished in the further time course, reaching a comparable level like in Sham control animals after adolescence. The pre-adolescent reduction in DRD2 expression might be interpreted as downregulation of the receptor due to hyperdopaminergic signaling from the ventral tegmental area (VTA), eventually even to both investigated brain regions. The notable alterations of methylation rates in the three analyzed co-factor genes might be interpreted as attempt to compensate for the altered dopaminergic neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qayyum Khan
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neurosciences (LMN), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hannover (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany ,grid.444940.9University of Management and Technology—School of Pharmacy, 72-A Raiwind Rd, Dubai Town, Lahore Pakistan
| | - Lukas Thielen
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neurosciences (LMN), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hannover (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Gwenaëlle Le Pen
- grid.512035.0Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM, Pathophysiology of Psychiatric disorders: Development and Vulnerability, U1266, 102-108 Rue de la Santé, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Odile Krebs
- grid.512035.0Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM, Pathophysiology of Psychiatric disorders: Development and Vulnerability, U1266, 102-108 Rue de la Santé, 75014 Paris, France ,GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, 1 Rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Oussama Kebir
- grid.512035.0Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM, Pathophysiology of Psychiatric disorders: Development and Vulnerability, U1266, 102-108 Rue de la Santé, 75014 Paris, France ,GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, 1 Rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Adrian Groh
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neurosciences (LMN), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hannover (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maximilian Deest
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neurosciences (LMN), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hannover (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neurosciences (LMN), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hannover (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neurosciences (LMN), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hannover (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kirsten Jahn
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neurosciences (LMN), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hannover (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Abstract
Recent advances in genomics have revealed a wide spectrum of genetic variants associated with neurodevelopmental disorders at an unprecedented scale. An increasing number of studies have consistently identified mutations-both inherited and de novo-impacting the function of specific brain circuits. This suggests that, during brain development, alterations in distinct neural circuits, cell types, or broad regulatory pathways ultimately shaping synapses might be a dysfunctional process underlying these disorders. Here, we review findings from human studies and animal model research to provide a comprehensive description of synaptic and circuit mechanisms implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders. We discuss how specific synaptic connections might be commonly disrupted in different disorders and the alterations in cognition and behaviors emerging from imbalances in neuronal circuits. Moreover, we review new approaches that have been shown to restore or mitigate dysfunctional processes during specific critical windows of brain development. Considering the heterogeneity of neurodevelopmental disorders, we also highlight the recent progress in developing improved clinical biomarkers and strategies that will help to identify novel therapeutic compounds and opportunities for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Exposito-Alonso
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom;
- Current affiliation: Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
| | - Beatriz Rico
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom;
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Peters KZ, Naneix F. The role of dopamine and endocannabinoid systems in prefrontal cortex development: Adolescence as a critical period. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:939235. [PMID: 36389180 PMCID: PMC9663658 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.939235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex plays a central role in the control of complex cognitive processes including action control and decision making. It also shows a specific pattern of delayed maturation related to unique behavioral changes during adolescence and allows the development of adult cognitive processes. The adolescent brain is extremely plastic and critically vulnerable to external insults. Related to this vulnerability, adolescence is also associated with the emergence of numerous neuropsychiatric disorders involving alterations of prefrontal functions. Within prefrontal microcircuits, the dopamine and the endocannabinoid systems have widespread effects on adolescent-specific ontogenetic processes. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the maturation of the dopamine system and the endocannabinoid system in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence. We discuss how they interact with GABA and glutamate neurons to modulate prefrontal circuits and how they can be altered by different environmental events leading to long-term neurobiological and behavioral changes at adulthood. Finally, we aim to identify several future research directions to help highlight gaps in our current knowledge on the maturation of these microcircuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Zara Peters
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom
| | - Fabien Naneix
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Fabien Naneix
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29
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Zegers-Delgado J, Aguilera-Soza A, Calderón F, Davidson H, Verbel-Vergara D, Yarur HE, Novoa J, Blanlot C, Bastias CP, Andrés ME, Gysling K. Type 1 Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor Differentially Modulates Neurotransmitter Levels in the Nucleus Accumbens of Juvenile versus Adult Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810800. [PMID: 36142716 PMCID: PMC9505341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adversity is particularly pernicious in early life, increasing the likelihood of developing psychiatric disorders in adulthood. Juvenile and adult rats exposed to social isolation show differences in anxiety-like behaviors and significant changes in dopamine (DA) neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Brain response to stress is partly mediated by the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system, composed of CRF and its two main receptors, CRF-R1 and CRF-R2. In the NAc shell of adult rats, CRF induces anxiety-like behavior and changes local DA balance. However, the role of CRF receptors in the control of neurotransmission in the NAc is not fully understood, nor is it known whether there are differences between life stages. Our previous data showed that infusion of a CRF-R1 antagonist into the NAc of juvenile rats increased DA levels in response to a depolarizing stimulus and decreased basal glutamate levels. To extend this analysis, we now evaluated the effect of a CRF-R1 antagonist infusion in the NAc of adult rats. Here, we describe that the opposite occurred in the NAc of adult compared to juvenile rats. Infusion of a CRF-R1 antagonist decreased DA and increased glutamate levels in response to a depolarizing stimulus. Furthermore, basal levels of DA, glutamate, and γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) were similar in juvenile animals compared to adults. CRF-R1 protein levels and localization were not different in juvenile compared to adult rats. Interestingly, we observed differences in the signaling pathways of CRF-R1 in the NAc of juveniles compared to adult rats. We propose that the function of CRF-R1 receptors is differentially modulated in the NAc according to life stage.
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Boroń A, Śmiarowska M, Grzywacz A, Chmielowiec K, Chmielowiec J, Masiak J, Pawłowski T, Larysz D, Ciechanowicz A. Association of Polymorphism within the Putative miRNA Target Site in the 3'UTR Region of the DRD2 Gene with Neuroticism in Patients with Substance Use Disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9955. [PMID: 36011589 PMCID: PMC9408599 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The study aims at looking into associations between the polymorphism rs6276 that occurs in the putative miRNA target site in the 3'UTR region of the DRD2 gene in patients with substance use disorder (SUD) comorbid with a maniacal syndrome (SUD MANIA). In our study, we did not state any essential difference in DRD2 rs6276 genotype frequencies in the studied samples of SUD MANIA, SUD, and control subjects. A significant result was found for the SUD MANIA group vs. SUD vs. controls on the Neuroticism Scale of NEO FFI test, and DRD2 rs6276 (p = 0.0320) accounted for 1.7% of the variance. The G/G homozygous variants were linked with lower results on the neuroticism scale in the SUD MANIA group because G/G alleles may serve a protective role in the expression of neuroticism in patients with SUD MANIA. So far, there have been no data in the literature on the relationship between the miRSNP rs6276 region in the DRD2 gene and neuroticism (personal traits) in patients with a diagnosis of substance use disorder comorbid with the affective, maniacal type disturbances related to SUD. This is the first report on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Boroń
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Aleja Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Śmiarowska
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Aleja Powstańcόw Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Grzywacz
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Aleja Powstańcόw Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Chmielowiec
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28 St., 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Jolanta Chmielowiec
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28 St., 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Jolanta Masiak
- Second Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, Głuska 1 St., 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pawłowski
- Division of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wyb. L. Pasteura 10 St., 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Larysz
- 109 Military Hospital with Cutpatient Cinic in Szczecin, Piotra Skargi 9-11 St., 70-965 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ciechanowicz
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Aleja Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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31
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Razenkova VA, Korzhevskii DE. Catecholaminergic Rat’s Forebrain Structures in Early Postnatal Development and Aging. Russ J Dev Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360422030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Parr AC, Calabro F, Tervo-Clemmens B, Larsen B, Foran W, Luna B. Contributions of dopamine-related basal ganglia neurophysiology to the developmental effects of incentives on inhibitory control. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 54:101100. [PMID: 35344773 PMCID: PMC8961188 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory control can be less reliable in adolescence, however, in the presence of rewards, adolescents' performance often improves to adult levels. Dopamine is known to play a role in signaling rewards and supporting cognition, but its role in the enhancing effects of reward on adolescent cognition and inhibitory control remains unknown. Here, we assessed the contribution of basal ganglia dopamine-related neurophysiology using longitudinal MR-based assessments of tissue iron in rewarded inhibitory control, using an antisaccade task. In line with prior work, we show that neutral performance improves with age, and incentives enhance performance in adolescents to that of adults. We find that basal ganglia tissue iron is associated with individual differences in the magnitude of this reward boost, which is strongest in those with high levels of tissue iron, predominantly in adolescence. Our results provide novel evidence that basal ganglia neurophysiology supports developmental effects of rewards on cognition, which can inform neurodevelopmental models of the role of dopamine in reward processing during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C Parr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 14213, United States.
| | - Finnegan Calabro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 14213, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 14213, United States
| | | | - Bart Larsen
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Will Foran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 14213, United States
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 14213, United States.
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Krashia P, Spoleti E, D'Amelio M. The VTA dopaminergic system as diagnostic and therapeutical target for Alzheimer's disease. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1039725. [PMID: 36325523 PMCID: PMC9618946 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1039725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) occur in nearly all patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Most frequently they appear since the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage preceding clinical AD, and have a prognostic importance. Unfortunately, these symptoms also worsen the daily functioning of patients, increase caregiver stress and accelerate the disease progression from MCI to AD. Apathy and depression are the most common of these NPS, and much attention has been given in recent years to understand the biological mechanisms related to their appearance in AD. Although for many decades these symptoms have been known to be related to abnormalities of the dopaminergic ventral tegmental area (VTA), a direct association between deficits in the VTA and NPS in AD has never been investigated. Fortunately, this scenario is changing since recent studies using preclinical models of AD, and clinical studies in MCI and AD patients demonstrated a number of functional, structural and metabolic alterations affecting the VTA dopaminergic neurons and their mesocorticolimbic targets. These findings appear early, since the MCI stage, and seem to correlate with the appearance of NPS. Here, we provide an overview of the recent evidence directly linking the dopaminergic VTA with NPS in AD and propose a setting in which the precocious identification of dopaminergic deficits can be a helpful biomarker for early diagnosis. In this scenario, treatments of patients with dopaminergic drugs might slow down the disease progression and delay the impairment of daily living activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Krashia
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Spoleti
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello D'Amelio
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
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Sangha S. Elevated dopamine in the amygdala disrupts infant's approach to mother: Implications for development of neurotypical social behaviors and networks. Neuron 2021; 109:3900-3902. [PMID: 34914916 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Neuron, Opendak et al. (2021) use a suite of techniques that are typically challenging in infant rat pups to examine the role of dopaminergic input to the basolateral amygdala in social behavior deficits in response to early-life adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Sangha
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, IU Health Neuroscience Center, 355 W. 16(th) Street, Suite 4800, Indianapolis, IN 46202-7176, USA.
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