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Yan Q, Zhao Z, Liu D, Li J, Pan S, Duan J, Liu Z. Novel immune cross-talk between inflammatory bowel disease and IgA nephropathy. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2337288. [PMID: 38628140 PMCID: PMC11025414 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2337288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the complex correlation between immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the optimal cross-talk genes, potential pathways, and mutual immune-infiltrating microenvironments between IBD and IgAN to elucidate the linkage between patients with IBD and IgAN. The IgAN and IBD datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Three algorithms, CIBERSORTx, ssGSEA, and xCell, were used to evaluate the similarities in the infiltrating microenvironment between the two diseases. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was implemented in the IBD dataset to identify the major immune infiltration modules, and the Boruta algorithm, RFE algorithm, and LASSO regression were applied to filter the cross-talk genes. Next, multiple machine learning models were applied to confirm the optimal cross-talk genes. Finally, the relevant findings were validated using histology and immunohistochemistry analysis of IBD mice. Immune infiltration analysis showed no significant differences between IBD and IgAN samples in most immune cells. The three algorithms identified 10 diagnostic genes, MAPK3, NFKB1, FDX1, EPHX2, SYNPO, KDF1, METTL7A, RIDA, HSDL2, and RIPK2; FDX1 and NFKB1 were enhanced in the kidney of IBD mice. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed 15 mutual pathways between the two diseases, with lipid metabolism playing a vital role in the cross-talk. Our findings offer insights into the shared immune mechanisms of IgAN and IBD. These common pathways, diagnostic cross-talk genes, and cell-mediated abnormal immunity may inform further experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yan
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dongwei Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shaokang Pan
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiayu Duan
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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Mathias K, Machado RS, Stork S, Martins CD, Dos Santos D, Lippert FW, Prophiro JS, Petronilho F. Short-chain fatty acid on blood-brain barrier and glial function in ischemic stroke. Life Sci 2024; 354:122979. [PMID: 39147315 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is the second most common cause of death and one of the most common causes of disability worldwide. The intestine is home to several microorganisms that fulfill essential functions for the natural and physiological functioning of the human body. There is an interaction between the central nervous system (CNS) and the gastrointestinal system that enables bidirectional communication between them, the so-called gut-brain axis. Based on the gut-brain axis, there is evidence of a link between the gut microbiota and the regulation of microglial functions through glial activation. This interaction is partly due to the immunological properties of the microbiota and its connection with the CNS, such that metabolites produced by the microbiota can cross the gut barrier, enter the bloodstream and reach the CNS and significantly affect microglia, astrocytes and other cells of the immune system. Studies addressing the effects of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on glial function and the BBB in ischemic stroke are still scarce. Therefore, this review aims to stimulate the investigation of these associations, as well as to generate new studies on this topic that can clarify the role of SCFAs after stroke in a more robust manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khiany Mathias
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil; Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Richard Simon Machado
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil; Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Solange Stork
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil; Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Carla Damasio Martins
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - David Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Weinheimer Lippert
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Josiane Somariva Prophiro
- Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil.
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3
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Nunzi E, Pariano M, Costantini C, Garaci E, Puccetti P, Romani L. Host-microbe serotonin metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00195-4. [PMID: 39142913 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
As a result of a long evolutionary history, serotonin plays a variety of physiological roles, including neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and endocrine functions. While many of these activities can be accommodated within the serotoninergic activity, recent findings have revealed an unsuspected role of serotonin in orchestrating host and microbial dialogue at the tryptophan dining table, to the benefit of local and systemic homeostasis. Herein we review the dual role of serotonin at the host-microbe interface and discuss how unraveling the interconnections among the host and microbial pathways of tryptophan degradation may help to accommodate the versatility of serotonin in physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Nunzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marilena Pariano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudio Costantini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Puccetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigina Romani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Casa di cura San Raffaele, Sulmona, L'Aquila, Italy.
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4
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Li R, Miao Z, Liu Y, Chen X, Wang H, Su J, Chen J. The Brain-Gut-Bone Axis in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights, Challenges, and Future Prospects. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2307971. [PMID: 39120490 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are global health challenges characterized by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells, leading to cognitive and motor impairments. The brain-gut-bone axis, a complex network that modulates multiple physiological systems, has gained increasing attention owing to its profound effects on the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases. No comprehensive review has been conducted to clarify the triangular relationship involving the brain-gut-bone axis and its potential for innovative therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. In light of this, a new perspective is aimed to propose on the interplay between the brain, gut, and bone systems, highlighting the potential of their dynamic communication in neurodegenerative diseases, as they modulate multiple physiological systems, including the nervous, immune, endocrine, and metabolic systems. Therapeutic strategies for maintaining the balance of the axis, including brain health regulation, intestinal microbiota regulation, and improving skeletal health, are also explored. The intricate physiological interactions within the brain-gut-bone axis pose a challenge in the development of effective treatments that can comprehensively target this system. Furthermore, the safety of these treatments requires further evaluation. This review offers a novel insights and strategies for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, which have important implications for clinical practice and patient well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zong Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yu'e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Hongxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Juxiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Jiang Z, Ainiwaer M, Liu J, Ying B, Luo F, Sun X. Hydrogen therapy: recent advances and emerging materials. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:4136-4154. [PMID: 39021349 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00446a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen therapy, leveraging its selective attenuation of hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) and ONOO-, has emerged as a pivotal pathophysiological modulator with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic attributes. Hydrogen therapy has been extensively studied both preclinically and clinically, especially in diseases with an inflammatory nature. Despite the substantial progress, challenges persist in achieving high hydrogen concentrations in target lesions, especially in cancer treatment. A notable breakthrough lies in water/acid reactive materials, offering enhanced hydrogen generation and sustained release potential. However, limitations include hydrogen termination upon material depletion and reduced bioavailability at targeted lesions. To overcome these challenges, catalytic materials like photocatalytic and sonocatalytic materials have surfaced as promising solutions. With enhanced permeability and retention effects, these materials exhibit targeted delivery and sustained stimuli-reactive hydrogen release. The future of hydrogen therapy hinges on continuous exploration and modification of catalytic materials. Researchers are urged to prioritize improved catalytic efficiency, enhanced lesion targeting effects, and heightened biosafety and biocompatibility in future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mailudan Ainiwaer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Fengming Luo
- Center for High Altitude Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuping Sun
- Center for High Altitude Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
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6
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Aghaei SM, Hosseini SM. Inflammation-related miRNAs in obesity, CVD, and NAFLD. Cytokine 2024; 182:156724. [PMID: 39106574 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pose significant worldwide health challenges, characterized by complex interplay among inflammatory pathways that underlie their development. In this review, we examine the contribution of inflammation and associated signaling molecules to the pathogenesis of these conditions, while also emphasizing the significant participation of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in modulating inflammatory pathways. In the context of obesity, aberrant expression patterns of inflammatory-associated miRNAs play a contributory role in adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, thereby exacerbating disturbances in metabolic homeostasis. Similarly, in CVD, dysregulated miRNA expression alters inflammatory reactions, disrupts endothelial function, and induces cardiac remodeling, thereby impacting the advancement of the disease. Moreover, in the context of NAFLD, inflammatory-associated miRNAs are implicated in mediating hepatic inflammation, lipid deposition, and fibrosis, underscoring their candidacy as promising therapeutic targets. Additionally, the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network has emerged as a novel regulatory mechanism in the etiology of CVD, obesity, and NAFLD, wherein ncRNAs assume pivotal roles in facilitating communication across diverse molecular pathways. Moreover, in the concluding section, we underscored the potential efficacy of directing interventions towards inflammatory-related miRNAs utilizing herbal remedies and therapies based on exosome delivery systems as a promising strategy for ameliorating pathologies associated with inflammation in obesity, CVD, and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Mohsen Aghaei
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Mostafa Hosseini
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Nie C, Lan J, Guo H, Ouyang Q, Zhao Y, Wang P, Wang R, Li Y, Wang X, Fang B, Zhan J, Zhu L, Chen C, Zhang W, Liao H, Liu R. Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides (CPP) intervention alleviates sterigmatocystin (STC)-induced liver injury and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133190. [PMID: 38897503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides (CPP), the main active ingredient of Codonopsis pilosula, has gained significant attention as a liver-protective agent. Previous studies have demonstrated that CPP could alleviate gut microbiota dysbiosis in colitis or obese mice. However, the effects of CPP on mycotoxin-induced liver injury and gut microbiota dysbiosis are still poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of CPP on sterigmatocystin (STC)-induced liver injury, as well as its regulatory effects on gut microbiota. Our results revealed that CPP intervention significantly alleviated STC-induced liver injury, as evidenced by decreased liver index, reduced liver histopathological changes, and modulation of related molecular markers. Additionally, we found that CPP could alleviate liver injury by reducing liver inflammation and oxidative stress, inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis, and regulating lipid metabolism. Notably, we also observed that CPP could alleviate STC-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis by modulating the diversity and richness of gut microbiota, suggesting that gut microbiota modulation may also serve as a mechanism for CPP-mediated remission of liver injury. In summary, our study not only provided a new theoretical basis for understanding the hepatotoxicity of STC and the protective effects of CPP against STC-induced liver injury, but also provided new perspectives for the application of CPP in the fields of food, healthcare products, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Nie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Jie Lan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Haiying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Qinqin Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Yunyi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Pengjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Xifan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Bing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Jing Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Longjiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Weibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Haiping Liao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China.
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López-Bermudo L, Moreno-Chamba B, Salazar-Bermeo J, Hayward NJ, Morris A, Duncan GJ, Russell WR, Cárdenas A, Ortega Á, Escudero-López B, Berná G, Martí Bruña N, Duncan SH, Neacsu M, Martin F. Persimmon Fiber-Rich Ingredients Promote Anti-Inflammatory Responses and the Growth of Beneficial Anti-Inflammatory Firmicutes Species from the Human Colon. Nutrients 2024; 16:2518. [PMID: 39125398 PMCID: PMC11314113 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Persimmon fruit processing-derived waste and by-products, such as peels and pomace, are important sources of dietary fiber and phytochemicals. Revalorizing these by-products could help promote circular nutrition and agricultural sustainability while tackling dietary deficiencies and chronic diseases. In this study, fiber-rich fractions were prepared from the by-products of Sharoni and Brilliant Red persimmon varieties. These fractions were quantified for their phenolic composition and assessed for their ability to promote the growth of beneficial human colonic Firmicutes species and for their in vitro anti-inflammatory potential. Gallic and protocatechuic acids, delphinidin, and cyanidin were the main phenolics identified. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii strains showed significantly higher growth rates in the presence of the Brilliant Red fraction, generating more than double butyrate as a proportion of the total short-chain fatty acids (39.5% vs. 17.8%) when compared to glucose. The fiber-rich fractions significantly decreased the inflammatory effect of interleukin-1β in Caco-2 cells, and the fermented fractions (both from Sharoni and Brilliant Red) significantly decreased the inflammatory effect of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the RAW 264.7 cells. Therefore, fiber-rich fractions from persimmon by-products could be part of nutritional therapies as they reduce systemic inflammation, promote the growth of beneficial human gut bacteria, and increase the production of beneficial microbial metabolites such as butyrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía López-Bermudo
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Pablo de Olavide University, University of Seville, CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain; (L.L.-B.); (Á.O.); (B.E.-L.); (G.B.)
- Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bryan Moreno-Chamba
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Sanitary Biotechnology of Elche, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain; (B.M.-C.)
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Salazar-Bermeo
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Sanitary Biotechnology of Elche, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain; (B.M.-C.)
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Nicholas J. Hayward
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Amanda Morris
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Gary J. Duncan
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Wendy R. Russell
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Antonio Cárdenas
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Pablo de Olavide University, University of Seville, CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain; (L.L.-B.); (Á.O.); (B.E.-L.); (G.B.)
- Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángeles Ortega
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Pablo de Olavide University, University of Seville, CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain; (L.L.-B.); (Á.O.); (B.E.-L.); (G.B.)
- Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Escudero-López
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Pablo de Olavide University, University of Seville, CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain; (L.L.-B.); (Á.O.); (B.E.-L.); (G.B.)
- Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Genoveva Berná
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Pablo de Olavide University, University of Seville, CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain; (L.L.-B.); (Á.O.); (B.E.-L.); (G.B.)
- Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Martí Bruña
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Sanitary Biotechnology of Elche, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain; (B.M.-C.)
| | - Sylvia H. Duncan
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Madalina Neacsu
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Franz Martin
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Pablo de Olavide University, University of Seville, CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain; (L.L.-B.); (Á.O.); (B.E.-L.); (G.B.)
- Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Jacob SM, Lee S, Kim SH, Sharkey KA, Pfeffer G, Nguyen MD. Brain-body mechanisms contribute to sexual dimorphism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Rev Neurol 2024; 20:475-494. [PMID: 38965379 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of human motor neuron disease. It is characterized by the progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons, leading to generalized motor weakness and, ultimately, respiratory paralysis and death within 3-5 years. The disease is shaped by genetics, age, sex and environmental stressors, but no cure or routine biomarkers exist for the disease. Male individuals have a higher propensity to develop ALS, and a different manifestation of the disease phenotype, than female individuals. However, the mechanisms underlying these sex differences remain a mystery. In this Review, we summarize the epidemiology of ALS, examine the sexually dimorphic presentation of the disease and highlight the genetic variants and molecular pathways that might contribute to sex differences in humans and animal models of ALS. We advance the idea that sexual dimorphism in ALS arises from the interactions between the CNS and peripheral organs, involving vascular, metabolic, endocrine, musculoskeletal and immune systems, which are strikingly different between male and female individuals. Finally, we review the response to treatments in ALS and discuss the potential to implement future personalized therapeutic strategies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Jacob
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sukyoung Lee
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gerald Pfeffer
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Minh Dang Nguyen
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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10
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Lu S, Zhao Q, Guan Y, Sun Z, Li W, Guo S, Zhang A. The communication mechanism of the gut-brain axis and its effect on central nervous system diseases: A systematic review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117207. [PMID: 39067168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is involved in intricate and active metabolic processes the host's brain function, especially its role in immune responses, secondary metabolism, and symbiotic connections with the host. Gut microbiota can promote the production of essential metabolites, neurotransmitters, and other neuroactive chemicals that affect the development and treatment of central nervous system diseases. This article introduces the relevant pathways and manners of the communication between the brain and gut, summarizes a comprehensive overview of the current research status of key gut microbiota metabolites that affect the functions of the nervous system, revealing those adverse factors that affect typical communication between the brain-gut axis, and outlining the efforts made by researchers to alleviate these neurological diseases through targeted microbial interventions. The relevant pathways and manners of communication between the brain and gut contribute to the experimental design of new treatment plans and drug development. The factors that may cause changes in gut microbiota and affect metabolites, as well as current intervention methods are summarized, which helps improve gut microbiota brain dialogue, prevent adverse triggering factors from interfering with the gut microbiota system, and minimize neuropathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, GAP Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qiqi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, GAP Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yu Guan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, GAP Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhiwen Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- School of Basic Medical Science of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Sifan Guo
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China; Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia.
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11
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Zhang LL, Xu JY, Wei W, Hu ZQ, Zhou Y, Zheng JY, Sha Y, Zhao L, Yang J, Sun Q, Qin LQ. Dietary restriction and fasting alleviate radiation-induced intestinal injury by inhibiting cGAS/STING activation. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 133:109707. [PMID: 39053858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Radiation injury to the intestine is one of the most common complications in patients undergoing abdominal or pelvic cavity radiotherapy, limiting the clinical application of this treatment. Evidence shows the potential benefits of dietary restriction in improving metabolic profiles and age-related diseases. The present study investigated the effects and mechanisms of dietary restriction in radiation-induced intestinal injury. The mice were randomly divided into the control group, 10 Gy total abdominal irradiation (TAI) group, and groups pretreated with 30% caloric restriction (CR) for 7 days or 24 h fasting before TAI. After radiation, the mice were returned to ad libitum. The mice were sacrificed 3.5 days after radiation, and tissue samples were collected. CR and fasting reduced radiation-induced intestinal damage and promoted intestinal recovery by restoring the shortened colon length, improving the impaired intestinal structure and permeability, and remodeling gut microbial structure. CR and fasting also significantly reduced mitochondrial damage and DNA damage, which in turn reduced activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon gene (cGAS/STING) pathway and the production of type I interferon and other chemokines in the jejunum. Since the cGAS/STING pathway is linked with innate immunity, we further showed that CR and fasting induced polarization to immunosuppressive M2 macrophage, decreased CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and downregulated proinflammatory factors in the jejunum. Our findings indicated that CR and fasting alleviate radiation-induced intestinal damage by reducing cGAS/STING-mediated harmful immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia-Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia-Yang Zheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Sha
- Department of Medical Technology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Office of the Hosptial, Changzhou No.7 People's Hospital, Changzhou Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Office of the Hosptial, Changzhou No.7 People's Hospital, Changzhou Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
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12
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Yao H, Chen J, Wang Y, Li Y, Jiang Q. Assessing causal relationships between gut microbiota and abortion: evidence from two sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1415730. [PMID: 39050566 PMCID: PMC11266152 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1415730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background While some studies have suggested a link between gut microbiota (GM) and abortion, the causal relationship remains unclear. Methods To explore the causal relationship between GM and abortion, including spontaneous abortion (SA) and habitual abortion (HA), we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. We used summary statistics data from MiBioGen and FinnGen for genome-wide association studies (GWAS), with GM data as the exposure variable and abortion data as the outcome variable. Results In the absence of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy, the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method identified five genetically predicted GM genera linked to the risk of abortions. Lactococcus was negatively correlated with the risk of SA, whereas the Eubacterium fissicatena group was positively correlated with the risk of SA. Genetic predictions of Coprococcus3 and Odoribacter were linked to a reduced risk of HA, while the Eubacterium ruminantium group was associated with an increased risk of HA. Conclusion Our study suggests a genetic causal relationship between specific GM and two types of abortions, improving our understanding of the pathological relationship between GM and abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Graduate School of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Graduate School of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qingling Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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13
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Yuan L, Li W, Hu S, Wang Y, Wang S, Tian H, Sun X, Yang X, Hu M, Zhang Y. Protective effects of ginsenosides on ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis and systematic review to reveal the mechanisms of action. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01516-w. [PMID: 38977646 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01516-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon. Ginsenoside may be an ideal agent for UC treatment. However, its efficacy and safety are unknown. We aim to conduct a systematic evaluation to assess the effects and potential mechanisms of ginsenosides in animal models of UC. METHODS Six electronic databases will be searched (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (CQVIP), and Wanfang Data Knowledge). SYRCLE list will be used to assess the quality of literature, and STATA 15.1 for data analysis. Time-dose effects analysis will be used to reveal the time-dosage response relations between ginsenosides and UC. RESULTS Ultimately, fifteen studies involving 300 animals were included. Preliminary evidence was shown that ginsenosides could reduce Disease Activity Index (DAI) scores, weight loss, histological colitis score (HCS), spleen weight, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and increase colon length (CL), myeloperoxidase (GSH), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 10 (IL-10), Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin. Results of time-dose interval analysis indicated that ginsenosides at a dosage of 5-200 mg/kg with an intervention time of 7-28 days were relatively effective. CONCLUSIONS Preclinical evidence suggests that ginsenoside is a novel treatment for UC. And the mechanisms of ginsenosides in treating UC may involve anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, barrier protection, intestinal flora regulation, and immune regulation. Although, due to the high heterogeneity, further large-scale and high-quality preclinical studies are needed to examine the protection of ginsenosides against UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Yuan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuangyuan Hu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingyi Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaofeng Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huai'e Tian
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuhui Sun
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuli Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyun Hu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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14
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Yuan M, Chang L, Gao P, Li J, Lu X, Hua M, Li X, Liu X, Lan Y. Synbiotics containing sea buckthorn polysaccharides ameliorate DSS-induced colitis in mice via regulating Th17/Treg homeostasis through intestinal microbiota and their production of BA metabolites and SCFAs. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133794. [PMID: 38992530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic condition whose incidence has been rising globally. Synbiotic (SYN) is an effective means of preventing IBD. This study investigated the preventive effects and potential biological mechanisms of SYN (Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and sea buckthorn polysaccharides) on DSS-induced colitis in mice. The results indicated that dietary supplementation with SYN has a significant improvement effect on DSS mice. SYN ameliorated disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and intestinal barrier permeability in mice. In addition, RT-qPCR results indicated that after SYN intervention, the expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-17F) and transcription factor RORγt secreted by Th17 cells were significantly reduced, and the expression levels of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10 and TGF-β) and transcription factor Foxp3 secreted by Treg cells were robustly increased. 16S rDNA sequencing analysis revealed that key intestinal microbiota related to Th17/Treg balance (Ligilactobacillus, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Akkermansia) was significantly enriched. At the same time, a significant increase in microbial metabolites SCFAs and BAs was observed. We speculate that SYN may regulate the Th17/Treg balance by restructuring the structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota, thereby mitigating DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyou Yuan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lili Chang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xinyuan Lu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mingfang Hua
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiulian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ying Lan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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15
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Liu M, Li L, Xue Y, Sun M, Xiang F, Zhao K, Zhang W, Lei B, Shang C, Hu Y, Yuan W. Effect of intestinal microbiota on duck short-beak and dwarf syndrome caused by novel goose parvovirus. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103853. [PMID: 38795515 PMCID: PMC11199938 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Short-beak and dwarf syndrome (SBDS) is caused by infection with novel goose parvovirus (NGPV), which leads to intestinal dysbiosis, developmental delay, short beak, lameness, and paralysis in ducks and is the cause of skeletal health problems. NGPV infection can cause intestinal microbial disturbances, but it is still unclear whether the intestinal microbiota affects the pathogenicity of NGPV. Here, the effects of intestinal microbiota on NGPV-induced SBDS in Cherry Valley ducks were assessed by establishing a duck model for gut microflora depletion/reestablishment through antibiotics (ABX) treatment/fecal microbiota transplanted (FMT). By measuring body weight, beak length, beak width and tarsal length, we found that SBDS clinical symptoms were alleviated in ducks treated with ABX, but not in FMT ducks. Next, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of bone metabolism, gut barrier integrity, and inflammation levels using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), biochemical analysis and histological analysis. The results showed that ABX treatment improved bone quality reduced bone resorption, mitigated tissue lesions, protected intestinal barrier integrity, and inhibited systemic inflammation in NGPV-infected ducks. Moreover, cecal microflora composition and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production were examined by bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing and gas chromatography. The results revealed that ABX treatment mitigated the decreased abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota in NGPV-infected ducks, as well as increased SCFAs production. Furthermore, ABX treatment reduced the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (Malt1) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) expression, which are correlated with systemic inflammation in SBDS ducks. These findings suggested that intestinal microflora depletion alleviated NGPV-induced SBDS by maintaining intestinal homeostasis, inhibiting inflammatory response and alleviating bone resorption. These results provide evidence for the pivotal role of intestinal microbiota in the process of SBDS and contribute a theoretical basis for the feasibility of microecological preparation as a method to control SBDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Limin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Yongzhi Xue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Maoyuan Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Fengjun Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Kuan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Wuchao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Baishi Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | | | - Yibin Hu
- Beijing Centrebio Biological Co., Ltd, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Wanzhe Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China.
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16
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Nie X, Li Q, Chen X, Onyango S, Xie J, Nie S. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: Vital contributors to physiology from bacteria to host. Microbiol Res 2024; 284:127733. [PMID: 38678680 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) represent spherical particles with diameters ranging from 20 to 400 nm filled with multiple parental bacteria-derived components, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other biomolecules. The production of bEVs facilitates bacteria interacting with their environment and exerting biological functions. It is increasingly evident that the bEVs play integral roles in both bacterial and host physiology, contributing to environmental adaptations to functioning as health promoters for their hosts. This review highlights the current state of knowledge on the composition, biogenesis, and diversity of bEVs and the mechanisms by which different bEVs elicit effects on bacterial physiology and host health. We posit that an in-depth exploration of the mechanistic aspects of bEVs activity is essential to elucidate their health-promoting effects on the host and may facilitate the translation of bEVs into applications as novel natural biological nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinke Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qiqiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xinyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | | | - Junhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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17
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Liu M, Lu Y, Xue G, Han L, Jia H, Wang Z, Zhang J, Liu P, Yang C, Zhou Y. Role of short-chain fatty acids in host physiology. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38940192 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are major metabolites produced by the gut microbiota through the fermentation of dietary fiber, and they have garnered significant attention due to their close association with host health. As important mediators between the gut microbiota and the host, SCFAs serve as energy substrates for intestinal epithelial cells and maintain homeostasis in host immune and energy metabolism by influencing host epigenetics, activating G protein-coupled receptors, and inhibiting pathogenic microbial infections. This review provides a comprehensive summary of SCFAs synthesis and metabolism and offering an overview of the latest research progress on their roles in protecting gut health, enhancing energy metabolism, mitigating diseases such as cancer, obesity, and diabetes, modulating the gut-brain axis and gut-lung axis, and promoting bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Liu
- Stem Cell Storage Center, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Hebei Women and Children's Health Hospital, Hebei Research Institute For Reproductive Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yubo Lu
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyu Xue
- Stem Cell Storage Center, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Hebei Women and Children's Health Hospital, Hebei Research Institute For Reproductive Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Le Han
- Prevention Health Section, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Hebei Women and Children's Health Hospital, Hebei Research Institute For Reproductive Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hanbing Jia
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Hebei Women and Children's Health Hospital, Hebei Research Institute For Reproductive Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Hebei Women and Children's Health Hospital, Hebei Research Institute For Reproductive Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Obstetrical, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Hebei Women and Children's Health Hospital, Hebei Research Institute For Reproductive Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Hebei Women and Children's Health Hospital, Hebei Research Institute For Reproductive Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chaojuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, Hebei Women and Children's Health Hospital, Hebei Research Institute For Reproductive Health, Shijiazhuang, China
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18
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Mu YF, Gao ZX, Mao ZH, Pan SK, Liu DW, Liu ZS, Wu P. Perspectives on the involvement of the gut microbiota in salt-sensitive hypertension. Hypertens Res 2024:10.1038/s41440-024-01747-y. [PMID: 38877311 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01747-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Salt-sensitivity hypertension (SSH) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular event-related death. Despite the extensiveness of research on hypertension, which covers areas such as the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin system, the vascular system, and the immune system, its pathogenesis remains elusive, with sub-optimal blood pressure control in patients. The gut microbiota is an important component of nutritional support and constitutes a barrier in the host. Long-term high salt intake can lead to gut microbiota dysbiosis and cause significant changes in the expression of gut microbiota-related metabolites. Of these metabolites, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), trimethylamine oxide, amino acids, bile acids, and lipopolysaccharide are essential mediators of microbe-host crosstalk. These metabolites may contribute to the incidence and development of SSH via inflammatory, immune, vascular, and nervous pathways, among others. In addition, recent studies, including those on the histone deacetylase inhibitory mechanism of SCFAs and the blood pressure-decreasing effects of H2S via vascular activation, suggest that several proteins and factors in the classical pathway elicit their effects through multiple non-classical pathways. This review summarizes changes in the gut microbiota and its related metabolites in high-salt environments, as well as corresponding treatment methods for SSH, such as diet management, probiotic and prebiotic use, antibiotic use, and fecal transplantation, to provide new insights and perspectives for understanding SSH pathogenesis and the development of strategies for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fan Mu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Xiuzi Gao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zi-Hui Mao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shao-Kang Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong-Wei Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Suo Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Peng Wu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.
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Liu Y, Zhang J, Yang G, Tang C, Li X, Lu L, Long K, Sun J, Ding Y, Li X, Li M, Ge L, Ma J. Effects of the commensal microbiota on spleen and mesenteric lymph node immune function: investigation in a germ-free piglet model. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1398631. [PMID: 38933022 PMCID: PMC11201156 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1398631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Commensal microbial-host interaction is crucial for host metabolism, growth, development, and immunity. However, research on microbial-host immunity in large animal models has been limited. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the commensal microbiota on immune function in two model groups: germ-free (GF) and specific-pathogen-free (SPF) piglets. The weight and organ index of the spleen of the GF piglet were larger than those in the SPF piglet (P < 0.05). The histological structure of the red pulp area and mean area of germinal centers were larger in the SPF piglet than in the GF piglet (P < 0.05), whereas the areas of staining of B cells and T cells in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were lower in the GF piglet (P < 0.05). We identified immune-related genes in the spleen and MLNs using RNA sequencing, and used real-time quantitative PCR to analyze the expression of core genes identified in gene set enrichment analysis. The expression levels of genes in the transforming growth factor-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor 2/MyD88/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, and pro-inflammatory factor genes IL-6 and TNF-α in the spleen and MLNs were higher in the SPF piglet and in splenic lymphocytes compared with those in the GF and control group, respectively, under treatment with acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or concanavalin A (ConA). The abundances of plasma cells, CD8++ T cells, follicular helper T cells, and resting natural killer cells in the spleen and MLNs were significantly greater in the SPF piglet than in the GF piglet (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the commensal microbiota influenced the immune tissue structure, abundances of immune cells, and expression of immune-related pathways, indicating the importance of the commensal microbiota for spleen and MLNs development and function. In our study, GF piglet was used as the research model, eliminating the interference of microbiota in the experiment, and providing a suitable and efficient large animal research model for exploring the mechanism of "microbial-host" interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Guitao Yang
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuang Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaokai Li
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Keren Long
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuchun Ding
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangpeng Ge
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jideng Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
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Morrow NM, Morissette A, Mulvihill EE. Immunomodulation and inflammation: Role of GLP-1R and GIPR expressing cells within the gut. Peptides 2024; 176:171200. [PMID: 38555054 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are peptide hormones produced by enteroendocrine cells in the small intestine. Despite being produced in the gut, the leveraging of their role in potentiating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, also known as the incretin effect, has distracted from discernment of direct intestinal signaling circuits. Both preclinical and clinical evidence have highlighted a role for the incretins in inflammation. In this review, we highlight the discoveries of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R)+ natural (TCRαβ and TCRγδ) and induced (TCRαβ+CD4+ cells and TCRαβ+CD8αβ+) intraepithelial lymphocytes. Both endogenous signaling and pharmacological activation of GLP-1R impact local and systemic inflammation, the gut microbiota, whole-body metabolism, as well as the control of GLP-1 bioavailability. While GIPR signaling has been documented to impact hematopoiesis, the impact of these bone marrow-derived cells in gut immunology is not well understood. We uncover gaps in the literature of the evaluation of the impact of sex in these GLP-1R and GIP receptor (GIPR) signaling circuits and provide speculations of the maintenance roles these hormones play within the gut in the fasting-refeeding cycles. GLP-1R agonists and GLP-1R/GIPR agonists are widely used as treatments for diabetes and weight loss, respectively; however, their impact on gut homeostasis has not been fully explored. Advancing our understanding of the roles of GLP-1R and GIPR signaling within the gut at homeostasis as well as metabolic and inflammatory diseases may provide targets to improve disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadya M Morrow
- The University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, H-3229A, Ottawa, Ontario KIY 4W7, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Arianne Morissette
- The University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, H-3229A, Ottawa, Ontario KIY 4W7, Canada
| | - Erin E Mulvihill
- The University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, H-3229A, Ottawa, Ontario KIY 4W7, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Montreal Diabetes Research Group, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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21
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Zhang Y, Han L, Dong J, Yuan Z, Yao W, Ji P, Hua Y, Wei Y. Shaoyao decoction improves damp-heat colitis by activating the AHR/IL-22/STAT3 pathway through tryptophan metabolism driven by gut microbiota. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117874. [PMID: 38342152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The efficacy of Shaoyao Decoction (SYD), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, in treating damp-heat colitis is established, but its underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY Our study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of action of SYD in treating damp-heat colitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mouse model of damp-heat colitis was induced and treated with SYD via gavage for seven days. The therapeutic efficacy of SYD was assessed through clinical indicators and histopathological examinations. The inflammatory factors and oxidative stress parameters were detected by ELISA and biochemical kits. We also analyzed alterations in the gut microbiome via 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and quantified serum indole derivatives using targeted tryptophan metabolomics. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expressions of AHR, CYP1A1, STAT3 and tight junction (TJ) proteins. The ELISA kit was utilized to detect the content of antibacterial peptides (Reg3β and Reg3γ) in colon. The immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein. RESULTS SYD effectively alleviated symptoms in mice with damp-heat colitis, including body weight loss, shortened colon, elevated DAI, enlarged spleen, and damage to the intestinal mucosa. SYD notably reduced IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and MDA levels in colon tissues, while increasing IL-10 and T-AOC levels. Furthermore, SYD mitigated gut microbiota disturbance, restored microbial tryptophan metabolite production (such as IA, IAA, and IAld), notably increased the protein levels of AHR, CYP1A1 and p-STAT3 in colon tissue, and elevated the IL-22 level. Moreover, the expression levels of Reg3β, Reg3γ, occludin, ZO-1 and PCNA were increased in SYD group. CONCLUSION Our study showed that SYD ameliorates damp-heat colitis by restructuring gut microbiota structure, enhancing the metabolism of tryptophan associated with gut microbiota to activate the AHR/IL-22/STAT3 pathway, thereby recovering damaged intestinal mucosa. This research offers novel insights into the therapeutic mechanisms of SYD on damp-heat colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Luoxia Han
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jiaqi Dong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ziwen Yuan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Wanling Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Peng Ji
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yongli Hua
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yanming Wei
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Warren A, Nyavor Y, Zarabian N, Mahoney A, Frame LA. The microbiota-gut-brain-immune interface in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases: a narrative review of the emerging literature. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1365673. [PMID: 38817603 PMCID: PMC11137262 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1365673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Research is beginning to elucidate the sophisticated mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain-immune interface, moving from primarily animal models to human studies. Findings support the dynamic relationships between the gut microbiota as an ecosystem (microbiome) within an ecosystem (host) and its intersection with the host immune and nervous systems. Adding this to the effects on epigenetic regulation of gene expression further complicates and strengthens the response. At the heart is inflammation, which manifests in a variety of pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Observations Generally, the research to date is limited and has focused on bacteria, likely due to the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of 16s rRNA sequencing, despite its lower resolution and inability to determine functional ability/alterations. However, this omits all other microbiota including fungi, viruses, and phages, which are emerging as key members of the human microbiome. Much of the research has been done in pre-clinical models and/or in small human studies in more developed parts of the world. The relationships observed are promising but cannot be considered reliable or generalizable at this time. Specifically, causal relationships cannot be determined currently. More research has been done in Alzheimer's disease, followed by Parkinson's disease, and then little in MS. The data for MS is encouraging despite this. Conclusions and relevance While the research is still nascent, the microbiota-gut-brain-immune interface may be a missing link, which has hampered our progress on understanding, let alone preventing, managing, or putting into remission neurodegenerative diseases. Relationships must first be established in humans, as animal models have been shown to poorly translate to complex human physiology and environments, especially when investigating the human gut microbiome and its relationships where animal models are often overly simplistic. Only then can robust research be conducted in humans and using mechanistic model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Warren
- The Frame-Corr Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Yvonne Nyavor
- Department of Biotechnology, Harrisburg University of Science and Technology, Harrisburg, PA, United States
| | - Nikkia Zarabian
- The Frame-Corr Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Aidan Mahoney
- The Frame-Corr Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
- Undergraduate College, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Leigh A. Frame
- The Frame-Corr Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
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23
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Li Z, Xiong W, Liang Z, Wang J, Zeng Z, Kołat D, Li X, Zhou D, Xu X, Zhao L. Critical role of the gut microbiota in immune responses and cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:33. [PMID: 38745196 PMCID: PMC11094969 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01541-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a critical role in the progression of human diseases, especially cancer. In recent decades, there has been accumulating evidence of the connections between the gut microbiota and cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, understanding the functional role of the gut microbiota in regulating immune responses to cancer immunotherapy is crucial for developing precision medicine. In this review, we extract insights from state-of-the-art research to decipher the complicated crosstalk among the gut microbiota, the systemic immune system, and immunotherapy in the context of cancer. Additionally, as the gut microbiota can account for immune-related adverse events, we discuss potential interventions to minimize these adverse effects and discuss the clinical application of five microbiota-targeted strategies that precisely increase the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Finally, as the gut microbiota holds promising potential as a target for precision cancer immunotherapeutics, we summarize current challenges and provide a general outlook on future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Li
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), CAMS Oxford Institute (COI), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
| | - Weixi Xiong
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhu Liang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), CAMS Oxford Institute (COI), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
- Target Discovery Institute, Center for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyi Zeng
- Department of Neonatology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Damian Kołat
- Department of Functional Genomics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Urology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Oxford, UK
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linyong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery and Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Bo F, Teng H, Shi J, Luo Z, Xu Y, Pan R, Xia Y, Zhu S, Zhang Y, Zhang W. Exploring the causal relationship between gut microbiota and frailty: a two-sample mendelian randomization analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1354037. [PMID: 38765250 PMCID: PMC11099276 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1354037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Frailty is a complex geriatric syndrome that seriously affects the quality of life of older adults. Previous observational studies have reported a strong relationship of frailty with the gut microbiota; however, further studies are warranted to establish a causal link. Accordingly, we aimed to conduct a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study to assess the causal relationship between frailty, as measured by the frailty index, and gut microbiota composition. Methods Instrumental variables for the frailty index (N = 175, 226) and 211 gut bacteria (N = 18,340) were obtained through a genome-wide association study. A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was performed to assess the causal relationship of gut microbiota with frailty. Additionally, we performed inverse Mendelian randomization analyses to examine the direction of causality. Inverse variance weighting was used as the primary method in this study, which was supplemented by horizontal pleiotropy and sensitivity analyses to increase confidence in the results. Results Bacteroidia (b = -0.041, SE = 0.017, p = 0.014) and Eubacterium ruminantium (b = -0.027, SE = 0.012, p = 0.028) were protective against frailty amelioration. Additionally, the following five bacteria types were associated with high frailty: Betaproteobacteria (b = 0.049, SE = 0.024, p = 0.042), Bifidobacterium (b = 0.042, SE = 0.016, p = 0.013), Clostridium innocuum (b = 0.023, SE = 0.011, p = 0.036), E. coprostanoligenes (b = 0.054, SE = 0.018, p = 0.003), and Allisonella (b = 0.032, SE = 0.013, p = 0.012). Contrastingly, frailty affected Butyrivibrio in the gut microbiota (b = 1.225, SE = 0.570, p = 0.031). The results remained stable within sensitivity and validation analyses. Conclusion Our findings strengthen the evidence of a bidirectional causal link between the gut microbiota and frailty. It is important to elucidate this relationship to optimally enhance the care of older adults and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuduo Bo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Teng
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianwei Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxiang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruihan Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yansong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Liu Y, Bai X, Wu H, Duan Z, Zhu C, Fu R, Fan D. Ginsenoside CK Alleviates DSS-Induced IBD in Mice by Regulating Tryptophan Metabolism and Activating Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor via Gut Microbiota Modulation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:9867-9879. [PMID: 38602268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is believed to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Ginsenoside compound K (CK), the main metabolite of Panax ginseng ginsenoside, has proven effective as an anti-inflammatory agent in IBD. However, the mechanisms by which CK modulates gut microbiota to ameliorate IBD remain poorly understood. Herein, CK demonstrated the potential to suppress the release of proinflammatory cytokines by gut microbiota modulation. Notably, supplementation with CK promoted the restoration of a harmonious balance in gut microbiota, primarily by enhancing the populations of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia. Furthermore, CK considerably elevated the concentrations of tryptophan metabolites derived from Lactobacillus that could activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Overall, the promising alleviative efficacy of CK primarily stemmed from the promotion of Lactobacillus growth and production of tryptophan metabolites, suggesting that CK should be regarded as a prospective prebiotic agent for IBD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Huanyan Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Zhiguang Duan
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Rongzhan Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Daidi Fan
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
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26
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Ding L, Liu J, Yang Y, Cui Z, Du G. Chronically socially isolated mice exhibit depressive-like behavior regulated by the gut microbiota. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29791. [PMID: 38681644 PMCID: PMC11046198 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Chronic loneliness is a widespread issue, and the gut-brain axis is known to be crucial in facilitating communication between the gut and brain. However, the precise mechanism by which chronic loneliness affects the gut-brain axis remains uncertain. Methods Fourteen 55-week-old Balb/c mice were used in the experiment, with seven mice being randomly assigned to the chronic social isolation (CSI) group. The CSI group mice underwent 12 weeks of isolation to simulate the psychiatric state of a population in prolonged social isolation. The mental state of the CSI mice was assessed through animal behavior analysis, while plasma cytokines were measured using ELISA. Additionally, the composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and the metabolite composition of the intestinal contents was examined using nontargeted metabolomics. The Student-T test was used to determine significant mean differences. Results Mice that were exposed to the CSI exhibited increased immobility time lengths in forced swimming and hanging tail experiments, and decreased movement lengths and number of times traversing the intermediate region, compared to control mice. Additionally, CSI decreased the abundance of the probiotics Ruminococcaceae, Akkermansiaceae, and Christensenellaceae. Additionally, CSI reduced the production of the metabolites oleamide and tryptophan. Furthermore, IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-6 were significantly increased, while TNF-α was significantly decreased. Conclusion CSI induces a dysbiotic gut microbiota and the production of neurorelated metabolites, which in turn increase inflammatory responses and result in depressive behaviors in CSI mice. Therefore, these findings suggest that the gut microbiota may serve as a target for the treatment of long-term social isolation-induced mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Ding
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Biotechnology Major, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yunjia Yang
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zeying Cui
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Guankui Du
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Biotechnology Major, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Duan R, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Shi J, Xue R, Liu R, Miao Y, Zhou X, Lv Y, Shen H, Xie X, Ai X. The impact of exercise on the gut microbiota in middle-aged amateur serious runners: a comparative study. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1343219. [PMID: 38737829 PMCID: PMC11082653 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1343219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Exercise, health, and the gut microbiota (GM) are strongly correlated. Research indicates that professional athletes, especially ultra-marathon runners, have unique GM characteristics. However, more research has focused on elite athletes, with little attention given to amateur sports enthusiasts, especially those in the middle-aged population. Therefore, this study focuses on the impact of long-term running on the composition and potential functions of the GM in middle-aged individuals. Methods We compared the GM of 25 middle-aged serious runnerswith 22 sedentary healthy controls who had minimal exercise habitsusing 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Additionally, we assessed dietary habits using a food frequency questionnaire. Results and Discussion Statistical analysis indicates that there is no significant difference in dietary patterns between the control group and serious runners. Diversity analysis results indicate that there is no significant difference in α diversity between the two groups of GM, but there is a significant difference in β diversity. Analysis of the composition of GM reveals that Ruminococcus and Coprococcus are significantly enriched in serious runners, whereas Bacteroides, Lachnoclostridium, and Lachnospira are enriched in the control group. Differential analysis of functional pathway prediction results reveals significant differences in the functional metabolism levels of GM between serious runners and the control group. Further correlation analysis results indicate that this difference may be closely related to variations in GM. In conclusion, our results suggest that long-term exercise can lead to changes in the composition of the GM. These changes have the potential to impact the overall health of the individual by influencing metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Duan
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Yonglian Zhang
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Jinrong Shi
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Rong Xue
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Ruijie Liu
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanxin Miao
- Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Xianfeng Zhou
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Maintainbiotech Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Hexiao Shen
- Maintainbiotech Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiongwei Xie
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Xu Ai
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, Hubei, China
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Zhang Y, Wei J, Feng X, Lin Q, Deng J, Yuan Y, Li M, Zhai B, Chen J. Folic acid supplementation prevents high body fat-induced bone loss through TGR5 signaling pathways. Food Funct 2024; 15:4193-4206. [PMID: 38506303 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00404c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis caused by bone loss is one of the serious global public health problems. Folic acid is a B vitamin with multiple physiological functions such as lipid regulation and antioxidant capacity, and its potential to improve bone loss has attracted our attention. Through NHANES database analysis, we found that folic acid intake was significantly correlated with whole-body bone mineral density (BMD) in people aged 20-60 years, and the association may be mediated by the body fat rate. Male C57Bl/6 mice were fed either a normal diet or a high-fat diet, and folic acid was added to drinking water for supplementation. Our results indicated that mice with high body fat showed bone microstructure damage and bone loss, while folic acid supplementation improved bone quality. At the same time, we found that mice with high body fat exhibited abnormal blood lipids, dysregulation of intestinal flora, and metabolic disorders. Folic acid supplementation improved these phenomena. Through the network analysis of intestinal flora and metabolites, we found that LCA and TGR5 may play important roles. The results showed that folic acid promoted the expression of LCA and TGR5 in mice, increased the phosphorylation of AMPK, and decreased the phosphorylation of NF-κB and ERK, thereby reducing bone loss. In summary, folic acid intake is closely related to BMD, and folic acid supplementation can prevent high body fat-induced bone loss. Our study provides new ideas and an experimental basis for preventing bone loss and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Jieqiong Wei
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Xiangling Feng
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Qian Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Yuehan Yuan
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Min Li
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Bingfang Zhai
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Jihua Chen
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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29
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Floreani A, Gabbia D, De Martin S. Are Gender Differences Important for Autoimmune Liver Diseases? Life (Basel) 2024; 14:500. [PMID: 38672770 PMCID: PMC11050899 DOI: 10.3390/life14040500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gender Medicine has had an enormous expansion over the last ten years. Autoimmune liver diseases include several conditions, i.e., autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and conditions involving the liver or biliary tree overlapping with AIH, as well as IgG4-related disease. However, little is known about the impact of sex in the pathogenesis and natural history of these conditions. The purpose of this review is to provide an update of the gender disparities among the autoimmune liver diseases by reviewing the data published from 1999 to 2023. The epidemiology of these diseases has been changing over the last years, due to the amelioration of knowledge in their diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment. The clinical data collected so far support the existence of sex differences in the natural history of autoimmune liver diseases. Notably, their history could be longer than that which is now known, with problems being initiated even at a pediatric age. Moreover, gender disparity has been observed during the onset of complications related to end-stage liver disease, including cancer incidence. However, there is still an important debate among researchers about the impact of sex and the pathogenesis of these conditions. With this review, we would like to emphasize the urgency of basic science and clinical research to increase our understanding of the sex differences in autoimmune liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarosa Floreani
- Scientific Consultant IRCCS Negrar, 37024 Verona, Italy
- University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Daniela Gabbia
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (D.G.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Sara De Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (D.G.); (S.D.M.)
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30
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Zhang J, Wang H, Liu Y, Shi M, Zhang M, Zhang H, Chen J. Advances in fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1370999. [PMID: 38660489 PMCID: PMC11039806 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of chronic diseases with global prevalence, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from various etiologies. DM can harm various organ systems and lead to acute or chronic complications, which severely endanger human well-being. Traditional treatment mainly involves controlling blood sugar levels through replacement therapy with drugs and insulin; however, some patients still find a satisfactory curative effect difficult to achieve. Extensive research has demonstrated a close correlation between enteric dysbacteriosis and the pathogenesis of various types of DM, paving the way for novel therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiota to manage DM. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a method for re-establishing the intestinal microbiome balance, offers new possibilities for treating diabetes. This article provides a comprehensive review of the correlation between DM and the gut microbiota, as well as the current advancements in FMT treatment for DM, using FMT as an illustrative example. This study aims to offer novel perspectives and establish a theoretical foundation for the clinical diagnosis and management of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minna Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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De Cól JP, de Lima EP, Pompeu FM, Cressoni Araújo A, de Alvares Goulart R, Bechara MD, Laurindo LF, Méndez-Sánchez N, Barbalho SM. Underlying Mechanisms behind the Brain-Gut-Liver Axis and Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD): An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3694. [PMID: 38612504 PMCID: PMC11011299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) includes several metabolic dysfunctions caused by dysregulation in the brain-gut-liver axis and, consequently, increases cardiovascular risks and fatty liver dysfunction. In MAFLD, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic syndrome are frequently present; these conditions are related to liver lipogenesis and systemic inflammation. This study aimed to review the connection between the brain-gut-liver axis and MAFLD. The inflammatory process, cellular alterations in hepatocytes and stellate cells, hypercaloric diet, and sedentarism aggravate the prognosis of patients with MAFLD. Thus, to understand the modulation of the physiopathology of MAFLD, it is necessary to include the organokines involved in this process (adipokines, myokines, osteokines, and hepatokines) and their clinical relevance to project future perspectives of this condition and bring to light new possibilities in therapeutic approaches. Adipokines are responsible for the activation of distinct cellular signaling in different tissues, such as insulin and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which is important for balancing substances to avoid MAFLD and its progression. Myokines improve the quantity and quality of adipose tissues, contributing to avoiding the development of MAFLD. Finally, hepatokines are decisive in improving or not improving the progression of this disease through the regulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory organokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Pauli De Cól
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil; (J.P.D.C.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Enzo Pereira de Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil; (J.P.D.C.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Fernanda Moris Pompeu
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil; (J.P.D.C.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil; (J.P.D.C.); (M.D.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo de Alvares Goulart
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil;
| | - Marcelo Dib Bechara
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil; (J.P.D.C.); (M.D.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil;
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, São Paulo 17519-080, Brazil;
| | - Nahum Méndez-Sánchez
- Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City 14050, Mexico;
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil; (J.P.D.C.); (M.D.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil;
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), São Paulo 17500-000, Brazil
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32
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Li X, He M, Yi X, Lu X, Zhu M, Xue M, Tang Y, Zhu Y. Short-chain fatty acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: New prospects for short-chain fatty acids as therapeutic targets. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26991. [PMID: 38486722 PMCID: PMC10937592 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a stress-induced liver injury related to heredity, environmental exposure and the gut microbiome metabolism. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the metabolites of gut microbiota (GM), participate in the regulation of hepatic steatosis and inflammation through the gut-liver axis, which play an important role in the alleviation of NAFLD. However, little progress has been made in systematically elucidating the mechanism of how SCFAs improve NAFLD, especially the epigenetic mechanisms and the potential therapeutic application as clinical treatment for NAFLD. Herein, we adopted PubMed and Medline to search relevant keywords such as 'SCFAs', 'NAFLD', 'gut microbiota', 'Epigenetic', 'diet', and 'prebiotic effect' to review the latest research on SCFAs in NAFLD up to November 2023. In this review, firstly, we specifically discussed the production and function of SCFAs, as well as their crosstalk coordination in the gut liver axis. Secondly, we provided an updated summary and intensive discussion of how SCFAs affect hepatic steatosis to alleviate NAFLD from the perspective of genetic and epigenetic. Thirdly, we paid attention to the pharmacological and physiological characteristics of SCFAs, and proposed a promising future direction to adopt SCFAs alone or in combination with prebiotics and related clinical drugs to prevent and treat NAFLD. Together, this review aimed to elucidate the function of SCFAs and provide new insights to the prospects of SCFAs as a therapeutic target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Maozhang He
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinrui Yi
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuejin Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meizi Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunshu Tang
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yaling Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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33
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Alves JLDB, Costa PCTD, Sales LCSD, Silva Luis CC, Bezerra TPT, Souza MLA, Costa BA, de Souza EL. Shedding light on the impacts of Spirulina platensis on gut microbiota and related health benefits. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38420934 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2323112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Spirulina (S.) platensis is a blue-green algae with reported nutritional and health-promoting properties, such as immunomodulating, antioxidant, cholesterol-lowering properties, and beneficial effects on inflammatory diseases. Spirulina platensis can improve the function and composition of the gut microbiota and exert systemic beneficial effects. Gut dysbiosis is characterized by an imbalance in the composition and function of gut microbiota and is associated with several diseases. Some dietary bioactive compounds can restore the composition, diversity, and function of the gut microbiota and improve health-related parameters. This review proposes to gather relevant information on the effects of S. platensis supplementation on the modulation of the function and composition of gut microbiota and local and systemic measures related to gut health, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and glucose and lipid metabolism. The body of evidence conducted with animals and clinical studies shows that S. platensis supplementation increased gut microbiota diversity and improved gut microbiota composition, as reported by a decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio, increase in the relative abundance of Prevotella and Lactobacillaceae, increase in short-chain fatty acid production and decrease of gut permeability. Improvements in gut microbiota have been associated with host health benefits such as anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, anti-lipemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luiz de Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo César Trindade da Costa
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, 58051-900, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Cosmo Silva Luis
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, 58051-900, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Luiza Alves Souza
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Bagnólia Araújo Costa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Evandro Leite de Souza
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, 58051-900, Brazil
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Yang P, Lu T, Liang X, Huang T, Wu L, He Z, Xiao X, Fan S. The influence of placenta microbiota of normal term pregnant women on immune regulation during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:171. [PMID: 38424487 PMCID: PMC10905846 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concerted regulation of placenta microbiota and the immune responses secures the occurrence and development of pregnancy, while few studies reported this correlation. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the placenta microbiota and immune regulation during pregnancy. METHODS Twenty-six healthy pregnant women scheduled for elective cesarean section in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Placenta and peripheral venous blood samples were collected. Microbiota in placental tissue was detected using high-throughput sequencing. Flow cytometry was used to detect immune cells in placental tissue and peripheral venous blood. ELISA and Luminex liquid chip technology were used to detect the content of cytokines in placental tissue and peripheral venous blood, respectively. RESULTS The placental microbiota has stimulating effects on the local immunity of the placenta and mainly stimulates the placental balance ratio CD56 + CD16 + /CD56 + CD16 and the placental macrophages, that is, it plays the role of immune protection and supporting nutrition. The stimulating effect of placental microbiota on maternal systemic immunity mainly induces peripheral Treg cells and B lymphocytes. CONCLUSION The placental microbiota may be an important factor mediating local immune regulation in the placenta, and placental microbiota participates in the regulatory function of the maternal immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Long Hua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Ting Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lulu Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zonglin He
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaomin Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shangrong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
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Zhang DW, Lu JL, Dong BY, Fang MY, Xiong X, Qin XJ, Fan XM. Gut microbiota and its metabolic products in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1330021. [PMID: 38433840 PMCID: PMC10904571 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence rate of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is estimated at approximately 10% in critically ill patients worldwide, with the mortality rate ranging from 17% to 39%. Currently, ARDS mortality is usually higher in patients with COVID-19, giving another challenge for ARDS treatment. However, the treatment efficacy for ARDS is far from satisfactory. The relationship between the gut microbiota and ARDS has been substantiated by relevant scientific studies. ARDS not only changes the distribution of gut microbiota, but also influences intestinal mucosal barrier through the alteration of gut microbiota. The modulation of gut microbiota can impact the onset and progression of ARDS by triggering dysfunctions in inflammatory response and immune cells, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis mechanisms. Meanwhile, ARDS may also influence the distribution of metabolic products of gut microbiota. In this review, we focus on the impact of ARDS on gut microbiota and how the alteration of gut microbiota further influences the immune function, cellular functions and related signaling pathways during ARDS. The roles of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in the development and occurrence of ARDS are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Jia-Li Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Bi-Ying Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Meng-Ying Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue-Jun Qin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xian-Ming Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Sun C, Zhu D, Zhu Q, He Z, Lou Y, Chen D. The significance of gut microbiota in the etiology of autoimmune hepatitis: a narrative review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1337223. [PMID: 38404291 PMCID: PMC10884129 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1337223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the liver that is mediated by autoimmunity and has complex pathogenesis. Its prevalence has increased globally. Since the liver is the first organ to be exposed to harmful substances, such as gut-derived intestinal microbiota and its metabolites, gut health is closely related to liver health, and the "liver-gut axis" allows abnormalities in the gut microbiota to influence the development of liver-related diseases such as AIH. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota and its resultant disruption of the intestinal barrier and microbial transport are involved in multiple ways in the disruption of immune homeostasis and inflammation, thereby influencing the development of AIH. In terms of the mechanisms involved in immune, the gut microbiota or its metabolites, which is decreased in secondary bile acids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and polyamines, and increased in lipopolysaccharide (LPS), branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), tryptophan metabolite, amino acid, and bile acid, can disrupt immune homeostasis by activating various immune cells and immune-related signaling pathways, resulting in aberrant activation of the immune system. Clarifying this mechanism has significant clinical implications for the treatment of AIH with drugs that target intestinal microbiota and related signaling pathways. Therefore, this narrative review summarizes the progress in exploring the involvement of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of AIH, with the aim of helping to improve the precise targeting of therapeutic treatments against AIH for the benefit of clinical AIH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Sun
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongzi Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeping He
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Lou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Desheng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wu Y, Wang X, Wu W, Yang J. Mendelian randomization analysis reveals an independent causal relationship between four gut microbes and acne vulgaris. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1326339. [PMID: 38371936 PMCID: PMC10869500 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1326339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have suggested a correlation between gut microbiota and acne vulgaris; however, no specific causal link has been explored. Materials and methods To investigate the possible causal relationship between gut microbiota and acne vulgaris, this study employed a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistic. Initially, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was utilized to identify the specific gut microflora responsible for acne vulgaris. We used the Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method as the main MR analysis method. Additionally, we assessed heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy, while also examining the potential influence of individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the analysis results. In order to eliminate gut microbiota with reverse causal associations, we conducted reverse MR analysis. Multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis (MVMR) was then employed to verify the independence of the causal associations. Finally, we performed SNP annotation on the instrumental variables of independent gut microbiota and acne vulgaris to determine the genes where these genetic variations are located. We also explored the biological functions of these genes through enrichment analysis. Result The IVW method of forward MR identified nine gut microbes with a causal relationship with acne vulgaris (p < 0.05). The findings from the sensitivity analysis demonstrate the absence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy, and leave-one-out analysis indicates that the results are not driven by a single SNP. Additionally, the Reverse MR analysis excluded two reverse-correlated pathogenic gut microbes. And then, MVMR was used to analyze seven gut microbes, and it was found that Cyanobacterium and Family XIII were risk factors for acne vulgaris, while Ruminococcus1 and Ruminiclostridium5 were protective factors for acne vulgaris. After conducting biological annotation, we identified six genes (PLA2G4A, FADS2, TIMP17, ADAMTS9, ZC3H3, and CPSF4L) that may be associated with the pathogenic gut microbiota of acne vulgaris patients. The enrichment analysis results indicate that PLA2G4A/FADS2 is associated with fatty acid metabolism pathways. Conclusion Our study found independent causal relationships between four gut microbes and acne vulgaris, and revealed a genetic association between acne vulgaris patients and gut microbiota. Consider preventing and treating acne vulgaris by interfering with the relative content of these four gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiankang Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, China
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Zhao Y, Zhao M, Zhang Y, Fu Z, Jin T, Song J, Huang Y, Zhao C, Wang M. Bile acids metabolism involved in the beneficial effects of Danggui Shaoyao San via gut microbiota in the treatment of CCl 4 induced hepatic fibrosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117383. [PMID: 37925004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danggui Shaoyao San (DSS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) first recorded in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber. DSS has proven efficacy in treating hepatic fibrosis (HF). However, the effects and mechanisms of DSS on HF are not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effect of DSS on HF via gut microbiota and its metabolites (SCFAs, BAs). MATERIALS AND METHODS HF rats were induced with CCl4 and treated with DSS. Firstly, the therapeutic efficacy of DSS in HF rats and the protection of gut barrier were assessed. Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted fecal metabolomics preliminarily explored the mechanism of DSS in treating HF, and identified different microbiota and metabolic pathways. Finally, targeted metabolomics and RT-qPCR were used to further validate the mechanism of DSS for HF based on the metabolism of SCFAs and BAs. RESULTS After 8 weeks of administration, DSS significantly reduced the degree of HF. In addition, DSS alleviated inflammation in the ileum and reduced the levels of LPS and D-lactate. Furthermore, DSS altered the structure of gut microbiota, especially Veillonella, Romboutsia, Monoglobus, Parabacteroides, norank_f_Coriobacteriales_Incertae_Sedis. These bacteria have been linked to the production of SCFAs and the metabolism of BAs. Untargeted metabolomics suggested that DSS may play a role via BAs metabolism. Subsequently, targeted metabolomics and RT-qPCR further confirmed the key role of DSS in increasing SCFAs levels and regulating BAs metabolism. CONCLUSIONS DSS can alleviate CCl4-induced HF and protect the gut barrier. DSS may exert its beneficial effects on HF by affecting the gut microbiota and its metabolites (SCFAs, BAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zixuan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tong Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiaxi Song
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yihe Huang
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Huanghe North Street 146, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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Medina-Julio D, Ramírez-Mejía MM, Cordova-Gallardo J, Peniche-Luna E, Cantú-Brito C, Mendez-Sanchez N. From Liver to Brain: How MAFLD/MASLD Impacts Cognitive Function. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e943417. [PMID: 38282346 PMCID: PMC10836032 DOI: 10.12659/msm.943417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MAFLD/MASLD), is a common chronic liver condition affecting a substantial global population. Beyond its primary impact on liver function, MAFLD/MASLD is associated with a myriad of extrahepatic manifestations, including cognitive impairment. The scope of cognitive impairment within the realm of MAFLD/MASLD is a matter of escalating concern. Positioned as an intermediate stage between the normal aging process and the onset of dementia, cognitive impairment manifests as a substantial challenge associated with this liver condition. Insights from studies underscore the presence of compromised executive function and a global decline in cognitive capabilities among individuals identified as being at risk of progressing to liver fibrosis. Importantly, this cognitive impairment transcends mere association with metabolic factors, delving deep into the intricate pathophysiology characterizing MAFLD/MASLD. The multifaceted nature of cognitive impairment in the context of MAFLD/MASLD is underlined by a spectrum of factors, prominently featuring insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, and systemic inflammation as pivotal contributors. These factors interplay within the intricate landscape of MAFLD/MASLD, fostering a nuanced understanding of the links between hepatic health and cognitive function. By synthesizing the available evidence, exploring potential mechanisms, and assessing clinical implications, the overarching aim of this review is to contribute to a more complete understanding of the impact of MAFLD/MASLD on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Medina-Julio
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Mexico City, Mexico
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariana M Ramírez-Mejía
- Liver Unit, Medica Sur Clinic and Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
- Plan of Combined Studies in Medicine (PECEM-MD/PhD), Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jacqueline Cordova-Gallardo
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Hepatology, Service of Surgery and Obesity Clinic, General Hospital "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emilio Peniche-Luna
- High Academic Performance Program (PAEA), Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Cantú-Brito
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departament of Neurology, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nahum Mendez-Sanchez
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
- Liver Unit, Medica Sur Clinic and Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
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Ferenc K, Sokal-Dembowska A, Helma K, Motyka E, Jarmakiewicz-Czaja S, Filip R. Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Nutrition and Its Relationship to Epigenetics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1228. [PMID: 38279228 PMCID: PMC10816208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is a community of microorganisms inhabiting the human intestines, potentially influencing both physiological and pathophysiological processes in the human body. Existing evidence suggests that nutrients can influence the modulation of the gut microbiota. However, there is still limited evidence regarding the effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation on the human gut microbiota through epigenetic modification. It is plausible that maintaining an adequate dietary intake of vitamin D, iron, fibre, zinc and magnesium may have a beneficial effect on alleviating inflammation in the body, reducing oxidative stress, and improving the condition of the intestinal microbiota through various epigenetic mechanisms. Moreover, epigenetics involves alterations in the phenotype of a cell without changing its fundamental DNA sequence. It appears that the modulation of the microbiota by various nutrients may lead to epigenetic regulation. The correlations between microbiota and epigenetics are potentially interdependent. Therefore, the primary objective of this review is to identify the complex relationships between diet, gut microbiota, and epigenetic regulation. These interactions could play a crucial role in systemic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ferenc
- Institute of Medicine, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Aneta Sokal-Dembowska
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Kacper Helma
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Motyka
- Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | | | - Rafał Filip
- Institute of Medicine, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Gastroenterology with IBD Unit, Clinical Hospital No. 2, 35-301 Rzeszow, Poland
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Yang X, Xue C, Chen K, Gao D, Wang H, Tang C. Characteristics of elderly diabetes patients: focus on clinical manifestation, pathogenic mechanism, and the role of traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1339744. [PMID: 38273819 PMCID: PMC10808572 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1339744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus has become a major public health issue globally, putting an enormous burden on global health systems and people. Among all diseased groups, a considerable part of patients are elderly, while their clinical features, pathogenic processes, and medication regimens are different from patients of other ages. Despite the availability of multiple therapies and techniques, there are still numerous elderly diabetes patients suffering from poor blood glucose control, severe complications, and drug adverse effects, which negatively affect the quality of life in their golden years. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of diabetes for several decades, and its relevant clinical practice has confirmed that it has a satisfactory effect on alleviating clinical symptoms and mitigating the progression of complications. Chinese herbal medicine and its active components were used widely with obvious clinical advantages by multiple targets and signaling pathways. However, due to the particular features of elderly diabetes, few studies were conducted to explore Traditional Chinese Medicine intervention on elderly diabetic patients. This study reviews the research on clinical features, pathogenic processes, treatment principles, and TCM treatments, hoping to provide fresh perspectives on the prevention and management strategies for elderly diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chongxiang Xue
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keyu Chen
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyang Gao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Chen C, Gao K, Chen Z, Zhang Q, Ke X, Mao B, Fan Q, Li Y, Chen S. The supplementation of the multi-strain probiotics WHHPRO™ alleviates high-fat diet-induced metabolic symptoms in rats via gut-liver axis. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1324691. [PMID: 38274203 PMCID: PMC10808617 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1324691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) has emerged as one of the major global health concerns, accompanied by a series of related complications, such as obesity and type-2 diabetes. The gut-liver axis (GLA) is a bidirectional communication between the gut and the liver. The GLA alterations have been revealed to be closely associated with the development of MS. Probiotics within Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium confer beneficial effects on improving MS symptoms. WHHPRO™ is a mixture of four probiotic strains, with potential MS-improving abilities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of WHHPRO™ on MS symptoms using a high-fat diet (HFD) rat model. Oral administration of WHHPRO™ for 12 weeks improved glucose tolerance, blood lipid, body weight, and liver index in HFD rats. WHHPRO™ shaped the gut microbiome composition by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia and normalized the reduced SCFA levels in HFD rats. Besides, WHHPRO™ modulated the fecal bile acids (BAs) profile, with decreased levels of T-b-MCA and 12-KDCA and increased levels of LCA and ILCA. Meanwhile, WHHPRO™ increased total unconjugated BAs in feces and liver and reduced the accumulation of total hepatic BA pool size in HFD rats. Moreover, WHHPRO™ reversed the expression of genes associated with impaired BA metabolism signaling in the ileum and liver. Our findings suggest that WHHPRO™ exerted beneficial effects on improving MS symptoms, involving the modulation of the gut microbiome composition, SCFAs, and the FXR-FGF15 signaling along the GLA. Supplementation of WHHPRO™ may serve as a novel strategy for improving MS symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Kan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Zuoguo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Ke
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingyong Mao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiuling Fan
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Su Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Wahaha Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
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de Castilhos J, Tillmanns K, Blessing J, Laraño A, Borisov V, Stein-Thoeringer CK. Microbiome and pancreatic cancer: time to think about chemotherapy. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2374596. [PMID: 39024520 PMCID: PMC11259062 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2374596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer characterized by late diagnosis, rapid progression, and a high mortality rate. Its complex biology, characterized by a dense, stromal tumor environment with an immunosuppressive milieu, contributes to resistance against standard treatments like chemotherapy and radiation. This comprehensive review explores the dynamic role of the microbiome in modulating chemotherapy efficacy and outcomes in PDAC. It delves into the microbiome's impact on drug metabolism and resistance, and the interaction between microbial elements, drugs, and human biology. We also highlight the significance of specific bacterial species and microbial enzymes in influencing drug action and the immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Cutting-edge methodologies, including artificial intelligence, low-biomass microbiome analysis and patient-derived organoid models, are discussed, offering insights into the nuanced interactions between microbes and cancer cells. The potential of microbiome-based interventions as adjuncts to conventional PDAC treatments are discussed, paving the way for personalized therapy approaches. This review synthesizes recent research to provide an in-depth understanding of how the microbiome affects chemotherapy efficacy. It focuses on elucidating key mechanisms and identifying existing knowledge gaps. Addressing these gaps is crucial for enhancing personalized medicine and refining cancer treatment strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana de Castilhos
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Tillmanns
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jana Blessing
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arnelyn Laraño
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vadim Borisov
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph K. Stein-Thoeringer
- Translational Microbiome Research, Internal Medicine I and M3 Research Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Gonzales J, Gulbransen BD. The Microbiota Conducts the Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Orchestra in the Small Intestine. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:503-504. [PMID: 38109941 PMCID: PMC10884552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Gonzales
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.
| | - Brian D Gulbransen
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Ma Y, Shi J, Jia L, He P, Wang Y, Zhang X, Huang Y, Cheng Q, Zhang Z, Dai Y, Xu M, Lei Z. Oregano essential oil modulates colonic homeostasis and intestinal barrier function in fattening bulls. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1293160. [PMID: 38116527 PMCID: PMC10728825 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1293160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oregano essential oil (OEO) primarily contains phenolic compounds and can serve as a dietary supplement for fattening bulls. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains largely elusive. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of adding OEO to diet on the integrity of the intestinal barrier, composition of the colonic microbiome, and production of microbial metabolites in fattening bulls. Our goal was to provide insights into the utilization of plant essential oil products in promoting gastrointestinal health and welfare in animals. We employed amplicon sequencing and metabolome sequencing techniques to investigate how dietary supplementation with OEO impacted the intestinal barrier function in bulls. The inclusion of OEO in the diet resulted in several notable effects on the colon of fattening bulls. These effects included an increase in the muscle thickness of the colon, goblet cell number, short-chain fatty acid concentrations, digestive enzyme activity, relative mRNA expression of intestinal barrier-related genes, and relative expression of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. Additionally, α-amylase activity and the relative mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines decreased. Moreover, dietary OEO supplementation increased the abundance of intestinal Bacteroides, Coprobacillus, Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001, and Faecalitalea. Metabolomic analysis indicated that OEO primarily increased the levels of 5-aminovaleric acid, 3-methoxysalicylic acid, and creatinine. In contrast, the levels of maltose, lactulose, lactose, and D-trehalose decreased. Correlation analysis showed that altered colonic microbes and metabolites affected intestinal barrier function. Taken together, these results demonstrate that OEO facilitates internal intestinal environmental homeostasis by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria while inhibiting harmful ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinping Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengjia He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Gansu Xu Kang Food Co., Ltd., Pingliang, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Gansu Huarui Agriculture Co., Ltd., Zhangye, China
| | - Youchao Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Meiling Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhaomin Lei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Zhang L, Shi X, Qiu H, Liu S, Yang T, Li X, Liu X. Protein modification by short-chain fatty acid metabolites in sepsis: a comprehensive review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1171834. [PMID: 37869005 PMCID: PMC10587562 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1171834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a major life-threatening syndrome of organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response due to infection. Dysregulated immunometabolism is fundamental to the onset of sepsis. Particularly, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are gut microbes derived metabolites serving to drive the communication between gut microbes and the immune system, thereby exerting a profound influence on the pathophysiology of sepsis. Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) have emerged as key players in shaping protein function, offering novel insights into the intricate connections between metabolism and phenotype regulation that characterize sepsis. Accumulating evidence from recent studies suggests that SCFAs can mediate various PTM-dependent mechanisms, modulating protein activity and influencing cellular signaling events in sepsis. This comprehensive review discusses the roles of SCFAs metabolism in sepsis associated inflammatory and immunosuppressive disorders while highlights recent advancements in SCFAs-mediated lysine acylation modifications, such as substrate supplement and enzyme regulation, which may provide new pharmacological targets for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinhui Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Dadgar N, Edlukudige Keshava V, Raj MS, Wagner PL. The Influence of the Microbiome on Immunotherapy for Gastroesophageal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4426. [PMID: 37760397 PMCID: PMC10526145 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has shown promise as a treatment option for gastroesophageal cancer, but its effectiveness is limited in many patients due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) commonly found in gastrointestinal tumors. This paper explores the impact of the microbiome on the TME and immunotherapy outcomes in gastroesophageal cancer. The microbiome, comprising microorganisms within the gastrointestinal tract, as well as within malignant tissue, plays a crucial role in modulating immune responses and tumor development. Dysbiosis and reduced microbial diversity are associated with poor response rates and treatment resistance, while specific microbial profiles correlate with improved outcomes. Understanding the complex interactions between the microbiome, tumor biology, and immunotherapy is crucial for developing targeted interventions. Microbiome-based biomarkers may enable personalized treatment approaches and prediction of patient response. Interventions targeting the microbiome, such as microbiota-based therapeutics and dietary modifications, offer the potential for reshaping the gut microbiota and creating a favorable TME that enhances immunotherapy efficacy. Further research is needed to reveal the underlying mechanisms, and large-scale clinical trials will be required to validate the efficacy of microbiome-targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Dadgar
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | | | - Moses S. Raj
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; (V.E.K.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Patrick L. Wagner
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; (V.E.K.); (M.S.R.)
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Prosdocimi F, Cortines JR, José MV, Farias ST. Decoding viruses: An alternative perspective on their history, origins and role in nature. Biosystems 2023; 231:104960. [PMID: 37437771 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an alternative perspective on viruses, exploring their origins, ecology, and evolution. Viruses are recognized as the most prevalent biological entities on Earth, permeating nearly all environments and forming the virosphere-a significant biological layer. They play a crucial role in regulating bacterial populations within ecosystems and holobionts, influencing microbial communities and nutrient recycling. Viruses are also key drivers of molecular evolution, actively participating in the maintenance and regulation of ecosystems and cellular organisms. Many eukaryotic genomes contain genomic elements with viral origins, which contribute to organismal equilibrium and fitness. Viruses are involved in the generation of species-specific orphan genes, facilitating adaptation and the development of unique traits in biological lineages. They have been implicated in the formation of vital structures like the eukaryotic nucleus and the mammalian placenta. The presence of virus-specific genes absent in cellular organisms suggests that viruses may pre-date cellular life. Like progenotes, viruses are ribonucleoprotein entities with simpler capsid architectures compared to proteolipidic membranes. This article presents a comprehensive scenario describing major transitions in prebiotic evolution and proposes that viruses emerged prior to the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) during the progenote era. However, it is important to note that viruses do not form a monophyletic clade, and many viral taxonomic groups originated more recently as reductions of cellular structures. Thus, viral architecture should be seen as an ancient and evolutionarily stable strategy adopted by biological systems. The goal of this article is to reshape perceptions of viruses, highlighting their multifaceted significance in the complex tapestry of life and fostering a deeper understanding of their origins, ecological impact, and evolutionary dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Prosdocimi
- Laboratório de Biologia Teórica e de Sistemas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Reis Cortines
- Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco V José
- Theoretical Biology Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Sávio Torres Farias
- Laboratório de Genética Evolutiva Paulo Leminsk, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; Network of Researchers on the Chemical Evolution of Life (NoRCEL), Leeds, LS7 3RB, UK
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Cao Y, Zhang S, Tang L, Chen Y, Jiang S, Liu L, Gao X. Exploring the effects of Qijiao Shengbai capsule on leukopenic mice from the perspective of intestinbased on metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19949. [PMID: 37810141 PMCID: PMC10559567 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Qijiao Shengbai capsule (QJSB) is formulated according to the traditional Chinese medicine formula, its function is to nourish Qi and blood, improve the body's immunity. Leukopenia has been treated with it in clinical settings. However, the mechanism of leukopenia from the perspective of intestinal tract has not been reported. This study combined metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing technologies to investigate the mechanism of QJSB on leukopenia from the intestine. As a result of cyclophosphamide induction in mice, the results demonstrated that QJSB may greatly increase the quantity of peripheral leukocytes (including neutrophils). Meanwhile, QJSB had a restorative effect on the colon of leukopenic mice; it also increased the level of IL-2, IL-6 and G-CSF in the intestine, further enhancing the immunity and hematopoietic function of mice. Metabolic studies showed that QJSB altered 27 metabolites, most notably amino acid metabolism. In addition, QJSB had a positive regulatory effect on the intestinal microbiota, and could alter community composition by improving the diversity and abundance of the intestinal microbial, which mainly involved 6 related bacterial groups, and primarily regulates three associated SCFAs (acetic acid, butyrate acid and valeric acid). Therefore, this study suggests that QJSB can improve hematopoietic function, enhance the immune system, relieve leucopenia and improve the gut in leucopenic mice by modulating metabolic response pathways, fecal metabolites and intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Center of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Experimental Animal Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Center of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Center of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Siyue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Center of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Liu
- Guizhou Hanfang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Xiuli Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Center of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
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50
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Giannoukakis N. Tolerogenic dendritic cells in type 1 diabetes: no longer a concept. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1212641. [PMID: 37388741 PMCID: PMC10303908 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tDC) arrest the progression of autoimmune-driven dysglycemia into clinical, insulin-requiring type 1 diabetes (T1D) and preserve a critical mass of β cells able to restore some degree of normoglycemia in new-onset clinical disease. The safety of tDC, generated ex vivo from peripheral blood leukocytes, has been demonstrated in phase I clinical studies. Accumulating evidence shows that tDC act via multiple layers of immune regulation arresting the action of pancreatic β cell-targeting effector lymphocytes. tDC share a number of phenotypes and mechanisms of action, independent of the method by which they are generated ex vivo. In the context of safety, this yields confidence that the time has come to test the best characterized tDC in phase II clinical trials in T1D, especially given that tDC are already being tested for other autoimmune conditions. The time is also now to refine purity markers and to "universalize" the methods by which tDC are generated. This review summarizes the current state of tDC therapy for T1D, presents points of intersection of the mechanisms of action that the different embodiments use to induce tolerance, and offers insights into outstanding matters to address as phase II studies are imminent. Finally, we present a proposal for co-administration and serially-alternating administration of tDC and T-regulatory cells (Tregs) as a synergistic and complementary approach to prevent and treat T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Giannoukakis
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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