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Vabistsevits M, Davey Smith G, Richardson TG, Richmond RC, Sieh W, Rothstein JH, Habel LA, Alexeeff SE, Lloyd-Lewis B, Sanderson E. Mammographic density mediates the protective effect of early-life body size on breast cancer risk. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4021. [PMID: 38740751 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The unexplained protective effect of childhood adiposity on breast cancer risk may be mediated via mammographic density (MD). Here, we investigate a complex relationship between adiposity in childhood and adulthood, puberty onset, MD phenotypes (dense area (DA), non-dense area (NDA), percent density (PD)), and their effects on breast cancer. We use Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR to estimate the total and direct effects of adiposity and age at menarche on MD phenotypes. Childhood adiposity has a decreasing effect on DA, while adulthood adiposity increases NDA. Later menarche increases DA/PD, but when accounting for childhood adiposity, this effect is attenuated. Next, we examine the effect of MD on breast cancer risk. DA/PD have a risk-increasing effect on breast cancer across all subtypes. The MD SNPs estimates are heterogeneous, and additional analyses suggest that different mechanisms may be linking MD and breast cancer. Finally, we evaluate the role of MD in the protective effect of childhood adiposity on breast cancer. Mediation MR analysis shows that 56% (95% CIs [32%-79%]) of this effect is mediated via DA. Our finding suggests that higher childhood adiposity decreases mammographic DA, subsequently reducing breast cancer risk. Understanding this mechanism is important for identifying potential intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vabistsevits
- University of Bristol, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, UK.
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK.
| | - George Davey Smith
- University of Bristol, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, UK
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom G Richardson
- University of Bristol, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, UK
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca C Richmond
- University of Bristol, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, UK
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, New York, NY, USA
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph H Rothstein
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, New York, NY, USA
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laurel A Habel
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Stacey E Alexeeff
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Bethan Lloyd-Lewis
- University of Bristol, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bristol, UK
| | - Eleanor Sanderson
- University of Bristol, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, UK
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
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2
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Singh R, Kumar S, Nakash P, Kumar R, Kumar G, Pal P, Mishra S, Raj P, Rajotiya S, Singh AK, Debnath S, Chaturvedi B, Bareth H, Patel A, Singh M, Srivastava A, Nathiya D, Tomar BS. Prevalence of breast cancer in rural population of Jaipur: a survey-based observational study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8865. [PMID: 38632307 PMCID: PMC11024084 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58717-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, a global health concern predominantly affecting women, recorded 2.3 million new cases and 685,000 deaths in 2020. Alarmingly, projections suggest that by 2040, there could be over 3 million new cases and 1 million deaths. To assess breast cancer prevalence in 24 rural villages within a 60 km radius of NIMS Hospital, Tala Mod, Jaipur, Rajasthan, North India 303,121. A study involving 2023 participants conducted initial screenings, and positive cases underwent further tests, including ultrasound, mammography, and biopsy. SPSSv28 analysed collected data. Among 2023 subjects, 3 screened positive for breast lumps. Subsequent clinical examination and biopsy identified 1 normal case and 2 with breast cancer, resulting in a prevalence proportion of 0.0009 or 98 per 100,000. This study helps fill gap in breast cancer prevalence data for rural Rajasthan. The results highlight a concerning prevalence of breast cancer in the rural area near NIMS hospital, emphasizing the urgent need for increased awareness, early detection, and better healthcare access. Challenges like limited resources, awareness programs, and delayed diagnosis contribute to this high incidence. To address this, comprehensive approach is necessary, including improved screening programs and healthcare facilities in rural areas. Prioritizing rural healthcare and evidence-based strategies can reduce the burden of breast cancer and improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni Singh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Prashant Nakash
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Govind Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Pusparghya Pal
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Shivang Mishra
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Preeti Raj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Sumit Rajotiya
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Anurag Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Sourav Debnath
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Bhumi Chaturvedi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Hemant Bareth
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
| | - Akhilesh Patel
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Mahaveer Singh
- Department of Endocrinology, National Institute of Medical Sciences, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Anurag Srivastava
- Department of Surgical Disciplines & Breast Services, National Institute of Medical Sciences, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Deepak Nathiya
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
- Department of Clinical Studies, Fourth Hospital of Yulin (Xingyuan), Yulin, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Shenmu Hospital, Shenmu, Shaanxi, China
| | - Balvir Singh Tomar
- Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
- Department of Clinical Studies, Fourth Hospital of Yulin (Xingyuan), Yulin, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Shenmu Hospital, Shenmu, Shaanxi, China
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3
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Xie B, Fan M, Wang CX, Zhang Y, Xu S, Mizenko R, Lin TY, Duan Y, Zhang Y, Huang J, Berg JI, Wu D, Li A, Hao D, Gao K, Sun Y, Tepper CG, Carney R, Li Y, Wang A, Gong Q, Daly M, Jao LE, Monjazeb AM, Fierro FA, Li JJ. Post-death Vesicles of Senescent Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Polyploids Promote Macrophage Aging and Breast Cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.06.583755. [PMID: 38496556 PMCID: PMC10942423 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.06.583755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Potential systemic factors contributing to aging-associated breast cancer (BC) remain elusive. Here, we reveal that the polyploid giant cells (PGCs) that contain more than two sets of genomes prevailing in aging and cancerous tissues constitute 5-10% of healthy female bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (fBMSCs). The PGCs can repair DNA damage and stimulate neighboring cells for clonal expansion. However, dying PGCs in advanced-senescent fBMSCs can form "spikings" which are then separated into membraned mtDNA-containing vesicles (Senescent PGC-Spiking Bodies; SPSBs). SPSB-phagocytosed macrophages accelerate aging with diminished clearance on BC cells and protumor M2 polarization. SPSB-carried mitochondrial OXPHOS components are enriched in BC of elder patients and associated with poor prognosis. SPSB-incorporated breast epithelial cells develop aggressive characteristics and PGCs resembling the polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) in clonogenic BC cells and cancer tissues. These findings highlight an aging BMSC-induced BC risk mediated by SPSB-induced macrophage dysfunction and epithelial cell precancerous transition. SIGNIFICANCE Mechanisms underlying aging-associated cancer risk remain unelucidated. This work demonstrates that polyploid giant cells (PGCs) in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) from healthy female bone marrow donors can boost neighboring cell proliferation for clonal expansion. However, the dying-senescent PGCs in the advanced-senescent fBMSCs can form "spikings" which are separated into mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-containing spiking bodies (senescent PGC-spiking bodies; SPSBs). The SPSBs promote macrophage aging and breast epithelial cell protumorigenic transition and form polyploid giant cancer cells. These results demonstrate a new form of ghost message from dying-senescent BMSCs, that may serve as a systemic factor contributing to aging-associated immunosuppression and breast cancer risk. Graphic Abstract
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4
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Bartusik-Aebisher D, Mytych W, Dynarowicz K, Myśliwiec A, Machorowska-Pieniążek A, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Aebisher D. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Breast Cancer Tissue In Vitro after PDT Therapy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:563. [PMID: 38473036 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is increasingly used in modern medicine. It has found application in the treatment of breast cancer. The most common cancer among women is breast cancer. We collected cancer cells from the breast from the material received after surgery. We focused on tumors that were larger than 10 mm in size. Breast cancer tissues for this quantitative non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study could be seen macroscopically. The current study aimed to present findings on quantitative non-contrast MRI of breast cancer cells post-PDT through the evaluation of relaxation times. The aim of this work was to use and optimize a 1.5 T MRI system. MRI tests were performed using a clinical scanner, namely the OPTIMA MR360 manufactured by General Electric HealthCare. The work included analysis of T1 and T2 relaxation times. This analysis was performed using the MATLAB package (produced by MathWorks). The created application is based on medical MRI images saved in the DICOM3.0 standard. T1 and T2 measurements were subjected to the Shapiro-Wilk test, which showed that both samples belonged to a normal distribution, so a parametric t-test for dependent samples was used to test for between-sample variability. The study included 30 sections tested in 2 stages, with consistent technical parameters. For T1 measurements, 12 scans were performed with varying repetition times (TR) and a constant echo time (TE) of 3 ms. For T2 measurements, 12 scans were performed with a fixed repetition time of 10,000 ms and varying echo times. After treating samples with PpIX disodium salt and bubbling with pure oxygen, PDT irradiation was applied. The cell relaxation time after therapy was significantly shorter than the cell relaxation time before PDT. The cells were exposed to PpIX disodium salt as the administered pharmacological substance. The study showed that the therapy significantly affected tumor cells, which was confirmed by a significant reduction in tumor cell relaxation time on the MRI results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Mytych
- Students English Division Science Club, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Angelika Myśliwiec
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
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Ariffin NS. Increased RUNX1 mutations in breast cancer disease progression. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155076. [PMID: 38219493 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Despite advances in screening, therapy and surveillance, breast cancer remains threatening to women. Worst, patients suffer from side effects of treatments and cancer cells become resistant. The emergence of RUNX1 in breast cancer has put it in a spotlight due to its roles in the disease progression. It also plays important roles in normal mammary glands such as for cell growth, proliferation, migration and stemness. However, mutations in the RUNX1 gene have changed the regulation of these phenotypes and the full spectrum of its implications in breast cancer patients is unknown. In this study therefore, the pattern of RUNX1 mutations in breast cancer patients was examined to understand its fundamental impacts on the disease. The perturbation of RUNX1 and its mutations in breast cancer was elucidated through different studies reported in cBioPortal in the past ten years. From our analyses, the majority of RUNX1 mutations were found in the primary breast cancer, with women constituted most of the mutations, especially on the left side of the breast. Similarly, increased number of mutations was observed in ER-positive breast cancer patients and this was also the case at the early stage of the disease development. The level of RUNX1 mutations also increased gradually as patients got older and the peak was highest in the patients of 60-70 years old. Altogether, these data indicated that the mutated RUNX1 gene contributed to the progression of breast cancer and understanding of its regulatory mechanisms is crucial to therapeutically target this gene in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Syamimi Ariffin
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
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6
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Keesari PR, Jain A, Ganampet NR, Subhasri GSD, Edusa S, Muslehuddin Z, Theik NWY, Palisetti S, Salibindla D, Manaktala PS, Desai R. Association between prediabetes and breast cancer: a comprehensive meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 204:1-13. [PMID: 38060076 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer accounts for up to 30% of cancer cases in women in the US. Diabetes mellitus has been recognized as a risk factor for breast cancer. Some studies have suggested that prediabetes may also be associated with breast cancer whereas other studies have shown no or an inverse association; thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the risk of breast cancer in prediabetes. METHODS We searched PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Scopus to identify studies that reported breast cancer risks in patients having prediabetes compared to normoglycemic patients. Binary random-effects model was used to calculate a pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. I2 statistics were used to assess heterogeneity. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis and subgroup analyses were performed. RESULTS We analyzed 7 studies with 24,586 prediabetic and 224,314 normoglycemic individuals (783 and 5739 breast cancer cases, respectively). Unadjusted odds ratio (OR) for breast cancer was 1.45 (95% CI = 1.14, 1.83); adjusted OR was 1.19 (95% CI = 1.07, 1.34) in prediabetes. Subgroup analysis revealed a higher breast cancer risk in individuals aged less than 60 years (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.39, 2.49) than in those aged 60 years or more (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.97, 1.18). Subgroup analysis by median follow-up length indicated a higher risk of breast cancer for follow-ups of less than or equal to 2 years (OR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.85, 2.95) than in those of over 10 years (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.99, 1.23) and 6 to 10 years (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.88, 1.21). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, individuals with prediabetes have higher risk of developing breast cancer than those with normoglycemia, especially younger prediabetes patients. These individuals may benefit from early identification, monitoring, and interventions to reverse prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praneeth Reddy Keesari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Akhil Jain
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | | | | | - Samuel Edusa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Piedmont Athens Regional, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Zainab Muslehuddin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University-Sinai Grace Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Spandana Palisetti
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Rupak Desai
- Independent Researcher, Outcomes Research, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Hou L, Liu W, Sun W, Cao J, Shan S, Feng Y, Zhou Y, Yuan C, Li X, Song P. Lifetime cumulative effect of reproductive factors on ischaemic heart disease in a prospective cohort. Heart 2024; 110:170-177. [PMID: 37852733 PMCID: PMC10850633 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2023-322442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between lifetime oestrogen exposure and ischaemic heart disease (IHD), based on the hypothesis that higher lifetime oestrogen exposure is linked to lower cardiovascular risk. METHODS In 2004-2008, lifetime cumulative exposure to reproductive factors was assessed among postmenopausal females from the China Kadoorie Biobank using reproductive lifespan (RLS), endogenous oestrogen exposure (EEE) and total oestrogen exposure (TEE). EEE was calculated by subtracting pregnancy-related and contraceptive use duration from RLS, while TEE by adding up the same components except for lactation. Incident IHD during follow-up (2004-2015) was identified. Stratified Cox proportional hazards models estimated the HRs and 95% CIs of IHD for RLS, EEE and TEE. RESULTS Among 118 855 postmenopausal females, 13 162 (11.1%) developed IHD during a median follow-up of 8.9 years. The IHD incidence rates were 13.0, 12.1, 12.5, 13.8 per 1000 person-years for RLS Q1-Q4, 15.8, 12.6, 11.3, 12.1 per 1000 person-years for EEE Q1-Q4 and 13.7, 12.3, 12.2, 13.4 per 1000 person-years for TEE Q1-Q4. The highest quartile (Q4) of RLS and TEE were associated with lower risks of IHD (adjusted HR (aHR) 0.95, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.00 and 0.92, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.97, respectively) compared with the lowest quartile (Q1). Longer EEE showed progressively lower risks of incident IHD (aHR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.97; 0.88, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.93; 0.87, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.92 for Q2-Q4 vs Q1). CONCLUSIONS Longer RLS, TEE and EEE were associated with lower risks of IHD among Chinese postmenopausal females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leying Hou
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weidi Sun
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Cao
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiyi Shan
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yimin Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peige Song
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Pacheco JHL, Elizondo G. Interplay between Estrogen, Kynurenine, and AHR Pathways: An immunosuppressive axis with therapeutic potential for breast cancer treatment. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115804. [PMID: 37716620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide. Estrogen exposure via endogenous and exogenous sources during a lifetime, together with environmental exposure to estrogenic compounds, represent the most significant risk factor for breast cancer development. As breast tumors establish, multiple pathways are deregulated. Among them is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway. AHR, a ligand-activated transcription factor associated with the metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and estrogens, is overexpressed in breast cancer. Furthermore, AHR and estrogen receptor (ER) cross-talk pathways have been observed. Additionally, the Tryptophan (Trp) catabolizing enzymes indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) are overexpressed in breast cancer. IDO/TDO catalyzes the formation of Kynurenine (KYN) and other tryptophan-derived metabolites, which are ligands of AHR. Once KYN activates AHR, it stimulates the expression of the IDO enzyme, increases the level of KYN, and activates non-canonical pathways to control inflammation and immunosuppression in breast tumors. The interplay between E2, AHR, and IDO/TDO/KYN pathways and their impact on the immune system represents an immunosuppressive axis on breast cancer. The potential modulation of the immunosuppressive E2-AHR-IDO/TDO/KYN axis has aroused great expectations in oncotherapy. The present article will review the mechanisms implicated in generating the immunosuppressive axis E2-AHR-IDO/TDO/KYN in breast cancer and the current state of knowledge as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillermo Elizondo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, C.P. 07360 Ciudad de México, México.
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9
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Roy P. Breast cancer in young Indian women: factors, challenges in screening, and upcoming diagnostics. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:14409-14427. [PMID: 37552309 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer management for young Indian women are full of challenges. The National Cancer Registry Programme (NCRP) has predicted that nearly 2,30,000 cases of breast cancer will be reported annually by 2025; with a steady increase in cases of young women (< 45 years of age) with breast cancer. In this review, the available literature is evaluated to understand the various risk factors contributing to the rise in cases of breast cancer in young women in India. Further, the challenges that are faced by the technicians in early diagnosis (e.g., physiology of young breasts, limited trained professionals, and awareness among patients, and cost of the treatment) of breast cancer. This review also focuses on the upcoming diagnostics like serum biomarkers and nanosensors for the early identification of the disease. For better prognosis and to reduce the chances of disease reoccurrence and metastasis, it is important that the disease has to be identified at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragyan Roy
- College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, India.
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10
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Wang YM, Lim YC, Hwang DS, Lee YJ, Ha IH, Lee YS. Osteoporosis Associated with Breast Cancer Treatments Based on Types of Hormonal Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Korean National Sample Data. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1505. [PMID: 37763624 PMCID: PMC10532808 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate osteoporosis-related treatments and the overall anticancer drug treatment tendencies, with a focus on selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs), in Korean patients with breast cancer from 2010 to 2019. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Patients with breast cancer (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code: C50) as a principal diagnosis at least once from 2010 to 2019 were included. Those with osteoporosis (M80, M81, or M82) as a principal or sub-diagnosis or those who received osteoporosis treatment at least once were categorized as the osteoporosis-related treatment group, and others as the non-osteoporosis-related treatment group. The trends of drug prescriptions and treatment costs in patient groups were evaluated using descriptive statistics. Results: Among all included patients, those aged 45-54 years (40.20%) without osteoporosis treatment and those aged 55-64 years (34.11%) with osteoporosis treatment were the most common. SERM was the most commonly prescribed anticancer drug (29.20%) in the entire patient group, followed by AIs (20.83%). Patients without osteoporosis treatment had the highest prescription rate of SERM (31.48%), and those with osteoporosis treatment had a higher prescription rate of AIs (34.28%). Additionally, SERM and AIs were prescribed most frequently before and after the age of 55 years, respectively, regardless of the presence of treatment. Conclusions: This study found that osteoporosis-related treatment and patient age were associated with anticancer drug prescriptions. The present findings would help clinicians and researchers in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Min Wang
- Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, 536 Gangnam-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yu-Cheol Lim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 2F, 540 Gangnam-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea; (Y.-C.L.); (Y.J.L.)
| | - Deok-Sang Hwang
- Department of OB & GY in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 2F, 540 Gangnam-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea; (Y.-C.L.); (Y.J.L.)
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 2F, 540 Gangnam-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea; (Y.-C.L.); (Y.J.L.)
| | - Ye-Seul Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 2F, 540 Gangnam-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea; (Y.-C.L.); (Y.J.L.)
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11
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Moremane MM, Abrahams B, Tiloke C. Moringa oleifera: A Review on the Antiproliferative Potential in Breast Cancer Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6880-6902. [PMID: 37623253 PMCID: PMC10453312 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The global burden of female breast cancer and associated deaths has become a major concern. Many chemotherapeutic agents, such as doxorubicin, have been shown to have adverse side effects. The development of multi-drug resistance is a common occurrence, contributing to chemotherapeutic failure. The resistance of breast cancer cells to drug treatment leads to a decline in the treatment efficacy and an increase in cancer recurrence. Therefore, action is required to produce alternative drug therapies, such as herbal drugs. Herbal drugs have been proven to be beneficial in treating illnesses, including cancer. This review aims to highlight the antiproliferative potential of Moringa oleifera (MO), a medicinal tree native to India and indigenous to Africa, in breast cancer cells. Although MO is not yet considered a commercial chemopreventive drug, previous studies have indicated that it could become a chemotherapeutic agent. The possible antiproliferative potential of MO aqueous leaf extract has been previously proven through its antioxidant potential as well as its ability to induce apoptosis. This review will provide an increased understanding of the effect that MO aqueous leaf extract could potentially have against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charlette Tiloke
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (M.M.M.); (B.A.)
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12
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Wang W, Wang Y, Qi X, He L. Spatial pattern and environmental drivers of breast cancer incidence in Chinese women. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28206-4. [PMID: 37326721 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) had the highest incidence of all cancers in Chinese women. However, studies on spatial pattern and environmental drivers of BC were still lacked as they were either limited in a small area or few considered the comprehensive impact of multiple risk factors. In this study, we firstly performed spatial visualization and the spatial autocorrelation analysis based on Chinese women breast cancer incidence (BCI) data of 2012-2016. Then, we explored the environmental drivers related to BC by applying univariate correlation analysis and geographical detector model. We found that the BC high-high clusters were mainly distributed in the eastern and central regions, such as Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, and Anhui Provinces. The BCI in Shenzhen was significantly higher than other prefectures. Urbanization rate (UR), per capita GDP (PGDP), average years of school attainment (AYSA), and average annual wind speed (WIND) had higher explanatory power on spatial variability of the BCI. PM10, NO2, and PGDP had significant nonlinear enhanced effect on other factors. Besides, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was negatively associated with BCI. Therefore, high socioeconomic status, serious air pollution, high wind speed, and low vegetation cover were the risk factors for BC. Our study may able to provide evidence for BC etiology research and precise identification of areas requiring focused screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Li He
- Department of Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
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13
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Hui P, Zhou S, Cao C, Zhao W, Zeng L, Rong X. The elucidation of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of EMO in rheumatoid arthritis through an integrative approach combining bioinformatics and experimental verification. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1195567. [PMID: 37324499 PMCID: PMC10267444 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1195567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Emodin (EMO), a natural derivative of the anthraquinone family mainly extracted from rhubarb (Rheum palmatum), has previously been demonstrated to possess superior anti-inflammatory properties from a single target or pathway. In order to explore the underlying mechanism of action of EMO against rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a network pharmacology approach was employed. Methods: A gene expression profile from GSE55457 available from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to identify the targets of EMO action. Further, single cell RNA sequencing data from GEO database of RA patients (GSE159117) were downloaded and analysed. To further investigate the anti-RA effect of EMO on MH7A cells, the expression of IL-6 and IL-1β were monitored. Finally, RNA-seq analyses were conducted on synovial fibroblasts from EMO-treated. Result: We screened the key targets of EMO against RA using network pharmacology methods, including HMGB1, STAT1, EGR1, NR3C1, EGFR, MAPK14, CASP3, CASP1, IL4, IL13, IKBKB and FN1, and their reliability was verified using ROC curve. Single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis showed that these core target proteins mainly played a role by modulating monocytes. The anti-RA effect of EMO was further verified with MH7A cells, which showed that EMO could block cell differentiation and reduce the expression of IL-6 and IL-1β. WB experiments confirmed that EMO could affect the expression of COX2, HMBG1 and the phosphorylation of p38. Finally, sequencing of synovial fibroblasts from rats treated with EMO showed consistent results with those predicted and verified, further proving the anti-inflammatory effect of EMO. Conclusion: Our research shows that EMO inhibits inflammatory response of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by targeting HMGB1, STAT1, EGR1, NR3C1, EGFR, MAPK14, CASP3, CASP1, IL4, IL13, IKBKB, FN1 and Monocytes/macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pusheng Hui
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliate Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sicong Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliate Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunhao Cao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliate Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenting Zhao
- The First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliate Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Rong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliate Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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14
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Madhi R. Diagnostic and serological study of Breast Cancer in women in Maysan Province, Iraq. BIONATURA 2023. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.01.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was designed to examine the association between breast cancer grading and levels of CA15-3 was studied in addition to the correlation between ABO blood groups and breast cancer. The study involved (140) breast cancer women, and (140) blood samples were collected from healthy women who served as control. The total patients were divided according to their ages into three groups (30-39), (40-49) and (≥50), and ABO blood groups. Moreover, the grades of breast cancer were divided into three groups, and their correlation with serum CA15-3 levels was studied. The current study shows a significant correlation between breast cancer grading and levels of serum CA15-3 antigen. The study also showed that breast cancer is elevated with age. The results demonstrated a great association between the ABO blood groups and breast cancer. Blood group type (A) recorded the highest frequency and percentage (42.14%) of patients with breast cancer. The non-A-blood type (O, B and AB) percentage was as follows (32.14%, 19.29% and 6.43%, respectively). Thus, monitoring breast cancer occurrences in women with blood group A early could be an and excellent strategy to control and facilitate the event of breast cancer.
Keywords: Breast cancer, CA15-3, blood groups, breast cancer grading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Madhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Misan University, Maysan 62001, Iraq
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15
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Zhang Y, Kou C, Jia L, Gao Y, Li X, Wu H, Chen N, Lv Z. Association between the CASC16 rs4784227 polymorphism and breast cancer risk and prognosis in a northeast Chinese Han population. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14462. [PMID: 36540803 PMCID: PMC9760016 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) poses a serious threat to women worldwide. This research was designed to explore the association between the rs4784227 polymorphism of cancer susceptibility candidate gene 16 (CASC16) and BC susceptibility and prognosis, aiming to provide further information for the early detection of BC and to accelerate comprehensive cancer management. Methods A total of 1,733 subjects were recruited for this case-control study, of which 828 are BC patients and 905 are healthy individuals. The relevance between SNP rs4784227 and BC risk in diverse genetic models was analyzed by using the SNPStats analysis program and was assessed by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the binary logistic regression model. Pearson's χ 2 test was used to determine the correlation between the polymorphism and clinical characteristics of BC patients. Additionally, univariate survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test, and multivariate survival analysis was performed by Cox regression. Results SNP rs4784227 was significantly associated with susceptibility to BC in the dominant model (CT/TT versus CC, OR = 1.237, 95% CI = 1.012-1.513, P = 0.038). The minor allele of SNP rs4784227 was significantly linked to an increased risk of BC (OR = 1.197, 95% CI = 1.022-1.401, P = 0.026). In addition, the rs4784227 polymorphism of CASC16 was associated with perineural invasion (P = 0.030), menstrual status (P = 0.016) and histological grade (P = 0.001, P = 0.003, P = 0.025; respectively) of BC patients. There was no significant association between the genotypes of rs4784227 and disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) of breast cancer patients (P > 0.05). Conclusions The rs4784227 polymorphism of CASC16 may affect susceptibility to breast cancer and is associated with perineural invasion, menstrual status and histological grade in BC patients. Additionally, our results could not confirm that this polymorphism was related to breast cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Changgui Kou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Jia
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yangyang Gao
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Naifei Chen
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Lv
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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16
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Hanusek K, Karczmarski J, Litwiniuk A, Urbańska K, Ambrozkiewicz F, Kwiatkowski A, Martyńska L, Domańska A, Bik W, Paziewska A. Obesity as a Risk Factor for Breast Cancer-The Role of miRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415683. [PMID: 36555323 PMCID: PMC9779381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer diagnosed among women in the world, with an ever-increasing incidence rate. Due to the dynamic increase in the occurrence of risk factors, including obesity and related metabolic disorders, the search for new regulatory mechanisms is necessary. This will help a complete understanding of the pathogenesis of breast cancer. The review presents the mechanisms of obesity as a factor that increases the risk of developing breast cancer and that even initiates the cancer process in the female population. The mechanisms presented in the paper relate to the inflammatory process resulting from current or progressive obesity leading to cell metabolism disorders and disturbed hormonal metabolism. All these processes are widely regulated by the action of microRNAs (miRNAs), which may constitute potential biomarkers influencing the pathogenesis of breast cancer and may be a promising target of anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Hanusek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Karczmarski
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Litwiniuk
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Urbańska
- Department of General, Oncological, Metabolic and Thoracic Surgery, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserów St, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Filip Ambrozkiewicz
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Andrzej Kwiatkowski
- Department of General, Oncological, Metabolic and Thoracic Surgery, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserów St, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Martyńska
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anita Domańska
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bik
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Paziewska
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
- Correspondence:
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17
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The Interplay between the Cellular Response to DNA Double-Strand Breaks and Estrogen. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193097. [PMID: 36231059 PMCID: PMC9563627 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer development is often connected to impaired DNA repair and DNA damage signaling pathways. The presence of DNA damage in cells activates DNA damage response, which is a complex cellular signaling network that includes DNA repair, activation of the cell cycle checkpoints, cellular senescence, and apoptosis. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are toxic lesions that are mainly repaired by the non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathways. Estrogen-dependent cancers, like breast and ovarian cancers, are frequently associated with mutations in genes that play a role in HRR. The female sex hormone estrogen binds and activates the estrogen receptors (ERs), ERα, ERβ and G-protein-coupled ER 1 (GPER1). ERα drives proliferation, while ERβ inhibits cell growth. Estrogen regulates the transcription, stability and activity of numerus DDR factors and DDR factors in turn modulate ERα expression, stability and transcriptional activity. Additionally, estrogen stimulates DSB formation in cells as part of its metabolism and proliferative effect. In this review, we will present an overview on the crosstalk between estrogen and the cellular response to DSBs. We will discuss how estrogen regulates DSB signaling and repair, and how DDR factors modulate the expression, stability and activity of estrogen. We will also discuss how the regulation of HRR genes by estrogen promotes the development of estrogen-dependent cancers.
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18
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Wang Q, Li B, Liu Z, Shang H, Jing H, Shao H, Chen K, Liang X, Cheng W. Prediction model of axillary lymph node status using automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) and ki-67 status in early-stage breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:929. [PMID: 36031602 PMCID: PMC9420256 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) is a useful choice in breast disease diagnosis. The axillary lymph node (ALN) status is crucial for predicting the clinical classification and deciding on the treatment of early-stage breast cancer (EBC) and could be the primary indicator of locoregional recurrence. We aimed to establish a prediction model using ABUS features of primary breast cancer to predict ALN status. Methods A total of 469 lesions were divided into the axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) group and the no ALNM (NALNM) group. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the difference of clinical factors and ABUS features between the two groups, and a predictive model of ALNM was established. Pathological results were as the gold standard. Results Ki-67, maximum diameter (MD), posterior feature shadowing or enhancement and hyperechoic halo were significant risk factors for ALNM in multivariate logistic regression analysis (P < 0.05). The four risk factors were used to build the predictive model, and it achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.791 (95% CI: 0.751, 0.831). The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the prediction model were 72.5%, 69.1% and 75.26%. The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 66.08% and 79.93%, respectively. Distance to skin, MD, margin, shape, internal echo pattern, orientation, posterior features, and hyperechoic halo showed significant differences between stage I and stage II (P < 0.001). Conclusion ABUS features and Ki-67 can meaningfully predict ALNM in EBC and the prediction model may facilitate a more effective therapeutic schedule. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10034-3.
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19
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Kostecka A, Nowikiewicz T, Olszewski P, Koczkowska M, Horbacz M, Heinzl M, Andreou M, Salazar R, Mair T, Madanecki P, Gucwa M, Davies H, Skokowski J, Buckley PG, Pęksa R, Śrutek E, Szylberg Ł, Hartman J, Jankowski M, Zegarski W, Tiemann-Boege I, Dumanski JP, Piotrowski A. High prevalence of somatic PIK3CA and TP53 pathogenic variants in the normal mammary gland tissue of sporadic breast cancer patients revealed by duplex sequencing. NPJ Breast Cancer 2022; 8:76. [PMID: 35768433 PMCID: PMC9243094 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-022-00443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammary gland undergoes hormonally stimulated cycles of proliferation, lactation, and involution. We hypothesized that these factors increase the mutational burden in glandular tissue and may explain high cancer incidence rate in the general population, and recurrent disease. Hence, we investigated the DNA sequence variants in the normal mammary gland, tumor, and peripheral blood from 52 reportedly sporadic breast cancer patients. Targeted resequencing of 542 cancer-associated genes revealed subclonal somatic pathogenic variants of: PIK3CA, TP53, AKT1, MAP3K1, CDH1, RB1, NCOR1, MED12, CBFB, TBX3, and TSHR in the normal mammary gland at considerable allelic frequencies (9 × 10-2- 5.2 × 10-1), indicating clonal expansion. Further evaluation of the frequently damaged PIK3CA and TP53 genes by ultra-sensitive duplex sequencing demonstrated a diversified picture of multiple low-level subclonal (in 10-2-10-4 alleles) hotspot pathogenic variants. Our results raise a question about the oncogenic potential in non-tumorous mammary gland tissue of breast-conserving surgery patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kostecka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
- 3P Medicine Lab, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Nowikiewicz
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum UMK, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
- Department of Breast Cancer and Reconstructive Surgery, Prof. F. Lukaszczyk Oncology Center, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Paweł Olszewski
- 3P Medicine Lab, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Koczkowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- 3P Medicine Lab, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Horbacz
- 3P Medicine Lab, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Heinzl
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Maria Andreou
- 3P Medicine Lab, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Renato Salazar
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Theresa Mair
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Piotr Madanecki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gucwa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Hanna Davies
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jarosław Skokowski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Rafał Pęksa
- Department of Patomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Śrutek
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum UMK, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Łukasz Szylberg
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Prof. F. Lukaszczyk Oncology Center, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Perinatology, Gynaecology and Gynaecologic, Oncology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Johan Hartman
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- MedTech Labs, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michał Jankowski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum UMK, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Zegarski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum UMK, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Jan P Dumanski
- 3P Medicine Lab, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arkadiusz Piotrowski
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
- 3P Medicine Lab, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
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20
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Smolarz B, Nowak AZ, Romanowicz H. Breast Cancer-Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis and Treatment (Review of Literature). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2569. [PMID: 35626173 PMCID: PMC9139759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most-commonly diagnosed malignant tumor in women in the world, as well as the first cause of death from malignant tumors. The incidence of breast cancer is constantly increasing in all regions of the world. For this reason, despite the progress in its detection and treatment, which translates into improved mortality rates, it seems necessary to look for new therapeutic methods, and predictive and prognostic factors. Treatment strategies vary depending on the molecular subtype. Breast cancer treatment is multidisciplinary; it includes approaches to locoregional therapy (surgery and radiation therapy) and systemic therapy. Systemic therapies include hormone therapy for hormone-positive disease, chemotherapy, anti-HER2 therapy for HER2-positive disease, and quite recently, immunotherapy. Triple negative breast cancer is responsible for more than 15-20% of all breast cancers. It is of particular research interest as it presents a therapeutic challenge, mainly due to its low response to treatment and its highly invasive nature. Future therapeutic concepts for breast cancer aim to individualize therapy and de-escalate and escalate treatment based on cancer biology and early response to therapy. The article presents a review of the literature on breast carcinoma-a disease affecting women in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Smolarz
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Zadrożna Nowak
- Department of Chemotherapy, Medical University of Lodz, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, 93-513 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Hanna Romanowicz
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
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21
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Ariffin NS. Healthcare Resource Utilization and Costs of Steroid-Associated Complications in Patients With Graft-Versus-Host Disease. Clin Breast Cancer 2022; 22:499-506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Kisla MM, Ates-Alagoz Z. Benzimidazoles Against Certain Breast Cancer Drug Targets: A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2463-2477. [PMID: 35345997 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220328161217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzimidazoles are widely used scaffolds against various types of cancer including breast cancer. To this end, anticancer agents must be developed using the knowledge of the specific targets of BC. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aim to review the compounds used against some of the biomolecular targets of breast cancer. To this end, we present information about the various targets, with their latest innovative studies. CONCLUSION Benzimidazole ring is an important building block that can target diverse cancer scenarios since it can structurally mimic biomolecules in the human body. Additionally, many studies imply the involvement of this moiety on a plethora of pathways and enzymes related to BC. Herein, our target-based collection of benzimidazole derivatives strongly suggests the utilization of benzimidazole derivatives against BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Murat Kisla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ates-Alagoz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Pierozan P, Cattani D, Karlsson O. Tumorigenic activity of alternative per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS): Mechanistic in vitro studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:151945. [PMID: 34843762 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contaminants including long-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been linked to cancer, which is a central cause of mortality in humans and many wildlife species. Today shorter-chain PFAS are extensively used as replacement compounds and commonly found in the environment. Mechanistic studies are important for a better understanding of their toxicological potential and possible role in cancer etiology. Here, we treated normal human breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A) with 500 pM to 500 μM of perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), undecafluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (GenX), perfluoro 3,6 dioxaoctanoic acid (PFO2OA), heptafluorobutyric acid (HFBA) and perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) for 72 h to investigate potential effects on cell proliferation and neoplastic transformation. PFHxA, GenX, PFO2OA, HFBA and PFBS induced no alterations compared to controls at any of the concentrations tested. Exposure to 100 μM PFHxS on the other hand was shown to affect important regulatory cell-cycle proteins (cyclin D1, CDK6, p27, p53 and ERK) and induced cell proliferation, at least in part through activation of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). PFHxS also altered histone modifications and induced cell malignance by reducing the levels of adhesion proteins (E-cadherin and β-integrin) and promoting cell migration and invasion. These results demonstrate that five out of six alternative PFAS tested are clearly less harmful to MCF-10A cells than previously studied PFOS and PFOA, but raise concerns about PFHxS that also has been associated with breast cancer in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pierozan
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 114 18, Sweden
| | - Daiane Cattani
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 114 18, Sweden
| | - Oskar Karlsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 114 18, Sweden.
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Torres SMPS, Nader HB, Simões RS, Baracat EC, Soares-Jr JM, Simões MDJ, C T Gomes R. Hyaluronic acid and proliferation/cellular death amount in the female rats mammary gland after estroprogestative therapy. Gynecol Endocrinol 2022; 38:181-185. [PMID: 34463181 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2021.1970739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the concentration of hyaluronan acid and proliferation/cellular death in mammary gland of ovariectomized female rat after estroprogestative therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty ovariectomized female rats were divided into four groups with 10 animals/each: OG (vehicle); EG: (Estradiol, 7 days of treatment), PG (Progesterone acetate, 23 days of treatment), and EPG: (Estradiol, 7 days of treatment, and next Progesterone acetate, 23 days of treatment). Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, all animals were euthanized, the mammary gland removed, then, a fragment was immersed in acetone to quantifying of the hyaluronan acid biochemical method (ELISA-Like fluorometric assay), and a fragment fixed for 24 h in 10% formaldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) processed for immunohistochemistry method for detection of the cell marker proliferation (Ki67) and cellular marker death by DNA fragmentation the TUNEL method. RESULTS The estradiol-treatment alone (EG) or associated with progesterone (EPG) affected the concentration of hyaluronan acid, increased cell proliferation, and decreased cell death compared to OG and PG (p < .05) in the mammary tissue. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the excessive reduction of HA in mammary tissue, as occurred with progesterone treatment, can lead to a breakdown of the extracellular matrix. These changes may be indicative of mammary pathology such as the development of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sueli M P S Torres
- Histology and Structural Biology Division of the Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena B Nader
- Molecular Biology Division of the Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo S Simões
- Gynecology Division of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edmund C Baracat
- Gynecology Division of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - José M Soares-Jr
- Gynecology Division of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manuel de J Simões
- Histology and Structural Biology Division of the Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Gynecology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regina C T Gomes
- Histology and Structural Biology Division of the Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Shaikh F, Alamgir M, Ahmed S. Hormonal and genetic risk factors for breast cancer in a subset of the Karachi population. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 17:694-700. [PMID: 35983446 PMCID: PMC9356353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Appraisement of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms is thought to be crucial to detect and make approaches targeting groups at risk for breast cancer (BC). Moreover, an understanding of genetic susceptibility can allow us to foresee several risk factors. The objective of our research is to evaluate the T to C base shift within TaqI (rs731236) in exon 9 and the A to G transition within Bsm1 (rs1544410) in intron 8 of the VDR gene as risk factors among BC patients. Methods The study involved 150 BC patients with a definite histological diagnosis. Controls were age-matched. DNA samples of Taq1 and Bsm1 were amplified according to the programmed protocol using a thermal cycler. The amplified PCR products were digested with Taq1 and Bsm1 restriction endonuclease enzymes. RFLP fragments were observed under UV light using 2% agarose gel and 0.5 ug/mL Ethidium bromide. Results The highest number of BC patients (32.7%) were in the 36 to 45 age group. Ethnicity and parity were found to be statistically significant. TaqI polymorphisms showed the highest genotypic frequency for TC (Tt) at 49 (32.7%), and there were 18 patients (12.0%) and controls with high statistical significance (OD 3.6, CI 2–6.4) and a p-value < 0.0001. However, for the Bsm1 genotype, the A (B) allele may be linked with protection from BC in individuals with the AA (BB) genotype. Conclusion A positive association was found between VDR genotypes and BC in a collective assay of Taq1 and BsmI. These results need further authentication in large cohort studies prior to applying these SNPs as promising BC markers in the Pakistani populace.
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Rweyemamu LP, Akan G, Adolf IC, Magorosa EP, Mosha IJ, Dharsee N, Namkinga LA, Lyantagaye SL, Nateri AS, Atalar F. The distribution of reproductive risk factors disclosed the heterogeneity of receptor-defined breast cancer subtypes among Tanzanian women. BMC Womens Health 2021; 21:423. [PMID: 34930226 PMCID: PMC8686374 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-021-01536-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent epidemiological studies suggest that reproductive factors are associated with breast cancer (BC) molecular subtypes. However, these associations have not been thoroughly studied in the African populations. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of BC molecular subtypes and assess their association with reproductive factors in Tanzanian BC patients. Methods This hospital-based case-only cross-sectional study consisted of 263 histologically confirmed BC patients in Tanzania. Clinico-pathological data, socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and reproductive risk factors were examined using the Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA. The association among reproductive factors and BC molecular subtypes was analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. The heterogeneity of the associations was assessed using the Wald test. Results We found evident subtype heterogeneity for reproductive factors. We observed that post-menopausal status was more prevalent in luminal-A subtype, while compared to luminal-A subtype, luminal-B and HER-2 enriched subtypes were less likely to be found in post-menopausal women (OR: 0.21, 95%CI 0.10–0.41, p = 0.001; OR: 0.39, 95%CI 0.17–0.89, p = 0.026, respectively). Also, the luminal-B subtype was more likely to be diagnosed in patients aged ≤ 40 years than the luminal-A subtype (OR: 2.80, 95%CI 1.46–5.32, p = 0.002). Women who had their first full-term pregnancy at < 30 years were more likely to be of luminal-B (OR: 2.71, 95%CI 1.18–4.17, p = 0.018), and triple-negative (OR: 2.28, 95%CI 1.02–4.07, p = 0.044) subtypes relative to luminal-A subtype. Furthermore, we observed that breastfeeding might have reduced odds of developing luminal-A, luminal-B and triple-negative subtypes. Women who never breastfed were more likely to be diagnosed with luminal-B and triple-negative subtypes when compared to luminal-A subtype (OR: 0.46, 95%CI 0.22–0.95, p = 0.035; OR: 0.41, 95%CI 0.20–0.85, p = 0.017, respectively). . Conclusion Our results are the first data reporting reproductive factors heterogeneity among BC molecular subtypes in Tanzania. Our findings suggest that breast-feeding may reduce the likelihood of developing luminal-A, luminal-B, and triple-negative subtypes. Meanwhile, the first full-term pregnancy after 30 years of age could increase the chance of developing luminal-A subtype, a highly prevalent subtype in Tanzania. More interventions to promote modifiable risk factors across multiple levels may most successfully reduce BC incidence in Africa. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12905-021-01536-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus P Rweyemamu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 35179, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.,Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 608, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Gokce Akan
- MUHAS Genetic Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Ismael C Adolf
- Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 608, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Erick P Magorosa
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Muhimbili National Hospital, P.O Box 65000, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Innocent J Mosha
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Muhimbili National Hospital, P.O Box 65000, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Nazima Dharsee
- Academic, Research and Consultancy Unit, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, P.O Box 3592, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Lucy A Namkinga
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 35179, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Sylvester L Lyantagaye
- Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 608, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Abdolrahman S Nateri
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Fatmahan Atalar
- MUHAS Genetic Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. .,Department of Rare Diseases, Child Health Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34093, Turkey.
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Zuo Q, Band S, Kesavadas M, Madak Erdogan Z. Obesity and Postmenopausal Hormone Receptor-positive Breast Cancer: Epidemiology and Mechanisms. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6370080. [PMID: 34519778 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a potential risk for several cancers, including postmenopausal, hormone dependent breast cancers. In this review, we summarize recent studies on the impact of obesity on postmenopausal women's health and discuss several mechanisms that were proposed to increase the risk of breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Zuo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Shoham Band
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mrinali Kesavadas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zeynep Madak Erdogan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Keller CR, Hu Y, Ruud KF, VanDeen AE, Martinez SR, Kahn BT, Zhang Z, Chen RK, Li W. Human Breast Extracellular Matrix Microstructures and Protein Hydrogel 3D Cultures of Mammary Epithelial Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225857. [PMID: 34831010 PMCID: PMC8616054 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Human breast tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a microenvironment essential for the survival and biological activities of mammary epithelial cells. The ECM structural features of human breast tissues remain poorly defined. In this study, we identified the structural and mechanical properties of human normal breast and invasive ductal carcinoma tissue ECM using histological methods and atomic force microscopy. Additionally, a protein hydrogel was generated using human breast tissue ECM and defined for its microstructural features using immunofluorescence imaging and machine learning. Furthermore, we examined the three-dimensional growth of normal mammary epithelial cells or breast cancer cells cultured on the ECM protein hydrogel, where the cells exhibited biological phenotypes like those seen in native breast tissues. Our data provide novel insights into cancer cell biology, tissue microenvironment mimicry and engineering, and native tissue ECM-based biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Abstract Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a structurally and compositionally unique microenvironment within which native cells can perform their natural biological activities. Cells grown on artificial substrata differ biologically and phenotypically from those grown within their native tissue microenvironment. Studies examining human tissue ECM structures and the biology of human tissue cells in their corresponding tissue ECM are lacking. Such investigations will improve our understanding about human pathophysiological conditions for better clinical care. We report here human normal breast tissue and invasive ductal carcinoma tissue ECM structural features. For the first time, a hydrogel was successfully fabricated using whole protein extracts of human normal breast ECM. Using immunofluorescence staining of type I collagen (Col I) and machine learning of its fibrous patterns in the polymerized human breast ECM hydrogel, we have defined the microstructural characteristics of the hydrogel and compared the microstructures with those of other native ECM hydrogels. Importantly, the ECM hydrogel supported 3D growth and cell-ECM interaction of both normal and cancerous mammary epithelial cells. This work represents further advancement toward full reconstitution of the human breast tissue microenvironment, an accomplishment that will accelerate the use of human pathophysiological tissue-derived matrices for individualized biomedical research and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandler R. Keller
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA; (C.R.K.); (K.F.R.)
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resources Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Kelsey F. Ruud
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA; (C.R.K.); (K.F.R.)
| | - Anika E. VanDeen
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (A.E.V.); (R.K.C.)
| | - Steve R. Martinez
- Department of Surgery, The Everett Clinic and Providence Regional Cancer Partnership, Everett, WA 98201, USA;
- Department of Medical Education and Clinical Sciences, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Barry T. Kahn
- CellNetix Pathology & Laboratories, Seattle, WA 98104, USA;
- Providence Regional Medical Center, Everett, WA 98201, USA
| | - Zhiwu Zhang
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resources Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Roland K. Chen
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (A.E.V.); (R.K.C.)
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA; (C.R.K.); (K.F.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Briguglio G, Costa C, Teodoro M, Giambò F, Italia S, Fenga C. Women's health and night shift work: Potential targets for future strategies in breast cancer (Review). Biomed Rep 2021; 15:98. [PMID: 34667595 PMCID: PMC8517754 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated amongst women worldwide. Several studies have shown that individual, environmental and occupational factors can serve an important role in the onset of breast cancer; although the majority of studies have demonstrated this association, and several studies have investigated the biological pathways, it is impossible to describe with certainty the causal relationship that involve circadian rhythm disruption and melatonin dysregulation with the oncogenic processes. Over the years, due to the introduction of more effective screening tools, an increase in the incidence of breast cancer as well as a decrease in the age at diagnosis has been witnessed. Subsequently, an increasing number of individuals have obtained care at a younger age, which has meant that after surgery and chemotherapy, these workers have had to return to work. In light of these paradigmatic changes, the aim of the present review was to identify potential targets for future organisational strategies that should be adopted in the workplace by occupational physicians, both for prevention and for the return-to-work process of working women who have suffered from breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusi Briguglio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Teodoro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Giambò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Italia
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
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Chen X, Chen J, Liao S, Cao Y. Invasive ductal carcinoma and small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia manifesting as a collision breast tumor: A case report and literature review. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:867-871. [PMID: 34522780 PMCID: PMC8402943 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Collision breast tumors, consisting of breast cancer (BC) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), are extremely rare. Here we report the case of a 64-year-old woman with a collision tumor in her left breast mass that was composed of invasive ductal carcinoma and small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In addition, we reviewed the published comparable English-language literature. Collision breast tumor composed of BC and NHL is extremely rare. For that reason, there is a lack of consensus about the underlying mechanism, and diagnosing it without delay remains a complex clinical challenge. We found that post-menopausal, age-related estrogen levels changes and Epstein-Barr virus infection are possible pathogenic factors. However, the symptoms are almost identical, and it is difficult to distinguish a simple breast tumor from a breast collision tumor. In this study, we reviewed the clinical features of all patients with BC and NHL colliding breast tumors; this information might enable early identification and prevention of misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Chen
- Department of Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianli Chen
- The Third Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Sihai Liao
- Department of Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuwen Cao
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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Lei YY, Bai S, Chen QQ, Luo XJ, Li DM. Clinical and pathological features and risk factors for primary breast cancer patients. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:5046-5053. [PMID: 34307555 PMCID: PMC8283600 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i19.5046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women all around the world. According to the latest statistics in 2018, there were more than 2.08 million new breast cancer cases all around the world and more than 620000 deaths; the proportion of breast cancer deaths in women with cancer is 15%. By studying age, clinicopathological characteristics and molecular classification, age at menarche, age at birth, number of births, number of miscarriages, lactation time, surgical history of benign breast lesions, history of gynecological diseases, and other factors, we retrospectively summarized and compared the disease history of patients with primary breast cancer and patients with benign thyroid tumors admitted to our hospital in the past 10 years to explore the clinicopathological characteristics and risk factors for primary breast cancer.
AIM To investigate the clinical and pathological features and risk factors for primary breast cancer treated at our center in order to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer in the Zhuhai-Macao region.
METHODS Through a retrospective case-control study, 149 patients with primary breast cancer diagnosed and treated at Zhuhai Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2013 to March 2020 were included as a case group, and 165 patients with benign breast tumors diagnosed and treated from January 2019 to March 2020 were included as a control group. The data collected included age, age at menarche, age at first birth, number of births, number of miscarriages, lactation time, history of surgery for benign breast lesions, history of familial malignant tumors, history of gynecological diseases, history of thyroid diseases, and the tumor characteristics of the patients in the case group including pathological diagnosis, pathological type, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, stage, and molecular classification, among others. In the case group, the chi-square test was used to analyze the clinical and pathological features of patients in three age groups (< 40, 40-59, and ≥ 60 years). A multifactor logistic regression analysis was used to analyze correlations between the two groups.
RESULTS Among 149 patients with primary breast cancer, the average age was 48.20 ± 12.06 years, and the proportion of patients at 40-59 years old was the highest, accounting for 61.8% of cases. The molecular type was mainly luminal B type, accounting for 69.2% of cases, and at the time of diagnosis, the tumor stage was mainly stage I/II, accounting for 62.4% of cases. There were no statistically significant differences in the distributions of tumor location, pathological type, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, stage, or molecular classification among the three age groups (< 40, 40-59, and ≥ 60 years) (P ≥ 0.05). The differences in the distribution of distant metastasis among the three age groups (< 40, 40-59, and ≥ 60 years) were statistically significant (P < 0.01). The differences in lactation time, history of familial malignant tumors, history of gynecological diseases, and history of thyroid diseases between the two groups were not statistically significant (P ≥ 0.05). The differences in age at disease diagnosis, age at menarche, and history of surgery for benign breast lesions were statistically significant (P < 0.01). The difference in age at first birth was also statistically significant (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION The highest incidence of breast cancer in the Zhuhai-Macao region is present among women aged 40-59 years. There is a larger proportion of stage I/II patients, and the luminal B type is the most common molecular subtype. Distant metastasis occurs mainly in the ≥ 60-year-old group at the first diagnosis; increased age, late age at menarche, and late age at first birth may be risk factors for primary breast cancer, and a history of surgery for benign breast lesions may be a protective factor for primary breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Yan Lei
- Department of Mammary Disease, Zhuhai Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai 519015, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuang Bai
- Department of Mammary Disease, Zhuhai Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai 519015, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing-Qing Chen
- Department of Mammary Disease, Zhuhai Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai 519015, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xu-Jin Luo
- Department of Mammary Disease, Zhuhai Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai 519015, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dong-Mei Li
- Department of Mammary Disease, Zhuhai Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai 519015, Guangdong Province, China
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Vandenberg LN. Endocrine disrupting chemicals and the mammary gland. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2021; 92:237-277. [PMID: 34452688 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Development of the mammary gland requires coordination of hormone signaling pathways including those mediated by estrogen, progesterone, androgen and prolactin receptors. These hormones play important roles at several distinct stages of life including embryonic/fetal development, puberty, pregnancy, lactation, and old age. This also makes the gland sensitive to perturbations from environmental agents including endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Although there is evidence from human populations of associations between EDCs and disruptions to breast development and lactation, these studies are often complicated by the timing of exposure assessments and the latency to develop breast diseases (e.g., years to decades). Rodents have been instrumental in providing insights-not only to the basic biology and endocrinology of the mammary gland, but to the effects of EDCs on this tissue at different stages of development. Studies, mostly but not exclusively, of estrogenic EDCs have shown that the mammary gland is a sensitive tissue, that exposures during perinatal development can produce abnormal mammary structures (e.g., alveolar buds, typically seen in pregnant females) in adulthood; that exposures during pregnancy can alter milk production; and that EDC exposures can enhance the response of the mammary tissue to hormones and chemical carcinogens. Other studies of persistent organic pollutants have shown that EDC exposures during critical windows of development can delay development of the gland, with lifelong consequences for the individual. Collectively, this work continues to support the conclusion that EDCs can harm the mammary gland, with effects that depend on the period of exposure and the period of evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States.
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Rusidzé M, Adlanmérini M, Chantalat E, Raymond-Letron I, Cayre S, Arnal JF, Deugnier MA, Lenfant F. Estrogen receptor-α signaling in post-natal mammary development and breast cancers. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5681-5705. [PMID: 34156490 PMCID: PMC8316234 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03860-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
17β-estradiol controls post-natal mammary gland development and exerts its effects through Estrogen Receptor ERα, a member of the nuclear receptor family. ERα is also critical for breast cancer progression and remains a central therapeutic target for hormone-dependent breast cancers. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the complex ERα signaling pathways that involve either classical nuclear “genomic” or membrane “non-genomic” actions and regulate in concert with other hormones the different stages of mammary development. We describe the cellular and molecular features of the luminal cell lineage expressing ERα and provide an overview of the transgenic mouse models impacting ERα signaling, highlighting the pivotal role of ERα in mammary gland morphogenesis and function and its implication in the tumorigenic processes. Finally, we describe the main features of the ERα-positive luminal breast cancers and their modeling in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Rusidzé
- INSERM U1297, Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse - UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Marine Adlanmérini
- INSERM U1297, Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse - UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Chantalat
- INSERM U1297, Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse - UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - I Raymond-Letron
- LabHPEC et Institut RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, CNRS U-5070, EFS, ENVT, Inserm U1301, Toulouse, France
| | - Surya Cayre
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- INSERM U1297, Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse - UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Ange Deugnier
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- INSERM U1297, Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse - UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France.
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Mogus JP, LaPlante CD, Bansal R, Matouskova K, Schneider BR, Daniele E, Silva SJ, Hagen MJ, Dunphy KA, Jerry DJ, Schneider SS, Vandenberg LN. Exposure to Propylparaben During Pregnancy and Lactation Induces Long-Term Alterations to the Mammary Gland in Mice. Endocrinology 2021; 162:bqab041. [PMID: 33724348 PMCID: PMC8121128 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mammary gland is a hormone sensitive organ that is susceptible to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during the vulnerable periods of parous reorganization (ie, pregnancy, lactation, and involution). Pregnancy is believed to have long-term protective effects against breast cancer development; however, it is unknown if EDCs can alter this effect. We examined the long-term effects of propylparaben, a common preservative used in personal care products and foods, with estrogenic properties, on the parous mouse mammary gland. Pregnant BALB/c mice were treated with 0, 20, 100, or 10 000 µg/kg/day propylparaben throughout pregnancy and lactation. Unexposed nulliparous females were also evaluated. Five weeks post-involution, mammary glands were collected and assessed for changes in histomorphology, hormone receptor expression, immune cell number, and gene expression. For several parameters of mammary gland morphology, propylparaben reduced the effects of parity. Propylparaben also increased proliferation, but not stem cell number, and induced modest alterations to expression of ERα-mediated genes. Finally, propylparaben altered the effect of parity on the number of several immune cell types in the mammary gland. These results suggest that propylparaben, at levels relevant to human exposure, can interfere with the effects of parity on the mouse mammary gland and induce long-term alterations to mammary gland structure. Future studies should address if propylparaben exposures negate the protective effects of pregnancy on mammary cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Mogus
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Charlotte D LaPlante
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Ruby Bansal
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Klara Matouskova
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Benjamin R Schneider
- Biospecimen Resource and Molecular Analysis Facility, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA 01199, USA
| | - Elizabeth Daniele
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Shannon J Silva
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Mary J Hagen
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Karen A Dunphy
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - D Joseph Jerry
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA 01199, USA
| | - Sallie S Schneider
- Biospecimen Resource and Molecular Analysis Facility, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA 01199, USA
| | - Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Is Breast Cancer Risk Associated with Menopausal Hormone Therapy Modified by Current or Early Adulthood BMI or Age of First Pregnancy? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112710. [PMID: 34072619 PMCID: PMC8199436 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) has an attenuated effect on breast cancer (BC) risk amongst heavier women, but there are few data on a potential interaction with early adulthood body mass index (at age 20 years) and age of first pregnancy. We studied 56,489 women recruited to the PROCAS (Predicting Risk of Cancer at Screening) study in Manchester UK, 2009-15. Cox regression models estimated the effect of reported MHT use at entry on breast cancer (BC) risk, and potential interactions with a. self-reported current body mass index (BMI), b. BMI aged 20 and c. First pregnancy >30 years or nulliparity compared with first pregnancy <30 years. Analysis was adjusted for age, height, family history, age of menarche and menopause, menopausal status, oophorectomy, ethnicity, self-reported exercise and alcohol. With median follow up of 8 years, 1663 breast cancers occurred. BC risk was elevated amongst current users of combined MHT compared to never users (Hazard ratioHR 1.64, 95% CI 1.32-2.03), risk was higher than for oestrogen only users (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.79-1.34). Risk of current MHT was attenuated by current BMI (interaction HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.65-0.99) per 5 unit increase in BMI. There was little evidence of an interaction between MHT use, breast cancer risk and early and current BMI or with age of first pregnancy.
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Adusei E, Ahenkorah J, Adu-Aryee NA, Adutwum-Ofosu KK, Tagoe EA, Koney NKK, Nkansah E, Aryee NA, Blay RM, Hottor BA, Clegg-Lamptey JN, Arko-Boham B. Reduced Serum Circulation of Cell-Free DNA Following Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients. Med Sci (Basel) 2021; 9:medsci9020037. [PMID: 34070520 PMCID: PMC8163010 DOI: 10.3390/medsci9020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, with alarming mortalities. Neoadjuvant treatments employ chemotherapy to shrink tumours to a well-defined size for a better surgical outcome. The current means of assessing effectiveness of chemotherapy management are imprecise. We previously showed that breast cancer patients have higher serum circulating cell-free DNA concentrations. cfDNA is degraded cellular DNA fragments released into the bloodstream. We further report on the utility of cfDNA in assessing the response to chemotherapy and its potential as a monitoring biomarker. A total of 32 newly diagnosed and treatment-naive female breast cancer patients and 32 healthy females as controls were included. Anthropometric, demographic and clinicopathological information of participants were recorded. Each participant donated 5 mL of venous blood from which sera were separated. Blood sampling was carried out before the commencement of chemotherapy (timepoint 1) and after the third cycle of chemotherapy (timepoint 2). qPCR was performed on the sera to quantify ALU 115 and 247 levels, and DNA integrity (ALU247/ALU115) was determined. ALU 115 and 247 levels were elevated in cancer patients but were significantly decreased after the third cycle of chemotherapy (T2) compared to T1. DNA integrity increased after the third cycle. Serum cfDNA may provide a relatively inexpensive and minimally invasive procedure to evaluate the response to chemotherapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Adusei
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana; (E.A.); (J.A.); (K.K.A.-O.); (N.K.-K.K.); (E.N.); (R.M.B.); (B.A.H.)
| | - John Ahenkorah
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana; (E.A.); (J.A.); (K.K.A.-O.); (N.K.-K.K.); (E.N.); (R.M.B.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Nii Armah Adu-Aryee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana; (N.A.A.-A.); (J.-N.C.-L.)
- Department of Surgery, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle Bu, Accra P.O. Box 77, Ghana
| | - Kevin Kofi Adutwum-Ofosu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana; (E.A.); (J.A.); (K.K.A.-O.); (N.K.-K.K.); (E.N.); (R.M.B.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Emmanuel Ayitey Tagoe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box KB 143, Ghana;
| | - Nii Koney-Kwaku Koney
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana; (E.A.); (J.A.); (K.K.A.-O.); (N.K.-K.K.); (E.N.); (R.M.B.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Emmanuel Nkansah
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana; (E.A.); (J.A.); (K.K.A.-O.); (N.K.-K.K.); (E.N.); (R.M.B.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Nii Ayite Aryee
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana;
| | - Richard Michael Blay
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana; (E.A.); (J.A.); (K.K.A.-O.); (N.K.-K.K.); (E.N.); (R.M.B.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Bismarck Afedo Hottor
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana; (E.A.); (J.A.); (K.K.A.-O.); (N.K.-K.K.); (E.N.); (R.M.B.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Joe-Nat Clegg-Lamptey
- Department of Surgery, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana; (N.A.A.-A.); (J.-N.C.-L.)
- Department of Surgery, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle Bu, Accra P.O. Box 77, Ghana
| | - Benjamin Arko-Boham
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box GP 4236, Ghana; (E.A.); (J.A.); (K.K.A.-O.); (N.K.-K.K.); (E.N.); (R.M.B.); (B.A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +233-200120709
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Tumor apelin and obesity are associated with reduced neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in a cohort of breast cancer patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9922. [PMID: 33972642 PMCID: PMC8110990 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89385-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a known factor increasing the risk of developing breast cancer and reducing disease free survival. In addition to these well-documented effects, recent studies have shown that obesity is also affecting response to chemotherapy. Among the multiple dysregulations associated with obesity, increased level of the apelin adipokine has been recently shown to be directly involved in the association between obesity and increased breast cancer progression. In this study, we analyzed in a retrospective cohort of 62 breast cancer patients the impact of obesity and tumoral apelin expression on response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In the multivariate logistic regression, obesity and high tumoral apelin expression were associated with a reduced response to NAC in our cohort. However, obesity and high tumoral apelin expression were not correlated, suggesting that those two parameters could be independently associated with reduced NAC response. These findings should be confirmed in independent cohorts.
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Kim IS, Kim CH, Yang WS. Physiologically Active Molecules and Functional Properties of Soybeans in Human Health-A Current Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4054. [PMID: 33920015 PMCID: PMC8071044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to providing nutrients, food can help prevent and treat certain diseases. In particular, research on soy products has increased dramatically following their emergence as functional foods capable of improving blood circulation and intestinal regulation. In addition to their nutritional value, soybeans contain specific phytochemical substances that promote health and are a source of dietary fiber, phospholipids, isoflavones (e.g., genistein and daidzein), phenolic acids, saponins, and phytic acid, while serving as a trypsin inhibitor. These individual substances have demonstrated effectiveness in preventing chronic diseases, such as arteriosclerosis, cardiac diseases, diabetes, and senile dementia, as well as in treating cancer and suppressing osteoporosis. Furthermore, soybean can affect fibrinolytic activity, control blood pressure, and improve lipid metabolism, while eliciting antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antibacterial effects. In this review, rather than to improve on the established studies on the reported nutritional qualities of soybeans, we intend to examine the physiological activities of soybeans that have recently been studied and confirm their potential as a high-functional, well-being food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Sup Kim
- Advanced Bio-resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, Gyunggi-Do 16419, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology, Gyunggi-Do 16419, Korea
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Karkou V, Dudley-Swarbrick I, Starkey J, Parsons A, Aithal S, Omylinska-Thurston J, Verkooijen HM, van den Boogaard R, Dochevska Y, Djobova S, Zdravkov I, Dimitrova I, Moceviciene A, Bonifacino A, Asumi AM, Forgione D, Ferrari A, Grazioli E, Cerulli C, Tranchita E, Sacchetti M, Parisi A. Dancing With Health: Quality of Life and Physical Improvements From an EU Collaborative Dance Programme With Women Following Breast Cancer Treatment. Front Psychol 2021; 12:635578. [PMID: 33716903 PMCID: PMC7943865 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Women's health has received renewed attention in the last few years including health rehabilitation options for women affected by breast cancer. Dancing has often been regarded as one attractive option for supporting women's well-being and health, but research with women recovering from breast cancer is still in its infancy. Dancing with Health is multi-site pilot study that aimed to evaluate a dance programme for women in recovery from breast cancer across five European countries. Methods: A standardized 32 h dance protocol introduced a range of Latin American dances presented within a sports and exercise framework with influences from dance movement therapy. Fifty-four women (M age 53.51; SD 7.99) participated in the study who had a breast cancer diagnosis <3 years, chemotherapy >6 weeks, no indication of metastasis, or scheduled surgery/chemotherapy/radiation treatment for the duration of the intervention. Primary outcome data was collected for anthropometric and fitness measures next to cancer-related quality of life. T-tests and Wilcoxon signed ranked tests were used to establish differences pre and post intervention. Cohen's d was also calculated to determine the effect size of the intervention. Results: Statistically significant changes were found for: (i) weight, right and left forearm circumference and hip; (ii) 6 min walking, right and left handgrip, sit-to-stand and sit-and-reach; (iii) the EORTC-QLQ C30 summary score as well as the subscales of emotional and social functioning and symptoms. In all cases the direction of change was positive, while Cohen's d calculated showed that the effect of the intervention for these parameters ranged from intermediate to large. Conclusion: Changes on the above anthropometric, fitness and quality of life measures suggest that the intervention was of value to the participating women recovering from breast cancer. Results also advocate collaborative efforts across countries to further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Karkou
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jennifer Starkey
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Ailsa Parsons
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Supritha Aithal
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefka Djobova
- Bulgarian Sports Development Association, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dolores Forgione
- Istituto Europeo per lo Sviluppo Socio Economico, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Andrea Ferrari
- Istituto Europeo per lo Sviluppo Socio Economico, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Elisa Grazioli
- Department of Human Movement Sciences and Health, Università degli Studi di Roma Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Cerulli
- Department of Human Movement Sciences and Health, Università degli Studi di Roma Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - Eliana Tranchita
- Department of Human Movement Sciences and Health, Università degli Studi di Roma Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Sacchetti
- Department of Human Movement Sciences and Health, Università degli Studi di Roma Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - Attilio Parisi
- Department of Human Movement Sciences and Health, Università degli Studi di Roma Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
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The impact of oral contraceptive use on breast cancer risk: State of the art and future perspectives in the era of 4P medicine. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 72:11-18. [PMID: 33454355 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women, the second most frequent cancer overall, and it causes the greatest number of cancer-related deaths among women. The significant increased concern of breast cancer worldwide may be attributed to the prolonged life expectancy and the adoption of the western lifestyle with its related risks factors. A woman's risk for breast cancer is linked to her reproductive history and with her lifetime hormonal exposure. Among the known risk factors for breast cancer, several studies investigated the possible role of the assumption of hormonal "pills" in both breast cancer incidence and development. Nevertheless, data about the association between the assumption of oral contraceptives and breast cancer incidence are still controversial and not conclusive. Given the public health importance of breast cancer and the popularity of hormonal "pills" as contraceptive, the impact of oral contraceptive use on breast cancer risk assumes relevance from both a clinical and a social point of view. Therefore, in this review we wanted to illustrate this issue by addressing the following major themes: a) the role of sex steroid hormones in female breast development and carcinogenesis; b) the clinical impact of hormonal oral contraception according to the state of the art literature; c) the actual scientific debate and future perspectives.
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Chen H, Yaghjyan L, Li C, Peters U, Rosner B, Lindström S, Tamimi RM. Association of Interactions Between Mammographic Density Phenotypes and Established Risk Factors With Breast Cancer Risk, by Tumor Subtype and Menopausal Status. Am J Epidemiol 2021; 190:44-58. [PMID: 32639533 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaa131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that the association between mammographic density (MD) and breast cancer risk might be modified by other breast cancer risk factors. In this study, we assessed multiplicative interactions between MD measures and established risk factors on the risk of invasive breast cancer overall and according to menopausal and estrogen receptor status. We used data on 2,137 cases and 4,346 controls from a nested case-control study within the Nurses' Health Study (1976-2004) and Nurses' Health Study II (1989-2007), whose data on percent mammographic density (PMD) and absolute area of dense tissue and nondense tissue (NDA) were available. No interaction remained statistically significant after adjusting for number of comparisons. For breast cancer overall, we observed nominally significant interactions (P < 0.05) between nulliparity and PMD/NDA, age at menarche and area of dense tissue, and body mass index and NDA. Individual nominally significant interactions across MD measures and risk factors were also observed in analyses stratified by either menopausal or estrogen receptor status. Our findings help provide further insights into potential mechanisms underlying the association between MD and breast cancer.
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Sarabandi S, Sattarifard H, Kiumarsi M, Karami S, Taheri M, Hashemi M, Bahari G, Ghavami S. Association between Genetic Polymorphisms of miR-1307, miR- 1269, miR-3117 and Breast Cancer Risk in a Sample of South East Iranian Women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:201-208. [PMID: 33507700 PMCID: PMC8184203 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.1.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential role in the susceptibility and development of cancer cells. OBJECTIVE Examining the dependency of breast cancer risk with genetic polymorphisms of miR-1307, miR-1269, and miR-3117 in a sample of Iranian women (southeast region). METHODS The case-control study consisted of 520 individuals (260 diagnosed BC patients, 260 healthy individuals). The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used for genotyping of miR-1307 rs7911488, miR-1269 rs73239138, and miR-3117 (rs4655646 and rs7512692) polymorphisms. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION This study provided evidence that miR-1307 rs7911488 polymorphism significantly reduced the risk of BC in heterozygous AG genotype, as well as dominant (AG+GG) genotype and G allele. A significant correlation was found between dominant (AA+AG) genotype, the A allele and protection against BC due to miR-1269 rs73239138 in the sample of study. In contrast, our findings suggested that AG genotype and G allele of miR-3117 rs4655646 polymorphism could increase BC's susceptibility among the southeastern Iranian females. The miR-3117 rs7512692 variant also increased the risk of BC in codominant, dominant and recessive models, as well as the T allele. The possible dependency of miR-1307, miR-1269, and miR-3117 variants with patients' clinicopathological characteristics and BC was also studied. It was concluded that there is a correlation between miR-3117 rs7512692 variant and tumor grade (p=0.031); also, a correlation between miR-1269 rs73239138 variant and progesterone receptor status (p=0.006). The current investigation revealed that miR-1307, miR-1269, and miR-3117 polymorphisms might play a crucial role in the Iranian population's vulnerability to BC.<br />.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahel Sarabandi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hedieh Sattarifard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Mohammad Kiumarsi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Shima Karami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Taheri
- Genetics of Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Bahari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Katowice School of Technology, 40-555 Katowice, Poland.,Autophagy Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Dell’Acqua G, Richards A, Thornton MJ. The Potential Role of Nutraceuticals as an Adjuvant in Breast Cancer Patients to Prevent Hair Loss Induced by Endocrine Therapy. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113537. [PMID: 33217935 PMCID: PMC7698784 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals, natural dietary and botanical supplements offering health benefits, provide a basis for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Use of CAM by healthy individuals and patients with medical conditions is rapidly increasing. For the majority of breast cancer patients, treatment plans involve 5–10 yrs of endocrine therapy, but hair loss/thinning is a common side effect. Many women consider this significant, severely impacting on quality of life, even leading to non-compliance of therapy. Therefore, nutraceuticals that stimulate/maintain hair growth can be proposed. Although nutraceuticals are often available without prescription and taken at the discretion of patients, physicians can be reluctant to recommend them, even as adjuvants, since potential interactions with endocrine therapy have not been fully elucidated. It is, therefore, important to understand the modus operandi of ingredients to be confident that their use will not interfere/interact with therapy. The aim is to improve clinical/healthcare outcomes by combining specific nutraceuticals with conventional care whilst avoiding detrimental interactions. This review presents the current understanding of nutraceuticals beneficial to hair wellness and outcomes concerning efficacy/safety in breast cancer patients. We will focus on describing endocrine therapy and the role of estrogens in cancer and hair growth before evaluating the effects of natural ingredients on breast cancer and hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Julie Thornton
- Centre for Skin Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD17 7DF, UK
- Correspondence:
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Karami S, Sattarifard H, Kiumarsi M, Sarabandi S, Taheri M, Hashemi M, Bahari G, Ghavami S. Evaluating the Possible Association between PD-1 (Rs11568821, Rs2227981, Rs2227982) and PD-L1 (Rs4143815, Rs2890658) Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in a Sample of Southeast Iranian Women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:3115-3123. [PMID: 33112575 PMCID: PMC7798179 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.10.3115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) play a critical role as a regulator of immune-system cells, including T cell, natural killer T (NKT), monocytes, dendritic cells (DC), and B cells. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to find a possible association between PD-1 (rs11568821, rs2227981, rs2227982), and PD-L1 (rs4143815, rs2890658) variants and Breast Cancer (BC) risk in a sample of southeast Iranian women. METHOD The case-control study consisted of 520 individuals, including 260 histologically confirmed BC patients and 260 non-cancer age-matching healthy women as the control group. The Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Tetra-Primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Polymerase Chain Reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) methods were used for genotyping of PD-1 (rs11568821, rs2227981, rs2227982), and PD-L1 (rs4143815, rs2890658) polymorphisms. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that the PD-L1 rs4143815 (G/C) variant meaningfully reduced the risk of BC. However, the PD-L1 rs2890658 variant increased the BC risk in the AC genotype as well as the A allele. Furthermore, we could not find a meaningful association between PD-1 rs11568821, PD-1 rs2227981, PD-1 rs2227982, and BC. Our team examined the possible association between variants and clinicopathological characteristics, including age, size of tumour, lymph node, histology, grade of tumour, estrogen and progesterone receptors status as well as human growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Our findings demonstrated that PD-L1 rs4143815, PD-L1 rs2890658, PD-1 rs2227982 had a significant association with age. Additionally, we found a significant relation between PD-1 rs2227982 variant and tumour size. Statistical analyzes of PD-1 rs2227981 and PD-1 rs11568821 variants showed a meaningful relation between tumour grade and tumour stage (p=0.006), respectively.<br />.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Karami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hedieh Sattarifard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Mohammad Kiumarsi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Sahel Sarabandi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Taheri
- Genetics of Non- Communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Bahari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Katowice School of Technology, 40-555 Katowice, Poland.,Autophagy Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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McEligot AJ, Poynor V, Sharma R, Panangadan A. Logistic LASSO Regression for Dietary Intakes and Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092652. [PMID: 32878103 PMCID: PMC7551912 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A multitude of dietary factors from dietary fat to macro and micronutrients intakes have been associated with breast cancer, yet data are still equivocal. Therefore, utilizing data from the large, multi-year, cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we applied a novel, modern statistical shrinkage technique, logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, to examine the association between dietary intakes in women, ≥50 years, with self-reported breast cancer (n = 286) compared with women without self-reported breast cancer (1144) from the 1999–2010 NHANES cycle. Logistic LASSO regression was used to examine the relationship between twenty-nine variables, including dietary variables from food, as well as well-established/known breast cancer risk factors, and to subsequently identify the most relevant variables associated with self-reported breast cancer. We observed that as the penalty factor (λ) increased in the logistic LASSO regression, well-established breast cancer risk factors, including age (β = 0.83) and parity (β = −0.05) remained in the model. For dietary macro and micronutrient intakes, only vitamin B12 (β = 0.07) was positively associated with self-reported breast cancer. Caffeine (β = −0.01) and alcohol (β = 0.03) use also continued to remain in the model. These data suggest that a diet high in vitamin B12, as well as alcohol use may be associated with self-reported breast cancer. Nonetheless, additional prospective studies should apply more recent statistical techniques to dietary data and cancer outcomes to replicate and confirm the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana J. McEligot
- Department of Public Health, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-657-278-3822
| | - Valerie Poynor
- Department of Mathematics, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA;
| | - Rishabh Sharma
- Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA;
| | - Anand Panangadan
- Department of Computer Science, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA;
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Cancer Incidence Characteristic Evolution Based on the National Cancer Registry in Taiwan. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:1408793. [PMID: 32774368 PMCID: PMC7396109 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1408793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Taiwan has committed itself to cancer prevention. This study investigates the impact of cancer prevention on cancer incidence in Taiwan. Objective This study describes the secular trends and present status of cancer incidence in Taiwan during the years of 1988 to 2016. Methods Age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs), age-specific incidence, and sex ratios for all cancers were calculated using data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry System for the years 1988 to 2016. Results and Conclusions. ASRs of cancer for males increased from 150.93 per 105 individuals in 1988 to 330.03 per 105 individuals in 2016, and, for females, they increased from 124.18 per 105 individuals in 1988 to 269.5 per 105 individuals in 2016. We found that cancer incidence has begun at younger ages and that the rates of cancer incidence are increasing faster. This study shows that the incidence of cancer in males has decreased slightly in recent years, while the incidence of cancer in females has continued to increase. The continuous promotion of health literacy, lifestyle modification, HBV and HPV vaccination, and cancer early screening can improve the effectiveness of cancer prevention.
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Abstract
Despite decades of laboratory, epidemiological and clinical research, breast cancer incidence continues to rise. Breast cancer remains the leading cancer-related cause of disease burden for women, affecting one in 20 globally and as many as one in eight in high-income countries. Reducing breast cancer incidence will likely require both a population-based approach of reducing exposure to modifiable risk factors and a precision-prevention approach of identifying women at increased risk and targeting them for specific interventions, such as risk-reducing medication. We already have the capacity to estimate an individual woman's breast cancer risk using validated risk assessment models, and the accuracy of these models is likely to continue to improve over time, particularly with inclusion of newer risk factors, such as polygenic risk and mammographic density. Evidence-based risk-reducing medications are cheap, widely available and recommended by professional health bodies; however, widespread implementation of these has proven challenging. The barriers to uptake of, and adherence to, current medications will need to be considered as we deepen our understanding of breast cancer initiation and begin developing and testing novel preventives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara L Britt
- Breast Cancer Risk and Prevention Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Jack Cuzick
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Parity reduces mammary repopulating activity but does not affect mammary stem cells defined as CD24 + CD29/CD49fhi in mice. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 183:565-575. [PMID: 32696317 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BCa) mortality is decreasing with early detection and improvement in therapies. The incidence of BCa, however, continues to increase, particularly estrogen-receptor-positive (ER +) subtypes. One of the greatest modifiers of ER + BCa risk is childbearing (parity), with BCa risk halved in young multiparous mothers. Despite convincing epidemiological data, the biology that underpins this protection remains unclear. Parity-induced protection has been postulated to be due to a decrease in mammary stem cells (MaSCs); however, reports to date have provided conflicting data. METHODS We have completed rigorous functional testing of repopulating activity in parous mice using unfractionated and MaSC (CD24midCD49fhi)-enriched populations. We also developed a novel serial transplant method to enable us to assess self-renewal of MaSC following pregnancy. Lastly, as each pregnancy confers additional BCa protection, we subjected mice to multiple rounds of pregnancy to assess whether additional pregnancies impact MaSC activity. RESULTS Here, we report that while repopulating activity in the mammary gland is reduced by parity in the unfractionated gland, it is not due to a loss in the classically defined MaSC (CD24+CD49fhi) numbers or function. Self-renewal was unaffected by parity and additional rounds of pregnancy also did not lead to a decrease in MaSC activity. CONCLUSIONS Our data show instead that parity impacts on the stem-like activity of cells outside the MaSC population.
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Gourgue F, Mignion L, Van Hul M, Dehaen N, Bastien E, Payen V, Leroy B, Joudiou N, Vertommen D, Bouzin C, Delzenne N, Gallez B, Feron O, Jordan BF, Cani PD. Obesity and triple-negative-breast-cancer: Is apelin a new key target? J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10233-10244. [PMID: 32681609 PMCID: PMC7520321 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that obese subjects have an increased risk of developing triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) and an overall reduced survival. However, the relation between obesity and TNBC remains difficult to understand. We hypothesize that apelin, an adipokine whose levels are increased in obesity, could be a major factor contributing to both tumour growth and metastatization in TNBC obese patients. We observed that development of obesity under high‐fat diet in TNBC tumour‐bearing mice significantly increased tumour growth. By showing no effect of high‐fat diet in obesity‐resistant mice, we demonstrated the necessity to develop obesity‐related disorders to increase tumour growth. Apelin mRNA expression was also increased in the subcutaneous adipose tissue and tumours of obese mice. We further highlighted that the reproduction of obesity‐related levels of apelin in lean mice led to an increased TNBC growth and brain metastases formation. Finally, injections of the apelinergic antagonist F13A to obese mice significantly reduced TNBC growth, suggesting that apelinergic system interference could be an interesting therapeutic strategy in the context of obesity and TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Gourgue
- Metabolism & Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lionel Mignion
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism & Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Natacha Dehaen
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Estelle Bastien
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valery Payen
- Pole of Pediatrics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Baptiste Leroy
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Microbiology, MS-Quanta Platform, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Joudiou
- Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies (NEST) Platform, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Vertommen
- de Duve Institute (DDUV), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Imaging platform 2IP, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Delzenne
- Metabolism & Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bénédicte F Jordan
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism & Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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González-Rodríguez A, Labad J, Seeman MV. Antipsychotic-induced Hyperprolactinemia in aging populations: Prevalence, implications, prevention and management. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 101:109941. [PMID: 32243999 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the prevalence, implications, prevention and management of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia in aging populations. Antipsychotics are indicated mainly for the treatment of psychotic illness but are also used in other conditions. Complications induced by antipsychotics increase with age, due to age-related changes in drug metabolism and excretion. Almost all antipsychotics lead to hyperprolactinemia by blocking dopamine D2 receptors in the anterior pituitary gland, which counteracts dopamine's inhibitory action on prolactin secretion. The main findings of this narrative review are that, though many of the known side effects of high prolactin levels lose their salience with age, the risk of exacerbating osteoporosis remains critical. Methods of preventing antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia in older individuals include using antipsychotic medication (AP) as sparingly as possible and monitoring AP serum levels, regularly measuring prolactin levels, closely monitoring bone density, treating substance abuse, and teaching patients stress management techniques. When hyperprolactinemia symptoms cannot be otherwise managed, adjunctive drugs are available. Potential helpful adjuncts are: dopamine agonists, antipsychotics with partial agonist properties (e.g. aripiprazole), selective estrogen receptor modulators, and metformin. Because a gold standard for prevention/treatment has not been established, clinical decisions need to be made based on safety and individual circumstance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre González-Rodríguez
- Department of Mental Health. Parc Tauli University Hospital. I3PT. Sabadell (Barcelona, Spain) Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB)..
| | - Javier Labad
- Department of Mental Health. Parc Tauli University Hospital. I3PT. Sabadell (Barcelona, Spain) Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB). CIBERSAM
| | - Mary V Seeman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5P 3L6
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