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Chavda VP, Balar PC, Vaghela DA, Dodiya P. Unlocking longevity with GLP-1: A key to turn back the clock? Maturitas 2024; 186:108028. [PMID: 38815535 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.108028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Traditionally known for managing blood sugar, GLP-1, a gut hormone, is emerging as a potential key to both lengthening lifespan and combating age-related ailments. While widely recognized for its role in blood sugar control, GLP-1 is increasingly recognized for its diverse effects on various biological pathways beyond glucose metabolism. Research across organisms and humans suggests that activating GLP-1 receptors significantly impacts cellular processes linked to aging. Its ability to boost mitochondrial function, enhance cellular stress resistance, and quell inflammation hints at its wider influence on aging mechanisms. This intricate interplay between GLP-1 and longevity appears to act through multiple pathways. One key effect is its ability to modulate insulin sensitivity, potentially curbing age-related metabolic issues like type 2 diabetes. Its neuroprotective properties also make it a promising candidate for addressing age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, preclinical studies using GLP-1 analogs or agonists have shown promising results in extending lifespan and improving healthspan in various model organisms. These findings provide a compelling rationale for exploring GLP-1-based interventions in humans to extend healthy aging. However, despite the exciting therapeutic prospects of GLP-1 in promoting longevity, challenges remain. Determining optimal dosages, establishing long-term safety profiles, and investigating potential adverse effects require comprehensive clinical investigations before we can confidently translate these findings to humans. This article emphasises the wide applicability of GLP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380008, Gujarat, India.
| | - Pankti C Balar
- Pharmacy Section, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380008, Gujarat, India
| | - Dixa A Vaghela
- Pharmacy Section, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380008, Gujarat, India
| | - Payal Dodiya
- Pharmacy Section, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380008, Gujarat, India
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2
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Vergès B. Do anti-obesity medical treatments have a direct effect on adipose tissue? ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2024; 85:179-183. [PMID: 38871515 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2024.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
During the past years, several drugs have been developed for the treatment of obesity. Some are already used in clinical practice: orlistat, GLP-1 receptor agonists (RA), GLP-1/GIP biagonists and the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) agonist, setmelanotide. Some should be available in the future: GLP-1/glucagon biagonists, GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triagonists. These drugs act mainly by reducing food intake or fat absorption. However, many of them show specific effects on the adipose tissue. All these drugs show significant reduction of fat mass and, more particularly of visceral fat. If most of the drugs, except orlistat, have been shown to increase energy expenditure in rodents with enhanced thermogenesis, this has not yet been clearly demonstrated in humans. However, biagonists or triagonist stimulating glucagon seem to a have a more potent effect to increase thermogenesis in the adipose tissue and, thus, energy expenditure. Most of these drugs have been shown to increase the production of adiponectin and to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by the adipose tissue. GLP-1RAs reduce the size of adipocytes and promote their differentiation. GLP-1RAS and GLP-1/GIP biagonists reduce, in the adipose tissue, the expression of several genes involved in lipogenesis. Further studies are still needed to clarify the precise roles, on the adipose tissue, of these drugs dedicated for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Vergès
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology, University Hospital, Dijon, France; Inserm, LNR, UMR1231, University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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Giannakogeorgou A, Roden M. Role of lifestyle and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for weight loss in obesity, type 2 diabetes and steatotic liver diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59 Suppl 1:S52-S75. [PMID: 38813830 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current obesity pandemic has given rise to associated comorbidities and complications, including type 2 diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). During the last decade, certain glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), originally developed as antihyperglycemic drugs, also demonstrated efficacy for weight loss. AIMS To review shared pathophysiologic features of common metabolic diseases and compare therapeutic strategies to reduce body weight and related complications. METHODS We performed an extensive literature research to describe the effects of lifestyle modification, first-generation anti-obesity drugs, and GLP-1RA on weight loss in humans with obesity, type 2 diabetes and MASLD. RESULTS Until recently, treatment of obesity has been limited to lifestyle modification, which offer moderate degree and sustainability of weight loss. The few approved first-generation anti-obesity drugs are either limited to short term use or to certain forms of obesity. Some GLP-1RA significantly decrease caloric intake and body weight. Liraglutide and semaglutide have therefore been approved for treating people with obesity. They also lead to a reduction of hepatic fat content and inflammation in people with biopsy-confirmed MASLD. Possible limitations comprise adverse effects, treatment adherence and persistence. CONCLUSION Certain GLP-1RA are superior to lifestyle modification and first-generation anti-obesity drugs in inducing weight loss. They have therefore markedly changed the portfolio of obesity treatment with additional beneficial effects on steatotic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Giannakogeorgou
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
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Sundaram K, Teng Y, Mu J, Xu Q, Xu F, Sriwastva MK, Zhang L, Park JW, Zhang X, Yan J, Zhang SQ, Merchant ML, Chen SY, McClain CJ, Dryden GW, Zhang HG. Outer Membrane Vesicles Released from Garlic Exosome-like Nanoparticles (GaELNs) Train Gut Bacteria that Reverses Type 2 Diabetes via the Gut-Brain Axis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308680. [PMID: 38225709 PMCID: PMC11102339 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota function has numerous effects on humans and the diet humans consume has emerged as a pivotal determinant of gut microbiota function. Here, a new concept that gut microbiota can be trained by diet-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs) to release healthy outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) is introduced. Specifically, OMVs released from garlic ELN (GaELNs) trained human gut Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) can reverse high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in mice. Oral administration of OMVs released from GaELNs trained A. muciniphila can traffick to the brain where they are taken up by microglial cells, resulting in inhibition of high-fat diet-induced brain inflammation. GaELNs treatment increases the levels of OMV Amuc-1100, P9, and phosphatidylcholines. Increasing the levels of Amuc-1100 and P9 leads to increasing the GLP-1 plasma level. Increasing the levels of phosphatidylcholines is required for inhibition of cGas and STING-mediated inflammation and GLP-1R crosstalk with the insulin pathway that leads to increasing expression of Insulin Receptor Substrate (IRS1 and IRS2) on OMV targeted cells. These findings reveal a molecular mechanism whereby OMVs from plant nanoparticle-trained gut bacteria regulate genes expressed in the brain, and have implications for the treatment of brain dysfunction caused by a metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaran Sundaram
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Yun Teng
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Jingyao Mu
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Fangyi Xu
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | | | - Lifeng Zhang
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Juw Won Park
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
- Kentucky IDeA Network of Biomedical Research Excellence Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jun Yan
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Shuang Qin Zhang
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Michael L. Merchant
- Kidney Disease Program and Clinical Proteomics Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Shao-yu Chen
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Craig J McClain
- Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Gerald W Dryden
- Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Huang-Ge Zhang
- Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
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Yang WL, Zhang CY, Ji WY, Zhao LL, Yang FY, Zhang L, Cao X. Berberine Metabolites Stimulate GLP-1 Secretion by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:253-274. [PMID: 38351702 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is a principal component of Rhizoma coptidis known for its therapeutic potential in treating diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Despite the trace levels of BBR in plasma, it's believed that its metabolites play a pivotal role in its biological activities. While BBR is recognized to promote GLP-1 production in intestinal L cells, the cytoprotective effects of its metabolites on these cells are yet to be explored. The present study investigates the effects of BBR metabolites on GLP-1 secretion and the underlying mechanisms. Our results revealed that, out of six BBR metabolites, berberrubine (BBB) and palmatine (PMT) significantly increased the production and glucose-stimulated secretion of GLP-1 in GLUTag cells. Notably, both BBB and PMT could facilitate GLP-1 and insulin secretion and enhance glucose tolerance in standard mice. Moreover, a single dose of PMT could markedly increase plasma GLP-1 and improve glucose tolerance in mice with obesity induced by a high-fat diet. In palmitic acid or TNF[Formula: see text]-treated GLUTag cells, BBB and PMT alleviated cell death, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, they could effectively reverse inflammation-induced inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway. In general, these insights suggest that the beneficial effects of orally administered BBR on GLP-1 secretion are largely attributed to the pharmacological activity of BBB and PMT by their above cytoprotective effects on L cells, which provide important ideas for stimulating GLP-1 secretion and the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Li Yang
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Yang Zhang
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yi Ji
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Li-Li Zhao
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Yuan Yang
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Xi Cao
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
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Murthy MHS, Jasbi P, Lowe W, Kumar L, Olaosebikan M, Roger L, Yang J, Lewinski N, Daniels N, Cowen L, Klein-Seetharaman J. Insulin signaling and pharmacology in humans and in corals. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16804. [PMID: 38313028 PMCID: PMC10838073 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Once thought to be a unique capability of the Langerhans islets in the pancreas of mammals, insulin (INS) signaling is now recognized as an evolutionarily ancient function going back to prokaryotes. INS is ubiquitously present not only in humans but also in unicellular eukaryotes, fungi, worms, and Drosophila. Remote homologue identification also supports the presence of INS and INS receptor in corals where the availability of glucose is largely dependent on the photosynthetic activity of the symbiotic algae. The cnidarian animal host of corals operates together with a 20,000-sized microbiome, in direct analogy to the human gut microbiome. In humans, aberrant INS signaling is the hallmark of metabolic disease, and is thought to play a major role in aging, and age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. We here would like to argue that a broader view of INS beyond its human homeostasis function may help us understand other organisms, and in turn, studying those non-model organisms may enable a novel view of the human INS signaling system. To this end, we here review INS signaling from a new angle, by drawing analogies between humans and corals at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paniz Jasbi
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Whitney Lowe
- Departments of Chemistry & Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Lokender Kumar
- Departments of Chemistry & Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States
| | | | - Liza Roger
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- School of Ocean Futures, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America
| | - Jinkyu Yang
- Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nastassja Lewinski
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Noah Daniels
- Department of Computer Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Lenore Cowen
- Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Judith Klein-Seetharaman
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Departments of Chemistry & Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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Liao M, Li X, Zhang H, Zhou L, Shi L, Li W, Shen R, Peng G, Zhao H, Shao J, Wang X, Sun Z, Zheng H, Long M. Effects and plasma proteomic analysis of GLP-1RA versus CPA/EE, in combination with metformin, on overweight PCOS women: a randomized controlled trial. Endocrine 2024; 83:227-241. [PMID: 37653215 PMCID: PMC10806039 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by reproductive dysfunctions and metabolic disorders. This study aims to compare the therapeutic effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) + Metformin (Met) versus cyproterone acetate/ethinylestradiol (CPA/EE) + Met in overweight PCOS women and identify potential proteomic biomarkers of disease risk in women with PCOS. METHODS In this prospective, open-label randomized controlled trial, we recruited 60 overweight PCOS women into two groups at a 1:1 ratio to receive CPA/EE (2 mg/day: 2 mg cyproterone acetate and 35-μg ethinylestradiol,) +Met (1500 mg/day) or GLP-1 RA (liraglutide, 1.2-1.8 mg/day) +Met (1500 mg/day) for 12 weeks. The clinical effectiveness and adverse effects were evaluated, followed by plasma proteomic analysis and verification of critical biomarkers by ELISA. RESULTS Eighty(80%) patients completed the study. Both interventions improved menstrual cycle, polycystic ovaries, LH(luteinizing hormone) and HbA1c(hemoglobin A1c) levels after the 12-week treatment. GLP-1RA + Met was more effective than CPA/EE + Met in reducing body weight, BMI (Body Mass Index), and waist circumference, FBG(fasting blood glucose), AUCI(area under curve of insulin),TC (Total Cholesterol), IL-6(Interleukin-6) and improving insulin sensitivity, and ovulation in overweight women with PCOS, with acceptable short-term side effects. CPA/EE + Met was more effective in improving hyperandrogenemia, including T(total testosterone), LH, LH/FSH(Luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone), SHBG(sex hormone-binding globulin) and FAI (free androgen index). By contract, GLP-1RA+Met group only improved LH. Plasma proteomic analysis revealed that the interventions altered proteins involved in reactive oxygen species detoxification (PRDX6, GSTO1, GSTP1, GSTM2), platelet degranulation (FN1), and the immune response (SERPINB9). CONCLUSIONS Both CPA/EE+Met and GLP-1RA + Met treatment improved reproductive functions in overweight PCOS women. GLP-1RA + Met was more effective than CPA/EE + Met in reducing body weight, BMI, and waist, and improving metabolism, and ovulation in overweight women with PCOS, with acceptable short-term side effects. CPA/EE + Met was more effective in reducing hyperandrogenemia. The novel plasma biomarkers PRDX6, FN1, and SERPINB9, might be indicators and targets for PCOS treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION CLINICALTIALS. GOV TRIAL NO NCT03151005. Registered 12 May, 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03151005 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Network Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Univeristy of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liu Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Weixin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Rufei Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Guiliang Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Jiaqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Xiujie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Network Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Univeristy of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Hongting Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Translational Research Key Laboratory for Diabetes, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
| | - Min Long
- Department of Endocrinology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Jiang H, Zang L. GLP-1/GLP-1RAs: New Options for the Drug Treatment of NAFLD. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:100-114. [PMID: 38532322 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128283153231226103218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has recently emerged as a global public health concern. Currently, the cornerstone of NAFLD treatment is lifestyle modification and, if necessary, weight loss. However, compliance is a challenge, and this approach alone may not be sufficient to halt and treat the more serious disease development, so medication is urgently needed. Nevertheless, no medicines are approved to treat NAFLD. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an enteropeptide hormone that inhibits glucagon synthesis, promotes insulin secretion, and delays gastric emptying. GLP-1 has been found in recent studies to be beneficial for the management of NAFLD, and the marketed GLP-1 agonist drugs have different degrees of effectiveness for NAFLD while lowering blood glucose. In this article, we review GLP-1 and its physiological roles, the pathogenesis of NAFLD, the correlation between NAFLD and GLP-1 signaling, and potential strategies for GLP-1 treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Jiang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Linquan Zang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Dewi NKSM, Ramona Y, Saraswati MR, Wihandani DM, Wirasuta IMAG. The Potential of the Flavonoid Content of Ipomoea batatas L. as an Alternative Analog GLP-1 for Diabetes Type 2 Treatment-Systematic Review. Metabolites 2023; 14:29. [PMID: 38248832 PMCID: PMC10819535 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ipomoea batatas L. (IBL) has gained significant popularity as a complementary therapy or herbal medicine in the treatment of anti-diabetes. This review seeks to explore the mechanism by which flavonoid compounds derived from IBL exert their anti-diabetic effects through the activation of GLP-1. The review article refers to the PRISMA guidelines. In order to carry out the literature search, electronic databases such as Science Direct, Crossref, Scopus, and Pubmed were utilized. The search query was based on specific keywords, including Ipomoea batatas OR sweet potato AND anti-diabetic OR hypoglycemic. After searching the databases, we found 1055 articles, but only 32 met the criteria for further review. IBL contains various compounds, including phenolic acid, flavonols, flavanols, flavones, and anthocyanins, which exhibit activity against anti-diabetes. Flavonols, flavanols, and flavones belong to a group of flavonoids that possess the ability to form complexes with AlCl3 and Ca2+. The intracellular L cells effectively retain Ca2+, leading to the subsequent release of GLP-1. Flavonols, flavones, and flavone groups have been found to strongly interact with DPP-IV, which inhibits the degradation of GLP-1. The anti-diabetic activity of IBL is attributed to the mechanism that effectively increases the duration of GLP-1 in the systemic system, thereby prolonging its half-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Kadek Santi Maha Dewi
- Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar 80232, Indonesia;
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Denpasar 80361, Indonesia
| | - Yan Ramona
- Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Denpasar 80361, Indonesia;
| | - Made Ratna Saraswati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar 80232, Indonesia;
| | - Desak Made Wihandani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar 80232, Indonesia;
| | - I Made Agus Gelgel Wirasuta
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Denpasar 80361, Indonesia
- Forensic Sciences Laboratory, Institute of Forensic Sciences and Criminology, Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Denpasar 80361, Indonesia
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10
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Liu C, Xu H, Yuan F, Chen H, Sheng L, Chen W, Xie H, Xu H, Li X. Evaluating the bioequivalence and safety of liraglutide injection versus Victoza ® in healthy Chinese subjects: a randomized, open, two-cycle, self-crossover phase I clinical trial. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1326865. [PMID: 38186650 PMCID: PMC10766854 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1326865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Liraglutide is an acylated glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, and its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties as a GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist make it an important therapeutic option for many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study compared the bioequivalence and safety of liraglutide with the originator product in healthy Chinese adult subjects. Methods: Subjects (N = 36, both sexes) were randomized in a 1:1 ratio into two groups (18 cases each) for a two-cycle, self-crossover trial. Each cycle involved a single subcutaneous injection of the test and reference drugs, with a washout period of 14 days. The plasma drug concentration was quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The main pharmacokinetic parameters were statistically analyzed to assess drug bioequivalence. Furthermore, the safety of the drugs was assessed throughout the trial. Results: The geometric mean ratios of Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞ were 103.73%, 103.01%, and 103.03%, respectively, and their 90% confidence intervals (CIs) were consistent with the range of 80.00%-125.00%, indicating that the two formulations had similar pharmacokinetics. Meanwhile, safety results showed that both drugs were well tolerated. Conclusion: Studies have shown that the test drug has similar bioequivalence and safety to the reference drug. Clinical trial registration: (http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn/index.html), identifier (CTR20171303).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongrong Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Yuan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanjing Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weili Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haisong Xie
- Hangzhou Zhongmei Huadong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Hangzhou Zhongmei Huadong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuening Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Wang J, Wang X, Zhang M, Lang Y, Chen B, Ye Y, Bai Y, Ding S. The activation of spliced X-box binding protein 1 by isorhynchophylline therapy improves diabetic encephalopathy. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2587-2613. [PMID: 36695953 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The primary symptom of diabetic encephalopathy (DE), a kind of central diabetic neuropathy caused by diabetes mellitus (DM), is cognitive impairment. In addition, the tetracyclic oxindole alkaloid isorhynchophylline (IRN) helps lessen cognitive impairment. However, it is still unclear how IRN affects DM and DE and what mechanisms are involved. The effectiveness of IRN on brain insulin resistance was carefully examined in this work, both in vitro and in vivo. We found that IRN accelerates spliced form of X-box binding protein 1 (sXBP1) translocation into the nucleus under high glucose conditions in vitro. IRN also facilitates the nuclear association of pCREB with sXBP1 and the binding of regulatory subunits of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) p85α or p85β with XBP1 to restore high glucose impairment. Also, IRN treatment improves high glucose-mediated impairment of insulin signaling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and pyroptosis/apoptosis by depending on sXBP1 in vitro. In vivo studies suggested that IRN attenuates cognitive impairment, ameliorating peripheral insulin resistance, activating insulin signaling, inactivating activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and C/EBP homology protein (CHOP), and mitigating pyroptosis/apoptosis by stimulation of sXBP1 nuclear translocation in the brain. In summary, these data indicate that IRN contributes to maintaining insulin homeostasis by activating sXBP1 in the brain. Thus, IRN is a potent antidiabetic agent as well as an sXBP1 activator that has promising potential for the prevention or treatment of DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Huangshi Love & Health Hospital, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435000, China
| | - Xuebao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minxue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yan Lang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Baihui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yiru Ye
- School of Information and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongheng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Saidan Ding
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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12
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Yang W, Jiang W, Guo S. Regulation of Macronutrients in Insulin Resistance and Glucose Homeostasis during Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2023; 15:4671. [PMID: 37960324 PMCID: PMC10647592 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is an important feature of metabolic syndrome and a precursor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Overnutrition-induced obesity is a major risk factor for the development of insulin resistance and T2DM. The intake of macronutrients plays a key role in maintaining energy balance. The components of macronutrients distinctly regulate insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. Precisely adjusting the beneficial food compound intake is important for the prevention of insulin resistance and T2DM. Here, we reviewed the effects of different components of macronutrients on insulin sensitivity and their underlying mechanisms, including fructose, dietary fiber, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and amino acids. Understanding the diet-gene interaction will help us to better uncover the molecular mechanisms of T2DM and promote the application of precision nutrition in practice by integrating multi-omics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaodong Guo
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (W.Y.); (W.J.)
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13
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Petrovic A, Igrec D, Rozac K, Bojanic K, Kuna L, Kolaric TO, Mihaljevic V, Sikora R, Smolic R, Glasnovic M, Wu GY, Smolic M. The Role of GLP1-RAs in Direct Modulation of Lipid Metabolism in Hepatic Tissue as Determined Using In Vitro Models of NAFLD. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4544-4556. [PMID: 37367037 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been shown to improve glucose and lipid homeostasis, promote weight loss, and reduce cardiovascular risk factors. They are a promising therapeutic option for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common liver disease, associated with T2DM, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. GLP-1RAs have been approved for the treatment of T2DM and obesity, but not for NAFLD. Most recent clinical trials have suggested the importance of early pharmacologic intervention with GLP-1RAs in alleviating and limiting NAFLD, as well as highlighting the relative scarcity of in vitro studies on semaglutide, indicating the need for further research. However, extra-hepatic factors contribute to the GLP-1RA results of in vivo studies. Cell culture models of NAFLD can be helpful in eliminating extrahepatic effects on the alleviation of hepatic steatosis, modulation of lipid metabolism pathways, reduction of inflammation, and prevention of the progression of NAFLD to severe hepatic conditions. In this review article, we discuss the role of GLP-1 and GLP-1RA in the treatment of NAFLD using human hepatocyte models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Petrovic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dunja Igrec
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Karla Rozac
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kristina Bojanic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Health Center Osijek-Baranja County, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lucija Kuna
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Tea Omanovic Kolaric
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vjera Mihaljevic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Renata Sikora
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Health Center Osijek-Baranja County, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Robert Smolic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Glasnovic
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - George Y Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastrenterology/Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Martina Smolic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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14
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Failor M, Bohler M, Cao C, Gilbert E, Cline M. Elucidating the central anorexigenic mechanism of glucagon-like peptide 1 in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 339:114292. [PMID: 37088166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) elicits a potent reduction in food intake, although the central mechanism mediating this appetite-suppressive effect is not fully understood in all species. To begin to elucidate the molecular mechanisms in quail, we administered GLP-1 via intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection to 7-day-old Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica) and determined effects on food and water intake, behavior, and brain nucleus activation. We observed a reduction in food and water intake, with the lowest effective dose being 0.01 nmol. Quail injected with GLP-1 displayed fewer steps, feeding pecks, exploratory pecks, and jumps, while time spent sitting increased. We quantified c-Fos immunoreactivity at 60 minutes post-injection in hypothalamic and brainstem nuclei that mediate food intake and determined that the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and nucleus of the solitary tract and area postrema of the brainstem were activated in response to GLP-1.In conclusion, these results suggest that GLP-1 induces anorexigenic effects that are likely mediated at the level of the PVN and brainstem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Failor
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Mark Bohler
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Chang Cao
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Elizabeth Gilbert
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Mark Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
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15
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Lee E, Korf H, Vidal-Puig A. An adipocentric perspective on the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2023; 78:1048-1062. [PMID: 36740049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alongside the liver, white adipose tissue (WAT) is critical in regulating systemic energy homeostasis. Although each organ has its specialised functions, they must work coordinately to regulate whole-body metabolism. Adipose tissues and the liver are relatively resilient and can adapt to an energy surplus by facilitating triglyceride (TG) storage up to a certain threshold level without significant metabolic disturbances. However, lipid storage in WAT beyond a "personalised" adiposity threshold becomes dysfunctional, leading to metabolic inflexibility, progressive inflammation, and aberrant adipokine secretion. Moreover, the failure of adipose tissue to store and mobilise lipids results in systemic knock-on lipid overload, particularly in the liver. Factors contributing to hepatic lipid overload include lipids released from WAT, dietary fat intake, and enhanced de novo lipogenesis. In contrast, extrahepatic mechanisms counteracting toxic hepatic lipid overload entail coordinated compensation through oxidation of surplus fatty acids in brown adipose tissue and storage of fatty acids as TGs in WAT. Failure of these integrated homeostatic mechanisms leads to quantitative increases and qualitative alterations to the lipidome of the liver. Initially, hepatocytes preferentially accumulate TG species leading to a relatively "benign" non-alcoholic fatty liver. However, with time, inflammatory responses ensue, progressing into more severe conditions such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, in some individuals (often without an early prognostic clue). Herein, we highlight the pathogenic importance of obesity-induced "adipose tissue failure", resulting in decreased adipose tissue functionality (i.e. fat storage capacity and metabolic flexibility), in the development and progression of NAFL/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Lee
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Department of Medical Physiology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hannelie Korf
- Laboratory of Hepatology, CHROMETA Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Centro de Innvestigacion Principe Felipe, Valencia, Spain; Cambridge University Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation, Nanjing, China.
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16
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Du J, Xi L, Zhang Z, Ge X, Li W, Peng W, Jiang X, Liu W, Zhao N, Wang X, Guo X, Huang S. Metabolic remodeling of glycerophospholipids acts as a signature of dulaglutide and liraglutide treatment in recent-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1097612. [PMID: 36686441 PMCID: PMC9846071 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1097612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims As metabolic remodeling is a pathological characteristic in type 2 diabetes (T2D), we investigate the roles of newly developed long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) such as dulaglutide and liraglutide on metabolic remodeling in patients with recent-onset T2D. Methods We recruited 52 cases of T2D and 28 control cases in this study. In the patient with T2D, 39 cases received treatment with dulaglutide and 13 cases received treatment with liraglutide. Using untargeted metabolomics analysis with broad-spectrum LC-MS, we tracked serum metabolic changes of the patients from the beginning to the end of follow-up (12th week). Results We identified 198 metabolites that were differentially expressed in the patients with T2D, compared to the control group, in which 23 metabolites were significantly associated with fasting plasma glucose. Compared to pre-treatment, a total of 46 and 45 differentially regulated metabolites were identified after treatments with dulaglutide and liraglutide, respectively, in which the most differentially regulated metabolites belong to glycerophospholipids. Furthermore, a longitudinal integration analysis concurrent with diabetes case-control status revealed that metabolic pathways, such as the insulin resistance pathway and type 2 diabetes mellitus, were enriched after dulaglutide and liraglutide treatments. Proteins such as GLP-1R, GNAS, and GCG were speculated as potential targets of dulaglutide and liraglutide. Conclusions In total, a metabolic change in lipids existed in the early stage of T2D was ameliorated after the treatments of GLP-1RAs. In addition to similar effects on improving glycemic control, remodeling of glycerophospholipid metabolism was identified as a signature of dulaglutide and liraglutide treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Endocrinology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuqing Xi
- Endocrinology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongxiao Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxu Ge
- Endocrinology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyi Li
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfang Peng
- Endocrinology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- Endocrinology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Endocrinology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Endocrinology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyun Wang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xirong Guo
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Endocrinology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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17
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Wortelboer K, Koopen AM, Herrema H, de Vos WM, Nieuwdorp M, Kemper EM. From fecal microbiota transplantation toward next-generation beneficial microbes: The case of Anaerobutyricum soehngenii. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1077275. [PMID: 36544495 PMCID: PMC9760881 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1077275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The commensal gut microbiota is important for human health and well-being whereas deviations of the gut microbiota have been associated with a multitude of diseases. Restoration of a balanced and diverse microbiota by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a potential treatment strategy and promising tool to study causality of the microbiota in disease pathogenesis. However, FMT comes with logistical challenges and potential safety risks, such as the transfer of pathogenic microorganisms, undesired phenotypes or an increased risk of developing disease later in life. Therefore, a more controlled, personalized mixture of cultured beneficial microbes might prove a better alternative. Most of these beneficial microbes will be endogenous commensals to the host without a long history of safe and beneficial use and are therefore commonly referred to as next-generation probiotics (NGP) or live biotherapeutic products (LBP). Following a previous FMT study within our group, the commensal butyrate producer Anaerobutyricum spp. (previously named Eubacterium hallii) was found to be associated with improved insulin-sensitivity in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. After the preclinical testing with Anaerobutyricum soehngenii in mice models was completed, the strain was produced under controlled conditions and several clinical studies evaluating its safety and efficacy in humans were performed. Here, we describe and reflect on the development of A. soehngenii for clinical use, providing practical guidance for the development and testing of NGPs and reflecting on the current regulatory framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Wortelboer
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacy, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annefleur M. Koopen
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Willem M. de Vos
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - E. Marleen Kemper
- Department of Pharmacy, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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18
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DeMarsilis A, Reddy N, Boutari C, Filippaios A, Sternthal E, Katsiki N, Mantzoros C. Pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes: An update and future directions. Metabolism 2022; 137:155332. [PMID: 36240884 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a widely prevalent disease with substantial economic and social impact for which multiple conventional and novel pharmacotherapies are currently available; however, the landscape of T2D treatment is constantly changing as new therapies emerge and the understanding of currently available agents deepens. This review aims to provide an updated summary of the pharmacotherapeutic approach to T2D. Each class of agents is presented by mechanism of action, details of administration, side effect profile, cost, and use in certain populations including heart failure, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, chronic kidney disease, and older individuals. We also review targets of novel therapeutic T2D agent development. Finally, we outline an up-to-date treatment approach that starts with identification of an individualized goal for glycemic control then selection, initiation, and further intensification of a personalized therapeutic plan for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antea DeMarsilis
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Niyoti Reddy
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - Chrysoula Boutari
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreas Filippaios
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Elliot Sternthal
- Section of Endocrinology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Sindos, Greece; School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Christos Mantzoros
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Section of Endocrinology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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19
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Depot-specific adipose tissue modulation by SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 agonists mediates their cardioprotective effects in metabolic disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1631-1651. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20220404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are newer antidiabetic drug classes, which were recently shown to decrease cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. CV benefits of these drugs could not be directly attributed to their blood glucose lowering capacity possibly implicating a pleotropic effect as a mediator of their impact on cardiovascular disease (CVD). Particularly, preclinical and clinical studies indicate that SGLT-2i(s) and GLP-1 receptor agonists are capable of differentially modulating distinct adipose pools reducing the accumulation of fat in some depots, promoting the healthy expansion of others, and/or enhancing their browning, leading to the suppression of the metabolically induced inflammatory processes. These changes are accompanied with improvements in markers of cardiac structure and injury, coronary and vascular endothelial healing and function, vascular remodeling, as well as reduction of atherogenesis. Here, through a summary of the available evidence, we bring forth our view that the observed CV benefit in response to SGLT-2i or GLP-1 agonists therapy might be driven by their ameliorative impact on adipose tissue inflammation.
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20
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Liu F, Cai Z, Yang Y, Plasko G, Zhao P, Wu X, Tang C, Li D, Li T, Hu S, Song L, Yu S, Xu R, Luo H, Fan L, Wang E, Xiao Z, Ji Y, Zeng R, Li R, Bai J, Zhou Z, Liu F, Zhang J. The adipocyte-enriched secretory protein tetranectin exacerbates type 2 diabetes by inhibiting insulin secretion from β cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq1799. [PMID: 36129988 PMCID: PMC9491725 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq1799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell failure is a hallmark of diabetes. However, the causes of β cell failure remain incomplete. Here, we report the identification of tetranectin (TN), an adipose tissue-enriched secretory molecule, as a negative regulator of insulin secretion in β cells in diabetes. TN expression is stimulated by high glucose in adipocytes via the p38 MAPK/TXNIP/thioredoxin/OCT4 signaling pathway, and elevated serum TN levels are associated with diabetes. TN treatment greatly exacerbates hyperglycemia in mice and suppresses glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets. Conversely, knockout of TN or neutralization of TN function notably improves insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in high-fat diet-fed mice. Mechanistically, TN binds with high selectivity to β cells and inhibits insulin secretion by blocking L-type Ca2+ channels. Our study uncovers an adipocyte-β cell cross-talk that contributes to β cell dysfunction in diabetes and suggests that neutralization of TN levels may provide a new treatment strategy for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zixin Cai
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yan Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - George Plasko
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Piao Zhao
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangyue Wu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Dandan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Liver Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shanbiao Hu
- Department of Urological Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Urological Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shaojie Yu
- Department of Urological Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Hairong Luo
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Libin Fan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ersong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Zhen Xiao
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yujiao Ji
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Rongxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Juli Bai
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Feng Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Derivatives: Promising Candidates for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231910988. [PMID: 36232291 PMCID: PMC9569462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231910988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease, which is characterized by hyperglycemia, chronic insulin resistance, progressive decline in β-cell function, and defect in insulin secretion. It has become one of the leading causes of death worldwide. At present, there is no cure for T2DM, but it can be treated, and blood glucose levels can be controlled. It has been reported that diabetic patients may suffer from the adverse effects of conventional medicine. Therefore, alternative therapy, such as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), can be used to manage and treat diabetes. In this review, glycyrrhizic acid (GL) and its derivatives are suggested to be promising candidates for the treatment of T2DM and its complications. It is the principal bioactive constituent in licorice, one type of TCM. This review comprehensively summarized the therapeutic effects and related mechanisms of GL and its derivatives in managing blood glucose levels and treating T2DM and its complications. In addition, it also discusses existing clinical trials and highlights the research gap in clinical research. In summary, this review can provide a further understanding of GL and its derivatives in T2DM as well as its complications and recent progress in the development of potential drugs targeting T2DM.
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Koopen A, Witjes J, Wortelboer K, Majait S, Prodan A, Levin E, Herrema H, Winkelmeijer M, Aalvink S, Bergman JJGHM, Havik S, Hartmann B, Levels H, Bergh PO, van Son J, Balvers M, Bastos DM, Stroes E, Groen AK, Henricsson M, Kemper EM, Holst J, Strauch CM, Hazen SL, Bäckhed F, De Vos WM, Nieuwdorp M, Rampanelli E. Duodenal Anaerobutyricum soehngenii infusion stimulates GLP-1 production, ameliorates glycaemic control and beneficially shapes the duodenal transcriptome in metabolic syndrome subjects: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study. Gut 2022; 71:1577-1587. [PMID: 34697034 PMCID: PMC9279853 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although gut dysbiosis is increasingly recognised as a pathophysiological component of metabolic syndrome (MetS), the role and mode of action of specific gut microbes in metabolic health remain elusive. Previously, we identified the commensal butyrogenic Anaerobutyricum soehngenii to be associated with improved insulin sensitivity in subjects with MetS. In this proof-of-concept study, we investigated the potential therapeutic effects of A. soehngenii L2-7 on systemic metabolic responses and duodenal transcriptome profiles in individuals with MetS. DESIGN In this randomised double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study, 12 male subjects with MetS received duodenal infusions of A. soehngenii/ placebo and underwent duodenal biopsies, mixed meal tests (6 hours postinfusion) and 24-hour continuous glucose monitoring. RESULTS A. soehngenii treatment provoked a markedly increased postprandial excursion of the insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and an elevation of plasma secondary bile acids, which were positively associated with GLP-1 levels. Moreover, A. soehngenii treatment robustly shaped the duodenal expression of 73 genes, with the highest fold induction in the expression of regenerating islet-protein 1B (REG1B)-encoding gene. Strikingly, duodenal REG1B expression positively correlated with GLP-1 levels and negatively correlated with peripheral glucose variability, which was significantly diminished in the 24 hours following A. soehngenii intake. Mechanistically, Reg1B expression is induced upon sensing butyrate or bacterial peptidoglycan. Importantly, A. soehngenii duodenal administration was safe and well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS A single dose of A. soehngenii improves peripheral glycaemic control within 24 hours; it specifically stimulates intestinal GLP-1 production and REG1B expression. Further studies are needed to delineate the specific pathways involved in REG1B induction and function in insulin sensitivity. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NTR-NL6630.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annefleur Koopen
- Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Witjes
- Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Wortelboer
- Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Soumia Majait
- Clinical Pharmacy, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrei Prodan
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeni Levin
- Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Winkelmeijer
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Aalvink
- Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Stephan Havik
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bolette Hartmann
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Han Levels
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Per-Olof Bergh
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Jamie van Son
- Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Balvers
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Erik Stroes
- Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert K Groen
- Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus Henricsson
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Jens Holst
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Christopher M Strauch
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Willem M De Vos
- Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wang J, Zhang L, Cao H, Shi X, Zhang X, Gao Z, Ikeda K, Yan T, Jia Y, Xu F. Silibinin improves L-cell mass and function through an estrogen receptor-mediated antioxidative mechanism. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:154022. [PMID: 35255283 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silibinin, a major component of milk thistle extract silymarin, promotes hypoglycemia by activating estrogen receptor (ER) α and β-mediated pathways in pancreatic β-cells. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is the enteroendocrine peptide produced in L-cells, and it controls glucose homeostasis through multiple pathways. The effect of silibinin on L-cell mass and function is still unknown. PURPOSE The protective effect of silibinin on palmitate (PA)-treated intestinal L-cell line GLUTag cells and the SHRSP•Z-Leprfa/Izm-Dmcr (SP•ZF) diabetic rat model was investigated in current study. METHODS After pre-incubation with 50 μM silibinin for 4 h, GLUTag cells were treated with 0.125 mM PA. MTT, Annexin V/PI apoptosis, Hoechst 33342 staining, western blot, DCFH-DA, GLP-1 ELISA, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence analyses were undertaken to determine ER-dependent protection of silibinin against PA-induced cellular damage. The differential protein expression of GLUTag cells under different treatments was examined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). The SP•ZF diabetic rat model was chosen for in vivo study. After 4 weeks of gastric gavage with 100 or 300 mg kg-1 of silibinin, the physiological indexes of the rats were measured. Cells expressing GLP-1, 8‑hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), ERα, and/or ERβ in duodenum tissues were detected by immunofluorescence. RESULTS The current study showed that the GLUTag cells preincubated with silibinin activated the transcription factor nuclear erythroid-2 like factor-2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant pathway, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and improved cell survival and GLP-1 content, while the antioxidative effect of silibinin was blocked by the selective ERα antagonist MPP or ERβ antagonist PHTPP in GLUTag cells. Our proteomics data further revealed that ERα or β inactivation reduced glutathione peroxide and proteins associated with endocytosis and reproduction, thus at least partially reversing the protective effect of silibinin. SP•ZF rats received silibinin treatment showed increased serum GLP-1 content and improved glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, silibinin upregulated ERα and β levels and reduced the level of 8-OHdG in GLP-1-positive cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that silibinin improved L-cell mass and function through an ER-mediated antioxidant pathway, and the proteomics analysis revealed for the first time the differential regulation of proteins by PA and silibinin in GLUTag cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Wang
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Luxin Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Hao Cao
- School of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China; School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Shi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Zihao Gao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Katsumi Ikeda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
| | - Tingxu Yan
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Ying Jia
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China.
| | - Fanxing Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China.
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Khanal P, Patil BM. Reversal of insulin resistance by Ficus benghalensis bark in fructose-induced insulin-resistant rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114761. [PMID: 34678414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bark of Ficus benghalensis L. (family: Moraceae), commonly known as Banyan is recorded as Nyagrodha in Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India to manage burning sensation, obesity, diabetes, bleeding disorders, thirst, skin diseases, wounds, and dysmenorrhoea. However, the effect of F. benghalensis bark over glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and appetite regulation in insulin-resistant pathogenesis has not been reported yet. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of F. benghalensis bark in gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, and appetite regulation in fructose-induced insulin resistance in experimental rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wister rats were supplemented with fructose in drinking water (10% w/v for 42 days and 20% w/v for next 12 days; a total of 54 days); insulin resistance was confirmed via the elevated area under the curve of the glucose during oral glucose tolerance test after 54 days and was subjected with extract treatment for next 30 days. After 30 days of treatment, animals were fasted to perform oral glucose and insulin tolerance test to estimate glucose and insulin levels. The blood sample was collected for biochemical estimation and the liver homogenate was prepared to estimate hepatic enzymes and enzymatic and non-enzymatic anti-oxidant biomarkers followed by histopathological evaluation. Also, glycogen content was quantified in gastrocnemius muscle and liver homogenates. Further, reported bioactives from the F. benghalensis were retrieved from the ChEBI database and docked against hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and fructose-1,6-biphosphatase to identify the probable lead hits against the enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis. RESULTS Treatment with the F. benghalensis bark extract significantly increased the body weight and food intake and significantly decreased fructose supplemented water intake. Further, treatment with extract significantly increased the exogenous glucose clearance and well responded to the exogenous insulin. Further, extract treatment improved lipid metabolism, ameliorated plasma leptin, and multiple enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant biomarkers. Likewise, it also improved gluconeogenesis mediated pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver injury. Additionally, molecular docking also identified mucusisoflavone A and B as lead hits in downregulating gluconeogenesis. CONCLUSION Hydroalcoholic extract of F. benghalensis bark may prevent insulin resistance by downregulating gluconeogenesis and improving the appetite in fructose-induced insulin-resistant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pukar Khanal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi-590010, India.
| | - B M Patil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi-590010, India.
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Martínez-Montoro JI, Pinzón-Martín JL, Damas-Fuentes M, Fernández-Valero A, Tinahones FJ. Combination Therapy With Semaglutide and Dapagliflozin as an Effective Approach for the Management of Type A Insulin Resistance Syndrome: A Case Report. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:838887. [PMID: 35498407 PMCID: PMC9046779 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.838887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type A insulin resistance (IR) syndrome is a very uncommon genetic disorder affecting the insulin receptor (INSR) gene, characterized by severe IR without the presence of obesity. Patients with this condition will eventually develop diabetes, presenting a variable response to insulin-sensitizers, such as metformin and thiazolidinediones, and high doses of insulin. We report for the first time the results of the use of combination therapy with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor for the treatment of diabetes in the context of type A IR syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Martínez-Montoro
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- *Correspondence: José Ignacio Martínez-Montoro, ; Francisco J. Tinahones,
| | - José Luis Pinzón-Martín
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Miguel Damas-Fuentes
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Fernández-Valero
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: José Ignacio Martínez-Montoro, ; Francisco J. Tinahones,
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So SY, Wu Q, Leung KS, Kundi ZM, Savidge TC, El-Nezami H. Yeast β-glucan reduces obesity-associated Bilophila abundance and modulates bile acid metabolism in healthy and high-fat diet mouse models. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G639-G655. [PMID: 34643089 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00226.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence links dietary fiber with altered gut microbiota composition and bile acid signaling in maintaining metabolic health. Yeast β-glucan (Y-BG) is a dietary supplement known for its immunomodulatory effect, yet its impact on the gut microbiota and bile acid composition remains unclear. This study investigated whether dietary forms of Y-BG modulate these gut-derived signals. We performed 4-wk dietary supplementation in healthy mice to evaluate the effects of different fiber composition (soluble vs. particulate Y-BG) and dose (0.1% vs. 2%). We found that 2% particulate Y-BG induced robust gut microbiota community shifts with elevated liver Cyp7a1 mRNA abundance and bile acid synthesis. These diet-induced responses were notably different when compared with the prebiotic inulin, and included a marked reduction in fecal Bilophila abundance which we demonstrated as translatable to obesity in population-scale American Gut and TwinsUK clinical cohorts. This prompted us to test whether 2% Y-BG maintained metabolic health in mice fed 60% HFD over 13 wk. Y-BG consistently altered the gut microbiota composition and reduced Bilophila abundance, with trends observed in improvement of metabolic phenotype. Notably, Y-BG improved insulin sensitization and this was associated with enhanced ileal Glpr1r mRNA accumulation and reduced Bilophila abundance. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Y-BG modulates gut microbiota community composition and bile acid signaling, but the dietary regime needs to be optimized to facilitate clinical improvement in metabolic phenotype in an aggressive high-fat diet animal model.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The study shows that dietary Y-BG supplementation modulated gut microbiota, bile acid metabolism and associated signaling pathways. Y-BG significantly reduced Bilophila abundance which is associated with obesity in human cohorts. Correlation analysis confirmed functional interactions between bile acid composition, gut microbiota, and metabolic phenotype, although clinical benefit did not reach significance in an aggressive obesity model. Gut microbiota and bile acids correlated with metabolic parameters, indicating future potential of dietary Y-BG modulation of metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sik Yu So
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Qinglong Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Kin Sum Leung
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Zuzanna Maria Kundi
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Tor C Savidge
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Hani El-Nezami
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Jiang Y, Zhu L, Wu D, Ni Y, Huang C, Ye H, Yang Y, Liu R, Li Y. Type IIB PKA is highly expressed in β cells and controls cell proliferation via regulating Cyclin D1 expression. FEBS J 2021; 289:2865-2876. [PMID: 34839588 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
β cell number is maintained mainly by cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. Protein kinase A (PKA) pathway is an important intracellular signalling-mediating β cell proliferation. However, the precise roles of PKA isoforms are not well-defined. We found that the RIIB subunit of PKA is expressed specifically by β cells of mouse and human islets. Sixty percent pancreatectomy caused increased β cell proliferation. Deletion of type IIB PKA by disruption of RIIB expression further promoted β cell proliferation, leading to enhanced β cell mass expansion. RIIB KO mice also showed increased insulin levels and improved glucose tolerance. Mechanistically, activation of type IIB PKA decreased Cyclin D1 levels and inhibition of RIIB expression increased Cyclin D1 levels. Consistently, activation of type IIB PKA inhibited cell cycle entry. These results suggest that type IIB PKA plays a pivotal role in β cell proliferation via regulating Cyclin D1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojing Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzhi Ni
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuxin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongying Ye
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yehong Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yudhani RD, Nugrahaningsih DAA, Sholikhah EN, Mustofa M. The Molecular Mechanisms of Hypoglycemic Properties and Safety Profiles of Swietenia Macrophylla Seeds Extract: A Review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is known as the root cause of type 2 diabetes; hence, it is a substantial therapeutic target. Nowadays, studies have shifted the focus to natural ingredients that have been utilized as a traditional diabetes treatment, including Swietenia macrophylla. Accumulating evidence supports the hypoglycemic activities of S. macrophylla seeds extract, although its molecular mechanisms have yet to be well-established.
AIM: This review focuses on the hypoglycemic molecular mechanisms of S. macrophylla seeds extract and its safety profiles.
METHODS: An extensive search of the latest literature was conducted from four main databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) using several keywords: “swietenia macrophylla, seeds, and diabetes;” “swietenia macrophylla, seeds, and oxidative stress;” “swietenia macrophylla, seeds, and inflammation;” “swietenia macrophylla, seeds, and GLUT4;” and “swietenia macrophylla, seeds, and toxicities.”
RESULTS: The hypoglycemic activities occur through modulating several pathways associated with IR and T2D pathogenesis. The seeds extract of S. macrophylla modulates oxidative stress by decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized low-density lipoprotein, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances while increasing antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase). Another propose mechanism is the modulating of the inflammatory pathway by attenuating nuclear factor kappa β, tumor necrosis factor α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase 2. Some studies have shown that the extract can also control phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/ Akt (PI3K/Akt) pathway by inducing glucose transporter 4, while suppressing phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. Moreover, in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo toxicity studies supported the safety profile of S. macrophylla seeds extract with the LD50 higher than 2000 mg/kg.
CONCLUSION: The potential of S. macrophylla seeds as antidiabetic candidate is supported by many studies that have documented their non-toxic and hypoglycemic effects, which involve several molecular pathways.
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Phillips J, Chen JHC, Ooi E, Prunster J, Lim WH. Global Epidemiology, Health Outcomes, and Treatment Options for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Kidney Failure. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2021; 2:731574. [PMID: 36994340 PMCID: PMC10012134 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2021.731574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The burden of type 2 diabetes and related complications has steadily increased over the last few decades and is one of the foremost global public health threats in the 21st century. Diabetes is one of the leading causes of chronic kidney disease and kidney failure and is an important contributor to the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in this population. In addition, up to one in three patients who have received kidney transplants develop post-transplant diabetes, but the management of this common complication continues to pose a significant challenge for clinicians. In this review, we will describe the global prevalence and temporal trend of kidney failure attributed to diabetes mellitus in both developing and developed countries. We will examine the survival differences between treated kidney failure patients with and without type 2 diabetes, focusing on the survival differences in those on maintenance dialysis or have received kidney transplants. With the increased availability of novel hypoglycemic agents, we will address the potential impacts of these novel agents in patients with diabetes and kidney failure and in those who have developed post-transplant diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Phillips
- Department of Renal Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Jessica Phillips,
| | - Jenny H. C. Chen
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Depatment of Nephrology, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Esther Ooi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Janelle Prunster
- Department of Renal Medicine, Cairns Hospital, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Wai H. Lim
- Department of Renal Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Simental-Mendía LE, Sánchez-García A, Linden-Torres E, Simental-Mendía M. Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on circulating levels of leptin and resistin: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 177:108899. [PMID: 34098057 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM Previous studies have found reduced concentrations of both leptin and resistin after glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) treatment; however, the evidence in this field is inconclusive. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was to evaluate the effect of GLP-1 RA on both leptin and resistin levels. METHODS The present systematic review and meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of GLP-1 RA on leptin and resistin concentrations. For this, PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar databases were searched. A random-effects model and a sensitivity analysis were performed for meta-analysis. RESULTS Meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials comprising 1,025 subjects indicated that administration of GLP-1 RA significantly decreases leptin (WMD: -4.85 ng/mL, 95% CI: -9.32, -0.38, p = 0.03) and resistin (WMD: -1.40 ng/mL, 95% CI: -2.78, -0.01, p = 0.05) serum levels. However, the effect size was sensitive to four studies for both leptin and resistin concentrations. CONCLUSION The results of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials suggest that GLP-1 RA therapy reduces both leptin and resistin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E Simental-Mendía
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Delegación Durango, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Adriana Sánchez-García
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Enrique Linden-Torres
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Delegación Durango, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Mario Simental-Mendía
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
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Manchanda Y, Bitsi S, Kang Y, Jones B, Tomas A. Spatiotemporal control of GLP-1 receptor activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Rosendo-Silva D, Matafome P. Gut-adipose tissue crosstalk: A bridge to novel therapeutic targets in metabolic syndrome? Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13130. [PMID: 32815267 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The gut is one of the main endocrine organs in our body, producing hormones acknowledged to play determinant roles in controlling appetite, energy balance and glucose homeostasis. One of the targets of such hormones is the adipose tissue, a major energetic reservoir, which governs overall metabolism through the secretion of adipokines. Disturbances either in nutrient and metabolic sensing and consequent miscommunication between these organs constitute a key driver to the metabolic complications clustered in metabolic syndrome. Thus, it is essential to understand how the disruption of this crosstalk might trigger adipose tissue dysfunction, a strong characteristic of obesity and insulin resistance. The beneficial effects of metabolic surgery in the amelioration of glucose homeostasis and body weight reduction allowed to understand the potential of gut signals modulation as a treatment for metabolic syndrome-related obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this review, we cover the effects of gut hormones in the modulation of adipose tissue metabolic and endocrine functions, as well as their impact in tissue plasticity. Furthermore, we discuss how the modulation of gut secretome, either through surgical procedures or pharmacological approaches, might improve adipose tissue function in obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rosendo-Silva
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Complementary Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Coimbra, Portugal
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Abdalla MA, Deshmukh H, Atkin S, Sathyapalan T. The potential role of incretin-based therapies for polycystic ovary syndrome: a narrative review of the current evidence. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2021; 12:2042018821989238. [PMID: 33552465 PMCID: PMC7844452 DOI: 10.1177/2042018821989238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age. Metabolic consequences associated with PCOS include, but are not limited to, insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential therapeutic roles of the incretin-based therapies in the management of PCOS. METHODS We performed a systematic search of databases including PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE up to 1 October 2020. We developed a search string of medical subject headings (MeSH) including the terms PCOS, incretin mimetics, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonists (GLP-1 RAs), liraglutide, exenatide, semaglutide, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, combined with IR, testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). RESULTS We identified 854 relevant articles and, after the initial screening, eight interventional animal studies, one observational animal study, 14 interventional human studies, two case-control studies and one systematic review were included. These studies showed the potential significant roles of GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4 inhibitors in the management of PCOS, with significant improvements in the metabolic parameters, including substantial weight reduction and improved insulin sensitivity. These agents also improved the hormonal parameters through decreased free androgen and increased SHBG. Moreover, they improved menstrual regularity, increased fertility with enhanced ovulation and pregnancy in obese women with PCOS. CONCLUSION GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4 inhibitors have a promising therapeutic role in PCOS; however, larger clinical trials are needed to establish the role of incretin-based therapies in the management of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Altigani Abdalla
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Harshal Deshmukh
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Stephen Atkin
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, RCSI Medical University of Bahrain, Kingdom of Bahrain
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Yaribeygi H, Farrokhi FR, Abdalla MA, Sathyapalan T, Banach M, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. The Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Dipeptydilpeptidase-4 Inhibitors on Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Complications in Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:6518221. [PMID: 34258291 PMCID: PMC8263148 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6518221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists are a class of newly introduced antidiabetic medications that potentially lower blood glucose by several molecular pathways. DPP-4 inhibitors are the other type of novel antidiabetic medications which act by preventing GLP-1 inactivation and thereby increasing the activity levels of GLP-1, leading to more glucose-induced insulin release from islet β-cells and suppression of glucagon release. Most patients with diabetes have concurrent hypertension and cardiovascular disorder. If antihyperglycemic agents can attenuate the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, they will amplify their overall beneficial effects. There is conflicting evidence on the cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1R induction in laboratory studies and clinical trials. In this study, we have reviewed the main molecular mechanisms by which GLP-1R induction may modulate the cardiovascular function and the results of cardiovascular outcome clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Farin Rashid Farrokhi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, UK
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ao N, Ma Z, Yang J, Jin S, Zhang K, Luo E, Du J. Liraglutide ameliorates lipotoxicity-induced inflammation through the mTORC1 signalling pathway. Peptides 2020; 133:170375. [PMID: 32771373 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lipotoxicity has been implicated in many disease processes, and prolonged exposure to high lipid levels often leads to the activation of a variety of abnormal signals, which in turn leads to the induction of inflammation. The aim of our study was to explore the correlation between mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and inflammation by studying high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats and palmitate (PA)-induced inflammation (lipotoxicity) in HepG2 cells. In addition, we investigated whether the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue liraglutide can protect rats and HepG2 cells from lipotoxicity. Our results showed that an HFD and PA significantly increased inflammation by activating the mTORC1 pathway in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with rapamycin (an mTOR inhibitor) inhibited some effects of PA on inflammation. Furthermore, we observed that liraglutide inhibited PA-induced inflammation by inactivating mTORC1 signalling molecules. Overall, our findings demonstrated that mTORC1 signalling pathways were involved primarily in high lipid level-induced inflammation. Importantly, liraglutide may protect against lipotoxicity-induced inflammation by regulating mTORC1-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhuoqi Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shi Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
| | - Enjie Luo
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Jian Du
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Fang T, Huang S, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chen J, Hu W. Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Alters Pancreatic and Hepatic Histology and Regulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in High-fat Diet Mouse Model. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2020; 129:625-633. [PMID: 32961563 DOI: 10.1055/a-1240-4936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a major health problem worldwide, and non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are obesity-associated complications. Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist, has been approved for treatment of obesity. We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of liraglutide on the complications through its regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. METHODS A high-fat diet mouse model was established in C57BL/6J mice. Two groups of mice were fed a high-fat diet with 60% fat for 16 weeks and control mice were fed standard chow. A four-week 0.6 mg/kg/day liraglutide treatment was started in one high-fat diet group after 12 weeks of the high-fat diet. After sacrificing the mice, pancreatic and hepatic tissues were prepared for western blot and immunohistochemistry for ER stress proteins, including activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), caspase 12, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α (eIF2α), glucose regulated protein (GRP) 78 and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK). RESULTS Liraglutide significantly decreased body weight gained by mice consuming a high-fat diet (27.6 g vs. 34.5 g, P<0.001), and levels of all ER proteins increased significantly in both the pancreas and liver (all P<0.05). Expression of most ER stress proteins in pancreatic tissue correlated with disease scores of NAFLD (all P<0.05). However, no significant differences were found in pancreatic ATF 4 expression between mice without NAFLD, and those with early non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrotic NASH (P=0.122). CONCLUSION Liraglutide reduces the severity of NAFPD and NAFLD may through regulating the ER stress pathway and downstream apoptosis signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyong Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Siying Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yongpeng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zongchi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jiangmu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Weitao Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Onogi Y, Khalil AEMM, Ussar S. Identification and characterization of adipose surface epitopes. Biochem J 2020; 477:2509-2541. [PMID: 32648930 PMCID: PMC7360119 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a central regulator of metabolism and an important pharmacological target to treat the metabolic consequences of obesity, such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Among the various cellular compartments, the adipocyte cell surface is especially appealing as a drug target as it contains various proteins that when activated or inhibited promote adipocyte health, change its endocrine function and eventually maintain or restore whole-body insulin sensitivity. In addition, cell surface proteins are readily accessible by various drug classes. However, targeting individual cell surface proteins in adipocytes has been difficult due to important functions of these proteins outside adipose tissue, raising various safety concerns. Thus, one of the biggest challenges is the lack of adipose selective surface proteins and/or targeting reagents. Here, we discuss several receptor families with an important function in adipogenesis and mature adipocytes to highlight the complexity at the cell surface and illustrate the problems with identifying adipose selective proteins. We then discuss that, while no unique adipocyte surface protein might exist, how splicing, posttranslational modifications as well as protein/protein interactions can create enormous diversity at the cell surface that vastly expands the space of potentially unique epitopes and how these selective epitopes can be identified and targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Onogi
- RG Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elagamy Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil
- RG Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Siegfried Ussar
- RG Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Peláez-Jaramillo MJ, Valencia-Enciso N, Cárdenas-Mojica AA, Gaete PV, Scher-Nemirovsky EA, Gómez-Arango LF, Colmenares-Araque D, Castro-López CA, Betancourt-Villamizar E, Jaimes-Madrigal J, Alvarez CA, Jiménez-Mora MA, Quiroga-Padilla PJ, Puerto-Baracaldo DK, Mendivil CO. Impact of a Formulation Containing Unusual Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Trace Elements, Polyphenols and Plant Sterols on Insulin Resistance and Associated Disturbances. Diabetes Ther 2020; 11:229-245. [PMID: 31691133 PMCID: PMC6965541 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-019-00721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate the effect of a lipid-based formulation containing unusual polyunsaturated fatty acids, trace elements, polyphenols and plant sterols on insulin resistance and its associated disturbances among adults at risk of diabetes. METHODS This was an 8-week, three-arm, open-label randomized clinical trial. We studied individuals aged ≥ 18 years old with diabetes risk given by a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 or a FinnRisc score ≥ 13/20. Participants were randomly assigned to receive: 7 ml sunflower oil (control group), 3.5 ml of the study formulation + 3.5 ml of sunflower oil (low-dose group) or 7 ml of study formulation (high-dose group). RESULTS We randomized 25 individuals. After one withdrawal in the high-dose group, the study sample comprised nine patients in the control, nine in the low-dose and six in the high-dose groups. The insulin sensitivity increased significantly and in a dose-dependent fashion, up to 10% in the high-dose group. At week 8 the low-dose group exhibited lower glycemic excursions during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), especially 1 h after the glucose challenge (32 mg/dl or 23% lower vs. control group). The incremental area under the glucose curve in the OGTT was 17.1% lower in the low-dose group vs. the control group. Waist circumference increased in the control group, remained constant in the low-dose group and decreased in the high-dose group. C-reactive protein decreased in both formulation groups, up to 50% in the high-dose group. Participants in the formulation groups exhibited increased secretion of GLP-1 and plasma irisin at week 8 vs. the control group. CONCLUSION The formulation induced favorable changes in insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, abdominal obesity and inflammation. These effects and their durability will need to be assessed in larger studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03512665. FUNDING Team Foods Colombia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paula V Gaete
- School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos O Mendivil
- School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Molecular mechanisms by which GLP-1 RA and DPP-4i induce insulin sensitivity. Life Sci 2019; 234:116776. [PMID: 31425698 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 is a peptide of incretin family which is used in the management of diabetes as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA). Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme metabolizes glucagon-like peptide-1 and various dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme inhibitors (DPP-4i) are also used in the management of diabetes. These antidiabetic agents provide anti-hyperglycemic effects via several molecular mechanisms including promoting insulin secretion, suppression of glucagon secretion and slowing the gastric emptying. There is some research suggesting that they can induce insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. In this study, we review the possible molecular mechanisms by which GLP-1RA and DPP-4i can improve insulin resistance and increase insulin sensitivity in insulin-dependent peripheral tissues.
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张 雨, 刘 仕, 范 存, 曾 艳, 李 际, 谢 翠, 薛 耀, 关 美. [Effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists on body fat redistribution and muscle mass in overweight and obese type 2 diabetic patients]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:450-455. [PMID: 31068289 PMCID: PMC6743999 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.04.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on body fat redistribution and muscle mass in overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of 76 patients with body mass indexes (BMI)≥24 kg/m2, who had an established diagnosis of T2DM in our department between December, 2014 and September, 2015. We divided these patients according to their BMI in overweight group (BMI of 24-27.9 kg/m2, n=14), obese group (BMI of 28-31.9 kg/m2, n=35) and severely obese group (BMI≥32 kg/m2, n=27). All the patients received treatment with GLP-1RAs (Exenatide or Liraglutide) for 3.0 to 29.0 weeks (mean 8.9 weeks), and their blood glucose, HbA1c and serum lipids were analyzed. For each patient, the fat and muscle masses were analyzed using a human body composition analyzer (JAWON-IOI353, Korea) before and after GLP-1RAs treatment. RESULTS Treatment with GLP-1RAs significantly decreased BMI and visceral adiposity index (VAI) in all the patients in the 3 groups (P < 0.05). The treatment significantly decreased the body weight in the overweight group and obese group by 2.70 kg (0.60-4.95 kg) and 2.65 kg (1.45-6.40 kg), respectively (P < 0.05), and significantly decreased the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in the overweight group (P < 0.05). The obese and severely obese patients showed significantly decreased percentage body fat (including both subcutaneous and visceral fat) and increased muscle mass after the treatment (P < 0.05). Compared with those in the overweight group, the percentage body fat and VAI were significantly decreased in the obese group after the treatment (P < 0.05), and the percentage of subcutaneous fat reduced and the muscle ratio increased more obviously in the obese and severely obese patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS GLP-1RAs treatment can significantly lower BMI and improve body fat distribution in obese patients with T2DM, especially in patients with a greater BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- 雨丹 张
- 南方医科大学南方医院内分泌代谢科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 仕群 刘
- 南方医科大学南方医院内分泌代谢科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 存霞 范
- 南方医科大学南方医院内分泌代谢科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- 海南省人民医院内分泌代谢科,海南 海口 570311Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - 艳梅 曾
- 南方医科大学南方医院内分泌代谢科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 际敏 李
- 南方医科大学南方医院内分泌代谢科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 翠华 谢
- 南方医科大学南方医院内分泌代谢科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 耀明 薛
- 南方医科大学南方医院内分泌代谢科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 美萍 关
- 南方医科大学南方医院内分泌代谢科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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