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Zhao Y, Kirschenhofer T, Harvey M, Rainer G. Mediodorsal thalamus and ventral pallidum contribute to subcortical regulation of the default mode network. Commun Biol 2024; 7:891. [PMID: 39039239 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06531-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Humans and other animals readily transition from externally to internally focused attention, and these transitions are accompanied by activation of the default mode network (DMN). The DMN was considered a cortical network, yet recent evidence suggests subcortical structures are also involved. We investigated the role of ventral pallidum (VP) and mediodorsal thalamus (MD) in DMN regulation in tree shrew, a close relative of primates. Electrophysiology and deep learning-based classification of behavioral states revealed gamma oscillations in VP and MD coordinated with gamma in anterior cingulate (AC) cortex during DMN states. Cross-frequency coupling between gamma and delta oscillations was higher during DMN than other behaviors, underscoring the engagement of MD, VP and AC. Our findings highlight the importance of VP and MD in DMN regulation, extend homologies in DMN regulation among mammals, and underline the importance of thalamus and basal forebrain to the regulation of DMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Zhao
- Section of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Kirschenhofer
- Section of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Michael Harvey
- Section of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Rainer
- Section of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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2
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Suthaharan P, Thompson SL, Rossi-Goldthorpe RA, Rudebeck PH, Walton ME, Chakraborty S, Noonan MP, Costa VD, Murray EA, Mathys CD, Groman SM, Mitchell AS, Taylor JR, Corlett PR, Chang SWC. Lesions to the mediodorsal thalamus, but not orbitofrontal cortex, enhance volatility beliefs linked to paranoia. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114355. [PMID: 38870010 PMCID: PMC11231991 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Beliefs-attitudes toward some state of the environment-guide action selection and should be robust to variability but sensitive to meaningful change. Beliefs about volatility (expectation of change) are associated with paranoia in humans, but the brain regions responsible for volatility beliefs remain unknown. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is central to adaptive behavior, whereas the magnocellular mediodorsal thalamus (MDmc) is essential for arbitrating between perceptions and action policies. We assessed belief updating in a three-choice probabilistic reversal learning task following excitotoxic lesions of the MDmc (n = 3) or OFC (n = 3) and compared performance with that of unoperated monkeys (n = 14). Computational analyses indicated a double dissociation: MDmc, but not OFC, lesions were associated with erratic switching behavior and heightened volatility belief (as in paranoia in humans), whereas OFC, but not MDmc, lesions were associated with increased lose-stay behavior and reward learning rates. Given the consilience across species and models, these results have implications for understanding paranoia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Suthaharan
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Rosa A Rossi-Goldthorpe
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Mark E Walton
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Subhojit Chakraborty
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Maryann P Noonan
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK; Department of Psychology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Vincent D Costa
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | | | - Christoph D Mathys
- Interacting Minds Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuromodeling Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie M Groman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anna S Mitchell
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK; School of Psychology, Speech, and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jane R Taylor
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Philip R Corlett
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Steve W C Chang
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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3
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Hou J, King TZ, Chen H, Wang Q, Xie Y, Mao H, Wang L, Cheng L. Concurrent brain structural and functional alterations in the thalamus of adult survivors of childhood brain tumors: a multimodal MRI study. Brain Res Bull 2024; 211:110937. [PMID: 38570077 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Adult survivors of childhood brain tumors often present with cognitive deficits that affect their quality of life. Studying brain structure and function in brain tumor survivors can help understand the underlying mechanisms of their cognitive deficits to improve long-term prognosis of these patients. This study analyzed voxel-based morphometry (VBM) derived from T1-weighted MRI and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to examine the structural and functional alterations in 35 brain tumor survivors using 35 matching healthy individuals as controls. Compared with healthy controls, brain tumor survivors had decreased gray matter volumes (GMV) in the thalamus and increased GMV in the superior frontal gyrus. Functionally, brain tumor survivors had lower ALFF values in the inferior temporal gyrus and medial prefrontal area and higher ALFF values in the thalamus. Importantly, we found concurrent but negatively correlated structural and functional alterations in the thalamus based on observed significant differences in GMV and ALFF values. These findings on concurrent brain structural and functional alterations provide new insights towards a better understanding of the cognitive deficits in brain tumor survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Hou
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China; Nanning Research Institute, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Tricia Z King
- Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hongbo Chen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors and Intelligent Instruments, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Human Physiological Information Non-Invasive Detection Engineering Technology Research Center, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Reprogramming and Intelligent Medical Engineering for Chronic Diseases, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China; Nanning Research Institute, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Nanning 530000, China
| | - You Xie
- Guilin Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Fist Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Shenzhen Hezheng Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, China.
| | - Luqi Cheng
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors and Intelligent Instruments, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Human Physiological Information Non-Invasive Detection Engineering Technology Research Center, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Reprogramming and Intelligent Medical Engineering for Chronic Diseases, Guilin 541004, China; Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311100, China.
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Albergoni M, Pagani E, Preziosa P, Meani A, Margoni M, Rocca MA, Filippi M. Thalamic nuclei volume partially mediates the effects of aerobic capacity on fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 2024; 271:3378-3388. [PMID: 38507073 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue is frequent in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) impacting physical and cognitive functions. Lower aerobic capacity and regional thalamic volume may be involved in the pathophysiology of fatigue in pwMS. OBJECTIVES To identify associations between thalamic nuclei volumes, aerobic capacity and fatigue and to investigate whether the influence of aerobic capacity on fatigue in pwMS is mediated by thalamic integrity. METHODS Eighty-three pwMS underwent a clinical evaluation with assessment of fatigue (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale [MFIS]), including physical (pMFIS) and cognitive (cMFIS) components, and peak of oxygen uptake (VO2peak). PwMS and 63 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent a 3 T brain MRI to quantify volume of the whole thalamus and its nuclei. RESULTS Compared to HC, pwMS showed higher global MFIS, pMFIS and cMFIS scores, and lower VO2peak and thalamic volumes (p < 0.001). In pwMS, higher VO2peak was significantly associated with lower MFIS and pMFIS scores (r value = - 0.326 and - 0.356; pFDR ≤ 0.046) and higher laterodorsal thalamic nucleus (Dor) cluster volume (r value = 0.300; pFDR = 0.047). Moreover, lower Dor thalamic cluster volume was significantly associated with higher MFIS, pMFIS and cMFIS scores (r value range = - 0.305; - 0.293; pFDR ≤ 0.049). The volume of Dor thalamic cluster partially mediated the positive effects of VO2peak on both MFIS and cMFIS, with relative indirect effects of 21% and 32% respectively. No mediation was found for pMFIS. CONCLUSIONS Higher VO2peak is associated with lower fatigue in pwMS, likely acting on Dor thalamic cluster volume integrity. Such an effect might be different according to the type of fatigue (cognitive or physical).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Albergoni
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pagani
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Preziosa
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Meani
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Margoni
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria A Rocca
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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Lyuboslavsky P, Ordemann GJ, Kizimenko A, Brumback AC. Two contrasting mediodorsal thalamic circuits target the mouse medial prefrontal cortex. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:876-890. [PMID: 38568510 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00456.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
At the heart of the prefrontal network is the mediodorsal (MD) thalamus. Despite the importance of MD in a broad range of behaviors and neuropsychiatric disorders, little is known about the physiology of neurons in MD. We injected the retrograde tracer cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of adult wild-type mice. We prepared acute brain slices and used current clamp electrophysiology to measure and compare the intrinsic properties of the neurons in MD that project to mPFC (MD→mPFC neurons). We show that MD→mPFC neurons are located predominantly in the medial (MD-M) and lateral (MD-L) subnuclei of MD. MD-L→mPFC neurons had shorter membrane time constants and lower membrane resistance than MD-M→mPFC neurons. Relatively increased hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel activity in MD-L neurons accounted for the difference in membrane resistance. MD-L neurons had a higher rheobase that resulted in less readily generated action potentials compared with MD-M→mPFC neurons. In both cell types, HCN channels supported generation of burst spiking. Increased HCN channel activity in MD-L neurons results in larger after-hyperpolarization potentials compared with MD-M neurons. These data demonstrate that the two populations of MD→mPFC neurons have divergent physiologies and support a differential role in thalamocortical information processing and potentially behavior.NEW & NOTEWORTHY To realize the potential of circuit-based therapies for psychiatric disorders that localize to the prefrontal network, we need to understand the properties of the populations of neurons that make up this network. The mediodorsal (MD) thalamus has garnered attention for its roles in executive functioning and social/emotional behaviors mediated, at least in part, by its projections to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Here, we identify and compare the physiology of the projection neurons in the two MD subnuclei that provide ascending inputs to mPFC in mice. Differences in intrinsic excitability between the two populations of neurons suggest that neuromodulation strategies targeting the prefrontal thalamocortical network will have differential effects on these two streams of thalamic input to mPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Lyuboslavsky
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Gregory J Ordemann
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Alena Kizimenko
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Audrey C Brumback
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
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Soto NN, Gaspar P, Bacci A. Not Just a Mood Disorder─Is Depression a Neurodevelopmental, Cognitive Disorder? Focus on Prefronto-Thalamic Circuits. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1611-1618. [PMID: 38580316 PMCID: PMC11027097 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the most burdensome psychiatric disorders, affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The disease is characterized not only by severe emotional and affective impairments, but also by disturbed vegetative and cognitive functions. Although many candidate mechanisms have been proposed to cause the disease, the pathophysiology of cognitive impairments in depression remains unclear. In this article, we aim to assess the link between cognitive alterations in depression and possible developmental changes in neuronal circuit wiring during critical periods of susceptibility. We review the existing literature and propose a role of serotonin signaling during development in shaping the functional states of prefrontal neuronal circuits and prefronto-thalamic loops. We discuss how early life insults affecting the serotonergic system could be important in the alterations of these local and long-range circuits, thus favoring the emergence of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Nitzan Soto
- ICM−Paris
Brain Institute, CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne
Université, 47 Boulevard de l’Hopital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Patricia Gaspar
- ICM−Paris
Brain Institute, CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne
Université, 47 Boulevard de l’Hopital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Alberto Bacci
- ICM−Paris
Brain Institute, CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne
Université, 47 Boulevard de l’Hopital, 75013 Paris, France
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Ding C, Yang D, Feldmeyer D. Adenosinergic Modulation of Layer 6 Microcircuitry in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Is Specific to Presynaptic Cell Type. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1606232023. [PMID: 38429106 PMCID: PMC11007316 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1606-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Adenosinergic modulation in the PFC is recognized for its involvement in various behavioral aspects including sleep homoeostasis, decision-making, spatial working memory and anxiety. While the principal cells of layer 6 (L6) exhibit a significant morphological diversity, the detailed cell-specific regulatory mechanisms of adenosine in L6 remain unexplored. Here, we quantitatively analyzed the morphological and electrophysiological parameters of L6 neurons in the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) using whole-cell recordings combined with morphological reconstructions. We were able to identify two different morphological categories of excitatory neurons in the mPFC of both juvenile and young adult rats with both sexes. These categories were characterized by a leading dendrite that was oriented either upright (toward the pial surface) or inverted (toward the white matter). These two excitatory neuron subtypes exhibited different electrophysiological and synaptic properties. Adenosine at a concentration of 30 µM indiscriminately suppressed connections with either an upright or an inverted presynaptic excitatory neuron. However, using lower concentrations of adenosine (10 µM) revealed that synapses originating from L6 upright neurons have a higher sensitivity to adenosine-induced inhibition of synaptic release. Adenosine receptor activation causes a reduction in the probability of presynaptic neurotransmitter release that could be abolished by specifically blocking A1 adenosine receptors (A1ARs) using 8-cyclopentyltheophylline (CPT). Our results demonstrate a differential expression level of A1ARs at presynaptic sites of two functionally and morphologically distinct subpopulations of L6 principal neurons, suggesting the intricate functional role of adenosine in neuronal signaling in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ding
- Research Center Juelich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 10, Research Center Juelich, Juelich 52425, Germany
| | - Danqing Yang
- Research Center Juelich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 10, Research Center Juelich, Juelich 52425, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Dirk Feldmeyer
- Research Center Juelich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 10, Research Center Juelich, Juelich 52425, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Translational Brain Medicine (JARA Brain), Aachen 52074, Germany
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8
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Bezgin G, Lewis JD, Fonov VS, Collins DL, Evans AC. Atypical co-development of the thalamus and cortex in autism: Evidence from age-related white-gray contrast change. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26584. [PMID: 38533724 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that white-gray contrast (WGC) of either cortical or subcortical gray matter provides for accurate predictions of age in typically developing (TD) children, and that, at least for the cortex, it changes differently with age in subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to their TD peers. Our previous study showed different patterns of contrast change between ASD and TD in sensorimotor and association cortices. While that study was confined to the cortex, we hypothesized that subcortical structures, particularly the thalamus, were involved in the observed cortical dichotomy between lower and higher processing. The current paper investigates that hypothesis using the WGC measures from the thalamus in addition to those from the cortex. We compared age-related WGC changes in the thalamus to those in the cortex. To capture the simultaneity of this change across the two structures, we devised a metric capturing the co-development of the thalamus and cortex (CoDevTC), proportional to the magnitude of cortical and thalamic age-related WGC change. We calculated this metric for each of the subjects in a large homogeneous sample taken from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) (N = 434). We used structural MRI data from the largest high-quality cross-sectional sample (NYU) as well as two other large high-quality sites, GU and OHSU, all three using Siemens 3T scanners. We observed that the co-development features in ASD and TD exhibit contrasting patterns; specifically, some higher-order thalamic nuclei, such as the lateral dorsal nucleus, exhibited reduction in codevelopment with most of the cortex in ASD compared to TD. Moreover, this difference in the CoDevTC pattern correlates with a number of behavioral measures across multiple cognitive and physiological domains. The results support previous notions of altered connectivity in autism, but add more specific evidence about the heterogeneity in thalamocortical development that elucidates the mechanisms underlying the clinical features of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb Bezgin
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John D Lewis
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vladimir S Fonov
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D Louis Collins
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alan C Evans
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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9
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Pérez Baca MDR, Jacobs EZ, Vantomme L, Leblanc P, Bogaert E, Dheedene A, De Cock L, Haghshenas S, Foroutan A, Levy MA, Kerkhof J, McConkey H, Chen CA, Batzir NA, Wang X, Palomares M, Carels M, Dermaut B, Sadikovic B, Menten B, Yuan B, Vergult S, Callewaert B. Haploinsufficiency of ZFHX3, encoding a key player in neuronal development, causes syndromic intellectual disability. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:509-528. [PMID: 38412861 PMCID: PMC10940049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) result from impaired development and functioning of the brain. Here, we identify loss-of-function (LoF) variation in ZFHX3 as a cause for syndromic intellectual disability (ID). ZFHX3 is a zinc-finger homeodomain transcription factor involved in various biological processes, including cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. We describe 42 individuals with protein-truncating variants (PTVs) or (partial) deletions of ZFHX3, exhibiting variable intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, recurrent facial features, relative short stature, brachydactyly, and, rarely, cleft palate. ZFHX3 LoF associates with a specific methylation profile in whole blood extracted DNA. Nuclear abundance of ZFHX3 increases during human brain development and neuronal differentiation. ZFHX3 was found to interact with the chromatin remodeling BRG1/Brm-associated factor complex and the cleavage and polyadenylation complex, suggesting a function in chromatin remodeling and mRNA processing. Furthermore, ChIP-seq for ZFHX3 revealed that it predominantly binds promoters of genes involved in nervous system development. We conclude that loss-of-function variants in ZFHX3 are a cause of syndromic ID associating with a specific DNA methylation profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Rocío Pérez Baca
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Z Jacobs
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lies Vantomme
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pontus Leblanc
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elke Bogaert
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annelies Dheedene
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurenz De Cock
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sadegheh Haghshenas
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Aidin Foroutan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Michael A Levy
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Jennifer Kerkhof
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Haley McConkey
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Chun-An Chen
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nurit Assia Batzir
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah 4920235, Israel
| | - Xia Wang
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - María Palomares
- INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marieke Carels
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Dermaut
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bekim Sadikovic
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Björn Menten
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bo Yuan
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Sarah Vergult
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Biesbroek JM, Verhagen MG, van der Stigchel S, Biessels GJ. When the central integrator disintegrates: A review of the role of the thalamus in cognition and dementia. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2209-2222. [PMID: 38041861 PMCID: PMC10984498 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
The thalamus is a complex neural structure with numerous anatomical subdivisions and intricate connectivity patterns. In recent decades, the traditional view of the thalamus as a relay station and "gateway to the cortex" has expanded in recognition of its role as a central integrator of inputs from sensory systems, cortex, basal ganglia, limbic systems, brain stem nuclei, and cerebellum. As such, the thalamus is critical for numerous aspects of human cognition, mood, and behavior, as well as serving sensory processing and motor functions. Thalamus pathology is an important contributor to cognitive and functional decline, and it might be argued that the thalamus has been somewhat overlooked as an important player in dementia. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of thalamus anatomy and function, with an emphasis on human cognition and behavior, and discuss emerging insights on the role of thalamus pathology in dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Matthijs Biesbroek
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain CenterUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of NeurologyDiakonessenhuis HospitalUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Marieke G. Verhagen
- VIB Center for Brain and DiseaseLeuvenBelgium
- Department of NeurosciencesKatholieke Universiteit (KU) LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Stefan van der Stigchel
- Department of Experimental PsychologyHelmholtz InstituteUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Geert Jan Biessels
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain CenterUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Reyes-Lizaola S, Luna-Zarate U, Tendilla-Beltrán H, Morales-Medina JC, Flores G. Structural and biochemical alterations in dendritic spines as key mechanisms for severe mental illnesses. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 129:110876. [PMID: 37863171 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Severe mental illnesses (SMI) collectively affect approximately 20% of the global population, as estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Despite having diverse etiologies, clinical symptoms, and pharmacotherapies, these diseases share a common pathophysiological characteristic: the misconnection of brain areas involved in reality perception, executive control, and cognition, including the corticolimbic system. Dendritic spines play a crucial role in excitatory neurotransmission within the central nervous system. These small structures exhibit remarkable plasticity, regulated by factors such as neurotransmitter tone, neurotrophic factors, and innate immunity-related molecules, and other mechanisms - all of which are associated with the pathophysiology of SMI. However, studying dendritic spine mechanisms in both healthy and pathological conditions in patients is fraught with technical limitations. This is where animal models related to these diseases become indispensable. They have played a pivotal role in elucidating the significance of dendritic spines in SMI. In this review, the information regarding the potential role of dendritic spines in SMI was summarized, drawing from clinical and animal model reports. Also, the implications of targeting dendritic spine-related molecules for SMI treatment were explored. Specifically, our focus is on major depressive disorder and the neurodevelopmental disorders schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. Abundant clinical and basic research has studied the functional and structural plasticity of dendritic spines in these diseases, along with potential pharmacological targets that modulate the dynamics of these structures. These targets may be associated with the clinical efficacy of the pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Reyes-Lizaola
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Licenciatura en Medicina, Universidad Popular del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ulises Luna-Zarate
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Licenciatura en Medicina, Universidad de las Américas Puebla (UDLAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Julio César Morales-Medina
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, CINVESTAV-Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico.
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12
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Mukherjee A, Halassa MM. The Associative Thalamus: A Switchboard for Cortical Operations and a Promising Target for Schizophrenia. Neuroscientist 2024; 30:132-147. [PMID: 38279699 PMCID: PMC10822032 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221112861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that profoundly perturbs cognitive processing. Despite the success in treating many of its symptoms, the field lacks effective methods to measure and address its impact on reasoning, inference, and decision making. Prefrontal cortical abnormalities have been well documented in schizophrenia, but additional dysfunction in the interactions between the prefrontal cortex and thalamus have recently been described. This dysfunction may be interpreted in light of parallel advances in neural circuit research based on nonhuman animals, which show critical thalamic roles in maintaining and switching prefrontal activity patterns in various cognitive tasks. Here, we review this basic literature and connect it to emerging innovations in clinical research. We highlight the value of focusing on associative thalamic structures not only to better understand the very nature of cognitive processing but also to leverage these circuits for diagnostic and therapeutic development in schizophrenia. We suggest that the time is right for building close bridges between basic thalamic research and its clinical translation, particularly in the domain of cognition and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Mukherjee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael M Halassa
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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13
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Cao Y, Wu Y, Dong Q, Huang N, Zou Z, Chen H. Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging quantifies microstructural impairment in the thalamus and its connectivity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14616. [PMID: 38334027 PMCID: PMC10853891 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate microstructural impairment in the thalamus and thalamocortical connectivity using neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS This study included 47 healthy controls and 43 ALS patients, whose structural and diffusion-weighted data were collected. We used state-of-the-art parallel transport tractography to identify thalamocortical pathways in individual spaces. Thalamus was then parcellated into six subregions based on its connectivity pattern with the priori defined cortical (i.e., prefrontal/motor/somatosensory/temporal/posterior-parietal/occipital) regions. For each of the thalamic and cortical subregions and thalamo-cortical tracts, we compared the following NODDI metrics between groups: orientation dispersion index (ODI), neurite density index (NDI), and isotropic volume fraction (ISO). We also used these metrics to conduct receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses and Spearman correlation. RESULTS In ALS patients, we found decreased ODI and increased ISO in the thalamic subregion connecting the left motor cortex and other extramotor (e.g., somatosensory and occipital) cortex (Bonferroni-corrected p < 0.05). NDI decreased in the bilateral thalamo-motor and thalamo-somatosensory tracts and in the right thalamo-posterior-parietal and thalamo-occipital tracts (Bonferroni-corrected p < 0.05). NDI reduction in the bilateral thalamo-motor tract (p = 0.017 and 0.009) and left thalamo-somatosensory tract (p = 0.029) was correlated with disease severity. In thalamo-cortical tracts, NDI yielded a higher effect size during between-group comparisons and a greater area under ROC (p < 0.05) compared with conventional diffusion tensor imaging metrics. CONCLUSIONS Microstructural impairment in the thalamus and thalamocortical connectivity is the hallmark of ALS. NODDI improved the detection of disrupted thalamo-cortical connectivity in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun‐Bin Cao
- Department of RadiologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Ye Wu
- School of Computer Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjingChina
| | - Qiu‐Yi Dong
- Department of RadiologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Nao‐Xin Huang
- Department of RadiologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Zhang‐Yu Zou
- Department of NeurologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Hua‐Jun Chen
- Department of RadiologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
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Khesmakhi MV, Salimi Z, Pourmotabbed A, Moradpour F, Rezayof A, Nedaei SE. The role of glutamate NMDA receptors of the mediodorsal thalamus in scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats. Neurosci Lett 2024; 820:137595. [PMID: 38096972 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The current study was designed to examine the role of glutamate NMDA receptors of the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) in scopolamine-induced memory impairment. Adult male rats were bilaterally cannulated into the MD. According to the results, intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of scopolamine (1.5 mg/kg) immediately after the training phase (post-training) impaired memory consolidation. Bilateral microinjection of the glutamate NMDA receptors agonist, N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA; 0.05 µg/rat), into the MD significantly improved scopolamine-induced memory consolidation impairment. Co-administration of D-AP5, a glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist (0.001-0.005 µg/rat, intra-MD) potentiated the response of an ineffective dose of scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) to impair memory consolidation, mimicking the response of a higher dose of scopolamine. Noteworthy, post-training intra-MD microinjections of the same doses of NMDA or D-AP5 alone had no effect on memory consolidation. Moreover, the blockade of the glutamate NMDA receptors by 0.003 ng/rat of D-AP5 prevented the improving effect of NMDA on scopolamine-induced amnesia. Thus, it can be concluded that the MD glutamatergic system may be involved in scopolamine-induced memory impairment via the NMDA receptor signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Salimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Pourmotabbed
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farshad Moradpour
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ameneh Rezayof
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ershad Nedaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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15
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Karavallil Achuthan S, Stavrinos D, Argueta P, Vanderburgh C, Holm HB, Kana RK. Thalamic functional connectivity and sensorimotor processing in neurodevelopmental disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1279909. [PMID: 38161799 PMCID: PMC10755010 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1279909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the earliest neurobiological findings in autism has been the differences in the thalamocortical pathway connectivity, suggesting the vital role thalamus plays in human experience. The present functional MRI study investigated resting-state functional connectivity of the thalamus in 49 (autistic, ADHD, and neurotypical) young adults. All participants underwent structural MRI and eyes-open resting state functional MRI scans. After preprocessing the imaging data using Conn's connectivity toolbox, a seed-based functional connectivity analysis was conducted using bilateral thalamus as primary seeds. Autistic participants showed stronger thalamic connectivity, relative to ADHD and neurotypical participants, between the right thalamus and right precentral gyrus, right pars opercularis-BA44, right postcentral gyrus, and the right superior parietal lobule (RSPL). Autistic participants also showed significantly increased connectivity between the left thalamus and the right precentral gyrus. Furthermore, regression analyses revealed a significant relationship between autistic traits and left thalamic-precentral connectivity (R2 = 0.1113), as well as between autistic traits and right postcentral gyrus and RSPL connectivity (R2 = 0.1204) in autistic participants compared to ADHD. These findings provide significant insights into the role of thalamus in coordinating neural information processing and its alterations in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smitha Karavallil Achuthan
- Department of Psychology and the Center for Innovative Research in Autism, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Despina Stavrinos
- Department of Psychology and the Institute of Social Science Research, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Paula Argueta
- Department of Psychology and the Center for Innovative Research in Autism, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Caroline Vanderburgh
- Department of Psychology and the Center for Innovative Research in Autism, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Haley B. Holm
- Children’s Hospital of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rajesh K. Kana
- Department of Psychology and the Center for Innovative Research in Autism, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
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16
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Lewis L, Corcoran M, Cho KIK, Kwak Y, Hayes RA, Larsen B, Jalbrzikowski M. Age-associated alterations in thalamocortical structural connectivity in youths with a psychosis-spectrum disorder. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 9:86. [PMID: 38081873 PMCID: PMC10713597 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-023-00411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Psychotic symptoms typically emerge in adolescence. Age-associated thalamocortical connectivity differences in psychosis remain unclear. We analyzed diffusion-weighted imaging data from 1254 participants 8-23 years old (typically developing (TD):N = 626, psychosis-spectrum (PS): N = 329, other psychopathology (OP): N = 299) from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. We modeled thalamocortical tracts using deterministic fiber tractography, extracted Q-Space Diffeomorphic Reconstruction (QSDR) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures, and then used generalized additive models to determine group and age-associated thalamocortical connectivity differences. Compared to other groups, PS exhibited thalamocortical reductions in QSDR global fractional anisotropy (GFA, p-values range = 3.0 × 10-6-0.05) and DTI fractional anisotropy (FA, p-values range = 4.2 × 10-4-0.03). Compared to TD, PS exhibited shallower thalamus-prefrontal age-associated increases in GFA and FA during mid-childhood, but steeper age-associated increases during adolescence. TD and OP exhibited decreases in thalamus-frontal mean and radial diffusivities during adolescence; PS did not. Altered developmental trajectories of thalamocortical connectivity may contribute to the disruptions observed in adults with psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Lewis
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mary Corcoran
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kang Ik K Cho
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - YooBin Kwak
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rebecca A Hayes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bart Larsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Maria Jalbrzikowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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17
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Saleem KS, Avram AV, Yen CCC, Magdoom KN, Schram V, Basser PJ. Multimodal anatomical mapping of subcortical regions in marmoset monkeys using high-resolution MRI and matched histology with multiple stains. Neuroimage 2023; 281:120311. [PMID: 37634884 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Subcortical nuclei and other deep brain structures play essential roles in regulating the central and peripheral nervous systems. However, many of these nuclei and their subregions are challenging to identify and delineate in conventional MRI due to their small size, hidden location, and often subtle contrasts compared to neighboring regions. To address these limitations, we scanned the whole brain of the marmoset monkeys in ex vivo using a clinically feasible diffusion MRI method, called the mean apparent propagator (MAP)-MRI, along with T2W and MTR (T1-like contrast) images acquired at 7 Tesla. Additionally, we registered these multimodal MRI volumes to the high-resolution images of matched whole-brain histology sections with seven different stains obtained from the same brain specimens. At high spatial resolution, the microstructural parameters and fiber orientation distribution functions derived with MAP-MRI can distinguish the subregions of many subcortical and deep brain structures, including fiber tracts of different sizes and orientations. The good correlation with multiple but distinct histological stains from the same brain serves as a thorough validation of the structures identified with MAP-MRI and other MRI parameters. Moreover, the anatomical details of deep brain structures found in the volumes of MAP-MRI parameters are not visible in conventional T1W or T2W images. The high-resolution mapping using novel MRI contrasts, combined and correlated with histology, can elucidate structures that were previously invisible radiologically. Thus, this multimodal approach offers a roadmap toward identifying salient brain areas in vivo in future neuroradiological studies. It also provides a useful anatomical standard reference for the region definition of subcortical targets and the generation of a 3D digital template atlas for the marmoset brain research (Saleem et al., 2023). Additionally, we conducted a cross-species comparison between marmoset and macaque monkeys using results from our previous studies (Saleem et al., 2021). We found that the two species had distinct patterns of iron distribution in subregions of the basal ganglia, red nucleus, and deep cerebellar nuclei, confirmed with T2W MRI and histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadharbatcha S Saleem
- Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences (SQITS), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM), Henry M. Jackson Foundation (HJF) for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, United States.
| | - Alexandru V Avram
- Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences (SQITS), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM), Henry M. Jackson Foundation (HJF) for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, United States
| | - Cecil Chern-Chyi Yen
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kulam Najmudeen Magdoom
- Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences (SQITS), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM), Henry M. Jackson Foundation (HJF) for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, United States
| | - Vincent Schram
- Microscopy and Imaging Core (MIC), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Peter J Basser
- Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences (SQITS), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
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18
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Venkatesh P, Wolfe C, Lega B. Neuromodulation of the anterior thalamus: Current approaches and opportunities for the future. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 5:100109. [PMID: 38020810 PMCID: PMC10663132 DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2023.100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of thalamocortical circuits in memory has driven a recent burst of scholarship, especially in animal models. Investigating this circuitry in humans is more challenging. And yet, the development of new recording and stimulation technologies deployed for clinical indications has created novel opportunities for data collection to elucidate the cognitive roles of thalamic structures. These technologies include stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG), deep brain stimulation (DBS), and responsive neurostimulation (RNS), all of which have been applied to memory-related thalamic regions, specifically for seizure localization and treatment. This review seeks to summarize the existing applications of neuromodulation of the anterior thalamic nuclei (ANT) and highlight several devices and their capabilities that can allow cognitive researchers to design experiments to assay its functionality. Our goal is to introduce to investigators, who may not be familiar with these clinical devices, the capabilities, and limitations of these tools for understanding the neurophysiology of the ANT as it pertains to memory and other behaviors. We also briefly cover the targeting of other thalamic regions including the centromedian (CM) nucleus, dorsomedial (DM) nucleus, and pulvinar, with associated potential avenues of experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Venkatesh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Cody Wolfe
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Bradley Lega
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
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Cuppens T, Shatto J, Mangnier L, Kumar AA, Ng ACH, Kaur M, Bui TA, Leclercq M, Droit A, Dunham I, Bolduc FV. Sex difference contributes to phenotypic diversity in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1172154. [PMID: 37609366 PMCID: PMC10441218 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1172154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Gain a better understanding of sex-specific differences in individuals with global developmental delay (GDD), with a focus on phenotypes and genotypes. Methods Using the Deciphering Developmental Disorders (DDD) dataset, we extracted phenotypic information from 6,588 individuals with GDD and then identified statistically significant variations in phenotypes and genotypes based on sex. We compared genes with pathogenic variants between sex and then performed gene network and molecular function enrichment analysis and gene expression profiling between sex. Finally, we contrasted individuals with autism as an associated condition. Results We identified significantly differentially expressed phenotypes in males vs. females individuals with GDD. Autism and macrocephaly were significantly more common in males whereas microcephaly and stereotypies were more common in females. Importantly, 66% of GDD genes with pathogenic variants overlapped between both sexes. In the cohort, males presented with only slightly increased X-linked genes (9% vs. 8%, respectively). Individuals from both sexes harbored a similar number of pathogenic variants overall (3) but females presented with a significantly higher load for GDD genes with high intolerance to loss of function. Sex difference in gene expression correlated with genes identified in a sex specific manner. While we identified sex-specific GDD gene mutations, their pathways overlapped. Interestingly, individuals with GDD but also co-morbid autism phenotypes, we observed distinct mutation load, pathways and phenotypic presentation. Conclusion Our study shows for the first time that males and females with GDD present with significantly different phenotypes. Moreover, while most GDD genes overlapped, some genes were found uniquely in each sex. Surprisingly they shared similar molecular functions. Sorting genes by predicted tolerance to loss of function (pLI) led to identifying an increased mutation load in females with GDD, suggesting potentially a tolerance to GDD genes of higher pLI compared to overall GDD genes. Finally, we show that considering associated conditions (for instance autism) may influence the genomic underpinning found in individuals with GDD and highlight the importance of comprehensive phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Cuppens
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Département de Médecine Moléculaire de L'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Shatto
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Loïc Mangnier
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Département de Médecine Moléculaire de L'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Ajay A. Kumar
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI); Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Cheuk-Him Ng
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Truong An Bui
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mickael Leclercq
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Département de Médecine Moléculaire de L'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Département de Médecine Moléculaire de L'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Ian Dunham
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI); Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Francois V. Bolduc
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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20
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Del Rocío Pérez Baca M, Jacobs EZ, Vantomme L, Leblanc P, Bogaert E, Dheedene A, De Cock L, Haghshenas S, Foroutan A, Levy MA, Kerkhof J, McConkey H, Chen CA, Batzir NA, Wang X, Palomares M, Carels M, Demaut B, Sadikovic B, Menten B, Yuan B, Vergult S, Callewaert B. A novel neurodevelopmental syndrome caused by loss-of-function of the Zinc Finger Homeobox 3 (ZFHX3) gene. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.22.23289895. [PMID: 37292950 PMCID: PMC10246128 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.22.23289895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) result from impaired development and functioning of the brain. Here, we identify loss-of-function variation in ZFHX3 as a novel cause for syndromic intellectual disability (ID). ZFHX3, previously known as ATBF1, is a zinc-finger homeodomain transcription factor involved in multiple biological processes including cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. Through international collaboration, we collected clinical and morphometric data (Face2Gene) of 41 individuals with protein truncating variants (PTVs) or (partial) deletions of ZFHX3 . We used data mining, RNA and protein analysis to identify the subcellular localization and spatiotemporal expression of ZFHX3 in multiple in vitro models. We identified the DNA targets of ZFHX3 using ChIP seq. Immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry indicated potential binding partners of endogenous ZFHX3 in neural stem cells that were subsequently confirmed by reversed co-immunoprecipitation and western blot. We evaluated a DNA methylation profile associated with ZFHX3 haploinsufficiency using DNA methylation analysis on whole blood extracted DNA of six individuals with ZFHX3 PTVs and four with a (partial) deletion of ZFHX3 . A reversed genetic approach characterized the ZFHX3 orthologue in Drosophila melanogaster . Loss-of-function variation of ZFHX3 consistently associates with (mild) ID and/or behavioural problems, postnatal growth retardation, feeding difficulties, and recognizable facial characteristics, including the rare occurrence of cleft palate. Nuclear abundance of ZFHX3 increases during human brain development and neuronal differentiation in neural stem cells and SH-SY5Y cells, ZFHX3 interacts with the chromatin remodelling BRG1/Brm-associated factor complex and the cleavage and polyadenylation complex. In line with a role for chromatin remodelling, ZFHX3 haploinsufficiency associates with a specific DNA methylation profile in leukocyte-derived DNA. The target genes of ZFHX3 are implicated in neuron and axon development. In Drosophila melanogaster , z fh2, considered to be the ZFHX3 orthologue, is expressed in the third instar larval brain. Ubiquitous and neuron-specific knockdown of zfh2 results in adult lethality underscoring a key role for zfh2 in development and neurodevelopment. Interestingly, ectopic expression of zfh2 as well as ZFHX3 in the developing wing disc results in a thoracic cleft phenotype. Collectively, our data shows that loss-of-function variants in ZFHX3 are a cause of syndromic ID, that associates with a specific DNA methylation profile. Furthermore, we show that ZFHX3 participates in chromatin remodelling and mRNA processing.
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21
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Xiao C, Wei J, Zhang GW, Tao C, Huang JJ, Shen L, Wickersham IR, Tao HW, Zhang LI. Glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in pontine central gray mediate opposing valence-specific behaviors through a global network. Neuron 2023; 111:1486-1503.e7. [PMID: 36893756 PMCID: PMC10164086 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Extracting the valence of environmental cues is critical for animals' survival. How valence in sensory signals is encoded and transformed to produce distinct behavioral responses remains not well understood. Here, we report that the mouse pontine central gray (PCG) contributes to encoding both negative and positive valences. PCG glutamatergic neurons were activated selectively by aversive, but not reward, stimuli, whereas its GABAergic neurons were preferentially activated by reward signals. The optogenetic activation of these two populations resulted in avoidance and preference behavior, respectively, and was sufficient to induce conditioned place aversion/preference. Suppression of them reduced sensory-induced aversive and appetitive behaviors, respectively. These two functionally opponent populations, receiving a broad range of inputs from overlapping yet distinct sources, broadcast valence-specific information to a distributed brain network with distinguishable downstream effectors. Thus, PCG serves as a critical hub to process positive and negative valences of incoming sensory signals and drive valence-specific behaviors with distinct circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyu Xiao
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jinxing Wei
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Guang-Wei Zhang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Can Tao
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Junxiang J Huang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Graduate Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ian R Wickersham
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Huizhong W Tao
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Center for Neural Circuits and Sensory Processing Disorders, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Li I Zhang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Center for Neural Circuits and Sensory Processing Disorders, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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22
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Saleem KS, Avram AV, Yen CCC, Magdoom KN, Schram V, Basser PJ. Multimodal anatomical mapping of subcortical regions in Marmoset monkeys using high-resolution MRI and matched histology with multiple stains. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.30.534950. [PMID: 37034636 PMCID: PMC10081239 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.30.534950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Subcortical nuclei and other deep brain structures play essential roles in regulating the central and peripheral nervous systems. However, many of these nuclei and their subregions are challenging to identify and delineate in conventional MRI due to their small size, hidden location, and often subtle contrasts compared to neighboring regions. To address these limitations, we scanned the whole brain of the marmoset monkeys in ex vivo using a clinically feasible diffusion MRI method, called the mean apparent propagator (MAP)-MRI, along with T2W and MTR (T1-like contrast) images acquired at 7 Tesla. Additionally, we registered these multimodal MRI volumes to the high-resolution images of matched whole-brain histology sections with seven different stains obtained from the same brain specimens. At high spatial resolution, the microstructural parameters and fiber orientation distribution functions derived with MAP-MRI can distinguish the subregions of many subcortical and deep brain structures, including fiber tracts of different sizes and orientations. The good correlation with multiple but distinct histological stains from the same brain serves as a thorough validation of the structures identified with MAP-MRI and other MRI parameters. Moreover, the anatomical details of deep brain structures found in the volumes of MAP-MRI parameters are not visible in conventional T1W or T2W images. The high-resolution mapping using novel MRI contrasts, combined and correlated with histology, can elucidate structures that were previously invisible radiologically. Thus, this multimodal approach offers a roadmap toward identifying salient brain areas in vivo in future neuroradiological studies. It also provides a useful anatomical standard reference for the region definition of subcortical targets and the generation of a 3D digital template atlas for the marmoset brain research (Saleem et al., 2023). Additionally, we conducted a cross-species comparison between marmoset and macaque monkeys using results from our previous studies (Saleem et al., 2021). We found that the two species had distinct patterns of iron distribution in subregions of the basal ganglia, red nucleus, and deep cerebellar nuclei, confirmed with T2W MRI and histology.
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23
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Mayorova L, Kushnir A, Sorokina V, Pradhan P, Radutnaya M, Zhdanov V, Petrova M, Grechko A. Rapid Effects of BCI-Based Attention Training on Functional Brain Connectivity in Poststroke Patients: A Pilot Resting-State fMRI Study. Neurol Int 2023; 15:549-559. [PMID: 37092505 PMCID: PMC10123620 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of stroke-induced cognitive impairment is high. Effective approaches to the treatment of these cognitive impairments after stroke remain a serious and perhaps underestimated challenge. A BCI-based task-focused training that results in repetitive recruitment of the normal motor or cognitive circuits may strengthen stroke-affected neuronal connectivity, leading to functional improvements. In the present controlled study, we attempted to evaluate the modulation of neuronal circuits under the influence of 10 days of training in a P3-based BCI speller in subacute ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Mayorova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology of Sensory Systems, 117485 Moscow, Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Anastasia Kushnir
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology of Sensory Systems, 117485 Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktoria Sorokina
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pranil Pradhan
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with Medical Rehabilitation Courses, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Margarita Radutnaya
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasiliy Zhdanov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Petrova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with Medical Rehabilitation Courses, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Grechko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with Medical Rehabilitation Courses, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
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Shin A, Park S, Shin W, Woo J, Jeong M, Kim J, Kim D. A brainstem-to-mediodorsal thalamic pathway mediates sound-induced arousal from slow-wave sleep. Curr Biol 2023; 33:875-885.e5. [PMID: 36754050 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Auditory-induced arousal is a defense mechanism of animals against potential dangers. Although the thalamus is the neural substrate that relays sensory information to the cortex, its function is reduced during slow-wave sleep (SWS), also known as deep sleep. Despite this, animals are capable of waking up in response to external sensory stimuli, suggesting the existence of neural circuits that are involved in this response. Here, we report that kainate-class-type ionotropic glutamate receptor subunit 4 (GRIK4)-positive mediodorsal (MD) thalamic neurons act as a neural substrate for arousals from SWS. These neurons become active during arousal from SWS and their photoactivation can induce arousal from SWS. Moreover, we show that these neurons are influenced by glutamatergic neurons in the brainstem, the activity of which increases during auditory-induced arousals. These results suggest that this brainstem-MD pathway can mediate wakefulness from SWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Shin
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyung Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyeon Shin
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Woo
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Jeong
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongjin Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daesoo Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Liu H, Liu N, Chong ST, Boon Yau EK, Ahmad Badayai AR. Effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on cognitive function: A systematic review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14057. [PMID: 36938399 PMCID: PMC10015206 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive function is essential for daily activities. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) may improve cognitive function by enhancing psychological flexibility, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of ACT on cognitive function. Seven research databases (PubMed, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, CNKI, Scopus, Wanfang) were searched to collect articles with trials published in English and Chinese. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, we identified 12 studies published between 1994 and 2022 that included a combined total of 904 participants. Among the included studies were within-group (N = 3) and randomized controlled trial (RCT, N = 9) study designs. Outcome measures included cognitive scales and behavioral measurements. Of the 12 articles, 10 studies showed improvements in certain domains of cognitive function due indirectly to ACT intervention. We found that the ability of ACT intervention to promote psychological flexibility is due to its transdiagnostic nature. Also, the effects of the ACT intervention were observed in multiple cognitive domains: attention, subjective cognitive function, executive function, and memory. In conclusion, cognitive trainers could consider practicing ACT as part of their strategy to enhance an individual's psychological flexibility and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Liu
- Centre for Research in Psychology and Human Well-Being, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Malaysia
- Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
- Hebei International Research Center of Medical Engineering, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Sheau Tsuey Chong
- Centre for Research in Psychology and Human Well-Being, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Malaysia
- Counselling Psychology Programme, Secretariat of Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600,Malaysia
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Malaysia.
| | - Eugene Koh Boon Yau
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Ahmad Badayai
- Centre for Research in Psychology and Human Well-Being, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Malaysia
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26
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Wang L, Wang M, Zhao C, Jian J, Qiao D. Association of HTR3B gene polymorphisms with depression and its executive dysfunction: a case-control study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:128. [PMID: 36849934 PMCID: PMC9972617 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that depression was associated with HTR3B gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of the HTR3B gene and depression and its executive dysfunction in Chinese Han population. METHODS A total of 229 patients with depressive disorder and 202 healthy controls were enrolled. Six Single nucleotide polymorphism sites (SNPs) including rs10789970, rs4938056, rs12421126, rs1176744, rs2276305 and rs12795805 were genotyped by Snapshot. Clinical features were collected using a general demographic questionnaire. The 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) was used to assess the symptoms' severity of the patients. The patients' executive function was assessed using a series of cognitive tests including Maze Test, Symbolic Coding Test, Spatial Span Inverse Order Test, Linking Test, and Emotional Management Test. RESULTS The genotypic and allelic distributions of rs1176744 in HTR3B gene were significantly different (χ2 = 11.129, P = 0.004, χ2 = 9.288, P = 0.002, respectively) between patients and controls. The A allele was positively correlated with depression. The proportion of A carriers was significantly higher and that of C carriers was lower in patients than those in controls. Patients had significantly lower scores of Spatial Span Inverse Order Test in carriers of A allele at locus rs1176744 and higher scores in carriers of C alleles at locus rs1176744 and rs12795805. CONCLUSIONS The polymorphisms of HTR3B gene may be associated with depression in Chinese Han population. The A allele of rs1176744 may increase the risk of developing depression and executive dysfunction while C alleles of rs1176744 and rs12795805 may be the protective factors for executive dysfunction in patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, Shandong, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, Shandong, China
| | - Chaoben Zhao
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, Shandong, China
| | - Jia Jian
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Dongdong Qiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
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27
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Santana NNM, Silva EHA, dos Santos SF, Costa MSMO, Nascimento Junior ES, Engelberth RCJG, Cavalcante JS. Retinorecipient areas in the common marmoset ( Callithrix jacchus): An image-forming and non-image forming circuitry. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1088686. [PMID: 36817647 PMCID: PMC9932520 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1088686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian retina captures a multitude of diverse features from the external environment and conveys them via the optic nerve to a myriad of retinorecipient nuclei. Understanding how retinal signals act in distinct brain functions is one of the most central and established goals of neuroscience. Using the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a monkey from Northeastern Brazil, as an animal model for parsing how retinal innervation works in the brain, started decades ago due to their marmoset's small bodies, rapid reproduction rate, and brain features. In the course of that research, a large amount of new and sophisticated neuroanatomical techniques was developed and employed to explain retinal connectivity. As a consequence, image and non-image-forming regions, functions, and pathways, as well as retinal cell types were described. Image-forming circuits give rise directly to vision, while the non-image-forming territories support circadian physiological processes, although part of their functional significance is uncertain. Here, we reviewed the current state of knowledge concerning retinal circuitry in marmosets from neuroanatomical investigations. We have also highlighted the aspects of marmoset retinal circuitry that remain obscure, in addition, to identify what further research is needed to better understand the connections and functions of retinorecipient structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelyane Nayara M. Santana
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Eryck H. A. Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Sâmarah F. dos Santos
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Miriam S. M. O. Costa
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Expedito S. Nascimento Junior
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Rovena Clara J. G. Engelberth
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jeferson S. Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,*Correspondence: Jeferson S. Cavalcante,
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28
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Bell RP, Towe SL, Al-Khalil K, Gibson M, Nadeem T, Meade CS. Additive cortical gray matter deficits in people living with HIV who use cocaine. J Neurovirol 2023; 29:53-64. [PMID: 36787045 PMCID: PMC10516130 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-023-01111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine use, which is disproportionately common in people living with HIV (PWH), is known to have neurotoxic effects that may exacerbate HIV neuropathogenesis. While both cocaine use and HIV disease are independently associated with deficits in gray matter (GM) volume, the additive effect of cocaine use to HIV disease on GM volume has not been explored. Here, we investigated subcortical and cortical brain volume differences between four groups of individuals with and without HIV disease and/or cocaine use. Participants also completed a comprehensive neuropsychological testing battery, and HIV disease characteristics were recorded. Within subcortical regions, cocaine use was independently associated with higher volume in the dorsal striatum and pallidum, while HIV disease was associated with lower volume in the nucleus accumbens and thalamus. For cortical regions, there was an additive effect of cocaine use on HIV disease in parietal and occipital lobe volume with PWH who used cocaine displaying the lowest GM volume. Within regions that differed between groups, higher neurocognitive function was positively associated with thalamic, nucleus accumbens, dorsal striatum, and occipital lobe volume. For regions that showed a significant main effect of HIV disease, lower nadir CD4 + T cell count was associated with lower nucleus accumbens and occipital lobe volume. Lower current CD4 + T cell count was associated with lower occipital lobe volume. These results suggest that PWH who use cocaine are at greater risk for cortical atrophy than cocaine use or HIV disease alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Bell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Sheri L Towe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Kareem Al-Khalil
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Matthew Gibson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Tauseef Nadeem
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Christina S Meade
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Campus, Box 3918, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
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29
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Zheng B, Liu DD, Theyel BB, Abdulrazeq H, Kimata AR, Lauro PM, Asaad WF. Thalamic neuromodulation in epilepsy: A primer for emerging circuit-based therapies. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:123-140. [PMID: 36731858 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2176752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epilepsy is a common, often debilitating disease of hyperexcitable neural networks. While medically intractable cases may benefit from surgery, there may be no single, well-localized focus for resection or ablation. In such cases, approaching the disease from a network-based perspective may be beneficial. AREAS COVERED Herein, the authors provide a narrative review of normal thalamic anatomy and physiology and propose general strategies for preventing and/or aborting seizures by modulating this structure. Additionally, they make specific recommendations for targeting the thalamus within different contexts, motivated by a more detailed discussion of its distinct nuclei and their respective connectivity. By describing important principles governing thalamic function and its involvement in seizure networks, the authors aim to provide a primer for those now entering this fast-growing field of thalamic neuromodulation for epilepsy. EXPERT OPINION The thalamus is critically involved with the function of many cortical and subcortical areas, suggesting it may serve as a compelling node for preventing or aborting seizures, and so it has increasingly been targeted for the surgical treatment of epilepsy. As various thalamic neuromodulation strategies for seizure control are developed, there is a need to ground such interventions in a mechanistic, circuit-based framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Zheng
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - David D Liu
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Brian B Theyel
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hael Abdulrazeq
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Anna R Kimata
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Peter M Lauro
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Wael F Asaad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,The Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,The Norman Prince Neurosciences Institute, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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30
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Bonham LW, Geier EG, Sirkis DW, Leong JK, Ramos EM, Wang Q, Karydas A, Lee SE, Sturm VE, Sawyer RP, Friedberg A, Ichida JK, Gitler AD, Sugrue L, Cordingley M, Bee W, Weber E, Kramer JH, Rankin KP, Rosen HJ, Boxer AL, Seeley WW, Ravits J, Miller BL, Yokoyama JS. Radiogenomics of C9orf72 Expansion Carriers Reveals Global Transposable Element Derepression and Enables Prediction of Thalamic Atrophy and Clinical Impairment. J Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 36446586 DOI: 10.1101/2022.04.29.490104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) within C9orf72 is the most common genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Thalamic atrophy occurs in both sporadic and familial FTD but is thought to distinctly affect HRE carriers. Separately, emerging evidence suggests widespread derepression of transposable elements (TEs) in the brain in several neurodegenerative diseases, including C9orf72 HRE-mediated FTD (C9-FTD). Whether TE activation can be measured in peripheral blood and how the reduction in peripheral C9orf72 expression observed in HRE carriers relates to atrophy and clinical impairment remain unknown. We used FreeSurfer software to assess the effects of C9orf72 HRE and clinical diagnosis (n = 78 individuals, male and female) on atrophy of thalamic nuclei. We also generated a novel, human, whole-blood RNA-sequencing dataset to determine the relationships among peripheral C9orf72 expression, TE activation, thalamic atrophy, and clinical severity (n = 114 individuals, male and female). We confirmed global thalamic atrophy and reduced C9orf72 expression in HRE carriers. Moreover, we identified disproportionate atrophy of the right mediodorsal lateral nucleus in HRE carriers and showed that C9orf72 expression associated with clinical severity, independent of thalamic atrophy. Strikingly, we found global peripheral activation of TEs, including the human endogenous LINE-1 element L1HS L1HS levels were associated with atrophy of multiple pulvinar nuclei, a thalamic region implicated in C9-FTD. Integration of peripheral transcriptomic and neuroimaging data from human HRE carriers revealed atrophy of specific thalamic nuclei, demonstrated that C9orf72 levels relate to clinical severity, and identified marked derepression of TEs, including L1HS, which predicted atrophy of FTD-relevant thalamic nuclei.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Pathogenic repeat expansion in C9orf72 is the most frequent genetic cause of FTD and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; C9-FTD/ALS). The clinical, neuroimaging, and pathologic features of C9-FTD/ALS are well characterized, whereas the intersections of transcriptomic dysregulation and brain structure remain largely unexplored. Herein, we used a novel radiogenomic approach to examine the relationship between peripheral blood transcriptomics and thalamic atrophy, a neuroimaging feature disproportionately impacted in C9-FTD/ALS. We confirmed reduction of C9orf72 in blood and found broad dysregulation of transposable elements-genetic elements typically repressed in the human genome-in symptomatic C9orf72 expansion carriers, which associated with atrophy of thalamic nuclei relevant to FTD. C9orf72 expression was also associated with clinical severity, suggesting that peripheral C9orf72 levels capture disease-relevant information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke W Bonham
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Ethan G Geier
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Transposon Therapeutics, San Diego, California 92122
| | - Daniel W Sirkis
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Josiah K Leong
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701
| | - Eliana Marisa Ramos
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Qing Wang
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Anna Karydas
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Suzee E Lee
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Virginia E Sturm
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Russell P Sawyer
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Adit Friedberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Justin K Ichida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033
| | - Aaron D Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Leo Sugrue
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | | | - Walter Bee
- Transposon Therapeutics, San Diego, California 92122
| | - Eckard Weber
- Transposon Therapeutics, San Diego, California 92122
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katherine P Rankin
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - William W Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - John Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, ALS Translational Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jennifer S Yokoyama
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Bonham LW, Geier EG, Sirkis DW, Leong JK, Ramos EM, Wang Q, Karydas A, Lee SE, Sturm VE, Sawyer RP, Friedberg A, Ichida JK, Gitler AD, Sugrue L, Cordingley M, Bee W, Weber E, Kramer JH, Rankin KP, Rosen HJ, Boxer AL, Seeley WW, Ravits J, Miller BL, Yokoyama JS. Radiogenomics of C9orf72 Expansion Carriers Reveals Global Transposable Element Derepression and Enables Prediction of Thalamic Atrophy and Clinical Impairment. J Neurosci 2023; 43:333-345. [PMID: 36446586 PMCID: PMC9838702 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1448-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) within C9orf72 is the most common genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Thalamic atrophy occurs in both sporadic and familial FTD but is thought to distinctly affect HRE carriers. Separately, emerging evidence suggests widespread derepression of transposable elements (TEs) in the brain in several neurodegenerative diseases, including C9orf72 HRE-mediated FTD (C9-FTD). Whether TE activation can be measured in peripheral blood and how the reduction in peripheral C9orf72 expression observed in HRE carriers relates to atrophy and clinical impairment remain unknown. We used FreeSurfer software to assess the effects of C9orf72 HRE and clinical diagnosis (n = 78 individuals, male and female) on atrophy of thalamic nuclei. We also generated a novel, human, whole-blood RNA-sequencing dataset to determine the relationships among peripheral C9orf72 expression, TE activation, thalamic atrophy, and clinical severity (n = 114 individuals, male and female). We confirmed global thalamic atrophy and reduced C9orf72 expression in HRE carriers. Moreover, we identified disproportionate atrophy of the right mediodorsal lateral nucleus in HRE carriers and showed that C9orf72 expression associated with clinical severity, independent of thalamic atrophy. Strikingly, we found global peripheral activation of TEs, including the human endogenous LINE-1 element L1HS L1HS levels were associated with atrophy of multiple pulvinar nuclei, a thalamic region implicated in C9-FTD. Integration of peripheral transcriptomic and neuroimaging data from human HRE carriers revealed atrophy of specific thalamic nuclei, demonstrated that C9orf72 levels relate to clinical severity, and identified marked derepression of TEs, including L1HS, which predicted atrophy of FTD-relevant thalamic nuclei.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Pathogenic repeat expansion in C9orf72 is the most frequent genetic cause of FTD and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; C9-FTD/ALS). The clinical, neuroimaging, and pathologic features of C9-FTD/ALS are well characterized, whereas the intersections of transcriptomic dysregulation and brain structure remain largely unexplored. Herein, we used a novel radiogenomic approach to examine the relationship between peripheral blood transcriptomics and thalamic atrophy, a neuroimaging feature disproportionately impacted in C9-FTD/ALS. We confirmed reduction of C9orf72 in blood and found broad dysregulation of transposable elements-genetic elements typically repressed in the human genome-in symptomatic C9orf72 expansion carriers, which associated with atrophy of thalamic nuclei relevant to FTD. C9orf72 expression was also associated with clinical severity, suggesting that peripheral C9orf72 levels capture disease-relevant information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke W Bonham
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Ethan G Geier
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Transposon Therapeutics, San Diego, California 92122
| | - Daniel W Sirkis
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Josiah K Leong
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701
| | - Eliana Marisa Ramos
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Qing Wang
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Anna Karydas
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Suzee E Lee
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Virginia E Sturm
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Russell P Sawyer
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Adit Friedberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Justin K Ichida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033
| | - Aaron D Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Leo Sugrue
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | | | - Walter Bee
- Transposon Therapeutics, San Diego, California 92122
| | - Eckard Weber
- Transposon Therapeutics, San Diego, California 92122
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katherine P Rankin
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - William W Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - John Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, ALS Translational Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jennifer S Yokoyama
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Li J, Mountz EJ, Mizuno A, Shah AM, Weinstein A, Cohen AD, Klunk WE, Snitz BE, Aizenstein HJ, Karim HT. Functional Asymmetry During Working Memory and Its Association with Markers of Alzheimer's Disease in Cognitively Normal Older Adults. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:1077-1089. [PMID: 37638440 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits asymmetrically early in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This process is variable and has been associated with asymmetric hypometabolism. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether neural asymmetry during working memory and executive function processing was associated with AD genetic risk and markers of AD as well as other brain neuropathology biomarkers, cognitive function, and cognitive reserve in cognitively normal older adults. METHODS We analyzed data from 77 cognitively healthy, older adults who completed functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and cognitive testing. We identified regions of significant activation and asymmetry during the Digital Symbol Substitution Task (DSST). We examined associations between regions with significant hemispheric asymmetry (directional and absolute) and global cerebral Aβ, cerebral glucose metabolism, white matter hyperintensities, APOE ɛ4 allele status, DSST reaction time, age, sex, education, and cognitive function. RESULTS Asymmetry was not associated with several factors including cognitive function, Aβ, and white matter hyperintensities. The presence of at least one ɛ4 APOE allele in participants was associated with less asymmetric activation in the angular gyrus (right dominant activation). Greater education was associated with less asymmetric activation in mediodorsal thalamus (left dominant activation). CONCLUSIONS Genetic risk of AD was associated with lower asymmetry in angular gyrus activation, while greater education was associated with lower asymmetry in mediodorsal thalamus activation. Changes in asymmetry may reflect components of compensation or cognitive reserve. Asymmetric neural recruitment during working memory may be related to maintenance of cognitive function in cognitively normal older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghang Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Mountz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Akiko Mizuno
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ashti M Shah
- Physician Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrea Weinstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ann D Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - William E Klunk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Beth E Snitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Howard J Aizenstein
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Helmet T Karim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Chibaatar E, Watanabe K, Okamoto N, Orkhonselenge N, Natsuyama T, Hayakawa G, Ikenouchi A, Kakeda S, Yoshimura R. Volumetric assessment of individual thalamic nuclei in patients with drug-naïve, first-episode major depressive disorder. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1151551. [PMID: 37032922 PMCID: PMC10073419 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1151551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the previous inconsistent findings of structural and functional abnormalities of the thalamus in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), the disruption of the thalamic nuclei in the pathophysiology of this disorder has not yet been adequately studied. Therefore, we investigated the volumetric changes of thalamic subregions and their nuclei in drug-naïve, first-episode MDD patients. We also investigated the association between HAM-D scores, a clinical scale frequently used to evaluate the severity of depression and thalamic nuclei volumes in MDD patients. Methods This study included 76 drug-naïve MDD patients and an equal number of healthy subjects. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were obtained using a 3T MR system and thalamic nuclei volumes were evaluated using FreeSurfer ver.7.11. The volumetric differences were compared by one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and to ensure that effects were not accounted for by other factors, age, sex, and ETICV variables were included as covariates. Results We observed significant volume reductions of the left whole thalamus (p < 0.003) and several thalamic nuclei mostly on the left side in the MDD group compared with healthy controls (HCs). Furthermore, we have revealed weak negative correlations between several thalamic nuclei volumes and HAM-D total and subscale scores. Discussion This is the first research study to investigate alterations of the various thalamic nuclei volumes in MDD patients compared with HCs. Moreover, we first analyzed the association between individual thalamic nuclei volumes and HAM-D subscale scores. Though our study may be restricted at certain levels, especially by the demographic difference between the two groups, they possibly contribute at a preliminary level to understanding the thalamic structural changes at its subregions in patients with drug-naïve, first-episode MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhmurun Chibaatar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Keita Watanabe
- Open Innovation Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naomichi Okamoto
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Nasanbadrakh Orkhonselenge
- Department of Second Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Tomoya Natsuyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Gaku Hayakawa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ikenouchi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shingo Kakeda
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Reiji Yoshimura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- *Correspondence: Reiji Yoshimura,
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Forno G, Saranathan M, Contador J, Guillen N, Falgàs N, Tort-Merino A, Balasa M, Sanchez-Valle R, Hornberger M, Lladó A. Thalamic nuclei changes in early and late onset Alzheimer's disease. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2023.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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Banaei-Boroujeni G, Rezayof A, Alijanpour S, Nazari-Serenjeh F. Targeting mediodorsal thalamic CB1 receptors to inhibit dextromethorphan-induced anxiety/exploratory-related behaviors in rats: The post-weaning effect of exercise and enriched environment on adulthood anxiety. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 157:212-222. [PMID: 36495603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Dextromethorphan (DXM) is an effective over-the-counter antitussive with an alarming increase as an abused drug for recreational purposes. Although reports of the association between DXM administration and anxiety, there are few investigations into the underlying DMX mechanisms of anxiogenic action. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the role of the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1Rs) in DXM-induced anxiety/exploratory-related behaviors in adult male Wistar rats. Animals were bilaterally cannulated in the MD regions. After one week, anxiety and exploratory behaviors were measured using an elevated plus-maze task (EPM) and a hole-board apparatus. Results showed that DXM (3-7 mg/kg, i. p.) dose-dependently increased anxiety-like behaviors. Intra-MD administration of ACPA (2.5-10 ng/rat), a selective CB1 receptor agonist, decreased anxiety-like effects of DXM. The blockade of MD CB1 receptors by AM-251 (40-120 ng/rat) did not affect the EPM task. However, it potentiated the anxiogenic response of an ineffective dose of DXM (3 mg/kg) in the animals. Moreover, the effect of post-weaning treadmill exercise (TEX) and enriched environment (EE) were examined in adulthood anxiety under the drug treatments. Juvenile rats were divided into TEX/EE and control groups. The TEX/EE-juvenile rats were placed on a treadmill and then exposed to EE for five weeks. Interestingly, compared to untreated animals, post-weaning TEX/EE inhibited the anxiety induced by DXM or AM-251/DXM. It can be concluded that the MD endocannabinoid system plays an essential role in the anxiogenic effect of dextromethorphan. Moreover, post-weaning exercise alongside an enriched environment may have an inhibitory effect on adulthood anxiety-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnoush Banaei-Boroujeni
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Rezayof
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sakineh Alijanpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
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Williams CM, Peyre H, Ramus F. Brain volumes, thicknesses, and surface areas as mediators of genetic factors and childhood adversity on intelligence. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:5885-5895. [PMID: 36533516 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although genetic and environmental factors influence general intelligence (g-factor), few studies examined the neuroanatomical measures mediating environmental and genetic effects on intelligence. Here, we investigate the brain volumes, cortical mean thicknesses, and cortical surface areas mediating the effects of the g-factor polygenic score (gPGS) and childhood adversity on the g-factor in the UK Biobank. We first examined the global and regional brain measures that contribute to the g-factor. Most regions contributed to the g-factor through global brain size. Parieto-frontal integration theory (P-FIT) regions were not more associated with the g-factor than non-PFIT regions. After adjusting for global brain size and regional associations, only a few regions predicted intelligence and were included in the mediation analyses. We conducted mediation analyses on global measures, regional volumes, mean thicknesses, and surface areas, separately. Total brain volume mediated 7.04% of the gPGS' effect on the g-factor and 2.50% of childhood adversity's effect on the g-factor. In comparison, the fraction of the gPGS and childhood adversity's effects mediated by individual regional volumes, surfaces, and mean thicknesses was 10-15 times smaller. Therefore, genetic and environmental effects on intelligence may be mediated to a larger extent by other brain properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille M Williams
- Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, Département d'Études Cognitives, École Normale Supérieure, EHESS, CNRS, PSL University, 29 rue d'ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Peyre
- Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, Département d'Études Cognitives, École Normale Supérieure, EHESS, CNRS, PSL University, 29 rue d'ulm, 75005, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR 1141, Paris Diderot University, 48 Bd Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, 48 Bd Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Franck Ramus
- Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, Département d'Études Cognitives, École Normale Supérieure, EHESS, CNRS, PSL University, 29 rue d'ulm, 75005, Paris, France
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Benoit LJ, Canetta S, Kellendonk C. Thalamocortical Development: A Neurodevelopmental Framework for Schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:491-500. [PMID: 35550792 PMCID: PMC9999366 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of increased vulnerability for the development of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) undergoes substantial maturation during this period, and PFC dysfunction is central to cognitive impairments in schizophrenia. As a result, impaired adolescent maturation of the PFC has been proposed as a mechanism in the etiology of the disorder and its cognitive symptoms. In adulthood, PFC function is tightly linked to its reciprocal connections with the thalamus, and acutely inhibiting thalamic inputs to the PFC produces impairments in PFC function and cognitive deficits. Here, we propose that thalamic activity is equally important during adolescence because it is required for proper PFC circuit development. Because thalamic abnormalities have been observed early in the progression of schizophrenia, we further postulate that adolescent thalamic dysfunction can have long-lasting consequences for PFC function and cognition in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Benoit
- Graduate Program in Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Sarah Canetta
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Christoph Kellendonk
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York.
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38
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Allam AK, Larkin MB, McGinnis JP, Viswanathan A. Neuroablative central lateral thalamotomy for chronic neuropathic pain. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2022; 3:999891. [PMID: 36176711 PMCID: PMC9513204 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.999891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuropathic pain refractory to medical management can be debilitating and can seriously affect one's quality of life. The interest of ablative surgery for the treatment or palliation of chronic neuropathic pain, cancer-related or chemotherapy-induced, has grown. Numerous regions along the nociceptive pathways have been prominent targets including the various nuclei of the thalamus. Traditional targets include the medial pulvinar, central median, and posterior complex thalamic nuclei. However, there has been little research regarding the role of the central lateral nucleus. In this paper, we aim to summarize the anatomy, pathophysiology, and patient experiences of the central lateral thalamotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony K. Allam
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - M. Benjamin Larkin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John P. McGinnis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ashwin Viswanathan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson, Houston, TX, United States
- Correspondence: Ashwin Viswanathan
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39
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Block CL, Eroglu O, Mague SD, Smith CJ, Ceasrine AM, Sriworarat C, Blount C, Beben KA, Malacon KE, Ndubuizu N, Talbot A, Gallagher NM, Chan Jo Y, Nyangacha T, Carlson DE, Dzirasa K, Eroglu C, Bilbo SD. Prenatal environmental stressors impair postnatal microglia function and adult behavior in males. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111161. [PMID: 35926455 PMCID: PMC9438555 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational exposure to environmental toxins and socioeconomic stressors is epidemiologically linked to neurodevelopmental disorders with strong male bias, such as autism. We model these prenatal risk factors in mice by co-exposing pregnant dams to an environmental pollutant and limited-resource stress, which robustly activates the maternal immune system. Only male offspring display long-lasting behavioral abnormalities and alterations in the activity of brain networks encoding social interactions. Cellularly, prenatal stressors diminish microglial function within the anterior cingulate cortex, a central node of the social coding network, in males during early postnatal development. Precise inhibition of microglial phagocytosis within the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of wild-type (WT) mice during the same critical period mimics the impact of prenatal stressors on a male-specific behavior, indicating that environmental stressors alter neural circuit formation in males via impairing microglia function during development. Block et al. show that combined exposure to air pollution and maternal stress during pregnancy activates the maternal immune system and induces male-specific impairments in social behavior and circuit connectivity in offspring. Cellularly, prenatal stressors diminish microglia phagocytic function, and inhibition of microglia phagocytosis phenocopies behavioral deficits from prenatal stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina L Block
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Oznur Eroglu
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Stephen D Mague
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Caroline J Smith
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alexis M Ceasrine
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Cameron Blount
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kathleen A Beben
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Karen E Malacon
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nkemdilim Ndubuizu
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Austin Talbot
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Neil M Gallagher
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Young Chan Jo
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Timothy Nyangacha
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David E Carlson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kafui Dzirasa
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Cagla Eroglu
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Staci D Bilbo
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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40
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Cox E, Tseng J, Bells S, Dockstader C, Laughlin S, Bouffet E, de Medeiros C, Mabbott DJ. Neural and cognitive function in a pediatric brain injury model: The impact of task complexity. Cortex 2022; 155:307-321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Larson AC, Didier R, Daszewska-Smith G, Chang J, Sridharan A, Agarwal D, Carreon CK, Sanders SP, Toba S, Partridge E. The fetal lamb model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia shows altered cerebral perfusion using contrast enhanced ultrasound. J Pediatr Surg 2022; 57:991-998. [PMID: 35346482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental impairment is common in survivors of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Altered cerebral perfusion in utero may contribute to abnormal brain development in CDH patients. METHODS 5 fetal lambs with surgical left-CDH and 5 controls underwent transuterine cranial Doppler and contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Global and regional perfusion metrics were obtained. Biometric and perfusion data were compared between groups via nonparametric Mann Whitney U test and Spearman's rank order correlation. RESULTS No significant differences in cerebral Doppler measurements were identified between groups. By CEUS, CDH animals demonstrated significantly decreased global brain perfusion and increased transit time. With focal regions-of-interest (ROIs), there was a tendency towards decreased perfusion in the central/thalamic region in CDH but not in the peripheral brain parenchyma. Transit time was significantly increased in both ROIs in CDH, whereas flux rate was decreased in the central/thalamic region but not the peripheral brain parenchyma. Biometric CDH severity was correlated to perfusion deficit. There was no difference in cardiomyocyte histology. CONCLUSION The fetal lamb model of CDH shows altered cerebral perfusion as measured by CEUS, correlating to disease severity. This suggests a physiological abnormality in fetal cerebrovascular perfusion that may contribute to abnormal brain development and neurodevelopmental impairment in survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby C Larson
- Center for Fetal Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ryne Didier
- Center for Fetal Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gabriela Daszewska-Smith
- Center for Fetal Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan Chang
- Center for Fetal Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anush Sridharan
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Divyansh Agarwal
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chrystalle Katte Carreon
- Cardiac Registry, Departments of Cardiology, Pathology, and Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen P Sanders
- Cardiac Registry, Departments of Cardiology, Pathology, and Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuhei Toba
- Cardiac Registry, Departments of Cardiology, Pathology, and Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Emily Partridge
- Center for Fetal Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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42
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Ouhaz Z, Perry BAL, Nakamura K, Mitchell AS. Mediodorsal Thalamus Is Critical for Updating during Extradimensional Shifts But Not Reversals in the Attentional Set-Shifting Task. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0162-21.2022. [PMID: 35105661 PMCID: PMC8906789 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0162-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive flexibility, attributed to frontal cortex, is vital for navigating the complexities of everyday life. The mediodorsal thalamus (MD), interconnected to frontal cortex, may influence cognitive flexibility. Here, male rats performed an attentional set-shifting task measuring intradimensional (ID) and extradimensional (ED) shifts in sensory discriminations. MD lesion rats needed more trials to learn the rewarded sensory dimension. However, once the choice response strategy was established, learning further two-choice discriminations in the same sensory dimension, and reversals of the reward contingencies in the same dimension, were unimpaired. Critically though, MD lesion rats were impaired during the ED shift, when they must rapidly update the optimal choice response strategy. Behavioral analyses showed MD lesion rats had significantly reduced correct within-trial second choice responses. This evidence shows that transfer of information via the MD is critical when rapid within-trial updates in established choice response strategies are required after a rule change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Ouhaz
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SR, United Kingdom
- Institut Supérieur des Professions Infirmières et Techniques de la Santé, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Brook A L Perry
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SR, United Kingdom
| | - Kouichi Nakamura
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TH, United Kingdom
| | - Anna S Mitchell
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SR, United Kingdom
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Tomé DF, Sadeh S, Clopath C. Coordinated hippocampal-thalamic-cortical communication crucial for engram dynamics underneath systems consolidation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:840. [PMID: 35149680 PMCID: PMC8837777 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Systems consolidation refers to the time-dependent reorganization of memory representations or engrams across brain regions. Despite recent advancements in unravelling this process, the exact mechanisms behind engram dynamics and the role of associated pathways remain largely unknown. Here we propose a biologically-plausible computational model to address this knowledge gap. By coordinating synaptic plasticity timescales and incorporating a hippocampus-thalamus-cortex circuit, our model is able to couple engram reactivations across these regions and thereby reproduce key dynamics of cortical and hippocampal engram cells along with their interdependencies. Decoupling hippocampal-thalamic-cortical activity disrupts systems consolidation. Critically, our model yields testable predictions regarding hippocampal and thalamic engram cells, inhibitory engrams, thalamic inhibitory input, and the effect of thalamocortical synaptic coupling on retrograde amnesia induced by hippocampal lesions. Overall, our results suggest that systems consolidation emerges from coupled reactivations of engram cells in distributed brain regions enabled by coordinated synaptic plasticity timescales in multisynaptic subcortical-cortical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadra Sadeh
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Claudia Clopath
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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44
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Huang CJ, Zhou X, Yuan X, Zhang W, Li MX, You MZ, Zhu XQ, Sun ZW. Contribution of Inflammation and Hypoperfusion to White Matter Hyperintensities-Related Cognitive Impairment. Front Neurol 2022; 12:786840. [PMID: 35058875 PMCID: PMC8763977 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.786840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) of presumed vascular origin are one of the most important neuroimaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), which are closely associated with cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to elucidate the pathogenesis of WMHs from the perspective of inflammation and hypoperfusion mechanisms. A total of 65 patients with WMHs and 65 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Inflammatory markers measurements [hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2)], cognitive evaluation, and pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) MRI scanning were performed in all the subjects. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Lp-PLA2 was an independent risk factor for WMHs. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the whole brain, gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), left orbital medial frontal gyrus [MFG.L (orbital part)], left middle temporal gyrus (MTG.L), and right thalamus (Tha.R) in the patients was lower than those in the controls and CBF in the left triangular inferior frontal gyrus [IFG.L (triangular part)] was higher in the patients than in the controls. There was a significant correlation between Lp-PLA2 levels and CBF in the whole brain (R = -0.417, p < 0.001) and GM (R = -0.278, p = 0.025), but not in the WM in the patients. Moreover, CBF in the MFG.L (orbital part) and the Tha.R was, respectively, negatively associated with the trail making test (TMT) and the Stroop color word test (SCWT), suggesting the higher CBF, the better executive function. The CBF in the IFG.L (triangular part) was negatively correlated with attention scores in the Cambridge Cognitive Examination-Chinese Version (CAMCOG-C) subitems (R = -0.288, p = 0.020). Our results revealed the vascular inflammation roles in WMHs, which may through the regulation of CBF in the whole brain and GM. Additionally, CBF changes in different brain regions may imply a potential role in the modulation of cognitive function in different domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Juan Huang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming-Xu Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng-Zhe You
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Qun Zhu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhong-Wu Sun
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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45
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The human mediodorsal thalamus: Organization, connectivity, and function. Neuroimage 2022; 249:118876. [PMID: 34998970 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The human mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) is crucial for higher cognitive functions, while the fine anatomical organization of the MD and the function of each subregion remain elusive. In this study, using high-resolution data provided by the Human Connectome Project, an anatomical connectivity-based method was adopted to unveil the topographic organization of the MD. Four fine-grained subregions were identified in each hemisphere, including the medial (MDm), central (MDc), dorsal (MDd), and lateral (MDl), which recapitulated previous cytoarchitectonic boundaries from histological studies. The subsequent connectivity analysis of the subregions also demonstrated distinct anatomical and functional connectivity patterns, especially with the prefrontal cortex. To further evaluate the function of MD subregions, partial least squares analysis was performed to examine the relationship between different prefrontal-subregion connectivity and behavioral measures in 1012 subjects. The results showed subregion-specific involvement in a range of cognitive functions. Specifically, the MDm predominantly subserved emotional-cognition domains, while the MDl was involved in multiple cognitive functions especially cognitive flexibility and inhibition. The MDc and MDd were correlated with fluid intelligence, processing speed, and emotional cognition. In conclusion, our work provides new insights into the anatomical and functional organization of the MD and highlights the various roles of the prefrontal-thalamic circuitry in human cognition.
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46
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Zilcha‐Mano S, Zhu X, Lazarov A, Suarez‐Jimenez B, Helpman L, Kim Y, Maitlin C, Neria Y, Rutherford BR. Structural brain features signaling trauma, PTSD, or resilience? A systematic exploration. Depress Anxiety 2022; 39:695-705. [PMID: 35708133 PMCID: PMC9588504 DOI: 10.1002/da.23275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have searched for neurobiological markers of trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis, and resilience to trauma to identify therapeutic targets for PTSD. Despite some promising results, findings are inconsistent. AIMS The present study adopted a data-driven approach to systematically explore whether structural brain markers of trauma, PTSD, or resilience emerge when all are explored. MATERIALS & METHODS Differences between clusters in the proportion of PTSD, healthy controls (HC), and trauma-exposed healthy controls (TEHC) served to indicate the presence of PTSD, trauma, and resilience markers, respectively. A total of 129 individuals, including 46 with PTSD, 49 TEHCs, and 34 HCs not exposed to trauma were scanned. Volumes, cortical thickness, and surface areas of interest were obtained from T1 structural MRI and used to identify data-driven clusters. RESULTS Two clusters were identified, differing in the proportion of TEHCs but not of PTSDs or HCs. The cluster with the higher proportion of TEHCs, referred to as the resilience cluster, was characterized by higher volume in brain regions implicated in trauma exposure, especially the thalamus and rostral middle frontal gyrus. Cross-validation established the robustness and consistency of the identified clusters. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION Findings support the existence of structural brain markers of resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xi Zhu
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Amit Lazarov
- School of Psychological SciencesTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael,Department of PsychiatryColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Benjamin Suarez‐Jimenez
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA,Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Liat Helpman
- Department of Counseling and Human DevelopmentUniversity of HaifaMount CarmelHaifaIsrael,Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael
| | - Yoojean Kim
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Carly Maitlin
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Yuval Neria
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Bret R. Rutherford
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric InstituteNew York CityNew YorkUSA
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Matar E, Brooks D, Lewis SJ, Halliday GM. Limbic thalamus atrophy is associated with visual hallucinations in Lewy body disorders. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 112:122-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Robles DA, Boreland AJ, Pang ZP, Zahn JD. A Cerebral Organoid Connectivity Apparatus to Model Neuronal Tract Circuitry. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:1574. [PMID: 34945423 PMCID: PMC8706388 DOI: 10.3390/mi12121574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mental disorders have high prevalence, but the efficacy of existing therapeutics is limited, in part, because the pathogenic mechanisms remain enigmatic. Current models of neural circuitry include animal models and post-mortem brain tissue, which have allowed enormous progress in understanding the pathophysiology of mental disorders. However, these models limit the ability to assess the functional alterations in short-range and long-range network connectivity between brain regions that are implicated in many mental disorders, e.g., schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. This work addresses these limitations by developing an in vitro model of the human brain that models the in vivo cerebral tract environment. In this study, microfabrication and stem cell differentiation techniques were combined to develop an in vitro cerebral tract model that anchors human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cerebral organoids (COs) and provides a scaffold to promote the formation of a functional connecting neuronal tract. Two designs of a Cerebral Organoid Connectivity Apparatus (COCA) were fabricated using SU-8 photoresist. The first design contains a series of spikes which anchor the CO to the COCA (spiked design), whereas the second design contains flat supporting structures with open holes in a grid pattern to anchor the organoids (grid design); both designs allow effective media exchange. Morphological and functional analyses reveal the expression of key neuronal markers as well as functional activity and signal propagation along cerebral tracts connecting CO pairs. The reported in vitro models enable the investigation of critical neural circuitry involved in neurodevelopmental processes and has the potential to help devise personalized and targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise A. Robles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 89 French Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (A.J.B.); (Z.P.P.)
| | - Andrew J. Boreland
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 89 French Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (A.J.B.); (Z.P.P.)
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Zhiping P. Pang
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 89 French Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (A.J.B.); (Z.P.P.)
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, One Robert Wood Johnson Place, MEB, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Zahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
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High-resolution mapping and digital atlas of subcortical regions in the macaque monkey based on matched MAP-MRI and histology. Neuroimage 2021; 245:118759. [PMID: 34838750 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Subcortical nuclei and other deep brain structures are known to play an important role in the regulation of the central and peripheral nervous systems. It can be difficult to identify and delineate many of these nuclei and their finer subdivisions in conventional MRI due to their small size, buried location, and often subtle contrast compared to neighboring tissue. To address this problem, we applied a multi-modal approach in ex vivo non-human primate (NHP) brain that includes high-resolution mean apparent propagator (MAP)-MRI and five different histological stains imaged with high-resolution microscopy in the brain of the same subject. By registering these high-dimensional MRI data to high-resolution histology data, we can map the location, boundaries, subdivisions, and micro-architectural features of subcortical gray matter regions in the macaque monkey brain. At high spatial resolution, diffusion MRI in general, and MAP-MRI in particular, can distinguish a large number of deep brain structures, including the larger and smaller white matter fiber tracts as well as architectonic features within various nuclei. Correlation with histology from the same brain enables a thorough validation of the structures identified with MAP-MRI. Moreover, anatomical details that are evident in images of MAP-MRI parameters are not visible in conventional T1-weighted images. We also derived subcortical template "SC21" from segmented MRI slices in three-dimensions and registered this volume to a previously published anatomical template with cortical parcellation (Reveley et al., 2017; Saleem and Logothetis, 2012), thereby integrating the 3D segmentation of both cortical and subcortical regions into the same volume. This newly updated three-dimensional D99 digital brain atlas (V2.0) is intended for use as a reference standard for macaque neuroanatomical, functional, and connectional imaging studies, involving both cortical and subcortical targets. The SC21 and D99 digital templates are available as volumes and surfaces in standard NIFTI and GIFTI formats.
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50
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Mapping thalamocortical functional connectivity with large-scale brain networks in patients with first-episode psychosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19815. [PMID: 34615924 PMCID: PMC8494789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99170-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal thalamocortical networks involving specific thalamic nuclei have been implicated in schizophrenia pathophysiology. While comparable topography of anatomical and functional connectivity abnormalities has been reported in patients across illness stages, previous functional studies have been confined to anatomical pathways of thalamocortical networks. To address this issue, we incorporated large-scale brain network dynamics into examining thalamocortical functional connectivity. Forty patients with first-episode psychosis and forty healthy controls underwent T1-weighted and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Independent component analysis of voxelwise thalamic functional connectivity maps parcellated the cortex into thalamus-related networks, and thalamic subdivisions associated with these networks were delineated. Functional connectivity of (1) networks with the thalamus and (2) thalamic subdivision seeds were examined. In patients, functional connectivity of the salience network with the thalamus was decreased and localized to the ventrolateral (VL) and ventroposterior (VP) thalamus, while that of a network comprising the cerebellum, temporal and parietal regions was increased and localized to the mediodorsal (MD) thalamus. In patients, thalamic subdivision encompassing the VL and VP thalamus demonstrated hypoconnectivity and that encompassing the MD and pulvinar regions demonstrated hyperconnectivity. Our results extend the implications of disrupted thalamocortical networks involving specific thalamic nuclei to dysfunctional large-scale brain network dynamics in schizophrenia pathophysiology.
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