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Zhao Y, Lv W, Zhang Y, Tang M, Wang H. Enhanced data preprocessing with novel window function in Raman spectroscopy: Leveraging feature selection and machine learning for raspberry origin identification. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 323:124913. [PMID: 39126867 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a simple and accurate approach is proposed for enhancing the origin identification of raspberry samples using a combination of innovative Raman spectral preprocessing techniques, feature selection, and machine learning algorithms. Window function was creatively introduced and combined with baseline removal technique to preprocess the Raman spectral data, reducing the dimensionality of the raw data and ensuring the quality of the processed data. An optimization process was conducted to determine the optimal parameter for the window function, resulting in a binning window width of 5 that yielded the highest accuracy. After applying three feature selection techniques, it was found that the information gain model had the best performance in extracting discriminative spectral features. Finally, ten different machine learning algorithms were employed to construct predictive models, and the optimal models were selected. Linear Support Vector Classifier (LinearSVC), Multi-Layer Perceptron Classifier (MLPClassifier), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) achieve accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 values above 0.96, while the Random Vector Functional Link Network Classifier (RVFLClassifier) surpasses 0.93 for these performance metrics. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in identifying the origin of raspberry samples with high accuracy and robustness, providing a valuable tool for agricultural product authentication and quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaju Zhao
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Institute of Food & Drug Quality and Safety, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
| | - Wei Lv
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Institute of Food & Drug Quality and Safety, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Yinsheng Zhang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Institute of Food & Drug Quality and Safety, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Minmin Tang
- Jiangsu Provincial Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Nanjing 210007, PR China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Institute of Food & Drug Quality and Safety, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
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Xiong X, Liu Z, Che X, Zhang X, Li X, Gao W. Chemical composition, pharmacological activity and development strategies of Rubus chingii: A review. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2024; 16:313-326. [PMID: 39072206 PMCID: PMC11283228 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Raspberries are used for both food and medicine, but it has not yet attracted widespread attention. In this paper, the chemical constituen of the original plant raspberry. R. chingii is one of the new "Zhe Bawei" medicinal materials selected in 2017. "Zhe Bawei" refers to eight kinds of genuine medicinal materials in Zhejiang Province. The chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, processing, and application of Rubus chingii Hu were reviewed to provide a reference for its further development. Relevant literature in recent years was collected in databases such as China Knowledge Network, Web of Science, Elsevier, PubMed, and X-Mol, using "raspberry", "Rubus chingii", "traditional use", "chemical composition", "pharmacology", etc. as keywords individually or in combination. The summary of pharmacological activities shows that the relationship between the pharmacological activities of raspberry is still not deep enough. More in-depth research should be carried out in this direction to explore the mechanism of action of its active ingredients and provide effective reference for the further development of the raspberry industry. In the future, with the participation of more researchers, it is expected to develop innovative drugs based on raspberry for the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmei Xiong
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300110, China
| | - Xiance Che
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Chinese Medicine Resources Research Enterprises, Tianjin 300402, China
| | - Xia Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300110, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301600, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300110, China
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Shi Y, Chen Z, Shen M, Li Q, Wang S, Jiang J, Zeng W. Identification and Functional Verification of the Glycosyltransferase Gene Family Involved in Flavonoid Synthesis in Rubus chingii Hu. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1390. [PMID: 38794460 PMCID: PMC11125054 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation is catalyzed by UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) and plays an important role in enriching the diversity of flavonoids. Rubus plants contain a lot of natural flavonoid glycosides, which are important plants with a homology of medicine and food. However, information about the Rubus UGT gene family is very limited. In this study, we carried out genome-wide analysis and identified the 172, 121, 130, 121 UGT genes in R. chingii, R. corchorifolius, R. idaeus, and R. occidentalis, respectively, and divided them into 18 groups. The analysis of the protein motif and gene structure showed that there were structural and functional conservations in the same group, but there were differences among different groups. Gene replication analysis showed that raspberry and dicotyledons had a higher homology. The expansion of the UGTs gene family was mainly driven by tandem replication events, and experienced purified selection during the long evolution of the raspberry. Cis-acting element analysis showed that they were related to plant growth and development, hormone regulation, and stress response. In addition, according to a comprehensive analysis of the co-expression network constructed by transcriptome data and phylogenetic homology, RchUGT169 was identified as a flavonoid glucosyltransferase. Through the transient expression in tobacco, it was verified that RchUGT169 could catalyze the conversion of kaempferol and quercetin to the corresponding flavonoid glycosides. In conclusion, this research enriched the understanding of the diversity of UGTs in Rubus and determined that RcUGT169 can catalyze flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Y.S.); (Z.C.); (S.W.)
| | - Zhen Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Y.S.); (Z.C.); (S.W.)
| | - Mingkai Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qianfan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.)
| | - Shunli Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Y.S.); (Z.C.); (S.W.)
| | - Jingyong Jiang
- Institute of Horticulture, Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linhai 317000, China;
| | - Wei Zeng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Y.S.); (Z.C.); (S.W.)
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Zhang Y, Li X, Liu R, Huang X, Yang Y, Yuan J, Zhang Y, Sun J, Bai W. Protective effect of bioactive components from Rubi fructus against oxidative damage in human ovarian granulosa cells induced by 2,2-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:4425-4437. [PMID: 38349056 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diminished ovarian reserve has a serious impact on female reproduction with an increasing incidence every year. An important cause of this is oxidative stress. Rubi fructus, a traditional medicinal and edible plant, has shown therapeutic effects against gynecological diseases. Vanillic acid, isoquercitrin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside, oleanolic acid, tormentic acid, tiliroside, and ellagic acid are the major bioactive components in R. fructus. However, studies involved in the effectiveness and mechanism of these components in oxidative stress-induced ovarian dysfunction are scarce. RESULTS In this study, the protective mechanisms of the bioactive components were evaluated in human ovarian granulosa cells. Isoquercitrin was significantly superior to other bioactive components in relieving damage in human ovarian granulosa cells induced by 2,2-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, considering enhanced cell viability, reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation, and improved mitochondrial membrane potential level. Isoquercitrin protected human ovarian granulosa cells from oxidative stress by regulating the enzyme activity of glutathione peroxidase, inhibiting cell apoptosis, improving the expression of genes related to oxidative stress, and ameliorating heme oxygenase 1 protein expression. CONCLUSION Isoquercitrin, a bioactive component in R. fructus, has a significant protective effect on oxidative damage induced by 2,2-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride in human ovarian granulosa cells, providing evidence for its potential application in protecting ovarian function. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruijing Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiting Yang
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Ying Zhang
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Bezerra M, Ribeiro M, Cosme F, Nunes FM. Overview of the distinctive characteristics of strawberry, raspberry, and blueberry in berries, berry wines, and berry spirits. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13354. [PMID: 38682687 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Red berries have gained popularity as functional and nutritious food due to their health benefits, leading to increased consumer demand and higher production, totaling over 11,000 ktons for strawberries, raspberries, and blueberries combined in 2021. Nutritionally, strawberries, raspberries, and blueberries present high levels of vitamin C (9.7-58.8 mg/100 g dry weight [dw]), folates (6-24 µg/100 g dw), and minerals (96-228 mg/100 g dw). Due to their perishable nature, producers have utilized alcoholic fermentation to extend their shelf life, not only increasing the lifespan of red berries but also attracting consumers through the production of novel beverages. Strawberry, blueberry, and raspberry wines possess low alcohol (5.5-11.1% v/v), high acidity (3.2-17.6 g/L), and interesting bioactive molecules such as phenolic compounds, carotenoids, polysaccharides, and melatonin. Distillation holds tremendous potential for reducing food waste by creating red berry spirits of exceptional quality. Although research on red berry spirits is still in the early stages, future studies should focus on their production and characterization. By incorporating these factors, the production chain would become more sustainable, profitable, and efficient by reducing food waste, capitalizing on consumer acceptance, and leveraging the natural health-promoting characteristics of these products. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the characteristics of strawberry, blueberry, and red raspberry in berries, wines, and spirits, with a focus on their chemical composition and production methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Bezerra
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Miguel Ribeiro
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Genetics and Biotechnology Department, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Cosme
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Biology and Environment Department, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernando M Nunes
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Department, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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Xu M, Zhong W, Yang C, Liu M, Yuan X, Lu T, Li D, Zhang G, Liu H, Zeng Y, Yang X, Zhou Y, Zhou L. Tiliroside disrupted iron homeostasis and induced ferroptosis via directly targeting calpain-2 in pancreatic cancer cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155392. [PMID: 38412575 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tiliroside (TIL) is a flavonoid compound that exists in a variety of edible plants. These dietary plants are widely used as food and medicine to treat various diseases. However, the effect of TIL on pancreatic cancer (PC) and its underlying mechanisms are unclear. PURPOSE This study aims to reveal the anti-PC effect of TIL and clarify its mechanism. METHODS The inhibitory effects of TIL on PC growth were studied both in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, biochemical analyses, RT-qPCR, genetic ablation, and western blotting were employed to evaluate ferroptosis, autophagy, and iron regulation. Additionally, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), biomolecular layer interferometry (BLI), and molecular simulation analysis were combined to identify TIL molecular targets. The clinicopathological significance of Calpain-2 (CAPN2) was determined through immunohistochemistry (IHC) on a PC tissue microarray. RESULTS Herein, we showed that TIL was an effective anti-PC drug. CAPN2 was involved in the TIL - induced elevation of the labile iron pool (LIP) in PC cells. TIL directly bound to and inhibited CAPN2 activity, resulting in AKT deactivation and decreased expression of glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT3) in PC cells. Consequently, TIL impaired ATP and NADPH generation, inducing autophagy and ROS production. The accumulation of TIL-induced ROS combined with LIP iron causes the Fenton reaction, leading to lipid peroxidation. Meanwhile, TIL-induced reduction of free iron ions promoted autophagic degradation of ferritin to regulate cellular iron homeostasis, which further exacerbated the death of PC cells by ferroptosis. As an extension of these in vitro findings, our murine xenograft study showed that TIL inhibited the growth of PANC-1 cells. Additionally, we showed that CAPN2 expression levels were related to clinical prognoses in PC patients. CONCLUSION We identify TIL as a potent bioactive inhibitor of CAPN2 and an anti-PC candidate of natural origin. These findings also highlight CAPN2 as a potential target for PC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolei Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Weilan Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China; The Third Peoples Hospital of Qingdao, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong, 266400, PR China
| | - Chen Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Desheng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Guanqing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Huan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Yuying Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China
| | - Yufu Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Rd. Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Ling Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China.
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Wang Y, Guan J, Zhang Q. Chromosome-scale genome, together with transcriptome and metabolome, provides insights into the evolution and anthocyanin biosynthesis of Rubus rosaefolius Sm. (Rosaceae). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae064. [PMID: 38689697 PMCID: PMC11060340 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Rubus rosaefolius is a kind of red raspberry possessing high nutritional and pharmaceutical value. Here we present a chromosome-level draft genome of R. rosaefolius. Of the total 131 assembled scaffolds, 70 with a total size of 219.02 Mb, accounting for 99.33% of the estimated genome size, were anchored to seven pseudochromosomes. We traced a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event shared among members of the Rosaceae family, from which were derived 5090 currently detectable duplicated gene pairs (dgps). Of the WGD-dgps 75.09% underwent purifying selection, and approximately three-quarters of informative WGD-dgps expressed their two paralogs with significant differences. We detected a wide variety of anthocyanins in the berries of R. rosaefolius, and their total concentration remained relatively stable during berry development but increased rapidly during the ripening stage, mainly because of the contributions of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)glucoside. We identified many structural genes that encode enzymes, such as RrDFR, RrF3H, RrANS, and RrBZ1, and play key roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis. The expression of some of these genes significantly increased or decreased with the accumulation of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)glucoside. We also identified some transcription factors and specific methylase-encoding genes that may play a role in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis by targeting structural genes. In conclusion, our findings provide deeper insights into the genomic evolution and molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin biosynthesis in berries of R. rosaefolius. This knowledge may significantly contribute to the targeted domestication and breeding of Rubus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Wang
- School of Health and Life Science, Kaili University, Kaili city, Guizhou Province 566011, China
| | - Jiyuan Guan
- Botanic Garden of Guizhou Province, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550081, China
| | - Qunying Zhang
- Botanic Garden of Guizhou Province, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550081, China
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Wu M, Lyu Y, Xu H, Luo H, Yin X, Zheng H. Raspberry polysaccharides attenuate hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress in diet-induced obese mice by enhancing butyrate-mediated intestinal barrier function. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130007. [PMID: 38340928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and associated liver diseases are becoming global public health challenges. Raspberry (Rubus chingii Hu.), as a medicine food homology plant, possesses a series of health-promoting properties, but its protective effect on obesity-related liver injury and the potential mechanisms remain obscure. Herein high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were orally treated with raspberry polysaccharides (RCP) for 14 weeks. Treatment with RCP alleviated obesity and associated symptoms including hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, endotoxemia, as well as hepatic inflammation and oxidant stress in HFD-induced obese mice. RCP restructured the gut microbiota and host metabolism especially by increasing the levels of Dubosiella and its metabolite butyrate. Besides, exogenous butyrate supplementation protected against intestinal barrier disruption, and thereby reduced inflow of lipopolysaccharide and mitigated inflammation and oxidative injury in the liver of obese mice. Therefore, we suggest that RCP can be utilized as a novel prebiotics to improve obesity-induced hepatic oxidative injury by enhancing butyrate-mediated intestinal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yuxin Lyu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hangying Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hanqi Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaoli Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Yu JD, Wang JY, Liu JY, Xu YC, Zhang X, Du J, Wu XH, Chen L, Wu YC, Li YM. Ent-labdane-type diterpene glycosides obtained from Rubus chingii Hu and their inhibitory effects on PDE5A activity. Fitoterapia 2024; 173:105780. [PMID: 38135092 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 16 new ent-labdane-type diterpene glycosides, designated as goshonosides J1-J16 (1-16), along with nine previously known diterpene glycosides (17-25) were extracted from the fruits of Rubus chingii Hu. The structures of goshonosides J1-J16 were elucidated using various analytical techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance, electron capture detector ECD, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry HREIMS, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and hydrolysis. Furthermore, the isolates' efficacy in inhibiting the activity of phosphodiesterase type 5 A was evaluated. Goshonosides J1, J2, and G effectively inhibited the activity of the aforementioned enzyme (IC50 values: 6.15 ± 1.76, 3.27 ± 0.65, and 9.61 ± 2.36 μM, respectively). Our findings highlight the remarkable structural diversity of bioactive compounds in R. chingii Hu and offer insights into the use of this shrub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Dong Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing-Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Ye-Chun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jun Du
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wu
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ying-Chun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Huang Y, Hu J, Xia Q, Tang M, Wang Y, Wang G, Shao X, Yuan H, Li S, Huang P, Peng C, Guo J, Gui S. Amelioration of obesity and inflammation by polysaccharide from unripe fruits of raspberry via gut microbiota regulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129825. [PMID: 38309402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Raspberry, a traditional medicine food homology species, has important benefits in patients with metabolic syndrome. However, the mechanism of raspberry polysaccharides (RP) on obesity remains unclear. In our study, we showed that RP intervention is negatively associated with body weight gain, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and fat accumulation in obese mice. RP ameliorated HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, produced short-chain fatty acids, maintained intestinal barrier integrity, and prevented metabolic endotoxemia, manifested by decreased host lipopolysaccharide level, and increased colon expression of tight junction proteins. These effects might be related with driven by a SCFAs-producing bacterium and downregulation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling transduction. Notably, the abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG - 014, Lactobacillus taiwanensis, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, and Turicibacter are markedly correlated with enhanced intestinal barrier function induced by RP treatment. Thus, we believe that RP could be as a potential health supplement or prebiotic for obesity therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhe Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Qijun Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Maomao Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Yuxiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Guichun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Xinyuan Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Shuhan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Chengjun Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China..
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11
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Zhou Z, Liu F, Xu Y, Hu W. Genetic Diversity Analysis and Core Germplasm Construction of Rubus chingii Hu. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:618. [PMID: 38475465 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Rubus chingii Hu is the only species that is used for both edible and medicinal purposes among the 194 species of the genus Rubus in China. It is well known for its sweet and sour fresh fruits that are rich in vitamins and for its dried immature fruits that are used to treat kidney-related ailments. This study aims to evaluate genetic diversity and population structure and build a core germplasm repository of 132 R. chingii accessions from the provinces of Jiangxi and Fujian, using Hyper-seq-derived single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. This is the first genetic study of R. chingii based on SNP molecular markers, and a total of 1,303,850 SNPs and 433,159 insertions/deletions (InDels) were identified. Low values for observed heterozygosity, nucleotide diversity (Pi) and fixation indexes (Fis) indicated low genetic diversity within populations, and an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 37.4% and 62.6% of the variations were found between populations and within samples, respectively. Four main clusters were identified by means of neighbor-joining (NJ) trees, the ADMIXTURE program and principal component analysis (PCA). Based on the genetic diversity, we finally constructed 38 representative core collections, representing 50% of the total core germplasm samples and 95.3% of the genotypes. In summary, the results of our study can provide valuable information on the genetic structure of R. chingii germplasm resources, which is helpful for further explorations of potential high-quality genes and for formulating future breeding and conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, China
| | - Yanqin Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Weiming Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
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12
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Chen Z, Shen D, Shi Y, Chen Y, He H, Jiang J, Wang F, Jiang J, Wang X, Li X, Zeng W. Genome-Wide Identification of Expansins in Rubus chingii and Profiling Analysis during Fruit Ripening and Softening. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:431. [PMID: 38337963 PMCID: PMC10857257 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Improving fruit size or weight, firmness, and shelf life is a major target for horticultural crop breeding. It is associated with the depolymerization and rearrangement of cell components, including pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose, and other structural (glyco)proteins. Expansins are structural proteins to loosen plant cell wall polysaccharides in a pH-dependent manner and play pivotal roles in the process of fruit development, ripening, and softening. Rubus chingii Hu, a unique Chinese red raspberry, is a prestigious pharmaceutical and nutraceutical dual-function food with great economic value. Thirty-three RchEXPs were predicted by genome-wide identification in this study, containing twenty-seven α-expansins (EXPAs), three β-expansins (EXPBs), one expansin-like A (EXPLA), and two expansin-like B (EXPLBs). Subsequently, molecular characteristics, gene structure and motif compositions, phylogenetic relationships, chromosomal location, collinearity, and regulatory elements were further profiled. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and real-time quantitative PCR assays of fruits from different developmental stages and lineages showed that the group of RchEXPA5, RchEXPA7, and RchEXPA15 were synergistically involved in fruit expanding and ripening, while another group of RchEXPA6 and RchEXPA26 might be essential for fruit ripening and softening. They were regulated by both abscisic acid and ethylene and were collinear with phylogenetic relationships in the same group. Our new findings laid the molecular foundation for improving the fruit texture and shelf life of R. chingii medicinal and edible fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Z.C.); (D.S.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Danwei Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Z.C.); (D.S.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Yujie Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Z.C.); (D.S.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Yiquan Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Z.C.); (D.S.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Honglian He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Z.C.); (D.S.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Junfeng Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Z.C.); (D.S.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Fan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Z.C.); (D.S.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Jingyong Jiang
- Institute of Horticulture, Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linhai 317000, China;
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Z.C.); (D.S.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaobai Li
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultral Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (Z.C.); (D.S.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
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13
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Qian C, Li H, Hou Z, Liang Z. Effects of different drying methods on Rubus chingii Hu fruit during processing. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24512. [PMID: 38312685 PMCID: PMC10835160 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the dried fruits of Rubus chingii Hu (Chinese name: Fu-Pen-Zi; FPZ) were processed and dried by three methods-in the shade, the sun, and the oven. The composition regarding the standard ingredient, color, and antioxidant capacities were investigated pro- and post-processing. The technique of headspace-solid-phase-microextraction-gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and flavoromics were used to analyze the flavor-conferring metabolites of FPZ. The results obtained revealed that the highest use value and antioxidant capacities were detected in the FPZ fruits processed and dried in the shade. A total of 358 metabolites were detected from them mainly consisting of terpenoids, heterocyclic compounds, and esters. In differential analysis, the down-regulation of the metabolites was much greater than their up-regulation after all three drying methods. In an evaluation of the characteristic compounds and flavors produced after the three methods, there were variations mainly regarding the green and fruity odors. Therefore, considerable insights may be obtained for the development of novel agricultural methods and applications in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries by analyzing and comparing the variations in the chemical composition detected pre- and post-processing of the FPZ fruits. This paper provides a scientific basis for quality control in fruits and their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Qian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hongfa Li
- Hanguang Primary Processing Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 311700, China
| | - Zhuoni Hou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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14
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Wang T, Yang J, Huang Z, Wang F, Liu R, Liu Y, Li X. Integrated 16s RNA sequencing and network pharmacology to explore the effects of polyphenol-rich raspberry leaf extract on weight control. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1306037. [PMID: 38260083 PMCID: PMC10800909 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1306037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity is recognized as a chronic low-grade inflammation associated with intestinal flora imbalance, leading to dyslipidemia and inflammation. Modern research has found that polyphenols have anti-obesity effects. However, the mechanism of action of raspberry leaf extract (RLE) with high polyphenols in regulating obesity is still unknown. This study investigated the improvement effect of supplementing RLE on high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity in mice. Methods RLE was used to intervene in HFD induced C57BL/6J male mice during prevention stage (1-16 weeks) and treatment stage (17-20 weeks). Their weight changes and obesity-related biochemical indicators were measured. The changes in intestinal flora were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and finally the targets and pathways of the 7 typical polyphenols (quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, ellagic acid, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, chlorogenic acid, brevifolin carboxylic acid, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, and quercetin) of RLE in the regulation of obesity were predicted by network pharmacology approach. Results and discussion The results showed that RLE effectively prevented and treated weight gain in obese mice induced by HFD, alleviated adipocyte hypertrophy, reduced Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha levels, and improved intestinal flora, especially Muriaculaceae, Alistipes and Alloprevotella, and decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio. Network pharmacology analysis selected 60 common targets for 7 RLE polyphenols and obesity. Combined with protein-protein interaction network, enrichment analysis and experimental results, TNF, IL-6, AKT1, and PPAR were predicted as potential key targets for RLE polyphenols. Conclusion The potential mechanism by which polyphenol-rich RLE regulates obesity may be attributed to the specific polyphenols of RLE and their synergistic effects, therefore RLE has a great anti-obesity potential and may be used as a means to alleviate obesity and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Dezhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of North University of China, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Dezhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of North University of China, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Ziang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Dezhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of North University of China, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Wang
- The Hospital of North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruzi Liu
- Dezhou Yongshengzhai Braised Chicken Group Co., Ltd., Dezhou, Shangdong, China
| | - Yongping Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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15
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Chen C, Liu Y, Shen Y, Zhu L, Yao L, Wang X, Zhang A, Li J, Wu J, Qin L. Rosmarinic acid, the active component of Rubi Fructus, induces apoptosis of SGC-7901 and HepG2 cells through mitochondrial pathway and exerts anti-tumor effect. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3743-3755. [PMID: 37338574 PMCID: PMC10643355 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a well-known phenolic acid widely present in over 160 species of herbal plants and known to exhibit anti-tumor effects on breast, prostate, and colon cancers in vitro. However, its effect and mechanism in gastric cancer and liver cancer are unclear. Moreover, there is no RA report yet in the chemical constituents of Rubi Fructus (RF). In this study, RA was isolated from RF for the first time, and the effect and mechanism of RA on gastric and liver cancers were evaluated using SGC-7901 and HepG2 cells models. The cells were treated with different concentrations of RA (50, 75, and 100 μg/mL) for 48 h, and the effect of RA on cell proliferation was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay. The effect of RA on cell morphology and mobility was observed by inverted fluorescence microscopy, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins cytochrome C, cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 was detected by western blotting. The results revealed that, with an increase in the RA concentration, the cell viability, mobility, and Bcl-2 expression decreased, while the apoptosis rate, Bax, cytochrome C, and cleaved caspase-3 expression increased, and SGC-7901 and HepG2 cells could be induced to arrest their cell cycle in the G0/G1 and S phases, respectively. These results together indicate that RA can induce apoptosis of SGC-7901 and HepG2 cells through the mitochondrial pathway. Thus, this study supplements the material basis of the anti-tumor activity of RF and provides an insight into the potential mechanism of RA-inducing apoptosis of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells and liver cancer HepG2 cells, thereby facilitating further developmental studies on and the utilization of the anti-tumor activity of RF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlun Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Yilin Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Yi Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Lumeng Yao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Anna Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Jiao Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Luping Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
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16
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Li Y, Qiu Y, Yang M, Yin Y, Li M, Zhang Y. Characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of Rubus chingii Hu 1925 from the family Rosaceae. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2023; 8:1280-1284. [PMID: 38566881 PMCID: PMC10986437 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2023.2268220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Rubus chingii Hu 1925 is an important medicinal vine shrub in the Rosaceae family, widely distributed in China and Japan. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of R. chingii was sequenced and identified. The chloroplast genome was 155,563 bp in size with a total GC content of 37.06%. Two 25,749-bp inverted repeat (IRA and IRB) regions divided the genome as four sections, with the remainder forming a large single-copy (LSC, 85,322 bp) and a small single-copy (SSC, 18,743 bp) regions. This genome contained a total of 131 genes, of which 86 were protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis showed that R. chingii, along with several other R. longisepalus, R. tsangii, R. hirsutus, R. taiwanicola, R. rubroangustifolius, and R. glandulosopunctatus, formed the monophylic group. Interestingly, the chloroplast genome structure we reported was different from the previously reported structure and provided richer phylogenetic analysis information in the Rubus genus compared to previous studies. The genome information reported in this paper will provide some useful information for further investigation on the evolution of the family Rosaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxian Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Ying Qiu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Min Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yongfei Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, PR China
| | - Min Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, PR China
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17
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Hua Y, Dai B, Luo Y, Ding Y. Integrated analysis of multiple metabolome and transcriptome revealed the accumulation of flavonoids and associated molecular regulation mechanisms in Rubus chingii Hu at different developmental stages. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108085. [PMID: 37847976 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The traditional Chinese herb Rubus chingii Hu (R. chingii) is widely used in clinical practice due to its beneficial effects. Flavonoids are the important class of pharmacological substances in R. chingii, however, the molecular mechanism underlying the differences in active flavonoid contents in R. chingii at different developmental stages remain poorly understood. In this experiment, we selected four developmental stages (GG, GY, YR, RR) of R. chingii as the research material. We studied the untargeted and targeted metabolic profiles of flavonoids in different periods of R. chingii, combining full-length and comparative transcriptome analyses. Functional analyses were conducted on genes implicated in flavonoid differences. GG and RR displayed relatively higher and lower contents of flavonols, flavones, flavanols, flavanones, and isoflavonoid, respectively. RNA-seq analyses showed structural genes such as RcPAL, RcC4H, Rc4CL, RcCHS, RcCHI, RcF3H, RcF3'H, and RcFLS in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were upregulated in GG, which were essential for the accumulation flavanones, flavones, and flavonols (effective components). qRT-PCR analyses investigated that six structural genes RcCHI, RcF3H, 2 RcCHS, and 2 Rc4CL, two TFs RcMYB308 and RcMYB123 had a consistent expression pattern with which in transcriptome. Also, an interaction network showed that the RcMYB308 could positively regulate Ka3R, Qu, Qu3G, AS, Hy, Ti through RcF3H. Furthermore, Subcellular localization analysis revealed that RcMYB308 was localization to the nucleus. In tobacco, RcMYB308 was overexpressed, resulting in higher flavonoids, RcF3H, RcF3'H, RcCHI, and RcFLS. RcMYB308 upregulated RcF3H in dual-luciferase assays. These results provide new insights for further understanding the molecular mechanism regulating flavonol biosynthesis in R. chingii fruit, and also provide a potential MYB regulator for molecular breeding of R. chingii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Hua
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China.
| | - Bingyi Dai
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China.
| | - Yiyuan Luo
- Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315500, China.
| | - Yongjuan Ding
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China.
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Wang J, Zhang X, Yu J, Du J, Wu X, Chen L, Wang R, Wu Y, Li Y. Constituents of the fruits of Rubus chingii Hu and their neuroprotective effects on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113255. [PMID: 37803568 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Rubi fructus (Rubus chingii Hu) is a fruit of Rubus genus and is used in medicine and food applications. In this study, eight new phenylpropanoids (1-8) and seven known compounds (9-15) were isolated from the dried fruits of Rubus chingii Hu, and their structures were characterized through high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) experiments were performed, and the results were compared with ECD spectra. Compound 3 was characterized through extensive single crystal X-ray diffraction. Evaluation of the neuroprotective pharmacological activities revealed that compounds 6, 7, 9, and 14 exerted protective effects against H2O2-induced neurotoxicity by reducing the reactive oxygen species levels at concentrations of 50 and 100 μM. Moreover, the three compounds 6, 9, and 14 significantly inhibited the expression of the Casp3 gene at a concentration of 50 μM. Compounds 7 and 9 effectively repressed the expression of the MYC gene. Compounds 6 and 9 obviously upregulated the ratio of Bcl2/Bax in SH-SY5Y cells and inhibited cell apoptosis. The study results can be used as a reference for the development of R. chingii products to realize their neuroprotective functions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd. Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jundong Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jun Du
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd. Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Amway (China) Botanical R&D Center Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214200, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd. Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yingchun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Bhatt SC, Naik B, Kumar V, Gupta AK, Kumar S, Preet MS, Sharma N, Rustagi S. Untapped potential of non-conventional rubus species: bioactivity, nutrition, and livelihood opportunities. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:114. [PMID: 37891607 PMCID: PMC10604922 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Rubus species holds promise as a valuable source of polyphenols and bioactive compounds, offering significant potential as functional food ingredients with both nutraceutical and pharmaceutical benefits. However, many edible species within this genus remain under-explored and their importance is largely unrecognized. This review aims to provide an overview of the nutritional and bioactive components of both explored and under-explored Rubus species, highlighting their potential health advantages, value addition, and recent advancements. The economic exploitation of Rubus is currently limited to a few cultivated species, while numerous non-conventional and wild edible species are overlooked. Recognizing the economic and nutritional significance of exploited Rubus species, it is imperative to explore the untapped potential of these underutilized plants. By doing so, these species can be preserved from endangerment and contribute to nutritional and livelihood security for communities having access to them. This review emphasizes the importance of understanding the exceptional characteristics of Rubus species as "superfoods" and encourages the promotion and cultivation of these unexplored species. By expanding the cultivation and utilization of under-explored Rubus species, we can unlock their full potential and support sustainable nutritional and economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Chandra Bhatt
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Bindu Naik
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, 248016, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Arun Kumar Gupta
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manpreet Singh Preet
- School of Agriculture, Graphic Era Hill University, Clement Town, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nitya Sharma
- World Resources Institute India, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- Department of Food Technology, UCALS, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Hua YJ, Xie F, Mao KJ, Luo YY, Ding YJ. Insights into the metabolite profiles of Rubus chingii Hu at different developmental stages of fruit. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300264. [PMID: 37353914 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
The fruits of Rubus chingii Hu have high medicinal and nutritional values. However, the metabolite profiles of R. chingii, especially the alterations during different development stages of fruit, have not been comprehensively analyzed, hindering the effective utilization of the unique species. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the metabolites of R. chingii fruit at four developmental stages using systematic untargeted and targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics analysis and identified 682 metabolites. Significant changes were observed in metabolite accumulation and composition in fruits during the different developmental stages. The contents of the index components, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and ellagic acid, were the highest in immature fruit. The analysis identified 64 differentially expressed flavonoids and 39 differentially expressed phenolic acids; the accumulation of most of these differentially expressed metabolites decreased with the developmental stages of fruit from immaturity to maturity. These results confirmed that the developmental stages of fruit are a critical factor in determining its secondary metabolite compositions. This study elucidated the metabolic profile of R. chingii fruit at different stages of development to understand the dynamic changes in metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jiao Hua
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Fen Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Kun-Jun Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Yuan Luo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Juan Ding
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
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Wang J, Xiao X, Zhou N, Zhao M, Lang S, Ren Q, Wang D, Fu H. Rubochingosides A - J, labdane-type diterpene glycosides from leaves of Rubus chingii. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 210:113670. [PMID: 37037403 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Ten previously undescribed labdane-type triterpenoids, rubochingosides A - J (1-10), were isolated from the leaves of Rubus chingii Hu. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods. The cytotoxicity of all isolated compounds was tested against five human tumor cell lines (Bel-7402, Caski, BGC-823, A2780, and HCT-116). Among them, compounds 4 and 8 showed cytotoxic activities against Bel-7402 and A2780 cells with IC50 values of 10.43 ± 0.51 and 29.03 ± 2.94 μM, respectively; Compound 8 exhibited cytotoxic activities against Bel-7402 and HCT-116 cells with IC50 values of 17.78 ± 1.54 and 26.23 ± 6.14 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Wang
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, China; Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Xiaowu Xiao
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, China
| | - Nian Zhou
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, China
| | - Minmin Zhao
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, China; Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Shuqin Lang
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, China; Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Qi Ren
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China; Jiangxi General Institute of Inspection, Testing and Certification, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330052, China.
| | - Huizheng Fu
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, China; Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
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Lei T, Huang J, Ruan H, Qian W, Fang Z, Gu C, Zhang N, Liang Y, Wang Z, Gao L, Wang Y. Competition between FLS and DFR regulates the distribution of flavonols and proanthocyanidins in Rubus chingii Hu. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1134993. [PMID: 36968391 PMCID: PMC10031046 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1134993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rubus chingii Hu is a berry plant of the genus Rubus of the Rosaceae family, which has high nutritional and medicinal value and is rich in flavonoids. Flavonol synthase (FLS) and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) compete for the common substrate dihydroflavonols to regulate the metabolic flux of flavonoids. However, the competition between FLS and DFR based on enzyme is rarely reported. Here, we isolated and identified two FLS genes (RcFLS1 and RcFLS2) and one DFR gene (RcDFR) from Rubus chingii Hu. RcFLSs and RcDFR were highly expressed in stems, leaves, and flowers, although the flavonol accumulation in these organs was significantly higher than that of proanthocyanidins (PAs). The recombinant RcFLSs demonstrated bifunctional activities via hydroxylation and desaturation at the C-3α position having a lower Michaelis constant (Km) for dihydroflavonols than RcDFR. We also found that a low concentration of flavonols could significantly inhibit RcDFR activity. To investigate the competitive relationship between RcFLSs and RcDFR, we used a prokaryotic expression system (E. coli) to co-express these proteins. The transgenic cells expressing recombinant proteins were incubated with substrates, and the reaction products were analyzed. Furthermore, two transient expression systems (tobacco leaves and strawberry fruits) and a stable genetic system (Arabidopsis thaliana) were used to co-express these proteins in vivo. The results showed that RcFLS1 was dominant in the competition with RcDFR. Our results demonstrated that the competition between FLS and DFR regulated the metabolic flux distribution of flavonols and PAs, which will be of great significance for the molecular breeding of Rubus plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lei
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
| | - Jun Huang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
| | - Haixiang Ruan
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
| | - Wei Qian
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
| | - Zhou Fang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
| | - Chunyang Gu
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
| | - Niuniu Zhang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
| | - Yaxuan Liang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
| | - Ziyun Wang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
| | - Liping Gao
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
| | - Yunsheng Wang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei Anhui, China
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Xiao SJ, Xu XK, Chen W, Xin JY, Yuan WL, Zu XP, Shen YH. Traditional Chinese medicine Euodiae Fructus: botany, traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and quality control. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 36790599 PMCID: PMC9931992 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Euodiae Fructus, referred to as "Wuzhuyu" in Chinese, has been used as local and traditional herbal medicines in many regions, especially in China, Japan and Korea, for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, headache, emesis, aphtha, dermatophytosis, dysentery, etc. Substantial investigations into their chemical and pharmacological properties have been performed. Recently, interest in this plant has been focused on the different structural types of alkaloids like evodiamine, rutaecarpine, dehydroevodiamine and 1-methyl-2-undecyl-4(1H)-quinolone, which exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities in preclinical models, such as anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cardiovascular disease, etc. This review summarizes the up-to-date and comprehensive information concerning the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology of Euodiae Fructus together with the toxicology and quality control, and discusses the possible direction and scope for future research on this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Xiao
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xi-Ke Xu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jia-Yun Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Wen-Lin Yuan
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xian-Peng Zu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yun-Heng Shen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Tao Y, Bao J, Zhu F, Pan M, Liu Q, Wang P. Ethnopharmacology of Rubus idaeus Linnaeus: A critical review on ethnobotany, processing methods, phytochemicals, pharmacology and quality control. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115870. [PMID: 36341819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rubus idaeus Linnaeus (RI) is a Chinese herbal medicine that has been widely used in China for a long time to reinforce the kidney, nourish the liver, improve vision, and arrest polyuria. AIM OF THE STUDY This work aims to evaluate the recent progress of the chemical composition, pharmacological activity, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and quality control and of Rubus idaeus, which focuses on the insufficiency of existing research and will shed light on future studies of Rubus idaeus. METHODS Literatures about "Rubus idaeus","Red raspberry" and "Fupenzi"are retrieved by browsing the database, such as Web of Science (http://www.webofknowledge.com/wos), Pubmed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), CNKI (http://www.cnki.net/), and Wanfang Data (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn). In addition, related textbooks and digital documents are interrogated to provide a holistic and critical review of the topic. The period of the literature covered from 1981 to 2022. RESULTS Approximately 194 compounds have been isolated from Rubus idaeus, which is rich in phenols, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, and fatty acids. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that Rubus idaeus exhibits many pharmacological activities, including hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic, anti-Alzheimer effect, anti-osteoporosis, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, anti-bacteria and skin care, etc. However, it is worth noting that most of the research is not associated with the conventional effect, such as reducing urination and treating opacity of the cornea. CONCLUSION The effectiveness of Rubus idaeus has been proved by its long-term clinical application. The research on the pharmacological activity of Rubus idaeus has flourished. In many pharmacological experiments, only the high-dose group can achieve the corresponding efficacy, so the efficacy of Rubus idaeus needs to be further interrogated. Meanwhile, the relationship between pharmacological activity and specific compounds of Rubus idaeus has not been clarified yet. Last but not least, studies involving toxicology and pharmacokinetics are very limited. Knowledge of bioavailability and toxicological behavior of Rubus idaeus can help understand the herb's pharmacodynamic and safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
| | - Jiaqi Bao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
| | - Fei Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
| | - Meiling Pan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
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25
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He B, Dai L, Jin L, Liu Y, Li X, Luo M, Wang Z, Kai G. Bioactive components, pharmacological effects, and drug development of traditional herbal medicine Rubus chingii Hu (Fu-Pen-Zi). Front Nutr 2023; 9:1052504. [PMID: 36698464 PMCID: PMC9868258 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1052504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Rubus chingii Hu (Chinese Raspberry), known as Fu-Pen-Zi in Chinese, a woody perennial plant of the genus Rubus in the Rosaceae family, has specific nutritional and medicinal values, which is considered food-medicine herb in China for thousands of years to treat impotence, premature ejaculation, enuresis, frequent urination, and other diseases. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the bioactive components, pharmacological effects, and drug development and utilization of Rubus chingii Hu, hoping to provide useful support for its further research and clinical application. The bioactive components in Rubus chingii Hu contain mainly terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic acids, polysaccharides, and steroids. The main pharmacological effects are their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor capacity on human health. Rubus chingii Hu is a very valuable food-medicine herb. The development of Rubus chingii Hu-related drugs is relatively single, which is limited to traditional Chinese medicine and prescriptions. Therefore, it is vital to pay interest to Rubus chingii Hu and its bioactive components in the future and extend its scientific application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beihui He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linghao Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minmin Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhian Wang
- Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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26
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Liu Z, Mi Z, Han N, Zhai J, Li S, Yin J. Diterpenoid glucosides with anti-inflammatory activity from Rubi Fructus. Fitoterapia 2023; 164:105325. [PMID: 36448845 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
For centuries, dried unripe fruits of Rubus chingii Hu (Chinese name "Fu-pen-zi") have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various diseases, commonly associated with kidney deficiency. Rubi Fructus is an edible berry suitable for consumption either directly or in the form of juice and jam. The phytochemical investigation focused on the bioactive non-nutrient ingredient from the fruit of R. chingii, especially diterpenoid compounds. Seven diterpenoid glucosides, including three new (1-3) and four known (4-7) compounds, were obtained from the fruits of R. chingii. The structures along with the absolute configurations of the new compounds were determined by extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7 showed anti-inflammatory activity against LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Further, the preliminary structure-activity relationships of these active compounds have been scientifically evaluated and discussed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenru Mi
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Na Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianxiu Zhai
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sikai Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
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Saeed A. Antibacterial effect of Rubus chingii flower extract against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Bioinformation 2022; 18:938-942. [PMID: 37654834 PMCID: PMC10465780 DOI: 10.6026/97320630018938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Rubus chingii is a well reputed member of Chinese traditional medicine system and is used for managing different ailments since historic times. The present report elucidates the growth impeding effect of R. chingii flower extract against multidrug resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. The extracts were prepared using standard Soxhlet extraction method using ethanol, methanol and acetone as a solvent. The extracts were further subjected to agar streak method and the stains that showed their sensitivity were further evaluated for minimum inhibitor concentration (MIC) assessment through TCC method. Subsequently the MIC was further used for well diffusion assay. All the strains used in the study showed their sensitivity towards R. chingii flowers extract in respective solvents. Highest antibacterial activity was seen against E. coli. and S. aureus whereas the lowest activity was recorded against K. pneumoniae. Thus the study reported herewith provided an insight into the antibacterial efficacy of R. chingii flower extract against MDR E. coli., S. aureus and K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Saeed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, UAE
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Medical Sciences & Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
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Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effect of Rubus chingii Leaf Extract against Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma A549 Cells. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubus chingii is a traditional Chinese medicinal herbal that has been used since ancient times for its great dietary and medicinal values. Recent reports have underscored the promising cytotoxic effect of R. chingii extracts against a wide variety of cancer cells. Therefore, in the current study, we aim to explore the anticancer potential of the Rubus chingii ethanolic leaf extract (RcL-EtOH) against non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. RcL-EtOH efficiently exerted a cytotoxic effect against A549 cells in a dose dependent manner, whilst, it exhibited non-significant toxic effects on normal murine macrophage cells, signifying its safety against normal cells. The reduced viability of A549 cells was reaffirmed by the acridine orange/ethidium bromide double staining, which confirmed the induction of apoptosis in RcL-EtOH-treated A549 cells. In addition, RcL-EtOH instigated the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) with mutual escalation in ROS generation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, RcL-EtOH increased caspase-3, caspase-9 levels in A549 cells post-exposure to RcL-EtOH, which was concomitantly followed by altered mRNA expression of apoptotic (anti-apoptotic: Bcl-2, BclXL; pro-apoptotic: Bax, Bad). To sum up, the RcL-EtOH-instigated apoptotic cell death within A549 cells was assumed to be accomplished via targeting mitochondria, triggering increased ROS generation, with subsequent activation of caspase cascade and altering the expression of gene regulating apoptosis. Collectively, RcL-EtOH might represent a plausible therapeutic option for the management of lung cancer.
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Rapid Identification of Fupenzi (Rubus chingii Hu) and Its Adulteration by AuNP Visualization. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6278549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fupenzi (Rubus chingii Hu) is a dried and immature fruit in East China, which has effects of nourishing kidneys, solidifying essence, and otherwise. Because Fupenzi was often adulterated and replaced with inferior things, this paper had researched Fupenzi and its adulterant raspberry. A new type of visible sensor was constructed by using Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), which was modified by the surface-active agent and combined with the ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrum technology. It was found that the change in particle size after the interaction of AuNPs and adulterants will lead to color change. In this paper, the RGB (red, green, and blue) values of the solution were extracted to correlate the color with the concentration of adulterants, and the relationship between the absorption peak intensity and the concentration of adulterants was established. The results showed that the intensity of an absorption peak is related to adulteration concentration, and the color of the solution changed from red to gray as the particle size changed. The visual sensor constructed based on the above principle is a fast and precise method to detect adulteration with different concentrations, which has a potential application value in real-time and rapid detection of Fupenzi’s quality.
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Meng Q, Manghwar H, Hu W. Study on Supergenus Rubus L.: Edible, Medicinal, and Phylogenetic Characterization. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1211. [PMID: 35567211 PMCID: PMC9102695 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rubus L. is one of the most diverse genera belonging to Rosaceae; it consists of more than 700 species with a worldwide distribution. It thus provides an ideal natural "supergenus" for studying the importance of its edible, medicinal, and phylogenetic characteristics for application in our daily lives and fundamental scientific studies. The Rubus genus includes many economically important species, such as blackberry (R. fruticosus L.), red raspberry (R. ideaus L.), black raspberry (R. occidentalis L.), and raspberry (R. chingii Hu), which are widely utilized in the fresh fruit market and the medicinal industry. Although Rubus species have existed in human civilization for hundreds of years, their utilization as fruit and in medicine is still largely inadequate, and many questions on their complex phylogenetic relationships need to be answered. In this review, we briefly summarize the history and progress of studies on Rubus, including its domestication as a source of fresh fruit, its medicinal uses in pharmacology, and its systematic position in the phylogenetic tree. Recent available evidence indicates that (1) thousands of Rubus cultivars were bred via time- and labor-consuming methods from only a few wild species, and new breeding strategies and germplasms were thus limited; (2) many kinds of species in Rubus have been used as medicinal herbs, though only a few species (R. ideaus L., R. chingii Hu, and R. occidentalis L.) have been well studied; (3) the phylogeny of Rubus is very complex, with the main reason for this possibly being the existence of multiple reproductive strategies (apomixis, hybridization, and polyploidization). Our review addresses the utilization of Rubus, summarizing major relevant achievements and proposing core prospects for future application, and thus could serve as a useful roadmap for future elite cultivar breeding and scientific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Meng
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, China; (Q.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Hakim Manghwar
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, China; (Q.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Weiming Hu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, China; (Q.M.); (H.M.)
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Zhao W, Wang L, Chuai P, Wang R, Su Y, Yang R. The effects of cold pectinase maceration and pulp juice fermentation on physicochemical properties of raspberry wine. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan 030051 Shanxi China
| | - Limin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan 030051 Shanxi China
| | - Pengbo Chuai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan 030051 Shanxi China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan 030051 Shanxi China
| | - Yusha Su
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan 030051 Shanxi China
| | - Runlu Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan 030051 Shanxi China
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32
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Su X, Zhao M, Fu X, Ma X, Xu W, Hu S. Immunomodulatory activity of purified polysaccharides from Rubus chingii Hu fruits in lymphocytes and its molecular mechanisms. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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33
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Huo Y, Zhao X, Zhao J, Kong X, Li L, Yuan T, Xu J. Hypoglycemic effects of Fu-Pen-Zi (Rubus chingii Hu) fruit extracts in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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34
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Desmiaty Y, Hanafi M, Saputri FC, Elya B, Rifai EA, Syahdi RR. Two triterpenoids from Rubus fraxinifolius leaves and their tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activities. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20452. [PMID: 34650166 PMCID: PMC8516952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous therapeutic compounds have been isolated from naturally abundant organic resources, which may offer economical and sustainable sources of compounds with safe and efficacious biological activities. In the cosmetics industry, natural compounds with anti-aging activities are eagerly sought. Thus, we prepared various extracts from Rubus fraxinifolius leaves and used enzyme inhibition assays to isolate compounds with protective effects against skin aging. Two triterpenoids were isolated from Rubus fraxinifolius Poir. leaves. The structures were characterized by spectroscopic analyses (LC-ESI-MS, 1D/2D NMR) and comparison to reported data. Compound 1 and 2 were determined as 2,3-O-ethyleneglycol, 19-hydroxyurs-12-en-23,28-dioic acid and 2,3-O-propanediol,19-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid. Methanol extract and isolates were assessed for their inhibitory effects on elastase and tyrosinase. Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited elastase with IC50 122.199 µg/mL and 98.22 µg/mL, and also inhibited tyrosinase with IC50 207.79 µg/mL and 221.51 µg/mL, respectively. The molecular docking proved that both compounds have affinities toward the enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesi Desmiaty
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Hanafi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Research Centre for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Berna Elya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.
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35
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Chen Z, Jiang J, Shu L, Li X, Huang J, Qian B, Wang X, Li X, Chen J, Xu H. Combined transcriptomic and metabolic analyses reveal potential mechanism for fruit development and quality control of Chinese raspberry (Rubus chingii Hu). PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:1923-1946. [PMID: 34333679 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Combined transcriptomic and metabolic analyses reveal that fruit of Rubus chingii Hu launches biosynthesis of phenolic acids and flavonols at beginning of fruit set and then coordinately accumulated or converted to their derivatives. Rubus chingii Hu (Chinese raspberry) is an important dual functional food with nutraceutical and pharmaceutical values. Comprehensively understanding the mechanisms of fruit development and bioactive components synthesis and regulation could accelerate genetic analysis and molecular breeding for the unique species. Combined transcriptomic and metabolic analyses of R. chingii fruits from different developmental stages, including big green, green-to-yellow, yellow-to-orange, and red stages, were conducted. A total of 89,188 unigenes were generated and 57,545 unigenes (64.52%) were annotated. Differential expression genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were mainly involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The fruit launched the biosynthesis of phenolic acids and flavonols at the very beginning of fruit set and then coordinately accumulated or converted to their derivatives. This was tightly regulated by expressions of the related genes and MYB and bHLH transcription factors. The core genes products participated in the biosynthesis of ellagic acid (EA) and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (K-3-R), such as DAHPS, DQD/SDH, PAL, 4CL, CHS, CHI, F3H, F3'H, FLS, and UGT78D2, and their corresponding metabolites were elaborately characterized. Our research reveals the molecular and chemical mechanisms of the fruit development of R. chingii. The results provide a solid foundation for the genetic analysis, functional genes isolation, fruit quality improvement and modifiable breeding of R. chingii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingyong Jiang
- Institute of Horticulture, Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linhai, 317000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangzuo Shu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobai Li
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoying Qian
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangxia Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, 1139 Civic Road, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haidan Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, People's Republic of China
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36
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Yang J, Hao Y, Li N, Wang C, Liu Y. Metabolic and microbial modulation of phenolic compounds from raspberry leaf extract under
in vitro
digestion and fermentation. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan Shanxi 030051 China
- Dezhou Graduate School North University of China Dezhou Shandong 253034 China
| | - Yuxin Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan Shanxi 030051 China
| | - Nana Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan Shanxi 030051 China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan Shanxi 030051 China
| | - Yongping Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China Taiyuan Shanxi 030051 China
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37
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Wang L, Lei T, Han G, Yue J, Zhang X, Yang Q, Ruan H, Gu C, Zhang Q, Qian T, Zhang N, Qian W, Wang Q, Pang X, Shu Y, Gao L, Wang Y. The chromosome-scale reference genome of Rubus chingii Hu provides insight into the biosynthetic pathway of hydrolyzable tannins. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1466-1477. [PMID: 34174125 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Rubus chingii Hu (Fu-Pen-Zi), a perennial woody plant in the Rosaceae family, is a characteristic traditional Chinese medicinal plant because of its unique pharmacological effects. There are abundant hydrolyzable tannin (HT) components in R. chingii that provide health benefits. Here, an R. chingii chromosome-scale genome and related functional analysis provide insights into the biosynthetic pathway of HTs. In total, sequence data of 231.21 Mb (155 scaffolds with an N50 of 8.2 Mb) were assembled into seven chromosomes with an average length of 31.4 Mb, and 33 130 protein-coding genes were predicted, 89.28% of which were functionally annotated. Evolutionary analysis showed that R. chingii was most closely related to Rubus occidentalis, from which it was predicted to have diverged 22.46 million years ago (Table S8). Comparative genomic analysis showed that there was a tandem gene cluster of UGT, carboxylesterase (CXE) and SCPL genes on chromosome 02 of R. chingii, including 11 CXE, eight UGT, and six SCPL genes, which may be critical for the synthesis of HTs. In vitro enzyme assays indicated that the proteins encoded by the CXE (LG02.4273) and UGT (LG02.4102) genes have tannin hydrolase and gallic acid glycosyltransferase functions, respectively. The genomic sequence of R. chingii will be a valuable resource for comparative genomic analysis within the Rosaceae family and will be useful for understanding the biosynthesis of HTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longji Wang
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Guomin Han
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Junyang Yue
- Horticulture College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xueru Zhang
- GrandOmics Biosciences, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Qi Yang
- GrandOmics Biosciences, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Haixiang Ruan
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Chunyang Gu
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Tao Qian
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Niuniu Zhang
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaojing Pang
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yue Shu
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Liping Gao
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yunsheng Wang
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
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38
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Li X, Jiang J, Chen Z, Jackson A. Transcriptomic, Proteomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Flavonoid Biosynthesis During Fruit Maturation in Rubus chingii Hu. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:706667. [PMID: 34447402 PMCID: PMC8384110 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.706667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Rubus chingii HU, is a medicinal and nutritious fruit, which is very rich in flavonoids. However, the biosynthesis of its flavonoids is poorly understood. This study examined flavonoids and the genes/proteins at four fruit ripening phases using LC-MS/MS and qPCR. Six major kinds of anthocyanins, primarily consisted of flavanol-anthocyanins, which differed in form or concentration from other Rubus species. In contrast to other known raspberries species, R. chingii had a decline in flavonoids during fruit ripening, which was due to down-regulation of genes and proteins involved in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis. Unexpectedly, anthocyanin also continuously decreased during fruit maturation. This suggests that anthocyanins are not responsible for the fruit's reddish coloration. Flavanol-anthocyanins were derived from the proanthocyanidin pathway, which consumed two flavonoid units both produced through the same upstream pathway. Their presence indicates a reduction in the potential biosynthesis of anthocyanin production. Also, the constantly low expression of RchANS gene resulted in low levels of anthocyanin biosynthesis. The lack of RchF3'5'H gene/protein hindered the production of delphinidin glycosides. Flavonoids primarily comprising of quercetin/kaempferol-glycosides were predominately located at fruit epidermal-hair and placentae. The proportion of receptacle/drupelets changes with the maturity of the fruit and may be related to a decrease in the content of flavonoids per unit mass as the fruit matures. The profile and biosynthesis of R. chingii flavonoids are unique to Rubus. The unique flavonol pathways of R. chingii could be used to broaden the genetic diversity of raspberry cultivars and to improve their fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobai Li
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Zhen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Aaron Jackson
- Independent Researcher, Stuttgart, AR, United States
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Xu W, Zhao M, Fu X, Hou J, Wang Y, Shi F, Hu S. Molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage immunomodulatory activity of Rubus chingii Hu polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:907-916. [PMID: 34242647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in macrophage activation by polysaccharides from the fruits of Rubus chingii Hu (RFPs). The results showed that RFPs enhanced pinocytic and phagocytic activity, promoted the expression and secretion of inflammatory factors (ROS, PTGS2, iNOS, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL2 and CXCL10), and boosted the expression of accessory and costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80, CD86, MHC-I and MHC-II). RNA-Seq analysis identified 2564 DEGs, 1710 GO terms and 101 KEGG pathways. TNF was identified as the core gene via analysis of pathway information integration and PPI network. The western blot analysis combined with functional verification assay confirmed that MAPK, NF-κB and Jak-STAT pathways were essential to RFPs-mediated macrophage activation. TLR2 was revealed to be the functional receptor and involved in the early recognition of RFPs. These results indicated that RFPs modulated macrophage immune response mainly through TLR2-dependent MAPK, NF-κB and Jak-STAT pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xinyu Fu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jing Hou
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fushan Shi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Songhua Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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40
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Zhou ZM, Yan DM, Wang YK, Zhang T, Xiao XR, Dai MY, Zhang SW, Liu HN, Li F. Discovery of quality markers in Rubus Chingii Hu using UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 203:114200. [PMID: 34146951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Raspberry, the fruit of Rubus Chingii Hu, has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to nourish kidney and strengthen Yang-qi. In order to determine the quality of raspberry, the quality markers (Q-markers) of raspberry that can improve renal function were investigated using UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS in this study. The results of serum pharmacochemistry indicated that six components rutin, ellagic acid, kaempferol-3-rutinoside, astragalin, tiliroside, and goshonoside F5 in raspberry were absorbed into rat blood. The HEK293 cells treated with cisplatin were used to evaluate the kidney-protecting activity of these absorbed components. All these components could markedly inhibit cell damage induced by cisplatin and restore the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) in the cells, suggesting that these components may be the Q-markers of raspberry. More importantly, except for ellagic acid, other five Q-markers in raspberries from Dexing of Jiangxi province were higher than those from most of other areas. It is well known that Dexing raspberry is the Dao-di herbs raspberry used in the clinic of Chinese Medicine, demonstrating that these components could be used as Q-markers of raspberry. This study provides a reliable and valuable method for quality evaluation of raspberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Meng Zhou
- Academician Workstation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; The Sub-Institute of Food and Agriculture Standardization of China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Dong-Mei Yan
- Academician Workstation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Yi-Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xue-Rong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Man-Yun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shou-Wen Zhang
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 33004, China.
| | - Hong-Ning Liu
- Academician Workstation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Laboratory of Metabolomics and Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China.
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Wan J, Wang XJ, Guo N, Wu XY, Xiong J, Zang Y, Jiang CX, Han B, Li J, Hu JF. Highly Oxygenated Triterpenoids and Diterpenoids from Fructus Rubi ( Rubus chingii Hu) and Their NF-kappa B Inhibitory Effects. Molecules 2021; 26:1911. [PMID: 33805414 PMCID: PMC8037097 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During a phytochemical investigation of the unripe fruits of Rubus chingii Hu (i.e., Fructus Rubi, a traditional Chinese medicine named "Fu-Pen-Zi"), a number of highly oxygenated terpenoids were isolated and characterized. These included nine ursane-type (1, 2, and 4-10), five oleanane-type (3, 11-14), and six cucurbitane-type (15-20) triterpenoids, together with five ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids (21-25). Among them, (4R,5R,8R,9R,10R,14S,17S,18S,19R,20R)-2,19α,23-trihydroxy-3-oxo-urs-1,12-dien-28-oic acid (rubusacid A, 1), (2R*,4S*,5R*,8R*,9R*,10R*,14S*,17S*, 18S*,19R*,20R*)-2α,19α,24-trihydroxy-3-oxo-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (rubusacid B, 2), (5R,8R,9R,10R, 14S,17R,18S,19S)-2,19α-dihydroxy-olean-1,12-dien-28-oic acid (rubusacid C, 3), and (3S,5S,8S,9R, 10S,13R,16R)-3α,16α,17-trihydroxy-ent-kaur-2-one (rubusone, 21) were previously undescribed. Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses. Compounds 1 and 3 are rare naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoids featuring a special α,β-unsaturated keto-enol (diosphenol) unit in ring A. Cucurbitacin B (15), cucurbitacin D (16), and 3α,16α,20(R),25-tetrahydroxy-cucurbita-5,23- dien-2,11,22-trione (17) were found to have remarkable inhibitory effects against NF-κB, with IC50 values of 0.08, 0.61, and 1.60 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wan
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; (J.W.); (X.-J.W.); (N.G.); (X.-Y.W.); (J.X.)
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; (J.W.); (X.-J.W.); (N.G.); (X.-Y.W.); (J.X.)
| | - Nan Guo
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; (J.W.); (X.-J.W.); (N.G.); (X.-Y.W.); (J.X.)
| | - Xi-Ying Wu
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; (J.W.); (X.-J.W.); (N.G.); (X.-Y.W.); (J.X.)
| | - Juan Xiong
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; (J.W.); (X.-J.W.); (N.G.); (X.-Y.W.); (J.X.)
| | - Yi Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Chun-Xiao Jiang
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Advance Study, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China;
| | - Bing Han
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; (J.W.); (X.-J.W.); (N.G.); (X.-Y.W.); (J.X.)
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Jin-Feng Hu
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; (J.W.); (X.-J.W.); (N.G.); (X.-Y.W.); (J.X.)
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Advance Study, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China;
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Kim JH, Kim YS, Kim TI, Li W, Mun JG, Jeon HD, Kee JY, Choi JG, Chung HS. Unripe Black Raspberry ( Rubus coreanus Miquel) Extract and Its Constitute, Ellagic Acid Induces T Cell Activation and Antitumor Immunity by Blocking PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111590. [PMID: 33147777 PMCID: PMC7693366 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubus coreanus Miquel (R. coreanus) is a unripen fruit of black raspberry native to eastern Asia. It is used as traditional oriental medicine and supplementary foods for centuries. Previous studies have shown that the R. coreanus extract (RCE) and its main constitute ellagic acid possess diverse biological activities. However, the effects of RCE on antitumor immunity and T cell function were not fully understood. The present study describes the anti-tumor effect of RCE in humanized PD-1 mice by blocking PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and pull down assay were performed to elucidate the binding properties of RCE in vitro. Cellular PD-1/PD-L1 blockade activities were measured by T cell receptor (TCR)-induced nuclear factor of activated T cells-luciferase activity in co-cultured cell models with PD-1/NFAT Jurkat and PD-L1/aAPC CHO-K1 cells. The in vivo efficacy of RCE was confirmed in humanized PD-1 mice bearing MC38 colorectal tumor. RCE and ellagic acid dose-dependently block the binding of PD-1 to PD-L1. Moreover, oral administration of RCE showed the potent anti-tumor activity similar to anti-PD-1 antibody. The present study suggests that RCE possesses potent anti-tumor effect via PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, and ellagic acid is the main compound in RCE. Thus, we provide new aspects of RCE as an immunotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (T.I.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Young Soo Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (T.I.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Tae In Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (T.I.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Wei Li
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (T.I.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Jeong-Geon Mun
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (J.-G.M.); (H.D.J.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Hee Dong Jeon
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (J.-G.M.); (H.D.J.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Ji-Ye Kee
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (J.-G.M.); (H.D.J.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Jang-Gi Choi
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (T.I.K.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: (J.-G.C.); (H.-S.C.); Tel.: +82-53-940-3865 (J.-G.C.); +82-53-940-3875 (H.-S.C.)
| | - Hwan-Suck Chung
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.H.K.); (Y.S.K.); (T.I.K.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: (J.-G.C.); (H.-S.C.); Tel.: +82-53-940-3865 (J.-G.C.); +82-53-940-3875 (H.-S.C.)
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Li R, Li ZL, Chen YP, Bu WQ, Ding WB, Yang B, Wang CF, Ma L, Jia XB, Feng L. The structural composition of components contributes to the superiority of the geoherb Alisma orientale for "diuresis and diffusing dampness". RSC Adv 2020; 10:39385-39395. [PMID: 35515416 PMCID: PMC9057405 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08469j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the intrinsic reasons for the superiority of the salt-made geoherb Alisma orientale via comparing the content of various components of the salt-made geoherb Alisma orientale. The effects of "diuresis and diffusing dampness" using salt-made Alisma orientale from seven different origins were investigated through pharmacodynamic experiments in vivo and in vitro. The results indicated that salt-made Alisma orientale from different origins had diuretic efficacy; this was demonstrated by the significant increase in the volume of rat urine, the concentration of Na+, K+, and Cl- in the urine, and the significant decrease in the levels of AQP-2 in rat renal medulla and HK-2 cells. It was also revealed that the diuretic effect of salt-made Alisma orientale from Fujian Province is stronger than those from other provinces. Moreover, the main components and their proportions in the salt-made Alisma orientale samples were further analyzed via principal component analysis. The results showed that alisol A 24-acetate, alisol B, and 23-acetyl alisol B are the main components of salt-made Alisma orientale, and the optimal structural ratio of alisol A 24-acetate, alisol B, and 23-acetyl alisol B was found to be 5.38 : 14.34 : 11.31 via optimizing the ratios of the three main components. It is worth noting that the optimal ratio of the three main components after optimization is the closest to the ratio of the three main components in salt-made Alisma orientale from Fujian Province. This paper reveals the "mystery" of the content ratio of the main active components and its effect on the efficacy, and showed that the proportional relationship between the content of multiple components is the key to their interactions. Therefore, this method of evaluating the quality of salt-made Alisma orientale is obviously reliable, and this study lays the foundations for quality evaluation of salt-made Alisma orientale and other herb slices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 P.R.China
| | - Zhi-Li Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 P.R.China
| | - Ya-Ping Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 P.R.China
| | - Wei-Quan Bu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu 210028 P.R. China
| | - Wen-Bo Ding
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu 210028 P.R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu 210028 P.R. China
| | - Chun-Fei Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu 210028 P.R. China
| | - Liang Ma
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu 210028 P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bin Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 P.R.China
| | - Liang Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 P.R.China
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Treatment of tibial dyschondroplasia with traditional Chinese medicines: "Lesson and future directions". Poult Sci 2020; 99:6422-6433. [PMID: 33248557 PMCID: PMC7704743 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a metabolic tibiotarsal bone disease in rapidly growing birds throughout the world, which is characterized by gait disorders, reduced growth, and in an unrecoverable lameness in many cases. The short production cycle in chickens, long metabolism cycle in most of the drugs with the severe drug residue, and high treatment cost severely restrict the enthusiasm for the treatment of TD. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for the prevention, treatment, and cure of avian bone diseases. Previously, a couple of traditional Chinese medicines has been reported being useful in treating TD. This review will discuss the TCM used in TD and the alternative TCM to treat TD. Selecting a TCM approach and its pharmacologic effects on TD chickens mainly focused on the differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis of chondrocytes, angiogenesis, matrix metabolism, oxidative damage, cytokines, and calcification of cartilage in tibia.
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