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Satheesan A, Kumar J, Leela KV, Murugesan R, Chaithanya V, Angelin M. Review on the role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway in diabetes: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01556-2. [PMID: 39160391 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01556-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the pivotal role of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications, highlighting the therapeutic potential of various oral hypoglycemic drugs targeting this pathway. NLRP3 inflammasome activation, triggered by metabolic stressors like hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and free fatty acids (FFAs), leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18, driving insulin resistance, pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. These processes contribute to diabetic complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Here we discuss the various transcriptional, epigenetic, and gut microbiome mediated regulation of NLRP3 activation in diabetes. Different classes of oral hypoglycemic drugs modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activity through various mechanisms: sulfonylureas inhibit NLRP3 activation and reduce inflammatory cytokine levels; sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) suppress inflammasome activity by reducing oxidative stress and modulating intracellular signaling pathways; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors mitigate inflammasome activation, protecting against renal and vascular complications; glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists attenuate NLRP3 activity, reducing inflammation and improving metabolic outcomes; alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and thiazolidinediones exhibit anti-inflammatory properties by directly inhibiting NLRP3 activation. Agents that specifically target NLRP3 and inhibit their activation have been identified recently such as MCC950, Anakinra, CY-09, and many more. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome, thus, presents a promising strategy for managing diabetes and its complications, with oral hypoglycemic drugs offering dual benefits of glycemic control and inflammation reduction. Further research into the specific mechanisms and long-term effects of these drugs on NLRP3 inflammasome activity is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Satheesan
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Janardanan Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| | - Kakithakara Vajravelu Leela
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Ria Murugesan
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Venkata Chaithanya
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Matcha Angelin
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
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O'Hara DV, Lam CSP, McMurray JJV, Yi TW, Hocking S, Dawson J, Raichand S, Januszewski AS, Jardine MJ. Applications of SGLT2 inhibitors beyond glycaemic control. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:513-529. [PMID: 38671190 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-024-00836-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors were initially developed for their glucose-lowering effects and have shown a modest glycaemic benefit in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the past decade, a series of large, robust clinical trials of these therapies have demonstrated striking beneficial effects for various care goals, transforming the chronic disease therapeutic landscape. Cardiovascular safety studies in people with T2DM demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors reduce cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure. Subsequent trials in participants with heart failure with reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors have beneficial effects on heart failure outcomes. In dedicated kidney outcome studies, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced the incidence of kidney failure among participants with or without diabetes. Post hoc analyses have suggested a range of other benefits of these drugs in conditions as diverse as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, kidney stone prevention and anaemia. SGLT2 inhibitors have a generally favourable adverse effect profile, although patient selection and medication counselling remain important. Concerted efforts are needed to better integrate these agents into routine care and support long-term medication adherence to close the gap between clinical trial outcomes and those achieved in the real world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V O'Hara
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John J V McMurray
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tae Won Yi
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samantha Hocking
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jessica Dawson
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, St George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Smriti Raichand
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for the Health Economy (MUCHE), Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrzej S Januszewski
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Medicine (St. Vincent's Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Meg J Jardine
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
- Department of Renal Medicine, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia.
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Hu K, Jiang P, Hu J, Song B, Hou Y, Zhao J, Chen H, Xie J. Dapagliflozin attenuates LPS-induced myocardial injury by reducing ferroptosis. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2024; 56:361-371. [PMID: 38743190 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-024-10020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Septic cardiomyopathy is a severe cardiovascular disease with a poor prognosis. Previous studies have reported the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of septic cardiomyopathy. SGLT2 inhibitors such as dapagliflozin have been demonstrated to improve ischemia-reperfusion injury by alleviating ferroptosis in cardiomyocyte. However, the role of dapagliflozin in sepsis remains unclear. Therefore, our study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of dapagliflozin on LPS-induced septic cardiomyopathy. Our results indicate that dapagliflozin improved cardiac function in septic cardiomyopathy experimental mice. Mechanistically, dapagliflozin works by inhibiting the translation of key proteins involved in ferroptosis, such as GPX4, FTH1, and SLC7A11. It also reduces the transcription of lipid peroxidation-related mRNAs, including PTGS2 and ACSL4, as well as iron metabolism genes TFRC and HMOX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Hu
- The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pin Jiang
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaxin Hu
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Bing Song
- Department of Cardiology, National Cardiovascular Disease Regional Center for Anhui, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Ya Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinxuan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Haiting Chen
- Department of Cardiology, National Cardiovascular Disease Regional Center for Anhui, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - Jun Xie
- The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Cardiology, National Cardiovascular Disease Regional Center for Anhui, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
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Khamies SM, El-Yamany MF, Ibrahim SM. Canagliflozin Mitigated Cognitive Impairment in Streptozotocin-Induced Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease in Mice: Role of AMPK/SIRT-1 Signaling Pathway in Modulating Neuroinflammation. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2024; 19:39. [PMID: 39073453 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-024-10140-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD) represents a major health concern especially among elderly. Noteworthy, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are highly implicated in AD pathogenesis resulting in enhanced disease progression. Moreover, most of the available anti-Alzheimer drugs have several adverse effects with variable efficacy, therefore new strategies, including agents with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, are encouraged. Along these lines, canagliflozin (CAN), with its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities, presents a promising candidate for AD treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of CAN via regulation of AMPK/SIRT-1/BDNF/GSK-3β signaling pathway in SAD. SAD model was induced by intracerebroventricular streptozotocin injection (ICV-STZ;3 mg/kg, once), while CAN was administered (10 mg/kg/day, orally) to STZ-treated mice for 21 days. Behavioral tests, novel object recognition (NOR), Y-Maze, and Morris Water Maze (MWM) tests, histopathological examination, total adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (T-AMPK) expression, p-AMPK, and silent information regulator-1 (SIRT-1) were evaluated. Furthermore, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Tau protein, insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), nuclear factor erythroid-2 (Nrf-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor kappa-B-p65 (NFκB-p65), beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1), and amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque were assessed. CAN restored STZ-induced cognitive deficits, confirmed by improved behavioral tests and histopathological examination. Besides, CAN halted STZ-induced neurotoxicity through activation of p-AMPK/SIRT-1/BDNF pathway, subsequently reduction of GSK-3β, Tau protein, AChE, NFκB-p65, IL-6, BACE-1, and Aβ plaque associated with increased IDE and Nrf-2. Consequentially, our findings assumed that CAN, via targeting p-AMPK/SIRT-1 pathway, combated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in STZ-induced AD. Thus, this study highlighted the promising effect of CAN for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Khamies
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Menoufia University, Menoufia, 32511, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F El-Yamany
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cairo University, ElKasr Elaini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Sherehan M Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cairo University, ElKasr Elaini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt.
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Huang L, Hu R, Zou H. Relative efficacy of five SGLT2 inhibitors: a network meta-analysis of 20 cardiovascular and respiratory outcomes. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1419729. [PMID: 38933668 PMCID: PMC11199404 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1419729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- LiGang Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dianjiang People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Dianjiang People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - HaiTao Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Dianjiang People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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Zhang R, Xie Q, Lu X, Fan R, Tong N. Research advances in the anti-inflammatory effects of SGLT inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:99. [PMID: 38735956 PMCID: PMC11089742 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01325-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most significant global burden diseases. It is well established that a chronic, systemic, low-grade inflammatory condition is strongly correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and the development of target-organ damage (TOD). Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLTis), novel oral drugs for the treatment of diabetes, act mainly by reducing glucose reabsorption in proximal renal tubules and/or the intestine. Several high-quality clinical trials and large observational studies have revealed that SGLTis significantly improve cardiovascular and renal outcomes in T2D patients. Increasing evidence suggests that this is closely related to their anti-inflammatory properties, which are mainly manifested by a reduction in plasma concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers. This review analyses the potential mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory effects of SGLTis in diabetes and presents recent evidence of their therapeutic efficacy in treating diabetes and related TOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruining Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingxing Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongping Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanwei Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Zhang Y, Su W, Niu Y, Zeng H, Liu L, Wang L, Xie W. Bif‑1 inhibits activation of inflammasome through autophagy regulatory mechanism. Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:67. [PMID: 38456519 PMCID: PMC10938286 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammasome activation is a crucial mechanism in inflammatory responses. Bax‑interacting factor 1 (Bif‑1) is required for the normal formation of autophagosomes, but its ability to exert an inflammatory regulatory effect remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of Bif‑1 in inflammation, possibly mediated through autophagy regulation. Using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‑induced inflammatory model in J774A.1 cells, the effect of Bif‑1 on inflammasome activation and the underlying mechanisms involving autophagy regulation were investigated. Elevated levels of NLR family pyrin domain containing protein 3 inflammasome and interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β) proteins were observed in J774A.1 cells after LPS/ATP induction. Furthermore, Bif‑1 and autophagy activity were significantly upregulated in inflammatory cells. Inhibition of autophagy resulted in inflammasome activation. Silencing Bif‑1 expression significantly upregulated IL‑1β levels and inhibited autophagy activity, suggesting a potential anti‑inflammatory role of Bif‑1 mediated by autophagy. Additionally, inhibition of the nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) signaling pathway downregulated Bif‑1 and inhibited autophagy activity, highlighting the importance of NF‑κB in the regulation of Bif‑1 and autophagy. In summary, the current study revealed that Bif‑1 is a critical anti‑inflammatory factor against inflammasome activation mediated by a mechanism of autophagy regulation, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target for inflammatory regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehui Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Yaoyun Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Hongli Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen FuYong People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518103, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
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Khedr LH, Rahmo RM, Eldemerdash OM, Helmy EM, Ramzy FA, Lotfy GH, Zakaria HA, Gad MM, Youhanna MM, Samaan MH, Thabet NW, Ghazal RH, Rabie MA. Implication of M2 macrophage on NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in mediating the neuroprotective effect of Canagliflozin against methotrexate-induced cognitive impairment. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111709. [PMID: 38377857 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX), a chemotherapeutic antimetabolite, has been linked to cognitive impairment in cancer patients. MTX-induced metabolic pathway disruption may result in decreased antioxidant activity and increased oxidative stress, influencing hippocampal neurogenesis and microglial activation. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), an oxidative stress byproduct, has been linked to MTX toxicity via the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Macrophage activation and polarization plays an important role in tissue injury. This differentiation may be mediated via either the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) or NLRP3 inflammasome. Interestingly, Canagliflozin (CANA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor has been recently reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects by modulating macrophage polarization balance. This study aimed to investigate CANA's protective effect against MTX-induced cognitive impairment, highlighting the possible involvement of TLR4/ NF-κB crosstalk with NLRP3 inflammasome activation and macrophage polarization. Forty-eight Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups; (1) received saline orally for 30 days and intravenously on days 8 and 15. (2) received Canagliflozin (CANA; 20 mg/kg/day; p.o.) for 30 days. (3) received MTX (75 mg/kg, i.v.) on day 8 and 15, then they were injected with four i.p. injections of leucovorin (LCV): the first dose was 6 mg/ kg after 18 h, and the remaining doses were 3 mg/kg after 26, 42, and 50 h of MTX administration. (4) received MTX and LCV as in group 3 in addition to CANA as in group 2. MTX-treated rats showed cognitive deficits in spatial and learning memory as evidenced in the novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests. MTX exerted an oxidative effect which was evident by the increase in MDA and decline in SOD, GSH and GPx. Moreover, it exerted an inflammatory effect via elevated caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-8. CANA treatment restored cognitive ability, reduced MTX-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation via attenuation of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling, and rebalanced macrophage polarization by promoting the M2 phenotype. Hence, targeting molecular mechanisms manipulating macrophage polarization may offer novel neuroprotective strategies for preventing or treating MTX-induced immune modulation and its detrimental sequel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobna H Khedr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Rania M Rahmo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Omar M Eldemerdash
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Engy M Helmy
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Felopateer A Ramzy
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - George H Lotfy
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Habiba A Zakaria
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Marine M Gad
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Marina M Youhanna
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Manar H Samaan
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Nevert W Thabet
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Reem H Ghazal
- Pharmacy Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Rabie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
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Wu X, Yang J, Wu J, Yang X. Therapeutic potential of MCC950, a specific inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome in systemic lupus erythematosus. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116261. [PMID: 38340397 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder with a pathogenesis that remains incompletely understood, resulting in limited treatment options. MCC950, a highly specific NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, effectively suppresses the activation of NLRP3, thus reducing the production of caspase-1, the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. This review highlights the pivotal role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation pathways in the pathogenesis of SLE and discusses the potential therapeutic application of MCC950 in SLE. Notably, it comprehensively elucidates the mechanism of MCC950 targeting the NLRP3 pathway in SLE treatment, outlining its potential role in regulating autophagy and necroptosis. The insights gained contribute to a deeper understanding of the value of MCC950 in SLE therapy, serving as a robust foundation for further research and potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Junhao Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Juanjie Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xuyan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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Hewedy WA, Abdulmalek SA, Ghareeb DA, Habiba ES. AMPK-mediated autophagy is involved in the protective effect of canagliflozin in the vitamin D3 plus nicotine calcification model in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:873-888. [PMID: 37522915 PMCID: PMC10791829 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02627-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events. A mutual interplay between inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy is implicated in its development. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the potential protective effects of canagliflozin in a vitamin D3 plus nicotine (VDN) model of VC, and to explore potential mechanisms. VC was induced by VDN in adult male Wistar rats on day one. Then, rats were randomly assigned into three groups to receive canagliflozin (10 mg or 20 mg/kg/day) or its vehicle for 4 weeks. Age-matched normal rats served as a control group. After euthanization, aorta and kidneys were harvested for biochemical and histopathological evaluation of calcification. Aortic markers of oxidative stress, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, runt-related transcription factor (Runx2) and bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) levels were determined. Additionally, the protein expression of autophagic markers, LC3 and p62, and adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) were also assessed in aortic homogenates. Canagliflozin dose-dependently improved renal function, enhanced the antioxidant capacity of aortic tissues and reduced calcium deposition in rat aortas and kidneys. Both doses of canagliflozin attenuated ALP and osteogenic markers while augmented the expression of autophagic markers and AMPK. Histopathological examination of aortas and kidneys by H&E and Von Kossa stain further support the beneficial effect of canagliflozin. Canagliflozin could alleviate VDN-induced vascular calcification, in a dose dependent manner, via its antioxidant effect and modulation of autophagy. Further studies are needed to verify whether this effect is a member or a class effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A Hewedy
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
- Al-Moassat Medical Campus, Elhadara, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, 21561, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Shaymaa A Abdulmalek
- Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Ghareeb
- Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Esraa S Habiba
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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11
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Pérez-Martínez L, Romero L, Verdugo-Sivianes EM, Muñoz-Galván S, Rubio-Mediavilla S, Amiama-Roig A, Carnero A, Blanco JR. Role of maraviroc and/or rapamycin in the liver of IL10 KO mice with frailty syndrome. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0286201. [PMID: 38198476 PMCID: PMC10781157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence and low-grade inflammation favor the acceleration of aging. The liver is an essential metabolic organ because changes related to its function are related to age-related diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of maraviroc (MVC) and/or rapamycin (RAPA) on liver tissue in an experimental model of frailty syndrome in mice, since MVC and RAPA are two molecules able to decrease CCR5 expression, which is overexpressed in patients with frailty. Methods: Eighty male homozygous IL10KO mice were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups (n = 20): i) IL10KO group; ii) MVC group, iii) RAPA group, and iv) MVC-RAPA group. Liver samples were analyzed. Gene expression quantification and western blotting were also performed. The proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-18 were decreased in MVC and MVC/RAPA groups, IL-12 was decreased in RAPA and MVC/RAPA groups and TNF-α was decreased in all therapeutic groups. P21 was decreased in RAPA and MVC/RAPA groups, Galactosidase beta-1, was also significantly reduced in all therapeutic groups, as were NF-kB1, NF-kB2 and STAT3. In all groups, mTOR and CCL5 were significantly reduced. CCR5 expression was decreased in the MVC and MVC/RAPA groups. Conclusion: MVC and RAPA may protect against some factors involved in liver aging. More studies will be necessary to verify their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lourdes Romero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Eva M. Verdugo-Sivianes
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Muñoz-Galván
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Amiama-Roig
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José-Ramón Blanco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño, Spain
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12
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Althagafy HS, Ali FEM, Hassanein EHM, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Kotb El-Sayed MI, Atwa AM, Sayed AM, Soubh AA. Canagliflozin ameliorates ulcerative colitis via regulation of TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB and Nrf2/PPAR-γ/SIRT1 signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176166. [PMID: 37898288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the most common subtypes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that affects the colon and is characterized by severe intestinal inflammation. Canagliflozin is a widely used antihyperglycemic agent, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that enhances urinary glucose excretion. This study aims to provide insights into the potential benefits of canagliflozin as a treatment for UC by addressing possible cellular signals. Acetic acid (AA; 4% v/v) was administered intrarectally to induce colitis. Canagliflozin is given orally at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. Canagliflozin attenuates inflammation in AA-induced colitis, evidenced by significant and dose-dependently downregulation of p38 MAPK, NF-κB-p65, IKK, IRF3, and NADPH-oxidase as well as colonic levels of IL-6 and IL-1β and MPO enzymatic activity. Canagliflozin mitigates colonic oxidative stress by decreasing MDA content and restoring SOD enzymatic activities and GSH levels mediated by co-activating of Nrf2, PPARγ, and SIRT1 pathways. Moreover, an in-silico study confirmed that canagliflozin was specific to all target proteins in this study. Canagliflozin's binding affinity with its target proteins indicates and confirms its effectiveness in regulating these pathways. Also, network pharmacology analysis supported that canagliflozin potently attenuates UC via a multi-target and multi-pathway approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed I Kotb El-Sayed
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Atwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71515, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Soubh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, 12566, Egypt
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13
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Liu H, Chen W, Wan S, Chen Y, Fu M, Wang Z, Xiong F, Zhang Y. Canagliflozin ameliorates high glucose-induced apoptosis in NRK-52E cells via inhibiting oxidative stress and activating AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10325-10337. [PMID: 37976004 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08855-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, as a new type of hypoglycemic drug, can prevent proximal renal tubule injury related to glucose toxicity and play a renoprotective role. Canagliflozin, a recognized SGLT-2 inhibitor, has been proved to have potential protection in diabetic nephropathy (DN), but its mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, the protective effect of canagliflozin against high glucose (HG)-induced renal tubular epithelial cell (NRK-52E) injury in vitro was assessed. METHODS The viability and apoptosis of NRK-52E cells were detected using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, oxidative stress-related proteins (NOX4 and Nrf2), autophagy marker light chain 3 (LC3) I/II, and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway-related proteins were evaluated by Western blot. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was evaluated by dihydroethidium (DHE) reactive oxygen species assay, the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and MDA were analyzed using kits. The changes of morphology and red fluorescent protein (RFP)-LC3 fluorescence were observed under microscopy. RESULTS Canagliflozin significantly ameliorated HG-induced NRK-52E cell apoptosis and caspase-3 cleavage. Furthermore, canagliflozin markedly ameliorated HG-induced NRK-52E cell oxidative stress. Moreover, canagliflozin significantly increased LC3-II levels and induced RFP-LC3-containing punctate structures in NRK-52E cells. Finally, canagliflozin increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and suppressed the phosphorylation of mTOR. The AMPK inhibitor compound C abolished canagliflozin-induced autophagy activation, as well as the anti-apoptotic effect of canagliflozin. CONCLUSION Canagliflozin effectively ameliorate HG-induced apoptosis of NRK-52E cells in vitro that involved its antioxidant effect and induction of autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, No.215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, No.215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wan
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, No.215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, No.215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjing Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, No.215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengsi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, No.215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, No.215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, No.215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Gu S, Fan B, Wan F, Gao T, Qi Y, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Gu D, Xie W. Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Canagliflozin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules 2023; 28:5668. [PMID: 37570637 PMCID: PMC10420104 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot infection (DFI) is a common complication in diabetes patients, with foot infections being the leading cause of amputations. Staphylococcus aureus is frequently found in diabetic foot infections, of which methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a major clinical and epidemiological challenge. Since MRSA strains are resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics, and also partially resistant to other antibiotics, treatment is difficult and costly. The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria often arises from overuse or misuse of antibiotics. Clinically, canagliflozin is commonly used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. On this basis, we investigated the antibacterial activity and mechanism of canagliflozin against MRSA, with the aim to discover novel functions of canagliflozin and provide new insights for the treatment of MRSA. Using the microbroth dilution method to determine the half maximal inhibitory concentration of drugs, we found that canagliflozin not only can inhibit the growth of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) but also exhibits antibacterial activity against MRSA. The IC50 values, at approximately 56.01 μM and 57.60 μM, were almost the same. At 12 h, canagliflozin showed a significant antibacterial effect against MRSA at and above 30 μM. In addition, its combined use with penicillin achieved better antibacterial effects, which were increased by about three times. Additive antibacterial activity (FICI = 0.69) was found between penicillin and canagliflozin, which was better than that of doxycycline and canagliflozin (FICI = 0.95). Canagliflozin also affected bacterial metabolic markers, such as glucose, ATP, and lactic acid. The results of crystal violet staining indicate that canagliflozin disrupted the formation of bacterial biofilm. Our electron microscopy results showed that canagliflozin distorted the bacterial cell wall. The results of RT-PCR suggest that canagliflozin down-regulated the expressions of biofilm-related gene (clfA, cna, agrC, mgrA, hld) and methicillin-resistance gene (mecA), which was related to MRSA. Molecular docking also indicated that canagliflozin affected some interesting targets of MRSA, such as the sarA, crtM and fnbA proteins. In conclusion, canagliflozin exhibits antibacterial activity against MRSA by affecting bacterial metabolism, inhibiting its biofilm formation, distorting the bacterial cell wall, and altering the gene expression of biofilm formation and its virulence. Our study reveals the antibacterial activity of canagliflozin against MRSA, providing a new reference for treating diabetic foot infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (S.G.); (F.W.); (T.G.); (Y.Q.); (Y.Z.)
- Open FIESTA Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China;
| | - Bing Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China;
| | - Fang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (S.G.); (F.W.); (T.G.); (Y.Q.); (Y.Z.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (S.G.); (F.W.); (T.G.); (Y.Q.); (Y.Z.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (S.G.); (F.W.); (T.G.); (Y.Q.); (Y.Z.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Yaou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (S.G.); (F.W.); (T.G.); (Y.Q.); (Y.Z.)
- Open FIESTA Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dayong Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China;
| | - Weidong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (S.G.); (F.W.); (T.G.); (Y.Q.); (Y.Z.)
- Open FIESTA Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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15
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Hao W, Shan W, Wan F, Luo J, Niu Y, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Xu N, Xie W. Canagliflozin Delays Aging of HUVECs Induced by Palmitic Acid via the ROS/p38/JNK Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040838. [PMID: 37107212 PMCID: PMC10135379 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular aging is an important factor contributing to cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Hyperlipidemia or fatty accumulation may play an important role in vascular aging and cardiovascular diseases. Canagliflozin (CAN), a sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor, can exert a cardiovascular protection effect that is likely independent of its hypoglycemic activities; however, the exact mechanisms remain undetermined. We hypothesized that CAN might have protective effects on blood vessels by regulating vascular aging induced by hyperlipidemia or fatty accumulation in blood vessel walls. In this study, which was undertaken on the basis of aging and inflammation, we investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of CAN in human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by palmitic acid. We found that CAN could delay vascular aging, reduce the secretion of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and protect DNA from damage, as well as exerting an effect on the cell cycle of senescent cells. These actions likely occur through the attenuation of the excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in vascular endothelial cells and/or down-regulation of the p38/JNK signaling pathway. In summary, our study revealed a new role for CAN as one of the sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors in delaying lipotoxicity-induced vascular aging by targeting the ROS/p38/JNK pathway, giving new medicinal value to CAN and providing novel therapeutic ideas for delaying vascular aging in patients with dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenjie Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Open FIESTA Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingyi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yaoyun Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yaou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Naihan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Weidong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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16
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Li X, Kerindongo RP, Preckel B, Kalina JO, Hollmann MW, Zuurbier CJ, Weber NC. Canagliflozin inhibits inflammasome activation in diabetic endothelial cells - Revealing a novel calcium-dependent anti-inflammatory effect of canagliflozin on human diabetic endothelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114228. [PMID: 36623448 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canagliflozin (CANA) shows anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects on endothelial cells (ECs). In diabetes mellitus (DM), excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, increased intracellular calcium (Ca2+) and enhanced extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 phosphorylation are crucial precursors for inflammasome activation. We hypothesized that: (1) CANA prevents the TNF-α triggered ROS generation in ECs from diabetic donors and in turn suppresses the inflammasome activation; and (2) the anti-inflammatory effect of CANA is mediated via intracellular Ca2+ and ERK1/2. METHODS Human coronary artery endothelial cells from donors with DM (D-HCAECs) were pre-incubated with either CANA or vehicle for 2 h before exposure to 50 ng/ml TNF-α for 2-48 h. NAC was applied to scavenge ROS, BAPTA-AM to chelate intracellular Ca2+, and PD 98059 to inhibit the activation of ERK1/2. Live cell imaging was performed at 6 h to measure ROS and intracellular Ca2+. At 48 h, ELISA and infra-red western blot were applied to detect IL-1β, NLRP3, pro-caspase-1 and ASC. RESULTS 10 µM CANA significantly reduced TNF-α related ROS generation, IL-1β production and NLRP3 expression (P all <0.05), but NAC did not alter the inflammasome activation (P > 0.05). CANA and BAPTA both prevented intracellular Ca2+ increase in cells exposed to TNF-α (P both <0.05). Moreover, BAPTA and PD 98059 significantly reduced the TNF-α triggered IL-1β production as well as NLRP3 and pro-caspase-1 expression (P all <0.05). CONCLUSION CANA suppresses inflammasome activation by inhibition of (1) intracellular Ca2+ and (2) ERK1/2 phosphorylation, but not by ROS reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Li
- Amsterdam, University Medical Centers, location AMC, Department of Anesthesiology - L.E.I.C.A, Cardiovascular Science, Meibergdreef 11, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Raphaela P Kerindongo
- Amsterdam, University Medical Centers, location AMC, Department of Anesthesiology - L.E.I.C.A, Cardiovascular Science, Meibergdreef 11, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Benedikt Preckel
- Amsterdam, University Medical Centers, location AMC, Department of Anesthesiology - L.E.I.C.A, Cardiovascular Science, Meibergdreef 11, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan-Ole Kalina
- Amsterdam, University Medical Centers, location AMC, Department of Anesthesiology - L.E.I.C.A, Cardiovascular Science, Meibergdreef 11, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Amsterdam, University Medical Centers, location AMC, Department of Anesthesiology - L.E.I.C.A, Cardiovascular Science, Meibergdreef 11, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Coert J Zuurbier
- Amsterdam, University Medical Centers, location AMC, Department of Anesthesiology - L.E.I.C.A, Cardiovascular Science, Meibergdreef 11, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Nina C Weber
- Amsterdam, University Medical Centers, location AMC, Department of Anesthesiology - L.E.I.C.A, Cardiovascular Science, Meibergdreef 11, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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17
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Canagliflozin Attenuates Lipotoxicity in Cardiomyocytes by Inhibiting Inflammation and Ferroptosis through Activating AMPK Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010858. [PMID: 36614295 PMCID: PMC9821072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a myocardial disease independent of other cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, etc. Lipotoxicity is closely related to DCM. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of lipid metabolism disturbance in DCM in HL-1 cells. Through bioinformatics and Western blotting analysis, we found that canagliflozin (CAN) significantly inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Ferroptosis is mediated by lipid peroxidation. We demonstrated the presence of ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes by detecting intracellular Fe2+ content and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). CAN could significantly regulate the indicators of ferroptosis. By using specific inhibitors celecoxib (coxib), S-methylisothiourea sulfate (SMT), Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), and Compound C, we further found that CAN regulated inflammation and ferroptosis through AMP-activated protein (AMPK), and inflammation interacted with ferroptosis. Our study indicated that CAN attenuated lipotoxicity in cardiomyocytes by regulating inflammation and ferroptosis through activating the AMPK pathway. This study provides a new direction of myocardial lipotoxicity and some new information for the treatment of DCM.
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18
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SGLT2 inhibitors attenuate nephrin loss and enhance TGF-β 1 secretion in type 2 diabetes patients with albuminuria: a randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15695. [PMID: 36127497 PMCID: PMC9489863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19988-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of SGLT2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) on albuminuria, nephrin (NPH) and transforming-growth-factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) levels in urine and low-grade inflammation in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. A randomized, blank-controlled clinical trial included 68 T2D patients and 10 controls. Based on the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), 68 diabetic patients were stratified into three levels, UACR < 30 mg/g, UACR ≧ 30 mg/g to ≦ 300 mg/g and UACR ˃ 300 mg/g, who were randomized (1:1:1) to receive SGLT2i treatment for 12 weeks. The concentrations of NPH and TGF-β1 in urine were measured as indications of podocyte injury and renal fibrosis. Low-grade inflammation was assessed by the levels of IL-6, TNFα and hsCRP. After 12 weeks of SGLT2i treatment, the levels of UACR and NPH decreased, UTGF-β1 increased in the T2D with microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria groups, NPH (1.12 [0.59, 1.29] vs. 0.71 [0.41, 1.07] µg/ml, P = 0.022) and (1.29 [0.99, 1.96] vs. 0.93 [0.57, 1.31] µg/ml, P = 0.002), UTGF-β1 (4.88 ± 1.31 vs. 7.27 ± 1.21 pg/ml, P < 0.001) and (4.30 ± 1.34 vs. 6.78 ± 2.59 pg/ml, P < 0.001), respectively. The changes in NPH were positively correlated with the UACR and negatively correlated with UTGF-β1 in T2D with albuminuria. SGLT2i alleviate nephrin loss and enhance TGF-β1 excretion in urine in T2DM with albuminuria. The anti-albuminuric effect of SGLT2i could be attributed to mitigating podocyte apoptosis and attenuating renal fibrosis. Trial registration This clinical trial was registered on 15/10/2019, in ClinicalTrials.gov, and the registry number is NCT04127084.
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Canagliflozin Inhibits Human Endothelial Cell Inflammation through the Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158777. [PMID: 35955910 PMCID: PMC9369341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies have also shown that canagliflozin directly acts on endothelial cells (ECs). Since heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an established modulator of EC function, we investigated if canagliflozin regulates the endothelial expression of HO-1, and if this enzyme influences the biological actions of canagliflozin in these cells. Treatment of human ECs with canagliflozin stimulated a concentration- and time-dependent increase in HO-1 that was associated with a significant increase in HO activity. Canagliflozin also evoked a concentration-dependent blockade of EC proliferation, DNA synthesis, and migration that was unaffected by inhibition of HO-1 activity and/or expression. Exposure of ECs to a diabetic environment increased the adhesion of monocytes to ECs, and this was attenuated by canagliflozin. Knockdown of HO-1 reduced the anti-inflammatory effect of canagliflozin which was restored by bilirubin but not carbon monoxide. In conclusion, this study identified canagliflozin as a novel inducer of HO-1 in human ECs. It also found that HO-1-derived bilirubin contributed to the anti-inflammatory action of canagliflozin, but not the anti-proliferative and antimigratory effects of the drug. The ability of canagliflozin to regulate HO-1 expression and EC function may contribute to the clinical profile of the drug.
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Role of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors in the Regulation of Inflammatory Processes in Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105634. [PMID: 35628443 PMCID: PMC9144929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, also known as gliflozins, were developed as a novel class of anti-diabetic agents that promote glycosuria through the prevention of glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule by sodium-glucose co-transporter 2. Beyond the regulation of glucose homeostasis, they resulted as being effective in different clinical trials in patients with heart failure, showing a strong cardio-renal protective effect in diabetic, but also in non-diabetic patients, which highlights the possible existence of other mechanisms through which gliflozins could be exerting their action. So far, different gliflozins have been approved for their therapeutic use in T2DM, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease in different countries, all of them being diseases that have in common a deregulation of the inflammatory process associated with the pathology, which perpetuates and worsens the disease. This inflammatory deregulation has been observed in many other diseases, which led the scientific community to have a growing interest in the understanding of the biological processes that lead to or control inflammation deregulation in order to be able to identify potential therapeutic targets that could revert this situation and contribute to the amelioration of the disease. In this line, recent studies showed that gliflozins also act as an anti-inflammatory drug, and have been proposed as a useful strategy to treat other diseases linked to inflammation in addition to cardio-renal diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this work, we will review recent studies regarding the role of the main sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in the control of inflammation.
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