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Garner S, Davies E, Barkus E, Kraeuter AK. Ketogenic diet has a positive association with mental and emotional well-being in the general population. Nutrition 2024; 124:112420. [PMID: 38669832 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A ketogenic diet reduces pathologic stress and improves mood in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the effects of a ketogenic diet for people from the general population have largely been unexplored. A ketogenic diet is increasingly used for weight loss. Research in healthy individuals primarily focuses on the physical implications of a ketogenic diet. It is important to understand the holistic effects of a ketogenic diet, not only the physiological but also the psychological effects, in non-clinical samples. The aim of this cross-sectional study with multiple cohorts was to investigate the association of a ketogenic diet with different aspects of mental health, including calmness, contentedness, alertness, cognitive and emotional stress, depression, anxiety, and loneliness, in a general healthy population. METHODS Two online surveys were distributed: cohort 1 used Bond-Lader visual analog scales and Perceived Stress Scale (n = 147) and cohort 2 the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (n = 276). RESULTS A ketogenic diet was associated with higher self-reported mental and emotional well-being behaviors, including calmness, contentedness, alertness, cognitive and emotional stress, depression, anxiety, and loneliness, compared with individuals on a non-specific diet in a general population. CONCLUSION This research found that a ketogenic diet has potential psychological benefits in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Garner
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Evan Davies
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Brain, Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emma Barkus
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ann-Katrin Kraeuter
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Brain, Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; NUTRAN, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Tae H, Kim TS. The effect of prebiotic and probiotic food consumption on anxiety severity: a nationwide study in Korea. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1385518. [PMID: 38863592 PMCID: PMC11165345 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1385518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Over the past decade, research has reported that diet and gut health affect anxiety symptoms through changes in the gut microbiota. Therefore, the introduction of prebiotic and probiotic food favorable for the intestinal microbiota is necessary to improve the mental health of the host. The purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of prebiotic and probiotic foods to lowering anxiety symptoms using a large, nationwide population-based database. Materials and methods The study population included 4,317 individuals 19 to 64 years of age who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-3, 2019-2021). A food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate prebiotic and probiotic food consumption. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment 7-item scale (GAD-7) assessed the severity of anxiety symptoms. The effect of prebiotic and probiotic food consumption on anxiety severity was analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results Anxiety symptom severity was significantly lower in the highest prebiotic and/or probiotic food consumption tertiles compared to the lowest food consumption tertile. We also found a sex difference in the odds ratio for anxiety symptoms. The consumption of prebiotic food was significantly associated with the highest odds of anxiety among both men and women. However, probiotic food had a significant beneficial effect on lowering anxiety symptoms in men but not in women. Conclusion Our finding suggests that prebiotic and probiotic food consumption might confer a beneficial influence on anxiety symptoms. Further research is required for a deeper understanding into the mechanisms of the positive effects of prebiotics and probiotics on anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Tae
- Stress Clinic, Health Promotion Center, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Suk Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Torabynasab K, Shahinfar H, Zeraattalab-Motlagh S, Jazayeri S, Effatpanah M, Azadbakht L. The association of major dietary patterns with odds and severity of anxiety disorders: a case-control study. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38593065 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2333688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Background: In the present study, we explored the association between major dietary patterns, odds, and severity of anxiety disorders, which has not been clarified to date.Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 85 patients who were group-matched by gender with 170 healthy subjects. Dietary intakes were evaluated applying a 147-item validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric data collection was accomplished based on precise clinical assessments. Major dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis (PCA). Multivariate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to investigate the association of the identified dietary patterns with anxiety disorders. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the GAD-7 score and major dietary pattern scores.Results: Three major dietary patterns were derived through PCA labeled as 'healthy', 'Western', and 'Mixed'. Those in the top tertile of the healthy dietary pattern were less likely to have anxiety disorders (OR = 0.26; 95%CI: 0.10, 0.66), while no significant relationship was found between Western and mixed dietary patterns and the odds of anxiety disorders. The severity of anxiety disorders, assessed by the GAD-7 score, was reduced by higher adherence to healthy dietary pattern (P = 0.003), and increased by greater adherence to mixed (P = 0.002) and Western (P = 0.001) dietary patterns.Conclusion: We provided evidence demonstrating an inverse association of healthy dietary pattern with odds, and severity of anxiety disorders. Also, higher adherence to Western and mixed dietary patterns resulted in greater GAD-7 scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Torabynasab
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shahinfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shima Jazayeri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Effatpanah
- School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Elshahat S, Moffat T, Iqbal BK, Newbold KB, Gagnon O, Alkhawaldeh H, Morshed M, Madani K, Gehani M, Zhu T, Garabedian L, Belahlou Y, Curtay SAH, Zhu IHC, Chan C, Duzenli D, Rajapaksege N, Shafiq B, Zaidi A. 'I thought we would be nourished here': The complexity of nutrition/food and its relationship to mental health among Arab immigrants/refugees in Canada: The CAN-HEAL study. Appetite 2024; 195:107226. [PMID: 38266714 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Nutritional psychiatry suggests that diet quality impacts one's mental health (MH). The relationship between food/nutrition and MH may be particularly salient for immigrants/refugees who often experience high risk for household food insecurity and MH challenges. An innovative collaborative community-based participatory research and integrated knowledge translation approach was adopted to explore food/nutrition needs as they relate to MH among Arab immigrants/refuges (AIR) in Ontario, Canada. The goal was to co-identify areas that require social change and co-produce applicable knowledge for service improvement. The CAN-HEAL study used a multi-methodological approach, employing qualitative interviews, photovoice and a questionnaire survey. A combination of three sampling approaches (convenience, snowball and purposive) was used to recruit sixty socio-demographically-diverse adult AIR participants. The research was guided by an integrated bio-psycho-socio-cultural framework. Participants reported various socio-economic and structural barriers to nutritious eating. Food quality/safety was a significant concern and source of anxiety among AIR; food mislabeling, the widespread presence of genetically/chemically modified foods and expired/rotten food products were associated with negative MH. Participants experienced an alarming prevalence of food insecurity (65%), which was associated with negative MH. Intersections among age, gender, religion, socio-economic status, parenthood, disability, and place of residence played a considerable role in how nutrition, food security, and dietary intake impacted AIR's MH and caused substantial disparities within the AIR community. The food/nutrition-MH relationship among AIR is multi-faceted, and various psycho-socio-cultural pathways/processes were found to shape MH. Intersectoral collaboration between health and non-health sectors is needed to implement a co-proposed socio-political and community-level action plan to achieve nutrition and health equity for AIR and other similar marginalized groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Elshahat
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L9, Canada.
| | - Tina Moffat
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L9, Canada
| | - Basit Kareem Iqbal
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L9, Canada
| | - K Bruce Newbold
- School of Earth, Environment & Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Olivia Gagnon
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Haneen Alkhawaldeh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Mahira Morshed
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Keon Madani
- Integrated Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences Faculty, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Mafaz Gehani
- Department of Psychological and Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Tony Zhu
- Department of Criminology & Sociolegal Studies, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Lucy Garabedian
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Science, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Yasmine Belahlou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sarah A H Curtay
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Irene Hui-Chen Zhu
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Western Ontario, Brescia University College, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Charlotte Chan
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Western Ontario, Brescia University College, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Deniz Duzenli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | | | - Bisma Shafiq
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Western Ontario, Brescia University College, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Amna Zaidi
- Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
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da Silva Sabião T, Alves de Menezes-Júnior LA, Batista AP, Silva de Moura S, Meireles AL, Carvalho de Menezes M, Lins Machado-Coelho GL, Cardoso Carraro JC. Interaction between Fokl polymorphism and vitamin D deficiency in the symptoms of mental disorders in adults: a population-based study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6925. [PMID: 38519539 PMCID: PMC10960038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57558-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental disorders are intricate and multifaceted and encompass social, economic, environmental, and biological factors. This study aimed to explore the potential association between vitamin D deficiency and anxiety and depression symptoms in adults, considering the role of the vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism FokI (rs2228570). This was a population-based cross-sectional study with stratified and cluster sampling, evaluating anxiety symptoms (AS) and depression symptoms (DS) in 1637 adults. Vitamin D levels were measured using electrochemiluminescence and were considered deficient when < 20 ng/mL in a healthy population or < 30 ng/mL in at-risk groups. Genotyping was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan probes. The prevalence rates of AS, DS, and vitamin D deficiency were 23.5%, 15.8%, and 30.9%, respectively. No direct association was observed between vitamin D deficiency and AS or DS. However, interaction analysis revealed a combined effect of vitamin D deficiency and FokI for DS but not for AS. Individuals with vitamin deficiency and one or two copies of the altered allele of the FokI exhibited a higher prevalence of DS than individuals homozygous for the wild-type allele and vitamin D sufficiency. The interaction between vitamin D deficiency and the FokI polymorphism was associated with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís da Silva Sabião
- School of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Antônio Alves de Menezes-Júnior
- School of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Aline Priscila Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Samara Silva de Moura
- School of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Adriana Lúcia Meireles
- Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Mariana Carvalho de Menezes
- Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho
- Epidemiology Laboratory, Medical School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Júlia Cristina Cardoso Carraro
- Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
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Nardi M, Catalini A, Galiano A, Santangelo OE, Pinto E, Feltrin A, Nucci D, Gianfredi V. Association between malnutrition and anxiety in cancer patients-a retrospective study. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:152. [PMID: 38334802 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08350-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The total number of cancer-related deaths and new cancer cases in 2020 was 19.3 billion and 10.8 billion, respectively. Therefore, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of neoplastic disease, as well as management of comorbidities, are of paramount importance. In this regards, poor nutritional status and mental disorders are comorbidity conditions frequently observed in cancer patients. The aim of this study was to assess the association between malnutrition and anxiety in hospitalized adult cancer patients. METHODS This is a retrospective study. Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) 2002, body mass index (BMI), daily calorie intake, and weight difference between admission and discharge were used to evaluate nutritional status. Anxiety was assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A). Ordered logistic and linear logistic regressions adjusted for sex and age were used to estimate the association between malnutrition and anxiety in cancer patients. RESULTS A total of 90 patients were included. Higher NRS risk [aβ = 0.85; 95% CI (0.28-1.42); p = 0.004], disease stage [aβ = 0.77; 95% CI (0.08-1.47); p = 0.029], and cachexia [aβ = 2.20; 95% CI (0.75-3.65); p = 0.003] were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms. Moreover, cancer site different than gastrointestinal cancers was associated with a lower risk of anxiety symptoms [aβ = - 2.11; 95% CI (- 3.55/ - 0.66); p = 0.005]. CONCLUSION In the current study, we found a relatively high rate of malnourished patients, indicating the importance of routinely assessing nutritional status and screening cancer patients for mental health issues. This approach could help physicians to treat both in a timely manner, thereby significantly reducing the burden of the disease and improving the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariateresa Nardi
- Nutritional Support Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Catalini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60100, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Galiano
- Oncology Unit 1, Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Eleonora Pinto
- Hospital Psychology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128, Padua, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Feltrin
- Hospital Psychology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Daniele Nucci
- Nutritional Support Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Vincenza Gianfredi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Prather H, Cheng J. Relationship of Chronic Systemic Inflammation to Both Chronic Lifestyle-Related Diseases and Osteoarthritis: The Case for Lifestyle Medicine for Osteoarthritis. HSS J 2023; 19:459-466. [PMID: 37937092 PMCID: PMC10626930 DOI: 10.1177/15563316231193753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is a root cause of lifestyle-related chronic diseases and may also play a role in the development and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Lifestyle medicine seeks to treat, prevent, and reverse lifestyle-related chronic disease via 6 pillars: nutrition, sleep health, stress management, physical activity, social connections, and risky behavior avoidance/reduction. This article presents a review of the literature in which we assess the connections between the 6 pillars of lifestyle medicine, chronic systemic inflammation, and OA. We also discuss the whole-person approach that lifestyle medicine interventions can provide to reduce chronic systemic inflammation and affect the development or progression of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Prather
- Department of Physiatry, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Cheng
- Department of Physiatry, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
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Gutiérrez-Rodelo C, Martínez-Tolibia SE, Morales-Figueroa GE, Velázquez-Moyado JA, Olivares-Reyes JA, Navarrete-Castro A. Modulating cyclic nucleotides pathways by bioactive compounds in combatting anxiety and depression disorders. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7797-7814. [PMID: 37486442 PMCID: PMC10460744 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08650-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety and depression disorders are highly prevalent neurological disorders (NDs) that impact up to one in three individuals during their lifetime. Addressing these disorders requires reducing their frequency and impact, understanding molecular causes, implementing prevention strategies, and improving treatments. Cyclic nucleotide monophosphates (cNMPs) like cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), cyclic uridine monophosphate (cUMP), and cyclic cytidine monophosphate (cCMP) regulate the transcription of genes involved in neurotransmitters and neurological functions. Evidence suggests that cNMP pathways, including cAMP/cGMP, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), and Protein kinase A (PKA), play a role in the physiopathology of anxiety and depression disorders. Plant and mushroom-based compounds have been used in traditional and modern medicine due to their beneficial properties. Bioactive compound metabolism can activate key pathways and yield pharmacological outcomes. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of bioactive compounds from plants and mushrooms in modulating cNMP pathways. Understanding these processes will support current treatments and aid in the development of novel approaches to reduce the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders, contributing to improved outcomes and the prevention of associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citlaly Gutiérrez-Rodelo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, ZIP 04510, Mexico.
| | | | - Guadalupe Elide Morales-Figueroa
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences of the Center for Research, Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, ZIP, 07360, Mexico
| | - Josué Arturo Velázquez-Moyado
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, ZIP 04510, Mexico
| | - J Alberto Olivares-Reyes
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN) Mexico City, Mexico City, ZIP 07360, Mexico
| | - Andrés Navarrete-Castro
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, ZIP 04510, Mexico.
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Meesakul P, Shea T, Wong SX, Kuroki Y, Cao S. Hawaiian Plants with Beneficial Effects on Sleep, Anxiety, and Mood, etc. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1228. [PMID: 37765036 PMCID: PMC10538232 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse chemical messengers are responsible for maintaining homeostasis in the human body, for example, hormones and neurotransmitters. Various Hawaiian plant species produce compounds that exert effects on these messengers and the systems of which they are a part. The main purpose of this review article is to evaluate the potential effects of Hawaiian plants on reducing pain and anxiety and improving sleep and mood. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in SciFinder, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Scientific Information Database between 2019 and 2023 to identify related articles. Results indicate that several Hawaiian plant species, such as M. citrifolia and P. methysticum, have medicinal properties associated with these effects. These plants have been used in traditional Hawaiian cultural practices for centuries, suggesting their potential to benefit human health and well-being. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the available evidence concerning the potential impacts of Hawaiian plants on sleep, anxiety, mood, and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornphimon Meesakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA;
| | - Tyler Shea
- Chemistry Department, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA;
| | - Shi Xuan Wong
- Delightex Pte. Ltd., 230 Victoria Street, #15-01/08 Bugis Junction Towers, Singapore 188024, Singapore; (S.X.W.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yutaka Kuroki
- Delightex Pte. Ltd., 230 Victoria Street, #15-01/08 Bugis Junction Towers, Singapore 188024, Singapore; (S.X.W.); (Y.K.)
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA;
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Monserrat-Hernández M, Checa-Olmos JC, Arjona-Garrido Á, López-Liria R, Rocamora-Pérez P. Academic Stress in University Students: The Role of Physical Exercise and Nutrition. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2401. [PMID: 37685435 PMCID: PMC10486982 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11172401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The university experience can cause academic stress that, in turn, can lead to comorbidities. Students increasingly face demands and challenges that require a large amount of physical and psychological resources. These circumstances can make them experience physical and mental fatigue, lower their interest in studying, and even lead them to lose control over their academic performance and health. The objective of this work is to determine the relationship between the practice of physical exercise, eating patterns, and academic stress among university students. A questionnaire was administered to 742 students using non-probabilistic sampling. The mean age was 21.24 (DT = 3.8), and 20.1% were men and 79.4% were women. To identify academic stress, the Stress Manifestation Scale of the Students Stress Inventory (SSI) subscale was used; the Mediterranean Diet Score was applied for eating patterns, and the practice of exercise was measured by weekly hours of exercise. The results show that there is a relationship between academic stress and physical exercise, but not with adherence to the Mediterranean Diet. However, there is a relationship between the consumption of "unhealthy" foods exceeding the recommendations for the Spanish population and academic stress. In short, physical activity and diet are variables that are related to psychological well-being. Therefore, they should constitute the backbone of actions designed by university managers to eliminate or reduce stress suffered by students. Finally, the work demonstrates the need to create new scales that consider not only the foods that help alleviate stress but also their portions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Monserrat-Hernández
- Social Anthropology, Department of Geography, History and Humanities, University of Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento S/N, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.M.-H.); (Á.A.-G.)
| | - Juan Carlos Checa-Olmos
- Sociology, Department of Geography, History and Humanities, University of Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento S/N, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain;
| | - Ángeles Arjona-Garrido
- Social Anthropology, Department of Geography, History and Humanities, University of Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento S/N, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.M.-H.); (Á.A.-G.)
| | - Remedios López-Liria
- Health Research Centre, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento S/N, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain;
| | - Patricia Rocamora-Pérez
- Health Research Centre, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento S/N, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain;
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Fleischer E, Landaeta-Díaz L, González-Medina G, Horovitz O. Anxiety, anhedonia, and related food consumption in Israelis populations:An online cross-sectional study two years since the outbreak of COVID-19. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17211. [PMID: 37332908 PMCID: PMC10266889 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted daily life. Beyond severe health and economic consequences, psychological consequences have surfaced that require in-depth research to understand the pandemic's effects on mental health. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the association between anxiety levels and anhedonia with food consumption patterns and changes in body weight over the two years since the COVID-19 outbreak in Israel. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized non-randomized sampling through an online survey that included 741 study participants aged 18 to 94. participants were asked to complete the Beck's Anxiety Questionnaire, the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale for Anhedonia Measurement, the Mediterranean Nutrition Questionnaire, and self-reports of body weight and serving size changes. Results Those who reported severe anxiety and anhedonia reported the highest intake of fats, sugars, and carbohydrates and the highest weight gain (e.g., Butter and cream food: severe anxiety (M = 1.342, SEM = 0.217); low anxiety (M = 0.682, SEM = 0.042), Sweet pastries: severe anxiety (M = 4.078, SEM = 0.451); low anxiety (M = 3.175, SEM = 0.436)). Anhedonic participants consumed more sweetened beverages (M = 0.987, SEM = 0.013) than hedonic participants (M = 0.472, SEM = 0.231). Among participants that gained weight, severe anxiety participants consumed significantly more salty pastries (M = 2.263, SEM = 0.550) than those with low anxiety (M = 1.096, SEM = 0.107; p = .003). A significant interaction was found between weight, anxiety, and consuming salty pastries. High anxiety subjects and weight gain declared the highest intake of this food (p = .018); Significant interactions were found between those with severe anxiety and anhedonia, who reported the highest consumption of butter and cream (p = .005) and salty pastries (p = .021). Significant associations were found between weight and anhedonia and weight and anxiety levels (p = .000, p = .006 - respectively). Conclusions The outbreak of COVID-19 and its long-term presence strengthen the negative psychological aspects and increase the consumption of foods high in fat and sugar. Further attention to nutritional health is needed since crises may occur, and we must be prepared to prevent adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fleischer
- The Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Tel-Hai Academic College, 9977 North Districts, Israel
- Psychology Department, Tel-Hai Academic College, 9977 North Districts, Israel
| | - L Landaeta-Díaz
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of the Americas, Av. Walker Martínez 1360, piso 3, Edificio A, La Florida, Santiago, Chile
| | - G González-Medina
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - O Horovitz
- The Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Tel-Hai Academic College, 9977 North Districts, Israel
- Psychology Department, Tel-Hai Academic College, 9977 North Districts, Israel
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12
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Singewald N, Sartori SB, Reif A, Holmes A. Alleviating anxiety and taming trauma: Novel pharmacotherapeutics for anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder. Neuropharmacology 2023; 226:109418. [PMID: 36623804 PMCID: PMC10372846 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders associated with psychological trauma, stress and anxiety are a highly prevalent and increasing cause of morbidity worldwide. Current therapeutic approaches, including medication, are effective in alleviating symptoms of anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), at least in some individuals, but have unwanted side-effects and do not resolve underlying pathophysiology. After a period of stagnation, there is renewed enthusiasm from public, academic and commercial parties in designing and developing drug treatments for these disorders. Here, we aim to provide a snapshot of the current state of this field that is written for neuropharmacologists, but also practicing clinicians and the interested lay-reader. After introducing currently available drug treatments, we summarize recent/ongoing clinical assessment of novel medicines for anxiety and PTSD, grouped according to primary neurochemical targets and their potential to produce acute and/or enduring therapeutic effects. The evaluation of putative treatments targeting monoamine (including psychedelics), GABA, glutamate, cannabinoid, cholinergic and neuropeptide systems, amongst others, are discussed. We emphasize the importance of designing and clinically assessing new medications based on a firm understanding of the underlying neurobiology stemming from the rapid advances being made in neuroscience. This includes harnessing neuroplasticity to bring about lasting beneficial changes in the brain rather than - as many current medications do - produce a transient attenuation of symptoms, as exemplified by combining psychotropic/cognitive enhancing drugs with psychotherapeutic approaches. We conclude by noting some of the other emerging trends in this promising new phase of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Singewald
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Leopold Franzens University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Simone B Sartori
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Leopold Franzens University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andrew Holmes
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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13
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Deborah Omoleye D, Olubukola Abidakun O, Oluwadamilola Akinje R, Hannah Ademuyiwa O, Mofoluwaso Fasogbon B. A Review of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children and Adolescents' Mental Health. Curr Pediatr Rev 2023; 20:CPR-EPUB-129438. [PMID: 36788690 DOI: 10.2174/1573396319666230213104546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Disaster poses a huge threat to physical health as much as mental health, and Covid-19 is not any different. Understanding that physical and social factors can all contribute to mental health disruptions explains the rising concern of the global community about the impacts of Covid-19 on mental health, especially among the vulnerable, including children and adolescents. It is imperative to explore the diverse impacts of Covid-19 on the paediatric age group, especially to better address its effect and adequately strategize for its resulting conditions. This narrative review, therefore, explores literature reports on the effect of the pandemic on the mental health of children and adolescents. As observed in the literature, Covid-19 did not only threaten the physical health of children and adolescents but also their mental health, especially in terms of anxiety, depression, sleep alteration, etc. In this paper, we have discussed interventions, such as adequate sleep, healthy lifestyles, and nutritious foods, to improve paediatric mental health even after the pandemic.
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14
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Zhao B, Jia X, Feng H, Tang C, Huang Y, Zhao Z, Hao J, Li H, Du J, Liu Y, Bao X, Zhong Z, Zhang Y, Zhong Q. Nutrient combinations exhibit universal antianxiety, antioxidant, neuro-protecting, and memory-improving activities. Front Nutr 2023; 9:996692. [PMID: 36687677 PMCID: PMC9852889 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.996692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders and, without proper treatment, may lead to severe conditions: e.g., somatic disorders or permanent damage to central nervous system. Although there are drugs in clinical trials, this study focuses on exploring the efficacy of nutrients in treating these diseases. We built different zebrafish models and screened several nutrient combinations for their antianxiety, antioxidant, neuro-protecting, and memory-improving activities. Our results showed that the combinations of nutrients (e.g., Walnut Peptides + Theanine at 14.2 + 33.3 μg/ml) have similar or better activities than the positive control drugs. In addition, we discovered that the effects of the nutrients in the above four aspects were universal and highly related. This study is noteworthy as it suggested that nutrients could be healthier and greener drug alternatives and provide similar or better universal treatments for anxiety and related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangcheng Zhao
- Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Disease Modeling Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuzhen Jia
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Haotian Feng
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Sichuan SAFE Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Yixin Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Biological Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Zifu Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Jingyu Hao
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Haoqiu Li
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Jinrui Du
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Xingyu Bao
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Zhihui Zhong
- Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Disease Modeling Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Sichuan Kangcheng Biotech Co., Inc., Chengdu, China
| | - Yingqian Zhang
- Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Disease Modeling Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Sichuan Kangcheng Biotech Co., Inc., Chengdu, China,Yingqian Zhang,
| | - Qixing Zhong
- Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Disease Modeling Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Sichuan SAFE Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Qixing Zhong,
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15
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Ayenigbara IO. Diabetes Prevention and Measures to Ensuring a Healthy Lifestyle during COVID-19 Pandemic and after. Korean J Fam Med 2023; 44:11-20. [PMID: 36709956 PMCID: PMC9887446 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.21.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing exponentially globally, with 90% of the confirmed cases being type 2 DM. The global incidence of DM is expected to increase by 48% during 2017-2045. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to have a massive impact on human health, causing sudden lifestyle changes through quarantine measures, such as lockdown, social distancing, various curfews, and isolation at home. This in turn might increase the risk of developing numerous chronic diseases, such as DM, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases, which increase the severity of COVID-19. To this end, we performed a comprehensive review to determine viable measures for the prevention of DM and its subsequent upsurge globally. Additionally, we have determined strategies that should be adopted globally to ensure a healthy lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic and later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Oluwasegun Ayenigbara
- School and Community Health Promotion Unit, Department of Health Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria,Corresponding Author: Israel Oluwasegun Ayenigbara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0085-5493 Tel: +234-8139177538, Fax: +234-8098103043, E-mail:
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16
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El Karkafi R, Gebara T, Salem M, Kamel J, El Khoury G, Zalal M, Fakhoury M. Ketogenic Diet and Inflammation: Implications for Mood and Anxiety Disorders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1411:537-554. [PMID: 36949325 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
The ketogenic diet, known as a low-carbohydrate, high-protein, and high-fat diet, drastically restrains the major source of energy for the body, forcing it to burn all excess fat through a process called ketosis-the breaking down of fat into ketone bodies. First suggested as a medical treatment for children suffering from epilepsy, this diet has gained increased popularity as a rapid weight loss strategy. Over the past few years, there have been numerous studies suggesting that the ketogenic diet may provide therapeutic effects for several psychiatric conditions such as mood- and anxiety-related disorders. However, despite significant progress in research, the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain largely unexplored and are yet to be fully elucidated. This chapter provides an in-depth overview of preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the use of a ketogenic diet in the management of mood and anxiety disorders and discusses its relationship with inflammatory processes and potential mechanisms of actions for its therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy El Karkafi
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Tammy Gebara
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Michael Salem
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Jessica Kamel
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Ghinwa El Khoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Marilynn Zalal
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Marc Fakhoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
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17
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Mani T, Srinivasan S. Coherence and vitals of medicinal herbs, nutrients, and yoga in stress management and psychological stasis. MGM JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_23_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
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18
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Santos-Sánchez G, Ponce-España E, López JC, Álvarez-Sánchez N, Álvarez-López AI, Pedroche J, Millán F, Millán-Linares MC, Lardone PJ, Bejarano I, Cruz-Chamorro I, Carrillo-Vico A. A Lupin (Lupinusangustifolius) Protein Hydrolysate Exerts Anxiolytic-Like Effects in Western Diet-Fed ApoE−/− Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179828. [PMID: 36077225 PMCID: PMC9456304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder worldwide, causing a substantial economic burden due to the associated healthcare costs. Given that commercial anxiolytic treatments may cause important side effects and have medical restrictions for prescription and high costs, the search for new natural and safer treatments is gaining attention. Since lupin protein hydrolysate (LPH) has been shown to be safe and exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, key risk factors for the anxiety process and memory impairment, we evaluated in this study the potential effects of LPH on anxiety and spatial memory in a Western diet (WD)-induced anxiety model in ApoE−/− mice. We showed that 20.86% of the 278 identified LPH peptides have biological activity related to anxiolytic/analgesic effects; the principal motifs found were the following: VPL, PGP, YL, and GQ. Moreover, 14 weeks of intragastrical LPH treatment (100 mg/kg) restored the WD-induced anxiety effects, reestablishing the anxiety levels observed in the standard diet (SD)-fed mice since they spent less time in the anxiety zones of the elevated plus maze (EPM). Furthermore, a significant increase in the number of head dips was recorded in LPH-treated mice, which indicates a greater exploration capacity and less fear due to lower levels of anxiety. Interestingly, the LPH group showed similar thigmotaxis, a well-established indicator of animal anxiety and fear, to the SD group, counteracting the WD effect. This is the first study to show that LPH treatment has anxiolytic effects, pointing to LPH as a potential component of future nutritional therapies in patients with anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Santos-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Eduardo Ponce-España
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos López
- Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Nuria Álvarez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Álvarez-López
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Justo Pedroche
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra, Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Millán
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra, Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - María Carmen Millán-Linares
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra, Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Patricia Judith Lardone
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Ignacio Bejarano
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Ivan Cruz-Chamorro
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.C.-C.); (A.C.-V.); Tel.: +34-955923106 (A.C.-V.); Fax: +34-954907048 (A.C.-V.)
| | - Antonio Carrillo-Vico
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.C.-C.); (A.C.-V.); Tel.: +34-955923106 (A.C.-V.); Fax: +34-954907048 (A.C.-V.)
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19
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Singh P, Anjum S, Srivastava RK, Tsutsui K, Krishna A. Central and peripheral neuropeptide RFRP-3: A bridge linking reproduction, nutrition, and stress response. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 65:100979. [PMID: 35122778 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This article is an amalgamation of the current status of RFRP-3 (GnIH) in reproduction and its association with the nutrition and stress-mediated changes in the reproductive activities. GnIH has been demonstrated in the hypothalamus of all the vertebrates studied so far and is a well-known inhibitor of GnRH mediated reproduction. The RFRP-3 neurons interact with the other hypothalamic neurons and the hormonal signals from peripheral organs for coordinating the nutritional, stress, and environmental associated changes to regulate reproduction. RFRP-3 has also been shown to regulate puberty, reproductive cyclicity and senescence depending upon the nutritional status. A favourable nutritional status and the environmental cues which are permissive for the successful breeding and pregnancy outcome keep RFRP-3 level low, whereas unfavourable nutritional status and stressful conditions increase the expression of RFRP-3 which impairs the reproduction. Still our knowledge about RFRP-3 is incomplete regarding its therapeutic application for nutritional or stress-related reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmasana Singh
- Department of Zoology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Anuppur 484886, MP, India
| | - Shabana Anjum
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raj Kamal Srivastava
- Department of Zoology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Anuppur 484886, MP, India
| | - Kazuyoshi Tsutsui
- Department of Biology and Center for Medical Life Science, Waseda University, Kagamiyama 1-7-1, Higashi-Hiroshima University 739-8521, Japan
| | - Amitabh Krishna
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India.
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20
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Kolb H, Kempf K, Röhling M, Lenzen-Schulte M, Schloot NC, Martin S. Ketone bodies: from enemy to friend and guardian angel. BMC Med 2021; 19:313. [PMID: 34879839 PMCID: PMC8656040 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During starvation, fasting, or a diet containing little digestible carbohydrates, the circulating insulin levels are decreased. This promotes lipolysis, and the breakdown of fat becomes the major source of energy. The hepatic energy metabolism is regulated so that under these circumstances, ketone bodies are generated from β-oxidation of fatty acids and secreted as ancillary fuel, in addition to gluconeogenesis. Increased plasma levels of ketone bodies thus indicate a dietary shortage of carbohydrates. Ketone bodies not only serve as fuel but also promote resistance to oxidative and inflammatory stress, and there is a decrease in anabolic insulin-dependent energy expenditure. It has been suggested that the beneficial non-metabolic actions of ketone bodies on organ functions are mediated by them acting as a ligand to specific cellular targets. We propose here a major role of a different pathway initiated by the induction of oxidative stress in the mitochondria during increased ketolysis. Oxidative stress induced by ketone body metabolism is beneficial in the long term because it initiates an adaptive (hormetic) response characterized by the activation of the master regulators of cell-protective mechanism, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), sirtuins, and AMP-activated kinase. This results in resolving oxidative stress, by the upregulation of anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities, improved mitochondrial function and growth, DNA repair, and autophagy. In the heart, the adaptive response to enhanced ketolysis improves resistance to damage after ischemic insults or to cardiotoxic actions of doxorubicin. Sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may also exert their cardioprotective action via increasing ketone body levels and ketolysis. We conclude that the increased synthesis and use of ketone bodies as ancillary fuel during periods of deficient food supply and low insulin levels causes oxidative stress in the mitochondria and that the latter initiates a protective (hormetic) response which allows cells to cope with increased oxidative stress and lower energy availability. KEYWORDS: Ketogenic diet, Ketone bodies, Beta hydroxybutyrate, Insulin, Obesity, Type 2 diabetes, Inflammation, Oxidative stress, Cardiovascular disease, SGLT2, Hormesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Kolb
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kempf
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Martin Röhling
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Nanette C Schloot
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Martin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591, Duesseldorf, Germany
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21
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Tripathi A, Scaini G, Barichello T, Quevedo J, Pillai A. Mitophagy in depression: Pathophysiology and treatment targets. Mitochondrion 2021; 61:1-10. [PMID: 34478906 PMCID: PMC8962570 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria, the 'powerhouse' of eukaryotic cells, play a key role in cellular homeostasis. However, defective mitochondria increase mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production and cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release, leading to increased inflammation. Mitophagy is a vital pathway, which selectively removes defective mitochondria through the process of autophagy. Thus, an impairment in the mitophagy pathway might trigger the gradual accumulation of defective mitochondria. Accumulating evidence suggest that inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction are linked to the pathogenesis of depression. In this article, we have reviewed the role of impaired mitophagy as a contributing factor in depression pathophysiology. Further, we have discussed the potential therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating mitophagy in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Tripathi
- Pathophysiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Anilkumar Pillai
- Pathophysiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA; Research and Development, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
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22
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Managing mood-related symptoms utilizing diet, targeted nutrient supplementation, and lifestyle changes: A case series. Explore (NY) 2021; 18:591-600. [PMID: 34654656 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion reports that mental health disorders are one of the most "common causes of disability," affecting 18.1% of adults in the United States. This case series examines the use of diet, targeted nutrient supplementation with a focus on amino acids, and lifestyle interventions for the management of mood-related symptoms as a treatment option. CASE PRESENTATIONS The three cases included a personalized amino acid therapy protocol, nutrient cofactor supplementation, and diet and lifestyle recommendations. Clinical assessment questionnaires completed by the clients at intervals during care were used to determine proper amino acid dosing. The first client is a 65-year-old Caucasian male presenting with increased stress, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. A marked decrease in symptoms was experienced three months. The second client is a 24-year-old Caucasian male presenting with concentration and memory impairment, anxiety and depression, food cravings leading to binge eating of carbohydrates, low sleep quality, and unsustainable energy. A substantial decrease in symptoms was achieved in under four months. The third client is a 23-year-old Caucasian male presenting with depression, easy agitation while ruminating on negative thoughts, difficulty focusing and making decisions, poor memory, concentration, and sleep quality, gaming addiction, and low energy and motivation. The client experienced considerable relief from all symptoms in under six months. CONCLUSION The case series demonstrated marked improvement in mood-related symptoms in as little as 3-6 months for three individuals utilizing amino acid therapy along with dietary, targeted nutrient supplementation, and lifestyle choices.
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