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Guan J, Abudouaini H, Lin K, Yang K. Emerging insights into the role of IL-1 inhibitors and colchicine for inflammation control in type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:140. [PMID: 38918878 PMCID: PMC11197348 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder, is closely linked to persistent low-grade inflammation, significantly contributing to its development and progression. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the inflammatory mechanisms underlying T2DM, focusing on the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in mediating inflammatory responses. We discuss the therapeutic potential of IL-1 inhibitors and colchicine, highlighting their mechanisms in inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome and reducing IL-1β production. Recent studies indicate that these agents could effectively mitigate inflammation, offering promising avenues for the prevention and management of T2DM. By exploring the intricate connections between metabolic disturbances and chronic inflammation, this review underscores the need for novel anti-inflammatory strategies to address T2DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Guan
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haimiti Abudouaini
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaiyuan Lin
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Kaitan Yang
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
- Truma Rehabilitation Department, Honghui-Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
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Wang DD, Naumova AV, Isquith D, Sapp J, Huynh KA, Tucker I, Balu N, Voronyuk A, Chu B, Ordovas K, Maynard C, Tian R, Zhao XQ, Kim F. Dapagliflozin reduces systemic inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes without known heart failure. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:197. [PMID: 38849829 PMCID: PMC11161924 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02294-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients; however, the mechanism is unclear. We hypothesized that dapagliflozin improves cardiac outcomes via beneficial effects on systemic and cardiac inflammation and cardiac fibrosis. RESEARCH AND DESIGN METHODS This randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial enrolled 62 adult patients (mean age 62, 17% female) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) without known heart failure. Subjects were randomized to 12 months of daily 10 mg dapagliflozin or placebo. For all patients, blood/plasma samples and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) were obtained at time of randomization and at the end of 12 months. Systemic inflammation was assessed by plasma IL-1B, TNFα, IL-6 and ketone levels and PBMC mitochondrial respiration, an emerging marker of sterile inflammation. Global myocardial strain was assessed by feature tracking; cardiac fibrosis was assessed by T1 mapping to calculate extracellular volume fraction (ECV); and cardiac tissue inflammation was assessed by T2 mapping. RESULTS Between the baseline and 12-month time point, plasma IL-1B was reduced (- 1.8 pg/mL, P = 0.003) while ketones were increased (0.26 mM, P = 0.0001) in patients randomized to dapagliflozin. PBMC maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) decreased over the 12-month period in the placebo group but did not change in patients receiving dapagliflozin (- 158.9 pmole/min/106 cells, P = 0.0497 vs. - 5.2 pmole/min/106 cells, P = 0.41), a finding consistent with an anti-inflammatory effect of SGLT2i. Global myocardial strain, ECV and T2 relaxation time did not change in both study groups. CLINICAL TRIAL GOV REGISTRATION NCT03782259.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis D Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna V Naumova
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel Isquith
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jamie Sapp
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kim A Huynh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Isabella Tucker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Niranjan Balu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna Voronyuk
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Baocheng Chu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karen Ordovas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles Maynard
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rong Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xue-Qiao Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Francis Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- University of Washington, 850 Republican St, Box 358055, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.
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Widowati W, Darsono L, Natariza MR, Waluyo NW, Gleyriena Tenda AM, Siahaan BH, Oktaviani R, Zahiroh FH, Utomo HS, Rizal R. Antidiabetic, antidyslipidemia, and renoprotector potency of butterfly pea flower extract ( Clitorea ternatea L.) in diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia rats model. Open Vet J 2024; 14:1135-1145. [PMID: 38938424 PMCID: PMC11199744 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i5.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term condition marked by high blood glucose levels caused by insulin resistance which will lead to complications of other diseases such as dyslipidemia, which also affects the health of the liver and kidneys. Butterfly pea flower (Clitorea ternatea L.) has phenolic and flavonoid compounds which have the potential as herbal medicines for antidiabetics. Aim The purpose of this study is to examine the potential of butterfly pea flower extract (BPE) as an antidiabetic, anti-dyslipidemia, and renoprotection. Methods In vivo test was performed on Sprague Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) induced by Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide and High Fat Diet-Propylthiouracil as models of DM and dyslipidemia, and BPE was administered orally (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg BW) for 28 days. glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione S-transferase (GST), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-kB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), liver albumin levels, serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and serum uric acid (UA), were measured by ELISA and colorimetry methods. Results Treatment of BPE 800 mg/kg BW increased levels of GSH-Px, GST, albumin, and serum protein. BPE decreased TNF-α, NF-kB, and ALP. BPE also decreased BUN, serum CR, and serum UA. Conclusion BPE has the potential to be used as a drug alternative for the treatment of DM and dyslipidemia as well as a hepatoprotective and renoprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahyu Widowati
- Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java 40164, Indonesia
| | - Lusiana Darsono
- Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java 40164, Indonesia
| | - Maria R. Natariza
- Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java 40164, Indonesia
| | - Novaldo W. Waluyo
- Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java 40164, Indonesia
| | | | - Berlian H. Siahaan
- Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java 40164, Indonesia
| | - Reza Oktaviani
- Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java 40164, Indonesia
| | - Fadhilah Haifa Zahiroh
- Aretha Medika Utama Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Bandung, West Java 40163, Indonesia
| | - Herry S. Utomo
- Louisiana State University (LSU) AgCenter, H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station, Rayne, LA 70578, USA
| | - Rizal Rizal
- Aretha Medika Utama Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Bandung, West Java 40163, Indonesia
- Biomedical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia
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Millar JK, Salmon M, Nasser E, Malik S, Kolli P, Lu G, Pinteaux E, Hawkins RB, Ailawadi G. Endothelial to mesenchymal transition in the interleukin-1 pathway during aortic aneurysm formation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 167:e146-e158. [PMID: 37951532 PMCID: PMC11029391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial to mesenchymal transition may represent a key link between inflammatory stress and endothelial dysfunction seen in aortic aneurysm disease. Endothelial to mesenchymal transition is regulated by interleukin-1β, and previous work has demonstrated an essential role of interleukin-1 signaling in experimental aortic aneurysm models. We hypothesize that endothelial to mesenchymal transition is present in murine aortic aneurysms, and loss of interleukin-1 signaling attenuates this process. METHODS Murine aortic aneurysms were created in novel CDH5-Cre lineage tracking mice by treating the intact aorta with peri-adventitial elastase. Endothelial to mesenchymal transition transcription factors as well as endothelial and mesenchymal cell markers were analyzed via immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence (n = 10/group). To determine the role of interleukin-1 signaling, endothelial-specific interleukin-1 receptor 1 knockout and wild-type mice (n = 10/group) were treated with elastase. Additionally, C57/BL6 mice were treated with the interleukin-1 receptor 1 antagonist Anakinra (n = 7) or vehicle (n = 8). RESULTS Elastase treatment yielded greater aortic dilation compared with controls (elastase 97.0% ± 34.0%; control 5.3% ± 4.8%; P < .001). Genetic deletion of interleukin-1 receptor 1 attenuated aortic dilation (control 126.7% ± 38.7%; interleukin-1 receptor 1 knockout 35.2% ± 14.7%; P < .001), as did pharmacologic inhibition of interleukin-1 receptor 1 with Anakinra (vehicle 146.3% ± 30.1%; Anakinra 63.5% ± 23.3%; P < .001). Elastase treatment resulted in upregulation of endothelial to mesenchymal transition transcription factors (Snail, Slug, Twist, ZNF) and mesenchymal cell markers (S100, alpha smooth muscle actin) and loss of endothelial cell markers (vascular endothelial cadherin, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, von Willebrand factor). These changes were attenuated by interleukin-1 receptor 1 knockout and Anakinra treatment. CONCLUSIONS Endothelial to mesenchymal transition occurs in aortic aneurysm disease and is attenuated by loss of interleukin-1 signaling. Endothelial dysfunction through endothelial to mesenchymal transition represents a new and novel pathway in understanding aortic aneurysm disease and may be a potential target for future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Millar
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Morgan Salmon
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | | | | | | | - Guanyi Lu
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Emmanuel Pinteaux
- Division of Neuroscience, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Robert B Hawkins
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Gorav Ailawadi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
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Zhao L, Hu H, Zhang L, Liu Z, Huang Y, Liu Q, Jin L, Zhu M, Zhang L. Inflammation in diabetes complications: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e516. [PMID: 38617433 PMCID: PMC11014467 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
At present, diabetes mellitus (DM) has been one of the most endangering healthy diseases. Current therapies contain controlling high blood sugar, reducing risk factors like obesity, hypertension, and so on; however, DM patients inevitably and eventually progress into different types of diabetes complications, resulting in poor quality of life. Unfortunately, the clear etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes complications have not been elucidated owing to intricate whole-body systems. The immune system was responsible to regulate homeostasis by triggering or resolving inflammatory response, indicating it may be necessary to diabetes complications. In fact, previous studies have been shown inflammation plays multifunctional roles in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications and is attracting attention to be the meaningful therapeutic strategy. To this end, this review systematically concluded the current studies over the relationships of susceptible diabetes complications (e.g., diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and diabetic nephropathy) and inflammation, ranging from immune cell response, cytokines interaction to pathomechanism of organ injury. Besides, we also summarized various therapeutic strategies to improve diabetes complications by target inflammation from special remedies to conventional lifestyle changes. This review will offer a panoramic insight into the mechanisms of diabetes complications from an inflammatory perspective and also discuss contemporary clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Haoran Hu
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zheting Liu
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yunchao Huang
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qian Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Traditional Chinese Medicines Education (Zhejiang Chinese Medical University)College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Liang Jin
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Meifei Zhu
- Department of Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
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Peng C, Chen J, Wu R, Jiang H, Li J. Unraveling the complex roles of macrophages in obese adipose tissue: an overview. Front Med 2024; 18:205-236. [PMID: 38165533 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages, a heterogeneous population of innate immune cells, exhibit remarkable plasticity and play pivotal roles in coordinating immune responses and maintaining tissue homeostasis within the context of metabolic diseases. The activation of inflammatory macrophages in obese adipose tissue leads to detrimental effects, inducing insulin resistance through increased inflammation, impaired thermogenesis, and adipose tissue fibrosis. Meanwhile, adipose tissue macrophages also play a beneficial role in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis by regulating angiogenesis, facilitating the clearance of dead adipocytes, and promoting mitochondrial transfer. Exploring the heterogeneity of macrophages in obese adipose tissue is crucial for unraveling the pathogenesis of obesity and holds significant potential for targeted therapeutic interventions. Recently, the dual effects and some potential regulatory mechanisms of macrophages in adipose tissue have been elucidated using single-cell technology. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the intricate activation mechanisms and diverse functions of macrophages in adipose tissue during obesity, as well as explore the potential of drug delivery systems targeting macrophages, aiming to enhance the understanding of current regulatory mechanisms that may be potentially targeted for treating obesity or metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Haowen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jia Li
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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7
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Wang D, Naumova A, Isquith D, Sapp J, Huynh KA, Tucker I, Balu N, Voronyuk A, Chu B, Ordovas K, Maynard C, Tian R, Zhao XQ, Kim F. Dapagliflozin Reduces Systemic Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Without Known Heart Failure. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4132581. [PMID: 38585865 PMCID: PMC10996801 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4132581/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients; however, the mechanism is unclear. We hypothesized that dapagliflozin improves cardiac outcomes via beneficial effects on systemic and cardiac inflammation and cardiac fibrosis. Research and Design Methods This randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial enrolled 62 adult patients (mean age 62, 17% female) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) without known heart failure. Subjects were randomized to 12 months of daily 10 mg dapagliflozin or placebo. For all patients, blood/plasma samples and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) were obtained at time of randomization and at the end of 12 months. Systemic inflammation was assessed by plasma IL-1B, TNFα, IL-6 and ketone levels and PBMC mitochondrial respiration, an emerging marker of sterile inflammation. Cardiac fibrosis was assessed by T1 mapping to calculate extracellular volume fraction (ECV); cardiac tissue inflammation was assessed by T2 mapping. Results Between the baseline and 12-month time point, plasma IL-1B was reduced (-1.8 pg/mL, P=0.003) while ketones were increased (0.26 mM, P=0.0001) in patients randomized to dapagliflozin. PBMC maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) decreased over the 12-month period in the placebo group but did not change in patients receiving dapagliflozin (-158.9 pmole/min/106cells, P=0.0497 vs -45.2 pmole/min/106cells, P=0.41), a finding consistent with an anti-inflammatory effect of SGLT2i. ECV and T2 relaxation time did not change in both study groups. Conclusion This study demonstrates that 12 months of dapagliflozin reduces IL-1B mediated systemic inflammation but affect cardiac fibrosis in T2D. Clinical Trialgov Registration NCT03782259.
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Deng W, Zhao Z, Zou T, Kuang T, Wang J. Research Advances in Fusion Protein-Based Drugs for Diabetes Treatment. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:343-362. [PMID: 38288338 PMCID: PMC10823413 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s421527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, resulting in multi-organ dysfunction and various complications. Fusion proteins can form multifunctional complexes by combining the target proteins with partner proteins. It has significant advantages in improving the performance of the target proteins, extending their biological half-life, and enhancing patient drug compliance. Fusion protein-based drugs have emerged as promising new drugs in diabetes therapeutics. However, there has not been a systematic review of fusion protein-based drugs for diabetes therapeutics. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive review of published literature on diabetic fusion protein-based drugs for diabetes, with a primary focus on immunoglobulin G (IgG) fragment crystallizable (Fc) region, albumin, and transferrin (TF). This review aims to provide a reference for the subsequent development and clinical application of fusion protein-based drugs in diabetes therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Deng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, 421001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeyi Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, 421001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, 421001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongdong Kuang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, 421001, People’s Republic of China
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Wang W, Zhang J. Teneligliptin alleviates diabetes-related cognitive impairment by inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and NLRP3 inflammasome in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 16:8336-8347. [PMID: 38127000 PMCID: PMC11131981 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly influences the normal health of patients with its severe complications, including diabetes-related cognitive impairment (CI). Recently, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress (OS) have been reported to participate in the pathogenesis of diabetes-related CI. Teneligliptin, an inhibitor of DDP-IV, was developed for treating DM and is claimed with promising effects against inflammation. Herein, in the current study, we examined the potential therapeutic function of Teneligliptin against diabetes-related CI. Db/m or diabetic mice were orally administered with teneligliptin (60 mg/kg/day) for 10 weeks. Elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), increased escape latency, declined time in the platform quadrant and decreased number of platform crossings in the Morris water maze test, reduced freezing index in the fear conditioning test, and lessened time spent in the novel arm and percentage of alterations in the Y-maze test were observed in diabetic mice, all of which were sharply improved by teneligliptin. Furthermore, increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and activated OS state were observed in the hippocampus of diabetic mice, which were markedly repressed by Teneligliptin. Lastly, the activation of the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) signaling and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway in the hippocampus of diabetic mice were notably inhibited by teneligliptin. Collectively, teneligliptin mitigated diabetes-related CI by repressing the ER stress and NLRP3 inflammasome in diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Laizhou City People’s Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 261400, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Laizhou City People’s Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 261400, China
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Song XM, Zhao MN, Li GZ, Li N, Wang T, Zhou H. Atorvastatin ameliorated myocardial fibrosis in db/db mice by inhibiting oxidative stress and modulating macrophage polarization. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1849-1861. [PMID: 38222782 PMCID: PMC10784803 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i12.1849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with diabetes mellitus (DM) suffer from multiple chronic complications due to sustained hyperglycemia, especially diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Oxidative stress and inflammatory cells play crucial roles in the occurrence and progression of myocardial remodeling. Macrophages polarize to two distinct phenotypes: M1 and M2, and such plasticity in phenotypes provide macrophages various biological functions. AIM To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on cardiac function of DCM in db/db mice and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS DCM mouse models were established and randomly divided into DM, atorvastatin, and metformin groups. C57BL/6 mice were used as the control. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining was used to examine the morphology and collagen fibers in myocardial tissues. The expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β),M1 macrophages (iNOS+), and M2 macrophages (CD206+) were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. The levels of TGF-β1, IL-1β, and TNF-α were detected by ELISA and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and superoxide dismutase (SOD) ac-tivities were also measured. RESULTS Treatment with atorvastatin alleviated cardiac dysfunction and decreased db/db mice. The broken myocardial fibers and deposition of collagen in the myocardial interstitium were relieved especially by atorvastatin treatment. Atorvastatin also reduced the levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, and troponin; lowered the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α and IL-1β in serum and myocardium; decreased the concentration of MDA and increased SOD activity in myocardium of db/db mice; inhibited M1 macrophages; and promoted M2 macrophages. CONCLUSION Administration of atorvastatin attenuates myocardial fibrosis in db/db mice, which may be associated with the antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects of atorvastatin on diabetic myocardium through modulating macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Min Song
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Handan Central Hospital, Handan 056001, Hebei Province, China
| | - Meng-Nan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Gui-Zhi Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
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11
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Xie D, Wang Q, Huang W, Zhao L. Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors have anti-inflammatory effects in patients with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 79:1291-1301. [PMID: 37493797 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-023-03541-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Systematic low-grade inflammation is considered to be an important factor leading to the development of T2DM and the progression of its complications. Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors show potential anti-inflammatory effects in patients with T2DM. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with T2DM. METHODS A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify randomized controlled trials that assess the anti-inflammatory effects of DPP-4 inhibitors. Quantitative data analysis was conducted by a random-effects model. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to determine the robustness of the pooled results. RESULTS Twenty-two studies with 1595 patients with T2DM were included. Pooled results showed that DPP-4 inhibitor therapy was significantly associated with the reduction of C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD, - 0.56, p < 0.01), TNF-α (SMD, - 1.69, p < 0.01), IL-6 (SMD, - 0.67, p < 0.01), and IL-1β (WMD, - 8.21 pg/ml, p < 0.01). Leave-one-out meta-analysis showed no significant change in the pooled results of CRP and TNF-α. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis demonstrated that DPP-4 inhibitors can significantly attenuate low-grade inflammatory state in patients with T2DM. In addition to improving glycemic control, DDP-4 inhibitors might offer extra therapeutic value by controlling inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengpiao Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Liangbin Zhao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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12
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JIN S, LIU Y, HAN X, CAI M, XU J, LU H, CHEN Q. Dark red tongue color formation caused by hyperglycemia is attributed to decreased blood flow of tongue tissue partially due to nuclear factor-kappa B pathway activation. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2023; 43:1118-1125. [PMID: 37946474 PMCID: PMC10623255 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20231018.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the dark red tongue color formation induced by hyperglycemia. METHODS A high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin were used to establish a diabetes model. The color and blood flow of tongues were analyzed by the Tongue Diagnosis Analysis System and laser Doppler flowmetry, respectively. Inflammatory factors and adhesion factors were measured in the circulation and tongue tissue by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blotting was employed to evaluate nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p50 and inhibitor of kappa B kinase protein expression levels in the tongue. Then, the NF-κB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid ammonium salt was utilized to repress NF-κB pathway activation to validate that the NF-κB pathway plays a key role in blood flow and dark red tongue color formation. RESULTS The diabetic rats displayed a dark red tongue color that was accompanied by NF-κB pathway activation and decreased blood flow in the tongue. These effects could be reversed by the NF-κB inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS Our investigation demonstrated that hyperglycemia led to dark red tongue color formation by decreasing blood flow in the tongue, which was partly due to NF-κB pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyi JIN
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Institute, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yahua LIU
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Institute, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xu HAN
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Institute, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mengjie CAI
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Institute, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiatuo XU
- 2 Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hao LU
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Institute, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qingguang CHEN
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Institute, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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13
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Syed NA, Bhatti A, John P. Molecular Link between Glo-1 Expression and Markers of Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress in Vascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1663. [PMID: 37759966 PMCID: PMC10525326 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus trigger cellular dysfunction via the formation of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs), resulting in dicarbonyl stress. Glyoxalase-1 (Glo-1) is the main defense against dicarbonyl stress. The aim of this study was to explore any cross-talk between Glo-1 and markers of hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. The siRNA-mediated downregulation of Glo-1 was performed in human microvascular endothelial cell line (HMEC-1). A Glo-1 transgenic rat model was developed. Glo-1 activity, as determined spectrophotometrically, and methylglyoxal were quantified using UPLC-MS/MS and the expression of representative markers of hyperglycemia and oxidative stress was performed using quantitative real-time PCR. A significant increase in the expression of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was observed in the case of the siRNA-mediated downregulation of Glo-1 in the microvasculature model under hyperglycemic conditions (p-value < 0.001), as well the as overexpression of Glo-1 in the macrovasculature (p-value = 0.0125). The expression of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) was found to be significantly upregulated in wildtype diabetic conditions vs. Glo-1 transgenic control conditions (p-value = 0.008), whereas the downregulation of Glo-1 had no impact on TXNIP expression. These findings substantiate the role of VCAM as an important marker of dicarbonyl stress (represented by Glo-1 downregulation), as well as of hyperglycemia, in diabetic vascular complications. Our findings also suggest a potential feedback loop that may exist between Glo-1 and TXNIP, as the highest expression of TXNIP is observed in cases of wildtype diabetic conditions, and the lowest expression of TXNIP is observed when Glo-1 transgene is being expressed in absence of dicarbonyl stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Ali Syed
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (N.A.S.); (P.J.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Science, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Attya Bhatti
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (N.A.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Peter John
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (N.A.S.); (P.J.)
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14
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Sher EK, Prnjavorac B, Farhat EK, Palić B, Ansar S, Sher F. Effect of Diabetic Neuropathy on Reparative Ability and Immune Response System. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00813-z. [PMID: 37523019 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00813-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The effects of diabetes can be divided into short, medium and long term and various human organ systems can be effected. The present study aimed to determine how much the duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) affect the reparative ability of the body, immune response and the development of DM complications. Interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) were monitored as specific indicators of inflammatory reaction and C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocyte count (WBC) and sedimentation rate (ESR) as general markers of inflammatory reaction. Tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) were observed as indicators of reparative ability and polyneuropathy. All interleukins were determined by ELISA and evaluated spectrophotometrically. Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) is performed for neuropathy examination. Patients with diabetes mellitus were divided into 3 groups, according to duration of diabetes mellitus. IL-6 levels correlated with clinical stage of diabetic polyneuropathy at p = 0.025 R = 0.402; with CRP at p = 0.0001, R = 0.784 as well as correlation of CRP and MNSI score (R = 0.500, p = 0.034) in a group of patients with DM lasting up to 10 years. The reparative ability of the body is reduced by physiological age and ages of DM duration. The immune response is weakened in DM additionally. The dual activity of cytokines IL-6 and TGF-β1 is present in long-duration Diabetes Mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emina Karahmet Sher
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Besim Prnjavorac
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Esma Karahmet Farhat
- Department of Food and Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Osijek Juraj Strossmayer, Osijek, 31000, Croatia
- International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, Nottingham, UK
| | - Benjamin Palić
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, 88000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sabah Ansar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farooq Sher
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
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15
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Li Z, Yan X, Wei J, Pu L, Zhu G, Cao Y, Liu Z, Liu Y, Li Y, Li L, Li X, Wu Z. A novel colchicine-myricetin heterozygous molecule: design, synthesis, and effective evaluations on the pathological models of acute lung injury in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1224906. [PMID: 37456754 PMCID: PMC10340118 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1224906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory condition and there are no effective treatments. A novel new compound----colchicine-myricetin hybrid (CMyrH) was herein designed and synthesized. To evaluate the activity of CMyrH in ALI, we used a bleomycin (BLM) induced BEAS-2B injury model in vitro and established a well-recognized rat model of BLM-induced lung injury in vivo. The results demonstrated that colchicine-myricetin hybrid protected BEAS-2B cells against BLM-induced cell injury in an increased dose manner, and reduced wet/dry weight ratio, histological scoring, and inflammation cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α levels of lung tissue of the rats. Furthermore, we found colchicine-myricetin hybrid inhibited caspase-1, ASC, GSDMD, and NLRP-3 expression in vivo. Meanwhile, we used molecular docking to analyze the binding mode of colchicine-myricetin hybrid and human neutrophil elastase (HNE), it revealed that colchicine-myricetin hybrid showed strong binding affinity toward human neutrophil elastase when compared to its parent molecules. In conclusion, It is suggested that colchicine-myricetin hybrid antagonized acute lung injury by focusing on multi-targets via multi-mechanisms, and might be served as a potential therapeutic agent for acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyue Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Wu Zhengzhi Academician Workstation, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xueqin Yan
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Wu Zhengzhi Academician Workstation, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiangchun Wei
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Wu Zhengzhi Academician Workstation, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Liuyang Pu
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guanbao Zhu
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yongkai Cao
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhanyan Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yaqian Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Limin Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinping Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhengzhi Wu
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Wu Zhengzhi Academician Workstation, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo, China
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16
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Duisenbek A, Lopez-Armas GC, Pérez M, Avilés Pérez MD, Aguilar Benitez JM, Pereira Pérez VR, Gorts Ortega J, Yessenbekova A, Ablaikhanova N, Escames G, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Rusanova I. Insights into the Role of Plasmatic and Exosomal microRNAs in Oxidative Stress-Related Metabolic Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1290. [PMID: 37372020 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A common denominator of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes Mellitus, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis, are elevated oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. These complex, multi-factorial diseases are caused by the detrimental interaction between the individual genetic background and multiple environmental stimuli. The cells, including the endothelial ones, acquire a preactivated phenotype and metabolic memory, exhibiting increased oxidative stress, inflammatory gene expression, endothelial vascular activation, and prothrombotic events, leading to vascular complications. There are different pathways involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, and increased knowledge suggests a role of the activation of the NF-kB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome as key mediators of metabolic inflammation. Epigenetic-wide associated studies provide new insight into the role of microRNAs in the phenomenon of metabolic memory and the development consequences of vessel damage. In this review, we will focus on the microRNAs related to the control of anti-oxidative enzymes, as well as microRNAs related to the control of mitochondrial functions and inflammation. The objective is the search for new therapeutic targets to improve the functioning of mitochondria and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, despite the acquired metabolic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayauly Duisenbek
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Gabriela C Lopez-Armas
- Departamento de Investigación y Extensión, Centro de Enseñanza Técnica Industrial, C. Nueva Escocia 1885, Guadalajara 44638, Mexico
| | - Miguel Pérez
- Hospital de Alta Resolución de Alcalá la Real, 23680 Jaén, Spain
| | - María D Avilés Pérez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Roger Pereira Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Gorts Ortega
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Arailym Yessenbekova
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Nurzhanyat Ablaikhanova
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Germaine Escames
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital Clínico, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital Clínico, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Iryna Rusanova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital Clínico, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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17
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Al Doghmi A, Barta BP, Egyed-Kolumbán A, Onhausz B, Kiss S, Balázs J, Szalai Z, Bagyánszki M, Bódi N. Gut Region-Specific Interleukin 1β Induction in Different Myenteric Neuronal Subpopulations of Type 1 Diabetic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065804. [PMID: 36982878 PMCID: PMC10064852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 1β (IL1β) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that may play a crucial role in enteric neuroinflammation in type 1 diabetes. Therefore, our goal is to evaluate the effects of chronic hyperglycemia and insulin treatment on IL1β immunoreactivity in myenteric neurons and their different subpopulations along the duodenum-ileum-colon axis. Fluorescent immunohistochemistry was used to count IL1β expressing neurons as well as the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)- and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-immunoreactive myenteric neurons within this group. Tissue IL1β level was measured by ELISA in muscle/myenteric plexus-containing homogenates. IL1β mRNA was detected by RNAscope in different intestinal layers. The proportion of IL1β-immunoreactive myenteric neurons was significantly higher in the colon than in the small intestine of controls. In diabetics, this proportion significantly increased in all gut segments, which was prevented by insulin treatment. The proportion of IL1β-nNOS-immunoreactive neurons only increased in the diabetic colon, while the proportion of IL1β-CGRP-immunoreactive neurons only increased in the diabetic ileum. Elevated IL1β levels were also confirmed in tissue homogenates. IL1β mRNA induction was detected in the myenteric ganglia, smooth muscle and intestinal mucosa of diabetics. These findings support that diabetes-related IL1β induction is specific for the different myenteric neuronal subpopulations, which may contribute to diabetic motility disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Al Doghmi
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bence Pál Barta
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Abigél Egyed-Kolumbán
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Benita Onhausz
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Kiss
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Balázs
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zita Szalai
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mária Bagyánszki
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Bódi
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
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18
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Emerging Therapy for Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: From Molecular Mechanism to Clinical Practice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030662. [PMID: 36979641 PMCID: PMC10045486 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by abnormal myocardial structure or performance in the absence of coronary artery disease or significant valvular heart disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. The spectrum of diabetic cardiomyopathy ranges from subtle myocardial changes to myocardial fibrosis and diastolic function and finally to symptomatic heart failure. Except for sodium–glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors and possibly bariatric and metabolic surgery, there is currently no specific treatment for this distinct disease entity in patients with diabetes. The molecular mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy includes impaired nutrient-sensing signaling, dysregulated autophagy, impaired mitochondrial energetics, altered fuel utilization, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, advanced glycation end-products, inflammation, impaired calcium homeostasis, abnormal endothelial function and nitric oxide production, aberrant epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, the activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and sympathetic hyperactivity, and extracellular matrix accumulation and fibrosis. Here, we summarize several important emerging treatments for diabetic cardiomyopathy targeting specific molecular mechanisms, with evidence from preclinical studies and clinical trials.
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MicroRNA-375 repression of Kruppel-like factor 5 improves angiogenesis in diabetic critical limb ischemia. Angiogenesis 2023; 26:107-127. [PMID: 36074222 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-022-09856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an occlusive disease of limb arteries. Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is an advanced form of PAD that is prognostically worse in subjects with diabetes and can result in limb loss, gangrene, and death, although the underlying signaling mechanisms that contribute to its development remain poorly understood. By comparing plasma samples from diabetic humans with PAD and mouse models of PAD, we identified miR-375 to be significantly downregulated in humans and mice during progression to CLI. Overexpression of miR-375 was pro-angiogenic in endothelial cells in vitro and induced endothelial migration, proliferation, sprouting, and vascular network formation, whereas miR-375 inhibition conferred anti-angiogenic effects. Intramuscular delivery of miR-375 improved blood flow recovery to diabetic mouse hindlimbs following femoral artery ligation (FAL) and improved neovessel growth and arteriogenesis in muscle tissues. Using RNA-sequencing and prediction algorithms, Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) was identified as a direct target of miR-375 and siRNA knockdown of KLF5 phenocopied the effects of miR-375 overexpression in vitro and in vivo through regulatory changes in NF-kB signaling. Together, a miR-375-KLF5-NF-kB signaling axis figures prominently as a potential therapeutic pathway in the development CLI in diabetes.
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Millar J, Nasser E, Ailawadi G, Salmon M. IL-1 in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 5:22-31. [PMID: 37476160 PMCID: PMC10357974 DOI: 10.33696/immunology.5.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) remain a clinically devastating disease with no effective medical treatment therapy. AAAs are characterized by immune cell infiltration, smooth muscle cell apoptosis, and extracellular matrix degradation. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to play role in AAA associated inflammation through immune cell recruitment and activation, endothelial dysfunction, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and regulation of transcription factors of additional inflammatory mediators. In this review, we will discuss the principles of IL-1 signaling, its role in AAA specific inflammation, and regulators of IL-1 signaling. Additionally, we will discuss the influence of genetic and pharmacological inhibitors of IL-1 on experimental AAAs. Evidence suggests that IL-1 may prove to be a potential therapeutic target in the management of AAA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Millar
- Department of Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Elias Nasser
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gorav Ailawadi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Morgan Salmon
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Stevens SA, Gonzalez Aguiar MK, Toro AL, Yerlikaya EI, Sunilkumar S, VanCleave AM, Pfleger J, Bradley EA, Kimball SR, Dennis MD. PERK/ATF4-dependent expression of the stress response protein REDD1 promotes proinflammatory cytokine expression in the heart of obese mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 324:E62-E72. [PMID: 36383638 PMCID: PMC9870577 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00238.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation are hallmarks of myocardial impairment. Here, we investigated the role of the stress response protein regulated in development and DNA damage 1 (REDD1) as a molecular link between ER stress and inflammation in cardiomyocytes. In mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS, 42% kcal fat, 34% sucrose by weight) diet for 12 wk, REDD1 expression in the heart was increased in coordination with markers of ER stress and inflammation. In human AC16 cardiomyocytes exposed to either hyperglycemic conditions or the saturated fatty acid palmitate, REDD1 expression was increased coincident with ER stress and upregulated expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα. In cardiomyocytes exposed to hyperglycemic/hyperlipidemic conditions, pharmacological inhibition of the ER kinase protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) or knockdown of the transcription factor ATF4 prevented the increase in REDD1 expression. REDD1 deletion reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression in both cardiomyocytes exposed to hyperglycemic/hyperlipidemic conditions and in the hearts of obese mice. Overall, the findings support a model wherein HFHS diet contributes to the development of inflammation in cardiomyocytes by promoting REDD1 expression via activation of a PERK/ATF4 signaling axis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Interplay between endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation contributes to cardiovascular disease progression. The studies here identify the stress response protein known as REDD1 as a missing molecular link that connects the development of endoplasmic reticulum stress with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines in the hearts of obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaunaci A Stevens
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Maria K Gonzalez Aguiar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Allyson L Toro
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Esma I Yerlikaya
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Siddharth Sunilkumar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashley M VanCleave
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessica Pfleger
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Elisa A Bradley
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Penn State Health Heart and Vascular Institute, Hershey S. Milton Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Scot R Kimball
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael D Dennis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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22
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Chook CYB, Cheung YM, Ma KY, Leung FP, Zhu H, Niu QJ, Wong WT, Chen ZY. Physiological concentration of protocatechuic acid directly protects vascular endothelial function against inflammation in diabetes through Akt/eNOS pathway. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1060226. [PMID: 37025617 PMCID: PMC10070727 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1060226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been the major cause of mortality in type 2 diabetes. However, new approaches are still warranted since current diabetic medications, which focus mainly on glycemic control, do not effectively lower cardiovascular mortality rate in diabetic patients. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a phenolic acid widely distributed in garlic, onion, cauliflower and other plant-based foods. Given the anti-oxidative effects of PCA in vitro, we hypothesized that PCA would also have direct beneficial effects on endothelial function in addition to the systemic effects on vascular health demonstrated by previous studies. Methods and results Since IL-1β is the major pathological contributor to endothelial dysfunction in diabetes, the anti-inflammatory effects of PCA specific on endothelial cells were further verified by the use of IL-1β-induced inflammation model. Direct incubation of db/db mouse aortas with physiological concentration of PCA significantly ameliorated endothelium-dependent relaxation impairment, as well as reactive oxygen species overproduction mediated by diabetes. In addition to the well-studied anti-oxidative activity, PCA demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the pro-inflammatory cytokines MCP1, VCAM1 and ICAM1, as well as increasing the phosphorylation of eNOS and Akt in the inflammatory endothelial cell model induced by the key player in diabetic endothelial dysfunction IL-1β. Upon blocking of Akt phosphorylation, p-eNOS/eNOS remained low and the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines by PCA ceased. Conclusion PCA exerts protection on vascular endothelial function against inflammation through Akt/eNOS pathway, suggesting daily acquisition of PCA may be encouraged for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chui Yiu Bamboo Chook
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiu Ming Cheung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Ying Ma
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fung Ping Leung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hanyue Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingshan Jason Niu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wing Tak Wong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Wing Tak Wong,
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Zhen-Yu Chen,
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23
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Xu F, Zhang M, Wu H, Wang Y, Yang Y, Wang X. Study on the mechanism of lupenone for treating type 2 diabetes by integrating pharmacological evaluation and network pharmacology. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:997-1010. [PMID: 35635284 PMCID: PMC9154797 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2067568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lupenone (LUP) is the active ingredient of Musa basjoo Sieb. et Zucc. (Musaceae) with antidiabetes effects, but an unclear underlying mechanism of action. OBJECTIVE Animal experiments combined with network pharmacology were used to explore the mechanism of LUP for treating diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Insulin resistance (IR) in male Sprague-Dawley rats with type 2 diabetic was induced using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. The selected rats were divided into normal group, model group, positive group and LUP (2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mg/kg) groups, and orally administrated twice daily with Tween 80, rosiglitazone or LUP. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), oxidative stress index, blood lipids and IR-related targets were detected. A network pharmacology analysis was performed. RESULTS Compared to the model group, LUP (8.0 mg/kg) significantly decreased the levels of FBG (22.3%), LEP (9.5%), HbA1c (14.9%) and MDA (12.3%), increased the ADPN (24.2%) levels and GSH-PX activity (12.4%) (p < 0.05), improved oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorders and pancreas pathological changes, increased the mRNA and protein expression of InsR (3.7-fold and 1.3-fold), IRS-1 (3-fold and 2-fold), IRS-2 (2-fold and 1.6-fold), GLUT-4 (2-fold and 2.4-fold) in skeletal muscle and IRS-1 (6-fold and 1.6-fold), IRS-2 (5.8-fold and 1.5-fold), GLUT-4 (2.5-fold and 1.7-fold) and PPAR-γ (7-fold and 1.4-fold) in adipose tissue (p < 0.05). Network pharmacology analysis revealed that LUP improves IR by multiple targets and signal pathways. CONCLUSIONS The mechanism of LUP for treating diabetes is related to improving IR. LUP has the potential to be developed as a new drug for treating type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Mei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Yuanmin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Ye Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Xiangpei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, PR China
- CONTACT Xiangpei Wang College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Minzu University, Huaxi District, Guizhou Province, Guiyang550025, PR China
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24
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Rai V, Singh H, Agrawal DK. Targeting the Crosstalk of Immune Response and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Phenotype Switch for Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12012. [PMID: 36233314 PMCID: PMC9570261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plaque formation, thrombosis, and embolism are the underlying causes of acute cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke while early thrombosis and stenosis are common pathologies for the maturation failure of arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Chronic inflammation is a common underlying pathogenesis mediated by innate and adaptive immune response involving infiltration of immune cells and secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Impaired immune cell infiltration and change in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype play a crucial role in the underlying pathophysiology. However, the change in the phenotype of VSMCs in a microenvironment of immune cell infiltration and increased secretion of cytokines have not been investigated. Since change in VSMC phenotype regulates vessel remodeling after intimal injury, in this study, we investigated the effect of macrophages and pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, on the change in VSMC phenotype under in vitro conditions. We also investigated the expression of the markers of VSMC phenotypes in arteries with atherosclerotic plaques and VSMCs isolated from control arteries. We found that the inhibition of cytokine downstream signaling may mitigate the effect of cytokines on the change in VSMCs phenotype. The results of this study support that regulating or targeting immune cell infiltration and function might be a therapeutic strategy to mitigate the effects of chronic inflammation to attenuate plaque formation, early thrombosis, and stenosis, and thus enhance AVF maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Harbinder Singh
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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25
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Li H, Meng Y, He S, Tan X, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang L, Zheng W. Macrophages, Chronic Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193001. [PMID: 36230963 PMCID: PMC9562180 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has reached alarming levels, which is considered a major risk factor for several metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), non-alcoholic fatty liver, atherosclerosis, and ischemic cardiovascular disease. Obesity-induced chronic, low-grade inflammation may lead to insulin resistance, and it is well-recognized that macrophages play a major role in such inflammation. In the current review, the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophages, low-grade tissue inflammation, insulin resistance, and T2D are described. Also, the role of macrophages in obesity-induced insulin resistance is presented, and therapeutic drugs and recent advances targeting macrophages for the treatment of T2D are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Beijing City Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ya Meng
- Beijing City Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shuwang He
- Shandong DYNE Marine Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Rongcheng 264300, China
| | - Xiaochuan Tan
- Beijing City Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yujia Zhang
- Beijing City Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Beijing City Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-010-63165233 (W.Z.)
| | - Wensheng Zheng
- Beijing City Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-010-63165233 (W.Z.)
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26
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Cincotta AH, Cersosimo E, Alatrach M, Ezrokhi M, Agyin C, Adams J, Chilton R, Triplitt C, Chamarthi B, Cominos N, DeFronzo RA. Bromocriptine-QR Therapy Reduces Sympathetic Tone and Ameliorates a Pro-Oxidative/Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Plasma of Type 2 Diabetes Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168851. [PMID: 36012132 PMCID: PMC9407769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromocriptine-QR is a sympatholytic dopamine D2 agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes that has demonstrated rapid (within 1 year) substantial reductions in adverse cardiovascular events in this population by as yet incompletely delineated mechanisms. However, a chronic state of elevated sympathetic nervous system activity and central hypodopaminergic function has been demonstrated to potentiate an immune system pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory condition and this immune phenotype is known to contribute significantly to the advancement of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, the possibility exists that bromocriptine-QR therapy may reduce adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes subjects via attenuation of this underlying chronic pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory state. The present study was undertaken to assess the impact of bromocriptine-QR on a wide range of immune pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory biochemical pathways and genes known to be operative in the genesis and progression of CVD. Inflammatory peripheral blood mononuclear cell biology is both a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease and also a marker of the body’s systemic pro-inflammatory status. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of 4-month circadian-timed (within 2 h of waking in the morning) bromocriptine-QR therapy (3.2 mg/day) in type 2 diabetes subjects whose glycemia was not optimally controlled on the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist on (i) gene expression status (via qPCR) of a wide array of mononuclear cell pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory genes known to participate in the genesis and progression of CVD (OXR1, NRF2, NQO1, SOD1, SOD2, CAT, GSR, GPX1, GPX4, GCH1, HMOX1, BiP, EIF2α, ATF4, PERK, XBP1, ATF6, CHOP, GSK3β, NFkB, TXNIP, PIN1, BECN1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR10, MAPK8, NLRP3, CCR2, GCR, L-selectin, VCAM1, ICAM1) and (ii) humoral measures of sympathetic tone (norepinephrine and normetanephrine), whole-body oxidative stress (nitrotyrosine, TBARS), and pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, MCP-1, prolactin, C-reactive protein [CRP]). Relative to pre-treatment status, 4 months of bromocriptine-QR therapy resulted in significant reductions of mRNA levels in PBMC endoplasmic reticulum stress-unfolded protein response effectors [GRP78/BiP (34%), EIF2α (32%), ATF4 (29%), XBP1 (25%), PIN1 (14%), BECN1 (23%)], oxidative stress response proteins [OXR1 (31%), NRF2 (32%), NQO1 (39%), SOD1 (52%), CAT (26%), GPX1 (33%), GPX4 (31%), GCH1 (30%), HMOX1 (40%)], mRNA levels of TLR pro-inflammatory pathway proteins [TLR2 (46%), TLR4 (20%), GSK3β (19%), NFkB (33%), TXNIP (18%), NLRP3 (32%), CCR2 (24%), GCR (28%)], mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cellular receptor proteins CCR2 and GCR by 24% and 28%, and adhesion molecule proteins L-selectin (35%) and VCAM1 (24%). Relative to baseline, bromocriptine-QR therapy also significantly reduced plasma levels of norepinephrine and normetanephrine by 33% and 22%, respectively, plasma pro-oxidative markers nitrotyrosine and TBARS by 13% and 10%, respectively, and pro-inflammatory factors IL-18, MCP1, IL-1β, prolactin, and CRP by 21%,13%, 12%, 42%, and 45%, respectively. These findings suggest a unique role for circadian-timed bromocriptine-QR sympatholytic dopamine agonist therapy in reducing systemic low-grade sterile inflammation to thereby reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony H. Cincotta
- VeroScience LLC, Tiverton, RI 02878, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-401-816-0525
| | - Eugenio Cersosimo
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Mariam Alatrach
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | | | - Christina Agyin
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - John Adams
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Robert Chilton
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Curtis Triplitt
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | | | | | - Ralph A. DeFronzo
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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27
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Zhou J, Wang X, Liu K, Chen K. Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. Endocr J 2022; 69:839-846. [PMID: 35185091 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej21-0591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence about the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is inconsistent and contradictory. This study attempted to investigate this association in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population and analyze the joint effects of Hp infection and some risk factors on T2DM. Following a cross-sectional design, participants were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University in Hefei City, China. Hp status was measured using a 14C urea breath test. A total of 1,288 participants, including 90 diabetic patients and 1,198 nondiabetic subjects, were recruited in the current study. The participants with T2DM had a greater prevalence of Hp infection than participants without T2DM (26.67% versus 18.11%, p = 0.045). Furthermore, we found that Hp infection was closely associated with an incremental risk of T2DM [odds ratio (OR) = 1.77, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.04-3.00] after adjustment for potential confounders. In addition, we observed that the participants who were Hp-positive and ≥60 years old (OR = 9.16, 95% CI: 3.29-25.52), Hp-positive and obese (OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 1.57-7.14) or Hp-positive and hypertensive (OR = 6.10, 95% CI: 3.10-12.01) had a significantly higher risk for T2DM than those who were Hp-negative and ≤50 years old, Hp-negative and nonobese or Hp-negative and nonhypertensive. These findings imply that Hp infection is associated with an increased risk of T2DM in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. The association could be further elevated by the combination of Hp infection and some traditional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Kaiyong Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Keyang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
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28
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Gao P, Zhang S, Zhang X, Xu C, Chen L, Fan L, Ren J, Lin Q, Xiang B, Ren T. S1PR1 regulates NDV-induced IL-1β expression via NLRP3/caspase-1 inflammasome. Vet Res 2022; 53:58. [PMID: 35854395 PMCID: PMC9294853 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01078-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is an acute, febrile, and highly contagious disease caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an important pathogen harmful to domestic poultry. Virulent NDV strain infection induces IL-1β expression and along with strong inflammatory response, ultimately results in death. Inhibition or overexpression of S1PR1, an important target for inflammatory disease treatment, regulates IL-1β expression, suggesting that S1PR1 may alter the degree of the inflammatory response induced by NDV infection by regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. However, the molecular mechanism by which S1PR1 regulates IL-1β expression remains unclear. Here, we explore the expression and tissue distribution of S1PR1 after NDV infection and found that S1PR1 expression increased in the lungs, bursa of Fabricius, and DF-1. IL-1β expression induced by NDV was increased following treatment of cells with the S1PR1-specific agonist, SEW2871. In contrast, IL-1β expression induced by NDV was decreased after cells were treated with the S1PR1 inhibitor W146, suggesting that S1PR1 promotes NDV-induced IL-1β expression. Further investigation demonstrated that NDV induced IL-1β expression through p38, JNK/MAPK, and NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling molecules and S1PR1 affected the expression of IL-1β by activating the NLRP3/caspase-1 inflammasome but had no significant effect on p38 and JNK/MAPK. Our study shows that NDV infection promotes S1PR1 expression and induces IL-1β expression through p38, JNK/MAPK, and NLRP3/caspase-1 inflammasomes and that S1PR1 regulates IL-1β expression mainly through the NLRP3/caspase-1 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China.,Postdoctoral Research Base, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiyuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chenggang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlian Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyan Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
| | - Tao Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China. .,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
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29
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da Purificação NRC, Garcia VB, Frez FCV, Sehaber CC, Lima KRDA, de Oliveira Lima MF, de Carvalho Vasconcelos R, de Araujo AA, de Araújo Júnior RF, Lacchini S, de Oliveira F, Perles JVCM, Zanoni JN, de Sousa Lopes MLD, Clebis NK. Combined use of systemic quercetin, glutamine and alpha-tocopherol attenuates myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113131. [PMID: 35643067 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effects of the quercetin (100 mg/kg), 1% glutamine and 1% α-tocopherol antioxidants in the myocardium of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Twenty male rats were subdivided into four groups (n = 5): N (normoglycemic); D (diabetic); NT (normoglycemic treated with antioxidants); and DT (diabetic treated with antioxidants) treated for 60 days. Clinical parameters, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, myocardial collagen fibers and immunoexpression of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1), glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1), interleukin-1β (IL-1-β), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) were evaluated. Results showed reduced body weight, hyperphagia, polydipsia and hyperglycemic state in groups D and DT. The levels of glutathione (GSH) were higher in NT and DT compared to N (p < 0.01) and D (p < 0.001) groups, respectively. Greater GSH levels were found in DT when compared to N animals (p < 0.001). In DT, there was an increase in IL-10 in relation to N, D and NT (p < 0.05), while GPx-1 expression was similar to N and lower compared to D (p < 0.001). TGF-β expression in DT was greater than N (p < 0.001) group, whereas FGF-2 in DT was higher than in the other groups (p < 0.001). A significant reduction in collagen fibers (type I) was found in DT compared to D (p < 0.05). The associated administration of quercetin, glutamine and α-tocopherol increased the levels of circulating interleukin-10 (IL-10) and GSH, and reduced the number of type I collagen fibers. Combined use of systemic quercetin, glutamine and alpha-tocopherol attenuates myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kaio Ramon De Aguiar Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Functional & Structural Biology, Departament of Morphology, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aurigena Antunes de Araujo
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Biophysical, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Functional & Structural Biology, Departament of Morphology, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Silvia Lacchini
- Postgraduate Program in Morphology Science, Departamento of Anatomy, São Paulo University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávia de Oliveira
- Departament of Biocience, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Naianne Kelly Clebis
- Postgraduate Program in Functional & Structural Biology, Departament of Morphology, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Nellaiappan K, Preeti K, Khatri DK, Singh SB. Diabetic Complications: An Update on Pathobiology and Therapeutic Strategies. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e030821192146. [PMID: 33745424 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210309104203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advent of novel therapies which manage and control diabetes well, the increased risk of morbidity and mortality in diabetic subjects is associated with the devastating secondary complications it produces. Long-standing diabetes majorly drives cellular and molecular alterations, which eventually damage both small and large blood vessels. The complications are prevalent both in type I and type II diabetic subjects. The microvascular complications include diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, while the macrovascular complications include diabetic heart disease and stroke. The current therapeutic strategy alleviates the complications to some extent but does not cure or prevent them. Also, the recent clinical trial outcomes in this field are disappointing. Success in the drug discovery of diabetic complications may be achieved by a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and by recognising the crucial factors contributing to the development and progression of the disease. In this review, we discuss the well-studied cellular mechanisms leading to the development and progression of diabetic complications. In addition, we also highlight the various therapeutic paradigms currently in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthika Nellaiappan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037,India
| | - Kumari Preeti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037,India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037,India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037,India
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Relationship between Indices of Vascular Function and Presence of Overt Cardiovascular Disease among Persons with Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:jcdd8120185. [PMID: 34940540 PMCID: PMC8704649 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8120185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the factors associated with impaired vascular function in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (DM2) with and without overt cardiovascular disease (CVD). Ninety-five patients with DM2 and poor glycemic control were recruited and divided into two groups: Group 1, with known CVD (n = 38), and Group 2, without CVD (n = 57). Patients in Group 2 were further subdivided into those with short (<5 years, group 2b) and long (>5 years, group 2a) diabetes duration. Subclinical markers of atherosclerosis were assessed. Glycemic control was similar in the two groups (HbA1c: 9.2% (1.5) vs. 9.4% (1.8), p = 0.44). In Group 1, lower FMD (3.13 (2.16)% vs. 4.7 (3.4)%, p < 0.05) and higher cIMT (1.09 (0.3) mm vs. 0.96 (0.2) mm, p < 0.05) was seen compared with Group 2, whereas PWV was similar (12.1 (3.4) vs. 11.3 (3.0) m/s, p = 0.10). Patients in Group 2b had significantly lower PWV and cIMT and higher FMD compared to Group 1 (p < 0.05). Among patients with poorly controlled T2D, more pronounced vascular dysfunction was present in those with overt macrovascular disease. In patients with T2D without known CVD, vascular dysfunction was associated with disease duration. The use of vascular indices for cardiovascular risk stratification in patients with T2D requires further study.
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Hypoglycemia, Vascular Disease and Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetes: Insights from Text Mining-Based Reconstruction and Bioinformatics Analysis of the Gene Networks. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212419. [PMID: 34830301 PMCID: PMC8620086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoglycemia has been recognized as a risk factor for diabetic vascular complications and cognitive decline, but the molecular mechanisms of the effect of hypoglycemia on target organs are not fully understood. In this work, gene networks of hypoglycemia and cardiovascular disease, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, cognitive decline, and Alzheimer's disease were reconstructed using ANDSystem, a text-mining-based tool. The gene network of hypoglycemia included 141 genes and 2467 interactions. Enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) biological processes showed that the regulation of insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, apoptosis, nitric oxide biosynthesis, and cell signaling are significantly enriched for hypoglycemia. Among the network hubs, INS, IL6, LEP, TNF, IL1B, EGFR, and FOS had the highest betweenness centrality, while GPR142, MBOAT4, SLC5A4, IGFBP6, PPY, G6PC1, SLC2A2, GYS2, GCGR, and AQP7 demonstrated the highest cross-talk specificity. Hypoglycemia-related genes were overrepresented in the gene networks of diabetic complications and comorbidity; moreover, 14 genes were mutual for all studied disorders. Eleven GO biological processes (glucose homeostasis, nitric oxide biosynthesis, smooth muscle cell proliferation, ERK1 and ERK2 cascade, etc.) were overrepresented in all reconstructed networks. The obtained results expand our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the deteriorating effects of hypoglycemia in diabetes-associated vascular disease and cognitive dysfunction.
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Rezuș E, Macovei LA, Burlui AM, Cardoneanu A, Rezuș C. Ischemic Heart Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis-Two Conditions, the Same Background. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101042. [PMID: 34685413 PMCID: PMC8537055 DOI: 10.3390/life11101042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most frequent inflammatory rheumatic diseases, having a considerably increased prevalence of mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). RA patients have an augmented risk for ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease. Increased cardiovascular (CV) risk is related to disease activity and chronic inflammation. Traditional risk factors and RA-related characteristics participate in vascular involvement, inducing subclinical changes in coronary microcirculation. RA is considered an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Endothelial dysfunction is a precocious marker of atherosclerosis (ATS). Pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNFα, IL-1, and IL-6) play an important role in synovial inflammation and ATS progression. Therefore, targeting inflammation is essential to controlling RA and preventing CVD. Present guidelines emphasize the importance of disease control, but studies show that RA- treatment has a different influence on CV risk. Based on the excessive risk for CV events in RA, permanent evaluation of CVD in these patients is critical. CVD risk calculators, designed for the general population, do not use RA-related predictive determinants; also, new scores that take into account RA-derived factors have restricted validity, with none of them encompassing imaging modalities or specific biomarkers involved in RA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rezuș
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (E.R.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Luana Andreea Macovei
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (E.R.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandra Maria Burlui
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (E.R.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Anca Cardoneanu
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (E.R.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Ciprian Rezuș
- Department of Internal Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania;
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Goswami SK, Ranjan P, Dutta RK, Verma SK. Management of inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105912. [PMID: 34562603 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide. Recently, the role of inflammation in the progression of diseases has significantly attracted considerable attention. In addition, various comorbidities, including diabetes, obesity, etc. exacerbate inflammation in the cardiovascular system, which ultimately leads to heart failure. Furthermore, cytokines released from specialized immune cells are key mediators of cardiac inflammation. Here, in this review article, we focused on the role of selected immune cells and cytokines (both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory) in the regulation of cardiac inflammation and ultimately in cardiovascular diseases. While IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and IFNγ are associated with cardiac inflammation; IL-10, TGFβ, etc. are associated with resolution of inflammation and cardiac repair. IL-10 reduces cardiovascular inflammation and protects the cardiovascular system via interaction with SMAD2, p53, HuR, miR-375 and miR-21 pathway. In addition, we also highlighted recent advancements in the management of cardiac inflammation, including clinical trials of anti-inflammatory molecules to alleviate cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Kumar Goswami
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Prabhat Ranjan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Roshan Kumar Dutta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Suresh Kumar Verma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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Martí-Carvajal AJ, De Sanctis JB, Dayer M, Martí-Amarista CE, Alegría E, Monge Martín D, Abd El Aziz M, Correa-Pérez A, Nicola S, Parise Vasco JM. Interleukin-receptor antagonist and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors for the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Hippokratia 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd014741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo J Martí-Carvajal
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo (Centro Cochrane Ecuador); Universidad UTE; Quito Ecuador
- Facultad de Medicina (Centro Cochrane Madrid); Universidad Francisco de Vitoria; Madrid Spain
- Cátedra Rectoral de Medicina Basada en la Evidencia; Universidad de Carabobo; Valencia Venezuela
| | - Juan Bautista De Sanctis
- The Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine; Palacky University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Mark Dayer
- Department of Cardiology; Somerset NHS Foundation Trust; Taunton UK
| | | | - Eduardo Alegría
- Faculty of Medicine; Universidad Francisco de Vitoria; Madrid Spain
| | | | - Mohamed Abd El Aziz
- Internal medicine; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El PasoPaul L. Foster School of Medicine; El Paso, Texas USA
| | - Andrea Correa-Pérez
- Faculty of Medicine; Universidad Francisco de Vitoria; Madrid Spain
- Clinical Biostatistics Unit; Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS); Madrid Spain
| | - Susana Nicola
- Centro Asociado Cochrane Ecuador, Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC); Universidad UTE; Quito Ecuador
| | - Juan Marcos Parise Vasco
- Centro Asociado Cochrane Ecuador, Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC); Universidad UTE; Quito Ecuador
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Franco-Juárez B, Gómez-Manzo S, Hernández-Ochoa B, Cárdenas-Rodríguez N, Arreguin-Espinosa R, Pérez de la Cruz V, Ortega-Cuellar D. Effects of High Dietary Carbohydrate and Lipid Intake on the Lifespan of C. elegans. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092359. [PMID: 34572007 PMCID: PMC8465757 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Health and lifespan are influenced by dietary nutrients, whose balance is dependent on the supply or demand of each organism. Many studies have shown that an increased carbohydrate–lipid intake plays a critical role in metabolic dysregulation, which impacts longevity. Caenorhabditis elegans has been successfully used as an in vivo model to study the effects of several factors, such as genetic, environmental, diet, and lifestyle factors, on the molecular mechanisms that have been linked to healthspan, lifespan, and the aging process. There is evidence showing the causative effects of high glucose on lifespan in different diabetic models; however, the precise biological mechanisms affected by dietary nutrients, specifically carbohydrates and lipids, as well as their links with lifespan and longevity, remain unknown. Here, we provide an overview of the deleterious effects caused by high-carbohydrate and high-lipid diets, as well as the molecular signals that affect the lifespan of C. elegans; thus, understanding the detailed molecular mechanisms of high-glucose- and lipid-induced changes in whole organisms would allow the targeting of key regulatory factors to ameliorate metabolic disorders and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berenice Franco-Juárez
- Departamento de Neurodesarrollo y Fisiología, División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, UNAM, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Saúl Gómez-Manzo
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico;
| | - Beatriz Hernández-Ochoa
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico;
| | - Noemi Cárdenas-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico;
| | - Roberto Arreguin-Espinosa
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Verónica Pérez de la Cruz
- Neurochemistry and Behavior Laboratory, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Ciudad de México 14269, Mexico;
| | - Daniel Ortega-Cuellar
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-1084-0900
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Abu-Shahba N, Mahmoud M, El-Erian AM, Husseiny MI, Nour-Eldeen G, Helwa I, Amr K, ElHefnawi M, Othman AI, Ibrahim SA, Azmy O. Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on the immunoregulatory characteristics of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 140:106072. [PMID: 34455058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with several complications. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) represent an emerging type of MSCs with high plasticity and immunoregulatory capabilities and are useful for treating inflammation-related disorders such as T2DM. However, the pathogenic microenvironment of T2DM may affect their therapeutic potential. We aimed to examine the impact of the diabetic milieu on the immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory potential of AT-MSCs. METHODS We assessed the proliferation potential, cell surface expression of MSC-characteristic markers and immunomodulatory markers, along with the gene expression and protein secretion of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines in AT-MSCs derived from T2DM patients (dAT-MSCs) vs. those derived from non-diabetic volunteers (ndAT-MSCs). Furthermore, we evaluated the IFN-γ priming effect on both groups. RESULTS Our data revealed comparable proliferative activities in both groups. Flow cytometric analysis results showed a lower expression of CD200 and CD276 on dAT-MSCs vs. ndAT-MSCs. qPCR demonstrated upregulation of IL-1β associated with a downregulation of IL-1RN in dAT-MSCs vs. ndAT-MSCs. IFN-γ priming induced an elevation in CD274 expression associated with IDO1 and ILRN overexpression and IL-1β downregulation in both groups. ELISA analysis uncovered elevated levels of secreted IL-1β, TNF, and visfatin/NAMPT in dAT-MSCs, whereas IL-1RA and IDO levels were reduced. ELISA results were also evident in the secretome of dAT-MSCs upon IFN-γ priming. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the T2DM milieu alters the immunomodulatory characteristics of AT-MSCs with a shift towards a proinflammatory phenotype which may restrain their autologous therapeutic use. Furthermore, our findings indicate that IFN-γ priming could be a useful strategy for enhancing dAT-MSC anti-inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Abu-Shahba
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Mahmoud
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Mohammed El-Erian
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim Husseiny
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs DMRI, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, National Medical Center, Durate, CA, USA; Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ghada Nour-Eldeen
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Molecular Genetics and Enzymology, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman Helwa
- Department of Immunogenetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Resrearch Centre, Egypt
| | - Khalda Amr
- Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud ElHefnawi
- Biomedical Informatics and Chemoinformatics Group, Informatics and Systems Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amel Ibrahim Othman
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Osama Azmy
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Reproductive Health Research, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt; Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
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Vahdat-Lasemi F, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Tasbandi A, Jaafari MR, Sahebkar A. Targeting interleukin-β by plant-derived natural products: Implications for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5596-5622. [PMID: 34390063 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is the main contributing factor to atheroma formation in atherosclerosis. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is an inflammatory mediator found in endothelial cells and resident leukocytes. Canakinumab is a selective monoclonal antibody against IL-1β which attenuates inflammation and concurrently precipitates fatal infections and sepsis. Natural products derived from medicinal plants, herbal remedy and functional foods are widely used nowadays. Experimental and clinical trial evidence supports that some natural products such as curcumin, resveratrol, and quercetin have potential effects on IL-1β suppression. In this review, we tried to document findings that used medicinal plants and plant-based natural products for treating atherosclerosis and its related diseases through the suppression of IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Vahdat-Lasemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Aida Tasbandi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Chook CYB, Chen FM, Tse G, Leung FP, Wong WT. Crocodile blood supplementation protects vascular function in diabetic mice. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2021. [PMCID: PMC8328534 DOI: 10.1186/s43014-021-00066-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality in diabetic patients due to the heightened oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory state in vascular tissues. Effective approaches targeting cardiovascular health for diabetic patients are urgently needed. Crocodile blood, an emerging dietary supplement, was suggested to have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro, which have yet to be proven in animal models. This study thereby aimed to evaluate whether crocodile blood can protect vascular function in diabetic mice against oxidation and inflammation. Diabetic db/db mice and their counterparts db/m+ mice were treated daily with crocodile blood soluble fraction (CBSF) or vehicle via oral gavage for 4 weeks before their aortae were harvested for endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) quantification using wire myograph, which is a well-established functional study for vascular function indication. Organ culture experiments culturing mouse aortae from C57BL/6 J mice with or without IL-1β and CBSF were done to evaluate the direct effect of CBSF on endothelial function. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in mouse aortae were assessed by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining with inflammatory markers in endothelial cells quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). CBSF significantly improved deteriorated EDR in db/db diabetic mice through both diet supplementation and direct culture, with suppression of ROS level in mouse aortae. CBSF also maintained EDR and reduced ROS levels in mouse aortae against the presence of pro-inflammatory IL-1β. Under the pro-inflammatory state induced by IL-1β, gene expressions of inflammatory cytokines were downregulated, while the protective transcripts UCP2 and SIRT6 were upregulated in endothelial cells. Our study suggests a novel beneficial effect of crocodile blood on vascular function in diabetic mice and that supplementation of diet with crocodile blood may act as a complementary approach to protect against vascular diseases through anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation in diabetic patients.
Graphical abstract
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40
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Zheng Y, Wang L, Wang JH, Liu LL, Zhao TJ. Effect of Curcumol on NOD-Like Receptor Thermoprotein Domain 3 Inflammasomes in Liver Fibrosis of Mice. Chin J Integr Med 2021; 28:992-999. [PMID: 34319504 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-3310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of curcumol on NOD-like receptor thermoprotein domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes, and analyze the mechanism underlying curcumol against liver fibrosis. METHODS Thirty Kunming mice were divided into a control group, a model group and a curcumol group according to a random number table, 10 mice in each group. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with 40% carbon tetrachloride (CCl4:peanut oil, 2:3 preparation) at 5 mL/kg for 6 weeks, twice a week, for developing a liver fibrosis model. The mice in the control group were given the same amount of peanut oil twice a week for 6 weeks. The mice in the curcumol group were given curcumol (30 mL/kg) intragastrically, and the mice in the model and control groups were given the same amount of normal saline once a day for 6 weeks. Changes in liver structure were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson staining. Liver function, liver fiber indices, and the expression of interleukin (IL)-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit. Immunoblotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were performed to detect the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related molecules, TGF-β and collagen. RESULTS HE and Masson staining results showed that the hepatocytes of the model group were arranged irregularly with pseudo-lobular structure and a large amount of collagen deposition. The mice in the curcumol group had a significant decrease in liver function and liver fibers indices compared with the model group (P<0.05); RT-qPCR and Western blotting results reveal that, in the curcumol group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of NLRP3, IL-1 β, Caspase 1 and gasdermin D decreased significantly compared with the model group (P<0.05); immunohistochemical results showed that in the curcumol group, the protein expression levels of NLRP3 and IL-1 β decreased significantly compared with the model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION A potential anti-liver fibrosis mechanism of curcumol may be associated with the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasomes and decreasing the downstream inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Lu-Lu Liu
- Department of Teaching, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Tie-Jian Zhao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530021, China.
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41
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Dutka M, Bobiński R, Wojakowski W, Francuz T, Pająk C, Zimmer K. Osteoprotegerin and RANKL-RANK-OPG-TRAIL signalling axis in heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:1395-1411. [PMID: 34313900 PMCID: PMC9197867 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10153-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a glycoprotein involved in the regulation of bone remodelling. OPG regulates osteoclast activity by blocking the interaction between the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) and its ligand (RANKL). More and more studies confirm the relationship between OPG and cardiovascular diseases. Numerous studies have confirmed that a high plasma concentration of OPG and a low concentration of tumour necrosis factor–related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) together with a high OPG/TRAIL ratio are predictors of poor prognosis in patients with myocardial infarction. A high plasma OPG concentration and a high ratio of OPG/TRAIL in the acute myocardial infarction are a prognostic indicator of adverse left ventricular remodelling and of the development of heart failure. Ever more data indicates the participation of OPG in the regulation of the function of vascular endothelial cells and the initiation of the atherosclerotic process in the arteries. Additionally, it has been shown that TRAIL has a protective effect on blood vessels and exerts an anti-atherosclerotic effect. The mechanisms of action of both OPG and TRAIL within the cells of the vascular wall are complex and remain largely unclear. However, these mechanisms of action as well as their interaction in the local vascular environment are of great interest to researchers. This article presents the current state of knowledge on the mechanisms of action of OPG and TRAIL in the circulatory system and their role in cardiovascular diseases. Understanding these mechanisms may allow their use as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieczysław Dutka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, Willowa St. 2, 43-309, Bielsko-Biała, Poland.
| | - Rafał Bobiński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, Willowa St. 2, 43-309, Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wojakowski
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Disease, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Francuz
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Celina Pająk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, Willowa St. 2, 43-309, Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Karolina Zimmer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, Willowa St. 2, 43-309, Bielsko-Biała, Poland
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42
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Durrani IA, Bhatti A, John P. The prognostic outcome of 'type 2 diabetes mellitus and breast cancer' association pivots on hypoxia-hyperglycemia axis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:351. [PMID: 34225729 PMCID: PMC8259382 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and breast cancer are complex, chronic, heterogeneous, and multi-factorial diseases; with common risk factors including but not limited to diet, obesity, and age. They also share mutually inclusive phenotypic features such as the metabolic deregulations resulting from hyperglycemia, hypoxic conditions and hormonal imbalances. Although, the association between diabetes and cancer has long been speculated; however, the exact molecular nature of this link remains to be fully elucidated. Both the diseases are leading causes of death worldwide and a causal relationship between the two if not addressed, may translate into a major global health concern. Previous studies have hypothesized hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hormonal imbalances and chronic inflammation, as some of the possible grounds for explaining how diabetes may lead to cancer initiation, yet further research still needs to be done to validate these proposed mechanisms. At the crux of this dilemma, hyperglycemia and hypoxia are two intimately related states involving an intricate level of crosstalk and hypoxia inducible factor 1, at the center of this, plays a key role in mediating an aggressive disease state, particularly in solid tumors such as breast cancer. Subsequently, elucidating the role of HIF1 in establishing the diabetes-breast cancer link on hypoxia-hyperglycemia axis may not only provide an insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the association but also, illuminate on the prognostic outcome of the therapeutic targeting of HIF1 signaling in diabetic patients with breast cancer or vice versa. Hence, this review highlights the critical role of HIF1 signaling in patients with both T2DM and breast cancer, potentiates its significance as a prognostic marker in comorbid patients, and further discusses the potential prognostic outcome of targeting HIF1, subsequently establishing the pressing need for HIF1 molecular profiling-based patient selection leading to more effective therapeutic strategies emerging from personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhaam Ayaz Durrani
- Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Attya Bhatti
- Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Peter John
- Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
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43
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Kaur N, Guan Y, Raja R, Ruiz-Velasco A, Liu W. Mechanisms and Therapeutic Prospects of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Through the Inflammatory Response. Front Physiol 2021; 12:694864. [PMID: 34234695 PMCID: PMC8257042 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.694864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of heart failure (HF) continues to increase rapidly in patients with diabetes. It is marked by myocardial remodeling, including fibrosis, hypertrophy, and cell death, leading to diastolic dysfunction with or without systolic dysfunction. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a distinct myocardial disease in the absence of coronary artery disease. DCM is partially induced by chronic systemic inflammation, underpinned by a hostile environment due to hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance. The detrimental role of leukocytes, cytokines, and chemokines is evident in the diabetic heart, yet the precise role of inflammation as a cause or consequence of DCM remains incompletely understood. Here, we provide a concise review of the inflammatory signaling mechanisms contributing to the clinical complications of diabetes-associated HF. Overall, the impact of inflammation on the onset and development of DCM suggests the potential benefits of targeting inflammatory cascades to prevent DCM. This review is tailored to outline the known effects of the current anti-diabetic drugs, anti-inflammatory therapies, and natural compounds on inflammation, which mitigate HF progression in diabetic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wei Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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44
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Gavini MP, Mahmood A, Belenchia AM, Beauparlant P, Kumar SA, Ardhanari S, DeMarco VG, Pulakat L. Suppression of Inflammatory Cardiac Cytokine Network in Rats with Untreated Obesity and Pre-Diabetes by AT2 Receptor Agonist NP-6A4. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:693167. [PMID: 34220518 PMCID: PMC8253363 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.693167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity affects over 42% of the United States population and exacerbates heart disease, the leading cause of death in men and women. Obesity also increases pro-inflammatory cytokines that cause chronic tissue damage to vital organs. The standard-of-care does not sufficiently attenuate these inflammatory sequelae. Angiotensin II receptor AT2R is an anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protective molecule; however, AT2R agonists are not used in the clinic to treat heart disease. NP-6A4 is a new AT2R peptide agonist with an FDA orphan drug designation for pediatric cardiomyopathy. NP-6A4 increases AT2R expression (mRNA and protein) and nitric oxide generation in human cardiovascular cells. AT2R-antagonist PD123319 and AT2RSiRNA suppress NP-6A4-effects indicating that NP-6A4 acts through AT2R. To determine whether NP-6A4 would mitigate cardiac damage from chronic inflammation induced by untreated obesity, we investigated the effects of 2-weeks NP-6A4 treatment (1.8 mg/kg delivered subcutaneously) on cardiac pathology of male Zucker obese (ZO) rats that display obesity, pre-diabetes and cardiac dysfunction. NP-6A4 attenuated cardiac diastolic and systolic dysfunction, cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, but increased myocardial capillary density. NP-6A4 treatment suppressed tubulointerstitial injury marker urinary β-NAG, and liver injury marker alkaline phosphatase in serum. These protective effects of NP-6A4 occurred in the presence of obesity, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, and without modulating blood pressure. NP-6A4 increased expression of AT2R (consistent with human cells) and cardioprotective erythropoietin (EPO) and Notch1 in ZO rat heart, but suppressed nineteen inflammatory cytokines. Cardiac miRNA profiling and in silico analysis showed that NP-6A4 activated a unique miRNA network that may regulate expression of AT2R, EPO, Notch1 and inflammatory cytokines, and mitigate cardiac pathology. Seventeen pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines that increase during lethal cytokine storms caused by infections such as COVID-19 were among the cytokines suppressed by NP-6A4 treatment in ZO rat heart. Thus, NP-6A4 activates a novel anti-inflammatory network comprised of 21 proteins in the heart that was not reported previously. Since NP-6A4's unique mode of action suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine network and attenuates myocardial damage, it can be an ideal adjuvant drug with other anti-glycemic, anti-hypertensive, standard-of-care drugs to protect the heart tissues from pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokine attack induced by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abuzar Mahmood
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Anthony M Belenchia
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Paige Beauparlant
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | | | | | - Vincent G DeMarco
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Lakshmi Pulakat
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Tufts Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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45
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Xu M, Zhang K, Song J. Targeted Therapy in Cardiovascular Disease: A Precision Therapy Era. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:623674. [PMID: 33935716 PMCID: PMC8085499 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.623674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy refers to exploiting the specific therapeutic drugs against the pathogenic molecules (a protein or a gene) or cells. The drug specifically binds to disease-causing molecules or cells without affecting normal tissue, thus enabling personalized and precision treatment. Initially, therapeutic drugs included antibodies and small molecules, (e.g. nucleic acid drugs). With the advancement of the biology technology and immunotherapy, the gene editing and cell editing techniques are utilized for the disease treatment. Currently, targeted therapies applied to treat cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mainly include protein drugs, gene editing technologies, nucleic acid drugs and cell therapy. Although targeted therapy has demonstrated excellent efficacy in pre-clinical and clinical trials, several limitations need to be recognized and overcome in clinical application, (e.g. off-target events, gene mutations, etc.). This review introduces the mechanisms of different targeted therapies, and mainly describes the targeted therapy applied in the CVDs. Furthermore, we made comparative analysis to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of different targeted therapies. This overview is expected to provide a new concept to the treatment of the CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengda Xu
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kailun Zhang
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Kailun Zhang, ; Jiangping Song,
| | - Jiangping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Kailun Zhang, ; Jiangping Song,
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46
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Wei S, Ma W, Zhang B, Li W. NLRP3 Inflammasome: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Drug-Induced Toxicity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:634607. [PMID: 33912556 PMCID: PMC8072389 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.634607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced toxicity, which impairs human organ function, is a serious problem during drug development that hinders the clinical use of many marketed drugs, and the underlying mechanisms are complicated. As a sensor of infections and external stimuli, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a key role in the pathological process of various diseases. In this review, we specifically focused on the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in drug-induced diverse organ toxicities, especially the hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and cardiotoxicity. NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in the initiation and deterioration of drug-induced toxicity through multiple signaling pathways. Therapeutic strategies via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome for drug-induced toxicity have made significant progress, especially in the protective effects of the phytochemicals. Growing evidence collected in this review indicates that NLRP3 is a promising therapeutic target for drug-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wanjun Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bikui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenqun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
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47
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Shi L, Sun M, Ren X, Li Z, Yang R, Xu X, Li L, Li G, Liu S, Schmalzing G, Nie H, Li G, Liang S. LncRNA UC.360+ shRNA Improves Diabetic Cardiac Sympathetic Dysfunction Mediated by the P2X4 Receptor in the Stellate Ganglion. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1210-1218. [PMID: 33733741 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy (DCAN) is a complication that affects more than 60% of diabetic patients. There is evidence for the involvement of P2X4 receptor in DCAN. This study showed that the expression of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) UC.360+ was increased in the stellate ganglion (SG) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) rats, and in situ hybridization revealed a clear presence of UC.360+ in SG neurons. The potential roles of UC.360+ in DCAN and its relationship with P2X4 receptor in SG were further explored via application of the short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against lncRNA UC.360+ in DM rats. The abnormal cardiac sympathetic changes in diabetic rats were improved after treatment with lncRNA UC.360+ shRNA. In the SG of these shRNA-treated DM rats, the upregulation of P2X4, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and phosphorylated ERK1/2 was inhibited. Thus, lncRNA UC.360+ shRNA treatment may improve DCAN mediated by the P2X4 receptor in SG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liran Shi
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Physiology Department, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Sun
- Clinic Medicine Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
| | - Xinlu Ren
- Clinic Medicine Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
| | - Zijing Li
- Clinic Medicine Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
| | - Runan Yang
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Physiology Department, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. China
| | - Xiumei Xu
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Physiology Department, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
- Molecular Pharmacology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52062, Germany
| | - Lin Li
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Physiology Department, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. China
| | - Guilin Li
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Physiology Department, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. China
| | - Shuangmei Liu
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Physiology Department, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. China
| | | | - Hong Nie
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Li
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Physiology Department, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. China
| | - Shangdong Liang
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Physiology Department, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. China
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48
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Wang Q, Zhang M, Wang M, Tai Y, Tao J, Zhou W, Han Y, Wei Wei. Triggers of Cardiovascular Diseases in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2021; 47:100853. [PMID: 34016483 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2021.100853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is higher than that in patients without RA, and it is even higher than that in patients with diabetes. Autoimmune-mediated inflammation is observed in patients with RA, resulting in endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and activation, and vascular migration of white blood cells. Traditionally, RA-associated CVD was assumed to be mediated by disease-related inflammation, resulting in atherosclerosis (AS). However, this concept has been challenged because treatment with anti-rheumatic drugs, such as methotrexate or proinflammatory cytokine antagonists, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors, did not reduce the risk of CVD in patients with RA. Current cardiovascular guidelines recommend screening and treatment of CVD risk factors in patients with RA but without clear biomarkers and treatment goals. There is no scientific basis for establishing therapeutic targets for cardiovascular risk factors in RA. Numerous studies have shown that the mechanism of early cardiac dysfunction in patients with RA may occur prior to AS. Therefore, it is crucial to explore the related mechanisms to prevent early cardiac dysfunction in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Manman Wang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Tai
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Weijie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongsheng Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Delgobo M, Heinrichs M, Hapke N, Ashour D, Appel M, Srivastava M, Heckel T, Spyridopoulos I, Hofmann U, Frantz S, Ramos GC. Terminally Differentiated CD4 + T Cells Promote Myocardial Inflammaging. Front Immunol 2021; 12:584538. [PMID: 33679735 PMCID: PMC7935504 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.584538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular and immune systems undergo profound and intertwined alterations with aging. Recent studies have reported that an accumulation of memory and terminally differentiated T cells in elderly subjects can fuel myocardial aging and boost the progression of heart diseases. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether the immunological senescence profile is sufficient to cause age-related cardiac deterioration or merely acts as an amplifier of previous tissue-intrinsic damage. Herein, we sought to decompose the causality in this cardio-immune crosstalk by studying young mice harboring a senescent-like expanded CD4+ T cell compartment. Thus, immunodeficient NSG-DR1 mice expressing HLA-DRB1*01:01 were transplanted with human CD4+ T cells purified from matching donors that rapidly engrafted and expanded in the recipients without causing xenograft reactions. In the donor subjects, the CD4+ T cell compartment was primarily composed of naïve cells defined as CCR7+CD45RO-. However, when transplanted into young lymphocyte-deficient mice, CD4+ T cells underwent homeostatic expansion, upregulated expression of PD-1 receptor and strongly shifted towards effector/memory (CCR7- CD45RO+) and terminally-differentiated phenotypes (CCR7-CD45RO-), as typically seen in elderly. Differentiated CD4+ T cells also infiltrated the myocardium of recipient mice at comparable levels to what is observed during physiological aging. In addition, young mice harboring an expanded CD4+ T cell compartment showed increased numbers of infiltrating monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells in the heart. Bulk mRNA sequencing analyses further confirmed that expanding T-cells promote myocardial inflammaging, marked by a distinct age-related transcriptomic signature. Altogether, these data indicate that exaggerated CD4+ T-cell expansion and differentiation, a hallmark of the aging immune system, is sufficient to promote myocardial alterations compatible with inflammaging in juvenile healthy mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Delgobo
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Margarete Heinrichs
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nils Hapke
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - DiyaaElDin Ashour
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marc Appel
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mugdha Srivastava
- Core Unit Systems Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Heckel
- Core Unit Systems Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ioakim Spyridopoulos
- Freeman Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich Hofmann
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gustavo Campos Ramos
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Gora IM, Ciechanowska A, Ladyzynski P. NLRP3 Inflammasome at the Interface of Inflammation, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Type 2 Diabetes. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020314. [PMID: 33546399 PMCID: PMC7913585 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), accounting for 90–95% cases of diabetes, is characterized by chronic inflammation. The mechanisms that control inflammation activation in T2DM are largely unexplored. Inflammasomes represent significant sensors mediating innate immune responses. The aim of this work is to present a review of links between the NLRP3 inflammasome, endothelial dysfunction, and T2DM. The NLRP3 inflammasome activates caspase-1, which leads to the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β and interleukin 18. In this review, we characterize the structure and functions of NLRP3 inflammasome as well as the most important mechanisms and molecules engaged in its activation. We present evidence of the importance of the endothelial dysfunction as the first key step to activating the inflammasome, which suggests that suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome could be a new approach in depletion hyperglycemic toxicity and in averting the onset of vascular complications in T2DM. We also demonstrate reports showing that the expression of a few microRNAs that are also known to be involved in either NLRP3 inflammasome activation or endothelial dysfunction is deregulated in T2DM. Collectively, this evidence suggests that T2DM is an inflammatory disease stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Finally, studies revealing the role of glucose concentration in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome are analyzed. The more that is known about inflammasomes, the higher the chances to create new, effective therapies for patients suffering from inflammatory diseases. This may offer potential novel therapeutic perspectives in T2DM prevention and treatment.
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