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Ilyas M, Maqsood MF, Shahbaz M, Zulfiqar U, Ahmad K, Naz N, Ali MF, Ahmad M, Ali Q, Yong JWH, Ali HM. Alleviating salinity stress in canola (Brassica napus L.) through exogenous application of salicylic acid. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:611. [PMID: 38926637 PMCID: PMC11210054 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Canola, a vital oilseed crop, is grown globally for food and biodiesel. With the enormous demand for growing various crops, the utilization of agriculturally marginal lands is emerging as an attractive alternative, including brackish-saline transitional lands. Salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting growth and productivity of most crops, and causing food insecurity. Salicylic acid (SA), a small-molecule phenolic compound, is an essential plant defense phytohormone that promotes immunity against pathogens. Recently, several studies have reported that SA was able to improve plant resilience to withstand high salinity. For this purpose, a pot experiment was carried out to ameliorate the negative effects of sodium chloride (NaCl) on canola plants through foliar application of SA. Two canola varieties Faisal (V1) and Super (V2) were assessed for their growth performance during exposure to high salinity i.e. 0 mM NaCl (control) and 200 mM NaCl. Three levels of SA (0, 10, and 20 mM) were applied through foliar spray. The experimental design used for this study was completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. The salt stress reduced the shoot and root fresh weights up to 50.3% and 47% respectively. In addition, foliar chlorophyll a and b contents decreased up to 61-65%. Meanwhile, SA treatment diminished the negative effects of salinity and enhanced the shoot fresh weight (49.5%), root dry weight (70%), chl. a (36%) and chl. b (67%). Plants treated with SA showed an increased levels of both enzymatic i.e. (superoxide dismutase (27%), peroxidase (16%) and catalase (34%)) and non-enzymatic antioxidants i.e. total soluble protein (20%), total soluble sugar (17%), total phenolic (22%) flavonoids (19%), anthocyanin (23%), and endogenous ascorbic acid (23%). Application of SA also increased the levels of osmolytes i.e. glycine betaine (31%) and total free proline (24%). Salinity increased the concentration of Na+ ions and concomitantly decreased the K+ and Ca2+ absorption in canola plants. Overall, the foliar treatments of SA were quite effective in reducing the negative effects of salinity. By comparing both varieties of canola, it was observed that variety V2 (Super) grew better than variety V1 (Faisal). Interestingly, 20 mM foliar application of SA proved to be effective in ameliorating the negative effects of high salinity in canola plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ilyas
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Kamran Ahmad
- Department of Botany, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling , Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Nargis Naz
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fraz Ali
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alshammari WB, Alshammery K, Lotfi S, Altamimi H, Alshammari A, Al-Harbi NA, Jakovljević D, Alharbi MH, Moustapha ME, Abd El-Moneim D, Abdelaal K. Improvement of morphophysiological and anatomical attributes of plants under abiotic stress conditions using plant growth-promoting bacteria and safety treatments. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17286. [PMID: 38708356 PMCID: PMC11067897 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought and salinity are the major abiotic stress factors negatively affecting the morphophysiological, biochemical, and anatomical characteristics of numerous plant species worldwide. The detrimental effects of these environmental factors can be seen in leaf and stem anatomical structures including the decrease in thickness of cell walls, palisade and spongy tissue, phloem and xylem tissue. Also, the disintegration of grana staking, and an increase in the size of mitochondria were observed under salinity and drought conditions. Drought and salt stresses can significantly decrease plant height, number of leaves and branches, leaf area, fresh and dry weight, or plant relative water content (RWC%) and concentration of photosynthetic pigments. On the other hand, stress-induced lipid peroxidation and malondialdehyde (MDA) production, electrolyte leakage (EL%), and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can increase under salinity and drought conditions. Antioxidant defense systems such as catalase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase, ascorbic acid, and gamma-aminobutyric acid are essential components under drought and salt stresses to protect the plant organelles from oxidative damage caused by ROS. The application of safe and eco-friendly treatments is a very important strategy to overcome the adverse effects of drought and salinity on the growth characteristics and yield of plants. It is shown that treatments with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can improve morphoanatomical characteristics under salinity and drought stress. It is also shown that yeast extract, mannitol, proline, melatonin, silicon, chitosan, α-Tocopherols (vitamin E), and biochar alleviate the negative effects of drought and salinity stresses through the ROS scavenging resulting in the improvement of plant attributes and yield of the stressed plants. This review discusses the role of safety and eco-friendly treatments in alleviating the harmful effects of salinity and drought associated with the improvement of the anatomical, morphophysiological, and biochemical features in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kholoud Alshammery
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa Lotfi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haya Altamimi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadi Awad Al-Harbi
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dragana Jakovljević
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragu-jevac, Serbia
| | - Mona Hajed Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Scince and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustapha Eid Moustapha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Diaa Abd El-Moneim
- Department of Plant Production (Genetic Branch), Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, Egypt
| | - Khaled Abdelaal
- EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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Çavuşoğlu K, Çavuşoğlu D. Exogenous application of mycotoxin fusaric acid improve the morphological, cytogenetic, biochemical and anatomical parameters in salt (NaCl) stressed Allium cepa L. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6962. [PMID: 38521884 PMCID: PMC10960845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57762-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stress factors that negatively affect plant growth and development. In contrast, fusaric acid (FA), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium and Giberella fungal genera, has biological and metabolic effects in various plants. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the protective effect of externally applied FA (0.1 nM) against the damage caused by salt (0.15 M NaCl) stress in onion (Allium cepa L.) plant. Salt stress resulted in an increase in the chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and micronucleus (MN) frequency, a decrease in the mitotic index (MI), fresh weight, root number, germination percentage, and root length. It promoted CAs such as irregular mitosis, bilobulated nuclei, chromosome loss, bridge, unequal seperation of chromosome, vagrant chromosome and polar slip in root meristem cells. In addition, salt stress caused a enhancement in free proline (PR), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the roots of onion plant. Moreover, it revealed damage and changes that include the accumulation of some chemical substances such as proline and sugars in epidermis and cortex layer cells, epidermal cell injury, flattening of the cell nucleus, wall thickening in cortex cells, necrotic areas and indistinct transmission tissue in the anatomical structure of onion roots. On the other hand, FA application promoted bulb germination and mitotic activity, strengthened the antioxidant defense system, and reduced chromosome and anatomical structure damages. In conclusion; it has been revealed that exogenous FA application may have a positive effect on increasing the resistance of onion plants to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kürşat Çavuşoğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Süleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Dilek Çavuşoğlu
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Atabey Vocational High School, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, 32670, Isparta, Turkey
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Kaya C, Uğurlar F, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Dewil R, Ahmad P. Mitigating salt toxicity and overcoming phosphate deficiency alone and in combination in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants through supplementation of hydrogen sulfide. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119759. [PMID: 38091729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
While it is widely recognized that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) promotes plant stress tolerance, the precise processes through which H2S modulates this process remains unclear. The processes by which H2S promotes phosphorus deficiency (PD) and salinity stress (SS) tolerance, simulated individually or together, were examined in this study. The adverse impacts on plant biomass, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence were more pronounced with joint occurrence of PD and SS than with individual application. Malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and electrolyte leakage (EL) levels in plant leaves were higher in plants exposed to joint stresses than in plants grown under an individual stress. When plants were exposed to a single stress as opposed to both stressors, sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) treatment more efficiently decreased EL, MDA, and H2O2 concentrations. Superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidase activities were increased by SS alone or in conjunction with PD, whereas catalase activity decreased significantly. The favorable impact of NaHS on all the evaluated attributes was reversed by supplementation with 0.2 mM hypotaurine (HT), a H2S scavenger. Overall, the unfavorable effects caused to NaHS-supplied plants by a single stress were less severe compared with those caused by the combined administration of both stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | - Ferhat Uğurlar
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raf Dewil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium; Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Zeng LL, Song LY, Wu X, Ma DN, Song SW, Wang XX, Zheng HL. Brassinosteroid enhances salt tolerance via S-nitrosoglutathione reductase and nitric oxide signaling pathway in mangrove Kandelia obovata. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:511-526. [PMID: 37869766 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroid (BR) has been shown to modulate plant tolerance to various stresses. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is involved in the plant response to environment stress by fine-turning the level of nitric oxide (NO). However, whether GSNOR is involved in BR-regulated Na+ /K+ homeostasis to improve the salt tolerance in halophyte is unknown. Here, we firstly reported that high salinity increases the expression of BR-biosynthesis genes and the endogenous levels of BR in mangrove Kandelia obovata. Then, salt-induced BR triggers the activities and gene expressions of GSNOR and antioxidant enzymes, thereafter decrease the levels of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide. Subsequently, BR-mediated GSNOR negatively regulates NO contributions to the reduction of reactive oxygen species generation and induction of the gene expression related to Na+ and K+ transport, leading to the decrease of Na+ /K+ ratio in the roots of K. obovata. Finally, the applications of exogenous BR, NO scavenger, BR biosynthetic inhibitor and GSNOR inhibitor further confirm the function of BR. Taken together, our result provides insight into the mechanism of BR in the response of mangrove K. obovata to high salinity via GSNOR and NO signaling pathway by reducing oxidative damage and modulating Na+ /K+ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lan Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ling-Yu Song
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Dong-Na Ma
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shi-Wei Song
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Wang
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hai-Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Altaf MA, Behera B, Mangal V, Singhal RK, Kumar R, More S, Naz S, Mandal S, Dey A, Saqib M, Kishan G, Kumar A, Singh B, Tiwari RK, Lal MK. Tolerance and adaptation mechanism of Solanaceous crops under salinity stress. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:NULL. [PMID: 36356932 DOI: 10.1071/fp22158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solanaceous crops act as a source of food, nutrition and medicine for humans. Soil salinity is a damaging environmental stress, causing significant reductions in cultivated land area, crop productivity and quality, especially under climate change. Solanaceous crops are extremely vulnerable to salinity stress due to high water requirements during the reproductive stage and the succulent nature of fruits and tubers. Salinity stress impedes morphological and anatomical development, which ultimately affect the production and productivity of the economic part of these crops. The morpho-physiological parameters such as root-to-shoot ratio, leaf area, biomass production, photosynthesis, hormonal balance, leaf water content are disturbed under salinity stress in Solanaceous crops. Moreover, the synthesis and signalling of reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, accumulation of compatible solutes, and osmoprotectant are significant under salinity stress which might be responsible for providing tolerance in these crops. The regulation at the molecular level is mediated by different genes, transcription factors, and proteins, which are vital in the tolerance mechanism. The present review aims to redraw the attention of the researchers to explore the mechanistic understanding and potential mitigation strategies against salinity stress in Solanaceous crops, which is an often-neglected commodity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vikas Mangal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singhal
- ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sanket More
- ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Safina Naz
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sayanti Mandal
- Institute of Bioinformatics Biotechnology (IBB), Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073, India
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Gopi Kishan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Brajesh Singh
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India; and ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India; and ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Bhatla SC, Ranjan P, Singh N, Gogna M. Pure biochemicals and nanomaterials as next generation biostimulants for sustainable agriculture under abiotic stress - recent advances and future scope. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2290336. [PMID: 38050377 PMCID: PMC10732687 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2290336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture faces major challenges under abiotic stress conditions owing to extensive application of chemical fertilizers which pollute water, soil and atmosphere. Biostimulants (BSs), comprising of naturally derived complex mixtures of uncharacterized biomolecules, pure biochemicals and nanomaterials, enhance nutrient use efficiency (NUE) and trigger crop's natural defense mechanisms. While it is difficult to specify the metabolic effects of uncharacterized natural mixtures (seaweed extract, protein hydrolyzates, etc.), exogenous application of pure biochemicals and nanomaterials offers an edge as BSs since their physiological roles and mechanisms of action are decipherable. Foliar application or seed treatment of some amino acids, polyamines and biopolymers (chitosan, lipochitin oligosaccharides and thuricin 17) enable plants to overcome drought and salinity stress via activation of mechanisms for reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, osmolyte regulation and chlorophyll accumulation. Interaction of nitric oxide (NO) with some vitamins and melatonin exhibits potential significance as BSs for mitigating stress by ROS scavenging and maintenance of intracellular ionic balance and membrane integrity. Near future is likely to see wide applications of nanoparticles (NPs) and nanomaterials (NMs) as BSs in view of their biphasic mode of action (bio-physical activation of membrane receptors followed by gradual release of BS into the plant cells).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priya Ranjan
- Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Department of Botany, Gargi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Mansi Gogna
- Department of Botany, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Yonny ME, Toscano Adamo ML, Rodríguez Torresi A, Reversat G, Zhou B, Oger C, Galano JM, Durand T, Vigor C, Nazareno MA. Oxidative stress mitigation in horticultural crops using foliar applications of Ilex paraguariensis extract: a dose-dependent study. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14066. [PMID: 38148241 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress has been shown to induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant cells. When the level of ROS surpasses the capacity of the endogenous defence mechanism, oxidative stress status is reached, leading to plant damage and a drop in crop productivity. Under oxidative stress conditions, ROS can react with polyunsaturated fatty acids to form oxidized derivatives called phytoprostanes (PhytoPs) and phytofurans (PhytoFs), which are recognized as biomarkers of oxidative damage advance. Modern agriculture proposes the use of biostimulants as a sustainable strategy to alleviate the negative effects of oxidative stress on plants. This work evaluates the dose effect of natural antioxidant extract to mitigate the oxidative-stress deleterious effects in melon and sweet pepper exposed to thermal stress. The plants were sprayed with Ilex paraguariensis (IP) aqueous extract in three different concentrations before exposure to abiotic stress. PhytoP and PhytoF levels were determined in the leaves of melon and pepper plants. IP1 and IP2 were effective against oxidative stress in both plants, with IP1 being the most protective one. IP1 decreased the levels of PhytoPs and PhytoFs by roughly 44% in both melon plants and pepper plants. The yield, with IP1, increased by 57 and 39% in stressed melon and pepper plants, respectively. IP3 foliar application in melon plants induced a pro-oxidant effect rather than the expected mitigating action. However, in sweet pepper plants, IP3 decreased the oxidative stress progress and increased the fruit yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa E Yonny
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas- Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias -Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. CONICET. Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - María L Toscano Adamo
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas- Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias -Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. CONICET. Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | | | - Guillaume Reversat
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Binqging Zhou
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Mónica A Nazareno
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas- Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias -Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. CONICET. Santiago del Estero, Argentina
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López-Serrano L, Martínez-Cuenca MR, López-Galarza S, Calatayud Á. Differential gene expression patterns and physiological responses improve adaptation to high salinity concentration in pepper accessions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14090. [PMID: 38148183 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
High salinity decreases the productivity of crops worldwide. Pepper is particularly sensitive to high salt concentrations. Herein, we subjected three tolerant pepper accessions (C12, B14 and A25) to high sodium chloride concentration (70 mM NaCl). The aerial and root biomass, leaf and root osmotic potential (Ψπ ), Na+ , Cl- , K+ and proline concentrations and the relative expression of the putative genes CaSOS1, CaHKT1, three CaNHXs and CaP5CS were measured. Different salinity tolerance strategies depending on the pepper accession were identified. In C12, tolerance was attributed to the accumulation of Na+ in vacuoles and endosomes by the activation of vacuolar CaNHXs genes and the reduction in Ψπ ; additionally, the activation of CaHKT1 and CaSOS1 in leaves and roots moved and accumulated Na+ ions in the xylem and xylem parenchyma cells (XPC) as well as expulsed it out of the root cells. A25 accession, on the contrary, was specialized in compartmentalizing Na+ ions in root and leaf vacuoles and root XPC by the up-regulation of CaNHXs and CaHKT1, respectively, avoiding a toxic accumulation in leaves. Finally, B14 accession moved and accumulated Na+ in xylem and XPC, reducing its concentration in roots by the activation of CaSOS1 and CaHKT1. This study shade light on different tolerance mechanisms of pepper plants to overcome salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia López-Serrano
- Horticulture Department, Valencian Institute for Agricultural Research, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Ángeles Calatayud
- Horticulture Department, Valencian Institute for Agricultural Research, Valencia, Spain
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Shang X, Hui L, Jianlong Z, Hao Z, Cao C, Le H, Weimin Z, Yang L, Gao Y, Hou X. The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria enhances the tolerance of tobacco seedling to salt stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115512. [PMID: 37757625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a novel and an efficient strategy for improving soil degradation and productivity. However, the effect of PGPR on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) seedling growth under salt stress remains unclear. Here, microcosm experiments were designed to verify the effects of Bacillus cereus TC012 (BC), Bacillus methylotrophicus TC023 (BM), and Bacillus amyloliquefacien TC037 (BA) on tobacco grown in salt-affected soil. The results showed that BC, BM, and BA treatments significantly increased the height of tobacco plants by 38.65%, 91.94%, and 90.66%, respectively. Furthermore, the growth of various components of tobacco plant, such as stem girth, seedling biomass, carotenoid, and chlorophyll were stimulated in salt-affected soils. The changes in the salinity of the tobacco plant mostly relies on the improvement of proline, soluble protein, soluble sugar content, plant protective enzymatic activity, and K+/Na+ ratios. Increases in indole-3-acetic acid, zeatin riboside and gibberellic acid also promoted tobacco growth. Additionally, inoculation with PGPR enhanced the enzymatic activity of laccase, urease, neutral protease, acid phosphatase, and sucrase in soil samples and had positive effects on the physicochemical properties. The soil bacterial communities significantly improved after inoculation with PGPR. In particular, the relative abundance of Pseudomonas and Bacillus significantly increased. Overall, PGPR inoculation has great potential to alleviate salt damage in tobacco plants and may have far reaching benefits to the agricultural community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchao Shang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Liu Hui
- Yunnan Tobacco Leaf Company, Kunming 650218, China
| | | | - Zong Hao
- Shandong Linyi Tobacco Co., Ltd., Linyi 276000, China
| | - Changdai Cao
- Shandong Rizhao Tobacco Co., Ltd., Rizhao 276800, China
| | - Hou Le
- Shandong China Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd. Jinan Cigarette Factory, Jinan 250104, China
| | - Zhang Weimin
- Yunnan Tobacco Leaf Company, Kunming 650218, China
| | - Long Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yun Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Xin Hou
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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11
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Abbas K, Li J, Gong B, Lu Y, Wu X, Lü G, Gao H. Drought Stress Tolerance in Vegetables: The Functional Role of Structural Features, Key Gene Pathways, and Exogenous Hormones. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13876. [PMID: 37762179 PMCID: PMC10530793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The deleterious effects of drought stress have led to a significant decline in vegetable production, ultimately affecting food security. After sensing drought stress signals, vegetables prompt multifaceted response measures, eventually leading to changes in internal cell structure and external morphology. Among them, it is important to highlight that the changes, including changes in physiological metabolism, signal transduction, key genes, and hormone regulation, significantly influence drought stress tolerance in vegetables. This article elaborates on vegetable stress tolerance, focusing on structural adaptations, key genes, drought stress signaling transduction pathways, osmotic adjustments, and antioxidants. At the same time, the mechanisms of exogenous hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ET) toward improving the adaptive drought tolerance of vegetables were also reviewed. These insights can enhance the understanding of vegetable drought tolerance, supporting vegetable tolerance enhancement by cultivation technology improvements under changing climatic conditions, which provides theoretical support and technical reference for innovative vegetable stress tolerance breeding and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongbo Gao
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Ministry of Education of China-Hebei Province Joint Innovation Center for Efficient Green Vegetable Industry, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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12
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Saleh EAM, Al-Dolaimy F, Qasim Almajidi Y, Baymakov S, Kader M MA, Ullah MI, Abbas AHR, Khlewee IH, Bisht YS, Alsaalamy AH. Oxidative stress affects the beginning of the growth of cancer cells through a variety of routes. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154664. [PMID: 37573621 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a physiological condition that occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the cell's antioxidant defense system. ROS are highly reactive molecules that can cause damage to cellular structures such as DNA, proteins, and lipids. the regulation of ROS levels and the antioxidant defense system is crucial for cancer prevention and treatment. Strategies to enhance antioxidant defenses or induce oxidative stress selectively in cancer cells are being developed as potential therapeutic approaches. targeting oxidative stress in cancer treatment is an active area of research with several potential therapeutic approaches being investigated. Developing selective and effective therapies that target oxidative stress in cancer cells while sparing normal cells will be crucial for improving cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebraheem Abdu Musad Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University,College of Arts and Science, Wadi Al-Dawasir 11991, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Sayfiddin Baymakov
- Department of General surgery and Military-Field surgery, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Scientific affairs, Samarkand State Dental Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan.
| | - Mohammed Abdul Kader M
- Department Restorative Dental science, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ikram Ullah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University Sakaka, 72388 Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hussien R Abbas
- College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ibrahim Hammoud Khlewee
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Yashwant Singh Bisht
- Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Ali Hashiem Alsaalamy
- College of technical engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
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13
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Aouz A, Khan I, Chattha MB, Ahmad S, Ali M, Ali I, Ali A, Alqahtani FM, Hashem M, Albishi TS, Qari SH, Chatta MU, Hassan MU. Silicon Induces Heat and Salinity Tolerance in Wheat by Increasing Antioxidant Activities, Photosynthetic Activity, Nutrient Homeostasis, and Osmo-Protectant Synthesis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2606. [PMID: 37514221 PMCID: PMC10385395 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Modern agriculture is facing the challenges of salinity and heat stresses, which pose a serious threat to crop productivity and global food security. Thus, it is necessary to develop the appropriate measures to minimize the impacts of these serious stresses on field crops. Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element on earth and has been recognized as an important substance to mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses. Thus, the present study determined the role of Si in mitigating adverse impacts of salinity stress (SS) and heat stress (HS) on wheat crop. This study examined response of different wheat genotypes, namely Akbar-2019, Subhani-2021, and Faisalabad-2008, under different treatments: control, SS (8 dSm-1), HS, SS + HS, control + Si, SS + Si, HS+ Si, and SS + HS+ Si. This study's findings reveal that HS and SS caused a significant decrease in the growth and yield of wheat by increasing electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production; sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) accumulation; and decreasing relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll and carotenoid content, total soluble proteins (TSP), and free amino acids (FAA), as well as nutrient uptake (potassium, K; calcium, Ca; and magnesium, Mg). However, Si application offsets the negative effects of both salinity and HS and improved the growth and yield of wheat by increasing chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, RWC, antioxidant activity, TSP, FAA accumulation, and nutrient uptake (Ca, K, and Mg); decreasing EL, electrolyte leakage, MDA, and H2O2; and restricting the uptake of Na+ and Cl-. Thus, the application of Si could be an important approach to improve wheat growth and yield under normal and combined saline and HS conditions by improving plant physiological functioning, antioxidant activities, nutrient homeostasis, and osmolyte accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansa Aouz
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Chattha
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ahmad
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muqarrab Ali
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- School of Life Sciences & Center of Novel Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Abid Ali
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fatmah M Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tasahil S Albishi
- Biology Department, College of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer H Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Umer Chatta
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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14
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Çavuşoğlu K, Çavuşoğlu D. Investigation of the potential role of fusicoccin, a fungal phytotoxin, in mitigating salt stress in onion roots. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9801. [PMID: 37328634 PMCID: PMC10275882 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusicoccin is a diterpene glycoside that plays an important role in the regulation of plant growth and development. Fusicoccin produced by Fusicoccum amydali fungus is known to affect plant growth positively with external applications due to its potential to stimulate the tolerance system of plants under stress conditions. In this study, it was aimed to reduce the negative effects of salt (0.15 M NaCl) stress on the germination and growth of onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs by external fusicoccin (3 µM) application. For this purpose, the germination percentage, root length, root number, fresh weight, mitotic activity, micronucleus frequency, chromosomal abnormality, antioxidant enzyme activity, osmolyte accumulation, cell membrane damage and root anatomical structure were investigated in the current study. Salt stress caused a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in all examined parameters. External application of fusicoccin to onion bulbs germinated under salt stress conditions was found to be promising as a plant growth promoter and mitosis stimulator. In addition, fusicoccin application alleviated the harmful effects of salt stress on the chromosome structure and root anatomical structure and protected the cells from the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of salt. Moreover, this application contributed to the fight against reactive oxygen species of onion plant and increased salt tolerance by regulating the accumulation of osmolyte substances such as proline and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, and by minimizing cell membrane damage in root cells. In conclusion, this study showed that exogenous application of 3 µM fusicoccin reduced the damage caused by oxidative stress in onion bulbs and served for healthy germination and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kürşat Çavuşoğlu
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Dilek Çavuşoğlu
- Atabey Vocational High School, Department of Plant and Animal Production, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Isparta, Turkey
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15
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Wu Y, Wang X, Zhang L, Zheng Y, Liu X, Zhang Y. The critical role of biochar to mitigate the adverse impacts of drought and salinity stress in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1163451. [PMID: 37223815 PMCID: PMC10200947 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1163451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress (DS) is a potential abiotic stress that is substantially reducing crop productivity across the globe. Likewise, salinity stress (SS) is another serious abiotic stress that is also a major threat to global crop productivity. The rapid climate change increased the intensity of both stresses which pose a serious threat to global food security; therefore, it is urgently needed to tackle both stresses to ensure better crop production. Globally, different measures are being used to improve crop productivity under stress conditions. Among these measures, biochar (BC) has been widely used to improve soil health and promote crop yield under stress conditions. The application of BC improves soil organic matter, soil structure, soil aggregate stability, water and nutrient holding capacity, and the activity of both beneficial microbes and fungi, which leads to an appreciable increase in tolerance to both damaging and abiotic stresses. BC biochar protects membrane stability, improves water uptake, maintains nutrient homeostasis, and reduces reactive oxygen species production (ROS) through enhanced antioxidant activities, thereby substantially improving tolerance to both stresses. Moreover, BC-mediated improvements in soil properties also substantially improve photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll synthesis, gene expression, the activity of stress-responsive proteins, and maintain the osmolytes and hormonal balance, which in turn improve tolerance against osmotic and ionic stresses. In conclusion, BC could be a promising amendment to bring tolerance against both drought and salinity stresses. Therefore, in the present review, we have discussed various mechanisms through which BC improves drought and salt tolerance. This review will help readers to learn more about the role of biochar in causing drought and salinity stress in plants, and it will also provide new suggestions on how this current knowledge about biochar can be used to develop drought and salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wu
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Long Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjie Zheng
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinliang Liu
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Yueting Zhang
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
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16
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Zayed BA, Ghazy HA, Negm ME, Bassiouni SM, Hadifa AA, El-Sharnobi DE, Abdelhamed MM, Abo-Marzoka EA, Okasha AM, Elsayed S, Farooque AA, Yaseen ZM. Response of varied rice genotypes on cell membrane stability, defense system, physio-morphological traits and yield under transplanting and aerobic cultivation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5765. [PMID: 37031264 PMCID: PMC10082820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32191-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic rice cultivation progresses water productivity, and it can save almost 50% of irrigation water compared to lowland rice with the appropriate development of genotypes and management practices. Two field trials were conducted during 2020, and 2021 seasons to determine the validation of different rice varieties under aerobic cultivation based on their plant defense system, physio-morphological traits, stress indices, grain yield, and water productivity. The experiments were designed in a split-plot design with four replications. Two planting methods, transplanting and aerobic cultivation, were denoted as the main plots, and ten rice genotypes were distributed in the subplots. The results revealed that the planting method varied significantly in all measured parameters. The transplanting method with well watering had the highest value of all measured parameters except leaf rolling, membrane stability index, antioxidant, proline, and the number of unfilled grains. EHR1, Giza179 and GZ9399 as well as A22 genotypes a chief more antioxidant defense system that operated under aerobic conditions. Giza179, EHR1, GZ9399, and Giza178 showed high cell membrane stability and subsequently high validation under such conditions, and also showed efficiency in decreasing water consumption and improving water use efficiency. In conclusion, this study proves that Giza179, EHR1, GZ9399, Giza178, and A22 are valid genotypes for aerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassiouni A Zayed
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Hasnaa A Ghazy
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Mahrous E Negm
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Sherif M Bassiouni
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Adel A Hadifa
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Dalia E El-Sharnobi
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdelhamed
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Elsayed A Abo-Marzoka
- Crop Physiology Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Amira M Okasha
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Salah Elsayed
- Evaluation of Natural Resources Department, Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Minufiya, 32897, Egypt
- New era and Development in Civil Engineering Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, 64001, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Aitazaz A Farooque
- Canadian Center for Climate Change and Adaptation University of Prince Edward Island, St Peter's Bay, PE, Canada.
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada.
| | - Zaher Mundher Yaseen
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
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17
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Zhang M, Li X, Wang X, Feng J, Zhu S. Potassium fulvic acid alleviates salt stress of citrus by regulating rhizosphere microbial community, osmotic substances and enzyme activities. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1161469. [PMID: 37035078 PMCID: PMC10076529 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1161469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress damage to plants has been becoming a global concern for agriculture. The application of potassium fulvic acid (PFA) is a promising strategy to alleviate the damage to plants and improve soil quality. However, the study of PFA on plant growth and rhizosphere microbial community remains limited. In this study, microcosmic experiments were conducted to verify the effect of PFA on citrus. Trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata), the most important citrus rootstock, was used to evaluate the effect of PFA on salt damage. The results showed that PFA significantly increased the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid by 30.09%, 17.55% and 27.43%, and effectively avoided the yellowing and scorching of leaves under salt stress. Based on the results of two-way ANOVA, the mitigation of salt stress on trifoliate seedlings primarily attributed to the enhancement of protective enzyme activities, K+/Na+ ratio and the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline. Moreover, PFA enhanced neutral protease (S-NPT), sucrase (S-SC) and urease (S-UE) of rhizosphere soil and improved soil nutrition status. The abundance of Bacillus, a kind of rhizosphere beneficial bacteria, was improved by PFA under salt stress, which was mainly associated with the increased activities of S-NPT, S-SC and S-UE. Overall, the application of PFA showed great potential for the alleviation of salt damage on citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Zhang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Jipeng Feng
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiping Zhu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Beibei, Chongqing, China
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18
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Zhao J, Hu J. Melatonin: Current status and future perspectives in horticultural plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1140803. [PMID: 37035081 PMCID: PMC10076644 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1140803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Global warming in this century increases incidences of various abiotic stresses, restricting plant growth and productivity and posing a severe threat to global food production and security. Different phytohormones are produced by plants to mitigate the adverse effects of these stresses. One such phytohormone is melatonin (MEL), which, being a potential bio-stimulator, helps to govern a wide array of functions in horticultural crops. Recent advancements have determined the role of MEL in plants' responses to abiotic stresses. MEL enhances physiological functions such as seed germination, growth and development, seedling growth, root system architecture, and photosynthetic efficiency. The potential function of MEL in stressful environments is to regulate the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity, thus playing a role in the substantial scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, MEL, as a plant growth regulator and bio-stimulator, aids in promoting plant tolerance to abiotic stress, mainly through improvements in nutrient uptake, osmolyte production, and cellular membrane stability. This review, therefore, focuses on the possible functions of MEL in the induction of different abiotic stresses in horticultural crops. Therefore, this review would help readers learn more about MEL in altered environments and provide new suggestions on how this knowledge could be used to develop stress tolerance.
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19
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Enhancing Wheat Growth and Yield through Salicylic Acid-Mediated Regulation of Gas Exchange, Antioxidant Defense, and Osmoprotection under Salt Stress. STRESSES 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/stresses3010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a major challenge for agricultural productivity, adversely affecting crop growth and yield. In recent years, various techniques have been developed to increase crop tolerance to salinity, including seed priming. This study was carried out to assess the effects of salicylic acid (SA) priming (0-, 10- and 20-mM) in comparison with hydropriming on growth, physio-biochemical activities, and yield of two wheat varieties (AARI-11 and Ujala-15) under 0- and 170-mM sodium chloride (NaCl) toxicity. The exposure of wheat plants to NaCl led to a significant reduction in various growth factors, including fresh weight (40%), total chlorophyll (39%), stomatal conductance (42%), shoot Ca2+ (39%), and 1000-grain weight (34%). In contrast, salt stress triggered the activities of POD, SOD, CAT, glycine-betaine, phenolics, and proline. The application of 20 mM SA through seed priming was found to greatly improve the fresh root weight, chlorophyll b, POD activities, shoot Ca2+, and overall yield (up to 71, 66, 35, 57, and 44%, respectively) under salt stress. While hydropriming also enhanced wheat tolerance to salinity.
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20
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Toscano S, Romano D, Ferrante A. Molecular Responses of Vegetable, Ornamental Crops, and Model Plants to Salinity Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043190. [PMID: 36834600 PMCID: PMC9965374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vegetable and ornamental plants represent a very wide group of heterogeneous plants, both herbaceous and woody, generally without relevant salinity-tolerant mechanisms. The cultivation conditions-almost all are irrigated crops-and characteristics of the products, which must not present visual damage linked to salt stress, determine the necessity for a deep investigation of the response of these crops to salinity stress. Tolerance mechanisms are linked to the capacity of a plant to compartmentalize ions, produce compatible solutes, synthesize specific proteins and metabolites, and induce transcriptional factors. The present review critically evaluates advantages and disadvantages to study the molecular control of salt tolerance mechanisms in vegetable and ornamental plants, with the aim of distinguishing tools for the rapid and effective screening of salt tolerance levels in different plants. This information can not only help in suitable germplasm selection, which is very useful in consideration of the high biodiversity expressed by vegetable and ornamental plants, but also drive the further breeding activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Toscano
- Department of Science Veterinary, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Romano
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Università degli Studi di Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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21
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Kaur H, Kaur R, Singh S, Jagota N, Kaur G, Manchanda G, Bindra S, Sharma A. Morphological and antioxidant responses of Cicer arietinum L. genotypes exposed to combination stress of anthracene and sodium chloride. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137419. [PMID: 36460161 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Various mutagenic, carcinogenic pollutants such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are released into the environment posing a negative effect on plant metabolism. All the pollutants that are emitted into the atmosphere, ultimately find their way into the plant. Soil salinity stress is one of the major determinants of crop productivity. Different plants respond differently to different abiotic stress present alone or in combination. One such combination of abiotic stress is PAHs and salinity stress. The present research aims to study the effect of the application of NaCl and Anthracene alone and in various combinations on two chickpea genotypes GPF2 and PDG4. A 21 days laboratory experiment was conducted in petriplates and growth pouches. Different concentrations of NaCl and Anthracene were given to two chickpea genotypes viz. GPF2 and PDG4, alone as well as in combinations to study morphological, physiological and antioxidant responses. Results obtained were further analyzed by using various statistical measures such as Principle Component Analysis and Two-way ANOVA. Results indicated that under the dual presence of NaCl and Anthracene, GPF2 exhibited higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and was shown to have a negative correlation with plant height and chlorophyll content. Based on the results of the present investigation, it was concluded that GPF2 was a better performing chickpea genotype towards the combined presence of Anthracene and NaCl as compared to PDG4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harleen Kaur
- Department of Botany and Environment Science, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Ravneet Kaur
- Department of Botany and Environment Science, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Swapnil Singh
- Department of Botany and Environment Science, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Neetu Jagota
- Department of Botany and Environment Science, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur
- Department of Botany and Environment Science, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | | | - Shayla Bindra
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Department of Botany and Environment Science, DAV University, Jalandhar, India.
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22
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Afshar AS, Abbaspour H. Mycorrhizal symbiosis alleviate salinity stress in pistachio plants by altering gene expression and antioxidant pathways. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:263-276. [PMID: 36875732 PMCID: PMC9981847 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated how inoculation of salt-stressed Pistacia vera seedlings with Rhizophagus irregularis, an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), affects their biomass, oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression. Pistachio seedlings (N:36) were randomly assigned to AMF inoculation and non-inoculation groups in a pot experiment with 9 replications. Each group was further divided and randomly assigned to two salinity treatments (0 and 300 mM NaCl). At the end of week 4, three pistachio plantlets were randomly selected from each group for Rhizophagus irregularis colonization inspection, physiological and biochemical assays, and biomass measurements. Salinity activated enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in the pistachio plants were studied. The negative effects of salinity included reduced biomass and relative water content (RWC), increased O2 ·-, H2O2, MDA, and electrolytic leakage. Generally, Rhizophagus irregularis was found to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity in pistachio seedlings. AMF inoculation resulted in even further increases in the activities of SODs, POD, CAT, and GR enzymes, upregulating Cu/Zn-SOD, Fe-SOD, Mn-SOD, and GR genes expression in plants under salinity stress. Moreover, AMF significantly increased AsA, α-tocopherol, and carotenoids under both control and salinity conditions. The study concludes with a call for future research into the mechanisms of mycorrhiza-induced tolerance in plants under salinity stress. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01279-8.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Abbaspour
- Department of Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Çavuşoğlu D. Modulation of NaCl-induced osmotic, cytogenetic, oxidative and anatomic damages by coronatine treatment in onion (Allium cepa L.). Sci Rep 2023; 13:1580. [PMID: 36709377 PMCID: PMC9884239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28849-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronatine (COR), a bacterial phytotoxin produced by Pseudomonas syringae, plays important roles in many plant growth processes. Onion bulbs were divided four groups to investigate the effects of COR against sodium chloride (NaCl) stress exposure in Allium cepa L. root tips. While control group bulbs were soaked in tap water medium, treatment group bulbs were grown in 0.15 M NaCl, 0.01 µM COR and 0.01 µM COR + 0.15 M NaCl medium, respectively. NaCl stress seriously inhibited the germination, root lenght, root number and fresh weight of the bulbs. It significantly decreased the mitotic index (MI), whereas dramatically increased the micronucleus (MN) frequency and chromosomal aberrations (CAs). Moreover, in order to determine the level of lipid peroxidation occurring in the cell membrane, malondialdehyde (MDA) content was measured and it was determined that it was at the highest level in the group germinated in NaCl medium alone. Similarly, it was revealed that the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and free proline contents in the group germinated in NaCl medium alone were higher than the other groups. On the other hand, NaCl stress caused significant injuries such as epidermis/cortex cell damage, MN formation in epidermis/cortex cells, flattened cells nuclei, unclear vascular tissue, cortex cell wall thickening, accumulation of certain chemical compounds in cortex cells and necrotic areas in the anatomical structure of bulb roots. However, exogenous COR application significantly alleviated the negative effects of NaCl stress on bulb germination and growth, antioxidant defense system, cytogenetic and anatomical structure. Thus, it has been proven that COR can be used as a protective agent against the harmful effects of NaCl on onion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Çavuşoğlu
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Plant Protection Program, Atabey Vocational High School, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Isparta, Turkey.
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24
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Kwon EH, Adhikari A, Imran M, Lee DS, Lee CY, Kang SM, Lee IJ. Exogenous SA Applications Alleviate Salinity Stress via Physiological and Biochemical changes in St John's Wort Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:310. [PMID: 36679023 PMCID: PMC9861905 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The plant St. John's wort contains high levels of melatonin, an important biochemical that has both beneficial and adverse effects on stress. Therefore, a method for increasing melatonin levels in plants without adversely affecting their growth is economically important. In this study, we investigated the regulation of melatonin levels in St. John's wort by exposing samples to salinity stress (150 mM) and salicylic acid (0.25 mM) to augment stress tolerance. The results indicated that salinity stress significantly reduced the plant chlorophyll content and damaged the photosystem, plant growth and development. Additionally, these were reconfirmed with biochemical indicators; the levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and proline were increased and the activities of antioxidants were reduced. However, a significant increase was found in melatonin content under salinity stress through upregulation in the relative expression of tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC), tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H), serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT), and N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT). The salicylic acid (SA) treatment considerably improved their photosynthetic activity, the maximum photochemical quantum yield (133%), the potential activity of PSⅡ (294%), and the performance index of electron flux to the final PS I electron acceptors (2.4%). On the other hand, SA application reduced ABA levels (32%); enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) (15.4%) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (120%); and increased polyphenol (6.4%) and flavonoid (75.4%) levels in salinity-stressed St. John's wort plants. Similarly, SA application under NaCl stress significantly modulated the melatonin content in terms of ion balance; the level of melatonin was reduced after SA application on salt-treated seedlings but noticeably higher than on only SA-treated and non-treated seedlings. Moreover, the proline content was reduced considerably and growth parameters, such as plant biomass, shoot length, and chlorophyll content, were enhanced following treatment of salinity-stressed St. John's wort plants with salicylic acid. These findings demonstrate the beneficial impact of salt stress in terms of a cost-effective approach to extract melatonin in larger quantities from St. John's wort. They also suggest the efficiency of salicylic acid in alleviating stress tolerance and promoting growth of St. John's wort plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hae Kwon
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Arjun Adhikari
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Sol Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Yeol Lee
- Department of Statictics Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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25
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Gupta A, Rai S, Bano A, Sharma S, Kumar M, Binsuwaidan R, Suhail Khan M, Upadhyay TK, Alshammari N, Saeed M, Pathak N. ACC Deaminase Produced by PGPR Mitigates the Adverse Effect of Osmotic and Salinity Stresses in Pisum sativum through Modulating the Antioxidants Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3419. [PMID: 36559529 PMCID: PMC9782781 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Salinity-induced ethylene production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibit agricultural productivity. The plant synthesizes ethylene directly from aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). By using ACC as a nitrogen source, bacteria with ACC deaminase (ACCD) inhibit the overproduction of ethylene, thereby maintaining the ROS. The present study investigated the ACCD activity of previously identified rhizobacterial strains in Dworkin and Foster (DF) minimal salt media supplemented with 5 mM ACC (as N-source). Bacterial isolates GKP KS2_7 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and MBD 133 (Bacillus subtilis) could degrade ACC into α-ketobutyrate, exhibiting ACCD activity producing more than ~257 nmol of α-ketobutyrate mg protein−1 h−1, and were evaluated for other plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits including indole acetic acid production (>63 µg/mL), phosphate solubilization (>86 µg mL−1), siderophore (>20%) ammonia and exopolysaccharide production. Furthermore, Fourier Transform Infrared analysis also demonstrated α-ketobutyrate liberation from ACC deamination in DF minimal salt media, thereby confirming the ACCD activity. These isolates also showed enhanced tolerance to salinity stress of 3% w/v NaCl in vitro, in addition to facilitating multifarious PGP activities. Seed bacterization by these ACCD-producing bacterial isolates (GKP KS2_7 and MBD 133) revealed a significant decline in stress-stimulated ethylene levels and its associated growth inhibition during seedling germination. They also mitigated the negative effects of salt stress and increased the root-shoot length, fresh and dry weight of root and shoot, root-shoot biomass, total sugar, protein, reducing sugar, chlorophyll content, and antioxidants enzymes in Pisum sativum. As a result, these strains (GKP KS2_7 and MBD 133) might be applied as biofertilizers to counteract the negative effects of soil salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Gupta
- IIRC-3, Plant-Microbe Interaction and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Smita Rai
- IIRC-3, Plant-Microbe Interaction and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Ambreen Bano
- IIRC-3, Plant-Microbe Interaction and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Swati Sharma
- IIRC-3, Plant-Microbe Interaction and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- CSIR—National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Reem Binsuwaidan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Suhail Khan
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre for Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
| | - Nawaf Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelam Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya 224001, India
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26
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Kong H, Xia W, Hou M, Ruan N, Li J, Zhu J. Cloning and function analysis of a Saussurea involucrata LEA4 gene. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:957133. [PMID: 35928707 PMCID: PMC9343949 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.957133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEA) help adapt to adverse low-temperature environments. The Saussurea involucrate SiLEA4, which encodes a membrane protein, was significantly up-regulated in response to low temperature stress. Escherichia coli expressing SiLEA4 showed enhanced low-temperature tolerance, as evident from the significantly higher survival numbers and growth rates at low temperatures. Moreover, tomato strains expressing SiLEA4 had significantly greater freezing resistance, due to a significant increase in the antioxidase activities and proline content. Furthermore, they had higher yields due to higher water utilization and photosynthetic efficiency under the same water and fertilizer conditions. Thus, expressing SiLEA4 has multiple advantages: (1) mitigating chilling injury, (2) increasing yields, and (3) water-saving, which also indicates the great potential of the SiLEA4 for breeding applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Kong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Wenwen Xia
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Mengjuan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Nan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jianbo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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27
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Bello AS, Saadaoui I, Ahmed T, Hamdi H, Cherif M, Ben-Hamadou R. Evaluation of Roholtiella sp. Extract on Bell Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) Yield and Quality in a Hydroponic Greenhouse System. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:843465. [PMID: 35909742 PMCID: PMC9331902 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.843465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the impacts of cyanobacteria (Roholtiella sp.) high-value product extract (HVPE) and water resuspended biomass WRB treatments on bell pepper production using the hydroponic system under greenhouse conditions. Six cyanobacteria treatments (6 ml L-1, 4 ml L-1, and 2 ml L-1 - HVPE, 6 ml L-1, 4 ml L-1, and 2 ml L-1 - WRB, and TR0 as control) were evaluated using the foliar application method. The results showed that foliar application of HVPE with treatments of 2 ml L-1, 4 ml L-1, and 6 ml L-1 produced significantly higher values of physical growth parameters of bell pepper (BP) plants (shoot length, the number of leaves, plant leaf length, plant leaf width, and the diameter of the shoot), SPAD index, yield components (the fruit length, fruit width, the number of fruit per plant, and fresh weight per fruit), biochemical composition [ascorbic acid, phenolic acid, and total soluble solids (TSS)], and the total yield compared to the control group TR0. Also, significant higher values of growth parameters (shoot length, the number of leaves, plant leaf length, plant leaf width, the diameter of the shoot), SPAD index, yield components (the fruit length, fruit width, the number of fruits per plant, and fresh weight per fruit), biochemical composition [ascorbic acid, phenolic acid, and total soluble solids (TSS)], and the total yield were obtained with foliar spraying WRB at 2 ml L-1, 4 ml L-1, and 6 ml L-1 compared to the control group TR0. Consequently, the treated bell pepper with Roholtiella sp. HVPE and WRB were more efficient in enhancing production and chemical constituents compared with the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Suraj Bello
- Envrionmental Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Imen Saadaoui
- Envrionmental Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Algal Technologies Program (ATP), Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Talaat Ahmed
- Environmental Science Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Helmi Hamdi
- Food and Water Security Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maroua Cherif
- Algal Technologies Program (ATP), Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Radhouane Ben-Hamadou
- Envrionmental Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Environmental Science Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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28
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Naz R, Zaman QU, Nazir S, Komal N, Chen Y, Ashraf K, Al-Huqail AA, Alfagham A, Siddiqui MH, Ali HM, Khan F, Sultan K, Khosa Q. Silicon fertilization counteracts salinity-induced damages associated with changes in physio-biochemical modulations in spinach. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267939. [PMID: 35679266 PMCID: PMC9182609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and productivity are limited by the severe impact of salt stress on the fundamental physiological processes. Silicon (Si) supplementation is one of the promising techniques to improve the resilience of plants under salt stress. This study deals with the response of exogenous Si applications (0, 2, 4, and 6 mM) on growth, gaseous exchange, ion homeostasis and antioxidant enzyme activities in spinach grown under saline conditions (150 mM NaCl). Salinity stress markedly reduced the growth, physiological, biochemical, water availability, photosynthesis, enzymatic antioxidants, and ionic status in spinach leaves. Salt stress significantly enhanced leaf Na+ contents in spinach plants. Supplementary foliar application of Si (4 mM) alleviated salt toxicity, by modulating the physiological and photosynthetic attributes and decreasing electrolyte leakage, and activities of SOD, POD and CAT. Moreover, Si-induced mitigation of salt stress was due to the depreciation in Na+/K+ ratio, Na+ ion uptake at the surface of spinach roots, and translocation in plant tissues, thereby reducing the Na+ ion accumulation. Foliar applied Si (4 mM) ameliorates ionic toxicity by decreasing Na+ uptake. Overall, the results illustrate that foliar applied Si induced resistance against salinity stress in spinach by regulating the physiology, antioxidant metabolism, and ionic homeostasis. We advocate that exogenous Si supplementation is a practical approach that will allow spinach plants to recover from salt toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riffat Naz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Qamar uz Zaman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saba Nazir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nayab Komal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yinglong Chen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Kamran Ashraf
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Government College University, Faisalabad Sahiwal Campus, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Asma A. Al-Huqail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud Alfagham
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faheema Khan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawar Sultan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Quratulain Khosa
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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29
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Zamljen T, Medic A, Hudina M, Veberic R, Slatnar A. Salt Stress Differentially Affects the Primary and Secondary Metabolism of Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) According to the Genotype, Fruit Part, and Salinity Level. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070853. [PMID: 35406833 PMCID: PMC9003448 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A total of four Capsicum annuum L. genotypes (‘Caro F1’, ‘Berenyi F1’, ‘Somborka’ and ‘Novosadka’) were exposed to two intensities of salt stress. We observed a significant decrease in the sugar content in all salt stressed treatments, except for the sucrose content of the pericarp of the ‘Caro F1’ cultivar. Salt stress had a largely negative effect on the total and individual organic acid content, although the effect differed among cultivars. Using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer, most phenolics were identified in the pericarp (18), followed by the placenta (7) and seeds (8). Treatment with 40 mM NaCl caused the highest increase in individual phenols, followed by treatment with 20 mM NaCl. The cultivar ‘Berenyi F1’ was less affected by salt stress treatment than the other three cultivars in terms of content of individual and total phenols. Salt stress increased the content of capsaicinoids in all the cultivars. The pericarp of the cultivar ‘Novosadka’ showed 17.5 and 50 times higher total capsaicinoid content than the control in the 20 mM and 40 mM NaCl, respectively. With the results of several metabolite groups, we confirmed that the reaction and metabolic content to salt stress within the genus Capsicum is genotype-, fruit part-, and salinity level-dependent.
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30
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Exogenous Caffeine (1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine) Application Diminishes Cadmium Toxicity by Modulating Physio-Biochemical Attributes and Improving the Growth of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14052806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Leafy vegetables usually absorb and retain heavy metals more readily than most of the other crop plants, and thus contribute ≥70% of the total cadmium (Cd) intake of humans. Caffeine mediates plant growth and has proved to be beneficial against pathogens and insects. Therefore, it was hypothesized that foliar applications of caffeine could alter metabolism and reduce Cd toxicity in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Seven-day old spinach seedlings were provided with Cd (0, 50, and 100 µM) stress. Caffeine (0, 5, or 10 mM) foliar spray was given twice at after 20 days of seeds germination with an interval of one week. In results, Cd stress reduced photosynthetic pigments biosynthesis, increased oxidative stress, imbalanced nutrient retention, and inhibited plant growth. On the other hand, the caffeine-treated spinach plants showed better growth owing to the enhanced biosynthesis of chlorophylls, better oxidative defense systems, and lower accumulation and transport of Cd within the plant tissues. Furthermore, caffeine application enhanced the accumulation of the proline and ascorbic acid, but reduced MDA and H2O2 contents and Cd in plant leaves, and ultimately improved mineral nutrition of spinach plants exposed to different Cd regimes. In conclusion, exogenous application of caffeine significantly diminishes Cd stress by modulating physiological, biochemical, and growth attributes of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)
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31
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Juprasong Y, Songnuan W. Plant Stress Scenarios Differentially Affect Expression and IgE Reactivity of Grass Group-1 Allergen (β-Expansin) in Maize and Rice Pollen. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:807387. [PMID: 35386660 PMCID: PMC8974862 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.807387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Grass pollen is among the most common outdoor aeroallergens eliciting pollen allergies throughout the world. Grass group-1 allergen or β-expansin is recognized as a major pollen allergen, particularly in the grass family Poaceae. Expression of β-expansin has been shown to be dynamic and can be influenced by environmental stresses. This study evaluated the relative expression of β-expansin and IgE-binding ability of crude pollen extract protein of rice and maize under three different stress conditions: flood, salt, and drought. After 1 week of treatments, anthers containing pollen were collected followed by RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis. To evaluate relative expression, qRT-PCR was performed using specific primers for β-expansin and reference genes. Physiological characteristics of treated and untreated maize and rice: plant height; fresh weight of anthers; number of inflorescences, anthers, and pollen grains were also recorded. To assess IgE-binding ability of proteins in rice pollen extracts, soluble crude proteins were extracted and IgE immunoblot and ELISA were performed using serum samples from grass-allergic subjects and healthy control donors. Results showed that plant height, fresh weight of anthers, number of inflorescences, anthers, and pollen grains of both maize and rice decreased significantly under drought stress conditions, but not in other conditions. Expression of β-expansin in pollen of rice showed an apparent increase in all stress treatments relative to control samples. In contrast, a significant decrease of β-expansin expression was detected in maize pollen under all stress-treated conditions. IgE-reactive protein bands from rice pollen extract proteins were ~30 kDa, as expected of the grass-group 1 protein. The intensity of IgE-reactive protein bands and the level of IgE to rice pollen proteins showed significant differences among stress conditions. In conclusion, environmental stresses—flood, salt, and drought, can elicit a change of β-expansin expression and IgE reactivity to grass group-1 pollen allergens. Changes in expression level of this gene likely reflected its importance during stress. However, the response is highly dependent on different schemes employed by each plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yotin Juprasong
- Graduate Program in Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wisuwat Songnuan
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Wisuwat Songnuan
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Halotolerant Rhizobacteria for Salinity-Stress Mitigation: Diversity, Mechanisms and Molecular Approaches. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14010490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is the best foundation for human livelihoods, and, in this respect, crop production has been forced to adopt sustainable farming practices. However, soil salinity severely affects crop growth, the degradation of soil quality, and fertility in many countries of the world. This results in the loss of profitability, the growth of agricultural yields, and the step-by-step decline of the soil nutrient content. Thus, researchers have focused on searching for halotolerant and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) to increase soil fertility and productivity. The beneficial bacteria are frequently connected with the plant rhizosphere and can alleviate plant growth under salinity stress through direct or indirect mechanisms. In this context, PGPB have attained a unique position. The responses include an increased rate of photosynthesis, high production of antioxidants, osmolyte accumulation, decreased Na+ ions, maintenance of the water balance, a high germination rate, and well-developed root and shoot elongation under salt-stress conditions. Therefore, the use of PGPB as bioformulations under salinity stress has been an emerging research avenue for the last few years, and applications of biopesticides and biofertilizers are being considered as alternative tools for sustainable agriculture, as they are ecofriendly and minimize all kinds of stresses. Halotolerant PGPB possess greater potential for use in salinity-affected soil as sustainable bioinoculants and for the bioremediation of salt-affected soil.
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Gupta K, Srivastava S, Saxena G, Kumar A. Application of Pteris vittata L. for phytoremediation of arsenic and biomonitoring of the process through cyto-genetic biomarkers of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:91-106. [PMID: 35221574 PMCID: PMC8847651 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The arsenic (As) contamination demands its remediation from the environment which is naturally possible by the application of Pteris vittata L. However, biomonitoring of phytoremediation potential of P. vittata at chromosomal and DNA level is still meager. The present study was designed to biomonitor the phytoremediation efficiency of P. vittata through phytotoxic and cyto-genotoxic biomarkers assessment using Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Fenugreek; Methi) as test system. Study revealed hyperaccumulation potential of P. vittata which extracted arsenic in its tissues. Biomonitoring evaluation depicted that phytotoxic damage was reduced in Trigonella exposed to remediated soil, which was revealed through reduced electrolyte leakage, hydrogen peroxide and MDA content. Moreover, cyto-genetic endpoints like mitotic depression (44.03%), relative abnormality rate (16.6%) and chromosomal abnormality frequency (1.06%) were also lesser in test plants grown in remediated soil compared to those grown in non-remediated soil. Along with this various chromosomal aberrations like stickiness, breaks, laggards, bridges, fragmentations and micronuclei were also augmented in test plants exposed to non-remediated arsenic enriched soil. It was evident that arsenic enriched soil caused toxicity to plants in dose-dependent manner that was assessable through the analysis of biochemical parameters and cyto-genetic biomarkers. The cyto-genetic biomarkers are very efficient, simple and non-expensive tools to biomonitor arsenic toxicity at chromosomal as well as DNA level to assess the remediation potential of P. vittata in field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Gupta
- Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow, 226007 India
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Gauri Saxena
- Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow, 226007 India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow, 226007 India
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Weng X, Li H, Ren C, Zhou Y, Zhu W, Zhang S, Liu L. Calcium Regulates Growth and Nutrient Absorption in Poplar Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:887098. [PMID: 35620692 PMCID: PMC9127976 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.887098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
As a crucial element for plants, calcium (Ca) is involved in photosynthesis and nutrient absorption, and affects the growth of plants. Poplar is an important economic forest and shelter forest species in China. However, the optimum calcium concentration for its growth is still unclear. Herein, we investigated the growth, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic parameters and products, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, water use efficiency (iWUE), and antioxidant enzyme activity of "Liao Hu NO.1" poplar (P. simonii × P. euphratica) seedlings at 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mmol·L-1 concentrations of Ca2+, and further studied the absorption, distribution, and utilization of nutrient elements (C, N, P, K, and Ca) in plants. We found that with increasing calcium gradient, plant height and diameter; root, stem, leaf, and total biomasses; net photosynthetic rate (Pn); stomatal conductance (Gs); intercellular carbon dioxide (Ci) level; transpiration rate (Tr); Fv/Fm ratio; Fv/F0 ratio; chlorophyll-a; chlorophyll-b; soluble sugar and starch content; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) levels; and long-term water use efficiency (iWUE) of poplar seedlings first increased and then decreased. These parameters attained maximum values when the calcium concentration was 5 mmol·L-1, which was significantly different from the other treatments (P < 0.05). Moreover, a suitable Ca2+ level promoted the absorption of C, N, P, K, and Ca by various organs of poplar seedlings. The absorption of C, N, P, and K increased first and then decreased with the increased calcium concentration, but the optimum calcium concentrations for the absorption of different elements by different organs were different, and the calcium concentration in leaves, stems, and roots increased gradually. Furthermore, the increase in exogenous calcium content led to a decreasing trend in the C/N ratio in different organs of poplar seedlings. C/P and N/P ratios showed different results in different parts, and only the N/P ratio in leaves showed a significant positive correlation with Ca2+ concentration. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that 5 mmol·L-1 concentration of Ca2+ is the optimal level, as it increased growth by enhancing photosynthesis, stress resistance, and nutrient absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Weng
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Li
| | - Chengshuai Ren
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongbin Zhou
- Institute of Modern Agricultural Research, Dalian University, Dalian, China
- Yongbin Zhou
| | - Wenxu Zhu
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Songzhu Zhang
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liying Liu
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Berrío RT, Nelissen H, Inzé D, Dubois M. Increasing yield on dry fields: molecular pathways with growing potential. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:323-341. [PMID: 34695266 PMCID: PMC7612350 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress constitutes one of the major constraints to agriculture all over the world, and its devastating effect is only expected to increase in the following years due to climate change. Concurrently, the increasing food demand in a steadily growing population requires a proportional increase in yield and crop production. In the past, research aimed to increase plant resilience to severe drought stress. However, this often resulted in stunted growth and reduced yield under favorable conditions or moderate drought. Nowadays, drought tolerance research aims to maintain plant growth and yield under drought conditions. Overall, recently deployed strategies to engineer drought tolerance in the lab can be classified into a 'growth-centered' strategy, which focuses on keeping growth unaffected by the drought stress, and a 'drought resilience without growth penalty' strategy, in which the main aim is still to boost drought resilience, while limiting the side effects on plant growth. In this review, we put the scope on these two strategies and some molecular players that were successfully engineered to generate drought-tolerant plants: abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, ROS scavenging genes, strigolactones, and aquaporins. We discuss how these pathways participate in growth and stress response regulation under drought. Finally, we present an overview of the current insights and future perspectives in the development of new strategies to improve drought tolerance in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Tenorio Berrío
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Corresponding Author: Dirk Inzé VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology Technologiepark 71 B-9052 Ghent (Belgium) Tel.: +32 9 3313800; Fax: +32 9 3313809;
| | - Marieke Dubois
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
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El-Taher AM, Abd El-Raouf HS, Osman NA, Azoz SN, Omar MA, Elkelish A, Abd El-Hady MAM. Effect of Salt Stress and Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid on Morphological, Biochemical, Anatomical, and Productivity Characteristics of Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L.) Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:plants11010115. [PMID: 35009118 PMCID: PMC8747403 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the impact of salinity on vegetative growth, chemical constituents, and yields of cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) and the possible benefits of salicylic acid (SA) on these plants after damage from salinity. To achieve these objectives, two pot experiments were carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Egypt, during the two growing seasons of 2019 and 2020. The results revealed that salinity significantly decreased, and SA treatment substantially increased the plant height, number of compound leaves, number of internodes per plant, fresh weights of leaves and stems, productivity, photosynthetic pigments content, and concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) of the cowpea plants compared with the control. The anatomical structure of stems and leaves of the plants were also investigated, and it was found that positive variations in the anatomical structure of the median portion of the main stems and blades of mature foliage leaves were detected in the stressed and SA-treated plants. In conclusion, SA treatment increased the salt stress tolerance of cowpea plants by improving the morphological and physiological attributes of the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. El-Taher
- Department of Agriculture Botany, Agriculture Faculty, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (A.M.E.-T.); (H.S.A.E.-R.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Hany S. Abd El-Raouf
- Department of Agriculture Botany, Agriculture Faculty, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (A.M.E.-T.); (H.S.A.E.-R.); (M.A.O.)
- Department of Biology, University College, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahid A. Osman
- Department of Science and Technology, Ranya Collage, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samah N. Azoz
- Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Magdy A. Omar
- Department of Agriculture Botany, Agriculture Faculty, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (A.M.E.-T.); (H.S.A.E.-R.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud A. M. Abd El-Hady
- Vegetables and Floriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt;
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Bello AS, Ben-Hamadou R, Hamdi H, Saadaoui I, Ahmed T. Application of Cyanobacteria ( Roholtiella sp.) Liquid Extract for the Alleviation of Salt Stress in Bell Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) Plants Grown in a Soilless System. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:plants11010104. [PMID: 35009109 PMCID: PMC8747557 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the abiotic stresses that affect crop growth and productivity in arid and semi-arid regions. Unfortunately, there are few known methods to mitigate the deleterious impacts of salt stress on the development and yield of vegetable crops. Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) are endowed with the potential to curb the negative impacts of salt stress as they are characterized by biostimulant properties. The present work aimed to investigate the effects of Roholtiella sp. as a foliar extract on the growth characteristics, physiological and biochemical responses of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants under varying levels of salinity conditions. A soilless water experiment was carried out in a greenhouse where bell pepper seedlings were grown under five salt concentrations (0, 50, 200, 150, and 200 mM of NaCl). Growth characteristics, pigments content, relative water content, and antioxidant activity (CAT) were determined. Our results showed that growth parameters, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll a & b concentrations under salinity conditions were negatively affected at the highest concentration (200 mM). Interestingly, the application of Roholtiella sp. foliar extract enhanced the plant growth characteristics as shoot length increased by 17.014%, fresh weight by 39.15%, dry and weight by 31.02%, at various salt treatments. Moreover, chlorophyll a and b increased significantly compared with seedlings sprayed with water. Similarly, RWC exhibited a significant increase (92.05%) compared with plants sprayed with water. In addition, antioxidants activities and accumulation of proline were improved in Roholtella sp. extract foliar sprayed seedlings compared to the plants foliar sprayed with water. Conclusively, at the expiration of our study, the Rohotiella sp. extract-treated plants were found to be more efficient in mitigating the deleterious effects caused by the salinity conditions which is an indication of an enhancement potential of tolerating salt-stressed plants when compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Suraj Bello
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (A.S.B.); (R.B.-H.)
| | - Radhouane Ben-Hamadou
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (A.S.B.); (R.B.-H.)
| | - Helmi Hamdi
- Center for Sustainable Development, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (H.H.); (I.S.)
| | - Imen Saadaoui
- Center for Sustainable Development, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (H.H.); (I.S.)
| | - Talaat Ahmed
- Environmental Science Centre, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-44034563
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Foliar Application of Potassium Mitigates Salinity Stress Conditions in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) through Reducing NaCl Toxicity and Enhancing the Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7120566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Agronomic biofortification is the purposeful utilization of mineral fertilizers to increase the concentration of desired minerals in edible plant parts for enhancing their dietary intake. It is becoming crucial to enhance the dietary intake of K for addressing hidden hunger and related health issues such as cardiac diseases and hypertension. This study was designed to enhance the potassium concentration in edible parts of spinach through its foliar application under saline environment. The salinity levels of electrical conductivity (EC) = 4, 6, and 8 dS m−1 were applied using sodium chloride (NaCl) along with control. The levels of K for foliar sprays were 5 and 10 mM, along with control. The present experiment was performed under two factorial arrangements in a completely randomized design (CRD). After 60 days of sowing, the crop was harvested. Data regarding growth, ionic, physiological, and biochemical parameters, i.e., shoot dry weight, relative water content, electrolyte leakage, total chlorophyll content, tissue sodium (Na) and K concentration, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were recorded and those were found to be significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affected by foliar application of K on spinach under saline conditions. The highest growth, physiological and biochemical responses of spinach were observed in response to foliar-applied K at 10 mM. It is concluded that agronomic bio-fortification by foliar use of K can be a useful strategy to increase tissue K intakes and minimize Na toxicity in the vegetables studied under saline conditions.
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Naamala J, Smith DL. Microbial Derived Compounds Are a Promising Approach to Mitigating Salinity Stress in Agricultural Crops. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:765320. [PMID: 34867895 PMCID: PMC8640360 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.765320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of microbial derived compounds is a technological approach currently gaining popularity among researchers, with hopes of complementing, supplementing and addressing key issues associated with use of microbial cells for enhancing plant growth. The new technology is a promising approach to mitigating effects of salinity stress in agricultural crops, given that these compounds could be less prone to effects of salt stress, are required in small quantities and are easier to store and handle than microbial cells. Microorganism derived compounds such as thuricin17, lipochitooligosaccharides, phytohormones and volatile organic compounds have been reported to mitigate the effects of salt stress in agricultural crops such as soybean and wheat. This mini-review compiles current knowledge regarding the use of microbe derived compounds in mitigating salinity stress in crops, the mechanisms they employ as well as future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Naamala
- Smith Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Donald L Smith
- Smith Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Mitigation of Drought Damages by Exogenous Chitosan and Yeast Extract with Modulating the Photosynthetic Pigments, Antioxidant Defense System and Improving the Productivity of Garlic Plants. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7110510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Garlic is an important vegetable in terms of its economic value and also as a medicinal plant. In this study, chitosan (300 mM) and yeast extract (8 g/L) were used individually or in combination to improve the yields of garlic plants under drought conditions (i.e., 75% and 50% of the water they would normally receive from irrigation) for two seasons. Significant decreases in numbers of leaves per plant and plant height, plant dry weight, relative water content, and chlorophyll a and b concentrations were found in stressed garlic plants in both seasons. The greatest reductions in these characters were recorded in plants that received only 50% of the normal irrigation in both seasons. Levels of hydrogen peroxide, products of lipid peroxidation such as malondialdehyde, and superoxide, as well as percentages of electrolyte leakage, were elevated considerably and were signals of oxidative damage. The application of the yeast extract (8 g/L) or chitosan (300 mM) individually or in combination led to a remarkable increase in the most studied characters of the stressed garlic plants. The combination of yeast extract (8 g/L) plus chitosan (300 mM) led to increase plant height (44%), ascorbic acid levels (30.2%), and relative water content (36.8%), as well as the chlorophyll a (50.7%) and b concentrations (79%), regulated the proline content and levels of antioxidant enzymes in stressed garlic plants that received 75% of the normal irrigation, and this decreased the signs of oxidative stress (i.e., percentage of electrolyte leakage and levels of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide).
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Riaz S, Hussain I, Ibrahim M, Rasheed R, Ashraf MA. Choline Chloride Mediates Salinity Tolerance in Cluster Bean ( Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) by Improving Growth, Oxidative Defense, and Secondary Metabolism. Dose Response 2021; 19:15593258211055026. [PMID: 34819814 PMCID: PMC8606941 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211055026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Choline chloride (CC) application enhanced the tolerance of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) against salinity stress. The aim of the study was to determine the protective role of CC on plant growth, photosynthesis, and biochemical indicators of oxidative stress. The seeds of BR-99 (tolerant) and BR-2017 (sensitive) were surface sterilized and sown in plastic pots containing river sandy soil. The design of the experiments was completely randomized with 4 replicates per treatment. Three weeks after germination, salinity (150 mM) was imposed. Then plants were sprayed with different concentrations of CC (3, 5, and 10 mM), while normal plants were sprayed with distilled water. Salinity decreased growth attributes, relative water contents, photosynthetic attributes, total soluble proteins, total free amino acids, phenolic, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, proline, and glycine betaine and increased the levels of oxidative stress indicators. However, the application of CC (particularly 5 mM) improved growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments, and activities of antioxidant compounds by reducing the levels of H2O2, malondialdehyde in salt-stressed plants in both cluster bean varieties. BR-99 variety showed more tolerance to salinity stress than that of BR-2017 in the form of greater oxidative defense and osmotic adjustment and clear from greater plant dry masses. Thus, our results showed that the application of CC (5 mM) is an efficient strategy for field use in the areas, where salt stress soils limit agriculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Riaz
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad-Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad-Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad-Pakistan
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Mohamed MHM, Sami R, Al-Mushhin AAM, Ali MME, El-Desouky HS, Ismail KA, Khalil R, Zewail RMY. Impacts of Effective Microorganisms, Compost Tea, Fulvic Acid, Yeast Extract, and Foliar Spray with Seaweed Extract on Sweet Pepper Plants under Greenhouse Conditions. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091927. [PMID: 34579458 PMCID: PMC8466301 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sweet pepperincludes several vitamins and is regarded as a great source of bioactive nutrients, such as carotenoids and phenolic compounds, for human growth and activities. This work aimed to investigate the effects of the soil addition of growth stimulants, namely, effective microorganisms (EM), compost tea, fulvic acid, and yeast extract, and foliar applications of seaweed extract, on the vegetative growth, enzyme activity, phytohormones content, chemical constituents of plant foliage, fruit yield, and fruit quality of sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Zidenka) growing under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the tallest plant, largest leaf area/plant, and heaviest plant fresh and dry weights were recorded after combining a soil addition of yeast extract and foliar spray with seaweed extracts at 3 g/L in two growing seasons. The highest number of fruit/plant, fruit yield/m2, fruit values of vitamin C (VC), total sugars, total soluble solids (TSS), and carotenoids, along with the highest leaf of cytokines, P, K, Fe, and total carbohydrates values, were obtained using a soil addition of fulvic acid and spray with seaweed extract at 3 g/L in the two seasons of study. These treatments also provided the lowest abscisic acid, peroxidase, and super oxidase dismutase values in the same conditions. Sweet pepper plants supplemented with compost tea and seaweed extract foliar spray at 3 g/L were the most promising for inducing the highest values of fruit fresh and dry weights, fruit length and diameter, and the leavesrichest in N, Zn, and Mn; inversely, it induced the lowest catalase levels in both seasons. The applications of EM, yeast extract, and seaweed extract could be applied for high growth, mineral levels, enzymatic activity, fruit yield, and nutritional value of sweet pepper fruit and minimizing environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa H. M. Mohamed
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
| | - Rokayya Sami
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maha Mohamed Elsayed Ali
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
| | - Heba S. El-Desouky
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt; (H.S.E.-D.); (R.M.Y.Z.)
| | - Khadiga Ahmed Ismail
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Radwan Khalil
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Reda M. Y. Zewail
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt; (H.S.E.-D.); (R.M.Y.Z.)
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El Nahhas N, AlKahtani MDF, Abdelaal KAA, Al Husnain L, AlGwaiz HIM, Hafez YM, Attia KA, El-Esawi MA, Ibrahim MFM, Elkelish A. Biochar and jasmonic acid application attenuates antioxidative systems and improves growth, physiology, nutrient uptake and productivity of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) irrigated with saline water. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:807-817. [PMID: 34225005 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The effect of foliar treatment with jasmonic acid at 0.5 mM (JA) and biochar (15 ton ha-1) as a soil amendment for the faba bean (Vicia faba L. Sakha 4) was studied under salinity conditions. Salt stress led to a significant decrease in leaf numbers, leaf areas and plants, chlorophyll content, relative water content, and yield parameters. In contrast, reactive oxygen species, the proline concentration, level of malondialdehyde, and amount of electrolyte leakage were noticeably increased during both seasons under salt levels of 1500 and 3000 ppm sodium chloride (NaCl). Also, enzyme activities (i.e., of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) were increased, especially under a high level of salinity stress (3000 ppm). Application of biochar, jasmonic acid, or biochar + jasmonic acid significantly reduced the catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione reductase activities in salt-stressed plants to values approaching those of the control (unstressed) plants, especially under 1500 ppm of NaCl stress. Biochar and jasmonic acid treatments mitigated the damaging effects of salinity and improved the plant status as indicated by the plant height, leaf area, relative water content, and chlorophyll a and b concentrations. Moreover, biochar and jasmonic acid treatments of the salt-stressed plants enhanced plant productivity, number of flowers, number of seeds per plant, and weight of 100 seeds during two successive seasons. Overall, this study suggests that biochar or jasmonic acid treatments might be promising for mitigating the detrimental impact of salt stress on faba beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal El Nahhas
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Muneera D F AlKahtani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 102275, Riyadh, 11675, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khaled A A Abdelaal
- EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab., Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh Univ., 33516, Egypt.
| | - Latifa Al Husnain
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 102275, Riyadh, 11675, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hussah I M AlGwaiz
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 102275, Riyadh, 11675, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaser M Hafez
- EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab., Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh Univ., 33516, Egypt.
| | - Kotb A Attia
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, POX 2455-11451, Saudi Arabia; Rice Biotechnology Lab, Rice Research & Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed F M Ibrahim
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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Siddiqui MH, Khan MN, Mukherjee S, Basahi RA, Alamri S, Al-Amri AA, Alsubaie QD, Ali HM, Al-Munqedhi BMA, Almohisen IAA. Exogenous melatonin-mediated regulation of K + /Na + transport, H + -ATPase activity and enzymatic antioxidative defence operate through endogenous hydrogen sulphide signalling in NaCl-stressed tomato seedling roots. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:797-805. [PMID: 34263973 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (Mel) and hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) have emerged as potential regulators of plant metabolism during abiotic stress. Presence of excess NaCl in the soil is one of the main causes of reduced crop productivity worldwide. The present investigation examines the role of exogenous Mel and endogenous H2 S in tomato seedlings grown under NaCl stress. Effect of 30 µm Mel on endogenous synthesis of H2 S was examined in roots of NaCl-stressed (200 mm) tomato seedlings. Also, the impact of treatments on the oxidative stress markers, transport of K+ and Na+ , and activity of H+ -ATPase and antioxidant enzymes was assessed. Results show that NaCl-stressed seedlings supplemented with 30 µm Mel had increased levels of endogenous H2 S through enhanced L-cysteine desulfhydrase activity. Mel in association with H2 S overcame the deleterious effect of NaCl and induced retention of K+ that maintained a higher K+ /Na+ ratio. Use of plasma membrane inhibitors and an H2 S scavenger revealed that Mel-induced regulation of K+ /Na+ homeostasis in NaCl-stressed seedling roots operates through endogenous H2 S signalling. Synergistic effects of Mel and H2 S also reduced the generation of ROS and oxidative destruction through the enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes. Thus, it is suggested that the protective function of Mel against NaCl stress operates through an endogenous H2 S-dependent pathway, wherein H+ -ATPase-energized secondary active transport regulates K+ /Na+ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M N Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - R A Basahi
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Al-Amri
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Q D Alsubaie
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - H M Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - B M A Al-Munqedhi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - I A A Almohisen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
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Abdelaal K, AlKahtani M, Attia K, Hafez Y, Király L, Künstler A. The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria in Alleviating the Adverse Effects of Drought on Plants. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:520. [PMID: 34207963 PMCID: PMC8230635 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacteria play an essential role in enhancing the physical, chemical and biological characters of soils by facilitating nutrient uptake and water flow, especially under abiotic stress conditions, which are major constrains to agricultural development and production. Drought is one of the most harmful abiotic stress and perhaps the most severe problem facing agricultural sustainability, leading to a severe shortage in crop productivity. Drought affects plant growth by causing hormonal and membrane stability perturbations, nutrient imbalance and physiological disorders. Furthermore, drought causes a remarkable decrease in leaf numbers, relative water content, sugar yield, root yield, chlorophyll a and b and ascorbic acid concentrations. However, the concentrations of total phenolic compounds, electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, amounts of proline, and reactive oxygen species are considerably increased because of drought stress. This negative impact of drought can be eliminated by using plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Under drought conditions, application of PGPB can improve plant growth by adjusting hormonal balance, maintaining nutrient status and producing plant growth regulators. This role of PGPB positively affects physiological and biochemical characteristics, resulting in increased leaf numbers, sugar yield, relative water content, amounts of photosynthetic pigments and ascorbic acid. Conversely, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage and amounts of proline, total phenolic compounds and reactive oxygen species are decreased under drought in the presence of PGPB. The current review gives an overview on the impact of drought on plants and the pivotal role of PGPB in mitigating the negative effects of drought by enhancing antioxidant defense systems and increasing plant growth and yield to improve sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Abdelaal
- Excellence Center (EPCRS), Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Muneera AlKahtani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kotb Attia
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yaser Hafez
- Excellence Center (EPCRS), Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Lóránt Király
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, ELKH, 15 Herman Ottó Str., H-1022 Budapest, Hungary; (L.K.); (A.K.)
| | - András Künstler
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, ELKH, 15 Herman Ottó Str., H-1022 Budapest, Hungary; (L.K.); (A.K.)
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ALKahtani M, Hafez Y, Attia K, Al-Ateeq T, Ali MAM, Hasanuzzaman M, Abdelaal K. Bacillus thuringiensis and Silicon Modulate Antioxidant Metabolism and Improve the Physiological Traits to Confer Salt Tolerance in Lettuce. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10051025. [PMID: 34065369 PMCID: PMC8160669 DOI: 10.3390/plants10051025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the impact of Bacillus thuringiensis as seed treatment and application with silicon on lettuce plants exposed to salinity levels (4 dS m−1 and 8 dS m−1). Results revealed that leaves number, head weight, total yield, relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll a and b declined considerably due to two salinity levels. Oxidative stress markers, i.e., hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2−), and lipid peroxidation (MDA) dramatically augmented in stressed plants. On the other hand, leaves number, total yield, RWC, and chlorophyll a, b in stressed lettuce plants were considerably enhanced because of the application of Si or B. thuringiensis. In contrast, EL%, MDA, and H2O2 were considerably reduced in treated lettuce plants with Si and B. thuringiensis. In addition, the treatment with Si and B. thuringiensis increased head weight (g) and total yield (ton hectare-1), and caused up-regulation of proline and catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activity in lettuce leaves under salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneera ALKahtani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh POX 102275-11675, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (K.A.)
| | - Yaser Hafez
- Excellence Center (EPCRS), Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Kotb Attia
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh POX 2455-11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (T.A.-A.)
- Rice Biotechnology Lab, Rice Department, Field Crops Research Institute, ARC, Sakha 33717, Egypt
| | - Talal Al-Ateeq
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh POX 2455-11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (T.A.-A.)
| | - Mohamed A. M. Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley University, El-Kharga 72511, Egypt;
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
| | - Khaled Abdelaal
- Excellence Center (EPCRS), Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (K.A.)
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Akbar A, Ashraf MA, Rasheed R, Ali S, Rizwan M. Menadione sodium bisulphite regulates physiological and biochemical responses to lessen salinity effects on wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:1135-1152. [PMID: 34092954 PMCID: PMC8140022 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a significant constraint for plant survival and productivity. Therefore, an immediate solution to this problem is sought to meet the human population's food demands. Recently, Menadione sodium bisulphite (MSB) has emerged as a significant regulator of plant defense response under abiotic stress. Studies on MSB are scarce, and a few reports on salinity (Arabidopsis and okra) and cadmium stress (okra) are present in the literature. However, these studies did not include the impact of MSB on physiological and plant water relation attributes, critical mediators of plant survival, and yield production under stress. Our results studied the impact of MSB on wheat administered to NaCl salinity in hydroponics medium. We used two wheat cultivars (salt-sensitive MH-97 and salt-tolerant Millat-2011, based on our pre-experimental studies). Seeds were primed in different MSB doses [control (unprimed), hydroprimed, 5, 10, 20, and 30 mM]. Salinity significantly diminished growth, chlorophyll molecules, photosynthesis, total free amino acids, water and turgor potentials, K, Ca, and P contents of wheat when administered NaCl salinity in the nutrient solution. Besides, a noteworthy accretion was present in oxidative stress markers [hydrogen peroxide & malondialdehyde], proline, ascorbic acid, antioxidant enzyme activities, and Na+ accumulation under salinity. Moreover, MSB noticeably enhanced chlorophyll molecules, proline, and oxidative defense to improve photosynthesis, plant water relations, and diminish specific ions toxicity. Our results manifested better defense regulation in salt-administered plants primed with 5 and 10 mM MSB. Our findings strongly advocated the use of MSB in improving plant salinity tolerance, particularly in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, New Campus, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, New Campus, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, New Campus, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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48
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Parvin K, Hasanuzzaman M, Mohsin SM, Nahar K, Fujita M. Coumarin improves tomato plant tolerance to salinity by enhancing antioxidant defence, glyoxalase system and ion homeostasis. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23 Suppl 1:181-192. [PMID: 33135242 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a severe threat to crop growth, development and even to world food sustainability. Plant possess natural antioxidant defense tactics to mitigate salinity-induced oxidative stress. Phenolic compounds are non-enzymatic antioxidants with specific roles in protecting plant cells against stress-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Coumarin (COU) is one of these compounds, however, to date, little is known about antioxidative roles of exogenous COU in enhancing plant tolerance mechanisms under salt stress. The involvement of COU in increasing tomato salt tolerance was examined in the present study using COU as a pre-treatment at 20 or 30 µM for 2 days against salt stress (100 or 160 NaCl; 5 days). The COU-mediated stimulation of plant antioxidant defence and glyoxalase systems to suppress salt-induced ROS and methylglyoxal (MG) toxicity, respectively, were the main hypotheses examined in the present study. Addition of COU suppressed salt-induced excess accumulation of ROS and MG, and significantly reduced membrane damage, lipid peroxidation and Na+ toxicity. These results demonstrate COU-improved plant growth, biomass content, photosynthetic pigment content, water retention and mineral homeostasis upon imposition of salinity. Finally, this present study suggests that COU has potential roles as a phytoprotectant in stimulating plant antioxidative mechanisms and improving glyoxalase enzyme activity under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Parvin
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S M Mohsin
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - K Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan
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Alzahib RH, Migdadi HM, Al Ghamdi AA, Alwahibi MS, Ibrahim AA, Al-Selwey WA. Assessment of Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Antioxidant Responses of Tomato Landraces to Salinity Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10040696. [PMID: 33916328 PMCID: PMC8065849 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Understanding salt tolerance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) landraces will facilitate their use in genetic improvement. The study assessed the morpho-physiological variability of Hail tomato landraces in response to different salinity levels at seedling stages and recommended a tomato salt-tolerant landrace for future breeding programs. Three tomato landraces, Hail 548, Hail 747, and Hail 1072 were tested under three salinity levels: 75, 150, and 300 mM NaCl. Salinity stress reduced shoots' fresh and dry weight by 71% and 72%, and roots were 86.5% and 78.6%, respectively. There was 22% reduced chlorophyll content, carotene content by 18.6%, and anthocyanin by 41.1%. Proline content increased for stressed treatments. The 300 mM NaCl treatment recorded the most proline content increases (67.37 mg/g fresh weight), with a percent increase in proline reaching 61.67% in Hail 747. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased by 65% in Hail 548, while it relatively increased in Hail 747 and Hail 1072 treated with 300 mM NaCl. Catalase (CAT) activity was enhanced by salt stress in Hail 548 and recorded 7.6%, increasing at 75 and 5.1% at 300 mM NaCl. It revealed a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) at the 300 mM NaCl concentration in both Hail 548 and Hail 1072 landraces. Increasing salt concentrations showed a reduction in transpiration rate of 70.55%, 7.13% in stomatal conductance, and 72.34% in photosynthetic rate. K+/Na+ ratios decreased from 56% for 75 mM NaCl to 85% for 300 mM NaCl treatments in all genotypes. The response to salt stress in landraces involved some modifications in morphology, physiology, and metabolism. The landrace Hail 548 may have better protection against salt stress and observed protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing enzymatic "antioxidants" activity under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem H. Alzahib
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (A.A.A.G.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Hussein M. Migdadi
- College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.I.); (W.A.A.-S.)
| | - Abdullah A. Al Ghamdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (A.A.A.G.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (A.A.A.G.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Abdullah A. Ibrahim
- College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.I.); (W.A.A.-S.)
| | - Wadei A. Al-Selwey
- College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.I.); (W.A.A.-S.)
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50
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AlKahtani MDF, Hafez YM, Attia K, Rashwan E, Husnain LA, AlGwaiz HIM, Abdelaal KAA. Evaluation of Silicon and Proline Application on the Oxidative Machinery in Drought-Stressed Sugar Beet. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030398. [PMID: 33800758 PMCID: PMC8000334 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought stress deleteriously affects growth, development and productivity in plants. So, we examined the silicon effect (2 mmol) and proline (10 mmol) individually or the combination (Si + proline) in alleviating the harmful effect of drought on total phenolic compounds, reactive oxygen species (ROS), chlorophyll concentration and antioxidant enzymes as well as yield parameters of drought-stressed sugar beet plants during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons. Our findings indicated that the root diameter and length (cm), root and shoot fresh weights (g plant−1) as well as root and sugar yield significantly decreased in sugar beet plants under drought. Relative water content (RWC), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents and chlorophyll (Chl) concentration considerably reduced in stressed sugar beet plants that compared with control in both seasons. Nonetheless, lipid peroxidation (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2●−) considerably elevated as signals of drought. Drought-stressed sugar beet plants showed an increase in proline accumulation, total phenolic compounds and up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity to mitigate drought effects. Si and proline individually or the combination Si + proline considerably increased root and sugar yield, sucrose%, Chl concentration and RWC, MDA and EL were remarkably reduced. The treatments led to adjust proline and total phenolic compounds as well as CAT and SOD activity in stressed sugar beet plants. We concluded that application of Si + proline under drought stress led to improve the resistance of sugar beet by regulating of proline, antioxidant enzymes, phenolic compounds and improving RWC, Chl concentration and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (NPK) contents as well as yield parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneera D. F. AlKahtani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 102275-11675, Saudi Arabia; (M.D.F.A.); (L.A.H.); (H.I.M.A.)
| | - Yaser M. Hafez
- Excellence Center (EPCRS), Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Kotb Attia
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 2455-11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Rice Research & Training Center, Rice Biotechnology Lab, Field Crops Research Institute, Sakha, Kafr EL-Sheikh 33717, Egypt
| | - Emadeldeen Rashwan
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Latifa Al Husnain
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 102275-11675, Saudi Arabia; (M.D.F.A.); (L.A.H.); (H.I.M.A.)
| | - Hussah I. M. AlGwaiz
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 102275-11675, Saudi Arabia; (M.D.F.A.); (L.A.H.); (H.I.M.A.)
| | - Khaled A. A. Abdelaal
- Excellence Center (EPCRS), Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33516, Egypt;
- Correspondence:
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