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Geraseev LC, Santos SS, Chaves AS, de Carvalho PPX, da Motta SAB, Machado FS, Duarte ER, Passetti RAC. Energy metabolism and respirometry of lambs fed sun or shade dried hays of banana crop residues. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:139. [PMID: 38656618 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03984-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effects of different drying methods for banana residues on the energy metabolism and respirometry of growing lambs. Twenty Santa Inês x Dorper lambs were fed five experimental diets: Tifton 85 grass hay (Control), shade-dried banana leaf hay (LH Shade), shade-dried pseudostem banana hay (PH Shade), sun-dried banana leaf hay (LH Sun), and sun-dried banana pseudostem hay (PH Sun). Nutrient intake and digestibility were assessed in metabolic cages, whereas O2 consumption and CO2, methane, and heat production were measured in a respirometry chamber with animals fed at maintenance and ad libitum levels. Nutrient and energy intake was not influenced by diet. Pseudostem hay had higher apparent digestibility of dry matter (71.5%), organic matter (72.4%), and neutral detergent fiber (58.0%). However, this led to greater energy loss in the form of methane (12.1%). The banana residue hays and drying methods did not alter oxygen consumption, CO2 production, or heat production of animals fed ad libitum or during maintenance. On the other hand, the use of leaf hay resulted in a reduction of 24.7% in enteric methane production of animals fed ad libitum. The inclusion of pseudostem hay is recommended in sheep feedlot diet. This residue provided greater use of DM, however promoted a greater loss of energy in the form of methane, resulting in similar energy consumption. The drying methods did not reduce the availability of nutrients and the sun drying method is recommended, since it is a faster drying method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Castro Geraseev
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil.
| | - Sarah Silva Santos
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil
| | - Amália Saturnino Chaves
- Veterinary Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo Xavier de Carvalho
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil
| | - Sthephane Alverina Briguente da Motta
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Robson Duarte
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Augusto Cortêz Passetti
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Brazil
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Yanza YR, Irawan A, Jayanegara A, Ramadhani F, Respati AN, Fitri A, Hidayat C, Niderkorn V, Cieslak A, Szumacher-Strabel M, Hidayat R, Tanuwiria UH. Saponin Extracts Utilization as Dietary Additive in Ruminant Nutrition: A Meta-Analysis of In Vivo Studies. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1231. [PMID: 38672383 PMCID: PMC11047613 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present meta-analysis aimed to determine the underlying effects of different saponins extracted from different sources on the production performance, milk yield, digestibility, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, and nitrogen utilization of ruminants. A total of 26 papers comprising 66 in vivo studies (148 data points of dietary treatments) were evaluated in the present study. The databases were statistically analyzed using the mixed model procedure of SAS, where experiments considered random effects and tannin-related factors were treated as fixed effects. Statistical procedures were then continued in comparing different sources of saponin extract through Mixed Model analysis, where experiments were also random factors and sources of saponin extract were fixed factors. The evidence revealed in the present meta-analysis that saponin supplementation of up to 40 g/kg DM appears to have no detrimental impact on feed intake across ruminant types, suggesting that it does not significantly affect diet palatability. However, the results indicated that there are species-specific responses to saponin supplementation, particularly in relation to palatability and nutrient absorption efficiency, with larger ruminants being better able to tolerate the bitterness induced by saponin extracts. Furthermore, the study found that saponin extracts can influence nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation dynamics, with different effects observed in large and small ruminants. While some saponin extracts can enhance average daily weight gain and milk yield, others can have adverse effects, highlighting the importance of considering both saponin sources and animal physiological condition when developing nutritional strategies. Additionally, optimization of ruminant production by utilizing saponin extracts is necessary to avoid negative health implications, such as increased blood creatinine levels. Different saponin extracts utilization in ruminant nutrition and environmental management, have a distinct understanding associated to their various bioactive properties. However, among the saponin sources, saponin extracted from Quilaja saponaria is more likely to improve large ruminant production performance while maintaining ruminant health and metabolism, but negatively affect small ruminants. Further research is needed to unravel the intricate effects of different saponin sources on ruminant health and productivity, emphasizing the importance of tailored dietary strategies that consider the unique physiological and metabolic characteristics of the target livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulianri Rizki Yanza
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia; (R.H.); (U.H.T.)
| | - Agung Irawan
- Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia;
| | - Fitri Ramadhani
- Department of Biology Education, Islamic University of Riau, Pekanbaru 28284, Riau, Indonesia;
| | - Adib Norma Respati
- Department of Animal Science, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Jember 68101, Jawa Timur, Indonesia;
| | - Ainissya Fitri
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia;
| | - Cecep Hidayat
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia;
| | - Vincent Niderkorn
- INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMRH, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France;
| | - Adam Cieslak
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60637 Poznan, Poland; (A.C.); (M.S.-S.)
| | - Malgorzata Szumacher-Strabel
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60637 Poznan, Poland; (A.C.); (M.S.-S.)
| | - Rahmat Hidayat
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia; (R.H.); (U.H.T.)
| | - Ujang Hidayat Tanuwiria
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia; (R.H.); (U.H.T.)
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Foggi G, Terranova M, Daghio M, Amelchanka SL, Conte G, Ineichen S, Agnolucci M, Viti C, Mantino A, Buccioni A, Kreuzer M, Mele M. Evaluation of ruminal methane and ammonia formation and microbiota composition as affected by supplements based on mixtures of tannins and essential oils using Rusitec. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:48. [PMID: 38561832 PMCID: PMC10986001 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary supplements based on tannin extracts or essential oil compounds (EOC) have been repeatedly reported as a promising feeding strategy to reduce the environmental impact of ruminant husbandry. A previous batch culture screening of various supplements identified selected mixtures with an enhanced potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia formation. Among these, Q-2 (named after quebracho extract and EOC blend 2, composed of carvacrol, thymol, and eugenol) and C-10 (chestnut extract and EOC blend 10, consisting of oregano and thyme essential oils and limonene) have been investigated in detail in the present study with the semi-continuous rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) in three independent runs. For this purpose, Q-2 and C-10, dosed according to the previous study, were compared with a non-supplemented diet (negative control, NC) and with one supplemented with the commercial EOC-based Agolin® Ruminant (positive control, PC). RESULTS From d 5 to 10 of fermentation incubation liquid was collected and analysed for pH, ammonia, protozoa count, and gas composition. Feed residues were collected for the determination of ruminal degradability. On d 10, samples of incubation liquid were also characterised for bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 26S ribosomal large subunit gene amplicons. Regardless of the duration of the fermentation period, Q-2 and C-10 were similarly efficient as PC in mitigating either ammonia (-37% by Q-2, -34% by PC) or methane formation (-12% by C-10, -12% by PC). The PC was also responsible for lower feed degradability and bacterial and fungal richness, whereas Q-2 and C-10 effects, particularly on microbiome diversities, were limited compared to NC. CONCLUSIONS All additives showed the potential to mitigate methane or ammonia formation, or both, in vitro over a period of 10 d. However, several differences occurred between PC and Q-2/C-10, indicating different mechanisms of action. The pronounced defaunation caused by PC and its suggested consequences apparently determined at least part of the mitigant effects. Although the depressive effect on NDF degradability caused by Q-2 and C-10 might partially explain their mitigation properties, their mechanisms of action remain mostly to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Foggi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Matteo Daghio
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, 50144, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Conte
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Di Ricerche Agro-Ambientali "E. Avanzi", University of Pisa, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Simon Ineichen
- School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences HAFL, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Switzerland
| | - Monica Agnolucci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Di Ricerche Agro-Ambientali "E. Avanzi", University of Pisa, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Carlo Viti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, 50144, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantino
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Di Ricerche Agro-Ambientali "E. Avanzi", University of Pisa, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Arianna Buccioni
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, 50144, Italy
| | - Michael Kreuzer
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Lindau, Switzerland
| | - Marcello Mele
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Di Ricerche Agro-Ambientali "E. Avanzi", University of Pisa, Pisa, 56122, Italy
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Li Y, Shi C, Deng J, Qiu X, Zhang S, Wang H, Qin X, He Y, Cao B, Su H. Effects of Grape Pomace on Growth Performance, Nitrogen Metabolism, Antioxidants, and Microbial Diversity in Angus Bulls. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:412. [PMID: 38671860 PMCID: PMC11047470 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenol-rich grape pomace (GP) represents a valuable processing by-product with considerable potential as sustainable livestock feed. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of GP on the growth performance and nitrogen utilization efficiency, antioxidant activity, and rumen and rectum microbiota of Angus bulls. Thirty Angus bulls were allocated three dietary treatments according to a completely randomized design: 0% (G0), 10% (G10), and 20% (G20) corn silage dry matter replaced with dried GP dry matter. The results showed that the average daily gain (ADG) of the G0 group and G10 group was higher than that of the G20 group (p < 0.05); urinary nitrogen levels decreased linearly with the addition of GP (linear, p < 0.05). In terms of antioxidants, the levels of catalase (CAT) in the G10 group were higher than in the G0 and G20 groups (p < 0.05), and the total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) was significantly higher than that in the G20 group (p < 0.05). In addition, in the analysis of a microbial network diagram, the G10 group had better microbial community complexity and stability. Overall, these findings offer valuable insights into the potential benefits of incorporating GP into the diet of ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Changxiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Jiajie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Xinjun Qiu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Huili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Xiaoli Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Yang He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Binghai Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Huawei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
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Barbosa CR, Pantoja JC, Fernandes T, Chagas RA, Souza CG, Santos ARD, Alves JP, Vargas Junior FM. Ruminal modulator additive effect of Stryphnodendron rotundifolium bark in feedlot lambs. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:53. [PMID: 38261014 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03903-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the inclusion effects of Stryphnodendron rotundifolium (barbatimão) extracts in substitution of the lasalocid sodium on the ingestive behaviour, intake, ruminal parameters, and digestibility of feedlot lambs. Twenty-four pantaneiro lambs were used, with an average age of 150 ± 4.59 days and an initial body weight of 21.2 ± 3.63 kg. The lambs were distributed in three treatments in an experimental design with randomized blocks. The treatments correspond to the additive supplements: LAS (0.019 g of lasalocid sodium/lamb/d); DGB (1.50 g of barbatimão dried ground bark/lamb/d); DHE (0.30 g of barbatimão dry hydroalcoholic extract/lamb/d). The DHE increased 59.74 min in the time spent for ingestion per day, resulting in an efficiency reduction of dry matter (DM) ingestion (127 g of DM/h of feed). There was a reduction of 1.8 mg/dL in the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration with extract supplementation compared to LAS. The DGB reduced total volatile fatty acids by 48.9% compared to the control treatment. The inclusion of barbatimão extracts (DGB and DHE) reduced 12.05% of ruminal butyrate content. The supplementation of barbatimão extracts replacing lasalocid sodium in the diet of feedlot lambs did not affect intake and caused small changes on ingestive behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane R Barbosa
- Agrarian Sciences Department, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Jéssica C Pantoja
- Agrarian Sciences Department, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Fernandes
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, 24061, USA
| | - Renata A Chagas
- Agrarian Sciences Department, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Carla G Souza
- Agrarian Sciences Department, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Aylpy R D Santos
- Agrarian Sciences Department, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Joyce P Alves
- Agrarian Sciences Department, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Vargas Junior
- Agrarian Sciences Department, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, 79804-970, Brazil.
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Gao C, Qi M, Zhou Y. Chestnut tannin extract modulates growth performance and fatty acid composition in finishing Tan lambs by regulating blood antioxidant capacity, rumen fermentation, and biohydrogenation. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:23. [PMID: 38200507 PMCID: PMC10782739 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tannins as plant extracts have emerged as promising and potential alternatives for antibiotics in modern livestock cultivation systems. This study investigates the effect of dietary chestnut tannin extract (CTE) in finishing Tan lambs. Twenty-seven male Tan lambs were randomly divided into three groups: (1) control group (CON; basal diet); (2) low-dose CTE group (LCTE; basal diet + 2 g/kg CTE, dry matter [DM] basis); (3) high-dose CTE group (HCTE; basal diet + 4 g/kg CTE, DM basis). The HCTE group exhibited markedly higher average daily gain (ADG) and DM intake than CON (P < 0.01). The ruminal total volatile fatty acid concentration increased linearly with increasing CTE supplementation (P < 0.01), while the opposite trend was observed for butyrate molar proportion (P < 0.01). Upon increasing CTE dosage, plasma glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase content increased linearly (P < 0.05), whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and urea nitrogen decreased linearly or quadratically (P < 0.05), respectively. A linear increase was also observed in ruminal t6 C18:1 and t9, c12 C18:2 proportions (P < 0.01), and plasma C18:2n-6 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids proportions with increased CTE supplementation (P < 0.01). In the longissimus dorsi muscle, the atherogenic index decreased linearly (P < 0.05), while c11 C18:1 and C20:5n-3 increased linearly (P < 0.05). Moreover, c9, t11 conjugated linoleic acids proportion increased in subcutaneous fat with CTE supplementation (P < 0.01). In conclusion, Dietary CTE enhances the ADG of finishing Tan lambs in a dose-dependent manner, modulates plasma metabolites and antioxidant capacity, and improves rumen fermentation and body fatty acid composition. These results provide a reference for the rational application of CTE in ruminant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changpeng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Mingjiang Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.
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Fidriyanto R, Juanssilfero AB, Sarwono KA, Ridwan R, Nahrowi N, Jayanegara A. Enhancing physicochemical, rheological properties, and in vitro rumen fermentation of starch with Melastoma candidum D. Don fruit extract. Anim Sci J 2024; 95:e13950. [PMID: 38712489 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of polyphenol-modified starch in ruminants has not undergone extensive exploration. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the complex formed between starch and Melastoma candidum D. Don fruit extract on physicochemical properties, phenol release kinetics in various buffers simulating the gastrointestinal tract, methane production, and post-rumen digestibility. The interaction between starch and M. candidum D. Don fruit extract significantly (p < 0.001) increased resistant starch and particle size diameter. The maximum phenolic release from complex between starch and M. candidum D. Don fruit extract, due to gastrointestinal tract-simulated buffers, ranged from 22.96 to 34.60 mg/100 mg tannic acid equivalent. However, rumen and abomasum-simulated buffers released more phenolic content, whereas the intestine-simulated buffer showed higher antioxidant activity (ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power). Furthermore, complex between starch and M. candidum D. Don fruit extract significantly decreased dry matter rumen digestibility (p < 0.001) and maximum methane gas production (p < 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rusli Fidriyanto
- Program Study of Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Graduate School of Institut Pertanian Bogor. Jl. Agatis, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ario Betha Juanssilfero
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ki Ageng Sarwono
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Roni Ridwan
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Nahrowi Nahrowi
- Centre for Tropical Animal Studies (CENTRAS), Institut Pertanian Bogor. Kampus IPB Baranangsiang, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
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da Silva Aguiar F, Bezerra LR, Cordão MA, Cavalcante ITR, de Oliveira JPF, do Nascimento RR, de Souza BB, Oliveira RL, Pereira ES, Filho JMP. Effects of Increasing Levels of Total Tannins on Intake, Digestibility, and Balance of Nitrogen, Water, and Energy in Hair Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2497. [PMID: 37570305 PMCID: PMC10416999 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effects of increasing tannin levels from Mimosa tenuiflora hay on the intake, digestibility, and balance of nitrogen (N), water, and energy in hair lambs. Thirty-two Santa Ines lambs, at an average age of 150 days and body weight of 26.75 ± 2.29 kg, were randomly assigned to four treatments in a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of four diets: a control diet, tannin-free, and three diets with increasing levels of total tannin, 26.2, 52.4, and 78.6 g tannin/kg dry matter (DM). Including the total tannins in the lambs' diet led to a quadratic increase in the intake of nutrients, N-retention (g/day), water intake, water absorption and retention, energy intake, and energy excretion in feces and gases. However, the digestibility of crude protein, neutral and acid detergent fibers, and total carbohydrates decreased. It was observed that there is a correlation between the variable nutrient digestibility and N-ingested and the N-absorbed, N-urinary, and N-retained. However, the N-excreted in feces did not correlate with any of the variables studied. It is recommended to include 33 g/kg DM of total natural tannins from Mimosa tenuiflora hay in the diet of hair lambs, as it improves intake, energy balance, dietary N, and body water composition while reducing the excretion of N-urinary and gas emissions to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício da Silva Aguiar
- Graduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos 58708110, PB, Brazil; (F.d.S.A.); (R.R.d.N.); (B.B.d.S.)
| | - Leilson Rocha Bezerra
- Graduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos 58708110, PB, Brazil; (F.d.S.A.); (R.R.d.N.); (B.B.d.S.)
| | - Maiza Araújo Cordão
- Animal Science Departament, Faculdades Nova Esperança-FACENE, João Pessoa 58067698, PB, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Romilda Rodrigues do Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos 58708110, PB, Brazil; (F.d.S.A.); (R.R.d.N.); (B.B.d.S.)
| | - Bonifácio Benício de Souza
- Graduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos 58708110, PB, Brazil; (F.d.S.A.); (R.R.d.N.); (B.B.d.S.)
| | - Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170115, BA, Brazil;
| | - Elzania Sales Pereira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceara, 2977, Mister Hull Avenue, Fortaleza 60356000, CE, Brazil;
| | - José Morais Pereira Filho
- Graduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos 58708110, PB, Brazil; (F.d.S.A.); (R.R.d.N.); (B.B.d.S.)
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9
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Acosta-Lozano N, Barros-Rodríguez M, Guishca-Cunuhay C, Andrade-Yucailla V, Contreras-Barros K, Sandoval-Castro C, Elghandour MMMY, Zeidan Mohamed Salem A. Potential Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Tannin-Rich Forage on Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Production, Defaunation and Rumen Function. Vet Sci 2023; 10:467. [PMID: 37505871 PMCID: PMC10383649 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10070467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This experiment evaluated the effect of including Acacia mearnsii leaves in a high-fiber diet (corn stover), on ruminal degradation kinetics, digestibility, microbial biomass production, and gas, CH4, and CO2 production. Four experimental diets were tested, including a control with 100% corn stover (T1), and three additional diets with corn stover supplemented at 15% A. mearnsii leaves (T2), 30% A. mearnsii leaves (T3) and 45% of A. mearnsii leaves (T4). The highest dry matter in situ degradation (p ≤ 0.001) and in vitro digestibility (p ≤ 0.001) was found in T1 (80.6 and 53.4%, respectively) and T2 (76.4 and 49.6%, respectively) diets. A higher population of holotrich and entodiniomorph ruminal protozoa was found (p = 0.0001) in T1 at 12 and 24 h. Diets of T1 and T2 promoted a higher (p = 0.0001) microbial protein production (314.5 and 321.1 mg/0.5 g DM, respectively). Furthermore, a lower amount of CH4 was found (p < 0.05) with T2, T3 and T4. It is concluded that it is possible to supplement up to 15% of A. mearnsii leaves (30.5 g TC/kg DM) in ruminant's diets. This decreased the population of protozoa (holotrich and entodiniomorph) as well as the CH4 production by 35.8 and 18.5%, respectively, without generating adverse effects on the ruminal degradation kinetics, nutrient digestibility and microbial protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Acosta-Lozano
- Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena, La Libertad 240204, Ecuador
| | - Marcos Barros-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Sector el Tambo-La Universidad, vía a Quero, Cevallos 1801334, Ecuador
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Rumen Biotechnology, Ruminant Feedlot Ranch-PROCESA, Street Playita-Estero Hondo, La Mana 050202, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Guishca-Cunuhay
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Rumen Biotechnology, Ruminant Feedlot Ranch-PROCESA, Street Playita-Estero Hondo, La Mana 050202, Ecuador
| | - Veronica Andrade-Yucailla
- Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena, La Libertad 240204, Ecuador
| | - Katherine Contreras-Barros
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Campus El Dorado-Itchimbía, Quito 170403, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Sandoval-Castro
- Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil Km. 15.5. Apdo. 4-116 Itzimná, Mérida 97100, Mexico
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10
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Smith D, Petersson K, Peterson ML. Determining the Effects of Pelleted Cranberry Vine Grains on the Ewe and Offspring during Pregnancy and Lactation. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1989. [PMID: 37370499 DOI: 10.3390/ani13121989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
When creating any new anti-parasitic interventions, it is important to evaluate their effects across all life stages. This study had three objectives, which were to evaluate the effect of feeding cranberry vine pellet (CVP) on (1) ewes' body weights and BCS during late gestation and lactation; (2) ewes' milk quality during lactation; and (3) lambs' body weight and growth parameters from birth to 65 days of age. Across two years, 41 Dorset ewes were fed either a 50% CVP or a matching control pellet (CON) from 104 ± 1.60 days of gestation for 62.8 ± 0.68 days of lactation. Measurements were collected from ewes (BW, BCS, and milk) and lambs (BW and body size). Milk from CVP ewes exhibited reduced milk fat and solids (p < 0.01) and increased concentrations of milk urea nitrogen (p = 0.02) when evaluated for the treatment-time. There was no significant difference in the BCS, protein, lamb BW, or growth measurements for treatment-time (p ≥ 0.05). Additional research that targets blood biochemistry and metabolic assessments is needed to fully determine the impact of this pellet on ewes and lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaney Smith
- Department of Fisheries, Animal, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Katherine Petersson
- Department of Fisheries, Animal, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Maria L Peterson
- Department of Fisheries, Animal, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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11
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Mnisi CM, Oyeagu CE, Akuru EA, Ruzvidzo O, Lewu FB. Sorghum, millet and cassava as alternative dietary energy sources for sustainable quail production – A review. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2023.1066388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Diversification and expansion of the poultry industry with fast-growing and highly prolific birds such as the quail (Coturnix coturnix), could contribute significantly in achieving global food and nutrition security. However, sustainable intensification of the quail relies on the cost of dietary ingredients used during feed formulations. The use of non-conventional energy sources such as sorghum, millet, and cassava in lieu of expensive energy sources such as maize, could ensure sustainable quail businesses. Generally, alternative feedstuffs should be cost-effective and possess comparable nutritional qualities as maize. In tropical countries such as South Africa, the use of sorghum, millet, and cassava in quail diets can serve as ideal alternatives because they have relatively comparable energy values as maize. Furthermore, these alternatives are largely available and easily accessible in many farming areas of South Africa. However, the presence of antinutritional factors such as tannins, cyanides and phytic acid, among others, as well as their high fiber levels may limit their utilization in quail nutrition. Nevertheless, attempts have been made to develop improved varieties with low antinutrient compositions, for instance, low-tannin sorghum varieties are increasingly being fed to poultry birds. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that certain processing techniques such as sun-drying, soaking, boiling and fermentation, among others, can lower the concentrations of antinutrients in these alternative feedstuffs, thus increasing their feeding value. To this end, nutritional feeding trials on the positive effects of sorghum, millet and cassava in quail nutrition are inconsistent, mainly due to differences in cultivar type, harvesting site or environmental conditions, sampling, and handling methods amongst other factors. Thus, the present review aimed to discuss the potential of substituting maize with sorghum, millet, and cassava in quail diets.
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12
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Formato M, Vastolo A, Piccolella S, Calabrò S, Cutrignelli MI, Zidorn C, Pacifico S. Castanea sativa Mill. Leaf: UHPLC-HR MS/MS Analysis and Effects on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methanogenesis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248662. [PMID: 36557796 PMCID: PMC9785889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Castanea sativa Mill. (Fagaceae) is a deciduous tree grown for its wood and edible fruits. Chestnut processing produces residues (burs, shells, and leaves) exploitable for their diversity in bioactive compounds in animal nutrition. In fact, plant-specialized metabolites likely act as rumen modifiers. Thus, the recovery of residual plant parts as feed ingredients is an evaluable strategy. In this context, European chestnut leaves from northern Germany have been investigated, proving to be a good source of flavonoids as well as gallo- and ellagitannins. To this purpose, an alcoholic extract was obtained and an untargeted profiling carried out, mainly by means of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR MS/MS) techniques. To better unravel the polyphenol constituents, fractionation strategies were employed to obtain a lipophilic fraction and a polar one. This latter was highly responsive to total phenolic and flavonoid content analyses, as well as to antiradical (DPPH● and ABTS+●) and reducing activity (PFRAP) assays. The effect of the alcoholic extract and its fractions on rumen liquor was also evaluated in vitro in terms of fermentative parameter changes and impact on methanogenesis. The data acquired confirm that chestnut leaf extract and the fractions therefrom promote an increase in total volatile fatty acids, while decreasing acetate/propionate ratio and CH4 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa Formato
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vastolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Simona Piccolella
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Serena Calabrò
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Monica Isabella Cutrignelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Christian Zidorn
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Severina Pacifico
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Correspondence:
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13
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Effects of Neem ( Azadirachta indica) Leaf Powder Supplementation on Rumen Fermentation, Feed Intake, Apparent Digestibility and Performance in Omani Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223146. [PMID: 36428374 PMCID: PMC9687045 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of the dietary addition of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf powder (NLP) when compared to monensin (MON) on ruminal fermentation, feed intake, digestibility, and performance of growing lambs. Eighteen Omani lambs (22.8 ± 2.18 kg of body weight (BW)) were equally divided into three groups (n = 6 lambs/group) for 90 days. Animals were fed an ad lib basal diet consisting of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay (600 g/kg) and a concentrated mixture (400 g/kg) offered twice daily. Experimental treatments were control (basal diet without supplements); MON (control plus 35 mg/kg DM as a positive control); and NLP (control plus 40 g/kg DM). Lambs fed NLP had reduced ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentrations, protozoal counts, total volatile fatty acid, and blood urea nitrogen concentrations compared to the control. Compared to MON, lambs fed NLP had increased ruminal acetate and decreased propionate proportions. Inclusion of NLP in the diet increased blood total protein, globulin, and liver enzyme concentrations in comparison with the control, which was similar to MON. The lamb's final BW and average BW gain were also increased with the NLP relative to the control. Further, adding NLP to the diet increased the digestibility of crude protein compared to the control diet. In conclusion, adding NLP to the diet with 40 g/kg DM could be used as a promising phytogenic supplement for growing lambs with no detrimental effects on the ruminal fermentation profile, nutrient intake, or digestibility.
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14
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Pena-Bermudez YA, Vincenzi R, Meo-Filho P, Sakamoto LS, Lobo R, Benetel G, Lobo A, Matos C, Benetel V, Lima CG, Berndt A, Cardenas LM, Bueno ICS. Effect of Yerba Mate Extract as Feed Additive on Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Emissions in Beef Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:2997. [PMID: 36359122 PMCID: PMC9658154 DOI: 10.3390/ani12212997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of plant extracts that contain secondary compounds with the potential to modulate rumen fermentation and improve animal performance has gained attention in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of yerba mate extract (Ilex paraguariensis ST. Hilaire) (YME) on the ruminal parameters. Eight castrated cattle were divided into four groups, a control without YME (0%) and three treatment groups with 0.5, 1 and 2% inclusion of YME in the dry matter. The inclusion of YME did not show differences in ruminal methane emissions (CH4), and total apparent digestibility (p = 0.54). Likewise, YME did not modify ruminal pH, but positively affected NH3-N, which decreased linearly as the extract level in the diet increased (p = 0.01). No short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were influenced by YME, except isovaleric acid (p = 0.01), which showed a lower concentration in the inclusion of 2% YME. Our results show that up to 2% YME does not affect digestibility, ruminal fermentation parameters, or the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the rumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli A. Pena-Bermudez
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Vincenzi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Meo-Filho
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
- Net Zero and Resilient Farming, Rothamsted Research–North Wyke. North Wyke, Okehampton, Devon EX20 2SB, UK
| | | | - Richard Lobo
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 2250 Shealy Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Gabriela Benetel
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Annelise Lobo
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Carol Matos
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Benetel
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Cesar G. Lima
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Berndt
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Embrapa–Southeast Livestock, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura M. Cardenas
- Net Zero and Resilient Farming, Rothamsted Research–North Wyke. North Wyke, Okehampton, Devon EX20 2SB, UK
| | - Ives C. S. Bueno
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
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15
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Gunun N, Khejornsart P, Polyorach S, Kaewpila C, Kimprasit T, Sanjun I, Cherdthong A, Wanapat M, Gunun P. Utilization of Mao ( Antidesma thwaitesianum Muell. Arg.) Pomace Meal to Substitute Rice Bran on Feed Utilization and Rumen Fermentation in Tropical Beef Cattle. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9110585. [PMID: 36356062 PMCID: PMC9692892 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9110585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing rice bran with mao pomace meal on feed intake, digestibility, and rumen fermentation in beef cattle. Four crossbred (50% Brahman × 50% Thai native) beef cattle with an initial body weight of 195 ± 13 kg and 16 months of age were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The dietary treatments included four levels of RB replacement with mao pomace meal at 0, 33, 67, and 100% in concentrate diets. Rice straw was used as a roughage source, fed ad libitum. Replacement of mao pomace meal with rice bran did not affect (p > 0.05) the intakes of concentrate, rice straw, and total dry matter intake. Ether extract intake decreased linearly when increasing the levels of mao pomace meal (p < 0.01). The experimental diets had no effect (p > 0.05) on the digestibility of fiber and crude protein, while dry matter, organic matter, and ether extract digestibility decreased linearly in the group of mao pomace meal replacing rice bran (p < 0.05). Increasing levels of mao pomace meal in concentrate diets did not alter rumen pH, ammonia−nitrogen, or total volatile fatty acid concentration (p > 0.05). The proportion of propionate increased linearly (p < 0.05), whereas acetate and the acetate to propionate ratio decreased linearly (p < 0.05) when replacing rice bran with mao pomace meal. Moreover, the proportion of propionate was greatest, while acetate was lowest when mao pomace meal was included at 100% in the concentrate diet. In conclusion, the replacement of rice bran with mao pomace meal in a diet could enhance the efficiency of rumen fermentation. Nonetheless, it reduced the digestion of nutrients in tropical beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirawan Gunun
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Technology, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000, Thailand
| | - Pichad Khejornsart
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand
| | - Sineenart Polyorach
- Department of Animal Production Technology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Kaewpila
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus, Sakon Nakhon 47160, Thailand
| | - Thachawech Kimprasit
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus, Sakon Nakhon 47160, Thailand
| | - Ittipol Sanjun
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus, Sakon Nakhon 47160, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Cherdthong
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Metha Wanapat
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Pongsatorn Gunun
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus, Sakon Nakhon 47160, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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16
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Fouts JQ, Honan MC, Roque BM, Tricarico JM, Kebreab E. Board Invited Review: Enteric methane mitigation interventions. Transl Anim Sci 2022; 6:txac041. [PMID: 35529040 PMCID: PMC9071062 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitigation of enteric methane (CH4) presents a feasible approach to curbing agriculture’s contribution to climate change. One intervention for reduction is dietary reformulation, which manipulates the composition of feedstuffs in ruminant diets to redirect fermentation processes toward low CH4 emissions. Examples include reducing the relative proportion of forages to concentrates, determining the rate of digestibility and passage rate from the rumen, and dietary lipid inclusion. Feed additives present another intervention for CH4 abatement and are classified based on their mode of action. Through inhibition of key enzymes, 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) and halogenated compounds directly target the methanogenesis pathway. Rumen environment modifiers, including nitrates, essential oils, and tannins, act on the conditions that affect methanogens and remove the accessibility of fermentation products needed for CH4 formation. Low CH4-emitting animals can also be directly or indirectly selected through breeding interventions, and genome-wide association studies are expected to provide efficient selection decisions. Overall, dietary reformulation and feed additive inclusion provide immediate and reversible effects, while selective breeding produces lasting, cumulative CH4 emission reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Q Fouts
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Mallory C Honan
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Breanna M Roque
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- FutureFeed Pty Ltd Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Ermias Kebreab
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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17
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Fitri A, Yanza YR, Jayanegara A, Ridwan R, Astuti WD, Sarwono KA, Fidriyanto R, Rohmatussolihat R, Widyastuti Y, Obitsu T. Divergence effects between dietary Acacia and Quebracho tannin extracts on nutrient utilization, performance, and methane emission of ruminants: A meta-analysis. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13765. [PMID: 36065082 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Extracts of Acacia and Quebracho have been used as a feed additive in ruminant diets; the effects, however, have been varied. This study used a meta-analysis approach to evaluate the use of those extracts on nutrient utilization, performance, and methane production of ruminants. A database was developed from 37 published papers comprising 152 dietary treatments. The result showed that a higher concentration of tannins was associated with a decrease (p < 0.05) in nutrient intake and digestibility. An increasing tannin concentration was negatively correlated with ammonia, acetic acid, and the ratio of acetic to propionic acid. Methane production decreased (p < 0.01) with the increasing tannin concentration. Nitrogen (N) balance parameters were not affected by the tannin concentrations, but fecal N excretion increased (p < 0.01) as the tannin concentration increased. The relationships between the Acacia and Quebracho and the changes in organic matter intake, milk fat concentration, butyric acid, valeric acid, and methane production were significantly different. In conclusion, it is possible to use both condensed tannins (CT) extracts as a methane emission mitigation without impairing the ruminant performance. Furthermore, the Quebracho showed more pronounced to decrease ruminal protein degradation and lower methane emission than the Acacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainissya Fitri
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, Research Organization for Life Science and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia.,Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Yulianri Rizki Yanza
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia.,Department of Biology Education, Universitas Islam Riau (UIR), Pekanbaru, Indonesia.,Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia.,Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Roni Ridwan
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, Research Organization for Life Science and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia.,Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Wulansih Dwi Astuti
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, Research Organization for Life Science and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia.,Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Ki Ageng Sarwono
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, Research Organization for Life Science and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia.,Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Rusli Fidriyanto
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, Research Organization for Life Science and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia.,Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Rohmatussolihat Rohmatussolihat
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, Research Organization for Life Science and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Yantyati Widyastuti
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, Research Organization for Life Science and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Taketo Obitsu
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
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