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Yue WL, Ng KK, Liu S, Qian X, Chong JSX, Koh AJ, Ong MQW, Ting SKS, Ng ASL, Kandiah N, Yeo BTT, Zhou JH. Differential spatial working memory-related functional network reconfiguration in young and older adults. Netw Neurosci 2024; 8:395-417. [PMID: 38952809 PMCID: PMC11142455 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional brain networks have preserved architectures in rest and task; nevertheless, previous work consistently demonstrated task-related brain functional reorganization. Efficient rest-to-task functional network reconfiguration is associated with better cognition in young adults. However, aging and cognitive load effects, as well as contributions of intra- and internetwork reconfiguration, remain unclear. We assessed age-related and load-dependent effects on global and network-specific functional reconfiguration between rest and a spatial working memory (SWM) task in young and older adults, then investigated associations between functional reconfiguration and SWM across loads and age groups. Overall, global and network-level functional reconfiguration between rest and task increased with age and load. Importantly, more efficient functional reconfiguration associated with better performance across age groups. However, older adults relied more on internetwork reconfiguration of higher cognitive and task-relevant networks. These reflect the consistent importance of efficient network updating despite recruitment of additional functional networks to offset reduction in neural resources and a change in brain functional topology in older adults. Our findings generalize the association between efficient functional reconfiguration and cognition to aging and demonstrate distinct brain functional reconfiguration patterns associated with SWM in aging, highlighting the importance of combining rest and task measures to study aging cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Lin Yue
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore
| | - Kwun Kei Ng
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Siwei Liu
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Xing Qian
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Joanna Su Xian Chong
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Amelia Jialing Koh
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Marcus Qin Wen Ong
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | | | | | - Nagaendran Kandiah
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
- Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - B. T. Thomas Yeo
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, N.1 Institute for Health and Memory Networks Program, National University of Singapore
| | - Juan Helen Zhou
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore
- Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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Rizza A, Pedale T, Mastroberardino S, Olivetti Belardinelli M, Van der Lubbe RHJ, Spence C, Santangelo V. Working Memory Maintenance of Visual and Auditory Spatial Information Relies on Supramodal Neural Codes in the Dorsal Frontoparietal Cortex. Brain Sci 2024; 14:123. [PMID: 38391698 PMCID: PMC10886761 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The frontoparietal attention network plays a pivotal role during working memory (WM) maintenance, especially under high-load conditions. Nevertheless, there is ongoing debate regarding whether this network relies on supramodal or modality-specific neural signatures. In this study, we used multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) to evaluate the neural representation of visual versus auditory information during WM maintenance. During fMRI scanning, participants maintained small or large spatial configurations (low- or high-load trials) of either colour shades or sound pitches in WM for later retrieval. Participants were less accurate in retrieving high- vs. low-load trials, demonstrating an effective manipulation of WM load, irrespective of the sensory modality. The frontoparietal regions involved in maintaining high- vs. low-load spatial maps in either sensory modality were highlighted using a conjunction analysis. Widespread activity was found across the dorsal frontoparietal network, peaking on the frontal eye fields and the superior parietal lobule, bilaterally. Within these regions, MVPAs were performed to quantify the pattern of distinctness of visual vs. auditory neural codes during WM maintenance. These analyses failed to reveal distinguishable patterns in the dorsal frontoparietal regions, thus providing support for a common, supramodal neural code associated with the retention of either visual or auditory spatial configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Rizza
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pedale
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Mastroberardino
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences & Education, University of Perugia, Piazza G. Ermini 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marta Olivetti Belardinelli
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- ECONA, Interuniversity Centre for Research on Cognitive Processing in Natural and Artificial Systems, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rob H J Van der Lubbe
- Cognition, Data and Education, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Vision Science and Optometry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wieniawskiego 1, 61-712 Poznan, Poland
| | - Charles Spence
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Anna Watts Building, Oxford OX2 6BW, UK
| | - Valerio Santangelo
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences & Education, University of Perugia, Piazza G. Ermini 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Singh NA, Martin PR, Graff-Radford J, Machulda MM, Carrasquillo MM, Ertekin-Taner N, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. APOE ε4 influences within and between network functional connectivity in posterior cortical atrophy and logopenic progressive aphasia. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:3858-3866. [PMID: 36999481 PMCID: PMC10523970 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Presence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 has shown greater predisposition to medial temporal involvement in posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) and logopenic progressive aphasia (LPA). Little is known about its influence on memory network connectivity, a network comprised of medial temporal structures. METHODS Fifty-eight PCA and 82 LPA patients underwent structural and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Bayesian hierarchical linear models assessed the influence of APOE ε4 on within and between-network connectivity for five networks. RESULTS APOE ε4 carriers showed reduced memory and language within-network connectivity in LPA and increased salience within-network connectivity in PCA compared to non-carriers. Between-network analysis showed evidence of reduced DMN connectivity in APOE ε4 carriers, with reduced DMN-to-salience and DMN-to-language network connectivity in PCA, and reduced DMN-to-visual network connectivity in LPA. DISCUSSION The APOE genotype influences brain connectivity, both within and between-networks, in atypical Alzheimer's disease. However, there was evidence that the modulatory effects of APOE differ across phenotype. HIGHLIGHTS APOE genotype is associated with reductions in within-network connectivity for the memory and language networks in LPA APOE genotype is associated with reductions in language-to-visual connectivity in LPA and PCA APOE genotype has no effect on the memory network in PCA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter R Martin
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Mary M Machulda
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | - Keith A Josephs
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Koshino H, Osaka M, Shimokawa T, Kaneda M, Taniguchi S, Minamoto T, Yaoi K, Azuma M, Higo K, Osaka N. Cooperation and competition between the default mode network and frontal parietal network in the elderly. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1140399. [PMID: 37275713 PMCID: PMC10237017 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1140399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has shown that the Default Mode Network (DMN) typically exhibits increased activation during processing of social and personal information but shows deactivation during working memory (WM) tasks. Previously, we reported the Frontal Parietal Network (FPN) and DMN showed coactivation during task preparation whereas the DMN exhibited deactivation during task execution in working memory tasks. Aging research has shown that older adults exhibited decreased functional connectivity in the DMN relative to younger adults. Here, we investigated whether age-related cognitive decline is related to a reduced relationship between the FPN and DMN using a working memory task during the execution period. First, we replicated our previous finding that the FPN and DMN showed coactivation during the preparation period, whereas the DMN showed deactivation during the execution period. The older adults showed reduced DMN activity during task preparation and reduced deactivation during task execution; however, they exhibited a higher magnitude of activation in the FPN than the young individuals during task execution. Functional connectivity analyses showed that the elderly group, compared to the young group, showed weaker correlations within the FPN and the DMN, weaker positive correlations between the FPN and DMN during task preparation, and weaker negative correlations between the FPN and DMN during execution. The results suggest that cognitive decline in the older adults might be related to reduced connectivity within the DMN as well as between the FPN and DMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideya Koshino
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Mariko Osaka
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Shimokawa
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kaneda
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seira Taniguchi
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takehiro Minamoto
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Yaoi
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miyuki Azuma
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuki Higo
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Osaka
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Won J, Nielson KA, Smith JC. Large-Scale Network Connectivity and Cognitive Function Changes After Exercise Training in Older Adults with Intact Cognition and Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:399-413. [PMID: 37220620 PMCID: PMC10200248 DOI: 10.3233/adr-220062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite growing evidence regarding the association between exercise training (ET) and functional brain network connectivity, little is known about the effects of ET on large-scale within- and between-network functional connectivity (FC) of core brain networks. Objective We investigated the effects of ET on within- and between-network functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), and salience network (SAL) in older adults with intact cognition (CN) and older adults diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The association between ET-induced changes in FC and cognitive performance was examined. Methods 33 older adults (78.0±7.0 years; 16 MCI and 17 CN) participated in this study. Before and after a 12-week walking ET intervention, participants underwent a graded exercise test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), a narrative memory test (logical memory; LM), and a resting-state fMRI scan. We examined the within (W) and between (B) network connectivity of the DMN, FPN, and SAL. We used linear regression to examine associations between ET-related changes in network connectivity and cognitive function. Results There were significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, COWAT, RAVLT, and LM after ET across participants. Significant increases in DMNW and SALW, and DMN-FPNB, DMN-SALB, and FPN-SALB were observed after ET. Greater SALW and FPN-SALB were associated with enhanced LM immediate recall performance after ET in both groups. Conclusion Increased within- and between-network connectivity following ET may subserve improvements in memory performance in older individuals with intact cognition and with MCI due to Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyeon Won
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kristy A. Nielson
- Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - J. Carson Smith
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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Rashidi-Ranjbar N, Rajji TK, Hawco C, Kumar S, Herrmann N, Mah L, Flint AJ, Fischer CE, Butters MA, Pollock BG, Dickie EW, Bowie CR, Soffer M, Mulsant BH, Voineskos AN. Association of functional connectivity of the executive control network or default mode network with cognitive impairment in older adults with remitted major depressive disorder or mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:468-477. [PMID: 35410366 PMCID: PMC9852291 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. The present study aimed to better understand this risk by comparing resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) in the executive control network (ECN) and the default mode network (DMN) in older adults with MDD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Additionally, we examined the association between rsFC in the ECN or DMN and cognitive impairment transdiagnostically. We assessed rsFC alterations in ECN and DMN in 383 participants from five groups at-risk for dementia-remitted MDD with normal cognition (MDD-NC), non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI), remitted MDD + naMCI, amnestic MCI (aMCI), and remitted MDD + aMCI-and from healthy controls (HC) or individuals with Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Subject-specific whole-brain functional connectivity maps were generated for each network and group differences in rsFC were calculated. We hypothesized that alteration of rsFC in the ECN and DMN would be progressively larger among our seven groups, ranked from low to high according to their risk for dementia as HC, MDD-NC, naMCI, MDD + naMCI, aMCI, MDD + aMCI, and AD. We also regressed scores of six cognitive domains (executive functioning, processing speed, language, visuospatial memory, verbal memory, and working memory) on the ECN and DMN connectivity maps. We found a significant alteration in the rsFC of the ECN, with post hoc testing showing differences between the AD group and the HC, MDD-NC, or naMCI groups, but no significant alterations in rsFC of the DMN. Alterations in rsFC of the ECN and DMN were significantly associated with several cognitive domain scores transdiagnostically. Our findings suggest that a diagnosis of remitted MDD may not confer functional brain risk for dementia. However, given the association of rs-FC with cognitive performance (i.e., transdiagnostically), rs-FC may help in stratifying this risk among people with MDD and varying degrees of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rashidi-Ranjbar
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Colin Hawco
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Linda Mah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Baycrest Health Sciences, Rotman Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alastair J Flint
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Corinne E Fischer
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Meryl A Butters
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bruce G Pollock
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erin W Dickie
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher R Bowie
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry (CRB), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Matan Soffer
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Tapper A, Staines WR, Niechwiej-Szwedo E. EEG reveals deficits in sensory gating and cognitive processing in asymptomatic adults with a history of concussion. Brain Inj 2022; 36:1266-1279. [PMID: 36071612 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2022.2120210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with a concussion history tend to perform worse on dual-tasks compared controls but the underlying neural mechanisms contributing to these deficits are not understood. This study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate sensory gating and cognitive processing in athletes with and without a history of concussion while they performed a challenging dual-task. METHODS We recorded sensory (P50, N100) and cognitive (P300) ERPs in 30 athletes (18 no previous concussion; 12 history of concussion) while they simultaneously performed an auditory oddball task and a working memory task that progressively increased in difficulty. RESULTS The concussion group had reduced auditory performance as workload increased compared to the no-concussion group. Sensory gating and cognitive processing were reduced in the concussion group indicating problems with filtering relevant from irrelevant information and appropriately allocating resources. Sensory gating (N100) was positively correlated with cognitive processing (P300) at the hardest workload in the no-concussion group but negatively correlated in the concussion group. CONCLUSION Concussions result in long-term problems in behavioral performance, which may be due to poorer sensory gating that impacts cognitive processing. SIGNIFICANCE Problems effectively gating sensory information may influence the availability or allocation of attention at the cognitive stage in those with a concussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Tapper
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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Goddard E, Contini EW, Irish M. Exploring Information Flow from Posteromedial Cortex during Visuospatial Working Memory: A Magnetoencephalography Study. J Neurosci 2022; 42:5944-5955. [PMID: 35732493 PMCID: PMC9337606 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2129-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The posteromedial cortex (PMC) is a major hub of the brain's default mode network, and is implicated in a broad range of internally driven cognitions, including visuospatial working memory. However, its precise contribution to these cognitive processes remains unclear. Using MEG, we measured PMC activity in healthy human participants (young adults of both sexes) while they performed a visuospatial working memory task. Multivariate pattern classification analyses revealed stimulus-related information during encoding and retrieval in a set of a priori defined cortical ROIs, including prefrontal, occipital, and ventrotemporal cortices, in addition to PMC. We measured the extent to which this stimulus information was exchanged between areas in an information flow analysis, measuring Granger-causal relationships between areas over time. Consistent with the visual nature of the task, information from occipital cortex shaped other regions across most epochs. However, the PMC shaped object representations in occipital and prefrontal cortices during visuospatial working memory, influencing occipital cortex during retrieval and PFC across all task epochs. Our findings are consistent with a proposed role for the PMC in the representation of internal content, including remembered information, and in the comparison of external stimuli with remembered material.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The human brain operates as a collection of highly interconnected regions. Mapping the function of this interconnectivity, as well as the specializations within different regions, is central to understanding the neural processes underlying cognition. The posteromedial cortex (PMC) is a highly connected cortical region, implicated in visuospatial working memory, although its precise contribution remains unclear. We measured the activity of PMC during a visuospatial working memory task, testing how different regions represented the stimuli, and whether these representations were driven by other cortical regions. We found that PMC influenced stimulus information in other regions across all task phases, suggesting that PMC plays a key role in shaping stimulus representations during visuospatial working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Goddard
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Erika W Contini
- Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Muireann Irish
- University of Sydney, School of Psychology and Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
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Briggs RG, Young IM, Dadario NB, Fonseka RD, Hormovas J, Allan P, Larsen ML, Lin YH, Tanglay O, Maxwell BD, Conner AK, Stafford JF, Glenn CA, Teo C, Sughrue ME. Parcellation-based tractographic modeling of the salience network through meta-analysis. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2646. [PMID: 35733239 PMCID: PMC9304834 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The salience network (SN) is a transitory mediator between active and passive states of mind. Multiple cortical areas, including the opercular, insular, and cingulate cortices have been linked in this processing, though knowledge of network connectivity has been devoid of structural specificity. OBJECTIVE The current study sought to create an anatomically specific connectivity model of the neural substrates involved in the salience network. METHODS A literature search of PubMed and BrainMap Sleuth was conducted for resting-state and task-based fMRI studies relevant to the salience network according to PRISMA guidelines. Publicly available meta-analytic software was utilized to extract relevant fMRI data for the creation of an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) map and relevant parcellations from the human connectome project overlapping with the ALE data were identified for inclusion in our SN model. DSI-based fiber tractography was then performed on publicaly available data from healthy subjects to determine the structural connections between cortical parcellations comprising the network. RESULTS Nine cortical regions were found to comprise the salience network: areas AVI (anterior ventral insula), MI (middle insula), FOP4 (frontal operculum 4), FOP5 (frontal operculum 5), a24pr (anterior 24 prime), a32pr (anterior 32 prime), p32pr (posterior 32 prime), and SCEF (supplementary and cingulate eye field), and 46. The frontal aslant tract was found to connect the opercular-insular cluster to the middle cingulate clusters of the network, while mostly short U-fibers connected adjacent nodes of the network. CONCLUSION Here we provide an anatomically specific connectivity model of the neural substrates involved in the salience network. These results may serve as an empiric basis for clinical translation in this region and for future study which seeks to expand our understanding of how specific neural substrates are involved in salience processing and guide subsequent human behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Briggs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | - Nicholas B Dadario
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - R Dineth Fonseka
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jorge Hormovas
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Parker Allan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Micah L Larsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yueh-Hsin Lin
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Onur Tanglay
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - B David Maxwell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Andrew K Conner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jordan F Stafford
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Chad A Glenn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Charles Teo
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael E Sughrue
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Omniscient Neurotechnology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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10
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Pedale T, Mastroberardino S, Capurso M, Macrì S, Santangelo V. Developmental differences in the impact of perceptual salience on short-term memory performance and meta-memory skills. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8185. [PMID: 35581267 PMCID: PMC9113989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In everyday life, individuals are surrounded by many stimuli that compete to access attention and memory. Evidence shows that perceptually salient stimuli have more chances to capture attention resources, thus to be encoded into short-term memory (STM). However, the impact of perceptual salience on STM at different developmental stages is entirely unexplored. Here we assessed STM performance and meta-memory skills of 6, 10, and 18 years-old participants (total N = 169) using a delayed match-to-sample task. On each trial, participants freely explored a complex (cartoon-like) scene for 4 s. After a retention interval of 4 s, they discriminated the same/different position of a target-object extracted from the area of maximal or minimal salience of the initially-explored scene. Then, they provided a confidence judgment of their STM performance, as an index of meta-memory skills. When taking into account 'confident' responses, we found increased STM performance following targets at maximal versus minimal salience only in adult participants. Similarly, only adults showed enhanced meta-memory capabilities following maximal versus minimal salience targets. These findings documented a late development in the impact of perceptual salience on STM performance and in the improvement of metacognitive capabilities to properly judge the content of one's own memory representation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Pedale
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Mastroberardino
- Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Capurso
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, Piazza G. Ermini 1, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Simone Macrì
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Santangelo
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy. .,Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, Piazza G. Ermini 1, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
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11
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The role of the default mode network in longitudinal functional brain reorganization of brain gliomas. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:2923-2937. [PMID: 35460446 PMCID: PMC9653323 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02490-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The study of patients after glioma resection offers a unique opportunity to investigate brain reorganization. It is currently unknown how the whole-brain connectomic profile evolves longitudinally after surgical resection of a glioma and how this may be associated with tumor characteristics and cognitive outcome. In this longitudinal study, we investigate the impact of tumor lateralization and grade on functional connectivity (FC) in highly connected networks, or hubs, and cognitive performance. Twenty-eight patients (17 high-grade, 11 low-grade gliomas) underwent longitudinal pre/post-surgery resting-state fMRI scans and neuropsychological assessments (73 total measures). FC matrices were constructed considering as functional hubs the default mode (DMN) and fronto-parietal networks. No-hubs included primary sensory functional networks and any other no-hubs nodes. Both tumor hemisphere and grade affected brain reorganization post-resection. In right-hemisphere tumor patients, regardless of grade and relative to left-hemisphere gliomas, FC increased longitudinally after the intervention, both in terms of FC within hubs (phubs = 0.0004) and FC between hubs and no-hubs (phubs-no-hubs = 0.005). Regardless of tumor side, only lower-grade gliomas showed longitudinal FC increases relative to high-grade tumors within a precise hub network, the DMN. The neurocognitive profile was longitudinally associated with spatial features of the connectome, mainly within the DMN. We provide evidence that clinical glioma features, such as lateralization and grade, affect post-surgical longitudinal functional reorganization and cognitive recovery. The data suggest a possible role of the DMN in supporting cognition, providing useful information for prognostic prediction and surgical planning.
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Sousa AE, Pochiet G, Ryan JD, Lepage M. The Relational Trip Task, a novel ecological measure of relational memory: data from a schizophrenia sample. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2021; 26:421-440. [PMID: 34633280 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2021.1987870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Relational memory (RM) is severely impaired in schizophrenia. Unitisation can circumvent RM impairments in clinical populations as measured by the transverse-patterning (TP) task, a well-established measure of RM capacity. We compared memory performance on a new ecological RM measure, the Relational Trip Task (RTT), to that of TP at baseline and examined the effects of a unitisation intervention in RTT performance. RTT involves learning relational information of real-life stimuli, such as the relationship between people and places or objects. METHODS TP and RTT performances were examined in 45 individuals with schizophrenia. TP-impaired participants (n = 22) were randomised to either the intervention or an active control group. TP and RTT were administered again after unitisation training. Task validity and reliability were assessed. Intervention group's pre- and post-RTT accuracies were compared and contrasted to that in the control group. RESULTS RTT and TP were moderately correlated. TP non-learners had inferior performance in RTT at baseline. Improvement in RTT performance after unitisation training was observed in the intervention group; no pre-post improvement was observed in the control group. CONCLUSION RTT has an acceptable criterion validity and excellent alternate-form reliability. Unitisation seemed to be successfully generalized to support associations of real-life stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Elisa Sousa
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Pochiet
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer D Ryan
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Martin Lepage
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Almadori E, Mastroberardino S, Botta F, Brunetti R, Lupiáñez J, Spence C, Santangelo V. Crossmodal Semantic Congruence Interacts with Object Contextual Consistency in Complex Visual Scenes to Enhance Short-Term Memory Performance. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11091206. [PMID: 34573227 PMCID: PMC8467083 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Object sounds can enhance the attentional selection and perceptual processing of semantically-related visual stimuli. However, it is currently unknown whether crossmodal semantic congruence also affects the post-perceptual stages of information processing, such as short-term memory (STM), and whether this effect is modulated by the object consistency with the background visual scene. In two experiments, participants viewed everyday visual scenes for 500 ms while listening to an object sound, which could either be semantically related to the object that served as the STM target at retrieval or not. This defined crossmodal semantically cued vs. uncued targets. The target was either in- or out-of-context with respect to the background visual scene. After a maintenance period of 2000 ms, the target was presented in isolation against a neutral background, in either the same or different spatial position as in the original scene. The participants judged the same vs. different position of the object and then provided a confidence judgment concerning the certainty of their response. The results revealed greater accuracy when judging the spatial position of targets paired with a semantically congruent object sound at encoding. This crossmodal facilitatory effect was modulated by whether the target object was in- or out-of-context with respect to the background scene, with out-of-context targets reducing the facilitatory effect of object sounds. Overall, these findings suggest that the presence of the object sound at encoding facilitated the selection and processing of the semantically related visual stimuli, but this effect depends on the semantic configuration of the visual scene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Almadori
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy;
| | - Serena Mastroberardino
- Department of Psychology, School of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fabiano Botta
- Department of Experimental Psychology and Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.B.); (J.L.)
| | - Riccardo Brunetti
- Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Sciences, Università Europea di Roma, 00163 Roma, Italy;
| | - Juan Lupiáñez
- Department of Experimental Psychology and Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.B.); (J.L.)
| | - Charles Spence
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK;
| | - Valerio Santangelo
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences & Education, University of Perugia, Piazza G. Ermini, 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Healy CJ. The acute effects of classic psychedelics on memory in humans. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:639-653. [PMID: 33420592 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05756-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Memory plays a central role in the psychedelic experience. The spontaneous recall and immersive reliving of autobiographical memories has frequently been noted by researchers and clinicians as a salient phenomenon in the profile of subjective effects of classic psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin, LSD, and ayahuasca. The ability for psychedelics to provoke vivid memories has been considered important to their clinical efficacy. OBJECTIVE This review aims to examine and aggregate the findings from experimental, observational, and qualitative studies on the acute modulation of memory by classic psychedelics in humans. METHOD A literature search was conducted using PubMed and PsycInfo as well as manual review of references from eligible studies. Publications reporting quantitative and/or qualitative findings were included; animal studies and case reports were excluded. RESULTS Classic psychedelics produce dose-dependently increasing impairments in memory task performance, such that low doses produce no impairment and higher doses produce increasing levels of impairment. This pattern has been observed in tasks assessing spatial and verbal working memory, semantic memory, and non-autobiographical episodic memory. Such impairments may be less pronounced among experienced psychedelic users. Classic psychedelics also increase the vividness of autobiographical memories and frequently stimulate the recall and/or re-experiencing of autobiographical memories, often memories that are affectively intense (positively or negatively valenced) and that had been avoided and/or forgotten prior to the experience. CONCLUSIONS Classic psychedelics dose-dependently impair memory task performance but may enhance autobiographical memory. These findings are relevant to the understanding of psychological mechanisms of action of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Healy
- Department of Psychology, The New School for Social Research, 80 5th Ave, 6th Floor, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Arciniega H, Shires J, Furlong S, Kilgore-Gomez A, Cerreta A, Murray NG, Berryhill ME. Impaired visual working memory and reduced connectivity in undergraduates with a history of mild traumatic brain injury. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2789. [PMID: 33531546 PMCID: PMC7854733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-80995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or concussion, accounts for 85% of all TBIs. Yet survivors anticipate full cognitive recovery within several months of injury, if not sooner, dependent upon the specific outcome/measure. Recovery is variable and deficits in executive function, e.g., working memory (WM) can persist years post-mTBI. We tested whether cognitive deficits persist in otherwise healthy undergraduates, as a conservative indicator for mTBI survivors at large. We collected WM performance (change detection, n-back tasks) using various stimuli (shapes, locations, letters; aurally presented numbers and letters), and wide-ranging cognitive assessments (e.g., RBANS). We replicated the observation of a general visual WM deficit, with preserved auditory WM. Surprisingly, visual WM deficits were equivalent in participants with a history of mTBI (mean 4.3 years post-injury) and in undergraduates with recent sports-related mTBI (mean 17 days post-injury). In seeking the underlying mechanism of these behavioral deficits, we collected resting state fMRI (rsfMRI) and EEG (rsEEG). RsfMRI revealed significantly reduced connectivity within WM-relevant networks (default mode, central executive, dorsal attention, salience), whereas rsEEG identified no differences (modularity, global efficiency, local efficiency). In summary, otherwise healthy current undergraduates with a history of mTBI present behavioral deficits with evidence of persistent disconnection long after full recovery is expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Arciniega
- Department of Psychology, Programs in Cognitive and Brain Sciences, and Integrative Neuroscience, University of Nevada, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS 296, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Jorja Shires
- Department of Psychology, Programs in Cognitive and Brain Sciences, and Integrative Neuroscience, University of Nevada, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS 296, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Sarah Furlong
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Alexandrea Kilgore-Gomez
- Department of Psychology, Programs in Cognitive and Brain Sciences, and Integrative Neuroscience, University of Nevada, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS 296, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Adelle Cerreta
- Department of Psychology, Programs in Cognitive and Brain Sciences, and Integrative Neuroscience, University of Nevada, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS 296, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Nicholas G Murray
- Department of Psychology, Programs in Cognitive and Brain Sciences, and Integrative Neuroscience, University of Nevada, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS 296, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, 89557, USA
| | - Marian E Berryhill
- Department of Psychology, Programs in Cognitive and Brain Sciences, and Integrative Neuroscience, University of Nevada, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS 296, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
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Gurler D, White DM, Kraguljac NV, Ver Hoef L, Martin C, Tennant B, Lahti AC. Neural Signatures of Memory Encoding in Schizophrenia Are Modulated by Antipsychotic Treatment. Neuropsychobiology 2021; 80:12-24. [PMID: 32316023 PMCID: PMC7874518 DOI: 10.1159/000506402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is no pharmacological treatment to remediate cognitive impairment in schizophrenia (SZ). It is imperative to characterize underlying pathologies of memory processing in order to effectively develop new treatments. In this longitudinal study, we combined functional magnetic resonance imaging during a memory encoding task with proton MR spectroscopy to measure hippocampal glutamate + glutamine (Glx). Seventeen SZ were scanned while unmedicated and after 6 weeks of treatment with risperidone and compared to a group of matched healthy controls (HC) scanned 6 weeks apart. Unmedicated patients showed reduced blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) response in several regions, including the hippocampus, and greater BOLD response in regions of the default mode network (DMN) during correct memory encoding. Post hoc contrasts from significant group by time interactions indicated reduced hippocampal BOLD response at baseline with subsequent increase following treatment. Hippocampal Glx was not different between groups at baseline, but at week 6, hippocampal Glx was significantly lower in SZ compared to HC. Finally, in unmedicated SZ, higher hippocampal Glx predicted less deactivation of the BOLD response in regions of the DMN. Using 2 brain imaging modalities allowed us to concurrently investigate different mechanisms involved in memory encoding dysfunction in SZ. Hippocampal pathology during memory encoding stems from decreased hippocampal recruitment and faulty deactivation of the DMN, and hippocampal recruitment during encoding can be modulated by antipsychotic treatment. High Glx in unmedicated patients predicted less deactivation of the DMN; these results suggest a mechanism by which faulty DMN deactivation, a hallmark of pathological findings in SZ, is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demet Gurler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - David Matthew White
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Nina Vanessa Kraguljac
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | | | - Clinton Martin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Blake Tennant
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Adrienne Carol Lahti
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA,
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Wang D, Tian Y, Li M, Dahmani L, Wei Q, Bai T, Galiè F, Ren J, Farooq RK, Wang K, Lu J, Wang K, Liu H. Functional connectivity underpinnings of electroconvulsive therapy-induced memory impairments in patients with depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:1579-1587. [PMID: 32434212 PMCID: PMC7360738 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0711-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for severe medication-resistant depression. However, ECT frequently results in episodic memory impairments, causing many patients to discontinue treatment. The objective of this study was to explore the functional connectivity underpinnings of ECT-induced episodic memory impairments. We investigated verbal episodic memory and intrinsic functional connectivity in 24 patients with depression (13F, 11M) before and after ECT, and 1 month after treatment. We used a novel individual-oriented approach to examine functional connectivity, and trained a linear support vector regression model to estimate verbal memory performance based on connectivity. The model identified a set of brain connections that can predict baseline verbal memory performance (r = 0.535, p = 0.026). Importantly, we found a nonoverlapping set of brain connections whose changes after ECT can track patients' verbal memory impairments (r = 0.613, p = 0.008). These connections mainly involve the frontoparietal control, default mode, and hippocampal networks, suggesting that ECT affects broad functional networks that are involved in memory performance. In contrast, functional connectivity defined using traditional group-level analyses was unable to estimate either baseline memory performance or post-ECT verbal memory impairments. A parallel analysis using the same strategy did not identify a connectivity marker for overall mood improvement, suggesting that functional connectivity changes related to depressive symptoms may be highly heterogenous. Our findings shed light on the mechanism through which ECT impairs episodic memory, and additionally underline the importance of accounting for interindividual variability in the investigation of functional brain organization in patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhong Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Meiling Li
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Louisa Dahmani
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Tongjian Bai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Franziska Galiè
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jianxun Ren
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Rai Khalid Farooq
- Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kangcheng Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Hesheng Liu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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Task-merging for finer separation of functional brain networks in working memory. Cortex 2020; 125:246-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Kim H. Neural activity during working memory encoding, maintenance, and retrieval: A network-based model and meta-analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:4912-4933. [PMID: 31373730 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains unclear whether and to what extent working memory (WM) temporal subprocesses (i.e., encoding, maintenance, and retrieval) involve shared or distinct intrinsic networks. To address this issue, I constructed a model of intrinsic network contributions to different WM phases and then evaluated the validity of the model by performing a quantitative meta-analysis of relevant functional neuroimaging data. The model suggests that the transition from the encoding to maintenance and to retrieval stages involves progressively decreasing involvement of the dorsal attention network (DAN), but progressively increasing involvement of the frontoparietal control network (FPCN). Separate meta-analysis of each phase effect and direct comparisons between them yielded results that were largely consistent with the model. This evidence included between-phase double dissociations that were consistent with the model, such as encoding > maintenance contrast showing some DAN, but no FPCN, regions, and maintenance > encoding contrast showing the reverse, that is, some FPCN, but no DAN, regions. Two closely juxtaposed regions that are members of the DAN and FPCN, such as inferior frontal junction versus caudal prefrontal cortex and superior versus inferior intraparietal sulcus, showed a high degree of functional differentiation. Although all regions identified in the present study were already identified in previous WM studies, this study uniquely enhances our understating of their roles by clarifying their network membership and specific associations with different WM phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkeun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan-si, Republic of Korea
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