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Knez M, Ranić M, Gurinović M. Underutilized plants increase biodiversity, improve food and nutrition security, reduce malnutrition, and enhance human health and well-being. Let's put them back on the plate! Nutr Rev 2024; 82:1111-1124. [PMID: 37643733 PMCID: PMC11233877 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The global food system depends on a limited number of plant species. Plants with unsatisfactory nutritional value are overproduced, whereas the wide variety of nutrient-rich plant species used in earlier times remains neglected. Basing our diet on a few crops has wide-ranging negative consequences on nutrition and food security. Although still under-researched, underutilized plants are slowly starting to receive increased recognition. These plants have superior nutritional content and immense potential to contribute to food and nutrition security and increased sustainability. This narrative review provides evidence to encourage the promotion, domestication, and commercialization of underutilized plants. The anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects of some of underutilized plants are presented in this review. The outstanding ability of forgotten plants to increase food and nutrition security, boost dietary diversity, reduce malnutrition, and enhance human health and well-being is demonstrated. The main barriers and obstacles to reintroducing underutilized foods are reviewed and recommendations for overcoming nutrition and dietary-related challenges for re-establishing underutilized plants into the global food system are presented. The expansion of underutilized plants for human use is of paramount importance. The exceptional nutritional properties, bioactive potential, and proven health benefits of underutilized plants indicate that increased promotion, domestication, and commercialization of these plants should be strongly supported. Besides health benefits, marginalized plants have the potential to enhance human well-being and improve people's lives in many ways, retain biodiversity, and develop local economies. Therefore, underutilized plants should be used in the broader context of well-balanced and healthy diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Knez
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Capacity Development Network in Nutrition in Central and Eastern Europe, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Ranić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Capacity Development Network in Nutrition in Central and Eastern Europe, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Gurinović
- Capacity Development Network in Nutrition in Central and Eastern Europe, Belgrade, Serbia
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2
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Knorr D, Augustin MA. Expanding our food supply: underutilized resources and resilient processing technologies. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 38989972 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Many underutilized food resources have been traditionally used by regional and poor communities. The history of their consumption makes them potential new food sources for incorporation into the wider food supply. The ability to tap the potential of undervalued and underutilized food sources will reduce the world's reliance on a limited number of food sources and improve food security and sustainability. The expansion of the food diversity of the food supply to include underutilized food resources will require overcoming challenges in the efficient and profitable production of the raw material, application of suitable postharvest handling procedures to maintain the quality of perishable produce, and the use of appropriate traditional and emerging food processing technologies for conversion of the raw material into safe, nutritious and consumer-acceptable foods. Improvement of food processing technologies, particularly resource-efficient resilient food processes, are required to ensure the safety, quality and functionality of the whole food or extracts, and to develop ingredient formulations containing new foods for manufacture of consumer food products. Factors that help facilitate the social acceptance of new underutilized foods include increasing consumer knowledge and understanding of the contribution of new underutilized food resources to diet diversity for good nutrition, confidence in the safety and value of new foods, and their low environmental impact and importance for future sustainable food. The introduction of new underutilized food resources will increasingly require collaboration along the whole food value chain, including support from government and industry. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietrich Knorr
- Food Biotechnology and Food Process Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mary Ann Augustin
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
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Odeku OA, Ogunniyi QA, Ogbole OO, Fettke J. Forgotten Gems: Exploring the Untapped Benefits of Underutilized Legumes in Agriculture, Nutrition, and Environmental Sustainability. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1208. [PMID: 38732424 PMCID: PMC11085438 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
In an era dominated by conventional agricultural practices, underutilized legumes termed "Forgotten Gems" represent a reservoir of untapped benefits with the unique opportunity to diversify agricultural landscapes and enhance global food systems. Underutilized crops are resistant to abiotic environmental conditions such as drought and adapt better to harsh soil and climatic conditions. Underutilized legumes are high in protein and secondary metabolites, highlighting their role in providing critical nutrients and correcting nutritional inadequacies. Their ability to increase dietary variety and food security emerges as a critical component of their importance. Compared to mainstream crops, underutilized legumes have been shown to reduce the environmental impact of climate change. Their capacity for nitrogen fixation and positive impact on soil health make them sustainable contributors to biodiversity conservation and environmental balance. This paper identifies challenges and proposes strategic solutions, showcasing the transformative impact of underutilized legumes on agriculture, nutrition, and sustainability. These "Forgotten Gems" should be recognized, integrated into mainstream agricultural practices, and celebrated for their potential to revolutionize global food production while promoting environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyin A. Odeku
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200132, Nigeria;
| | - Queeneth A. Ogunniyi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200132, Nigeria; (Q.A.O.); (O.O.O.)
| | - Omonike O. Ogbole
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200132, Nigeria; (Q.A.O.); (O.O.O.)
| | - Joerg Fettke
- Biopolymer Analytics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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Jia C, Lai Q, Zhu Y, Feng J, Dan X, Zhang Y, Long Z, Wu J, Wang Z, Qumu X, Wang R, Wang J. Intergrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the potential regulatory mechanism of unique dihydroxy fatty acid biosynthesis in the seeds of an industrial oilseed crop Orychophragmus violaceus. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:29. [PMID: 38172664 PMCID: PMC10765717 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09906-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orychophragmus violaceus is a potentially important industrial oilseed crop due to the two 24-carbon dihydroxy fatty acids (diOH-FA) that was newly identified from its seed oil via a 'discontinuous elongation' process. Although many research efforts have focused on the diOH-FA biosynthesis mechanism and identified the potential co-expressed diacylglycerol acyltranferase (DGAT) gene associated with triacylglycerol (TAG)-polyestolides biosynthesis, the dynamics of metabolic changes during seed development of O. violaceus as well as its associated regulatory network changes are poorly understood. RESULTS In this study, by combining metabolome and transcriptome analysis, we identified that 1,003 metabolites and 22,479 genes were active across four stages of seed development, which were further divided into three main clusters based on the patterns of metabolite accumulation and/or gene expression. Among which, cluster2 was mostly related to diOH-FA biosynthesis pathway. We thus further constructed transcription factor (TF)-structural genes regulatory map for the genes associated with the flavonoids, fatty acids and diOH-FA biosynthesis pathway in this cluster. In particular, several TF families such as bHLH, B3, HD-ZIP, MYB were found to potentially regulate the metabolism associated with the diOH-FA pathway. Among which, multiple candidate TFs with promising potential for increasing the diOH-FA content were identified, and we further traced the evolutionary history of these key genes among species of Brassicaceae. CONCLUSION Taken together, our study provides new insight into the gene resources and potential relevant regulatory mechanisms of diOH-FA biosynthesis uniquely in seeds of O. violaceus, which will help to promote the downstream breeding efforts of this potential oilseed crop and advance the bio-lubricant industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Lai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiman Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuming Dan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqin Long
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiali Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiner Qumu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Ghosh S, Meyer-Rochow VB, Jung C. Embracing Tradition: The Vital Role of Traditional Foods in Achieving Nutrition Security. Foods 2023; 12:4220. [PMID: 38231593 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In a press release from the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 2019, it was reported that, currently, a mere 12 plants and 5 animal species account for approximately 75% of global food production [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampat Ghosh
- Agriculture Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Chuleui Jung
- Agriculture Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
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Zhang X, Chen Y, Wang L, Yuan Y, Fang M, Shi L, Lu R, Comes HP, Ma Y, Chen Y, Huang G, Zhou Y, Zheng Z, Qiu Y. Pangenome of water caltrop reveals structural variations and asymmetric subgenome divergence after allopolyploidization. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad203. [PMID: 38046854 PMCID: PMC10689057 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Water caltrop (Trapa spp., Lythraceae) is a traditional but currently underutilized non-cereal crop. Here, we generated chromosome-level genome assemblies for the two diploid progenitors of allotetraploid Trapa. natans (4x, AABB), i.e., diploid T. natans (2x, AA) and Trapa incisa (2x, BB). In conjunction with four published (sub)genomes of Trapa, we used gene-based and graph-based pangenomic approaches and a pangenomic transposable element (TE) library to develop Trapa genomic resources. The pangenome displayed substantial gene-content variation with dispensable and private gene clusters occupying a large proportion (51.95%) of the total cluster sets in the six (sub)genomes. Genotyping of presence-absence variation (PAVs) identified 40 453 PAVs associated with 2570 genes specific to A- or B-lineages, of which 1428 were differentially expressed, and were enriched in organ development process, organic substance metabolic process and response to stimulus. Comparative genome analyses showed that the allotetraploid T. natans underwent asymmetric subgenome divergence, with the B-subgenome being more dominant than the A-subgenome. Multiple factors, including PAVs, asymmetrical amplification of TEs, homeologous exchanges (HEs), and homeolog expression divergence, together affected genome evolution after polyploidization. Overall, this study sheds lights on the genome architecture and evolution of Trapa, and facilitates its functional genomic studies and breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhang
- Systematic and Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Systematic and Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Lingyun Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Characteristic Aquatic Vegetable Breeding and Cultivation, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery), Jinhua, 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing, 314016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingya Fang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Characteristic Aquatic Vegetable Breeding and Cultivation, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery), Jinhua, 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Characteristic Aquatic Vegetable Breeding and Cultivation, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery), Jinhua, 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruisen Lu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hans Peter Comes
- Department of Environment & Biodiversity, Salzburg University, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Yazhen Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Guizhou Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaisheng Zheng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Characteristic Aquatic Vegetable Breeding and Cultivation, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery), Jinhua, 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingxiong Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
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Verbeecke V, Custódio L, Strobbe S, Van Der Straeten D. The role of orphan crops in the transition to nutritional quality-oriented crop improvement. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108242. [PMID: 37640278 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient malnutrition is a persisting problem threatening global human health. Biofortification via metabolic engineering has been proposed as a cost-effective and short-term means to alleviate this burden. There has been a recent rise in the recognition of potential that underutilized, orphan crops can hold in decreasing malnutrition concerns. Here, we illustrate how orphan crops can serve as a medium to provide micronutrients to populations in need, whilst promoting and maintaining dietary diversity. We provide a roadmap, illustrating which aspects to be taken into consideration when evaluating orphan crops. Recent developments have shown successful biofortification via metabolic engineering in staple crops. This review provides guidance in the implementation of these successes to relevant orphan crop species, with a specific focus on the relevant micronutrients iron, zinc, provitamin A and folates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Verbeecke
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura Custódio
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simon Strobbe
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Van Der Straeten
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Ali Z, Hakeem S, Wiehle M, Saddique MAB, Habib-ur-Rahman M. Prioritizing strategies for wheat biofortification: Inspiration from underutilized species. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20208. [PMID: 37818015 PMCID: PMC10560789 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between malnutrition and climate change is still poorly understood but a comprehensive knowledge of their interactions is needed to address the global public health agenda. Limited studies have been conducted to propose robust and economic-friendly strategies to augment the food basket with underutilized species and biofortify the staples for nutritional security. Sea-buckthorn is a known "superfood" rich in vitamin C and iron content. It is found naturally in northern hemispherical temperate Eurasia and can be utilized as a model species for genetic biofortification in cash crops like wheat. This review focuses on the impacts of climate change on inorganic (iron, zinc) and organic (vitamin C) micronutrient malnutrition employing wheat as highly domesticated crop and processed food commodity. As iron and zinc are particularly stored in the outer aleurone and endosperm layers, they are prone to processing losses. Moreover, only 5% Fe and 25% Zn are bioavailable once consumed calling to enhance the bioavailability of these micronutrients. Vitamin C converts non-available iron (Fe3+) to available form (Fe2+) and helps in the synthesis of ferritin while protecting it from degradation at the same time. Similarly, reduced phytic acid content also enhances its bioavailability. This relation urges scientists to look for a common mechanism and genes underlying biosynthesis of vitamin C and uptake of Fe/Zn to biofortify these micronutrients concurrently. The study proposes to scale up the biofortification breeding strategies by focusing on all dimensions i.e., increasing micronutrient content and boosters (vitamin C) and simultaneously reducing anti-nutritional compounds (phytic acid). Mutually, this review identified that genes from the Aldo-keto reductase family are involved both in Fe/Zn uptake and vitamin C biosynthesis and can potentially be targeted for genetic biofortification in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar Ali
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Programs and Projects Department, Islamic Organization for Food Security, Mangilik Yel Ave. 55/21 AIFC, Unit 4, C4.2, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Sadia Hakeem
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Martin Wiehle
- Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Kassel, Steinstrasse 19, D-37213, Witzenhausen, Germany
- Centre for International Rural Development, University of Kassel, Steinstrasse 19, D-37213, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | | | - Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science Group, University of Bonn, Germany
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Gupta A, Tiwari RK, Agnihotri R, Padalia K, Mishra S, Dwivedi S. A critical analysis of various post-harvest arsenic removal treatments of rice and their impact on public health due to nutrient loss. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1073. [PMID: 37615784 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11669-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is particularly susceptible to arsenic (As) accumulation. Currently, to decrease the level of As accumulated in rice, various post-harvest methods, i.e., polishing, parboiling, pH-dependent soaking, washing, and cooking at different rice-to-water ratios (r/w), are being focused, because it removes significant amount of As from rice grain. Depending upon the rice variety and type, i.e., rough (with husk), husked (without husk/brown), or polished rice, these methods can remove 39-54% As by parboiling, 38-55% by polishing, 37-63% by soaking, and 6-80% by washing and cooking. Infants are highly vulnerable to As exposure; thus, these methods can be helpful for the production of rice-based infant foods. Although concern arises during the use of these methods that apart from decreasing the level of As in rice grain, they also lead to a significant loss of nutrients, such as macro- and micro-elements present in rice. Among these discussed methods, parboiling curtails 5-59%, polishing curtails 6-96%, soaking curtails 33-83%, and washing and cooking in different r/w reduce 8-81% of essential nutrients resulting in 2-90% reduction in contribution to the RDI of these nutrients through rice-based diet. Thus, these post-harvest arsenic removal methods, although reduce arsenic induced health hazard, but may also lead to malnutrition and compromised health in the population based on rice diet. There is a need to explore another way to reduce As from rice without compromising the nutrient availability or to supplement these nutrients through grain enrichment or by introducing additional dietary sources by changing eating habits; however, this may impose an extra economic burden on people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorv Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Tiwari
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Ruchi Agnihotri
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Kalpana Padalia
- Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Seema Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India.
| | - Sanjay Dwivedi
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India.
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Pereira AG, Cassani L, Liu C, Li N, Chamorro F, Barreira JCM, Simal-Gandara J, Prieto MA. Camellia japonica Flowers as a Source of Nutritional and Bioactive Compounds. Foods 2023; 12:2825. [PMID: 37569093 PMCID: PMC10417519 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, plants have strengthened their relevance as sources of molecules potentially beneficial for health. This underpinning effect also arises from the extensive research that has been conducted on plants that are typically undervalued, besides being scarcely used. This is the case with Camellia japonica in Galicia (NW Spain), where, despite its abundance, it is exclusively used for ornamental purposes and has been studied only for its proximate composition. Thus, the present study was conducted on several additional parameters in the flowers of eight C. japonica varieties. Our results show that camellia has a high nutritional value, with carbohydrates as the most abundant macronutrients followed by a moderate protein content (4.4-6.3 g/100 g dry weight) and high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (especially ω-3 fatty acids, which represent 12.9-22.7% of the total fatty acids), raising its potential for use for nutritional purposes. According to the thermochemical characterization and elemental composition of camellia, the raw material has poor mineralization and low nitrogen content, but high percentages of volatile matter and high carbon-fixation rates, making it a promising alternative for biofuel production. Furthermore, preliminary analysis reveals a high concentration of different bioactive compounds. As a result of these findings, camellias can be used as food or functional ingredients to improve the nutritional quality of food formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antia G. Pereira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (A.G.P.); (L.C.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Lucia Cassani
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (A.G.P.); (L.C.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250000, China;
| | - Ningyang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266005, China;
| | - Franklin Chamorro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (A.G.P.); (L.C.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - João C. M. Barreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (A.G.P.); (L.C.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Miguel A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (A.G.P.); (L.C.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
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Ashfaq A, Osama K, Yousuf O, Younis K. Sustainable Nonfarm Approaches to Achieve Zero Hunger and Its Unveiled Reality. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37399190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c09095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Millions of people worldwide are deprived of sufficient, safe, and nutritious food required for an everyday and healthy life. The hunger crisis is worsening over time, even though many attempts have been made to minimize it. Increasing world population and competition for natural resources, climate change, natural disasters, urbanization, poverty, and illiteracy are the main causes that need to be addressed to reduce the hunger crisis. Various nonfarm technologies are being used to eradicate hunger but their long-term impact on the environment should also be considered. The real sustainability of several novel technologies being implemented to deal with hunger is an issue to tackle. This paper discusses the potential applications of storage facilities, underutilized crops, waste valorization, food preservation, nutritionally enriched novel food products, and technological advancement in food processing to achieve zero hunger. An attempt has also been made to address the sustainability of various nonfarm technology utilized to minimize the global hunger crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alweera Ashfaq
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Khwaja Osama
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Owais Yousuf
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir 192122, India
| | - Kaiser Younis
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir 192122, India
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Ali A, Bhattacharjee B. Nutrition security, constraints, and agro-diversification strategies of neglected and underutilized crops to fight global hidden hunger. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1144439. [PMID: 37426189 PMCID: PMC10324569 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1144439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neglected and underutilized crop species (NUCS) or forbidden crops offer tremendous potential to combat malnutrition, poverty, and global hidden hunger. Since overdependence on a few dominant cereal crops, viz., rice, maize, and wheat, is insufficient to meet the global food energy intake, the identification, genetic improvement, and implementation of various policies for wenumerates comprehensive comparative analyses of the nutrient profile of staple crops vs. potent underutilized crops with reference to cultivation constraints and climate resilience with different agro-diversification strategies. Methodology The research databases Scopus, JSTOR, Web of Science, EBSCO, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Academic Search were searched using relevant research queries. Result Out of 2,345 hits, 99 articles pertinent to the subject domain showed that underutilized crops are nutritionally superior, contain health-promoting bioactive components, and are more climate resilient than cereal crops. However, several constraints hinder the efficient utilization of these crops. Discussion Despite underutilized crops' many health benefits, improved cultivation techniques for the large-scale production of these crops are still in their infancy. Most of the time, however, the scientific knowledge gleaned from various study domains stays within the scientific community. The most crucial need of the hour, therefore, is an efficient network structure connecting governments, farmers, researchers, and people in business. Moreover, care must be taken to ensure that the policies of governments and INGOs/NGOs are properly implemented within a NUCS framework.
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Teketelew BB, Bayleyegn B, Berta DM, Enawgaw B, Woldu B. Anemia and associated factors among internally displaced children at Debark refugee camp, North Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285627. [PMID: 37163488 PMCID: PMC10171677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children in refugee camps, due to their living conditions, are the most vulnerable groups to suffer from anemia. Nutritional deficiencies, especially iron deficiency is the most common causes of anemia. However, there is limited information on the prevalence and associated factors of anemia in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among internally displaced children at Debark refugee camp, Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 354 internally displaced children, at Debark refugee camp from March to May 2022. A systematic sampling technique was employed. The socio demographic characteristics were collected by using structured questionnaire via face-to-face interview with the caregivers. The hemoglobin level was determined using HemoCue301+. Form anemic children, venous blood sample was collected for iron profile analysis. Parasitological and anthropometric measurements were also done. The data were entered using Epi-data version 4.6.0.6 and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Bi-variable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis were done. Both crude odds ratio and adjusted odds ratio with the corresponding 95% confidence interval were calculated to measure the strength of association. P-Value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant association. RESULTS From the total of 354 children included in this study, more than half (54.8%) of them were male. The median age of children was 7 years with interquartile range of (4-10) years. The total prevalence of anemia in this study was 33.62% (95% CI:28.7, 38.7). Moderate type anemia was predominant in this study. From anemic children 30 (25.2%) had iron deficiency anemia. In this study, low dietary diversity (AOR = 4.9; 95% CI: 2.0, 11.7), duration in the camp more than six months (AOR = 4.2; 95% CI:1.9, 9.4), presence of diarrhea (AOR = 2.7; 95% CI:1.3, 5.7), fever (AOR = 3.4; 95% CI:1.6, 7.1), and wasting (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI:1.3, 10.3) were significantly associated with the prevalence of anemia. CONCLUSION Anemia was moderate public health problem in the current study. Focused policies and strategies towards to internally displaced children should be designed to reduce anemia, by preventing the significant risk factors associated with anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisrat Birke Teketelew
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Bayleyegn
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Dereje Mengesha Berta
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bamlaku Enawgaw
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu Woldu
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Mohidin SRNSP, Moshawih S, Hermansyah A, Asmuni MI, Shafqat N, Ming LC. Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz): A Systematic Review for the Pharmacological Activities, Traditional Uses, Nutritional Values, and Phytochemistry. J Evid Based Integr Med 2023; 28:2515690X231206227. [PMID: 37822215 PMCID: PMC10571719 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x231206227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is considered one of the essential tuber crops, serving as a dietary staple food for various populations. This systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of the nutritional and therapeutic properties of cassava, which is an important dietary staple and traditional medicine. The review aims to evaluate and summarize the phytochemical components of cassava and their association with pharmacological activities, traditional uses, and nutritional importance in global food crises. To collect all relevant information, electronic databases; Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Preprint Platforms were searched for studies on cassava from inception until October 2022. A total of 1582 studies were screened, while only 34 were included in this review. The results of the review indicate that cassava has diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic effects, and wound healing properties. However, more studies that aim to isolate the phytochemicals in cassava extracts and evaluate their pharmacological property are necessary to further validate their medical and nutritional values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Said Moshawih
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Andi Hermansyah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mohd Ikmal Asmuni
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Naeem Shafqat
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
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Kennedy G, Wang Z, Maundu P, Hunter D. The role of traditional knowledge and food biodiversity to transform modern food systems. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Rondevaldova J, Novy P, Tauchen J, Drabek O, Kotikova Z, Dajcl J, Mascellani A, Chrun R, Nguon S, Kokoska L. Determination of antioxidants, minerals and vitamins in Cambodian underutilized fruits and vegetables. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01630-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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17
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Bhagwat SA. Catalyzing transformative futures in food and farming for global sustainability. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1009020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This perspective article highlights the need for transformation in food and farming at three scales to promote a food system that meets UN Sustainable Development Goals. Food insecurity is still a persistent problem globally because of how food and farming sector is currently organized vs. how it should be organized if cultural traditions, environmental concerns, and nutritional needs of the world's growing population were foregrounded. The article argues that system-wide transformations are needed at different scales: landscape (macro), species (meso) and genes (micro). It suggests alternatives available for food and farming sector and identifies transformative pathways that are more sustainable in cultural, social and environmental terms. A better management of farming landscapes; diversification of the food system to include a wider range of species; and better use of neglected and underutilized species, varieties and cultivars of plants, and breeds of animals, in the food system can help to catalyze such a transformation. This can go a long way in promoting global sustainability by achieving three key UN Sustainable Development Goals: 2 (Zero Hunger), 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing) and 15 (Life on Land).
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Qi L, Shi Y, Li C, Liu J, Chong SL, Lim KJ, Si J, Han Z, Chen D. Glucomannan in Dendrobium catenatum: Bioactivities, Biosynthesis and Perspective. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1957. [PMID: 36360194 PMCID: PMC9690530 DOI: 10.3390/genes13111957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium catenatum is a classical and precious dual-use plant for both medicine and food in China. It was first recorded in Shen Nong's Herbal Classic, and has the traditional functions of nourishing yin, antipyresis, tonifying the stomach, and promoting fluid production. The stem is its medicinal part and is rich in active polysaccharide glucomannan. As an excellent dietary fiber, glucomannan has been experimentally confirmed to be involved in anti-cancer, enhancing immunity, lowering blood sugar and blood lipids, etc. Here, the status quo of the D. catenatum industry, the structure, bioactivities, biosynthesis pathway and key genes of glucomannan are systematically described to provide a crucial foundation and theoretical basis for understanding the value of D. catenatum and the potential application of glucomannan in crop biofortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Cong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China
- National Innovation Alliance of Dendrobium catenatum Industry, Engineering Technology Research Center of Dendrobium catenatum of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China
- National Innovation Alliance of Dendrobium catenatum Industry, Engineering Technology Research Center of Dendrobium catenatum of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Sun-Li Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Kean-Jin Lim
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jinping Si
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China
- National Innovation Alliance of Dendrobium catenatum Industry, Engineering Technology Research Center of Dendrobium catenatum of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Zhigang Han
- National Innovation Alliance of Dendrobium catenatum Industry, Engineering Technology Research Center of Dendrobium catenatum of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Donghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China
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Filho WL, Setti AFF, Azeiteiro UM, Lokupitiya E, Donkor FK, Etim NN, Matandirotya N, Olooto FM, Sharifi A, Nagy GJ, Djekic I. An overview of the interactions between food production and climate change. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156438. [PMID: 35660578 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of how food production influences climate change and also illustrates the impact of climate change on food production. To perform such an overview, the (inter)link between different parts of the food supply chain continuum (agriculture production, livestock farming, food processing, food transport and storing, retail food, and disposal of food waste) and climate change has been investigated through a bibliometric analysis. Besides UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13, associated with climate change, other SDGs that are associated with this overview are goals #1, #2, #3, #6, #7, #12, and #15. Based on the evidence gathered, the paper provides some recommendations that may assist in efforts to reduce the climate-related impacts of food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Leal Filho
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK; European School of Sustainability Science and Research, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Germany.
| | - Andréia Faraoni Freitas Setti
- Department of Biology, CESAM Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ulisses M Azeiteiro
- Department of Biology, CESAM Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Erandathie Lokupitiya
- Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka.
| | - Felix Kwabena Donkor
- College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences (CAES), University of South Africa (UNISA), 28 Pioneer Ave, Florida Park, Roodepoort 1709, South Africa
| | | | - Newton Matandirotya
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Felicia Motunrayo Olooto
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension Services, Faculty of Agriculture, PMB 1530, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Ayyoob Sharifi
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Network for Education and Research on Peace and Sustainability, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.
| | - Gustavo J Nagy
- Instituto de Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales (IECA), Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.
| | - Ilija Djekic
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Guha Mallick R, Pramanik S, Pandit MK, Gupta AK, Roy S, Jambhulkar S, Sarker A, Nath R, Bhattacharyya S. Radiosensitivity of seedling traits to varying gamma doses, optimum dose determination and variation in determined doses due to different time of sowings after irradiation and methods of irradiation in faba bean genotypes. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 99:534-550. [PMID: 35938753 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2107723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Three experiments were conducted to assess the effect of different doses of gamma radiation on various seedling traits; determine the optimum doses of gamma radiation for different faba bean genotypes; find out the variation in optimum doses with respect to the different times of sowings after irradiation and methods of irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five faba bean genotypes viz., L-2013-060, L-2013-092, Anandnagar Local, Gazipur Local and Bangla Gangachar were used in these experiments. In Experiment I, seeds of five experimental genotypes were exposed to different doses (100 Gy 200 Gy, 300 Gy, 400 Gy, 500 Gy, 600 Gy, 700 Gy and 800 Gy) of gamma radiation and were sown immediately after irradiation. In Experiment II, seeds of Bangla Gangachar and L-2013-060 were exposed to varying doses (100-800 Gy) of gamma radiation and were sown at seven sowings starting from 0 h to 24 h at 4-h intervals after irradiation. In Experiment III, L-2013-092 genotypes was exposed to different doses (100 -800 Gy) of gamma radiation with two different methods of irradiation. RESULTS In Experiment I, the lethal dose 50 (LD50) values have arrived at 140 Gy, 669 Gy, 575 Gy, 386 Gy and 158 Gy for L-2013-060, L-2013-092, Anandnagar Local, Gazipur Local and Bangla Gangachar, respectively. The growth reduction 50 (GR50) doses for different seedling traits ranged from 130 Gy to 320 Gy for L-2013-060, 250 Gy to 480 Gy for L-2013-092, 130 Gy to 370 Gy for Anandnagar Local, 200 Gy to 350 Gy for Gazipur Local and 250 Gy to 400 Gy for Bangla Gangachar. In Experiment II, the values for LD50 of the genotypes Bangla Gangachar and L-2013-060 were significantly singular for different time intervals of sowing. The values of GR50 for most of the seedling traits were found to increase with the delay in sowing after irradiation from 4 to 24 h when compared with the immediately sown seed lots. In Experiment III, LD50 for L-2013-092 was 337 Gy with Method 1 and 669 Gy with Method 2. In Method 1, most of the growth parameters attained GR50 doses lower than Method 2. The first method was found to increase the radiosensitivity of L-2013-092. CONCLUSION Every experimental genotype used in these three experiments showed dose-dependent retardation of different seedling traits. These optimized doses may be employed to establish mutant populations for exploiting the novel traits of faba bean. The time of sowing after irradiation and method of irradiation was found to be essential for confirming optimum doses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Akhilesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Agricultural Statistics, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Subhrajit Roy
- Department of Vegetable Science, Faculty of Horticulture, Nadia, India
| | - Sanjay Jambhulkar
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, India
| | - Ashutosh Sarker
- ICARDA - South Asia and China Regional Programme, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajib Nath
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Nadia, India
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Head JR, Chanthavilay P, Catton H, Vongsitthi A, Khamphouxay K, Simphaly N. Changes in household food security, access to health services and income in northern Lao PDR during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055935. [PMID: 35654468 PMCID: PMC9163008 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed the relative difficulty in meeting food needs during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with before; determined the relationship between pandemic-associated difficulties in food access and household, maternal and child food security; and identified resiliency-promoting strategies. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey of households undertaken in November 2020. SETTING Rural districts of Luang Prabang Province, Lao People's Democratic Republic. PARTICIPANTS Households (N=1122) with children under 5 years. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES MEASURED Survey respondents reported the relative ease of access of food and healthcare as well as changes in income and expenditures compared with before March 2020. We determined indicators of food security and source of foods consumed for households, women and children, as well as prevalence of malnutrition in children under 5. RESULTS Nearly four-fifths (78.5%) found it harder to meet household food needs during the pandemic. The most common reasons were increased food prices (51.2%), loss of income (45.3%) and decreased food availability (36.6%). Adjusting for demographics, households with increased difficulty meeting food needs had lower food consumption scores and child dietary diversity. Over 85% of households lost income during the pandemic. Decreased expenditures was associated with reliance on more extreme coping strategies to meet food needs. The households who experienced no change in meeting food needs produced a greater percentage of their food from homegrown methods (4.22% more, 95% CI 1.28 to 7.15), than households who found it more difficult. CONCLUSIONS Pandemic-associated shocks may have large effects on food insecurity. Action is needed to mitigate consequences of the pandemic on nutrition. Local food production and safety net programmes that offset income losses may help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Head
- Division of Epidemiology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Phetsavanh Chanthavilay
- Institute of Research and Education Development, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Helen Catton
- Save the Children International, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Ammaline Vongsitthi
- Save the Children International, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Kelley Khamphouxay
- Save the Children International, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Niphone Simphaly
- Provincial Health Department, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic
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Chapman MA, He Y, Zhou M. Beyond a reference genome: pangenomes and population genomics of underutilized and orphan crops for future food and nutrition security. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1583-1597. [PMID: 35318683 PMCID: PMC9994440 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Underutilized crops are, by definition, under-researched compared to staple crops yet come with traits that may be especially important given climate change and the need to feed a globally increasing population. These crops are often stress-tolerant, and this combined with unique and beneficial nutritional profiles. Whilst progress is being made by generating reference genome sequences, in this Tansley Review, we show how this is only the very first step. We advocate that going 'beyond a reference genome' should be a priority, as it is only at this stage one can identify the specific genes and the adaptive alleles that underpin the valuable traits. We sum up how population genomic and pangenomic approaches have led to the identification of stress- and disease-tolerant alleles in staple crops and compare this to the small number of examples from underutilized crops. We also demonstrate how previously underutilized crops have benefitted from genomic advances and that many breeding targets in underutilized crops are often well studied in staple crops. This cross-crop population-level resequencing could lead to an understanding of the genetic basis of adaptive traits in underutilized crops. This level of investment may be crucial for fully understanding the value of these crops before they are lost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Chapman
- Biological SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonLife Sciences Building 85, Highfield CampusSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Yuqi He
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesRoom 405, National Crop Gene Bank BuildingZhongguancun South Street No. 12Haidian DistrictBeijing100081China
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesRoom 405, National Crop Gene Bank BuildingZhongguancun South Street No. 12Haidian DistrictBeijing100081China
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Traditions for Future Cross-National Food Security-Food and Foraging Practices among Different Native Communities in the Western Himalayas. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030455. [PMID: 35336828 PMCID: PMC8944997 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Biological and cultural history is linked with neglected and underused species (NUS). Wild food plants and animals have been the focus of important investigations carried out around the world in recent decades, and it is seen as a key issue in the fight against hunger and malnutrition. In this study, we assessed the effect of geographical, political, social and economic scenarios of neighboring countries that have led to different food and foraging practices in the erstwhile princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. We recorded 209 species, broadly classified into plants (n = 152) and animals (n = 57), used by the local people from four biogeographic regions (Kashmir, Jammu, Azad Kashmir and Ladakh) of erstwhile princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. Among wild flora, 139 vascular plants and 13 mushrooms were used by the indigenous communities, whereas in the case of wild fauna, 14 mammals, 22 birds and 21 fishes were used. The Jammu and Kashmir regions showed greater similarity, whereas the least overlap was observed between the Jammu and Ladakh regions. A cross-cultural comparison of wild food resources showed that maximum overlapping was observed in plant resources, and minimum in animals between the four regions of the study area. The usage of different wild foods is also dependent on seasonality. Wild animals and birds are preferred as food in the winter season. However, in the warm months of the year, plants and fish were preferred during the summer season due to their easy accessibility, and they replace the requirement of animals during the warm months of the year. The results of the current study show that the geopolitical scenario in this region has also affected the usage of different animal and plant species for food in the historically unified region of Jammu and Kashmir. This is one of the first comprehensive studies that document the wild food heritage essential for future projects aimed at fostering conservation, environmental sustainability, food security and climate change. Abstract Traditional diets exist in all cultures and geographic regions, and they often represent healthy eating options. Traditional culinary preparations have, however, often undergone profound change, even in the isolated Himalayan region. Therefore, we adapted methods to identify traditional plant foraging activities to better understand their significance in food system sustainability, as well as to promote innovative local gastronomies. Information on wild food and foraging practices was gathered from varied ethnic groups such as Kashmiri, Gujjars, Pahari, Dogra, Bakarwal, Balti, Beda and Brokpa through interviews (n = 716) and group discussions (n = 67) in four bio-geographic regions of the Jammu and Kashmir Himalayas (J&KH). The data were subjected to ordination techniques (Principal Component Analysis) via R software Ver. 4.0.0. We documented 209 food species, of which 73% were plants and 27% animals, used by the inhabitants of four bio-geographic regions of J&KH. The highest number of food plant species was recorded in Indian Kashmir, followed by Jammu, Azad Kashmir and Ladakh (81, 65, 60 and 27 species, respectively), and the maximum number of animal species was reported in Indian Kashmir, followed by Azad Kashmir, Ladakh and Jammu (33, 21, 19 and 17 species, respectively). The Azad Kashmir and Indian Kashmir regions showed greater similarity, whereas the least overlap was observed between Kashmir and Ladakh. The PCA showed considerable variation between different regions, and specific groups of species were more related to one specific region than others. The reported uses of Abies pindrow, Acacia modesta, Bergenia ciliata, Bergenia stracheyi and Juglans regia among plants, and Jynx torquilla, Streptopelia orientalis and Tadorna ferruginea among animals, are novel for the gastronomy of this part of the Himalayan region. We also recorded for the first time from this region seven unique food preparations of wild animals. This study documented extensive traditional knowledge on the usage of wild species, and is the first scientific description of wild food species and their vernacular names in the Western Himalayas, Jammu and Kashmir. Our findings can contribute significantly to combating food insecurity by revitalizing and reconsidering the rich bio-cultural food heritage around which local traditional communities have developed their food systems.
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Amadou I, Lawali S. Smart Management of Malnutrition Using Local Foods: A Sustainable Initiative for Developing Countries. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.725536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is one of the major challenges the developing world is currently facing, whether it is caused by climate change, terrorism and conflict, or demographic shifts. Poverty is the main cause of malnutrition in this part of the world, and no progress is possible without the alleviation of poverty to reduce malnutrition. Reducing household vulnerability and increasing household resilience is the pathway to sustainable malnutrition management. Malnutrition has been a major threat to the health and development of children in developing countries, presenting as high levels of micronutrient deficiencies, stunting, and global acute malnutrition. The rates of malnutrition of all forms are above the thresholds accepted by the WHO in some regions. To this end, the resilience program on achieving nutrition in a developing country through at-home learning activities for nutritional rehabilitation and dietary promotion (known as FARN) reported, in this case, successful results from both statements from beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries on the reduction and management of malnutrition in their health centers. FARN activity encourages the consumption of locally available foods not only to eradicate malnutrition but also to protect the ecosystem and sustainable nutrition security. This is much like the saying, “Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime” to the vulnerable people; parents' knowledge of their child's nutritional status and the use of local-based foods diets showed improvement, which is proof of the impact of the resilience program. It can be concluded that the resilience program through its activities at the level of the selected community significantly affected the factors and degree of persistence of malnutrition and the level of resilience of the populations. Thus, the FARN program showed resounding success in its ability to promote sustainable malnutrition management.
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Taren D, Akseer N, Davis CD, Miller JW, Moustaid-Moussa N, Novotny R, Slupsky CM, Saroja Voruganti V, Cameron JM. Eighty years of nutritional sciences, and counting. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:1-5. [PMID: 34891168 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Taren
- Department of Pediatrics Nutrition Section, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nadia Akseer
- Modern Scientist Global and the Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cindy D Davis
- Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua W Miller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Services and the Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Rachel Novotny
- Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences Department, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, and the Children's Healthy Living Center of Excellence, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Carolyn M Slupsky
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - V Saroja Voruganti
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - James M Cameron
- International Life Sciences Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Boukail S, Macharia M, Miculan M, Masoni A, Calamai A, Palchetti E, Dell'Acqua M. Genome wide association study of agronomic and seed traits in a world collection of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:330. [PMID: 34243721 PMCID: PMC8268170 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The climate crisis threatens sustainability of crop production worldwide. Crop diversification may enhance food security while reducing the negative impacts of climate change. Proso millet (Panicum milaceum L.) is a minor cereal crop which holds potential for diversification and adaptation to different environmental conditions. In this study, we assembled a world collection of proso millet consisting of 88 varieties and landraces to investigate its genomic and phenotypic diversity for seed traits, and to identify marker-trait associations (MTA). RESULTS Sequencing of restriction-site associated DNA fragments yielded 494 million reads and 2,412 high quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNPs were used to study the diversity in the collection and perform a genome wide association study (GWAS). A genotypic diversity analysis separated accessions originating in Western Europe, Eastern Asia and Americas from accessions sampled in Southern Asia, Western Asia, and Africa. A Bayesian structure analysis reported four cryptic genetic groups, showing that landraces accessions had a significant level of admixture and that most of the improved proso millet materials clustered separately from landraces. The collection was highly diverse for seed traits, with color varying from white to dark brown and width spanning from 1.8 to 2.6 mm. A GWAS study for seed morphology traits identified 10 MTAs. In addition, we identified three MTAs for agronomic traits that were previously measured on the collection. CONCLUSION Using genomics and automated seed phenotyping, we elucidated phylogenetic relationships and seed diversity in a global millet collection. Overall, we identified 13 MTAs for key agronomic and seed traits indicating the presence of alleles with potential for application in proso breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Boukail
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mercy Macharia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mara Miculan
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Masoni
- School of Agriculture, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Matteo Dell'Acqua
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
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Siddique KHM, Li X, Gruber K. Rediscovering Asia's forgotten crops to fight chronic and hidden hunger. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:116-122. [PMID: 33594263 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00850-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Asia has a rich variety of nutritious 'neglected crops', domesticated since ancient times but mostly forgotten or underutilized today. These crops, including cereals, roots, nuts, pulses, fruits and vegetables, are adapted to their land, resilient to environmental challenges and rich in micronutrients. Changing current agricultural practices from a near monoculture to a diverse cropping portfolio that uses these forgotten crops is a viable and promising approach to closing the current gaps in production and nutrition in Asia. Such an approach was proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization's Zero Hunger initiative in Asia, which aims to end hunger by 2030. The Zero Hunger initiative is a promising approach to help increase access to nutritious food; however, it faces substantial challenges, such as the lack of farmer willingness to switch crops and adequate governmental support for implementation. Countries such as Nepal have started using these neglected crops, implementing various approaches to overcome challenges and start a new agricultural pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Xuan Li
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Karl Gruber
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Nani M, Krishnaswamy K. Physical and functional properties of ancient grains and flours and their potential contribution to sustainable food processing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2021.1975740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Nani
- Division of Food Systems and Bioengineering (Food Science Program), University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Kiruba Krishnaswamy
- Division of Food Systems and Bioengineering (Food Science Program), University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
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