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Mahmood Ur Rehman M, Liu J, Nijabat A, Alsudays IM, Saleh MA, Alamer KH, Attia H, Ziaf K, Zaman QU, Amjad M. Seed priming with potassium nitrate alleviates the high temperature stress by modulating growth and antioxidant potential in carrot seeds and seedlings. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:606. [PMID: 38926658 PMCID: PMC11201870 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Early season carrot (Daucus carota) production is being practiced in Punjab, Pakistan to meet the market demand but high temperature hampers the seed germination and seedling establishment which cause marked yield reduction. Seed priming with potassium nitrate breaks the seed dormancy and improves the seed germination and seedling growth potential but effects vary among the species and ecological conditions. The mechanism of KNO3 priming in high temperature stress tolerance is poorly understood yet. Thus, present study aimed to evaluate high temperature stress tolerance potential of carrot seeds primed with potassium nitrate and impacts on growth, physiological, and antioxidant defense systems. Carrot seeds of a local cultivar (T-29) were primed with various concentration of KNO3 (T0: unprimed (negative control), T1: hydroprimed (positive control), T2: 50 mM, T3:100mM, T4: 150 mM, T5: 200 mM, T6: 250 mM and T7: 300 mM) for 12 h each in darkness at 20 ± 2℃. Seed priming with 50 mM of KNO3 significantly enhanced the seed germination (36%), seedling growth (28%) with maximum seedling vigor (55%) and also exhibited 16.75% more carrot root biomass under high temperature stress as compared to respective control. Moreover, enzymatic activities including peroxidase, catalase, superoxidase dismutase, total phenolic contents, total antioxidants contents and physiological responses of plants were also improved in response to seed priming under high temperature stress. By increasing the level of KNO3, seed germination, growth and root biomass were reduced. These findings suggest that seed priming with 50 mM of KNO3 can be an effective strategy to improve germination, growth and yield of carrot cultivar (T-29) under high temperature stress in early cropping. This study also proposes that KNO3 may induces the stress memory by heritable modulations in chromosomal structure and methylation and acetylation of histones that may upregulate the hormonal and antioxidant activities to enhance the stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mahmood Ur Rehman
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Jizhan Liu
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Aneela Nijabat
- Department of Botany, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, 42200, Pakistan
| | - Ibtisam M Alsudays
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Burydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneera A Saleh
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid H Alamer
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Houneida Attia
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khurram Ziaf
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Qamar Uz Zaman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Amjad
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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Chen K, Hu Q, Ma X, Zhang X, Qian R, Zheng J. The effect of exogenous melatonin on waterlogging stress in Clematis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1385165. [PMID: 38957603 PMCID: PMC11217522 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1385165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Clematis is the queen of the vines, being an ornamental plant with high economic value. Waterlogging stress reduces the ornamental value of the plant and limits its application. Melatonin plays an important role in plant resistance to abiotic stresses. In this study, the physiological responses and gene expression levels of two wild species, namely, Clematis tientaiensis and Clematis lanuginosa, and two horticultural varieties, namely, 'Sen-No-Kaze' and 'Viva Polonia,' under waterlogging stress were analyzed to determine the effect of melatonin on waterlogging tolerance. The results showed that the waterlogging tolerances of C. lanuginosa and 'Sen-No-Kaze' were relatively poor, but were significantly improved by concentrations of 100 μmol·L-1 and 50 μmol·L-1 melatonin. C. tientaiensis and 'Viva Polonia' had relatively strong tolerance to waterlogging, and this was significantly improved by 200 μmol·L-1 melatonin. Under waterlogging stress, the relative conductivity and H2O2 content of Clematis increased significantly; the photosynthetic parameters and chlorophyll contents were significantly decreased; photosynthesis was inhibited; the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugars were decreased. Effective improvement of waterlogging tolerance after exogenous melatonin spraying, the relative conductivity was decreased by 4.05%-27.44%; the H2O2 content was decreased by 3.84%-23.28%; the chlorophyll content was increased by 35.59%-103.36%; the photosynthetic efficiency was increased by 25.42%-45.86%; the antioxidant enzyme activities of APX, POD, SOD, and CAT were increased by 28.03%-158.61%; the contents of proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugars were enhanced, and cell homeostasis was improved. Transcription sequencing was performed on wild Clematis with differences in waterlogging tolerance, and nine transcription factors were selected that were highly correlated with melatonin and that had the potential to improve waterlogging tolerance, among which LBD4, and MYB4 were significantly positively correlated with the antioxidant enzyme system, and bHLH36, DOF36, and WRKY4 were significantly negatively correlated. Photosynthetic capacity was positively correlated with DOF36 and WRKY4 while being significantly negatively correlated with MYB4, MOF1, DOF47, REV1 and ABR1. Melatonin could enhance the flooding tolerance of Clematis by improving photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidant enzyme activity. This study provides an important basis and reference for the application of melatonin in waterlogging-resistant breeding of Clematis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key laboratory of Resource Plant Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qingdi Hu
- Wenzhou Key laboratory of Resource Plant Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Ma
- Wenzhou Key laboratory of Resource Plant Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xule Zhang
- Wenzhou Key laboratory of Resource Plant Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Renjuan Qian
- Wenzhou Key laboratory of Resource Plant Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Wenzhou Key laboratory of Resource Plant Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
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Muhammad I, Ullah F, Ahmad S, AlMunqedhi BM, Al Farraj DA, Elshikh MS, Shen W. A meta-analysis of photosynthetic efficiency and stress mitigation by melatonin in enhancing wheat tolerance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:427. [PMID: 38769501 PMCID: PMC11106942 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05132-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our meta-analysis examines the effects of melatonin on wheat under varying abiotic stress conditions, focusing on photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf water status, and photosynthetic pigments. We initially collected 177 publications addressing the impact of melatonin on wheat. After meticulous screening, 31 published studies were selected, encompassing 170 observations on photosynthetic parameters, 73 on chlorophyll fluorescence, 65 on leaf water status, 240 on photosynthetic pigments. RESULTS The analysis revealed significant heterogeneity across studies (I² > 99.90%) for the aforementioned parameters and evidence of publication bias, emphasizing the complex interaction between melatonin application and plant physiological responses. Melatonin enhanced the overall response ratio (lnRR) for photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance, transpiration rates, and fluorescence yields by 20.49, 22.39, 30.96, and 1.09%, respectively, compared to the control (no melatonin). The most notable effects were under controlled environmental conditions. Moreover, melatonin significantly improved leaf water content and reduced water potential, particularly under hydroponic conditions and varied abiotic stresses, highlighting its role in mitigating water stress. The analysis also revealed increases in chlorophyll pigments with soil drenching and foliar spray, and these were considered the effective application methods. Furthermore, melatonin influenced chlorophyll SPAD and intercellular CO2 concentrations, suggesting its capacity to optimize photosynthetic efficiency. CONCLUSIONS This synthesis of meta-analysis confirms that melatonin significantly enhances wheat's resilience to abiotic stress by improving photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf water status, and photosynthetic pigments. Despite observed heterogeneity and publication bias, the consistent beneficial effects of melatonin, particularly under controlled conditions with specific application methods e.g. soil drenching and foliar spray, demonstrate its utility as a plant growth regulator for stress management. These findings encourage focused research and application strategies to maximize the benefits of melatonin in wheat farming, and thus contributing to sustainable agricultural practices.
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Grants
- RSP2024R190 Researchers supporting project, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- RSP2024R190 Researchers supporting project, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- RSP2024R190 Researchers supporting project, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- 32271847 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 31425005 Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province
- A3360051012 Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Special Project, and the Junwu Scholarship of Guangxi University
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Muhammad
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Xixiangtang District, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Fahim Ullah
- Department of Plant Breading and Genetics, The University of Agriculture Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Bandar M AlMunqedhi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dunia A Al Farraj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Weijun Shen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Xixiangtang District, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
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Tiwari K, Tripathi S, Mahra S, Mathew S, Rana S, Tripathi DK, Sharma S. Carrier-based delivery system of phytohormones in plants: stepping outside of the ordinary. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14387. [PMID: 38925551 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is increasing the stresses on crops, resulting in reduced productivity and further augmenting global food security issues. The dynamic climatic conditions are a severe threat to the sustainability of the ecosystems. The role of technology in enhancing agricultural produce with the minimum environmental impact is hence crucial. Active molecule/Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are molecules helping plants' growth, development, and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, their degradation, leaching in surrounding soil and ground water, as well as the assessment of the correct dose of application etc., are some of the technical disadvantages faced. They can be resolved by encapsulation/loading of PGRs on polymer matrices. Micro/nanoencapsulation is a revolutionary tool to deliver bioactive compounds in an economically affordable and environmentally friendly way. Carrier-based smart delivery systems could be a better alternative to PGRs application in the agriculture field than conventional methods (e.g., spraying). The physiochemical properties and release kinetics of PGRs from the encapsulating system are being explored. Therefore, the present review emphasizes the current status of PGRs encapsulation approach and their potential benefits to plants. This review also addressed the mechanistic action of carrier-based delivery systems for release, which may aid in developing smart delivery systems with specific tailored properties in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India
| | - Sneha Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India
| | - Shivani Mahra
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India
| | - Sobhitha Mathew
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India
| | - Shweta Rana
- Department of Physical and Natural Sciences, FLAME University Pune, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India
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Zhao W, Xiao J, Lin G, Peng Q, Chu S. Morphological and physiological response of amphibious Rotala rotundifolia from emergent to submerged form. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:279-291. [PMID: 38270713 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01521-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Rotala rotundifolia is an amphibious aquatic plant that can live in submerged and emergent forms. It is superior in nitrogen and phosphorus removal. To elucidate its adaptation strategies from emergent to submerged conditions, phenotypic and physiological responses of R. rotundifolia were investigated during three months of submergence, at water levels of 0 cm (CK), 50 cm (W50), and 90 cm (W90). Results showed that submergence stress reduced the relative growth rate of plant height, fresh weight, and biomass accumulation, leading to root degradation and a significant decline in the root-shoot ratio. The amounts of soluble protein (SP), soluble sugar (SS), and starch in the aerial leaves of W50 and W90 decreased during the early stages of submergence compared to CK, whereas the total chlorophyll and proline contents, and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) increased. The contents of endogenous hormones, including abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), decreased during the change in leaf shape; the decline in ABA was more obvious. The leaf primordium generated transition leaves and submerged leaves to resolve the "carbon starvation" of plants. The maximum values of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in the leaves of W50 and W90 occurred at day 30, reaching 14.0 mg g- 1and 10.5 mg g- 1, respectively. The contents of SP and starch, activities of SOD and CAT of the roots in submerged treatments increased, while SS and proline content decreased at day 7. These results demonstrated that developing heterophyllous leaves, increasing chlorophyll content, and regulating plant carbon allocation and consumption were important mechanisms of R. rotundifolia to adapt to underwater habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangai Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, South Campus, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Jibo Xiao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, South Campus, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
- Institute for Eco-environmental Research of Sanyang Wetland, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Guo Lin
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, South Campus, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Qianqian Peng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, South Campus, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Shuyi Chu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, South Campus, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China.
- Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Wenzhou, 325006, China.
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Bolat I, Korkmaz K, Dogan M, Turan M, Kaya C, Seyed Hajizadeh H, Kaya O. Enhancing drought, heat shock, and combined stress tolerance in Myrobalan 29C rootstocks with foliar application of potassium nitrate. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:140. [PMID: 38413882 PMCID: PMC10898176 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04811-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought and heat stress are significant concerns to food security in arid and semi-arid regions, where global warming is predicted to increase both frequency and severity. To cope with these challenges, the use of drought-tolerant plants or technological interventions are essential. In this study, the effects of foliar potassium nitrate (KNO3) application on the stress tolerance and recovery of Myrobalan 29C rootstocks (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) were evaluated. These rootstocks are widely recognized for their adaptability and are extensively used in fruit production. To assess their response, the rootstocks were subjected to drought, heat shock, or a combination of both stressors. Additionally, they were treated with 1.0% KNO3 via foliar application. Throughout the stress and recovery periods, various morphological, physiological, and bio-chemical parameters were measured. RESULTS Based on our results, KNO3 treatment improved LRWC, Chl stability, SC, and key stress markers like proline, MDA, H2O2, along with antioxidant enzymes CAT, SOD, POD during both stress and recovery phases. Moreover, our results emphasized KNO3's critical role in hormone regulation under stress. KNO3 application significantly altered hormone levels, notably increasing ABA during drought and heat shock stress, essential for stress response and adaptation. In contrast, IAA, GA, and cytokinin's significantly increased during the recovery phase in KNO3-treated plants, indicating improved growth regulation and stress recovery. In addition, KNO3 application improved the recovery process of the rootstocks by restoring their physiological and biochemical functions. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the application of foliar KNO3 is an effective technique for enhancing the drought and heat tolerance as well as the recovery of Myrobalan 29C rootstocks. These results hold significant value for farmers, policymakers, and researchers, as they offer crucial insights into the development of drought-tolerant crops and the management of climate change's adverse effects on agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Bolat
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Türkiye
| | - Kubra Korkmaz
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Horticulture, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Türkiye
| | - Meral Dogan
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Horticulture, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Türkiye
| | - Metin Turan
- Faculty of Economy and Administrative Science, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Türkiye
| | - Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Türkiye.
| | - Hanifeh Seyed Hajizadeh
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, 55136-553, Iran.
| | - Ozkan Kaya
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Erzincan Horticultural Research Institute, Erzincan, 24060, Türkiye.
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA.
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Feng D, Wang L, Ning S, Peng D, Xu H, Sun C, Sun X. Exogenous Chemicals Used to Alleviate or Salvage Plants under Flooding/Waterlogging Stress: Their Biochemical Effects and Perspectives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:65-79. [PMID: 38135656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant flooding/waterlogging stress (FWS) can be a threat to food security worldwide due to climate change. To mitigate its potential devastation, numerous exogenous chemicals (ECs) have been used to demonstrate their effectiveness on alleviating FWS for the last 20 years. This review has summarized the most recent findings on use of various ECs as either nutrients or regulatory substances on crop plants under FWS and their roles involved in improving root respiration of seedlings, optimizing nutritional status, synthesizing osmotic regulators, enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, adjusting phytohormone levels, maintaining photosynthetic systems, and activating flood-tolerance related gene expressions. The effect of ESs on alleviating plants under FWS proves to be beneficial and useful but rather limited unless they are applied on appropriate crops, at the right time, and with optimized methods. Further research should be focused on use of ESs in field settings and on their potential synergetic effect for more FWS tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Feng
- Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong 262700, China
| | - Lingyue Wang
- Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong 262700, China
| | - Songrui Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dianliang Peng
- Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong 262700, China
| | - Haicheng Xu
- Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong 262700, China
| | - Chitao Sun
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoan Sun
- Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong 262700, China
- Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
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Wang Q, Shan C, Zhang P, Zhao W, Zhu G, Sun Y, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Shakoor N, Rui Y. The combination of nanotechnology and potassium: applications in agriculture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:1890-1906. [PMID: 38079036 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Potassium fertilizer is indispensable for ensuring crop production, which in turn supports global food supply and safe farming practices. Potassium resources are primarily located in the Northern Hemisphere, leading to a current shortage of affordable potash and severe soil deficiencies in certain regions of the Southern Hemisphere. There is a shift away from mined salts in favor of locally available potassium resources. Utilizing potassium-rich silicates, for instance, could be a viable option to address this situation. The imperative of enhancing crop productivity and quality necessitates either increasing potassium availability or utilizing potassium more efficiently. Geneticists may find the development of plants that use potassium more effectively to be a valuable pursuit. Nanomaterials are increasingly becoming part of people's professional lives as a novel material category. This technology is gradually finding applications in agriculture to boost crop yields while reducing environmental pollution. This paper reviews the applications of common potassium-containing materials, explores the effects and mechanisms of nano-fertilizers on plants, and offers insights into future applications of nano-potassium fertilizers in agriculture. All in all, the application of nanotechnology in the production and utilization of potassium fertilizers is both necessary and effective. However, there are still many gaps in the current field of nano-potassium fertilizer application that require further research. It is hoped that this review can serve as a valuable reference for researchers working in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Chen Shan
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Weichen Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guikai Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Quanlong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yaqi Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Noman Shakoor
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yukui Rui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
- China Agricultural University Professor Workstation of Yuhuangmiao Town, Shanghe County, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- China Agricultural University Professor Workstation of Sunji Town, Shanghe County, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Lian H, Li R, Ma G, Zhao Z, Zhang T, Li M. The effect of Trichoderma harzianum agents on physiological-biochemical characteristics of cucumber and the control effect against Fusarium wilt. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17606. [PMID: 37848461 PMCID: PMC10582011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
At the seedling and adult plant phases, pot experiments were carried out to enhance the physiological-biochemical characteristics of cucumber, guarantee its high yield, and ensure its cultivation of quality. Trichoderma harzianum conidia agents at 104, 105, 106, and 107 cfu g-1 were applied in accordance with the application of Fusarium oxysporum powder at concentrations of 104 cfu/g on the protective enzyme activity, physiological and biochemical indices, seedling quality, resilience to Fusarium wilt, quality, and yield traits. Fusarium oxysporum powder at 104 cfu g-1 was used to treat CK1, while Fusarium oxysporum powder and T. harzianum conidia agents were not used to treat CK2. The results show that different T. harzianum agents improved the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) in cucumber seedlings, improved chlorophyll content, root activity, root-shoot ratio, and seedling strength index, and decreased malondialdehyde (MAD) content (P < 0.05). T3, a combination of 104 cfu g-1 Fusarium oxysporum powder and 106 cfu g-1 T. harzianum conidia agents, had the greatest promoting effect. The effects of different T. harzianum conidia agents and their application amounts on the control of cucumber Fusarium wilt were explored. T3 had the best promotion impact, and the control effect of cucumber Fusarium wilt at seedling stage and adult stage reached 83.98% and 70.08%, respectively. The quality index and yield formation of cucumber were also increased by several T. harzianum agents, with T3 having the strongest promotion effects. In comparison to CK1, the soluble sugar, Vc, soluble protein, and soluble solid contents of T3 cucumber fruit were 120.75%, 39.14%, 42.26%, and 11.64% higher (P < 0.05), respectively. In comparison to CK2, the soluble sugar, Vc, soluble protein, and soluble solid contents of T3 cucumber fruit were 66.06%, 24.28%, 36.15%, and 7.95% higher (P < 0.05), respectively. In comparison to CK1 and CK2, the yields of T3 cucumber were 50.19% and 35.86% higher, respectively. As a result, T. harzianum agents can enhance the physiological and biochemical traits of cucumber seedlings, raise the quality of cucumber seedlings, have a controlling impact on Fusarium wilt, and increase the yield and quality of cucumber fruit. The greatest effectiveness of T3 comes from its use. In this study, Trichoderma harzianum conidia agents demonstrated good impacts on cucumber yield formation and plant disease prevention, demonstrating their high potential as biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Lian
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Runzhe Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guangshu Ma
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Zhenghan Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mei Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Intergrated Pest Management in Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100193, China.
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10
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Tanin MJ, Sharma A, Ram H, Singh S, Srivastava P, Mavi GS, Saini DK, Gudi S, Kumar P, Goyal P, Sohu VS. Application of potassium nitrate and salicylic acid improves grain yield and related traits by delaying leaf senescence in Gpc-B1 carrying advanced wheat genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1107705. [PMID: 37528976 PMCID: PMC10389087 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1107705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Grain protein content (GPC) is an important quality trait that effectively modulates end-use quality and nutritional characteristics of wheat flour-based food products. The Gpc-B1 gene is responsible for the higher protein content in wheat grain. In addition to higher GPC, the Gpc-B1 is also generally associated with reduced grain filling period which eventually causes the yield penalty in wheat. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of potassium nitrate (PN) and salicylic acid (SA) on the physiological characteristics of a set of twelve genotypes, including nine isogenic wheat lines carrying the Gpc-B1 gene and three elite wheat varieties with no Gpc-B1 gene, grown at wheat experimental area of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PAU, Punjab, India. The PN application significantly increased the number of grains per spike (GPS) by 6.42 grains, number of days to maturity (DTM) by 1.03 days, 1000-grain weight (TGW) by 1.97 g and yield per plot (YPP) by 0.2 kg/plot. As a result of PN spray, the flag leaf chlorophyll content was significantly enhanced by 2.35 CCI at anthesis stage and by 1.96 CCI at 10 days after anthesis in all the tested genotypes. Furthermore, the PN application also significantly increased the flag leaf nitrogen content by an average of 0.52% at booting stage and by 0.35% at both anthesis and 10 days after anthesis in all the evaluated genotypes. In addition, the yellow peduncle colour at 30 days after anthesis was also increased by 19.08% while the straw nitrogen content was improved by 0.17% in all the genotypes. The preliminary experiment conducted using SA demonstrated a significant increase in DTM and other yield component traits. The DTM increased by an average of 2.31 days, GPS enhanced by approximately 3.17 grains, TGW improved by 1.13g, and YPP increased by 0.21 kg/plot. The foliar application of PN and SA had no significant effect on GPC itself. The findings of the present study suggests that applications of PN and SA can effectively mitigate the yield penalty associated with Gpc-B1 gene by extending grain filling period in the wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Achla Sharma
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Jafar Tanin, ; Achla Sharma,
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11
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Wang L, Tanveer M. Editorial to the Special Issue "Eco-Physiological and Molecular Basis of Stress Tolerance in Plants". BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030485. [PMID: 36979176 PMCID: PMC10045121 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Farmers are currently facing the challenge of producing sufficient crop yield [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
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12
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Jalili S, Ehsanpour AA, Morteza Javadirad S. Melatonin improves salt tolerance of in vitro root culture of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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13
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Nasar J, Wang GY, Zhou FJ, Gitari H, Zhou XB, Tabl KM, Hasan ME, Ali H, Waqas MM, Ali I, Jahan MS. Nitrogen fertilization coupled with foliar application of iron and molybdenum improves shade tolerance of soybean under maize-soybean intercropping. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1014640. [PMID: 36267939 PMCID: PMC9577300 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1014640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Maize-soybean intercropping is practiced worldwide because of some of the anticipated advantages such as high crop yield and better utilization of resources (i.e., water, light, nutrients and land). However, the shade of the maize crop has a detrimental effect on the growth and yield of soybean under the maize-soybean intercropping system. Hence, this experiment was conducted to improve the shade tolerance of such soybean crops with optimal nitrogen (N) fertilization combined with foliar application of iron (Fe) and molybdenum (Mo). The treatments comprised five (5) maize-soybean intercropping practices: without fertilizer application (F0), with N fertilizer application (F1), with N fertilizer combined with foliar application of Fe (F2), with N fertilizer coupled with foliar application of Mo (F3) and with N fertilizer combined with foliar application of Fe and Mo (F4). The findings of this study showed that maize-soybean intercropping under F4 treatment had significantly (p< 0.05) increased growth indices such as leaf area (cm2), plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), stem strength (g pot-1), and internode length (cm) and yield indices (i.e., No of pods plant-1, grain yield (g plant-1), 100-grain weight (g), and biomass dry matter (g plant-1)) of the soybean crop. Moreover, intercropping under F4 treatment enhanced the chlorophyll SPAD values by 26% and photosynthetic activities such as Pn by 30%, gs by 28%, and Tr by 28% of the soybean crops, but reduced its CO2 by 11%. Furthermore, maize-soybean intercropping under F4 treatment showed improved efficiency of leaf chlorophyll florescence parameters of soybean crops such as Fv/Fm (26%), qp (17%), ϕPSII (20%), and ETR (17%), but reduced NPQ (12%). In addition, the rubisco activity and soluble protein content of the soybean crop increased by 18% in maize-soybean intercropping under F4 treatment. Thus, this suggested that intercropping under optimal N fertilization combined with foliar application of Fe and Mo can improve the shade tolerance of soybean crops by regulating their chlorophyll content, photosynthetic activities, and the associated enzymes, thereby enhancing their yield and yield traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Nasar
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agro-products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Gui Yang Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agro-products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Feng Jue Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agro-products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Harun Gitari
- Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Enterprise Development, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Xun Bo Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agro-products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Karim M. Tabl
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Hasan
- Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Habib Ali
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim, Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohsin Waqas
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim, Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Izhar Ali
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agro-products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Mohammad Shah Jahan
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Melatonin Application Alleviates Stress-Induced Photosynthetic Inhibition and Oxidative Damage by Regulating Antioxidant Defense System of Maize: A Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030512. [PMID: 35326162 PMCID: PMC8944576 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is effective in modulating metabolism and regulating growth and development in many plants under biotic and abiotic stress. However, there is no systematic quantification of melatonin effects on maize growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll content, and the antioxidant defense system. A meta-analysis was conducted on thirty-two currently available published articles to evaluate the effect of stress types, study types, and maize varieties on response ratio (lnRR++) of “melatonin” to “control (no melatonin)” on plant growth, enzyme activities, gas exchange parameters, and photosynthetic pigments. Our findings revealed that melatonin application overall increased plant height, leaf area, root length, fresh and dry root weight and shoot weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxide (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), soluble sugar and protein, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll, and carotenoid in maize leaf under stress conditions. In contrast, melatonin application decreased the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2−), malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage. The categorical meta-analysis demonstrated that melatonin application to chilling stress resulted in higher SOD activity followed by salt stress. Melatonin application to all stress types resulted in higher POD, CAT and APX activities, except Cd stress, which had no effect on POD and decreased CAT by 38% compared to control. Compared to control, melatonin resulted in lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) and electrolyte leakage under no stress, Cd, drought, salt, lead, heat, and chilling stress in all study types (pot, growth chamber, hydroponic, and field), except O2 content which was not affected in pot and growth chamber studies. It was concluded that melatonin alleviates oxidative damage by improving stress tolerance, regulating the antioxidant defense system, and increasing leaf chlorophyll content compared to control.
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Ahmad S, Wang GY, Muhammad I, Chi YX, Zeeshan M, Nasar J, Zhou XB. Interactive Effects of Melatonin and Nitrogen Improve Drought Tolerance of Maize Seedlings by Regulating Growth and Physiochemical Attributes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020359. [PMID: 35204247 PMCID: PMC8869313 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin plays an important role in numerous vital life processes of animals and has recently captured the interests of plant biologists because of its potent role in plants. As well as its possible contribution to photoperiodic processes, melatonin is believed to act as a growth regulator and/or as a direct free radical scavenger/indirect antioxidant. However, identifying a precise concentration of melatonin with an optimum nitrogen level for a particular application method to improve plant growth requires identification and clarification. This work establishes inimitable findings by optimizing the application of melatonin with an optimum level of nitrogen, alleviating the detrimental effects of drought stress in maize seedlings. Maize seedlings were subjected to drought stress of 40–45% field capacity (FC) at the five-leaf stage, followed by a soil drenching of melatonin 100 µM and three nitrogen levels (200, 250, and 300 kg ha−1) to consider the changes in maize seedling growth. Our results showed that drought stress significantly inhibited the physiological and biochemical parameters of maize seedlings. However, the application of melatonin with nitrogen remarkably improved the plant growth attributes, chlorophyll pigments, fluorescence, and gas exchange parameters. Moreover, melatonin and nitrogen application profoundly reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation by increasing maize antioxidant and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities under drought-stress conditions. It was concluded that the mitigating potential of 100 µM melatonin with an optimum level of nitrogen (250 kg N ha−1) improves the plant growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and enzymatic activity of maize seedling under drought-stress conditions.
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