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Li K, Yu L, Gao L, Zhu L, Feng X, Deng S. Unveiling molecular mechanisms of pigment synthesis in gardenia ( Gardenia jasminoides) fruits through integrative transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2024; 9:100209. [PMID: 38973987 PMCID: PMC11225661 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2024.100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
This study conducted a combined transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis in premature and mature developmental stages of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruits to identify the molecular mechanisms of pigment synthesis. The transcriptomics data produced high-quality clean data amounting to 46.98 gigabytes, exhibiting a mapping ratio of 86.36% to 91.43%. Transcriptomics analysis successfully identified about 3,914 differentially expressed genes which are associated with pivotal biological processes, including photosynthesis, chlorophyll, biosynthetic processes, and protein-chromophore linkage pathways. Functional diversity was clarified by the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) classification, which focused mainly on pigment synthesis functions. Pathways analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) revealed critical pathways affecting pigment development. Metabolomics studies were carried out utilizing Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography and mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). About 480 metabolites were detected via metabolomics investigation, the majority of that were significantly involved in pigment synthesis. Cluster and pathway analyses revealed the importance of pathways such as plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis, biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids and plant hormone signal transduction in pigment synthesis. Current research advances our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level governing pigment synthesis in gardenia fruits, furnishing valuable insights for subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangqin Li
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
- Engineering Research Center for Gardenia of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Lixin Yu
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
- Engineering Research Center for Gardenia of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Liqin Gao
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
- Engineering Research Center for Gardenia of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - lingzhi Zhu
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
- Engineering Research Center for Gardenia of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Xiaotao Feng
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shaoyong Deng
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
- Engineering Research Center for Gardenia of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanchang 330032, China
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2
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Kabała K, Janicka M. Relationship between the GABA Pathway and Signaling of Other Regulatory Molecules. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10749. [PMID: 39409078 PMCID: PMC11476557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251910749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2024] [Revised: 10/02/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is an amino acid whose numerous regulatory functions have been identified in animal organisms. More and more research indicate that in plants, this molecule is also involved in controlling basic growth and development processes. As recent studies have shown, GABA plays an essential role in triggering plant resistance to unfavorable environmental factors, which is particularly important in the era of changing climate. The main sources of GABA in plant cells are glutamic acid, converted in the GABA shunt pathway, and polyamines subjected to oxidative degradation. The action of GABA is often related to the activity of other messengers, including phytohormones, polyamines, NO, H2O2, or melatonin. GABA can function as an upstream or downstream element in the signaling pathways of other regulators, acting synergistically or antagonistically with them to control cellular processes. Understanding the role of GABA and its interactions with other signaling molecules may be important for developing crop varieties with characteristics that enable adaptation to a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Małgorzata Janicka
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wrocław, Poland;
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3
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Regnard S, Otani M, Keruzore M, Teinturier A, Blondel M, Kawakami N, Krapp A, Colcombet J. The MKK3 module integrates nitrate and light signals to modulate secondary dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403646121. [PMID: 39298469 PMCID: PMC11459149 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403646121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Seed dormancy corresponds to a reversible blockage of germination. Primary dormancy is established during seed maturation, while secondary dormancy is set up on the dispersed seed, following an exposure to unfavorable factors. Both dormancies are relieved in response to environmental factors, such as light, nitrate, and coldness. Quantitive Trait Locus (QTL) analyses for preharvest sprouting identified MKK3 kinase in cereals as a player in dormancy control. Here, we showed that MKK3 also plays a role in secondary dormancy in Arabidopsis within a signaling module composed of MAP3K13/14/19/20, MKK3, and clade-C MAPKs. Seeds impaired in this module acquired heat-induced secondary dormancy more rapidly than wild-type (WT) seeds, and this dormancy is less sensitive to nitrate, a signal able to release dormancy. We also demonstrated that MPK7 was strongly activated in the seed during dormancy release, especially in response to light and nitrate. This activation was greatly reduced in map3k13/14/19/20 and mkk3 mutants. Finally, we showed that the module was not regulated and apparently did not regulate the genes controlling abscisic acid/gibberellin acid hormone balance, one of the crucial mechanisms of seed dormancy control. Overall, our work identified a MAPK module controlling seed germination and enlarged the panel of functions of the MKK3-related modules in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Regnard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université d’Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Orsay91405, France
| | - Masahiko Otani
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
| | - Marc Keruzore
- Université de Brest, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1078, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Brest29200, France
| | - Alizée Teinturier
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin for Plant Sciences (IJPB), Versailles78000, France
| | - Marc Blondel
- Université de Brest, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1078, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Brest29200, France
| | - Naoto Kawakami
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
| | - Anne Krapp
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin for Plant Sciences (IJPB), Versailles78000, France
| | - Jean Colcombet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université d’Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Orsay91405, France
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4
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Toora PK, Tuan PA, Nguyen TN, Badea A, Ayele BT. Modulation in the ratio of abscisic acid to gibberellin level determines genetic variation of seed dormancy in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 301:154301. [PMID: 38968782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA) are major regulators of seed dormancy, an adaptive trait closely associated with preharvest sprouting. This study examined transcriptional regulation of ABA and GA metabolism genes and modulation of ABA and GA levels in seeds of barley genotypes exhibiting a range of dormancy phenotype. We observed a very strong negative correlation between genetic variation in seed germination and embryonic ABA level (r = 0.85), which is regulated by transcriptional modulation of HvNCED1 and/or HvCYP707A genes. A strong positive correlation was evident between variation in seed germination and GA level (r = 0.64), mediated via transcriptional regulation of GA biosynthesis genes, HvGA20ox2 and/or HvGA3oxs, and GA catabolism genes, HvGA2ox3 and/or HvGA3ox6. Modulation of the ABA and GA levels in the genotypes led to the prevalence of ABA to GA level ratio that exhibited a very strong negative correlation (r = 0.84) with seed germination, highlighting the importance of a shift in ABA/GA ratio in determining genetic variation of dormancy in barley seeds. Our results overall show that transcriptional regulation of specific ABA and GA metabolism genes underlies genetic variation in ABA/GA ratio and seed dormancy, reflecting the potential use of these genes as molecular tools for enhancing preharvest sprouting resistance in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parneet K Toora
- Department of Plant Science, 222 Agriculture Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Pham Anh Tuan
- Department of Plant Science, 222 Agriculture Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Tran-Nguyen Nguyen
- Department of Plant Science, 222 Agriculture Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Ana Badea
- Brandon Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada, R7A 5Y3
| | - Belay T Ayele
- Department of Plant Science, 222 Agriculture Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2.
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Matilla AJ. Current Insights into Weak Seed Dormancy and Pre-Harvest Sprouting in Crop Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2559. [PMID: 39339534 PMCID: PMC11434978 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
During the domestication of crops, seed dormancy has been reduced or eliminated to encourage faster and more consistent germination. This alteration makes cultivated crops particularly vulnerable to pre-harvest sprouting, which occurs when mature crops are subjected to adverse environmental conditions, such as excessive rainfall or high humidity. Consequently, some seeds may bypass the normal dormancy period and begin to germinate while still attached to the mother plant before harvest. Grains affected by pre-harvest sprouting are characterized by increased levels of α-amylase activity, resulting in poor processing quality and immediate grain downgrading. In the agriculture industry, pre-harvest sprouting causes annual economic losses exceeding USD 1 billion worldwide. This premature germination is influenced by a complex interplay of genetic, biochemical, and molecular factors closely linked to environmental conditions like rainfall. However, the exact mechanism behind this process is still unclear. Unlike pre-harvest sprouting, vivipary refers to the germination process and the activation of α-amylase during the soft dough stage, when the grains are still immature. Mature seeds with reduced levels of ABA or impaired ABA signaling (weak dormancy) are more susceptible to pre-harvest sprouting. While high seed dormancy can enhance resistance to pre-harvest sprouting, it can lead to undesirable outcomes for most crops, such as non-uniform seedling establishment after sowing. Thus, resistance to pre-harvest sprouting is crucial to ensuring productivity and sustainability and is an agronomically important trait affecting yield and grain quality. On the other hand, seed color is linked to sprouting resistance; however, the genetic relationship between both characteristics remains unresolved. The identification of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-3 (MKK3) as the gene responsible for pre-harvest sprouting-1 (Phs-1) represents a significant advancement in our understanding of how sprouting in wheat is controlled at the molecular and genetic levels. In seed maturation, Viviparous-1 (Vp-1) plays a crucial role in managing pre-harvest sprouting by regulating seed maturation and inhibiting germination through the suppression of α-amylase and proteases. Vp-1 is a key player in ABA signaling and is essential for the activation of the seed maturation program. Mutants of Vp-1 exhibit an unpigmented aleurone cell layer and exhibit precocious germination due to decreased sensitivity to ABA. Recent research has also revealed that TaSRO-1 interacts with TaVp-1, contributing to the regulation of seed dormancy and resistance to pre-harvest sprouting in wheat. The goal of this review is to emphasize the latest research on pre-harvest sprouting in crops and to suggest possible directions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel J Matilla
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 14971 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Wang X, Chen Z, Guo J, Han X, Ji X, Ke M, Yu F, Yang P. OsMBF1a Facilitates Seed Germination by Regulating Biosynthesis of Gibberellic Acid and Abscisic Acid in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9762. [PMID: 39337250 PMCID: PMC11432016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Seed germination is a pivotal stage in the plant life cycle, orchestrated by a myriad of internal and external factors, notably plant hormones. The underlying molecular mechanisms governing rice seed germination remain largely unelucidated. Herein, we uncover OsMBF1a as a crucial regulatory factor that employs a dual strategy to promote seed germination: positively activating genes involved in gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis pathways, while negatively regulating key genes responsible for abscisic acid (ABA) synthesis. Furthermore, OsMBF1a modulates the endogenous levels of ABA and GA in rice seeds, reinforcing its central role in the germination process. The expression of ZmMBF1a and ZmMBF1b, the homologous genes in maize, in rice seeds similarly affects germination, indicating the conserved functionality of MBF1 family genes in regulating seed germination. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying rice seed germination and underscores the significance of MBF1 family genes in plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ziyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jinghua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xujian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Meicheng Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Pingfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
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7
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Shen J, Zhang L, Wang H, Guo J, Li Y, Tan Y, Shu Q, Qian Q, Yu H, Chen Y, Song S. The phosphatidylethanolamine-binding proteins OsMFT1 and OsMFT2 regulate seed dormancy in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:3857-3874. [PMID: 39041489 PMCID: PMC11371141 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Seed dormancy is crucial for optimal plant life-cycle timing. However, domestication has largely diminished seed dormancy in modern cereal cultivars, leading to challenges such as preharvest sprouting (PHS) and subsequent declines in yield and quality. Therefore, it is imperative to unravel the molecular mechanisms governing seed dormancy for the development of PHS-resistant varieties. In this study, we screened a mutant of BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR4 (OsbHLH004) with decreased seed dormancy and revealed that OsbHLH004 directly regulates the expression of 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE3 (OsNCED3) and GIBBERELLIN 2-OXIDASE6 (OsGA2ox6) in rice (Oryza sativa). Additionally, we determined that two phosphatidylethanolamine-binding proteins, MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1 and 2 (OsMFT1 and OsMFT2; hereafter OsMFT1/2) interact with OsbHLH004 and Ideal Plant Architecture 1 (IPA1) to regulate their binding capacities on OsNCED3 and OsGA2ox6, thereby promoting seed dormancy. Intriguingly, FT-INTERACTING PROTEIN1 (OsFTIP1) interacts with OsMFT1/2 and affects their nucleocytoplasmic translocation into the nucleus, where OsMFT1/2-OsbHLH004 and OsMFT1/2-IPA1 antagonistically modulate the expression of OsNCED3 and OsGA2ox6. Our findings reveal that OsFTIP1-mediated inhibition of nuclear translocation of OsMFT1/2 and the dynamic transcriptional modulation of OsNCED3 and OsGA2ox6 by OsMFT1/2-OsbHLH004 and OsMFT1/2-IPA1 complexes in seed dormancy in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yongyou Industry Park, Yazhou Bay Sci-Tech City, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huanyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiazhuo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingyao Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yongyou Industry Park, Yazhou Bay Sci-Tech City, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Shiyong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yongyou Industry Park, Yazhou Bay Sci-Tech City, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
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Zhang H, Hui G, Gao G, Ali I, Tang M, Chen L, Zhong X, Jiang L, Liang T, Zhang X. Physiological and Proteomic Analysis of Various Priming on Rice Seed under Chilling Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2430. [PMID: 39273913 PMCID: PMC11396840 DOI: 10.3390/plants13172430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation using direct seeding is susceptible to chilling stress, particularly during seed germination and early seedling growth in the early season of a double cropping system. Alternatively, seed priming with various plant growth-promoting hormones is an effective technique to promote rapid and uniform emergence under chilling stress. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of gibberellin A3 (GA3) and brassinolide (BR) priming on rice seed emergence, examining their proteomic responses under low-temperature conditions. Results indicated that GA3 and BR increased the seed germination rate by 22.67% and 7.33% at 72 h and 35% and 15% at 96 h compared to the control (CK), respectively. Furthermore, proteomic analysis identified 2551, 2614, and 2592 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in GA, BR, and CK, respectively. Among them, GA exhibited 84 upregulated and 260 downregulated DEPs, while BR showed 112 upregulated and 102 downregulated DEPs, and CK had 123 upregulated and 81 downregulated DEPs. Notably, under chilling stress, both GA3 and BR are involved in peroxide metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and inositol phosphate metabolism, enhancing antioxidant capacity and providing energy substances for germination. In addition, GA3 triggers the specific regulation of stress responsive protein activation, GTP activation, and ascorbic acid biosynthesis and promotes the stability and integrity of cell membranes, as well as the synthesis of cell walls, providing physical defense for seeds to resist low temperatures. At the same time, BR triggers specific involvement in ribosome synthesis and amino acid synthesis, promoting biosynthetic ability and metabolic regulation to maintain plant life activities under low-temperature stress. Furthermore, the various genes' expression (OsJ_16716, OsPAL1, RINO1) confirmed GA3 and BR involved in peroxide metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and inositol phosphate metabolism, enhancing antioxidant capacity and providing energy substances for germination. This study provides valuable insights into how rice seed embryo responds to and tolerates chilling stress with GA3 seed priming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guo Hui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Guoqing Gao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Izhar Ali
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Maoyan Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Ligeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tianfeng Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
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9
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Li X, Tang X, Wang M, Zhang X, Xu Y, Li Y, Li J, Qin Z. The Discovery of Highly Efficient and Promising ABA Receptor Antagonists for Agricultural Applications Based on APAn Modification. Molecules 2024; 29:3129. [PMID: 38999081 PMCID: PMC11243256 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is one of the many naturally occurring phytohormones widely found in plants. This study focused on refining APAn, a series of previously developed agonism/antagonism switching probes. Twelve novel APAn analogues were synthesized by introducing varied branched or oxygen-containing chains at the C-6' position, and these were screened. Through germination assays conducted on A. thaliana, colza, and rice seeds, as well as investigations into stomatal movement, several highly active ABA receptor antagonists were identified. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) assays, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation showed that they had stronger receptor affinity than ABA, while PP2C phosphatase assays indicated that the C-6'-tail chain extending from the 3' channel effectively prevented the ligand-receptor binary complex from binding to PP2C phosphatase, demonstrating strong antagonistic activity. These antagonists showed effective potential in promoting seed germination and stomatal opening of plants exposed to abiotic stress, particularly cold and salt stress, offering advantages for cultivating crops under adverse conditions. Moreover, their combined application with fluridone and gibberellic acid could provide more practical agricultural solutions, presenting new insights and tools for overcoming agricultural challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xianjun Tang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mian Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yiyi Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaohai Qin
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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10
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Du T, Qu X, Wang Y, Li M, Qie X, Jin J, Gao Y, Wang Z, Lin K, Yang C, Sun J. Rhizosphere Mortierella strain of alfalfa exerted weed growth inhibition by inducing expression of plant hormone-related genes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1385992. [PMID: 38952443 PMCID: PMC11215053 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1385992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Weeds are significant factors that detrimentally affect crop health and hinder optimal herbage yield. Rhizosphere microorganisms play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and nutrient uptake. Therefore, research focusing on weed control through the lens of microorganisms has emerged as a prominent area of study. The oil-producing fungus Mortierella, which is known for its numerous agricultural benefits, has garnered significant attention in recent years. Methods In this study, we conducted inoculation experiments in a controlled artificial culture climate chamber to investigate the effects of differential hormones and differentially expressed genes in the stems and leaves of Digitaria sanguinalis using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry and RNA-seq techniques, respectively. Additionally, Pearson's correlation analysis was used to establish correlations between differential hormones and growth indicators of Digitaria sanguinalis. Results and discussion The results demonstrated that inoculation with Mortierella sp. MXBP304 effectively suppressed aboveground biomass and plant height in Digitaria sanguinalis. Furthermore, there was significant upregulation and downregulation in the expression of genes involved in the synthesis and metabolism of phenylalanine and L-phenylalanine. Conversely, the expression of genes related to tryptophan, L-tryptophan, and indole was significantly downregulated. The addition of Mortierella sp. MXBP304 can influence the gene expression associated with phenylalanine and tryptophan synthesis and metabolism during Digitaria sanguinalis growth, subsequently reducing the relative contents of phenylalanine and tryptophan, thereby directly inhibiting Digitaria sanguinalis growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Du
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xudong Qu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Meixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xihu Qie
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Jin
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zengyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Kejian Lin
- Institute of Grassland Research of CAAS, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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11
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Yu R, Hou Q, Deng H, Xiao L, Cai X, Shang C, Qiao G. Overexpression of PavHIPP16 from Prunus avium enhances cold stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:536. [PMID: 38862890 PMCID: PMC11167810 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05267-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heavy metal-associated isoprenylated plant protein (HIPP) is an important regulatory element in response to abiotic stresses, especially playing a key role in low-temperature response. RESULTS This study investigated the potential function of PavHIPP16 up-regulated in sweet cherry under cold stress by heterologous overexpression in tobacco. The results showed that the overexpression (OE) lines' growth state was better than wild type (WT), and the germination rate, root length, and fresh weight of OE lines were significantly higher than those of WT. In addition, the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the OE of tobacco under low-temperature treatment were substantially lower than those of WT. In contrast, peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents were significantly higher than those of WT. Yeast two-hybrid assay (Y2H) and luciferase complementation assay verified the interactions between PavbHLH106 and PavHIPP16, suggesting that these two proteins co-regulated the cold tolerance mechanism in plants. The research results indicated that the transgenic lines could perform better under low-temperature stress by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activity and osmoregulatory substance content of the transgenic plants. CONCLUSIONS This study provides genetic resources for analyzing the biological functions of PavHIPPs, which is important for elucidating the mechanisms of cold resistance in sweet cherry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runrun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qiandong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chunqiong Shang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Guang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China.
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12
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Li J, Huang Y, Yu X, Wu Q, Man X, Diao Z, You H, Shen J, Cai Y. Identification and Application of CLE Peptides for Drought Resistance in Solanaceae Crops. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38836320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The CLE (CLAVATA3/Embryo Surrounding Region-related) family, a group of peptides with hormone-like features, plays a pivotal role in plant growth, development, and adaptation to stress. Through homology-based blast analysis of 32 Arabidopsis thaliana CLE peptide sequences, we have identified 5, 14, and 10 CLE family members in Nicotiana tabacum, Capsicum annuum, and Solanum melongena, respectively. Chemical synthesis and functional assays of the peptides led to the discovery that NtCLE3 substantially enhances the drought resistance of these three Solanaceae crops. Our transcriptome, RT-qPCR, and antioxidant enzyme activity data showed that NtCLE3 increased antioxidant capacity and ABA synthesis in tobacco. Moreover, the recombinant protein RPNtCLE3, composed of 6*NtCLE3, preserved the capacity to foster drought resilience and proved to be a promising drought resistance regulator, which presents a more favorable alternative for field applications compared to ABA which degrades rapidly under sunlight exposure. This research unveils the prospective utility of NtCLE3 in enhancing drought tolerance in Solanaceae crops and provides new ideas for the development of novel bioregulators aimed at mitigating drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Xiaosong Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Qiqi Wu
- Chengdu Lusyno Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610213, PR China
| | - Xiaxia Man
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Zhihong Diao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Huang You
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Jinbo Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Yi Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
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Carrera-Castaño G, Mira S, Fañanás-Pueyo I, Sánchez-Montesino R, Contreras Á, Weiste C, Dröge-Laser W, Gómez L, Oñate-Sánchez L. Complex control of seed germination timing by ERF50 involves RGL2 antagonism and negative feedback regulation of DOG1. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2026-2042. [PMID: 38494681 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Seed dormancy governs germination timing, with both evolutionary and applied consequences. Despite extensive studies on the hormonal and genetic control of these processes, molecular mechanisms directly linking dormancy and germination remain poorly understood. By screening a collection of lines overexpressing Arabidopsis transcription factors, we identified ERF50 as a key gene to control dormancy and germination. To study its regulation, we measured seed-related physiological parameters in loss-of-function mutants and carried out transactivation, protein interaction and ChIP-PCR analyses. We found direct ERF50-mediated repression of DOG1 and activation of EXPA2 transcription, which results in enhanced seed germination. Although ERF50 expression is increased by DOG1 in dormant seeds, ERF50 germination-promoting activity is blocked by RGL2. The physiological, genetic and molecular evidence gathered here supports that ERF50 controls germination timing by regulating DOG1 levels to leverage its role as enhancer of seed germination, via RGL2 antagonism on EXPA2 expression. Our results highlight the central role of ERF50 as a feedback regulator to couple and fine-tune seed dormancy and germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Carrera-Castaño
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Sara Mira
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Iris Fañanás-Pueyo
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Rocío Sánchez-Montesino
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Ángela Contreras
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Christoph Weiste
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Dröge-Laser
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Luis Gómez
- Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro para la Conservación de la Biodiversidad y el Desarrollo Sostenible, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Luis Oñate-Sánchez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, 28040, Spain
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Liu J, Qiu S, Xue T, Yuan Y. Physiology and transcriptome of Sapindus mukorossi seeds at different germination stages. Genomics 2024; 116:110822. [PMID: 38471577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Sapindus mukorossi has a wide distribution range, high application value, and broad developmental potential. Previous studies have mostly focused on the medicinal and economic value of soapberry; however, few studies have been conducted on its seed germination. This study measured the physiological indicators and hormone content of soapberry seeds at different germination stages and preliminarily determined that abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are the key hormones that affect the germination of soapberry seeds. Both Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG enrichment) analyses detected hormone transduction pathways, further confirming the key role of plant hormones in the germination process of soapberry seeds. Through transcriptome analysis, we speculated that CYP707A and IPA are key genes in the ABA and IAA synthesis pathways, respectively. This study revealed the close relationship between plant hormones and soapberry seed germination and provided new ideas for further exploration of the germination mechanism of soapberry seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Civil and Architecture and Engineering, Chuzhou University, Anhui 239000, China
| | - Sumei Qiu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tingting Xue
- Department of Civil and Architecture and Engineering, Chuzhou University, Anhui 239000, China.
| | - Yingdan Yuan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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15
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Kępczyński J, Dziurka M, Wójcik A. KAR 1-induced dormancy release in Avena fatua caryopses involves reduction of caryopsis sensitivity to ABA and ABA/GA s ratio in coleorhiza and radicle. PLANTA 2024; 259:126. [PMID: 38635035 PMCID: PMC11026216 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04387-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The dormancy release by KAR1 is associated with a reduction of coleorhiza and radicle sensitivity to ABA as well as with reduction the ABA/GAs ratio in the coleorhiza, by a decrease content of ABA, and in the radicle, by a decrease the ABA and an increase of the GAs contents. Both, karrikin 1 (KAR1) and gibberellin A3 (GA3), release dormancy in Avena fatua caryopses, resulting in the emergence of coleorhiza (CE) and radicle (RE). Moreover, KAR1 and GA3 stimulate CE and RE in the presence of abscisic acid (ABA), the stimulation being more effective in CE. The stimulatory effects of KAR1 and GA3 involve also the CE and RE rates. A similar effect was observed at KAR1 concentrations much lower than those of GA3. KAR1 increased the levels of bioactive GA5 and GA6 in embryos and the levels of GA1, GA5, GA3, GA6 and GA4 in radicles. The stimulatory effect of KAR1 on germination, associated with increased levels of gibberellins (GAs) and reduced levels of ABA in embryos, was counteracted by paclobutrazol (PAC), commonly regarded as a GAs biosynthesis inhibitor. Consequently, KAR1 decreased the ABA/GAs ratio, whereas PAC, used alone or in combination with KAR1, increased it. The ABA/GAs ratio was reduced by KAR1 in both coleorhiza and radicle, the effect being stronger in the latter. We present the first evidence that KAR1-induced dormancy release requires a decreased ABA/GAs ratio in coleorhiza and radicle. It is concluded that the dormancy-releasing effect of KAR1 in A. fatua caryopses includes (i) a reduction of the coleorhiza and radicle sensitivity to ABA, and (2) a reduction of the ABA/GAs ratio (i) in the coleorhiza, by decreasing the ABA content, and (ii) in the radicle, by decreasing the ABA and increasing the content GAs, particularly GA1. The results may suggest different mechanisms of dormancy release by KAR1 in monocot and dicot seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kępczyński
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Waska 13, 71-415, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Michal Dziurka
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 20-239, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Wójcik
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Waska 13, 71-415, Szczecin, Poland
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16
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Li R, Li Y, Tang M, Qu Z, Shao C, Zheng P, Hou W. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Research on the Germination Process of Panax ginseng Overwintering Buds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1041. [PMID: 38611569 PMCID: PMC11013764 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) is a perennial plant with a long dormancy period. While some researchers employ gibberellin and other substances to stimulate premature germination, this method is limited to laboratory settings and cannot be applied to the field cultivation of ginseng. The mechanism underlying the germination of ginseng overwintering buds remains largely unexplored. Understanding the internal changes during the dormancy release process in the overwintering buds would facilitate the discovery of potential genes, metabolites, or regulatory pathways associated with it. In this study, we approximately determined the onset of dormancy release through morphological observations and investigated the process of dormancy release in ginseng overwintering buds using transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. Our analyses revealed that the germination process of ginseng overwintering buds is regulated by multiple plant hormones, each acting at different times. Among these, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA) serve as classical signaling molecules regulating the dormancy process, while other hormones may promote the subsequent growth of overwintering buds. Additionally, metabolic pathways associated with arginine may be involved in the dormancy release process. Polyamines synthesized downstream may promote the growth of overwintering buds after dormancy release and participate in subsequent reproductive growth. This study provides insights into the germination process of ginseng overwintering buds at the molecular level and serves as a reference for further exploration of the detailed mechanism underlying ginseng overwintering germination in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranqi Li
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Yashu Li
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Miaomiao Tang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Zhengyi Qu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Cai Shao
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Peihe Zheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132109, China
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Production and Utilization of Dao-di Herbs, Jilin 132109, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
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Wu W, Feng X, Wang N, Shao S, Liu M, Si F, Chen L, Jin C, Xu S, Guo Z, Zhong C, Shi S, He Z. Genomic analysis of Nypa fruticans elucidates its intertidal adaptations and early palm evolution. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:824-843. [PMID: 38372488 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Nypa fruticans (Wurmb), a mangrove palm species with origins dating back to the Late Cretaceous period, is a unique species for investigating long-term adaptation strategies to intertidal environments and the early evolution of palms. Here, we present a chromosome-level genome sequence and assembly for N. fruticans. We integrated the genomes of N. fruticans and other palm family members for a comparative genomic analysis, which confirmed that the common ancestor of all palms experienced a whole-genome duplication event around 89 million years ago, shaping the distinctive characteristics observed in this clade. We also inferred a low mutation rate for the N. fruticans genome, which underwent strong purifying selection and evolved slowly, thus contributing to its stability over a long evolutionary period. Moreover, ancient duplicates were preferentially retained, with critical genes having experienced positive selection, enhancing waterlogging tolerance in N. fruticans. Furthermore, we discovered that the pseudogenization of Early Methionine-labelled 1 (EM1) and EM6 in N. fruticans underly its crypto-vivipary characteristics, reflecting its intertidal adaptation. Our study provides valuable genomic insights into the evolutionary history, genome stability, and adaptive evolution of the mangrove palm. Our results also shed light on the long-term adaptation of this species and contribute to our understanding of the evolutionary dynamics in the palm family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Guangzhou, 511462, China
| | - Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shao Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Fa Si
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Linhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Chuanfeng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zixiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Cairong Zhong
- Hainan Academy of Forestry (Hainan Academy of Mangrove), Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Suhua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Ziwen He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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Ai J, Wang W, Hu T, Hu H, Wang J, Yan Y, Pang H, Wang Y, Bao C, Wei Q. Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Controlling Seed Dormancy in Eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.). Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:415. [PMID: 38674350 PMCID: PMC11049636 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Seed dormancy is a life adaptation trait exhibited by plants in response to environmental changes during their growth and development. The dormancy of commercial seeds is the key factor affecting seed quality. Eggplant seed dormancy is controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs), but reliable QTLs related to eggplant dormancy are still lacking. In this study, F2 populations obtained through the hybridization of paternally inbred lines with significant differences in dormancy were used to detect regulatory sites of dormancy in eggplant seeds. Three QTLs (dr1.1, dr2.1, and dr6.1) related to seed dormancy were detected on three chromosomes of eggplant using the QTL-Seq technique. By combining nonsynonymous sites within the candidate regions and gene functional annotation analysis, nine candidate genes were selected from three QTL candidate regions. According to the germination results on the eighth day, the male parent was not dormant, but the female parent was dormant. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the expression of nine candidate genes, and the Smechr0201082 gene showed roughly the same trend as that in the phenotypic data. We proposed Smechr0201082 as the potential key gene involved in regulating the dormancy of eggplant seeds. The results of seed experiments with different concentrations of gibberellin A3 (GA3) showed that, within a certain range, the higher the gibberellin concentration, the earlier the emergence and the higher the germination rate. However, higher concentrations of GA3 may have potential effects on eggplant seedlings. We suggest the use of GA3 at a concentration of 200-250 mg·L-1 to treat dormant seeds. This study provides a foundation for the further exploration of genes related to the regulation of seed dormancy and the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of eggplant seed dormancy and germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Ai
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.A.); (W.W.); (T.H.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.P.); (C.B.)
- College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Wuhong Wang
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.A.); (W.W.); (T.H.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Tianhua Hu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.A.); (W.W.); (T.H.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Haijiao Hu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.A.); (W.W.); (T.H.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Jinglei Wang
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.A.); (W.W.); (T.H.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Yaqin Yan
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.A.); (W.W.); (T.H.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Hongtao Pang
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.A.); (W.W.); (T.H.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.P.); (C.B.)
- College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhumadian 463000, China;
| | - Chonglai Bao
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.A.); (W.W.); (T.H.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Qingzhen Wei
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.A.); (W.W.); (T.H.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.P.); (C.B.)
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Park M, Shin SY, Moon H, Choi W, Shin C. Analysis of the global transcriptome and miRNAome associated with seed dormancy during seed maturation in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:215. [PMID: 38532331 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seed dormancy is a biological mechanism that prevents germination until favorable conditions for the subsequent generation of plants are encountered. Therefore, this mechanism must be effectively established during seed maturation. Studies investigating the transcriptome and miRNAome of rice embryos and endosperms at various maturation stages to evaluate seed dormancy are limited. This study aimed to compare the transcriptome and miRNAome of rice seeds during seed maturation. RESULTS Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare seeds were sampled for embryos and endosperms at three maturation stages: 30, 45, and 60 days after heading (DAH). The pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) assay was conducted to assess the level of dormancy in the seeds at each maturation stage. At 60 DAH, the PHS rate was significantly increased compared to those at 30 and 45 DAH, indicating that the dormancy is broken during the later maturation stage (45 DAH to 60 DAH). However, the largest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) were identified between 30 and 60 DAH in the embryo and endosperm, implying that the gradual changes in genes and miRNAs from 30 to 60 DAH may play a significant role in breaking seed dormancy. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses confirmed that DEGs related to plant hormones were most abundant in the embryo during 45 DAH to 60 DAH and 30 DAH to 60 DAH transitions. Alternatively, most of the DEGs in the endosperm were related to energy and abiotic stress. MapMan analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction identified four newly profiled auxin-related genes (OsSAUR6/12/23/25) and one ethylene-related gene (OsERF087), which may be involved in seed dormancy during maturation. Additionally, miRNA target prediction (psRNATarget) and degradome dataset (TarDB) indicated a potential association between osa-miR531b and ethylene biosynthesis gene (OsACO4), along with osa-miR390-5p and the abscisic acid (ABA) exporter-related gene (OsMATE19) as factors involved in seed dormancy. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the transcriptome and miRNAome of rice embryos and endosperms during seed maturation provided new insights into seed dormancy, particularly its relationship with plant hormones such as ABA, auxin, and ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsu Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Shin
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongman Moon
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochang Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanseok Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Niu J, Xu M, Zong N, Sun J, Zhao L, Hui W. Ascorbic acid releases dormancy and promotes germination by an integrated regulation of abscisic acid and gibberellin in Pyrus betulifolia seeds. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14271. [PMID: 38566130 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Seed dormancy is an important life history state in which intact viable seeds delay or prevent germination under suitable conditions. Ascorbic acid (AsA) acts as a small molecule antioxidant, and breaking seed dormancy and promoting subsequent growth are among its numerous functions. In this study, a germination test using Pyrus betulifolia seeds treated with exogenous AsA or AsA synthesis inhibitor lycorine (Lyc) and water absorption was conducted. The results indicated that AsA released dormancy and increased germination and 20 mmol L-1 AsA promoted cell division, whereas Lyc reduced germination. Seed germination showed typical three phases of water absorption; and seeds at five key time points were sampled for transcriptome analysis. It revealed that multiple pathways were involved in breaking dormancy and promoting germination through transcriptome data, and 12 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to the metabolism and signal transduction of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GA) were verified by subsequent RT-qPCR. For metabolites, exogenous AsA increased endogenous AsA and GA3 but reduced ABA and the ABA/GA3 ratio. In addition, three genes regulating ABA synthesis were downregulated by AsA, while five genes mediating ABA degradation were upregulated. Taken together, AsA regulates the pathways associated with ABA and GA synthesis, catalysis, and signal transduction, with subsequent reduction in ABA and increase in GA and further the balance of ABA/GA, ultimately releasing dormancy and promoting germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Niu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mingzhen Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Na Zong
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Jia Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Wei Hui
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
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21
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Xiang Y, Zhao C, Li Q, Niu Y, Pan Y, Li G, Cheng Y, Zhang A. Pectin methylesterase 31 is transcriptionally repressed by ABI5 to negatively regulate ABA-mediated inhibition of seed germination. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1336689. [PMID: 38371403 PMCID: PMC10869471 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1336689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Pectin methylesterase (PME), a family of enzymes that catalyze the demethylation of pectin, influences seed germination. Phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) inhibits seed germination. However, little is known about the function of PMEs in response to ABA-mediated seed germination. In this study, we found the role of PME31 in response to ABA-mediated inhibition of seed germination. The expression of PME31 is prominent in the embryo and is repressed by ABA treatment. Phenotype analysis showed that disruption of PME31 increases ABA-mediated inhibition of seed germination, whereas overexpression of PME31 attenuates this effect. Further study found that ABI5, an ABA signaling bZIP transcription factor, is identified as an upstream regulator of PME31. Genetic analysis showed that PME31 functions downstream of ABI5 in ABA-mediated seed germination. Detailed studies showed that ABI5 directly binds to the PME31 promoter and inhibits its expression. In the plants, PME31 expression is reduced by ABI5 in ABA-mediated seed germination. Taken together, PME31 is transcriptionally inhibited by ABI5 and negatively regulates ABA-mediated seed germination inhibition. These findings shed new light on the mechanisms of PMEs in response to ABA-mediated seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chongyang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Li
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingxue Niu
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yitian Pan
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangdong Li
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya, China
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22
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Cheng HY, Wang W, Wang W, Yang MY, Zhou YY. Interkingdom Hormonal Regulations between Plants and Animals Provide New Insight into Food Safety. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4-26. [PMID: 38156955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Food safety has become an attractive topic among consumers. Raw material production for food is also a focus of social attention. As hormones are widely used in agriculture and human disease control, consumers' concerns about the safety of hormone agents have never disappeared. The present review focuses on the interkingdom regulations of exogenous animal hormones in plants and phytohormones in animals, including physiology and stress resistance. We summarize these interactions to give the public, researchers, and policymakers some guidance and suggestions. Accumulated evidence demonstrates comprehensive hormonal regulation across plants and animals. Animal hormones, interacting with phytohormones, help regulate plant development and enhance environmental resistance. Correspondingly, phytohormones may also cause damage to the reproductive and urinary systems of animals. Notably, the disease-resistant role of phytohormones is revealed against neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. These resistances derive from the control for abnormal cell cycle, energy balance, and activity of enzymes. Further exploration of these cross-kingdom mechanisms would surely be of greater benefit to human health and agriculture development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Human Development Family Studies, Iowa State University, 2330 Palmer Building, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mu-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu-Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
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23
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Miura C, Furui Y, Yamamoto T, Kanno Y, Honjo M, Yamaguchi K, Suetsugu K, Yagame T, Seo M, Shigenobu S, Yamato M, Kaminaka H. Autoactivation of mycorrhizal symbiosis signaling through gibberellin deactivation in orchid seed germination. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:546-563. [PMID: 37776523 PMCID: PMC10756758 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Orchids parasitically depend on external nutrients from mycorrhizal fungi for seed germination. Previous findings suggest that orchids utilize a genetic system of mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, in which the plant hormone gibberellin (GA) negatively affects fungal colonization and development, to establish parasitic symbiosis. Although GA generally promotes seed germination in photosynthetic plants, previous studies have reported low sensitivity of GA in seed germination of mycoheterotrophic orchids where mycorrhizal symbiosis occurs concurrently. To elucidate the connecting mechanisms of orchid seed germination and mycorrhizal symbiosis at the molecular level, we investigated the effect of GA on a hyacinth orchid (Bletilla striata) seed germination and mycorrhizal symbiosis using asymbiotic and symbiotic germination methods. Additionally, we compared the transcriptome profiles between asymbiotically and symbiotically germinated seeds. Exogenous GA negatively affected seed germination and fungal colonization, and endogenous bioactive GA was actively converted to the inactive form during seed germination. Transcriptome analysis showed that B. striata shared many of the induced genes between asymbiotically and symbiotically germinated seeds, including GA metabolism- and signaling-related genes and AM-specific marker homologs. Our study suggests that orchids have evolved in a manner that they do not use bioactive GA as a positive regulator of seed germination and instead autoactivate the mycorrhizal symbiosis pathway through GA inactivation to accept the fungal partner immediately during seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Miura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yuki Furui
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yuri Kanno
- Dormancy and Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masaya Honjo
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamaguchi
- Functional Genomics Facility, NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | | | - Mitsunori Seo
- Dormancy and Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Nakagami-gun 903-0213, Japan
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- Functional Genomics Facility, NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masahide Yamato
- Faculty of Education, Chiba University, Chiba 271-8510, Japan
| | - Hironori Kaminaka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Unused Bioresource Utilization Center, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
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24
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Zhang X, Fujino K, Shimura H. Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Role of Cytokinin and the Nodal Stem in Microtuber Sprouting in Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17534. [PMID: 38139361 PMCID: PMC10743403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In potatoes, tuber secondary growth, especially sprouting, deforms the tubers and severely lowers their commercial value. Tuber sprouting is induced by signal substances, such as gibberellin (GA), which are transported to the tuber from the plant body. The molecular mechanism underlying GA-induced sprouting remains ambiguous. Here, we tried to recreate tuber secondary growth using in vitro stemmed microtubers (MTs) (with the nodal stem attached) and MT halves (with the nodal stem entirely removed). Our experiments showed that GA alone could initiate the sprouting of stemmed microtubers; however, GA failed to initiate MT halves unless 6-benzyladenine, a synthetic cytokinin CK, was co-applied. Here, we analyzed the transcriptional profiles of sprouting buds using these in vitro MTs. RNA-seq analysis revealed a downregulation of cytokinin-activated signaling but an upregulation of the "Zeatin biosynthesis" pathway, as shown by increased expression of CYP735A, CISZOG, and UGT85A1 in sprouting buds; additionally, the upregulation of genes, such as IAA15, IAA22, and SAUR50, associated with auxin-activated signaling and one abscisic acid (ABA) negative regulator, PLY4, plays a vital role during sprouting growth. Our findings indicate that the role of the nodal stem is synonymous with CK in sprouting growth, suggesting that CK signaling and homeostasis are critical to supporting GA-induced sprouting. To effectively control tuber sprouting, more effort is required to be devoted to these critical genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaien Fujino
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9 Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan; (X.Z.)
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25
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Liu Z, Dai H, Hao J, Li R, Pu X, Guan M, Chen Q. Current research and future directions of melatonin's role in seed germination. STRESS BIOLOGY 2023; 3:53. [PMID: 38047984 PMCID: PMC10695909 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination is a complex process regulated by internal and external factors. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a ubiquitous signaling molecule, playing an important role in regulating seed germination under normal and stressful conditions. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview on melatonin's effects on seed germination on the basis of existing literature. Under normal conditions, exogenous high levels of melatonin can suppress or delay seed germination, suggesting that melatonin may play a role in maintaining seed dormancy and preventing premature germination. Conversely, under stressful conditions (e.g., high salinity, drought, and extreme temperatures), melatonin has been found to accelerate seed germination. Melatonin can modulate the expression of genes involved in ABA and GA metabolism, thereby influencing the balance of these hormones and affecting the ABA/GA ratio. Melatonin has been shown to modulate ROS accumulation and nutrient mobilization, which can impact the germination process. In conclusion, melatonin can inhibit germination under normal conditions while promoting germination under stressful conditions via regulating the ABA/GA ratios, ROS levels, and metabolic enzyme activity. Further research in this area will deepen our understanding of melatonin's intricate role in seed germination and may contribute to the development of improved seed treatments and agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Hengrui Dai
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinjiang Hao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaojun Pu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Miao Guan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Qi Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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26
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Diaz‐Martin Z, De Vitis M, Havens K, Kramer AT, MacKechnie LM, Fant J. Species-specific effects of production practices on genetic diversity in plant reintroduction programs. Evol Appl 2023; 16:1956-1968. [PMID: 38143906 PMCID: PMC10739063 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant production practices can influence the genetic diversity of cultivated plant materials and, ultimately, their potential to adapt to a reintroduction site. A common step in the plant production process is the application of seed pretreatment to alleviate physiological seed dormancy and successfully germinate seeds. In production settings, the seeds that germinate more rapidly may be favored in order to fill plant quotas. In this study, we investigated how the application of cold-moist stratification treatments with different durations can lead to differences in the genetic diversity of the propagated plant materials. Specifically, we exposed seeds of three Viola species to two different cold stratification durations, and then we analyzed the genetic diversity of the resulting subpopulations through double-digestion restriction site-associated sequencing (ddRADseq). Our results show that, in two out of three species, utilizing a short stratification period will decrease the genetic diversity of neutral and expressed loci, likely due to the imposition of a genetic bottleneck and artificial selection. We conclude that, in some species, the use of minimal stratification practices in production may jeopardize the adaptive potential and long-term persistence of reintroduced populations and suggest that practitioners carefully consider the evolutionary implications of their production protocols. We highlight the need to consider the germination ecology of target species when selecting the length of dormancy-breaking pretreatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Diaz‐Martin
- Department of BiologySpelman CollegeAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Chicago Botanic GardenNegaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and ActionGlencoeIllinoisUSA
- Plant Biology and ConservationNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
| | - Marcello De Vitis
- Chicago Botanic GardenNegaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and ActionGlencoeIllinoisUSA
- Plant Biology and ConservationNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
- Southeastern Grasslands InstituteAustin Peay State UniversityClarksvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Kayri Havens
- Chicago Botanic GardenNegaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and ActionGlencoeIllinoisUSA
- Plant Biology and ConservationNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
| | - Andrea T. Kramer
- Chicago Botanic GardenNegaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and ActionGlencoeIllinoisUSA
- Plant Biology and ConservationNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Jeremie Fant
- Chicago Botanic GardenNegaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and ActionGlencoeIllinoisUSA
- Plant Biology and ConservationNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
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27
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Ahmed MIY, Gorafi YSA, Kamal NM, Balla MY, Tahir ISA, Zheng L, Kawakami N, Tsujimoto H. Mining Aegilops tauschii genetic diversity in the background of bread wheat revealed a novel QTL for seed dormancy. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1270925. [PMID: 38107013 PMCID: PMC10723804 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1270925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Due to the low genetic diversity in the current wheat germplasm, gene mining from wild relatives is essential to develop new wheat cultivars that are more resilient to the changing climate. Aegilops tauschii, the D-genome donor of bread wheat, is a great gene source for wheat breeding; however, identifying suitable genes from Ae. tauschii is challenging due to the different morphology and the wide intra-specific variation within the species. In this study, we developed a platform for the systematic evaluation of Ae. tauschii traits in the background of the hexaploid wheat cultivar 'Norin 61' and thus for the identification of QTLs and genes. To validate our platform, we analyzed the seed dormancy trait that confers resistance to preharvest sprouting. We used a multiple synthetic derivative (MSD) population containing a genetic diversity of 43 Ae. tauschii accessions representing the full range of the species. Our results showed that only nine accessions in the population provided seed dormancy, and KU-2039 from Afghanistan had the highest level of seed dormancy. Therefore, 166 backcross inbred lines (BILs) were developed by crossing the synthetic wheat derived from KU-2039 with 'Norin 61' as the recurrent parent. The QTL mapping revealed one novel QTL, Qsd.alrc.5D, associated with dormancy explaining 41.7% of the phenotypic variation and other five unstable QTLs, two of which have already been reported. The Qsd.alrc.5D, identified for the first time within the natural variation of wheat, would be a valuable contribution to breeding after appropriate validation. The proposed platform that used the MSD population derived from the diverse Ae. tauschii gene pool and recombinant inbred lines proved to be a valuable platform for mining new and important QTLs or alleles, such as the novel seed dormancy QTL identified here. Likewise, such a platform harboring genetic diversity from wheat wild relatives could be a useful source for mining agronomically important traits, especially in the era of climate change and the narrow genetic diversity within the current wheat germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasir Serag Alnor Gorafi
- International Platform for Dryland Research and Education, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
- Gezira Research Station, Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), Wad-Medani, Sudan
| | - Nasrein Mohamed Kamal
- Gezira Research Station, Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), Wad-Medani, Sudan
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Mohammed Yousif Balla
- Gezira Research Station, Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), Wad-Medani, Sudan
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Izzat Sidahmed Ali Tahir
- Gezira Research Station, Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), Wad-Medani, Sudan
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Lipeng Zheng
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Naoto Kawakami
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
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Jin X, Li X, Xie Z, Sun Y, Jin L, Hu T, Huang J. Nuclear factor OsNF-YC5 modulates rice seed germination by regulating synergistic hormone signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2825-2847. [PMID: 37706533 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of seed dormancy/germination is of great importance for seedling establishment and crop production. Nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) transcription factors regulate plant growth and development, as well as stress responses; however, their roles in seed germination remain largely unknown. In this study, we reported that NF-Y gene OsNF-YC5 knockout increased, while its overexpression reduced, the seed germination in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ABA-induced seed germination inhibition assays showed that the osnf-yc5 mutant was less sensitive but OsNF-YC5-overexpressing lines were more sensitive to exogenous ABA than the wild type. Meanwhile, MeJA treatment substantially enhanced the ABA sensitivity of OsNF-YC5-overexpressing lines during seed germination. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the interaction of OSMOTIC STRESS/ABA-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 9 (SAPK9) with OsNF-YC5 enhanced the stability of OsNF-YC5 by protein phosphorylation, while the interaction between JASMONATE ZIM-domain protein 9 (OsJAZ9) and OsNF-YC5 repressed OsNF-YC5 transcriptional activity and promoted its degradation. Furthermore, OsNF-YC5 transcriptionally activated ABA catabolic gene OsABA8ox3, reducing ABA levels in germinating seeds. However, the transcriptional regulation of OsABA8ox3 by OsNF-YC5 was repressed by addition of OsJAZ9. Notably, OsNF-YC5 improved seed germination under salinity conditions. Further investigation showed that OsNF-YC5 activated the high-affinity K+ transporter gene (OsHAK21) expression, and addition of SAPK9 could increase the transcriptional regulation of OsHAK21 by OsNF-YC5, thus substantially reducing the ROS levels to enhance seed germination under salt stress. Our findings establish that OsNF-YC5 integrates ABA and JA signaling during rice seed germination, shedding light on the molecular networks of ABA-JA synergistic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkai Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zizhao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Liang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Junli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Zhai Z, Zhang K, Fang Y, Yang Y, Cao X, Liu L, Tian Y. Systematically and Comprehensively Understanding the Regulation of Cotton Fiber Initiation: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3771. [PMID: 37960127 PMCID: PMC10648247 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Cotton fibers provide an important source of raw materials for the textile industry worldwide. Cotton fiber is a kind of single cell that differentiates from the epidermis of the ovule and provides a perfect research model for the differentiation and elongation of plant cells. Cotton fiber initiation is the first stage throughout the entire developmental process. The number of fiber cell initials on the seed ovule epidermis decides the final fiber yield. Thus, it is of great significance to clarify the mechanism underlying cotton fiber initiation. Fiber cell initiation is controlled by complex and interrelated regulatory networks. Plant phytohormones, transcription factors, sugar signals, small signal molecules, functional genes, non-coding RNAs, and histone modification play important roles during this process. Here, we not only summarize the different kinds of factors involved in fiber cell initiation but also discuss the mechanisms of these factors that act together to regulate cotton fiber initiation. Our aim is to synthesize a systematic and comprehensive review of different factors during fiber initiation that will provide the basics for further illustrating these mechanisms and offer theoretical guidance for improving fiber yield in future molecular breeding work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyang Zhai
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Z.Z.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Z.Z.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Yao Fang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Z.Z.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Z.Z.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Xu Cao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Z.Z.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Z.Z.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Yue Tian
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Z.Z.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
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Fu J, Pei W, He L, Ma B, Tang C, Zhu L, Wang L, Zhong Y, Chen G, Wang Q, Wang Q. ZmEREB92 plays a negative role in seed germination by regulating ethylene signaling and starch mobilization in maize. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1011052. [PMID: 37976306 PMCID: PMC10691696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid and uniform seed germination is required for modern cropping system. Thus, it is important to optimize germination performance through breeding strategies in maize, in which identification for key regulators is needed. Here, we characterized an AP2/ERF transcription factor, ZmEREB92, as a negative regulator of seed germination in maize. Enhanced germination in ereb92 mutants is contributed by elevated ethylene signaling and starch degradation. Consistently, an ethylene signaling gene ZmEIL7 and an α-amylase gene ZmAMYa2 are identified as direct targets repressed by ZmEREB92. OsERF74, the rice ortholog of ZmEREB92, shows conserved function in negatively regulating seed germination in rice. Importantly, this orthologous gene pair is likely experienced convergently selection during maize and rice domestication. Besides, mutation of ZmEREB92 and OsERF74 both lead to enhanced germination under cold condition, suggesting their regulation on seed germination might be coupled with temperature sensitivity. Collectively, our findings uncovered the ZmEREB92-mediated regulatory mechanism of seed germination in maize and provide breeding targets for maize and rice to optimize seed germination performance towards changing climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingye Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenzheng Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linqian He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ben Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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31
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Silva BNP, Masetto TE, Zanzi JVS, Souza LCF. Regulation of dormancy break and germination of safflower seeds: the role of GA3, light and cold temperatures. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e270354. [PMID: 37820205 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.270354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The safflower crop is considered a great alternative for crop rotation since drought tolerance and low production cost are attractive for its choice. However, safflower seeds show dormancy soon after dispersal from the mother plant, making it difficult to successfully establish plants using newly harvested seeds. The influence of temperature, gibberellin and light/dark on dormancy break of safflower seeds during storage were investigated. In a completely randomized design, freshly harvested seeds or stored for 100 and 200 days (paper bag, 20 °C/ 60% UR) were treated with GA3 (0 and 100 µM), at 4, 10 and 25 °C, in the presence and absence of light, during the germination test. Seeds were evaluated for germination percentage, germination speed and seedling survival after 21 days. The temperature of 10 °C, in combination with GA3 (0/100 µM), or light/dark, provided the highest seed germination results, for freshly-harvested seeds and stored seeds. Collectively, these observations indicate that dormancy was not affected by gibberellic acid (100 µM GA3) and the germination results at 21 days were significantly higher, in relation to the use of GA3, under light or dark. Recently harvested seeds could efficiently germinate at 10 °C in the dark, while seeds dry-stored at 20 °C had decreased germination percentages.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N P Silva
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - T E Masetto
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - J V S Zanzi
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - L C F Souza
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Dourados, MS, Brasil
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Tuan PA, Nguyen TN, Toora PK, Ayele BT. Temporal and spatial transcriptional regulation of phytohormone metabolism during seed development in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1242913. [PMID: 37780505 PMCID: PMC10539596 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1242913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant hormones play important roles in seed development; however, transcriptional regulation of their metabolism and levels of the respective bioactive forms during barley seed development is poorly understood. To this end, this study performed a comprehensive analysis of changes in the expression patterns phytohormone metabolism genes and levels of the respective bioactive forms in the embryo and endosperm tissues. Our study showed the presence of elevated levels of abscisic acid (ABA), bioactive forms of gibberellins (GAs), jasmonate (JA) and cytokinins (CKs), auxin and salicylic acid (SA) in the endosperm and embryo tissues at early stage of seed filling (SF). The levels of all hormones in both tissues, except that of ABA, decreased to low levels during SF. In contrast, embryonic ABA level increased during SF and peaked at physiological maturity (PM) while the endospermic ABA was maintained at a similar level observed during SF. Although its level decreased high amount of ABA was still present in the embryo during post-PM. We detected low levels of ABA in the endosperm and all the other hormones in both tissues during post-PM phase except the relatively higher levels of jasmonoyl-isoleucine and SA detected at late stage of post-PM. Our data also showed that spatiotemporal changes in the levels of plant hormones during barley seed development are mediated by the expression of specific genes involved in their respective metabolic pathways. These results indicate that seed development in barley is mediated by spatiotemporal modulation in the metabolism and levels of plant hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Belay T. Ayele
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Kaur G, Toora PK, Tuan PA, McCartney CA, Izydorczyk MS, Badea A, Ayele BT. Genome-wide association and targeted transcriptomic analyses reveal loci and candidate genes regulating preharvest sprouting in barley. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:202. [PMID: 37642745 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Genome-wide association study of diverse barley genotypes identified loci, single nucleotide polymorphisms and candidate genes that control seed dormancy and therefore enhance resistance to preharvest sprouting. Preharvest sprouting (PHS) causes significant yield and quality loss in barley and it is strongly associated with the level of seed dormancy. This study performed genome-wide association study using a collection of 255 diverse barley genotypes grown over four environments to identify loci controlling dormancy/PHS. Our phenotypic analysis revealed substantial variation in germination index/dormancy levels among the barley genotypes. Marker-trait association and linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay analyses identified 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and two QTLs associated with dormancy/PHS, respectively, on chromosome 3H and 5H explaining 6.9% to 11.1% of the phenotypic variation. QTL.5H consist of 14 SNPs of which 12 SNPs satisfy the FDR threshold of α = 0.05, and it may represent the SD2 locus. The QTL on 3H consists of one SNP that doesn't satisfy FDR (α = 0.05). Genes harbouring the significant SNPs were analyzed for their expression pattern in the seeds of selected dormant and non-dormant genotypes. Of these genes, HvRCD1, HvPSRP1 and HvF3H exhibited differential expression between the dormant and non-dormant seed samples, suggesting their role in controlling seed dormancy/PHS. Three SNPs located within the differentially expressed genes residing in QTL.5H explained considerable phenotypic variation (≥ 8.6%), suggesting their importance in regulating PHS resistance. Analysis of the SNP marker data in QTL.5H identified a haplotype for PHS resistance. Overall, the study identified loci, SNPs and candidate genes that control dormancy and therefore play important roles in enhancing PHS resistance in barley through marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurkamal Kaur
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, 222 Agriculture Building, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Parneet K Toora
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, 222 Agriculture Building, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Pham Anh Tuan
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, 222 Agriculture Building, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Curt A McCartney
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, 222 Agriculture Building, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Marta S Izydorczyk
- Grain Research Laboratory, Canadian Grain Commission, Winnipeg, MB, R3C 3G8, Canada
| | - Ana Badea
- Brandon Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon, MB, R7A 5Y3, Canada
| | - Belay T Ayele
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, 222 Agriculture Building, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Wei Y, Wang S, Yu D. The Role of Light Quality in Regulating Early Seedling Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2746. [PMID: 37514360 PMCID: PMC10383958 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
It is well-established that plants are sessile and photoautotrophic organisms that rely on light throughout their entire life cycle. Light quality (spectral composition) is especially important as it provides energy for photosynthesis and influences signaling pathways that regulate plant development in the complex process of photomorphogenesis. During previous years, significant progress has been made in light quality's physiological and biochemical effects on crops. However, understanding how light quality modulates plant growth and development remains a complex challenge. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of light quality in regulating the early development of plants, encompassing processes such as seed germination, seedling de-etiolation, and seedling establishment. These insights can be harnessed to improve production planning and crop quality by producing high-quality seedlings in plant factories and improving the theoretical framework for modern agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmin Wei
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shuwei Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dashi Yu
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Tuo D, Wu J, Zou J, Dong G, Zeng W, Li J, Du D. Analysis of Hormone Regulation on Seed Germination of Coix Based on Muli-Omics Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2700. [PMID: 37514314 PMCID: PMC10385750 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination is an important stage of growth and reproduction and plays an important role in the life cycle of spermatophyte. It is co-determined by both genetic and environmental factors, and plant hormone regulation may be a highly conservative mechanism. Coix lachryrma-jobi (coix) is a grain with balanced nutrition for medicine and food and has substantial production value. It is an important part of agricultural production, and the efficiency of seed germination after sowing is a key link. In this study, coix species "small white shell Xingren" was used as the experimental material, and changes in gene expression levels and metabolite enrichment in seeds were identified by transcriptome and metabonomic analysis before and after seed germination. A total of 599 metabolites, including those from amino acid metabolism, sugar metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism, were significantly increased in germinating coix. Simultaneously, 10,929 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and functional clusters of genes were also significantly clustered in hormone-signaling and glucose and fatty acid metabolism. In addition, this study found that a considerable number of hormone-signaling genes were significantly up-regulated during seed germination, activating multiple metabolic processes. The results of our conjoint analysis of multi omics showed that glucose and fatty acid metabolism played an important role in seed germination under hormone regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghao Tuo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Juan Zou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Guoqing Dong
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Wanyong Zeng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Dengxiang Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
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Dong Y, Wang N, Wang S, Wang J, Peng W. A review: The nutrition components, active substances and flavonoid accumulation of Tartary buckwheat sprouts and innovative physical technology for seeds germinating. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1168361. [PMID: 37476405 PMCID: PMC10355155 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1168361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared with the common grain, Tartary buckwheat enjoys higher nutritional value. Some distinctive nutrition associated with physiological activity of Tartary buckwheat is valuable in medicine. In addition, it's a good feed crop. In the paper, the main components (starch, protein, amino acid, fatty acid and mineral) and polyphenol bioactive components in Tartary buckwheat and its sprouts were reviewed, and the accumulation of flavonoids in sprouts during germination, especially the methods, synthetic pathways and mechanisms of flavonoid accumulation was summarized. The research on bioactive components and health benefits of Tartary buckwheat also were reviewed. Besides, the applications of innovative physical technology including microwave, magnetic, electromagnetic, ultrasonic, and light were also mentioned and highlighted, which could promote the enrichment of some active substances during seeds germination and growth of Tartary buckwheat sprouts. It would give a good support and benefit for the research and processing of Tartary buckwheat and its sprouts in next day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Dong
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
| | - Shunmin Wang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
| | - Junzhen Wang
- Academy of Agricultural Science Liang Shan, Liangshan, China
| | - Wenping Peng
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
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Yu LL, Xu F. MAN5, a Glycosyl Hydrolase Superfamily Protein, Is a Key Factor Involved in Cyanide-Promoted Seed Germination in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1361. [PMID: 37510266 PMCID: PMC10379673 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Seed germination is the complex adaptive trait of higher plants influenced by a large number of genes and environmental factors. Numerous studies have been performed to better understand how germination is controlled by various environmental factors and applied chemicals, such as cyanide. However, still very little is known about the molecular mechanisms of how extrinsic signals regulate seed germination. Our and previous studies found that non-lethal cyanide treatment promotes seed germination, but the regulatory mechanism is unclear. In this study, we found that a low concentration of cyanide pretreatment significantly enhanced the expression of endo-β-mannanase 5 (MAN5) gene in Arabidopsis thaliana, and the mutation of this gene impaired cyanide-mediated seed germination. In contrast, overexpression of MAN5 gene enhanced Arabidopsis seed germination ability under both normal and salt stress conditions. Further studies showed that the expression of the MAN5 gene was negatively regulated by ABA insensitive 5 (ABI5); In abi5 mutant seeds, the expression of the MAN5 gene was increased and the seed germination rate was accelerated. Additionally, cyanide pretreatment markedly reduced the gene expression of ABI5 in Arabidopsis seeds. Taken together, our data support the involvement of MAN5 as a key gene in cyanide-mediated seed germination and confirm the role of ABI5 as a critical negative factor involved in cyanide-regulated MAN5 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Yu
- Applied Biotechnology Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China;
| | - Fei Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China
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Zhou Y, Zhao C, Du T, Li A, Qin Z, Zhang L, Dong S, Wang Q, Hou F. Overexpression of 9- cis-Epoxycarotenoid Dioxygenase Gene, IbNCED1, Negatively Regulates Plant Height in Transgenic Sweet Potato. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10421. [PMID: 37445599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant height is one of the key agronomic traits for improving the yield of sweet potato. Phytohormones, especially gibberellins (GAs), are crucial to regulate plant height. The enzyme 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) is the key enzyme for abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis signalling in higher plants. However, its role in regulating plant height has not been reported to date. Here, we cloned a new NCED gene, IbNCED1, from the sweet potato cultivar Jishu26. This gene encoded the 587-amino acid polypeptide containing an NCED superfamily domain. The expression level of IbNCED1 was highest in the stem and the old tissues in the in vitro-grown and field-grown Jishu26, respectively. The expression of IbNCED1 was induced by ABA and GA3. Overexpression of IbNCED1 promoted the accumulation of ABA and inhibited the content of active GA3 and plant height and affected the expression levels of genes involved in the GA metabolic pathway. Exogenous application of GA3 could rescue the dwarf phenotype. In conclusion, we suggest that IbNCED1 regulates plant height and development by controlling the ABA and GA signalling pathways in transgenic sweet potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhou
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chunling Zhao
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Taifeng Du
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Aixian Li
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shunxu Dong
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Qingmei Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Fuyun Hou
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
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Habibpourmehraban F, Wu Y, Masoomi-Aladizgeh F, Amirkhani A, Atwell BJ, Haynes PA. Pre-Treatment of Rice Plants with ABA Makes Them More Tolerant to Multiple Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119628. [PMID: 37298579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple abiotic stress is known as a type of environmental unfavourable condition maximizing the yield and growth gap of crops compared with the optimal condition in both natural and cultivated environments. Rice is the world's most important staple food, and its production is limited the most by environmental unfavourable conditions. In this study, we investigated the pre-treatment of abscisic acid (ABA) on the tolerance of the IAC1131 rice genotype to multiple abiotic stress after a 4-day exposure to combined drought, salt and extreme temperature treatments. A total of 3285 proteins were identified and quantified across the four treatment groups, consisting of control and stressed plants with and without pre-treatment with ABA, with 1633 of those proteins found to be differentially abundant between groups. Compared with the control condition, pre-treatment with the ABA hormone significantly mitigated the leaf damage against combined abiotic stress at the proteome level. Furthermore, the application of exogenous ABA did not affect the proteome profile of the control plants remarkably, while the results were different in stress-exposed plants by a greater number of proteins changed in abundance, especially those which were increased. Taken together, these results suggest that exogenous ABA has a potential priming effect for enhancing the rice seedlings' tolerance against combined abiotic stress, mainly by affecting stress-responsive mechanisms dependent on ABA signalling pathways in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Habibpourmehraban
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Yunqi Wu
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Farhad Masoomi-Aladizgeh
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ardeshir Amirkhani
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Brian J Atwell
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Paul A Haynes
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
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40
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Liang B, Cao J, Wang R, Fan C, Wang W, Hu X, He R, Tai F. ZmCIPK32 positively regulates germination of stressed seeds via gibberellin signal. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 199:107716. [PMID: 37116226 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) as specific calcium sensors that interact with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) play a key role in the regulation of plant development and abiotic stress tolerance. In this study, we isolated and characterized the CIPK32 gene from Zea mays. ZmCIPK32 showed that it comprised 440 amino acids and a conserved NAF motif responsible for the interaction with CBLs localized in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. The interaction of ZmCIPK32 with ZmCBL1 and ZmCBL9 demonstrated using yeast two-hybrid system and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay required the presence of the NAF domain. Overexpression of ZmCIPK32 promoted early germination in transgenic Arabidopsis seeds relative to that observed in wild-type (WT) plants under mannitol treatment. In addition, ZmCIPK32-overexpressing plants were insensitive to treatments with exogenous abscisic acid and paclobutrazol (PBZ) at seed germination and early seedling stages. Expression levels of the key genes GA20ox and GA3ox involved in the synthesis of gibberellin (GA) were increased, whereas expression levels of genes involved in the conversion of active GA to inactive forms and GA signaling were reduced in ZmCIPK32-overexpressing plants relative to those in WT plants under mannitol and PBZ treatments. Furthermore, overexpression of ZmCIPK32 increased GA level but decreased abscisic acid level in transgenic lines compared to the respective levels in WT plants under PBZ or mannitol treatments. Our results suggest that ZmCIPK32 positively regulates seed germination under stressed conditions by modulating GA signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benshuai Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiahui Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chenjie Fan
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiuli Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Rui He
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Fuju Tai
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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41
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Malviya R, Dey S, Pandey A, Gayen D. Genome-wide identification and expression pattern analysis of lipoxygenase genes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in response to accelerated aging. Gene 2023; 874:147482. [PMID: 37187244 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Seed aging is a major problem which is caused by various factors such as unfavorable physiological, biochemical, and metabolic alterations in seed cells. Lipoxygenase (LOXs), an oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, acts as a negative regulator in seed viability and vigour during storage. In this study, we identified ten putative LOX gene family members in the chickpea genome, designated as "CaLOX" which are mainly located in the cytoplasm and chloroplast. These genes share different physiochemical properties and similarities in their gene structures and conserved functional regions. The promoter region contained the cis-regulatory elements and transcription binding factors, which were mainly linked to biotic and abiotic stress, hormones, and light responsiveness. In this study, chickpea seeds were treated with accelerated aging treatment for 0, 2, and 4 days at 45°C and 85 % relative humidity. Increased level of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, electrolyte leakage, proline, lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, and decreased catalase activity indicates cellular dysfunction and demonstrated seed deterioration. Quantitative real-time analysis reveals that 6 CaLOX genes were upregulated, and 4 CaLOX genes were downregulated during the seed aging process in chickpea. This comprehensive study will reveal the role of the CaLOX gene in response to aging treatment. The identified gene may be used to develop better-quality seeds in chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinku Malviya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305817
| | - Sharmistha Dey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305817
| | - Anuradha Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305817
| | - Dipak Gayen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305817.
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Gómez-Álvarez EM, Tondelli A, Nghi KN, Voloboeva V, Giordano G, Valè G, Perata P, Pucciariello C. Barley's inability to germinate after submergence depends on hypoxia-induced secondary dormancy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023:erad151. [PMID: 37100757 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change has dramatically increased flooding events, which have a strong impact on crop production. Barley is one of the most important cereals and its cultivation includes a broad range of different environments. We tested the capacity to germinate of a large barley panel after a short period of submergence followed by a recovery phase. We demonstrated that sensitive barley varieties activate underwater secondary dormancy because of a lower permeability to oxygen dissolved in water. In sensitive barley accessions, secondary dormancy is removed by nitric oxide donors. Our genome wide association study results uncovered a laccase gene located in a region of significant marker-trait association that is differently regulated during grain development and plays a key role in this process. We believe that our findings will help to improve the genetics of barley thereby increasing the capacity of seeds to germinate after a short period of flooding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Tondelli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Italy
| | - Khac Nhu Nghi
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Current Biotechnology Center, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam
| | | | - Guido Giordano
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giampiero Valè
- Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e la Transizione Ecologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Pucciariello
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- nanoPlant Center @NEST, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
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43
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Kępczyński J, Wójcik A, Dziurka M. NO-mediated dormancy release of Avena fatua caryopses is associated with decrease in abscisic acid sensitivity, content and ABA/GA s ratios. PLANTA 2023; 257:101. [PMID: 37087501 PMCID: PMC10122620 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION NO releases caryopsis dormancy in Avena fatua, the effect being dependent on the level of dormancy. The NO effect involves also the reduction of caryopsis sensitivity to ABA and to a decrease in the ABA to GAs ratio due to a decrease in ABA levels and the lack of effect on GAs levels before germination is completed. Nitric oxide (NO) from various donors (i.e. SNP, GSNO and acidified KNO2), applied to dry caryopses or during initial germination, released primary dormancy in caryopses. Dormancy in caryopses was gradually lost during dry storage (after-ripening) at 25 °C, enabling germination at 20 °C in the dark. The after-ripening effect is associated with a decrease in NO required for germination. In addition, NO decreased the sensitivity of dormant caryopses to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and decreased the embryos' ABA content before germination was completed. However, NO did not affect the content of bioactive gibberellins (GAs) from non-13-hydroxylation (GA4, GA7) and 13-hydroxylation (GA1, GA3, GA6.) pathways. Paclobutrazol (PAC), commonly regarded as a GAs biosynthesis inhibitor, counteracted the dormancy-releasing effect of NO and did not affect the GAs level; however, it increased the ABA content in embryos before germination was completed. Ascorbic acid, sodium benzoate and tiron, scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced the stimulatory effect of NO on caryopsis germination. This work provides new insight on the participation of NO in releasing A. fatua caryopses dormancy and on the relationship of NO with endogenous ABA and GAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kępczyński
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71-415, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Agata Wójcik
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71-415, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Michał Dziurka
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 20-239, Krakow, Poland
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44
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Singh A, Roychoudhury A. Abscisic acid in plants under abiotic stress: crosstalk with major phytohormones. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:961-974. [PMID: 37079058 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03013-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Extensive crosstalk exists among ABA and different phytohormones that modulate plant tolerance against different abiotic stress. Being sessile, plants are exposed to a wide range of abiotic stress (drought, heat, cold, salinity and metal toxicity) that exert unwarranted threat to plant life and drastically affect growth, development, metabolism, and yield of crops. To cope with such harsh conditions, plants have developed a wide range of protective phytohormones of which abscisic acid plays a pivotal role. It controls various physiological processes of plants such as leaf senescence, seed dormancy, stomatal closure, fruit ripening, and other stress-related functions. Under challenging situations, physiological responses of ABA manifested in the form of morphological, cytological, and anatomical alterations arise as a result of synergistic or antagonistic interaction with multiple phytohormones. This review provides new insight into ABA homeostasis and its perception and signaling crosstalk with other phytohormones at both molecular and physiological level under critical conditions including drought, salinity, heavy metal toxicity, and extreme temperature. The review also reveals the role of ABA in the regulation of various physiological processes via its positive or negative crosstalk with phytohormones, viz., gibberellin, melatonin, cytokinin, auxin, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, brassinosteroids, and strigolactone in response to alteration of environmental conditions. This review forms a basis for designing of plants that will have an enhanced tolerance capability against different abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016, West Bengal, India
| | - Aryadeep Roychoudhury
- Discipline of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi, 110068, India.
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45
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Song G, Son S, Nam S, Suh EJ, Lee SI, Park SR. OsWRKY114 Is a Player in Rice Immunity against Fusarium fujikuroi. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076604. [PMID: 37047576 PMCID: PMC10094899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Every year, invasive pathogens cause significant damage to crops. Thus, identifying genes conferring broad-spectrum resistance to invading pathogens is critical for plant breeding. We previously demonstrated that OsWRKY114 contributes to rice (Oryza sativa L.) immunity against the bacterial pathovar Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). However, it is not known whether OsWRKY114 is involved in defense responses to other pathogens. In this study, we revealed that OsWRKY114 enhances innate immunity in rice against the fungal pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi, which is the causal agent of bakanae disease. Transcript levels of various gibberellin-related genes that are required for plant susceptibility to F. fujikuroi were reduced in rice plants overexpressing OsWRKY114. Analysis of disease symptoms revealed increased innate immunity against F. fujikuroi in OsWRKY114-overexpressing rice plants. Moreover, the expression levels of OsJAZ genes, which encode negative regulators of jasmonic acid signaling that confer immunity against F. fujikuroi, were reduced in OsWRKY114-overexpressing rice plants. These results indicate that OsWRKY114 confers broad-spectrum resistance not only to Xoo but also to F. fujikuroi. Our findings provide a basis for developing strategies to mitigate pathogen attack and improve crop resilience to biotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giha Song
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Son
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyeon Nam
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Suh
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo In Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ryeol Park
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
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Chen D, Zou W, Zhang M, Liu J, Chen L, Peng T, Ye G. Genome-Wide Association Study for Seed Dormancy Using Re-Sequenced Germplasm under Multiple Conditions in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076117. [PMID: 37047087 PMCID: PMC10094323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Seed dormancy is a key factor used to determine seed germination in rice production. So far, only a few genes controlling seed dormancy have been reported, and the genetic mechanism of rice seed dormancy is still elusive. In this study, a population of 195 diverse re-sequenced accessions from 40 countries was evaluated for the seed germination rate (GR) without dormancy breaking (WDB) as a control and under dry heating (DH) and gibberellic acid (GA) treatments, as dormancy breaking agents to identify QTLs for seed dormancy. Phenotypic assessment revealed that these accessions had abundant variations in seed dormancy. GWAS using 1,120,223 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and a mixed linear model (MLM) incorporating both principal components (PCs) and kinship (K) identified 30 QTLs on 10 chromosomes, accounting for 7.3-20.4% of the phenotypic variance in GR. Ten of the QTLs were located in the regions of previously reported QTLs, while the rest were novel ones. Thirteen high-confidence candidate genes were predicted for the four QTLs detected in two or three conditions (qGR4-4, qGR4-5, qGR8 and qGR11-4) and one QTL with a large effect (qGR3). These genes were highly expressed during seed development and were significantly regulated by various hormone treatments. This study provides new insights into the genetic and molecular basis of rice seed dormancy/germination. The accessions with moderate and strong dormancy and markers for the QTLs and candidate genes are useful for attaining a proper level of seed dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Wenli Zou
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Mingpei Zhang
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Henan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jindong Liu
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Liang Chen
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Ting Peng
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Guoyou Ye
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Rice Breeding Innovations Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Metro Manila 1301, Philippines
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47
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Eldin SMS, Shawky E, Ghareeb DA, El Sohafy SM, Sallam SM. Metabolomics and chemometrics depict the changes in the chemical profile of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) bioactive metabolites during seed germination. Food Chem 2023; 418:135967. [PMID: 36965385 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
The current study attempts to illustrate how the chemical and biological profile of white lupine seeds varies throughout the course of various germination days using UHPLC-QqQ-MS combined to chemometrics. Abscisic acid showed maximum level in the un-germinated seeds and started to decline with seed germination accompanied by an increase in the levels of gibberellins which were undetectable in un-germinated seeds. Coumaronochromones were the most prevalent constituents detected in un-germinated seeds while day 2 sprouts showed significant accumulation of flavones. The levels of alkaloids showed significant increase upon germination of the seeds reaching its maximum in day 14 sprouts. The OPLS model coefficients plot indicated that lupinalbin D and F, apigenin hexoside, kaempferol hexoside, albine, and hydoxylupanine showed strong positive correlation to the alpha amylase inhibitory activity of the tested samples while lupinalbin A, lupinisoflavone, lupinic acid and multiflorine were positively correlated to the inhibition of alpha glycosidase activity. The results obtained indicated that seed germination has a profound effect on the chemical profile as well as the in-vitro antidiabetic activity of lupine seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa M Shams Eldin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Eman Shawky
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Doaa A Ghareeb
- Bio‑Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samah M El Sohafy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa M Sallam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
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Choudhary P, Pramitha L, Aggarwal PR, Rana S, Vetriventhan M, Muthamilarasan M. Biotechnological interventions for improving the seed longevity in cereal crops: progress and prospects. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:309-325. [PMID: 35443842 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2027863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Seed longevity is a measure of the viability of seeds during long-term storage and is crucial for germplasm conservation and crop improvement programs. Also, longevity is an important trait for ensuring food and nutritional security. Thus, a better understanding of various factors regulating seed longevity is requisite to improve this trait and to minimize the genetic drift during the regeneration of germplasm. In particular, seed deterioration of cereal crops during storage adversely affects agricultural productivity and food security. The irreversible process of seed deterioration involves a complex interplay between different genes and regulatory pathways leading to: loss of DNA integrity, membrane damage, inactivation of storage enzymes and mitochondrial dysfunction. Identifying the genetic determinants of seed longevity and manipulating them using biotechnological tools hold the key to ensuring prolonged seed storage. Genetics and genomics approaches had identified several genomic regions regulating the longevity trait in major cereals such as: rice, wheat, maize and barley. However, very few studies are available in other Poaceae members, including millets. Deploying omics tools, including genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and phenomics, and integrating the datasets will pinpoint the precise molecular determinants affecting the survivability of seeds. Given this, the present review enumerates the genetic factors regulating longevity and demonstrates the importance of integrated omics strategies to dissect the molecular machinery underlying seed deterioration. Further, the review provides a roadmap for deploying biotechnological approaches to manipulate the genes and genomic regions to develop improved cultivars with prolonged storage potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Lydia Pramitha
- School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - Pooja Rani Aggarwal
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sumi Rana
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mani Vetriventhan
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, India
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Zhou W, Duan Y, Jiang X, Tan X, Li Q, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhang M. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal novel insights into the seed germination of Michelia chapensis, an endangered species in China. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 328:111568. [PMID: 36528126 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Michelia chapensis Dandy, a well-known medicinal woody plant endemic to China, is endangered and seriously constricted by seed dormancy-induced low-regeneration in natural conditions. Cold stratification can effectively reduce seed dormancy and promote the seed germination of M. chapensis. However, the molecular events and systematic changes that occurred during seed germination in M. chapensis remain largely unknown. In this study, we carried out transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms underlying seed germination in M. chapensis under cold stratification. The results showed that the embryo cells became bigger and looser with increasing stratification time. Moreover, the endosperm appeared reduced due to the consumption of nutrients. Seventeen phytohormones were examined by the metabolome targeted for hormones. Compared with the ES (no stratification), the levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellin A3 (GA3) were increased in the MS (stratification for 45 days), while the abscisic acid (ABA) was downregulated in both MS and LS (stratification for 90 days). The transcriptome profiling identified 24975 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the seeds during germination. The seed germination of M. chapensis was mainly regulated by the biological pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, energy supply, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, photosynthesis-related metabolism, and transcriptional regulation. This study reveals the biological evidence of seed germination at the transcriptional level and provides a foundation for unraveling molecular mechanisms regulating the seed germination of M. chapensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuxian Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Duan
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Xiaogang Jiang
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Xuhui Tan
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Qin Li
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China
| | - Yajuan Zhang
- Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Meide Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Enshi, China.
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50
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Ge N, Jia JS, Yang L, Huang RM, Wang QY, Chen C, Meng ZG, Li LG, Chen JW. Exogenous gibberellic acid shortening after-ripening process and promoting seed germination in a medicinal plant Panax notoginseng. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:67. [PMID: 36721119 PMCID: PMC9890714 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04084-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax notoginseng (Burk) F.H. Chen is an essential plant in the family of Araliaceae. Its seeds are classified as a type of morphophysiological dormancy (MPD), and are characterized by recalcitrance during the after-ripening process. However, it is not clear about the molecular mechanism on the after-ripening in recalcitrant seeds. RESULTS In this study, exogenous supply of gibberellic acid (GA3) with different concentrations shortened after-ripening process and promoted the germination of P. notoginseng seeds. Among the identified plant hormone metabolites, exogenous GA3 results in an increased level of endogenous hormone GA3 through permeation. A total of 2971 and 9827 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in response to 50 mg L-1 GA3 (LG) and 500 mg L-1 GA3 (HG) treatment, respectively, and the plant hormone signal and related metabolic pathways regulated by GA3 was significantly enriched. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that GA3 treatment enhances GA biosynthesis and accumulation, while inhibiting the gene expression related to ABA signal transduction. This effect was associated with higher expression of crucial seed embryo development and cell wall loosening genes, Leafy Contyledon1 (LEC1), Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA), expansins (EXP) and Pectinesterase (PME). CONCLUSIONS Exogenous GA3 application promotes germination and shorts the after-ripening process of P. notoginseng seeds by increasing GA3 contents through permeation. Furthermore, the altered ratio of GA and ABA contributes to the development of the embryo, breaks the mechanical constraints of the seed coat and promotes the protrusion of the radicle in recalcitrant P. notoginseng seeds. These findings improve our knowledge of the contribution of GA to regulating the dormancy of MPD seeds during the after-ripening process, and provide new theoretical guidance for the application of recalcitrant seeds in agricultural production and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ge
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, 650201, Kunming, China
| | - Jin-Shan Jia
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, 650201, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, 650201, Kunming, China
| | - Rong-Mei Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, 650201, Kunming, China
| | - Qing-Yan Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, 650201, Kunming, China
| | - Cui Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, 650201, Kunming, China
| | - Zhen-Gui Meng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, 650201, Kunming, China
| | - Long-Geng Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, 650201, Kunming, China
| | - Jun-Wen Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, 650201, Kunming, China.
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