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Zhu Y, Wang H, Xiang X, Hayat K, Wu R, Tian J, Zheng H, Xie M, Li B, Du S. A dose-dependent effect of UV-328 on photosynthesis: Exploring light harvesting and UV-B sensing mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134670. [PMID: 38781858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Benzotriazole ultraviolet (UV) stabilizers (BUVs) have emerged as significant environmental contaminants, frequently detected in various ecosystems. While the toxicity of BUVs to aquatic organisms is well-documented, studies on their impact on plant life are scarce. Plants are crucial as they provide the primary source of energy and organic matter in ecosystems through photosynthesis. This study investigated the effects of UV-328 (2-(2-hydroxy-4',6'-di-tert-amylphenyl) benzotriazole) on plant growth indices and photosynthesis processes, employing conventional physiological experiments, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis, and computational methods. Results demonstrated a biphasic response in plant biomass and the maximum quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm), showing improvement at a 50 μM UV-328 treatment but reduction under 150 μM UV-328 exposure. Additionally, disruption in thylakoid morphology was observed at the higher concentration. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis identified key differentially expressed genes (light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein complex Ⅰ subunit A4, light-harvesting chlorophyll b-binding protein 3, UVR8, and curvature thylakoid 1 A) related to photosynthetic light harvesting, UV-B sensing, and chloroplast structure pathways, suggesting they may contribute to the observed alterations in photosynthesis activity induced by UV-328 exposure. Molecular docking analyses further supported the binding affinity between these proteins and UV-328. Overall, this study provided comprehensive physiological and molecular insights, contributing valuable information to the evaluation of the potential risks posed by UV-328 to critical plant physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Hua Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiaobo Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Kashif Hayat
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Ran Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jiaying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Haoyi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Minghui Xie
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Beier Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Shaoting Du
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
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Tan JY, Yue ZC, Li ST, Pan YY, Chu ZY, Ban YH, Xu ZY. Alleviation of Salt Stress and Changes in Glycyrrhizic Acid Accumulation by Dark Septate Endophytes in Glycyrrhiza glabra Grown under Salt Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14557-14569. [PMID: 38957088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which dark septate endophytes (DSE) regulate salt tolerance and the accumulation of bioactive constituents in licorice. First, the salt stress tolerance and resynthesis with the plant effect of isolated DSE from wild licorice were tested. Second, the performance of licorice inoculated with DSE, which had the best salt-tolerant and growth-promoting effects, was examined under salt stress. All isolated DSE showed salt tolerance and promoted plant growth, withCurvularia lunata D43 being the most effective. Under salt stress, C. lunata D43 could promote growth, increase antioxidant enzyme activities, enhance glycyrrhizic acid accumulation, improve key enzyme activities in the glycyrrhizic acid synthesis pathway, and induce the expression of the key enzyme gene and salt tolerance gene of licorice. The structural equation model demonstrated that DSE alleviate the negative effects of salt stress through direct and indirect pathways. Variations in key enzyme activities, gene expression, and bioactive constituent concentration can be attributed to the effects of DSE. These results contribute to revealing the value of DSE for cultivating medicinal plants in saline soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yuan Tan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng-Chu Yue
- Institute of WUT-AMU, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Su-Tong Li
- Institute of WUT-AMU, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yue-Yang Pan
- Institute of WUT-AMU, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhen-Ya Chu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yi-Hui Ban
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
- Weihai Research Institute of Wuhan University of Technology, Weihai 264300, China
| | - Zhou-Ying Xu
- Weihai Research Institute of Wuhan University of Technology, Weihai 264300, China
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
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3
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Mahmood Ur Rehman M, Liu J, Nijabat A, Alsudays IM, Saleh MA, Alamer KH, Attia H, Ziaf K, Zaman QU, Amjad M. Seed priming with potassium nitrate alleviates the high temperature stress by modulating growth and antioxidant potential in carrot seeds and seedlings. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:606. [PMID: 38926658 PMCID: PMC11201870 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Early season carrot (Daucus carota) production is being practiced in Punjab, Pakistan to meet the market demand but high temperature hampers the seed germination and seedling establishment which cause marked yield reduction. Seed priming with potassium nitrate breaks the seed dormancy and improves the seed germination and seedling growth potential but effects vary among the species and ecological conditions. The mechanism of KNO3 priming in high temperature stress tolerance is poorly understood yet. Thus, present study aimed to evaluate high temperature stress tolerance potential of carrot seeds primed with potassium nitrate and impacts on growth, physiological, and antioxidant defense systems. Carrot seeds of a local cultivar (T-29) were primed with various concentration of KNO3 (T0: unprimed (negative control), T1: hydroprimed (positive control), T2: 50 mM, T3:100mM, T4: 150 mM, T5: 200 mM, T6: 250 mM and T7: 300 mM) for 12 h each in darkness at 20 ± 2℃. Seed priming with 50 mM of KNO3 significantly enhanced the seed germination (36%), seedling growth (28%) with maximum seedling vigor (55%) and also exhibited 16.75% more carrot root biomass under high temperature stress as compared to respective control. Moreover, enzymatic activities including peroxidase, catalase, superoxidase dismutase, total phenolic contents, total antioxidants contents and physiological responses of plants were also improved in response to seed priming under high temperature stress. By increasing the level of KNO3, seed germination, growth and root biomass were reduced. These findings suggest that seed priming with 50 mM of KNO3 can be an effective strategy to improve germination, growth and yield of carrot cultivar (T-29) under high temperature stress in early cropping. This study also proposes that KNO3 may induces the stress memory by heritable modulations in chromosomal structure and methylation and acetylation of histones that may upregulate the hormonal and antioxidant activities to enhance the stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mahmood Ur Rehman
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Jizhan Liu
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Aneela Nijabat
- Department of Botany, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, 42200, Pakistan
| | - Ibtisam M Alsudays
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Burydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneera A Saleh
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid H Alamer
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Houneida Attia
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khurram Ziaf
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Qamar Uz Zaman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Amjad
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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Yu J, Chen J, Li Q, Ren P, Tang Y, Huang R, Lu Y, Chen K. Toxicity and fate of cadmium in hydroponically cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) influenced by microplastics. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116422. [PMID: 38705040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Although more attention has been paid to microplastics (MPs) pollution in environment, research on the synthetic influence of microplastic and heavy metals remains limited. To help fill this information gap, we investigated the adsorption behavior of virgin polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVCMPs) (≤450 µm white spherical powder) on cadmium (II). The effects on seed germination, seedling growth, photosynthetic system, oxidative stress indicators of lettuce, and changes in Cd bioavailability were evaluated under Cd2+ (25 μmol/L), PVCMPs (200 mg/L), and PVCMP-Cd combined (200 mg/L + 25 μmol/L) exposures in hydroponic system. The results demonstrated that the PVCMPs effectively adsorbed Cd ions, which validated by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Langmuir isotherm models, indicating the sorption of Cd2+ on the PVCMPs was primary chemisorption and approximates monomolecular layer sorption. Compared to MPs, Cd significantly inhibits plant seed germination and seedling growth and development. However, Surprising improvement in seed germination under PVCMPs-Cd exposure was observed. Moreover, Cd2+ and MPs alone or combined stress caused oxidative stress with reactive oxygen species (ROS) including H2O2, O2- and Malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in plants, and substantially damaged to photosynthesis. With the addition of PVCMPs, the content of Cd in the leaves significantly (P<0.01) decreased by 1.76-fold, and the translocation factor and Cd2+removal rate in the water substantially (P<0.01) decreased by 6.73-fold and 1.67-fold, respectively in contrast to Cd2+ stress alone. Therefore, it is concluded the PVCMP was capable of reducing Cd contents in leaves, alleviating Cd toxicity in lettuce. Notably, this study provides a scientific foundation and reference for comprehending the toxicological interactions between microplastics and heavy metals in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadie Yu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, PR China
| | - Juelin Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, PR China
| | - Qiong Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, PR China
| | - Peng Ren
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, PR China
| | - Yunlai Tang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, PR China
| | - Renhua Huang
- College of Biological Engineering, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, PR China
| | - Yunmei Lu
- College of Biological Engineering, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, PR China.
| | - Ke Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, PR China.
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Xu L, Liu C, Ren Y, Huang Y, Liu Y, Feng S, Zhong X, Fu D, Zhou X, Wang J, Liu Y, Yang M. Nanoplastic toxicity induces metabolic shifts in Populus × euramericana cv. '74/76' revealed by multi-omics analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134148. [PMID: 38565012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
There is increasing global concern regarding the pervasive issue of plastic pollution. We investigated the response of Populus × euramericana cv. '74/76' to nanoplastic toxicity via phenotypic, microanatomical, physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic approaches. Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) were distributed throughout the test plants after the application of PS-NPs. Nanoplastics principally accumulated in the roots; minimal fractions were translocated to the leaves. In leaves, however, PS-NPs easily penetrated membranes and became concentrated in chloroplasts, causing thylakoid disintegration and chlorophyll degradation. Finally, oxidant damage from the influx of PS-NPs led to diminished photosynthesis, stunted growth, and etiolation and/or wilting. By integrating dual-omics data, we found that plants could counteract mild PS-NP-induced oxidative stress through the antioxidant enzyme system without initiating secondary metabolic defense mechanisms. In contrast, severe PS-NP treatments promoted a shift in metabolic pattern from primary metabolism to secondary metabolic defense mechanisms, an effect that was particularly pronounced during the upregulation of flavonoid biosynthesis. Our findings provide a useful framework from which to further clarify the roles of key biochemical pathways in plant responses to nanoplastic toxicity. Our work also supports the development of effective strategies to mitigate the environmental risks of nanoplastics by biologically immobilizing them in contaminated lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liren Xu
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Tree Genetic Resources and Forest Protection, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chong Liu
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China.
| | - Yachao Ren
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Tree Genetic Resources and Forest Protection, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China.
| | - Yinran Huang
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China.
| | - Yichao Liu
- Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Science, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050061, China.
| | - Shuxiang Feng
- Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Science, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050061, China.
| | - Xinyu Zhong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Donglin Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jinmao Wang
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Tree Genetic Resources and Forest Protection, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China.
| | - Yujun Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Minsheng Yang
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Tree Genetic Resources and Forest Protection, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China.
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6
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Kapoor RT, Paray BA, Ahmad A, Mansoor S, Ahmad P. Biochar and silicon relegate the adversities of beryllium stress in pepper by modulating methylglyoxal detoxification and antioxidant defense mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:37060-37074. [PMID: 38758448 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33547-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Industrial activities have escalated beryllium (Be) release in environment which negatively affect plant growth and human health. This investigation describes Be-induced stress in pepper and its palliation by application of pineapple fruit peel biochar (BC) and potassium silicate (Si). The treatment of Be reduced seedling length, biomass, and physiological attributes and enhanced electrolyte leakage, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2•-) level in pepper plants; however, these oxidative stress markers were reduced with combined treatment (Be + BC + Si). Application of BC and Si also lowered Be cumulation in roots and shoots of pepper. Under combined treatment, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities exhibited significant enhancement 19, 7.6, 22.8, and 48%, respectively, in Be-stressed pepper. The Be + BC + Si increased peroxidase (POD), glutathione S-transferase (GPX), and glutathione peroxidase (GST) activities 121, 55, and 53%, respectively, as compared to Be-treated pepper. Methylglyoxal level was reduced in pepper with rise in glyoxalase I and II enzymes. Thus, combined application of SS and BC effectively protects pepper against oxidative stress induced by Be by increasing both antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. Hence, pineapple fruit peel biochar along with potassium silicate can be used for enhancing crop productivity under Be-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riti Thapar Kapoor
- Centre for Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201 313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bilal Ahamad Paray
- Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh Mansoor
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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7
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Tzean Y, Wang KT, Gamboa Chen E, Wang HW, Wu TM, Liu CA. Antioxidant Responses and Growth Impairment in Cucurbita moschata Infected by Meloidogyne incognita. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:267. [PMID: 38666879 PMCID: PMC11048190 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Pumpkins (Cucurbita moschata), valued for their nutritional, medicinal, and economic significance, face threats from Meloidogyne incognita, a critical plant-parasitic nematode. This study extensively examines the impact of M. incognita on the growth, physiological, and biochemical responses of C. moschata. We demonstrate that M. incognita infection leads to significant growth impairment in C. moschata, evidenced by reduced plant height and biomass, along with the significant development of nematode-induced galls. Concurrently, a pronounced oxidative stress response was observed, characterized by elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide and a significant increase in antioxidant defense mechanisms, including the upregulation of key antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase, and peroxidase) and the accumulation of glutathione. These responses highlight a dynamic interaction between the plant and the nematode, wherein C. moschata activates a robust antioxidant defense to mitigate the oxidative stress induced by nematode infection. Despite these defenses, the persistence of growth impairment underscores the challenge posed by M. incognita to the agricultural production of C. moschata. Our findings contribute to the understanding of plant-nematode interactions, paving the way for the development of strategies aimed at enhancing resistance in Cucurbitaceae crops against nematode pests, thus supporting sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh Tzean
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (E.G.C.); (H.-W.W.); (C.-A.L.)
| | - Kuang-Teng Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (K.-T.W.); (T.-M.W.)
| | - Elena Gamboa Chen
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (E.G.C.); (H.-W.W.); (C.-A.L.)
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wen Wang
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (E.G.C.); (H.-W.W.); (C.-A.L.)
| | - Tsung-Meng Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (K.-T.W.); (T.-M.W.)
| | - Chia-An Liu
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (E.G.C.); (H.-W.W.); (C.-A.L.)
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8
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Hou R, Wang Z, Zhu Q, Wang J, Zhou Y, Li Y, Liu H, Zhao Q, Huang J. Identification and characterization of the critical genes encoding Cd-induced enhancement of SOD isozymes activities in Zhe-Maidong ( Ophiopogon japonicus). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1355849. [PMID: 38606075 PMCID: PMC11007131 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1355849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects plants from abiotic stress-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage. Here, the effects of cadmium (Cd) exposure on ROS accumulation and SOD isozymes, as well as the identification of significant SOD isozyme genes, were investigated under different Cd stress treatments to Zhe-Maidong (Ophiopogon japonicus). The exposure to Cd stress resulted in a notable elevation in the SOD activity in roots. Cu/ZnSODa and Cu/ZnSODb were the most critical SOD isozymes in response to Cd stress, as indicated by the detection results for SOD isozymes. A total of 22 OjSOD genes were identified and classified into three subgroups, including 10 OjCu/ZnSODs, 6 OjMnSODs, and 6 OjFeSODs, based on the analysis of conserved motif and phylogenetic tree. Cu/ZnSOD-15, Cu/ZnSOD-18, Cu/ZnSOD-20, and Cu/ZnSOD-22 were the main genes that control the increase in SOD activity under Cd stress, as revealed via quantitative PCR and transcriptome analysis. Additionally, under various heavy metal stress (Cu2+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Mn2+), Cu/ZnSOD-15, Cu/ZnSOD-18, and Cu/ZnSOD-22 gene expression were significantly upregulated, indicating that these three genes play a critical part in resisting heavy metal stress. The molecular docking experiments performed on the interaction between oxygen ion (O2•-) and OjSOD protein have revealed that the critical amino acid residues involved in the binding of Cu/ZnSOD-22 to the substrate were Pro135, Ile136, Ile140, and Arg144. Our findings provide a solid foundation for additional functional investigations on the OjSOD genes, as well as suggestions for improving genetic breeding and agricultural management strategies to increase Cd resistance in O. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Hou
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Li
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
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9
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Chen Z, Guo Z, Han M, Feng Y, Ma J. Integrated physiological and transcriptomic analyzes reveal the duality of TiO 2 nanoparticles on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116059. [PMID: 38309235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a feed crop due to its rich nutrition and high productivity. The utilization of titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) brings benefits to agricultural production but also has potential hazards. To investigate the duality and related mechanism of TiO2 NPs on alfalfa, its different doses including 0, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1000 mg L- 1 (CK, Ti-50, Ti-100, Ti-200, Ti-500, and Ti-1000) were sprayed on leaves. The results showed that greater doses of TiO2 NPs (500 and 1000 mg L-1) negatively affected the physiological parameters, including morphology, biomass, leaf ultrastructure, stomata, photosynthesis, pigments, and antioxidant ability. However, 100 mg L-1 TiO2 NPs revealed an optimal positive effect; compared with the CK, it dramatically increased plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight by 22%, 21%, and 41%, respectively. Additionally, TiO2 NPs at low doses significantly protected leaf tissue, promoted stomatal opening, and enhanced the antioxidant system; while higher doses had phytotoxicity. Hence, TiO2 NPs are dose-dependent on alfalfa. The transcriptomic analysis identified 4625 and 2121 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the comparison of CK vs. Ti-100 and CK vs. Ti-500, respectively. They were mainly enriched in photosynthesis, chlorophyll metabolism, and energy metabolism. Notably, TiO2 NPs-induced phytotoxicity on photosynthetic parameters happened concurrently with the alterations of the genes involved in the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms in the KEGG analysis. Similarly, it affected the efficiency of alfalfa energy transformation processes, including pyruvate metabolism and chlorophyll synthesis. Several key related genes in these pathways were validated. Therefore, TiO2 NPs have positive and toxic effects by regulating morphology, leaf ultrastructure, stomata, photosynthesis, redox homeostasis, and genes related to key pathways. It is significant to understand the duality of TiO2 NPs and cultivate varieties resistant to nanomaterial pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhipeng Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Mengli Han
- College of Animal science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuxi Feng
- College of Animal science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jin Ma
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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10
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Wang N, Wang X, Chen L, Liu H, Wu Y, Huang M, Fang L. Biological roles of soil microbial consortium on promoting safe crop production in heavy metal(loid) contaminated soil: A systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168994. [PMID: 38043809 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal(loid) (HM) pollution of agricultural soils is a growing global environmental concern that affects planetary health. Numerous studies have shown that soil microbial consortia can inhibit the accumulation of HMs in crops. However, our current understanding of the effects and mechanisms of inhibition is fragmented. In this review, we summarise extant studies and knowledge to provide a comprehensive view of HM toxicity on crop growth and development at the biological, cellular and the molecular levels. In a meta-analysis, we find that microbial consortia can improve crop resistance and reduce HM uptake, which in turn promotes healthy crop growth, demonstrating that microbial consortia are more effective than single microorganisms. We then review three main mechanisms by which microbial consortia reduce the toxicity of HMs to crops and inhibit HMs accumulation in crops: 1) reducing the bioavailability of HMs in soil (e.g. biosorption, bioaccumulation and biotransformation); 2) improving crop resistance to HMs (e.g. facilitating the absorption of nutrients); and 3) synergistic effects between microorganisms. Finally, we discuss the prospects of microbial consortium applications in simultaneous crop safety production and soil remediation, indicating that they play a key role in sustainable agricultural development, and conclude by identifying research challenges and future directions for the microbial consortium to promote safe crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, CAS and MOE, Yangling 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangxiang Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hongjie Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yanfang Wu
- Palm Eco-Town Development Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Min Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Nonmetallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Linchuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, CAS and MOE, Yangling 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Nonmetallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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11
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Yuan P, Shen W, Yang L, Tang J, He K, Xu H, Bu F. Physiological and transcriptional analyses reveal the resistance mechanisms of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) mutant with enhanced heat tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108331. [PMID: 38181641 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
High temperature is an environmental stressor that severely threatens plant growth, development, and yield. In this study, we obtained a kiwifruit mutant (MT) of 'Hongyang' (WT) through 60Co-γ irradiation. The MT possessed different leaf morphology and displayed prominently elevated heat tolerance compared to the WT genotype. When exposure to heat stress, the MT plants exhibited stabler photosynthetic capacity and accumulated less reactive oxygen species, along with enhanced antioxidant capacity and higher expression levels of related genes in comparison with the WT plants. Moreover, global transcriptome profiling indicated that an induction in genes related to stress-responsive, phytohormone signaling, and transcriptional regulatory pathways, which might contribute to the upgrade of thermotolerance in the MT genotype. Collectively, the significantly enhanced thermotolerance of MT might be mainly attributed to profitable leaf structure variations, improved photosynthetic and antioxidant capacities, as well as extensive transcriptome reprogram. These findings would be insightful in elucidating the sophisticated mechanisms of kiwifruit response to heat stress, and suggest the MT holds great potential for future kiwifruit improvement with enhanced heat tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yuan
- Hunan Horticulture Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wanqi Shen
- Hunan Horticulture Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan Province, China
| | - Liying Yang
- Hunan Horticulture Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jiale Tang
- Hunan Horticulture Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kejia He
- Hunan Horticulture Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hai Xu
- Hunan Horticulture Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Fanwen Bu
- Hunan Horticulture Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan Province, China.
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12
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do Carmo Santos ML, Santos TA, Dos Santos Lopes N, Macedo Ferreira M, Martins Alves AM, Pirovani CP, Micheli F. The selenium-independent phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase from Theobroma cacao (TcPHGPX) protects plant cells against damages and cell death. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108332. [PMID: 38224638 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Proteins from the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) family, such as GPX4 or PHGPX in animals, are extensively studied for their antioxidant functions and apoptosis inhibition. GPXs can be selenium-independent or selenium-dependent, with selenium acting as a potential cofactor for GPX activity. However, the relationship of plant GPXs to these functions remains unclear. Recent research indicated an upregulation of Theobroma cacao phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase gene (TcPHGPX) expression during early witches' broom disease stages, suggesting the use of antioxidant mechanisms as a plant defense strategy to reduce disease progression. Witches' broom disease, caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa, induces cell death through elicitors like MpNEP2 in advanced infection stages. In this context, in silico and in vitro analyses of TcPHGPX's physicochemical and functional characteristics may elucidate its antioxidant potential and effects against cell death, enhancing understanding of plant GPXs and informing strategies to control witches' broom disease. Results indicated TcPHGPX interaction with selenium compounds, mainly sodium selenite, but without improving the protein function. Protein-protein interaction network suggested cacao GPXs association with glutathione and thioredoxin metabolism, engaging in pathways like signaling, peroxide detection for ABA pathway components, and anthocyanin transport. Tests on tobacco cells revealed that TcPHGPX reduced cell death, associated with decreased membrane damage and H2O2 production induced by MpNEP2. This study is the first functional analysis of TcPHGPX, contributing to knowledge about plant GPXs and supporting studies for witches' broom disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luíza do Carmo Santos
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Taís Araújo Santos
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Natasha Dos Santos Lopes
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Monaliza Macedo Ferreira
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Akyla Maria Martins Alves
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Carlos Priminho Pirovani
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Fabienne Micheli
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil; CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France.
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13
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Rosier CL, Kittredge D, Nainiger B, Duarte O, Austic G, TerAvest D. Validation of low-cost reflectometer to identify phytochemical accumulation in food crops. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2524. [PMID: 38291145 PMCID: PMC10827735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Diets consisting of greater quantity/diversity of phytochemicals are correlated with reduced risk of disease. This understanding guides policy development increasing awareness of the importance of consuming fruits, grains, and vegetables. Enacted policies presume uniform concentrations of phytochemicals across crop varieties regardless of production/harvesting methods. A growing body of research suggests that concentrations of phytochemicals can fluctuate within crop varieties. Improved awareness of how cropping practices influence phytochemical concentrations are required, guiding policy development improving human health. Reliable, inexpensive laboratory equipment represents one of several barriers limiting further study of the complex interactions influencing crop phytochemical accumulation. Addressing this limitation our study validated the capacity of a low-cost Reflectometer ($500) to measure phytochemical content in selected crops, against a commercial grade laboratory spectrophotometer. Our correlation results ranged from r2 = 0.81 for protein in wheat and oats to r2 = 0.99 for polyphenol content in lettuce in both the Reflectometer and laboratory spectrophotometer assessment, suggesting the Reflectometer provides an accurate accounting of phytochemical content within evaluated crops. Repeatability evaluation demonstrated good reproducibility of the Reflectometer to assess crop phytochemical content. Additionally, we confirmed large variation in phytochemical content within specific crop varieties, suggesting that cultivar is but one of multiple drivers of phytochemical accumulation. Our findings indicate dramatic nutrient variations could exist across the food supply, a point whose implications are not well understood. Future studies should investigate the interactions between crop phytochemical accumulation and farm management practices that influence specific soil characteristics.
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14
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Walker PL, Belmonte MF, McCallum BD, McCartney CA, Randhawa HS, Henriquez MA. Dual RNA-sequencing of Fusarium head blight resistance in winter wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1299461. [PMID: 38239218 PMCID: PMC10794533 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1299461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease responsible for significant yield losses in wheat and other cereal crops across the globe. FHB infection of wheat spikes results in grain contamination with mycotoxins, reducing both grain quality and yield. Breeding strategies have resulted in the production of FHB-resistant cultivars, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of resistance in the majority of these cultivars are still poorly understood. To improve our understanding of FHB-resistance, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of FHB-resistant AC Emerson, FHB-moderately resistant AC Morley, and FHB-susceptible CDC Falcon in response to Fusarium graminearum. Wheat spikelets located directly below the point of inoculation were collected at 7-days post inoculation (dpi), where dual RNA-sequencing was performed to explore differential expression patterns between wheat cultivars in addition to the challenging pathogen. Differential expression analysis revealed distinct defense responses within FHB-resistant cultivars including the enrichment of physical defense through the lignin biosynthesis pathway, and DON detoxification through the activity of UDP-glycosyltransferases. Nucleotide sequence variants were also identified broadly between these cultivars with several variants being identified within differentially expressed putative defense genes. Further, F. graminearum demonstrated differential expression of mycotoxin biosynthesis pathways during infection, leading to the identification of putative pathogenicity factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip L. Walker
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB, Canada
| | - Mark F. Belmonte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Brent D. McCallum
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB, Canada
| | - Curt A. McCartney
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Harpinder S. Randhawa
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Maria A. Henriquez
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB, Canada
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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15
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Vokřál I, Podlipná R, Matoušková P, Skálová L. Anthelmintics in the environment: Their occurrence, fate, and toxicity to non-target organisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140446. [PMID: 37852376 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Anthelmintics are drugs used for the treatment and prevention of diseases caused by parasitic worms (helminths). While the importance of anthelmintics in human as well as in veterinary medicine is evident, they represent emerging contaminants of the environment. Human anthelmintics are mainly used in tropical and sub-tropical regions, while veterinary anthelmintics have become frequently-occurring environmental pollutants worldwide due to intensive agri- and aquaculture production. In the environment, anthelmintics are distributed in water and soil in relation to their structure and physicochemical properties. Consequently, they enter various organisms directly (e.g. plants, soil invertebrates, water animals) or indirectly through food-chain. Several anthelmintics elicit toxic effects in non-target species. Although new information has been made available, anthelmintics in ecosystems should be more thoroughly investigated to obtain complex knowledge on their impact in various environments. This review summarizes available information about the occurrence, behavior, and toxic effect of anthelmintics in environment. Several reasons why anthelmintics are dangerous contaminants are highlighted along with options to reduce contamination. Negative effects are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vokřál
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové, CZ-500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Podlipná
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, Praha 6, CZ-165 02, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Matoušková
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové, CZ-500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Skálová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové, CZ-500 05, Czech Republic
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16
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Kumar S, Chandra R, Behera L, Sudhir I, Meena M, Singh S, Keswani C. Microbial consortium mediated acceleration of the defense response in potato against Alternaria solani through prodigious inflation in phenylpropanoid derivatives and redox homeostasis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22148. [PMID: 38045140 PMCID: PMC10692827 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out in a pot experiment to examine the bioefficacy of three biocontrol agents, viz., Trichoderma viride, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas fluorescens, either alone or in consortium, on plant growth promotion and activation of defense responses in potato against the early blight pathogen Alternaria solani. The results demonstrate significant enhancement in growth parameters in plants bioprimed with the triple-microbe consortium compared to other treatments. In potato, the disease incidence percentage was significantly reduced in plants treated with the triple-microbe consortium compared to untreated control plants challenged with A. solani. Potato tubers treated with the consortium and challenged with pathogen showed significant activation of defense-related enzymes such as peroxidase (PO) at 96 h after pathogen inoculation (hapi) while, both polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) at 72 hapi, compared to the individual and dual microbial consortia-treated plants. The expression of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins such as chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase were observed to be highest at 72 hapi in the triple microbe consortium as compared to other treatments. HPLC analysis revealed significant induction in polyphenolic compounds in triple-consortium bioprimed plants compared to the control at 72 hapi. Histochemical analysis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) clearly showed maximum accumulation of H2O2 in pathogen-inoculated control plants, while the lowest was observed in triple-microbe consortium at 72 hapi. The findings of this study suggest that biopriming with a microbial consortium improved plant growth and triggered defense responses against A. solani through the induction of systemic resistance via modulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway and antioxidative network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
- Department of Plant Pathology, B.M. College of Agriculture, Khandwa, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Ram Chandra
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Lopamudra Behera
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ichini Sudhir
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Mukesh Meena
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, University Collage of Science, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Shailendra Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Invertis University, Bareilly, 243123, India
| | - Chetan Keswani
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
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17
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Ribeiro AT, Teodoro GS, da Silva KC, Pereira-Matos YC, Batista BL, Lobato AKS. 24-Epibrassinolide alleviates drought effects in young Carapa guianensis plants, improving the hydraulic safety margin, gas exchange and antioxidant defence. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:924-934. [PMID: 37549227 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is increasing the frequency of extreme events such as droughts, limiting plant growth and productivity. Exogenous application of plant growth regulators, such as 24-epibrassinolide (EBR), might be a solution as this molecule is organic, eco-friendly, and biodegradable. This is the first research to examine possible roles of EBR on the hydraulic safety margin, physiological behaviour, and metabolism in Carapa guianensis Aubl. (Meliaceae) exposed to drought. C. guianensis is a widely distributed tree in tropical forests of the Amazon. The objective was to determine whether EBR can improve tolerance to water deficit in young C. guianensis by measuring hydraulic traits, nutritional, biochemical and physiological responses, and biomass. The experiment had four randomized treatments: two water conditions (control and water deficit) and two concentrations of EBR (0 and 100 nM EBR). EBR increased the water potential and hydraulic safety margin, increased CO2 fixation, and improved stomatal performance. EBR also stimulated antioxidant defences (SOD, CAT, APX, and POX). Overall, tretreatment with EBR improved drought tolerance of young C. guianensis plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - G S Teodoro
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - K C da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Y C Pereira-Matos
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Vegetal Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Paragominas, Pará, Brazil
| | - B L Batista
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A K S Lobato
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Vegetal Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Paragominas, Pará, Brazil
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18
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Hussain S, Ahmed S, Akram W, Sardar R, Abbas M, Yasin NA. Selenium-Priming mediated growth and yield improvement of turnip under saline conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 26:710-726. [PMID: 37753953 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2261548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Salt toxicity is one of the foremost environmental stresses that declines nutrient uptake, photosynthetic activity and growth of plants resulting in a decrease in crop yield and quality. Seed priming has become an emergent strategy to alleviate abiotic stress and improve plant growth. During the current study, turnip seed priming with sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) was investigated for its ability to mitigate salt stress. Turnip (Brassica rapa L. var. Purple Top White Globe) seeds primed with 75, 100, and 125 μML-1 of Se were subjected to 200 mM salt stress under field conditions. Findings of the current field research demonstrated that salt toxicity declined seed germination, chlorophyll content, and gas exchange characteristics of B. rapa seedling. Whereas, Se-primed seeds showed higher germination rate and plant growth which may be attributed to the decreased level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased synthesis of proline (36%) and besides increased total chlorophyll (46%) in applied turnip plants. Higher expression levels of genes encoding antioxidative activities (CAT, POD, SO,D and APX) mitigated oxidative stress induced by the salt toxicity. Additionally, Se treatment decreased Na+ content and enhanced K+ content resulting in elevated K+/Na+ ratio in the treated plants. The in-silico assessment revealed the interactive superiority of Se with antioxidant enzymes including CAT, POD, SOD, and APX as compared to sodium chloride (NaCl). Computational study of enzymes-Se and enzymes-NaCl molecules also revealed the stress ameliorative potential of Se through the presence of more Ramachandran-favored regions (94%) and higher docking affinities of Se (-6.3). The in-silico studies through molecular docking of Na2SeO3, NaCl, and ROS synthesizing enzymes (receptors) including cytochrome P450 (CYP), lipoxygenase (LOX), and xanthine oxidase (XO), also confirmed the salt stress ameliorative potential of Se in B. rapa. The increased Ca, P, Mg, and Zn nutrients uptake nutrients uptake in 100 μML-1 Se primed seedlings helped to adjust the stomatal conductivity (35%) intercellular CO2 concentration (32%), and photosynthetic activity (41%) resulting in enhancement of the yield attributes. More number of seeds per plant (6%), increased turnip weight (115 gm) root length (17.24 cm), root diameter (12 cm) as well as turnip yield increased by (9%tons ha-1) were recorded for 100 μML-1 Se treatment under salinity stress. Findings of the current research judiciously advocate the potential of Se seed priming for salt stress alleviation and growth improvement in B. rapa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Hussain
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Akram
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Sardar
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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19
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Lozo J, Ristović N, Kungulovski G, Jovanović Ž, Rakić T, Stanković S, Radović S. Rhizosphere microbiomes of resurrection plants Ramonda serbica and R. nathaliae: comparative analysis and search for bacteria mitigating drought stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:256. [PMID: 37474779 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03702-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Rhizosphere microbial communities play an important role in maintaining the health and productivity of the plant host. The rhizobacteria Pseudomonas putida P2 of Ramonda serbica and Bacillus cereus P5 of R. nathaliae were selected for treatment of the Belija wheat cultivar because of their plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties. Compared to the non-treated drought-stressed plants, the plants treated with rhizobacteria showed increased activity of the two major antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase. Plants treated with the B. cereus P5 strain exhibited higher proline content under drought stress, suggesting that proline accumulation depends on the relative water content (RWC) status of the plants studied. Inoculation of wheat seeds with the P. putida P2 strain improved water status by increasing RWC and alleviating oxidative stress by reducing H2O2 and malondialdehyde concentrations in plants exposed to severe drought, possibly also helping plants to overcome drought through its 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase activity. Analysis of data from Next Generation sequencing (NGS) revealed that the dominant bacterial taxa in the rhizosphere of resurrection plants R. serbica and R. nathaliae were extremophilic, thermotolerant, Vicinamibacter silvestris, Chthoniobacter flavus, and Gaiella occulta. From the fungi detected Penicillium was the most abundant in both samples, while Fusarium and Mucor were present only in the rhizosphere of R. serbica and the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium, and Tolypocladiumu only in the rhizosphere of R. nathaliae. The fungal communities varied among plants, suggesting a stronger environmental influence than plant species. Our study demonstrates the importance of in vivo experiments to confirm the properties of PGP bacteria and indicates that the rhizosphere of resurrection plants is a valuable source of unique microorganisms that can be used to improve the drought stress tolerance of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Lozo
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
- Faculty of Biology, Centre for biological control and plant growth promotion, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Nemanja Ristović
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | | | - Živko Jovanović
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Tamara Rakić
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Slaviša Stanković
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
- Faculty of Biology, Centre for biological control and plant growth promotion, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Radović
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
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20
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Kim SJ, Tran BQ, Jung S. Methyl jasmonate-induced senescence results in alterations in the status of chlorophyll precursors and enzymatic antioxidants in rice plants. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 671:38-45. [PMID: 37295354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We examined the control of chlorophyll biosynthesis and protective mechanisms during leaf senescence induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA). After MeJA treatment, rice plants displayed evidence of great oxidative stress regarding senescence symptoms, disruption of membrane integrity, H2O2 production, and decreased chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency. After 6 h of MeJA treatment, plants greatly decreased not only their levels of chlorophyll precursors, including protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), Mg-Proto IX, Mg-Proto IX methylester, and protochlorophyllide, but also the expression levels of the chlorophyll biosynthetic genes CHLD, CHLH, CHLI, and PORB, with the greatest decreases at 78 h. MeJA-treated plants showed a noticeable degradation of light-harvesting chlorophyll-binding proteins (LHCB) at 78 h after MeJA treatment but began to downregulate expression of LHCB at 6 h. Photoprotection, as indicated by nonphotochemical quenching, slightly increased only at 6 h after MeJA treatment. In parallel to the increased activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase, MeJA-treated plants responded to senescence by markedly upregulating the expression of APX and CAT. Our study demonstrates that rice plants developed protective mechanisms for mitigating oxidative stress by scavenging phototoxic chlorophyll precursors and activating enzymatic antioxidant responses during MeJA-induced senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Jin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Bao Quoc Tran
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Sunyo Jung
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
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21
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Deng B, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Tian S. Exogenous ATP triggers antioxidant defense system and alleviates Cd toxicity in maize seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114898. [PMID: 37043944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The role of exogenous adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) in the regulation of antioxidant response in plants under heavy metal stress is unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of exogenous ATP application on plant growth, antioxidant response, and Cd accumulation in maize seedlings. Treatment with 0.1 mM CdCl2 moderately reduced dry weight, decreased chlorophyll content, impaired photosynthesis, and increased lipid peroxidation in maize seedlings compared with controls. However, toxicity due to Cd was alleviated after 10-200 µM ATP treatment. Subsequently, the activity of Cd-regulated antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant metabolite accumulation, and total antioxidant capacity were drastically enhanced after 50 µM ATP treatment. Similar patterns were observed in the ADP-treated group but not in the AMP-treated group under Cd stress. However, the ATP-induced elevation in antioxidant defense ability was decreased by the inhibition of NADPH oxidase (NOX). ATP-induced elevation in NOX activity and H2O2 production was partly reversed by the inhibition of NOX in maize seedlings under Cd stress. Furthermore, ATP promoted Cd accumulation in the roots and shoots of maize seedlings. However, the ATP-induced increase in Cd accumulation was partly abolished by the inhibition of NOX. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the role and mechanism of exogenous ATP in regulating plant growth, antioxidant response, and heavy metal phytoextraction. The study provides a new method based on exogenous ATP for enhancing heavy metal tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benliang Deng
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory of Dingxi People's Hospital, Dingxi, Gansu 743000, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Yipu Fan
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China
| | - Shan Tian
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China
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22
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Stefanov MA, Rashkov GD, Yotsova EK, Borisova PB, Dobrikova AG, Apostolova EL. Protective Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside on Photosynthetic Performance of Sorghum bicolor L. under Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:832. [PMID: 36840183 PMCID: PMC9966380 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the impacts of the foliar application of different sodium nitroprusside (SNP, as a donor of nitric oxide) concentrations (0-300 µM) on two sorghum varieties (Sorghum bicolor L. Albanus and Sorghum bicolor L. Shamal) under salt stress (150 mM NaCl) were investigated. The data revealed that salinity leads to an increase in oxidative stress markers and damage of the membrane integrity, accompanied by a decrease in the chlorophyll content, the open photosystem II (PSII) centers, and the performance indexes (PI ABS and PI total), as well as having an influence on the electron flux reducing photosystem I (PSI) end acceptors (REo/RC). Spraying with SNP alleviated the NaCl toxicity on the photosynthetic functions; the protection was concentration-dependent, and greater in Shamal than in Albanus, i.e., variety specific. Furthermore, the experimental results revealed that the degree of SNP protection under salt stress also depends on the endogenous nitric oxide (NO) amount in leaves, the number of active reaction centers per PSII antenna chlorophylls, the enhanced electron flux reducing end acceptors at the acceptor side of PSI, as well as the stimulation of the cyclic electron transport around PSI. The results showed better protection in both varieties of sorghum for SNP concentrations up to 150 µM, which corresponds to about a 50% increase in the endogenous NO leaf content in comparison to the control plants. Our study provides valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying SNP-induced salt tolerance in sorghum varieties and might be a practical approach to correcting salt intolerance.
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23
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Li S, Zhuo R, Yu M, Lin X, Xu J, Qiu W, Li H, Han X. A novel gene SpCTP3 from the hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola redistributes cadmium and increases its accumulation in transgenic Populus × canescens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1111789. [PMID: 36844053 PMCID: PMC9945123 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1111789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A cadmium (Cd) tolerance protein (SpCTP3) involved in the Sedum plumbizincicola response to Cd stress was identified. However, the mechanism underlying the Cd detoxification and accumulation mediated by SpCTP3 in plants remains unclear. We compared wild-type (WT) and SpCTP3-overexpressing transgenic poplars in terms of Cd accumulation, physiological indices, and the expression profiles of transporter genes following with 100 μmol/L CdCl2. Compared with the WT, significantly more Cd accumulated in the above-ground and below-ground parts of the SpCTP3-overexpressing lines after 100 μmol/L CdCl2 treatment. The Cd flow rate was significantly higher in the transgenic roots than in the WT roots. The overexpression of SpCTP3 resulted in the subcellular redistribution of Cd, with decreased and increased Cd proportions in the cell wall and the soluble fraction, respectively, in the roots and leaves. Additionally, the accumulation of Cd increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. The activities of three antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) increased significantly in response to Cd stress. The observed increase in the titratable acid content in the cytoplasm might lead to the enhanced chelation of Cd. The genes encoding several transporters related to Cd2+ transport and detoxification were expressed at higher levels in the transgenic poplars than in the WT plants. Our results suggest that overexpressing SpCTP3 in transgenic poplar plants promotes Cd accumulation, modulates Cd distribution and ROS homeostasis, and decreases Cd toxicity via organic acids. In conclusion, genetically modifying plants to overexpress SpCTP3 may be a viable strategy for improving the phytoremediation of Cd-polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaocui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Forestry Faculty, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renying Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenmin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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24
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Afshar AS, Abbaspour H. Mycorrhizal symbiosis alleviate salinity stress in pistachio plants by altering gene expression and antioxidant pathways. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:263-276. [PMID: 36875732 PMCID: PMC9981847 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated how inoculation of salt-stressed Pistacia vera seedlings with Rhizophagus irregularis, an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), affects their biomass, oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression. Pistachio seedlings (N:36) were randomly assigned to AMF inoculation and non-inoculation groups in a pot experiment with 9 replications. Each group was further divided and randomly assigned to two salinity treatments (0 and 300 mM NaCl). At the end of week 4, three pistachio plantlets were randomly selected from each group for Rhizophagus irregularis colonization inspection, physiological and biochemical assays, and biomass measurements. Salinity activated enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in the pistachio plants were studied. The negative effects of salinity included reduced biomass and relative water content (RWC), increased O2 ·-, H2O2, MDA, and electrolytic leakage. Generally, Rhizophagus irregularis was found to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity in pistachio seedlings. AMF inoculation resulted in even further increases in the activities of SODs, POD, CAT, and GR enzymes, upregulating Cu/Zn-SOD, Fe-SOD, Mn-SOD, and GR genes expression in plants under salinity stress. Moreover, AMF significantly increased AsA, α-tocopherol, and carotenoids under both control and salinity conditions. The study concludes with a call for future research into the mechanisms of mycorrhiza-induced tolerance in plants under salinity stress. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01279-8.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Abbaspour
- Department of Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Jiang Y, Yang J, Li M, Li Y, Zhou P, Wang Q, Sun Y, Zhu G, Wang Q, Zhang P, Rui Y, Lynch I. Effect of Silica-Based Nanomaterials on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12234160. [PMID: 36500783 PMCID: PMC9740595 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The application of nanomaterials (NMs) in agriculture has become a global concern in recent years. However, studies on their effects on plants are still limited. Here, we conducted a seed germination experiment for 5 days and a hydroponics experiment for 14 days to study the effects of silicon dioxide NMs(nSiO2) and silicon carbide NMs(nSiC) (0,10, 50, 200 mg/L) on rice (Oryza sativa L.). Bulk SiO2 (bSiO2) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) were used as controls. The results showed that nSiO2 and nSiC increased the shoot length (11-37%, 6-25%) and root length (17-87%, 59-207%) of germinating seeds, respectively, compared with the control. Similarly, inter-root exposure to nSiO2, bSiO2, and nSiC improved the activity of aboveground catalase (10-55%, 31-34%, and 13-51%) and increased the content of trace elements magnesium, copper, and zinc, thus promoting the photosynthesis of rice. However, Na2SiO3 at a concentration of 200 mg/L reduced the aboveground and root biomass of rice by 27-51% and 4-17%, respectively. This may be because excess silicon not only inhibited the activity of root antioxidant enzymes but also disrupted the balance of mineral elements. This finding provides a new basis for the effect of silica-based NMs promotion on seed germination and rice growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingshu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuanbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pingfan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Quanlong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guikai Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qibin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (Y.R.)
| | - Yukui Rui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- China Agricultural University Professor’s Workstation of Yuhuangmiao Town, Shanghe County, Jinan 250061, China
- China Agricultural University Professor’s Workstation of Sunji Town, Shanghe County, Jinan 250061, China
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (Y.R.)
| | - Iseult Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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26
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Receptor for Activated C Kinase1B (OsRACK1B) Impairs Fertility in Rice through NADPH-Dependent H2O2 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158455. [PMID: 35955593 PMCID: PMC9368841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The scaffold protein receptor for Activated C Kinase1 (RACK1) regulates multiple aspects of plants, including seed germination, growth, environmental stress responses, and flowering. Recent studies have revealed that RACK1 is associated with NADPH-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling in plants. ROS, as a double-edged sword, can modulate several developmental pathways in plants. Thus, the resulting physiological consequences of perturbing the RACK1 expression-induced ROS balance remain to be explored. Herein, we combined molecular, pharmacological, and ultrastructure analysis approaches to investigate the hypothesized connection using T-DNA-mediated activation-tagged RACK1B overexpressed (OX) transgenic rice plants. In this study, we find that OsRACK1B-OX plants display reduced pollen viability, defective anther dehiscence, and abnormal spikelet morphology, leading to partial spikelet sterility. Microscopic observation of the mature pollen grains from the OX plants revealed abnormalities in the exine and intine structures and decreased starch granules in the pollen, resulting in a reduced number of grains per locule from the OX rice plants as compared to that of the wild-type (WT). Histochemical staining revealed a global increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the leaves and roots of the transgenic lines overexpressing OsRACK1B compared to that of the WT. However, the elevated H2O2 in tissues from the OX plants can be reversed by pre-treatment with diphenylidonium (DPI), an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, indicating that the source of H2O2 could be, in part, NADPH oxidase. Expression analysis showed a differential expression of the NADPH/respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RbohD) and antioxidant enzyme-related genes, suggesting a homeostatic mechanism of H2O2 production and antioxidant enzyme activity. BiFC analysis demonstrated that OsRACK1B interacts with the N-terminal region of RbohD in vivo. Taken together, these data indicate that elevated OsRACK1B accumulates a threshold level of ROS, in this case H2O2, which negatively regulates pollen development and fertility. In conclusion, we hypothesized that an optimal expression of RACK1 is critical for fertility in rice plants.
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