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Chen T, Sun C, Abbas SC, Alam N, Qiang S, Tian X, Fu C, Zhang H, Xia Y, Liu L, Ni Y, Jiang X. Multi-dimensional microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) for noninvasive testing: A review of structural design and applications. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1321:342877. [PMID: 39155092 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The rapid emergence of microfluidic paper-based devices as point-of-care testing (POCT) tools for early disease diagnosis and health monitoring, particularly in resource-limited areas, holds immense potential for enhancing healthcare accessibility. Leveraging the numerous advantages of paper, such as capillary-driven flow, porous structure, hydrophilic functional groups, biodegradability, cost-effectiveness, and flexibility, it has become a pivotal choice for microfluidic substrates. The repertoire of microfluidic paper-based devices includes one-dimensional lateral flow assays (1D LFAs), two-dimensional microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (2D μPADs), and three-dimensional (3D) μPADs. In this comprehensive review, we provide and examine crucial information related to paper substrates, design strategies, and detection methods in multi-dimensional microfluidic paper-based devices. We also investigate potential applications of microfluidic paper-based devices for detecting viruses, metabolites and hormones in non-invasive samples such as human saliva, sweat and urine. Additionally, we delve into capillary-driven flow alternative theoretical models of fluids within the paper to provide guidance. Finally, we critically examine the potential for future developments and address challenges for multi-dimensional microfluidic paper-based devices in advancing noninvasive early diagnosis and health monitoring. This article showcases their transformative impact on healthcare, paving the way for enhanced medical services worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China; Limerick Pulp & Paper Centre & Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Ce Sun
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Syed Comail Abbas
- Limerick Pulp & Paper Centre & Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada; Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Nur Alam
- Limerick Pulp & Paper Centre & Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Sheng Qiang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xiuzhi Tian
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Chenglong Fu
- Limerick Pulp & Paper Centre & Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China; Limerick Pulp & Paper Centre & Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Yuanyuan Xia
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China; Limerick Pulp & Paper Centre & Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Liu Liu
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Yonghao Ni
- Limerick Pulp & Paper Centre & Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada; Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
| | - Xue Jiang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
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Chen CH, Huang RL, Liu CC, Hong C, Chen Y, Shen CF, Cheng CM. Paper-Based procalcitonin and Interleukin-6 test strip with Spectrum-Based optical reader for enterovirus severity differentiation in children. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 565:119942. [PMID: 39214397 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Infectious diseases significantly impact global health, necessitating prompt diagnosis to mitigate life-threatening sepsis risk. Identifying patients at risk of severe neurological complications from enterovirus infections is challenging due to nonspecific initial presentations. Point-of-care testing (POCT) has emerged as a transformative tool, with low-cost lateral-flow colorimetric assays showing promise in deployable POCT devices. We developed a PCT/IL-6 rapid diagnostic system integrating lateral flow assay (LFA) test strips and a portable optical spectrum reader, allowing simultaneous semi-quantitative measurement of serum PCT and IL-6 within 30 min at the point of care. The system demonstrated a strong correlation with traditional ELISA and effectively differentiated severe pediatric enterovirus cases using serum samples. IL-6 showed superior discriminatory ability over PCT in identifying patients with severe neurological complications. This novel diagnostic platform holds great potential for early sepsis recognition and infectious disease management, especially in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Han Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Ling Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | | | - Yunching Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fen Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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Baruah S, Betty CA. Point of care devices for detection of Covid-19, malaria and dengue infections: A review. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 158:108704. [PMID: 38593574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Need for affordable, rapid and user-friendly point of care (POC) devices are increasing exponentially for strengthening the health care system in primary care as well as for self- monitoring in routine analysis. In addition to routine analysis of glucose, Covid-19 type fast spreading, infectious diseases have created further push for exploring rapid, cost-effective and self-monitoring diagnostic devices. Successful implementation of self-monitoring devices for Covid -19 has been realized. However, not much success has been realized for malaria and dengue which are two fatal diseases that affect the population in underdeveloped and developing countries. To monitor the presence of parasites for these diseases, rapid, onsite monitoring devices are still being explored. In this review, we present a review of the research carried out on electrochemical POC devices for monitoring infectious diseases such as Covid-19, malaria and dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Baruah
- Nanoscience and Soft Matter Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tezpur University, PO: Napaam, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - C A Betty
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
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Moro V, Canals J, Moreno S, Higgins-Wood S, Alonso O, Waag A, Prades JD, Dieguez A. Fluorescence Multi-Detection Device Using a Lensless Matrix Addressable microLED Array. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:264. [PMID: 38920568 PMCID: PMC11202237 DOI: 10.3390/bios14060264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
A Point-of-Care system for molecular diagnosis (PoC-MD) is described, combining GaN and CMOS chips. The device is a micro-system for fluorescence measurements, capable of analyzing both intensity and lifetime. It consists of a hybrid micro-structure based on a 32 × 32 matrix addressable GaN microLED array, with square LEDs of 50 µm edge length and 100 µm pitch, with an underneath wire bonded custom chip integrating their drivers and placed face-to-face to an array of 16 × 16 single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) CMOS. This approach replaces instrumentation based on lasers, bulky optical components, and discrete electronics with a full hybrid micro-system, enabling measurements on 32 × 32 spots. The reported system is suitable for long lifetime (>10 ns) fluorophores with a limit of detection ~1/4 µM. Proof-of-concept measurements of streptavidin conjugate Qdot™ 605 and Amino PEG Qdot™ 705 are demonstrated, along with the device ability to detect both fluorophores in the same measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Moro
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (S.M.); (O.A.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Joan Canals
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (S.M.); (O.A.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Sergio Moreno
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (S.M.); (O.A.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Steffen Higgins-Wood
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, Technical University of Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (S.H.-W.); (A.W.)
| | - Oscar Alonso
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (S.M.); (O.A.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Andreas Waag
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, Technical University of Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (S.H.-W.); (A.W.)
| | - J. Daniel Prades
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (S.M.); (O.A.); (J.D.P.)
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, Technical University of Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (S.H.-W.); (A.W.)
| | - Angel Dieguez
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (S.M.); (O.A.); (J.D.P.)
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Mahapatra S, Kumari R, Chandra P. Printed circuit boards: system automation and alternative matrix for biosensing. Trends Biotechnol 2024; 42:591-611. [PMID: 38052681 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Circuit integration has revolutionized the diagnostic sector by improving the sensing ability and rapidity of biosensors. Bioelectronics has led to the development of point-of-care (PoC) devices, offering superior performance compared with conventional biosensing systems. These devices have lower production costs, are smaller, and have greater reproducibility, enabling the construction of compact sensing modules. Flexible upgrades to the fabrication pattern of the printed circuit board (PCB) remains the most reliable and consistent means so far, offering portability, wearability, a lower detection limit, and smart output integration to these devices. This review summarizes the advances in PCB technology for biosensing devices for introducing automation and their emerging application as an alternative matrix material for detecting various analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supratim Mahapatra
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Rohini Kumari
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Pranjal Chandra
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India.
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Lee M, Rafiq Sayyed D, Kim H, Sanchez JC, Sik Hong S, Choi S, Kim H, Han E, Won Kang H, Min Kim J, Joan M, Kim H, Chae H, Park JM. A comprehensive Exdia TRF-LFIA for simultaneous quantification of GFAP and NT-proBNP in distinguishing ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 557:117872. [PMID: 38471630 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to create a highly sensitive time-resolved fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay (TRF-LFIA) capable of concurrently measuring glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and the N-terminal fragment of B-type natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP). This assay is designed as a diagnostic tool and aims to provide an algorithm for stroke management, specifically for distinguishing between Ischemic stroke (IS) and Hemorrhagic stroke (HS). However, LFIA to quantify simultaneous serum NT-proBNP and GFAP are not yet available. We have developed and validated a novel TRF-LFIA for the simultaneous quantitative detection of NT-proBNP and GFAP. The sensitivity and reproducibility of the immunoassay were significantly improved by employing specific monoclonal antibodies linked to europium nanoparticles (EuNPs) that specifically target NT-proBNP and GFAP. The detection area on the nitrocellulose membrane featured sandwich-style complexes containing two test lines for NT-proBNP and GFAP, and one Control line. The fluorescence intensity of these test lines and control line was measured using an in-house developed Exdia TRF-Plus analyzer. As proof-of-concept, we enrolled patients suspected of having a stroke who were admitted within a specific time frame (6 h). A small amount of clinical specimen (serum) was used. To optimize the LFIA, an EuNPs conjugated antibodies were investigated to improve the detection sensitivity and decrease the background signal as well shorten the detection time. The Exdia TRF-LFIA cartridge offers a wide linear dynamic detection range, rapid detection, high sensitivity, and specificity. The limit of detection was determined to be 98 pg/mL for NT-proBNP and 68 pg/mL for GFAP, with minimal cross-reactivity. There were 200 clinical human serum samples that were used to evaluate this platform with high correlation. By combining the results of NT-proBNP and GFAP, we formulated an algorithm for the clinical assessment of Ischemic Stroke (IS) and Hemorrhagic Stroke (HS). According to our proposed algorithm, the combination of GFAP and NT-proBNP emerged as the most effective biomarker combination for distinguishing between IS and HS. Exdia TRF-LFIA shows great potential as a supplemental method for in vitro diagnostics in the laboratory or in other point-of-care testing (POCT) applications. Its development substantially decreases the diagnosis time for IS and HS. The proposed algorithm not only minimizes treatment delays but also lowers medical costs for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minki Lee
- Precision Biosensor, 306, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34036, South Korea
| | | | - Hyejeong Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sung Sik Hong
- Precision Biosensor, 306, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34036, South Korea
| | - Sehee Choi
- Precision Biosensor, 306, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34036, South Korea
| | - Hyunghoon Kim
- Precision Biosensor, 306, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34036, South Korea
| | - Eunhee Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Kang
- Precision Biosensor, 306, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34036, South Korea
| | - Jeong Min Kim
- Precision Biosensor, 306, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34036, South Korea
| | - Montaner Joan
- ABCDx, Avenue de Sécheron 15, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hanshin Kim
- Precision Biosensor, 306, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34036, South Korea
| | - Hyojin Chae
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Myeon Park
- Precision Biosensor, 306, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34036, South Korea.
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Chen Y, Sun X, Duan Y, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhu Y. Lightweight semantic segmentation network for tumor cell nuclei and skin lesion. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1254705. [PMID: 38601757 PMCID: PMC11005060 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1254705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the field of medical image segmentation, achieving fast and accurate semantic segmentation of tumor cell nuclei and skin lesions is of significant importance. However, the considerable variations in skin lesion forms and cell types pose challenges to attaining high network accuracy and robustness. Additionally, as network depth increases, the growing parameter size and computational complexity make practical implementation difficult. To address these issues, this paper proposes MD-UNet, a fast cell nucleus segmentation network that integrates Tokenized Multi-Layer Perceptron modules, attention mechanisms, and Inception structures. Firstly, tokenized MLP modules are employed to label and project convolutional features, reducing computational complexity. Secondly, the paper introduces Depthwise Attention blocks and Multi-layer Feature Extraction modules. The Depthwise Attention blocks eliminate irrelevant and noisy responses from coarse-scale extracted information, serving as alternatives to skip connections in the UNet architecture. The Multi-layer Feature Extraction modules capture a wider range of high-level and low-level semantic features during decoding and facilitate feature fusion. The proposed MD-UNet approach is evaluated on two datasets: the International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC2018) dataset and the PanNuke dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that MD-UNet achieves the best performance on both datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Duan
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yongliang Wang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Junkai Zhang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yuemin Zhu
- INSA Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1294, Lyon, France
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Orwig T, Sutaria S, Wang Z, Howard-Wilson S, Dunlap D, Lilly CM, Buchholz B, McManus DD, Hafer N. Sampling of healthcare professionals' perspective on point-of-care technologies from 2019-2021: A survey of benefits, concerns, and development. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299516. [PMID: 38457401 PMCID: PMC10923439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Point-of-care technology (POCT) plays a vital role in modern healthcare by providing a fast diagnosis, improving patient management, and extending healthcare access to remote and resource-limited areas. The objective of this study was to understand how healthcare professionals in the United States perceived POCTs during 2019-2021 to assess the decision-making process of implementing these newer technologies into everyday practice. A 5-point Likert scale survey was sent to respondents to evaluate their perceptions of benefits, concerns, characteristics, and development of point-of-care technologies. The 2021 survey was distributed November 1st, 2021- February 15th, 2022, with a total of 168 independent survey responses received. Of the respondents, 59% identified as male, 73% were white, and 48% have been in practice for over 20 years. The results showed that most agreed that POCTs improve patient management (94%) and improve clinician confidence in decision making (92%). Healthcare professionals were most concerned with potentially not being reimbursed for the cost of the POCT (37%). When asked to rank the top 3 important characteristics of POCT, respondents chose accuracy, ease of use, and availability. It is important to note this survey was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve an even greater representation of healthcare professionals' point of view on POCTs, further work to obtain responses from a larger, more diverse population of providers is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Orwig
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
| | - Shiv Sutaria
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
| | - Sakeina Howard-Wilson
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
| | - Denise Dunlap
- Manning School of Business, UMass Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States of America
| | - Craig M. Lilly
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bryan Buchholz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UMass Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States of America
| | - David D. McManus
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel Hafer
- UMass Center for Clinical and Translational Science, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
- Program in Molecular Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
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Green A, Wegman ME, Ney JP. Economic review of point-of-care EEG. J Med Econ 2024; 27:51-61. [PMID: 38014443 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2023.2288422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Point-of-care electroencephalogram (POC-EEG) is an acute care bedside screening tool for the identification of nonconvulsive seizures (NCS) and nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE). The objective of this narrative review is to describe the economic themes related to POC-EEG in the United States (US).Materials and methods: We examined peer-reviewed, published manuscripts on the economic findings of POC-EEG for bedside use in US hospitals, which included those found through targeted searches on PubMed and Google Scholar. Conference abstracts, gray literature offerings, frank advertisements, white papers, and studies conducted outside the US were excluded.Results: Twelve manuscripts were identified and reviewed; results were then grouped into four categories of economic evidence. First, POC-EEG usage was associated with clinical management amendments and antiseizure medication reductions. Second, POC-EEG was correlated with fewer unnecessary transfers to other facilities for monitoring and reduced hospital length of stay (LOS). Third, when identifying NCS or NCSE onsite, POC-EEG was associated with greater reimbursement in Medical Severity-Diagnosis Related Group coding. Fourth, POC-EEG may lower labor costs via decreasing after-hours requests to EEG technologists for conventional EEG (convEEG).Limitations: We conducted a narrative review, not a systematic review. The studies were observational and utilized one rapid circumferential headband system, which limited generalizability of the findings and indicated publication bias. Some sample sizes were small and hospital characteristics may not represent all US hospitals. POC-EEG studies in pediatric populations were also lacking. Ultimately, further research is justified.Conclusions: POC-EEG is a rapid screening tool for NCS and NCSE in critical care and emergency medicine with potential financial benefits through refining clinical management, reducing unnecessary patient transfers and hospital LOS, improving reimbursement, and mitigating burdens on healthcare staff and hospitals. Since POC-EEG has limitations (i.e. no video component and reduced montage), the studies asserted that it did not replace convEEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Green
- Critical Care Medicine, Cooper University Health Care and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - M Elizabeth Wegman
- Medical Communications, Costello Medical Consulting, Inc, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John P Ney
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Louw CJ, de Haan P, Verpoorte E, Baker P. Efficient Electrochemiluminescence Sensing in Microfluidic Biosensors: A Review. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2024; 52:41-62. [PMID: 38523440 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2023049565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices are capable of handling 10-9 L to 10-18 L of fluids by incorporating tiny channels with dimensions of ten to hundreds of micrometers, and they can be fabricated using a wide range of materials including glass, silicon, polymers, paper, and cloth for tailored sensing applications. Microfluidic biosensors integrated with detection methods such as electrochemiluminescence (ECL) can be used for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. Coupled with ECL, these tandem devices are capable of sensing biomarkers at nanomolar to picomolar concentrations, reproducibly. Measurement at this low level of concentration makes microfluidic electrochemiluminescence (MF-ECL) devices ideal for biomarker detection in the context of early warning systems for diseases such as myocardial infarction, cancer, and others. However, the technology relies on the nature and inherent characteristics of an efficient luminophore. The luminophore typically undergoes a redox process to generate excited species which emit energy in the form of light upon relaxation to lower energy states. Therefore, in biosensor design the efficiency of the luminophore is critical. This review is focused on the integration of microfluidic devices with biosensors and using electrochemiluminescence as a detection method. We highlight the dual role of carbon quantum dots as a luminophore and co-reactant in electrochemiluminescence analysis, drawing on their unique properties that include large specific surface area, easy functionalization, and unique luminescent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementine Juliat Louw
- SensorLab, Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pim de Haan
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Verpoorte
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Priscilla Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape Bellville, 7535, Republic of South Africa
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Islam MA, Mumin J, Haque MM, Haque MA, Khan A, Bhattacharya P, Haque MA. Monkeypox virus (MPXV): A Brief account of global spread, epidemiology, virology, clinical features, pathogenesis, and therapeutic interventions. INFECTIOUS MEDICINE 2023; 2:262-272. [PMID: 38205182 PMCID: PMC10774656 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The largest monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak of the 21st century occurred in 2022, which caused epidemics in many countries. According to WHO, physical contact with infected persons, contaminated surfaces, or affected animals might be a source of this virus transmission. A febrile sickness including few symptoms found in MPX disease. Skin rash, lesions, fever, headache, fatigue, and muscle aches symptoms were observed commonly for this disease. Animal and in vitro, studies have shown that the antiviral medications cidofovir and brincidofovir are effective against MPXV. The first-generation vaccinia virus vaccine was developed in 1960, and it helped to protect against MPXV with its side effects. A second-generation vaccination with limitations was launched in 2000. However, the CDC advised vaccinations for risk groups in endemic countries, including positive patients and hospital employees. The JYNNEOS vaccine, administered in 2 doses, also provides protection from MPX. This article presents concisely the most recent findings regarding epidemiology, genomic transmission, signs and symptoms, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions for MPXV, which may be helpful to researchers and practitioners. WHO declared that MPX was no longer a global health emergency due to its declining case rate, and a number of countries have reported new incidences. Further research-based investigations must be carried out based on the 2022 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Aminul Islam
- Advanced Molecular Lab, Department of Microbiology, President Abdul Hamid Medical College, Karimganj 2310, Bangladesh
- COVID-19 Diagnostic Lab, Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Jubayer Mumin
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Md Masudul Haque
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Azizul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Ahrar Khan
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- COVID-19 Research @KTH, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Md Atiqul Haque
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonoses of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100019, China
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
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12
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Li T, Cheng N. Sensitive and Portable Signal Readout Strategies Boost Point-of-Care CRISPR/Cas12a Biosensors. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3988-4007. [PMID: 37870387 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) detection is getting more and more attention in many fields due to its accuracy and on-site test property. The CRISPR/Cas12a system is endowed with excellent sensitivity, target identification specificity, and signal amplification ability in biosensing because of its unique trans-cleavage ability. As a result, a lot of research has been made to develop CRISPR/Cas12a-based biosensors. In this review, we focused on signal readout strategies and summarized recent sensitivity-improving strategies in fluorescence, colorimetric, and electrochemical signaling. Then we introduced novel portability-improving strategies based on lateral flow assays (LFAs), microfluidic chips, simplified instruments, and one-pot design. In the end, we also provide our outlook for the future development of CRISPR/Cas12a biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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13
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Farnesi E, Rinaldi S, Liu C, Ballmaier J, Guntinas-Lichius O, Schmitt M, Cialla-May D, Popp J. Label-Free SERS and MD Analysis of Biomarkers for Rapid Point-of-Care Sensors Detecting Head and Neck Cancer and Infections. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8915. [PMID: 37960614 PMCID: PMC10648186 DOI: 10.3390/s23218915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
For the progress of point-of-care medicine, where individual health status can be easily and quickly monitored using a handheld sensor, saliva serves as one of the best-suited body fluids thanks to its availability and abundance of physiological indicators. Salivary biomarkers, combined with rapid and highly sensitive detection tools, may pave the way to new real-time health monitoring and personalized preventative therapy branches using saliva as a target matrix. Saliva is increasing in importance in liquid biopsy, a non-invasive approach that helps physicians diagnose and characterize specific diseases in patients. Here, we propose a proof-of-concept study combining the unique specificity in biomolecular recognition provided by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in combination with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which give leave to explore the biomolecular absorption mechanism on nanoparticle surfaces, in order to verify the traceability of two validated salivary indicators, i.e., interleukin-8 (IL-8) and lysozyme (LYZ), implicated in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral infection. This strategy simultaneously assures the detection and interpretation of protein biomarkers in saliva, ultimately opening a new route for the evolution of fast and accurate point-of-care SERS-based sensors of interest in precision medicine diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Farnesi
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; (E.F.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (J.P.)
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Silvia Rinaldi
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organo Metallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy;
| | - Chen Liu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; (E.F.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (J.P.)
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jonas Ballmaier
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (J.B.); (O.G.-L.)
| | - Orlando Guntinas-Lichius
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (J.B.); (O.G.-L.)
| | - Michael Schmitt
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; (E.F.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Dana Cialla-May
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; (E.F.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (J.P.)
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Juergen Popp
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; (E.F.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (J.P.)
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
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14
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Ansu-Mensah M, Kuupiel D, Bawontuo V, Ginindza TG. Availability, stock levels and usage of In-vitro diagnostics in the Bono region, Ghana: A cross-sectional study. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med 2023; 15:e1-e10. [PMID: 37916723 PMCID: PMC10623501 DOI: 10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.4114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests play essential roles in diagnosis, surveillance, and disease management in health settings. Nevertheless, implementation challenges may hamper POC test accessibility. This study evaluated the availability and stock levels of the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified existing in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) for use in health facilities without laboratories. AIM To evaluate the availability, stock levels, and usage of POC diagnostic tests. SETTING Bono Region, Ghana. METHODS This cross-sectional survey involved 102 randomly selected Community Health-based and Planning Services (CHPS), 12 district health depots, and a regional medical depot. Using a survey tool, data were collected on clinic staffing, availability and stock levels of tests, and funding sources. STATA 17 was employed for data analysis. RESULTS Majority (37.3%) of the respondents were community health nurses, with 4.4 mean years of work experience and 38 working hours per week. Of the 18 existing WHO prequalified POC tests for use at facilities without laboratories, 10 (56%), 2 (11%) and 0 (0%) were found at CHPS, regional, and district depots, respectively. Majority (183 out of 301) stock levels were low. Of the 10 available tests found, 7 scored 111 (36%) of 'high use'. Supply chain management compliance was 5 (31%) out of 16. All CHPS received government funding with 25.5% of them receiving additional donor or internally generated funding. CONCLUSION This study found poor supply chain management compliance, and low availability of POC tests in the Bono Region of Ghana.Contribution: The study outlines POC tests availability and usage in low-resourced setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Ansu-Mensah
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; and, Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; and, Clinic, Sunyani Technical University, Sunyani.
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15
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Sun K, Liu Y, Zhao W, Ma B, Zhang M, Yu X, Ye Z. Prokaryotic Argonaute Proteins: A New Frontier in Point-of-Care Viral Diagnostics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14987. [PMID: 37834437 PMCID: PMC10573157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 has underscored the critical need for rapid and precise viral detection technologies. Point-of-care (POC) technologies, which offer immediate and accurate testing at or near the site of patient care, have become a cornerstone of modern medicine. Prokaryotic Argonaute proteins (pAgo), proficient in recognizing target RNA or DNA with complementary sequences, have emerged as potential game-changers. pAgo present several advantages over the currently popular CRISPR/Cas systems-based POC diagnostics, including the absence of a PAM sequence requirement, the use of shorter nucleic acid molecules as guides, and a smaller protein size. This review provides a comprehensive overview of pAgo protein detection platforms and critically assesses their potential in the field of viral POC diagnostics. The objective is to catalyze further research and innovation in pAgo nucleic acid detection and diagnostics, ultimately facilitating the creation of enhanced diagnostic tools for clinic viral infections in POC settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoping Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (K.S.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (B.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Zihong Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (K.S.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (B.M.); (M.Z.)
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16
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Guzman NA, Guzman DE, Blanc T. Advancements in portable instruments based on affinity-capture-migration and affinity-capture-separation for use in clinical testing and life science applications. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1704:464109. [PMID: 37315445 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The shift from testing at centralized diagnostic laboratories to remote locations is being driven by the development of point-of-care (POC) instruments and represents a transformative moment in medicine. POC instruments address the need for rapid results that can inform faster therapeutic decisions and interventions. These instruments are especially valuable in the field, such as in an ambulance, or in remote and rural locations. The development of telehealth, enabled by advancements in digital technologies like smartphones and cloud computing, is also aiding in this evolution, allowing medical professionals to provide care remotely, potentially reducing healthcare costs and improving patient longevity. One notable POC device is the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), which played a major role in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic due to its ease of use, rapid analysis time, and low cost. However, LFIA tests exhibit relatively low analytical sensitivity and provide semi-quantitative information, indicating either a positive, negative, or inconclusive result, which can be attributed to its one-dimensional format. Immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis (IACE), on the other hand, offers a two-dimensional format that includes an affinity-capture step of one or more matrix constituents followed by release and electrophoretic separation. The method provides greater analytical sensitivity, and quantitative information, thereby reducing the rate of false positives, false negatives, and inconclusive results. Combining LFIA and IACE technologies can thus provide an effective and economical solution for screening, confirming results, and monitoring patient progress, representing a key strategy in advancing diagnostics in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norberto A Guzman
- Princeton Biochemicals, Inc., Princeton, NJ 08543, United States of America.
| | - Daniel E Guzman
- Princeton Biochemicals, Inc., Princeton, NJ 08543, United States of America; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Timothy Blanc
- Eli Lilly and Company, Branchburg, NJ 08876, United States of America
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17
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Nath P, Mahtaba KR, Ray A. Fluorescence-Based Portable Assays for Detection of Biological and Chemical Analytes. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23115053. [PMID: 37299780 DOI: 10.3390/s23115053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence-based detection techniques are part of an ever-expanding field and are widely used in biomedical and environmental research as a biosensing tool. These techniques have high sensitivity, selectivity, and a short response time, making them a valuable tool for developing bio-chemical assays. The endpoint of these assays is defined by changes in fluorescence signal, in terms of its intensity, lifetime, and/or shift in spectrum, which is monitored using readout devices such as microscopes, fluorometers, and cytometers. However, these devices are often bulky, expensive, and require supervision to operate, which makes them inaccessible in resource-limited settings. To address these issues, significant effort has been directed towards integrating fluorescence-based assays into miniature platforms based on papers, hydrogels, and microfluidic devices, and to couple these assays with portable readout devices like smartphones and wearable optical sensors, thereby enabling point-of-care detection of bio-chemical analytes. This review highlights some of the recently developed portable fluorescence-based assays by discussing the design of fluorescent sensor molecules, their sensing strategy, and the fabrication of point-of-care devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peuli Nath
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Kazi Ridita Mahtaba
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Aniruddha Ray
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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18
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Alawajji RA, Alsudani ZAN, Biris AS, Kannarpady GK. Biosensor Design for the Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells Using the Quartz Crystal Resonator Technique. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040433. [PMID: 37185508 PMCID: PMC10136100 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A new mass-sensitive biosensing approach for detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using a quartz crystal resonator (QCR) has been developed. A mathematical model was used to design a ring electrode-based QCR to eliminate the Gaussian spatial distribution of frequency response in the first harmonic mode, a characteristic of QCRs, without compromising the sensitivity of frequency response. An ink-dot method was used to validate the ring electrode fabricated based on our model. Furthermore, the ring electrode QCR was experimentally tested for its ability to capture circulating tumor cells, and the results were compared with a commercially available QCR with a keyhole electrode. An indirect method of surface immobilization technique was employed via modification of the SiO2 surface of the ring electrode using a silane, protein, and anti-EpCAM. The ring electrode successfully demonstrated eliminating the spatial nonuniformity of frequency response for three cancer cell lines, i.e., MCF-7, PANC-1, and PC-3, compared with the keyhole QCR, which showed nonuniform spatial response for the same cancer cell lines. These results are promising for developing QCR-based biosensors for the early detection of cancer cells, with the potential for point-of-care diagnosis for cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raad A Alawajji
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
| | - Zeid A Nima Alsudani
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA
| | - Alexandrus S Biris
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA
| | - Ganesh K Kannarpady
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA
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19
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Sequeira-Antunes B, Ferreira HA. Urinary Biomarkers and Point-of-Care Urinalysis Devices for Early Diagnosis and Management of Disease: A Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041051. [PMID: 37189669 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosensing and microfluidics technologies are transforming diagnostic medicine by accurately detecting biomolecules in biological samples. Urine is a promising biological fluid for diagnostics due to its noninvasive collection and wide range of diagnostic biomarkers. Point-of-care urinalysis, which integrates biosensing and microfluidics, has the potential to bring affordable and rapid diagnostics into the home to continuing monitoring, but challenges still remain. As such, this review aims to provide an overview of biomarkers that are or could be used to diagnose and monitor diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Additionally, the different materials and techniques for the fabrication of microfluidic structures along with the biosensing technologies often used to detect and quantify biological molecules and organisms are reviewed. Ultimately, this review discusses the current state of point-of-care urinalysis devices and highlights the potential of these technologies to improve patient outcomes. Traditional point-of-care urinalysis devices require the manual collection of urine, which may be unpleasant, cumbersome, or prone to errors. To overcome this issue, the toilet itself can be used as an alternative specimen collection and urinalysis device. This review then presents several smart toilet systems and incorporated sanitary devices for this purpose.
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20
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Mintz Hemed N, Leal-Ortiz S, Zhao ET, Melosh NA. On-Demand, Reversible, Ultrasensitive Polymer Membrane Based on Molecular Imprinting Polymer. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5632-5643. [PMID: 36913954 PMCID: PMC10062346 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of in vivo, longitudinal, real-time monitoring devices is an essential step toward continuous, precision health monitoring. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are popular sensor capture agents that are more robust than antibodies and have been used for sensors, drug delivery, affinity separations, assays, and solid-phase extraction. However, MIP sensors are typically limited to one-time use due to their high binding affinity (>107 M-1) and slow-release kinetics (<10-4 μM/sec). To overcome this challenge, current research has focused on stimuli-responsive MIPs (SR-MIPs), which undergo a conformational change induced by external stimuli to reverse molecular binding, requiring additional chemicals or outside stimuli. Here, we demonstrate fully reversible MIP sensors based on electrostatic repulsion. Once the target analyte is bound within a thin film MIP on an electrode, a small electrical potential successfully releases the bound molecules, enabling repeated, accurate measurements. We demonstrate an electrostatically refreshed dopamine sensor with a 760 pM limit of detection, linear response profile, and accuracy even after 30 sensing-release cycles. These sensors could repeatedly detect <1 nM dopamine released from PC-12 cells in vitro, demonstrating they can longitudinally measure low concentrations in complex biological environments without clogging. Our work provides a simple and effective strategy for enhancing the use of MIPs-based biosensors for all charged molecules in continuous, real-time health monitoring and other sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nofar Mintz Hemed
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sergio Leal-Ortiz
- Department
of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94304, United States
| | - Eric T. Zhao
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Melosh
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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21
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Kang X, Wu C, Alibakhshi MA, Liu X, Yu L, Walt DR, Wanunu M. Nanopore-Based Fingerprint Immunoassay Based on Rolling Circle Amplification and DNA Fragmentation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5412-5420. [PMID: 36877993 PMCID: PMC10629239 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, nanopore-based sequencers have become robust tools with unique advantages for genomics applications. However, progress toward applying nanopores as highly sensitive, quantitative diagnostic tools has been impeded by several challenges. One major limitation is the insufficient sensitivity of nanopores in detecting disease biomarkers, which are typically present at pM or lower concentrations in biological fluids, while a second limitation is the general absence of unique nanopore signals for different analytes. To bridge this gap, we have developed a strategy for nanopore-based biomarker detection that utilizes immunocapture, isothermal rolling circle amplification, and sequence-specific fragmentation of the product to release multiple DNA reporter molecules for nanopore detection. These DNA fragment reporters produce sets of nanopore signals that form distinctive fingerprints, or clusters. This fingerprint signature therefore allows the identification and quantification of biomarker analytes. As a proof of concept, we quantify human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) at low pM levels in a few hours. Future improvement of this method by integration with a nanopore array and microfluidics-based chemistry can further reduce the limit of detection, allow multiplexed biomarker detection, and further reduce the footprint and cost of existing laboratory and point-of-care devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Kang
- Departments
of Bioengineering, Physics, and Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Connie Wu
- Department
of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired
Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mohammad Amin Alibakhshi
- Departments
of Bioengineering, Physics, and Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xingyan Liu
- Departments
of Bioengineering, Physics, and Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Luning Yu
- Departments
of Bioengineering, Physics, and Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - David R. Walt
- Department
of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired
Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Meni Wanunu
- Departments
of Bioengineering, Physics, and Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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22
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Lin HY, Chen WR, Lu LC, Chen HL, Chen YH, Pan M, Chen CC, Chen C, Yen TH, Wan D. Direct Thermal Growth of Gold Nanopearls on 3D Interweaved Hydrophobic Fibers as Ultrasensitive Portable SERS Substrates for Clinical Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207404. [PMID: 36974592 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based biosensors have attracted much attention for their label-free detection, ultrahigh sensitivity, and unique molecular fingerprinting. In this study, a wafer-scale, ultrasensitive, highly uniform, paper-based, portable SERS detection platform featuring abundant and dense gold nanopearls with narrow gap distances, are prepared and deposited directly onto ultralow-surface-energy fluorosilane-modified cellulose fibers through simple thermal evaporation by delicately manipulating the atom diffusion behavior. The as-designed paper-based SERS substrate exhibits an extremely high Raman enhancement factor (3.9 × 1011 ), detectability at sub-femtomolar concentrations (single-molecule level) and great signal reproductivity (relative standard deviation: 3.97%), even when operated with a portable 785-nm Raman spectrometer. This system is used for fingerprinting identification of 12 diverse analytes, including clinical medicines (cefazolin, chloramphenicol, levetiracetam, nicotine), pesticides (thiram, paraquat, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos), environmental carcinogens (benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[g,h,i]perylene), and illegal drugs (methamphetamine, mephedrone). The lowest detection concentrations reach the sub-ppb level, highlighted by a low of 16.2 ppq for nicotine. This system appears suitable for clinical applications in, for example, i) therapeutic drug monitoring for individualized medication adjustment and ii) ultra-early diagnosis for pesticide intoxication. Accordingly, such scalable, portable and ultrasensitive fibrous SERS substrates open up new opportunities for practical on-site detection in biofluid analysis, point-of-care diagnostics and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yao Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, 10449, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ru Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chia Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Hsuen-Li Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials (AI-MAT), National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Michael Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chia Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chihchen Chen
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, 10449, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33378, Taiwan
| | - Dehui Wan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
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23
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Zambry NS, Awang MS, Beh KK, Hamzah HH, Bustami Y, Obande GA, Khalid MF, Ozsoz M, Manaf AA, Aziah I. A label-free electrochemical DNA biosensor used a printed circuit board gold electrode (PCBGE) to detect SARS-CoV-2 without amplification. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:1622-1636. [PMID: 36786757 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01159j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) motivates continuous efforts to develop robust and accurate diagnostic tests to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Detection of viral nucleic acids provides the highest sensitivity and selectivity for diagnosing early and asymptomatic infection because the human immune system may not be active at this stage. Therefore, this work aims to develop a label-free electrochemical DNA biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection using a printed circuit board-based gold substrate (PCBGE). The developed sensor used the nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N) gene as a biomarker. The DNA sensor-based PCBGE was fabricated by self-assembling a thiolated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe onto an Au surface, which performed as the working electrode (WE). The Au surface was then treated with 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH) before detecting the target N gene to produce a well-oriented arrangement of the immobilized ssDNA chains. The successful fabrication of the biosensor was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The DNA biosensor performances were evaluated using a synthetic SARS-CoV-2 genome and 20 clinical RNA samples from healthy and infected individuals through EIS. The developed DNA biosensor can detect as low as 1 copy per μL of the N gene within 5 minutes with a LOD of 0.50 μM. Interestingly, the proposed DNA sensor could distinguish the expression of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a patient diagnosed with COVID-19 without any amplification technique. We believe that the proposed DNA sensor platform is a promising point-of-care (POC) device for COVID-19 viral infection since it offers a rapid detection time with a simple design and workflow detection system, as well as an affordable diagnostic assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Syafirah Zambry
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Syafiq Awang
- Collaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Level 1, Block C, No. 10 Persiaran Bukit Jambul, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Khi Khim Beh
- Collaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Level 1, Block C, No. 10 Persiaran Bukit Jambul, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Hairul Hisham Hamzah
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Yazmin Bustami
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Godwin Attah Obande
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Federal University of Lafia, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Fazli Khalid
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Mehmet Ozsoz
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Asrulnizam Abd Manaf
- Collaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Level 1, Block C, No. 10 Persiaran Bukit Jambul, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Ismail Aziah
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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24
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Kaur S, Gupta N, Malhotra BD. Recent developments in wearable & non-wearable point-of-care biosensors for cortisol detection. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:217-230. [PMID: 36880128 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2184260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cortisol is one of the most prominent biomarkers used for the detection of psychological stress and related disorders. It plays an important role in many physiological processes including immunomodulation and fat metabolism. Thus, monitoring of cortisol levels can be used to indicate different pathological conditions including stress disorders. There has been a gradual rise in the development of point of care (PoC) biosensors for continuous cortisol monitoring. AREAS COVERED This review discusses recent breakthroughs toward the development of PoC sensors (wearable and non wearable) for cortisol monitoring. Challenges associated with them have also been summarized. EXPERT OPINION Electrochemical PoC devices have recently emerged as a powerful tools for continuous monitoring of cortisol that can be utilized for stress management and treatment of related disorders. However, there are many challenges that should be addressed before such devices can be deployed at mass level, such as inter-individual variability, changing the device calibration with the circadian rhythm, interference from other endocrine moieties, etc. [Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Kaur
- Nanobioelectronics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, INDIA
| | - Niharika Gupta
- Nanobioelectronics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, INDIA
| | - Bansi D Malhotra
- Nanobioelectronics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, INDIA.,Biomedical Instrumentation Section, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, India
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25
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Bruce N, Farrell F, Xie E, Scullion MG, Haughey AM, Gu E, Dawson MD, Laurand N. MicroLED biosensor with colloidal quantum dots and smartphone detection. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:1107-1118. [PMID: 36950244 PMCID: PMC10026578 DOI: 10.1364/boe.478276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescence sensor with the capability for spatially multiplexed measurements utilizing smartphone detection is presented. Bioconjugated quantum dots are used as the fluorescent tag and are excited using a blue-emitting microLED (µLED). The 1-dimensional GaN µLED array is butt-coupled to one edge of the glass slide to take advantage of total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) principles. The bioassays on the top surface of the glass waveguide are excited and the resultant fluorescence is detected with the smartphone. The red, green, and blue channels of the digital image are utilized to spectrally separate the excitation light from the fluorescence for analysis. Using a biotin-functionalized glass slide as proof of principle, we have shown that streptavidin conjugated quantum dots can be detected down to a concentration of 8 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Bruce
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Fraunhofer Centre for Applied Photonics, 99 George Street, Glasgow, UK
| | - Francesca Farrell
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Enyuan Xie
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mark G. Scullion
- Fraunhofer Centre for Applied Photonics, 99 George Street, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Erdan Gu
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Martin D. Dawson
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Fraunhofer Centre for Applied Photonics, 99 George Street, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nicolas Laurand
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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26
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Tzouvadaki I, Prodromakis T. Large-scale nano-biosensing technologies. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2023.1127363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale technologies have brought significant advancements to modern diagnostics, enabling unprecedented bio-chemical sensitivities that are key to disease monitoring. At the same time, miniaturized biosensors and their integration across large areas enabled tessellating these into high-density biosensing panels, a key capability for the development of high throughput monitoring: multiple patients as well as multiple analytes per patient. This review provides a critical overview of various nanoscale biosensing technologies and their ability to unlock high testing throughput without compromising detection resilience. We report on the challenges and opportunities each technology presents along this direction and present a detailed analysis on the prospects of both commercially available and emerging biosensing technologies.
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27
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Holt BA, Lim HS, Sivakumar A, Phuengkham H, Su M, Tuttle M, Xu Y, Liakakos H, Qiu P, Kwong GA. Embracing enzyme promiscuity with activity-based compressed biosensing. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2023; 3:100372. [PMID: 36814844 PMCID: PMC9939361 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of protease-activatable drugs and diagnostics requires identifying substrates specific to individual proteases. However, this process becomes increasingly difficult as the number of target proteases increases because most substrates are promiscuously cleaved by multiple proteases. We introduce a method-substrate libraries for compressed sensing of enzymes (SLICE)-for selecting libraries of promiscuous substrates that classify protease mixtures (1) without deconvolution of compressed signals and (2) without highly specific substrates. SLICE ranks substrate libraries using a compression score (C), which quantifies substrate orthogonality and protease coverage. This metric is predictive of classification accuracy across 140 in silico (Pearson r = 0.71) and 55 in vitro libraries (r = 0.55). Using SLICE, we select a two-substrate library to classify 28 samples containing 11 enzymes in plasma (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] = 0.93). We envision that SLICE will enable the selection of libraries that capture information from hundreds of enzymes using fewer substrates for applications like activity-based sensors for imaging and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Alexander Holt
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech College of Engineering and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Hong Seo Lim
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech College of Engineering and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Anirudh Sivakumar
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech College of Engineering and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Hathaichanok Phuengkham
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech College of Engineering and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Melanie Su
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech College of Engineering and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - McKenzie Tuttle
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech College of Engineering and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Yilin Xu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech College of Engineering and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Haley Liakakos
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech College of Engineering and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Peng Qiu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech College of Engineering and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Gabriel A. Kwong
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech College of Engineering and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Georgia ImmunoEngineering Consortium, Georgia Tech and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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28
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Advances in the Measurement of Polymeric Colorimetric Sensors Using Portable Instrumentation: Testing the Light Influence. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204285. [PMID: 36297863 PMCID: PMC9610941 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable and green sensors based on polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) or cellulose polymers, as a case of study of the use of portable instrumentation joined to a smartphone, have been tested. A smartphone camera was used to obtain images and was also coupled to a minispectrometer, without and with an optical fiber probe to register spectra. To study light influence on the analytical signal, light-emitting diode (LED), halogen light and daylight have been assayed. A corrective palette of 24 colors and a set with 45 colors from different color ranges were used as the validation set. The results indicated that halogen light was the best option to obtain the spectra. However, for digital image analysis, it was the LED light that gave a greater approximation of the RGB values of the real colors. Based on these results, the spectra and the RGB components of PDMS solid sensors doped with 1,2-naphtoquinone-4-sulfonate (NQS) for the determination of ammonium in water or urea in urine, PDMS doped with Griess reagent for developing the assay of nitrite in waters and cellulose sensors for the determination of hydrogen sulfide in the atmospheres have been obtained. The results achieved were good in terms of sensitivity and linearity and were comparable to those obtained using a laboratory benchtop instrument. Several rules for selecting the most suitable light source to obtain the spectra and/or images have been established and an image correction method has been introduced.
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29
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Clinical evaluation of Sofia Rapid Antigen Assay for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among emergency department to hospital admissions. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2022; 43:968-973. [PMID: 34162449 PMCID: PMC8376850 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2021.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the utility of the Sofia SARS rapid antigen fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) to guide hospital-bed placement of patients being admitted through the emergency department (ED). DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of a clinical quality improvement study. SETTING This study was conducted in 2 community hospitals in Maryland from September 21, 2020, to December 3, 2020. In total, 2,887 patients simultaneously received the Sofia SARS rapid antigen FIA and SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assays on admission through the ED. METHODS Rapid antigen results and symptom assessment guided initial patient placement while confirmatory RT-PCR was pending. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values of the rapid antigen assay were calculated relative to RT-PCR, overall and separately for symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Assay sensitivity was compared to RT-PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values. Assay turnaround times were compared. Clinical characteristics of RT-PCR-positive patients and potential exposures from false-negative antigen assays were evaluated. RESULTS For all patients, overall agreement was 97.9%; sensitivity was 76.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 71%-82%), and specificity was 99.7% (95% CI, 99%-100%). We detected no differences in performance between asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals. As RT-PCR Ct increased, the sensitivity of the antigen assay decreased. The mean turnaround time for the antigen assay was 1.2 hours (95% CI, 1.0-1.3) and for RT-PCR it was 20.1 hours (95% CI, 18.9-40.3) (P < .001). No transmission from antigen-negative/RT-PCR-positive patients was identified. CONCLUSIONS Although not a replacement for RT-PCR for detection of all SARS-CoV-2 infections, the Sofia SARS antigen FIA has clinical utility for potential initial timely patient placement.
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30
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What is the scope of teaching and training of undergraduate students and trainees in point of care testing in United Kingdom universities and hospital laboratories? PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268506. [PMID: 35913944 PMCID: PMC9342762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Point of care testing (POCT) is an analytical test performed by a healthcare professional outside of a conventional laboratory. The global POCT market was valued at US$ 23.16 billion in 2016 and is forecasted to grow to US$ 36.96 billion in 2021. This upward trend for POCT has increased workload for pathology departments who manage POCT. This research aims to characterize and analyse the teaching and training of POCT at United Kingdom (UK) universities on Institute of Biomedical Science (IBMS) accredited biomedical science degrees, and at UK hospital laboratories. A freedom of information (FOI) request was sent in 2018 to all 52 UK universities with an accredited IBMS Biomedical science degree to request information on teaching of POCT, with a 100% response rate. Further FOI requests were sent to all National Health Service (NHS) hospital pathology departments in the UK, regarding POCT training provided to trainee Biomedical scientists, with a 97% response rate. Twelve of the degrees contained no POCT teaching, with a further 9 having no specific POCT teaching. Sixty-six laboratories confirmed that there was no POCT training. The university teaching hours varied between 0 and 35 hours. The median time spent teaching POCT at university was 2 hours. The laboratory teaching hours varied between 0 and 450 hours The median time spent teaching POCT in hospital laboratories was 3 hours. A content analysis of the learning outcomes provided by 29 universities showed that only 61% (84/137) were measurable and 26% (36/137) of the learning outcomes used action verbs that have previously been listed to be avoided in learning outcome writing. Only 9% (13/137) of outcomes specifically described POCT, with 8 of these being measurable. The findings demonstrate that although this is a commonly required skill for biomedical scientists, there is a clear lack of POCT teaching and training in the UK. To meet the new Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (QAA) guidelines, but most importantly to ensure the workforce is fit for the needs of the current healthcare system, the quality and quantity of POCT teaching and training needs to improve.
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31
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Lubell-Doughtie P, Bhatt S, Wong R, Shankar AH. Transforming Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Precision Public Health: Open Guidelines for Manufacturers and Users. JMIR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2022; 7:e26800. [PMID: 38875688 PMCID: PMC11041428 DOI: 10.2196/26800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precision public health (PPH) can maximize impact by targeting surveillance and interventions by temporal, spatial, and epidemiological characteristics. Although rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have enabled ubiquitous point-of-care testing in low-resource settings, their impact has been less than anticipated, owing in part to lack of features to streamline data capture and analysis. OBJECTIVE We aimed to transform the RDT into a tool for PPH by defining information and data axioms and an information utilization index (IUI); identifying design features to maximize the IUI; and producing open guidelines (OGs) for modular RDT features that enable links with digital health tools to create an RDT-OG system. METHODS We reviewed published papers and conducted a survey with experts or users of RDTs in the sectors of technology, manufacturing, and deployment to define features and axioms for information utilization. We developed an IUI, ranging from 0% to 100%, and calculated this index for 33 World Health Organization-prequalified RDTs. RDT-OG specifications were developed to maximize the IUI; the feasibility and specifications were assessed through developing malaria and COVID-19 RDTs based on OGs for use in Kenya and Indonesia. RESULTS The survey respondents (n=33) included 16 researchers, 7 technologists, 3 manufacturers, 2 doctors or nurses, and 5 other users. They were most concerned about the proper use of RDTs (30/33, 91%), their interpretation (28/33, 85%), and reliability (26/33, 79%), and were confident that smartphone-based RDT readers could address some reliability concerns (28/33, 85%), and that readers were more important for complex or multiplex RDTs (33/33, 100%). The IUI of prequalified RDTs ranged from 13% to 75% (median 33%). In contrast, the IUI for an RDT-OG prototype was 91%. The RDT open guideline system that was developed was shown to be feasible by (1) creating a reference RDT-OG prototype; (2) implementing its features and capabilities on a smartphone RDT reader, cloud information system, and Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources; and (3) analyzing the potential public health impact of RDT-OG integration with laboratory, surveillance, and vital statistics systems. CONCLUSIONS Policy makers and manufacturers can define, adopt, and synergize with RDT-OGs and digital health initiatives. The RDT-OG approach could enable real-time diagnostic and epidemiological monitoring with adaptive interventions to facilitate control or elimination of current and emerging diseases through PPH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roger Wong
- Ona Systems Inc, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Anuraj H Shankar
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Eijkman-Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia
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32
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Desquesnes M, Sazmand A, Gonzatti M, Boulangé A, Bossard G, Thévenon S, Gimonneau G, Truc P, Herder S, Ravel S, Sereno D, Waleckx E, Jamonneau V, Jacquiet P, Jittapalapong S, Berthier D, Solano P, Hébert L. Diagnosis of animal trypanosomoses: proper use of current tools and future prospects. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:235. [PMID: 35761373 PMCID: PMC9238167 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reliable diagnostic tools are needed to choose the appropriate treatment and proper control measures for animal trypanosomoses, some of which are pathogenic. Trypanosoma cruzi, for example, is responsible for Chagas disease in Latin America. Similarly, pathogenic animal trypanosomoses of African origin (ATAO), including a variety of Trypanosoma species and subspecies, are currently found in Africa, Latin America and Asia. ATAO limit global livestock productivity and impact food security and the welfare of domestic animals. This review focusses on implementing previously reviewed diagnostic methods, in a complex epizootiological scenario, by critically assessing diagnostic results at the individual or herd level. In most cases, a single diagnostic method applied at a given time does not unequivocally identify the various parasitological and disease statuses of a host. These include "non-infected", "asymptomatic carrier", "sick infected", "cured/not cured" and/or "multi-infected". The diversity of hosts affected by these animal trypanosomoses and their vectors (or other routes of transmission) is such that integrative, diachronic approaches are needed that combine: (i) parasite detection, (ii) DNA, RNA or antigen detection and (iii) antibody detection, along with epizootiological information. The specificity of antibody detection tests is restricted to the genus or subgenus due to cross-reactivity with other Trypanosoma spp. and Trypanosomatidae, but sensitivity is high. The DNA-based methods implemented over the last three decades have yielded higher specificity and sensitivity for active infection detection in hosts and vectors. However, no single diagnostic method can detect all active infections and/or trypanosome species or subspecies. The proposed integrative approach will improve the prevention, surveillance and monitoring of animal trypanosomoses with the available diagnostic tools. However, further developments are required to address specific gaps in diagnostic methods and the sustainable control or elimination of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Desquesnes
- UMR INTERTRYP, French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), 31076 Toulouse, France
- INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- National Veterinary School of Toulouse (ENVT), 23 chemin des Capelles, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Alireza Sazmand
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517658978 Iran
| | - Marisa Gonzatti
- Department of Cell Biology, Simón Bolívar University, Caracas, 1080 Venezuela
| | - Alain Boulangé
- INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- UMR INTERTRYP, CIRAD, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
- Pierre Richet Institute, National Public Health Institute, BP 1500 Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Géraldine Bossard
- INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- UMR INTERTRYP, CIRAD, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Thévenon
- INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- UMR INTERTRYP, CIRAD, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Geoffrey Gimonneau
- INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- UMR INTERTRYP, CIRAD , Dakar, Senegal
- National Laboratory for Livestock and Veterinary Research, Senegalese Institute on Agricultural Research (ISRA), BP 2057, Dakar, Hann Senegal
| | - Philippe Truc
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Herder
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Ravel
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Denis Sereno
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Etienne Waleckx
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Regional Research Centre Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Autonomous University of Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán Mexico
| | | | - Philippe Jacquiet
- National Veterinary School of Toulouse (ENVT), 23 chemin des Capelles, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | | | - David Berthier
- INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- UMR INTERTRYP, CIRAD, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Solano
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Hébert
- Physiopathology & Epidemiology of Equine Diseases Unit (PhEED), Laboratory of Animal Health, Normandy Site, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Rd 675 Les Places, 14430 Goustranville, France
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Vaidyanathan S, Gamage S, Dathathreya K, Kryk R, Manoharan A, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Choi J, Park D, Park S, Soper SA. Fluidic operation of a polymer-based nanosensor chip for analysing single molecules. FLOW (CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND) 2022; 2:E14. [PMID: 35936867 PMCID: PMC9356744 DOI: 10.1017/flo.2022.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Most medical diagnostic tests are expensive, involve slow turnaround times from centralized laboratories and require highly specialized equipment with seasoned technicians to carry out the assay. To facilitate realization of precision medicine at the point of care, we have developed a mixed-scale nanosensor chip featuring high surface area pillar arrays where solid-phase reactions can be performed to detect and identify nucleic acid targets found in diseased patients. Products formed can be identified and detected using a polymer nanofluidic channel. To guide delivery of this platform, we discuss the operation of various components of the device and simulations (COMSOL) used to guide the design by investigating parameters such as pillar array loading, and hydrodynamic and electrokinetic flows. The fabrication of the nanosensor is discussed, which was performed using a silicon (Si) master patterned with a combination of focused ion beam milling and photolithography with deep reactive ion etching. The mixed-scale patterns were transferred into a thermoplastic via thermal nanoimprint lithography, which facilitated fabrication of the nanosensor chip making it appropriate for in vitro diagnostics. The results from COMSOL were experimentally verified for hydrodynamic flow using Rhodamine B as a fluorescent tracer and electrokinetic flow using single fluorescently labelled oligonucleotides (single-stranded DNAs, ssDNAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarnagowri Vaidyanathan
- Bioengineering Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Sachindra Gamage
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Kavya Dathathreya
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Renee Kryk
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Anishkumar Manoharan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Bioengineering Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Junseo Choi
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
- Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Daniel Park
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
- Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Sunggook Park
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
- Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Steven A. Soper
- Bioengineering Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology and KU Cancer Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66106, USA
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García-Bernalt Diego J, Fernández-Soto P, Márquez-Sánchez S, Santos Santos D, Febrer-Sendra B, Crego-Vicente B, Muñoz-Bellido JL, Belhassen-García M, Corchado Rodríguez JM, Muro A. SMART-LAMP: A Smartphone-Operated Handheld Device for Real-Time Colorimetric Point-of-Care Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases via Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12060424. [PMID: 35735571 PMCID: PMC9221248 DOI: 10.3390/bios12060424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid amplification diagnostics offer outstanding features of sensitivity and specificity. However, they still lack speed and robustness, require extensive infrastructure, and are neither affordable nor user-friendly. Thus, they have not been extensively applied in point-of-care diagnostics, particularly in low-resource settings. In this work, we have combined the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology with a handheld portable device (SMART-LAMP) developed to perform real-time isothermal nucleic acid amplification reactions, based on simple colorimetric measurements, all of which are Bluetooth-controlled by a dedicated smartphone app. We have validated its diagnostic utility regarding different infectious diseases, including Schistosomiasis, Strongyloidiasis, and COVID-19, and analyzed clinical samples from suspected COVID-19 patients. Finally, we have proved that the combination of long-term stabilized LAMP master mixes, stored and transported at room temperature with our developed SMART-LAMP device, provides an improvement towards true point-of-care diagnosis of infectious diseases in settings with limited infrastructure. Our proposal could be easily adapted to the diagnosis of other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan García-Bernalt Diego
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (J.G.-B.D.); (B.F.-S.); (B.C.-V.)
| | - Pedro Fernández-Soto
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (J.G.-B.D.); (B.F.-S.); (B.C.-V.)
- Correspondence: (P.F.-S.); (A.M.); Tel.: +34-677596173 (ext. 6861) (P.F.-S.)
| | - Sergio Márquez-Sánchez
- BISITE Research Group, University of Salamanca, Calle Espejo s/n. Edificio Multiusos I+D+i, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (S.M.-S.); (D.S.S.); (J.M.C.R.)
- Air Institute, IoT Digital Innovation Hub (Spain), 37188 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Daniel Santos Santos
- BISITE Research Group, University of Salamanca, Calle Espejo s/n. Edificio Multiusos I+D+i, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (S.M.-S.); (D.S.S.); (J.M.C.R.)
| | - Begoña Febrer-Sendra
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (J.G.-B.D.); (B.F.-S.); (B.C.-V.)
| | - Beatriz Crego-Vicente
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (J.G.-B.D.); (B.F.-S.); (B.C.-V.)
| | - Juan Luis Muñoz-Bellido
- Microbiology and Parasitology Service, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Moncef Belhassen-García
- Internal Medicine Service, Infectious Diseases Section, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Juan M. Corchado Rodríguez
- BISITE Research Group, University of Salamanca, Calle Espejo s/n. Edificio Multiusos I+D+i, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (S.M.-S.); (D.S.S.); (J.M.C.R.)
- Air Institute, IoT Digital Innovation Hub (Spain), 37188 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonio Muro
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (J.G.-B.D.); (B.F.-S.); (B.C.-V.)
- Correspondence: (P.F.-S.); (A.M.); Tel.: +34-677596173 (ext. 6861) (P.F.-S.)
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Norton C, Hassan U. Bioelectronic Sensor with Magnetic Modulation to Quantify Phagocytic Activity of Blood Cells Employing Machine Learning. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1936-1945. [PMID: 35709478 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Microbial infections result in activating an immune response in the human body, which triggers inflammatory pathways resulting in recognition and subsequent killing of the pathogens. Quantifying the blood cells' natural ability to kill pathogens, i.e., phagocytosis, is critical to demonstrating the effectiveness of an individual's response in combating pathogens. Current laboratory processes and equipment that can be used to monitor phagocytic activity are costly and time-consuming and require significant technical expertise to run such assays. Here, we design and develop a novel biosensing platform capable of quantifying the phagocytic ability of blood cells. The sensor design is composed of electronic sensing and magnetic modulation sub-systems that work in conjunction to monitor phagocytic activity in microfluidic channels. The phagocytes internalize the IgG-coated magnetic beads, and when infused into the sensor, their speed will be modulated using the quadrupole magnetic field configuration as they pass through microfluidic channels where microfabricated electrodes are placed. The electronic sensor will generate the voltage pulse for each passage of the phagocyte, whose distinct features are correlative to the phagocytic activity. We experimentally tested this device using 17 blood samples collected from patients at Robert Wood Johnson Medical Hospital. Further, we developed artificial neural networks (ANN) to improve the accuracy of the phagocytic activity detection. ANN model detected the phagocytic activity with 88.2% accuracy. This novel sensing platform can potentially be used to triage high risk patients and develop personalized theranostics for the septic patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey Norton
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Umer Hassan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States.,Global Health Institute, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
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Kalkal A, Allawadhi P, Kumar P, Sehgal A, Verma A, Pawar K, Pradhan R, Paital B, Packirisamy G. Sensing and 3D printing technologies in personalized healthcare for the management of health crises including the COVID-19 outbreak. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2022; 3:100180. [PMID: 35601184 PMCID: PMC9107332 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2022.100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A major threat that has surrounded human civilization since the beginning of the year 2020 is the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization and significantly affected populations globally, causing medical and economic despair. Healthcare chains across the globe have been under grave stress owing to shortages of medical equipments necessary to address a pandemic. Furthermore, personal protective equipment supplies, mandatory for healthcare staff for treating severely ill patients, have been in short supply. To address the necessary requisites during the pandemic, several researchers, hospitals, and industries collaborated to meet the demand for these medical equipments in an economically viable manner. In this context, 3D printing technologies have provided enormous potential in creating personalized healthcare equipment, including face masks, face shields, rapid detection kits, testing swabs, biosensors, and various ventilator components. This has been made possible by capitalizing on centralized large-scale manufacturing using 3D printing and local distribution of verified and tested computer-aided design files. The primary focus of this study is, "How 3D printing is helpful in developing these equipments, and how it can be helpful in the development and deployment of various sensing and point-of-care-testing (POCTs) devices for the commercialization?" Further, the present study also takes care of patient safety by implementing novel 3D printed health equipment used for COVID-19 patients. Moreover, the study helps identify and highlight the efforts made by various organizations toward the usage of 3D printing technologies, which are helpful in combating the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kalkal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Prince Allawadhi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Institute Instrumentation Center, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Abhishek Sehgal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Ashmit Verma
- Divyasampark iHUB Roorkee for Devices, Materials and Technology Foundation, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Kaustubh Pawar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Rangadhar Pradhan
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Biswaranjan Paital
- Redox Regulation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Gopinath Packirisamy
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
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Developing a Biosensor-Based Immunoassay to Detect HPV E6 Oncoprotein in the Saliva Rinse Fluid of Oral Cancer Patients. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040594. [PMID: 35455710 PMCID: PMC9027100 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmission of Human papillomavirus (HPVs) is faithfully associated with carcinogenesis of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers. Therefore, clinical researchers may need to generate customized antibodies for the upcoming ELISA-based analysis to discover rare but valuable biomarkers. The aim of study was to develop and generate a biosensor-based immunoassay for early screening HPV-related oral cancer via saliva rinse fluid analysis. A peptide fragment of high-risk HPV subtype 16/18 protein, E6 protein (HP-1 protein sequence 48–66), was designed and synthesized, followed by the generation of polyclonal antibodies (anti-HP1 IgY) in our university-based laboratories. The titer and specificity of antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensor-based method was developed. Kinetic analyses by SPR confirmed that this designed peptide showed a high affinity with its generated polyclonal antibodies. Saliva fluid samples of thirty oral cancer patients and 13 healthy subjects were analyzed. SPR indicated that 26.8% of oral cancer patients had higher resonance unit (ΔRU) values than normal subjects. In conclusion, we developed a biosensor-based immunoassay to detect HPV E6 oncoprotein in the saliva rinse fluid for early screening and discrimination of HPV-related oral cancer patients.
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Point of care diagnostics and non-invasive sampling strategy: a review on major advances in veterinary diagnostics. ACTA VET BRNO 2022. [DOI: 10.2754/avb202291010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of point of care diagnostics (POCD) in animal diseases has steadily increased over the years since its introduction. Its potential application to diagnose infectious diseases in remote and resource limited settings have made it an ideal diagnostic in animal disease diagnosis and surveillance. The rapid increase in incidence of emerging infectious diseases requires urgent attention where POCD could be indispensable tools for immediate detection and early warning of a potential pathogen. The advantages of being rapid, easily affordable and the ability to diagnose an infectious disease on spot has driven an intense effort to refine and build on the existing technologies to generate advanced POCD with incremental improvements in analytical performance to diagnose a broad spectrum of animal diseases. The rural communities in developing countries are invariably affected by the burden of infectious animal diseases due to limited access to diagnostics and animal health personnel. Besides, the alarming trend of emerging and transboundary diseases with pathogen spill-overs at livestock-wildlife interfaces has been identified as a threat to the domestic population and wildlife conservation. Under such circumstances, POCD coupled with non-invasive sampling techniques could be successfully deployed at field level without the use of sophisticated laboratory infrastructures. This review illustrates the current and prospective POCD for existing and emerging animal diseases, the status of non-invasive sampling strategies for animal diseases, and the tremendous potential of POCD to uplift the status of global animal health care.
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Danthanarayana AN, Brgoch J, Willson RC. Photoluminescent Molecules and Materials as Diagnostic Reporters in Lateral Flow Assays. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:82-96. [PMID: 35014811 PMCID: PMC9798899 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The lateral flow assay (LFA) is a point-of-care diagnostic test commonly available in an over-the-counter format because of its simplicity, speed, low cost, and portability. The reporter particles in these assays are among their most significant components because they perform the diagnostic readout and dictate the test's sensitivity. Today, gold nanoparticles are frequently used as reporters, but recent work focusing on photoluminescent-based reporter technologies has pushed LFAs to better performance. These efforts have focused specifically on reporters made of organic fluorophores, quantum dots, lanthanide chelates, persistent luminescent phosphors, and upconversion phosphors. In most cases, photoluminescent reporters show enhanced sensitivity compared to conventional gold nanoparticle-based assays. Here, we examine the advantages and disadvantages of these different reporters and highlight their potential benefits in LFAs. Our assessment shows that photoluminescent-based LFAs can not only reach lower detection limits than LFAs with traditional reporters, but they also can be capable of quantitative and multiplex analyte detection. As a result, the photoluminescent reporters make LFAs well-suited for medical diagnostics, the food and agricultural industry, and environmental testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jakoah Brgoch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Richard C Willson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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40
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Ebrahiminejad V, Faraji Rad Z, Prewett PD, Davies GJ. Fabrication and testing of polymer microneedles for transdermal drug delivery. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 13:629-640. [PMID: 35874440 PMCID: PMC9273988 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle (MN) patches have considerable potential for medical applications such as transdermal drug delivery, point-of-care diagnostics, and vaccination. These miniature microdevices should successfully pierce the skin tissues while having enough stiffness to withstand the forces imposed by penetration. Developing low-cost and simple manufacturing processes for MNs is of considerable interest. This study reports a simple fabrication process for thermoplastic MNs from cycloolefin polymers (COP) using hot embossing on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) soft molds. COP has gained interest due to its high molding performance and low cost. The resin master MN arrays (9 × 9) were fabricated using two-photon polymerization (TPP). A previous gap in the detailed characterization of the embossing process was investigated, showing an average of 4.99 ± 0.35% longitudinal shrinkage and 2.15 ± 0.96% lateral enlargement in the molded MN replicas. The effects of bending, buckling, and tip blunting were then examined using compression tests and also theoretically. MN array insertion performance was studied in vitro on porcine back skin using both a prototype custom-made applicator and a commercial device. An adjustable skin stretcher mechanism was designed and manufactured to address current limitations for mimicking skin in vivo conditions. Finite element analysis (FEA) was developed to simulate single MN insertion into a multilayered skin model and validated experimentally using a commercial Pen Needle as a model for the thermoplastic MNs. Margins of safety for the current MN design demonstrated its potential for transdermal drug delivery and fluid sampling. Experimental results indicated significant penetration improvements using the prototype applicator, which produced array penetration efficiencies as high as >92%, depending on the impact velocity setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Ebrahiminejad
- School of Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia
| | - Zahra Faraji Rad
- School of Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia
| | - Philip D Prewett
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Oxacus Ltd., Dorchester-on-Thames, OX10 7HN, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J Davies
- Faculty of Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- College of Engineering & Physical Sciences, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Maniki PT, Khan R, Orchard A, De Rapper S, Padayachee N. Promoting the use of point of care testing in non-communicable disease screening among university students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICA NURSING SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Choi G, Guan W. An Ultracompact Real-Time Fluorescence Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Analyzer. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2393:257-278. [PMID: 34837184 PMCID: PMC9191622 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1803-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost access to the highly sensitive and specific detection of the pathogen in the field is a crucial attribute for the next generation point-of-care (POC) platforms. In this work, we developed a real-time fluorescence nucleic acid testing device with automated and scalable sample preparation capability for field malaria diagnosis. The palm-sized battery-powered analyzer equipped with a disposable microfluidic reagent compact disc described in the companion Chap. 16 which facilitates four isothermal nucleic acid tests in parallel from raw blood samples to answer. The platform has a user-friendly interface such as touchscreen LCD and smartphone data connectivity for on-site and remote healthcare delivery, respectively. The chapter mainly focuses on describing integration procedures of the real-time fluorescence LAMP analyzer and the validation of its subsystems. The device cost is significantly reduced compared to the commercial benchtop real-time machine and other existing POC platforms. As a platform technology, self-sustainable, portable, low-cost, and easy-to-use analyzer design should create a new paradigm of molecular diagnosis toward a variety of infectious diseases at the point of need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihoon Choi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
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Chen CH, Tsao YT, Yeh PT, Liao YH, Lee YT, Liao WT, Wang YC, Shen CF, Cheng CM. Detection of Microorganisms in Body Fluids via MTT-PMS Assay. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 12:46. [PMID: 35054213 PMCID: PMC8774610 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection of microorganisms is essential for the management of infectious diseases. However, this is challenging, as traditional culture methods are labor-intensive and time-consuming. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide-phenazine methosulfate (MTT-PMS) assay has been used to evaluate the metabolic activity in live cells and can thus be used for detecting living microorganisms. With the addition of NaOH and Tris-EDTA, the same approach can be accelerated (within 15 min) and used for the quick detection of common bacterial pathogens. The assay results can be evaluated colorimetrically or semi-quantitatively. Here, the quick detection by MTT-PMS assay was further investigated. The assay had a detection limit of approximately 104 CFU/mL. In clinical evaluations, we used the MTT-PMS assay to detect clinical samples and bacteriuria (>105 CFU/mL). The negative predictive value of the MTT-PMS assay for determining bacteriuria was 79.59% but was 100% when the interference of abnormal blood was excluded. Thus, the MTT-PMS assay might be a potential "rule-out" tool for bacterial detection in clinical samples, at a cost of approximately USD 1 per test. Owing to its low cost, rapid results, and easy-to-use characteristics, the MTT-PMS assay may be a potential tool for microorganism detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Han Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-T.L.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tsao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-T.L.)
| | - Po-Ting Yeh
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Hsiang Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-T.L.)
| | - Yi-Tzu Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-T.L.)
| | - Yung-Chih Wang
- National Defense Medical Center, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Fen Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-T.L.)
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Gupta N, Liang YN, Chew JW, Hu X. Highly Robust Interfacially Polymerized PA Layer on Thermally Responsive Semi-IPN Hydrogel: Toward On-Demand Tuning of Porosity and Surface Charge. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:60590-60601. [PMID: 34726903 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel composites with skin layer that allows fast and selective rejection of molecules possess high potential for numerous applications, including sample preconcentration for point-of-use detection and analysis. The stimuli-responsive hydrogels are particularly promising due to facile regenerability. However, poor adhesion of the skin layer due to swelling-degree difference during continuous swelling/deswelling of the hydrogel hinders its further development. In this work, a polyamide skin layer with strong adhesion was fabricated via gel-liquid interfacial polymerization (GLIP) of branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on a cross-linked N-isopropyl acrylamide hydrogel network containing dispersed poly sodium acrylate (PSA), while the traditional m-phenylenediamine (MPD)-TMC polyamide layer readily delaminates. We investigated the mechanistic design principle, which not only resulted in strong anchoring of the polyamide layer to the hydrogel surface but also enabled manipulation of the surface morphology, porosity, and surface charge by tailoring interfacial reaction conditions. The polyamide/hydrogel composite was able to withstand 100 cycles of swelling/deswelling without any delamination or a significant decrease in its rejection performance of the model dye, i.e., methylene blue. Regeneration can be done by deswelling the swollen beads at 60 °C, which also releases any loosely bound molecules together with absorbed water. This work provides insights into the development of a physically and chemically robust skin layer on various types of hydrogels for applications such as preconcentration, antifouling-coating, selective compound extraction, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Gupta
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141 Singapore
| | - Yen Nan Liang
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141 Singapore
| | - Jia Wei Chew
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
| | - Xiao Hu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141 Singapore
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45
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Kang J, Kang D, Yeom G, Park CJ. Molecular Diagnostic System Using Engineered Fusion Protein-Conjugated Magnetic Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16804-16812. [PMID: 34886672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To effectively control the spread of new infectious diseases, there is a need for highly sensitive diagnostic methods to detect viral nucleic acids rapidly. This study outlines a universal and simple detection strategy that uses magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a novel MagR-MazE fusion protein for molecular diagnostics to facilitate sensitive detection. This study has engineered a novel MNP conjugate that can be generated easily, without using many chemical reagents. The technique is a nucleic acid detection method, using MagR-MazE fusion protein-conjugated MNPs, where the results can be visualized with the naked eye, regardless of the oligonucleotide sequences of the target in the lateral flow assay. This method could sensitively detect polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the 2019-nCoV-N-positive control gene in 5 min. It shows a low limit of detection (LoD) of 0.013 ng/μL for dsDNA. It is simpler and more rapid, sensitive, and versatile than other techniques, making it suitable for point-of-care testing. The proposed detection system and MNP conjugation strategy using a fusion protein can be widely applied to various fields requiring rapid on-site diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyoung Kang
- SB BIOSCIENCE Co., Ltd., Daejeon34141, South Korea
| | - Donguk Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju61005, South Korea
| | - Gyuho Yeom
- SB BIOSCIENCE Co., Ltd., Daejeon34141, South Korea
| | - Chin-Ju Park
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju61005, South Korea
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Sánchez Martín D, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Zardán Gómez de la Torre T. Formation of Visible Aggregates between Rolling Circle Amplification Products and Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Strategy for Point-of-Care Diagnostics. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:32970-32976. [PMID: 34901648 PMCID: PMC8655940 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Visual detection of rolling circle amplification products (RCPs) has been achieved by specific aggregation with magnetic nanoparticles. The method presented here reliably generates aggregates in 1.5 h; these are visible to the naked eye in samples containing at least 0.4 fmol of RCPs. In addition, alternate current susceptometry and absorbance spectroscopy have also been used to quantify the amplified products. The specificity of the detection method was tested, and no non-specific aggregation was detected in samples containing up to 20 fmol of non-complementary amplified DNA. This method is a versatile tool for detecting pathogenic DNA in point-of-care diagnostics, with no readout equipment required. However, chips and automated assays can be used in conjugation with the developed method since detection and quantification can be achieved by commercially available readout instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darío Sánchez Martín
- Department
of Material Sciences and Engineering, Division of Nanotechnology and
Functional Materials, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez
- Department
of Material Sciences and Engineering, Division of Solid-State Physics,
Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala
University, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Teresa Zardán Gómez de la Torre
- Department
of Material Sciences and Engineering, Division of Nanotechnology and
Functional Materials, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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47
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Bagal-Kestwal DR, Chiang BH. Tamarindus indica seed-shell nanoparticles‑silver nanoparticles-Ceratonia silique bean gum composite for copper-micro mesh grid electrode fabrication and its application for glucose detection in artificial salivary samples. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:993-1007. [PMID: 34455001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study used a new approach to fabricate a glucose detection system based on nano-engineered biomaterials. The fabrication steps included strategic synthesis, integration and stabilization of biological and metal nanoparticles in superabsorbent hydrogel gum matrix. The design of the high-performance electrochemical biosensor platform includes copper-micro mesh grid electrode modified with polymer phase comprising of silver nanoparticles surface coroneted with Ceratonia silique locust bean gum (LBG), Tamarindus indica seed-shell nanoparticles and glucose oxidase (GOx). Fundamental assessment of catalytic properties of the nanobiocomposite films on copper grid probe were performed by cyclic voltammetry, amperometry, differential pulse voltammetry. Probes showed good repeatability, reproducibility, selectivity, and long-term stability. The GOx was well-immobilized and stabilized by C. siliqua nano-matrix, with 85% and 98% activity retention when stored at different condiions for 6 month and 3 months, respectively. The fabricated grid-platform exhibited linear response in a wide range of glucose concentration, with detection limit of 1.0 nM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity 38.7 mA nM-1 cm-2. The bionanomaterial-based sensor was successfully applied for ultra-low glucose detection in artificial salivary samples. The designed sensor, perhaps with further modifications, has potential for the next generation of sensing platform in various biological fluids especially for non-invasive glucose detection for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipali R Bagal-Kestwal
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No.1, Roosevelt Road, section 4, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Been-Huang Chiang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No.1, Roosevelt Road, section 4, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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48
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Bordbar MM, Sheini A, Hashemi P, Hajian A, Bagheri H. Disposable Paper-Based Biosensors for the Point-of-Care Detection of Hazardous Contaminations-A Review. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:316. [PMID: 34562906 PMCID: PMC8464915 DOI: 10.3390/bios11090316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The fast detection of trace amounts of hazardous contaminations can prevent serious damage to the environment. Paper-based sensors offer a new perspective on the world of analytical methods, overcoming previous limitations by fabricating a simple device with valuable benefits such as flexibility, biocompatibility, disposability, biodegradability, easy operation, large surface-to-volume ratio, and cost-effectiveness. Depending on the performance type, the device can be used to analyze the analyte in the liquid or vapor phase. For liquid samples, various structures (including a dipstick, as well as microfluidic and lateral flow) have been constructed. Paper-based 3D sensors are prepared by gluing and folding different layers of a piece of paper, being more user-friendly, due to the combination of several preparation methods, the integration of different sensor elements, and the connection between two methods of detection in a small set. Paper sensors can be used in chromatographic, electrochemical, and colorimetric processes, depending on the type of transducer. Additionally, in recent years, the applicability of these sensors has been investigated in various applications, such as food and water quality, environmental monitoring, disease diagnosis, and medical sciences. Here, we review the development (from 2010 to 2021) of paper methods in the field of the detection and determination of toxic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Bordbar
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19945, Iran;
| | - Azarmidokht Sheini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shohadaye Hoveizeh Campus of Technology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Dashte Azadegan 78986, Iran;
| | - Pegah Hashemi
- Research and Development Department, Farin Behbood Tashkhis Ltd., Tehran 16471, Iran;
| | - Ali Hajian
- Institute of Sensor and Actuator Systems, TU Wien, Gusshausstrasse 27-29, 1040 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Hasan Bagheri
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19945, Iran;
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Gao J, He S, Nag A, Wong JWC. A Review of the Use of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene-Based Sensors for the Detection of Aflatoxin M1 Compounds in Milk. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:3602. [PMID: 34064254 PMCID: PMC8196808 DOI: 10.3390/s21113602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive review of the detection of aflatoxin compounds using carbon allotrope-based sensors. Although aflatoxin M1 and its derivative aflatoxin B1 compounds have been primarily found in milk and other food products, their presence above a threshold concentration causes disastrous health-related anomalies in human beings, such as growth impairment, underweight and even carcinogenic and immunosuppressive effects. Among the many sensors developed to detect the presence of these compounds, the employment of certain carbon allotropes, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene, has been highly preferred due to their enhanced electromechanical properties. These conductive nanomaterials have shown excellent quantitative performance in terms of sensitivity and selectivity for the chosen aflatoxin compounds. This paper elucidates some of the significant examples of the CNTs and graphene-based sensors measuring Aflatoxin M1 (ATM1) and Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) compounds at low concentrations. The fabrication technique and performance of each of the sensors are shown here, as well as some of the challenges existing with the current sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrong Gao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Shan He
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Anindya Nag
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 251600, China
| | - Jonathan Woon Chung Wong
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong, China;
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50
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Ganbaatar U, Liu C. CRISPR-Based COVID-19 Testing: Toward Next-Generation Point-of-Care Diagnostics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:663949. [PMID: 33996635 PMCID: PMC8120276 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.663949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, people are becoming infected at an alarming rate, individuals are unknowingly spreading disease, and more lives are lost every day. There is an immediate need for a simple, rapid, early and sensitive point-of-care testing for COVID-19 disease. However, current testing approaches do not meet such need. Recently, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based detection methods have received substantial attention for nucleic acid-based molecular testing due to their simplicity, high sensitivity and specificity. This review explores the various CRISPR-based COVID-19 detection methods and related diagnostic devices. As with any emerging technology, CRISPR/Cas-based nucleic acid testing methods have several challenges that must be overcome for practical applications in clinics and hospitals. More importantly, these detection methods are not limited to COVID-19 but can be applied to detect any type of pathogen, virus, and fungi that may threaten humans, agriculture, and food industries in resource-limited settings. CRISPR/Cas-based detection methods have the potential to become simpler, more reliable, more affordable, and faster in the near future, which is highly important for achieving point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uyanga Ganbaatar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Changchun Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
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