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Pabbla A, Agyemang C, van der Heijden G, Duijster D. Oral Health Status, Behaviours and Oral Healthcare Utilization among Indian Migrants Compared to the Host Population in the Netherlands: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. J Immigr Minor Health 2024; 26:325-333. [PMID: 37847440 PMCID: PMC10937797 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01553-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the oral health status, oral health behaviours and oral healthcare utilization among Indian migrants living in the Netherlands and how they compare with the host population. Based on a random sample from Dutch municipalities, cross-sectional data were obtained for the Indian migrants living in the Netherlands (n = 148) and the host population (n = 244). A questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic, self-reported oral health status, oral health behaviours and oral healthcare utilization. The distribution of self-reported oral health variables for both groups were tabulated and compared using logistic, ordinal and multinomial regression analysis. When adjusted for covariates such as age, gender, marital status, education, income, occupation and dental insurance, regression analysis for oral health status showed that the odds of reporting oral impact on daily performances (OIDP) was 5.87 times higher for Indians compared to the host population (95%CI:3.45;9.65). In contrast, the odds of Indians reporting bleeding gums [OR = 0.44 (95%CI:0.27;0.73)] and diagnosed with gum diseases [OR = 0.23(95%CI:0.13;0.39)] were lower than the host population. Also, the odds of consuming alcohol and cakes or chocolates was significantly lower among Indian migrants compared to the host population [(OR = 0.15(95%CI:0.09;0.25)] and [OR = 0.33(95%CI:0.21;0.52)], respectively. But the odds of consuming sugar in hot beverages were significantly higher among Indians [OR = 10.44(95%CI:5.99;18.19)]. The odds of Indians visiting a dental professional were 9.22 times (95%CI:4.62;18.40) lower compared to the host population. We found that oral health status and behaviours among Indian migrants were different in certain aspects compared to the host population. However, their oral healthcare utilization remained overall lower. The underlying determinants for such observations merit further research. Migrant friendly approach from both the dental professionals and policy makers can encourage dental visits and improve the utilization patterns among Indians migrants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Pabbla
- Department of Oral Public Health, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, Amsterdam, 1081 LA, The Netherlands.
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Geert van der Heijden
- Department of Oral Public Health, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, Amsterdam, 1081 LA, The Netherlands
| | - Denise Duijster
- Department of Oral Public Health, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, Amsterdam, 1081 LA, The Netherlands
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Cai Y, Zeng S, Hu Y, Xiao L, Liao Y, Yan Z, Zha W, Gu J, Wang Q, Hao M, Wu C. Factors associated with oral health service utilization among young people in southern China. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:289. [PMID: 38418980 PMCID: PMC10903069 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03994-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the patterns and influencing factors of oral health service utilization among college students, and further to provide scientific evidence for policy making on oral health education and behavioral interventions for the college population. METHODS The study population was college students in Southern China. Totally 678 students participated in the survey. A self-designed questionnaire based on Anderson's model (predisposing factors, enabling factors, need factors) was used to survey college students. Descriptive statistics, χ2 test, and logistic regression were used to analyze influence factors of oral health service utilization among college students. RESULTS The utilization rate of oral health service in the past 12 months was 30.2%. The primary type of oral health service was treatment (59.6%), and only 12.8% were for prevention. There were 39% of the participants having oral health diseases, of which dental caries (25.7%) and oral bleeding (22.2%) were the main problems. The results from logistic regression analysis revealed that students with better beliefs (OR = 1.84, 95% CI:=1.02-3.43), frequent consumption of sugary drinks (OR = 2.90, 95% CI:=1.90-4.47), teeth brushing frequency > = 2 times per day (OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.24-3.61), frequent floss utilization (OR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.21-5.76), dental caries (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.35-3.17) used oral health services higher, while those lived in rural areas (OR:0.52, 95% CI = 0.34-0.80), and had only a fair concern (OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.31-0.74) or no concern (OR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.08-0.67) on oral health utilized oral health services lower. CONCLUSIONS Chinese college students demonstrate some knowledge and attitudes towards oral health. However, they tend to neglect oral hygiene and have limited understanding of their own oral issues. Furthermore, the utilization of oral services, such as treatment, remains remarkably low, despite the availability of long-term and favorable health insurance policies. The utilization of oral health services among college students is influenced by various factors, including residing in rural areas, consuming sugary beverages on a daily basis, brushing teeth at least twice a day, and practicing flossing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunquan Cai
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Shaobo Zeng
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yimei Hu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Lingfeng Xiao
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanqing Liao
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Zihui Yan
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Wenxiang Zha
- Department of Public Health Surveillance, Linping Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 311103, China
| | - Junwang Gu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Ming Hao
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Chunmei Wu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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Shitu K, Alemayehu M, Berassa SH. Oral hygiene behaviour and its determinants among preparatory school students in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:177-186. [PMID: 36627237 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate oral hygiene behaviour and its determinants among preparatory school students in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 students to evaluate their oral hygiene behaviour and determinant factors (sociodemographic attributes, oral hygiene knowledge, and attitude to oral hygiene behaviours). Linear regression was employed to identify factors associated with oral hygiene behaviour. A p-value of <0.05 and a 95% confidence interval were used to declare statistical significance. RESULTS A total of 407 students participated with a response rate of 96.2%. The mean age of the participants was 18 (SD ±1.3). The mean oral hygiene behaviour (OHB) score was about 7.89 ± 3.43. Only 9.2%, 21.4%, and 5.7% were brushing their teeth at least twice a day, cleaning their tongue, and flossing at least once a day respectively. Father's educational status (able to read and write (β = 1.99, 95% CI: 0.62, 3.38), completed secondary school (β = 1.68, 95% CI: 0.18, 3.18), and diploma and higher (β = 1.75, 95% CI: 0.33, 3.18)), being from private school (β = 3.25, 95%CI: 2.30, 4.19), knowledge about OHB (β = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.30), and attitude towards OHB (β = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.14) were significant factors positively associated with better oral hygiene behaviour. CONCLUSION Oral hygiene behaviour was poor among preparatory school students in Gondar city. Father's educational status, students' oral hygiene knowledge, and attitude were found to be significant factors affecting students' oral hygiene behaviour. Thus, tailored school-based oral health communication programs are highly required to improve students' oral hygiene behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kegnie Shitu
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mekuriaw Alemayehu
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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AlJameel AH, AlSaleh LS, Bawazir NH, AlOmair AS, Almalki SA. How Mental Health Correlates with Subjective Oral Health Status: A Cross-Sectional Study among a Group of University Students. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:1716-1722. [PMID: 38044778 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_330_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between subjective oral health status and mental illness in a group of university students in Riyadh City of Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A self-report questionnaire collected data on demographics, subjective oral health and mental health. The Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scales were administered. Students' participation was voluntary. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). RESULTS A total of 614 students participated in the study, 45.28% (n = 278) were males and 54.72% (n = 336) were females. Oral health status was assessed, and most participants rated their oral health status as good 53.75% (n = 330). This study also assessed mental health among the participants and found that 50.49% (n = 310) of students were suffering from different degrees of depression. Approximately, 46.74% (n = 247) of students reported experiencing certain degrees of generalized anxiety disorder. Mental disorders were significantly correlated with subjective oral health status, since participants who rated their oral health as poor or very poor tended to have higher PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores. In conclusion, the findings showed a notable relationship between mental disorders and subjective oral health status among a group of university students. Therefore, the results can be used to help improve service provision, which would ultimately enhance students' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H AlJameel
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - L S AlSaleh
- Department of Internship, Dental Interns College of Dentistry, BDS, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N H Bawazir
- Department of Internship, Dental Interns College of Dentistry, BDS, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A S AlOmair
- Department of Internship, Dental Interns College of Dentistry, BDS, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S A Almalki
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Naser MY, Momani M, Naser AY, Alarabeyat MA, Altarawneh AMB, Aladwan AS. Oral health profile and periodontal diseases awareness and knowledge among the jordanian population: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:503. [PMID: 37468879 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the oral health profile and periodontal diseases awareness and knowledge among the Jordanian population. In addition, we aimed to identify predictors of good knowledge of periodontal diseases. METHOD This was an online cross-sectional survey study that was conducted in Jordan between January and May 2022. A total of 13 item from the world health organisation (WHO) oral health questionnaire for adults were used to examine the oral health profile of our study participants. In addition, a previously developed questionnaire by Abdulbaqi et al. were adapted and used to examine participants' knowledge about periodontal diseases. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of better knowledge of periodontal diseases. RESULTS This study involved 1,099 participants in total. More than half of them (61.1%) claimed that throughout the previous 12 months, they had experienced pain or discomfort in their mouths or teeth. Nearly half of the participants said their teeth and gums were in good or very good condition. 70.7% said they brush their teeth once or more per day. The vast majority of them (93.0%) claimed to brush their teeth using toothpaste that contained 61.9% fluoride. The most frequent cited cause for dental visits was pain or difficulty with teeth, gums, or mouth (36.3%), according to almost one-third of study participants who said they had visited a dentist during the previous six months. The most commonly reported problems that occurs frequently due to the state of the participants' teeth or mouth were avoiding smiling because of teeth, feeling embarrassed due to appearance of teeth, and having difficulty in biting foods with 11.0%, 10.2%, and 9.0%, respectively. Tea with sugar (16.5%) was the most frequently reported beverage as being consumed frequently on a daily basis. The most popular tobacco product to be smoked often on a daily basis was cigarettes (21.6%). For periodontitis knowledge questions, the percentage of accurate responses ranged from 32.3 to 55.8%. The majority of participants (55.8%) were able to recognize that poor oral hygiene is one of the most frequent causes of malodor, whereas the least number of participants (32.3%) were able to recognize that improper teeth brushing is a frequent cause of gingival recession. CONCLUSION The average degree of periodontitis knowledge among Jordanians was moderate. Along with it, there were modest oral hygiene practices. In order to prevent further oral complications that have a detrimental influence on patients' quality of life, educational campaigns are required to increase public awareness of knowledge and practices in terms of proper oral hygiene and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moath Momani
- Prosthodontics Department, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan.
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Okoroafor CC, Okobi OE, Owodeha-Ashaka M, Okobi E, Oluseye B, Ekpang OB, Aya LE, Owolabi OJ, Oru-Betem TE, Nwafor JN. Dental Health Knowledge Attitude and Practice Among University of Calabar Students. Cureus 2023; 15:e40055. [PMID: 37425559 PMCID: PMC10325694 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral health has been linked to aspects of individual knowledge, attitude, and practices. In Nigeria, the increased prevalence of poor oral hygiene has been attributed behavioral factors. Behavioral aspects that include the increased intake of sugary foods and beverages, and lack of proper oral hygiene have been touted as the main causes of poor oral hygiene among university students. The knowledge of oral health is vital owing to its contribution to better oral health; however, unless students develop good oral habits and attitudes and subsequently put them into practice, very little will be realized with regard improvement in oral health and hygiene. Objective This research aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental care among the University of Calabar students. Method This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted between 2016 and 2017. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data from 430 student participants in a university using a multi-stage random technique. An inferential statistical approach was adopted to test the relationships represented in the tables. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences, version 20.0. Result The study included 430 participants, 239 (55.6%) females and 191 (44.4%) males. The survey revealed that 94% of the 404 respondents agreed that poor dental care can cause dental diseases, while only 6% disagreed. Regarding excessive drinking of water, 91% of the respondents agreed that it cannot cause dental disease, 4.2% agreed it could, and 4.8% did not know. Furthermore, 60.2% of the 430 respondents acknowledged that genetic inheritance could cause dental disease, while 21.4% disagreed, and 18.4% did not know. Finally, 74.9% of the respondents knew that trauma to the teeth could cause dental disease, while only 9.3% thought that trauma could not cause illness to the teeth. Regarding attitude to dental care, 232 (54%) respondents agreed that visiting the dentist was necessary, while 164 (38.1%) strongly agreed. Only eight (1.9%) strongly disagreed, while five (1.2%) disagreed that visiting the dentist was necessary. Moreover, 82% of the respondents agreed that bad breath was associated with poor dental care, with 195 (45.3%) respondents strongly agreeing and 158 (36.7%) agreeing. However, 37 (8.6%) disagreed, and 16 (3.7%) strongly disagreed, while 24 (5.6%) were indifferent. As regards practice, most respondents used the up-down technique when brushing their teeth (62.8%), while 17.4% brushed left-right and 19.8% used both methods. Moreover, 67.4% of the respondents brushed twice daily, 26.5% brushed once daily, and only 6.1% brushed after every meal. About half of the students spent one to three minutes brushing their teeth (50.5%), while the other half spent more time. Over half of the students replaced their toothbrushes every three months (57.7%), with the most common reason for replacement being the fraying of bristles. However, the use of dental floss was found to be low. Conclusion The utilization of dental care facilities was low among most University of Calabar students, who did not see the need for dental clinic visits unless they had dental needs. The lack of dental visits was attributed to perceived high dental costs and a lack of time. Targeted interventions and educational programs that address these barriers could promote better oral hygiene practices among the students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Okelue E Okobi
- Family Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
- Family Medicine, Lakeside Medical Center, Belle Glade, USA
| | | | - Emeka Okobi
- Dentistry, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria, Abuja, NGA
| | | | | | - Lucky E Aya
- Family Medicine, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, NGA
| | | | | | - Jane N Nwafor
- Internal Medicine, University of the District of Columbia, Silverspring, USA
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Vakili M, Mirzadeh M, Mirzaei M, Modarresi M, Raei R, Karimi R, Aghakoochak A, Imani AA. Sex differences in high-risk health behaviors among school-going adolescents in Yazd, Iran; a cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16404. [PMID: 37303572 PMCID: PMC10250580 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Adolescents are exposed to a wide range of high-risk health behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the high-risk health behaviors of adolescents in an Iranian adolescent population and gender differences. Method This cross-sectional descriptive study recruited high school students in Yazd city in center of Iran. Schools were randomly selected. In each school, all selected classes were included. Sampling in each class was census. The study investigated self-reported high-risk health behaviors. Students completed the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS), an anonymous, validated questionnaire. Results 2420 students participated in this study (52.5% male). The age range was 12-19 years. Daily consumption of ≥1 serving of fruit and vegetables per day was reported by 77.4% and 49.5% of respondents, respectively. Adequate physical activity was reported by only 18.4% of adolescents, and significantly less frequently by girls than boys (p < 0.001). 11.8% were current smokers (M/F ratio: 2.6), and 20.5% (M/F ratio: 1.5) were ever used hookah. The prevalence of ever alcohol and substance abuse was 15.5% and 8.8%, respectively. The prevalence of tobacco and substance use was significantly higher in participants' boys than in girls (p < 0.001). Males were over twice more likely to report frequent fighting in the past 12 months than girls. Overall, girls reported more parental supervision than boys (82.1% vs. 73.4%) and parental monitoring (90.6% vs. 86.8%), while boys reported higher levels of awareness over leisure activities than girls (65.8% vs. 58.4%). Conclusions High-risk health behaviors are more common in boys than girls. Health policymakers should use these results in prioritizing and designing health interventions to promote youth health. Further studies are recommended to identify the factors influencing the prevalence of these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Vakili
- Health Monitoring Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahboobahsadat Mirzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mirzaei
- Accident Prevention and Crisis Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Modarresi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Raei
- Health Monitoring Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Karimi
- Health Monitoring Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Arezoo Aghakoochak
- Health Monitoring Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Alkalash SH, Alfaqih AE, Alkinani AI, Alzahrani HM, Alrufaydi MH, Alqarni RS, Alrufaydi MH. A Cross-Sectional Study on the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Oral Hygiene Practices of Secondary School Students in Al-Qunfudah District, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e40337. [PMID: 37456401 PMCID: PMC10338716 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral health is closely related to general health awareness and good oral hygiene practices, which makes it an important aspect of general health and well-being. The current study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of oral hygiene among secondary school students in Al-Qunfudah district, Saudi Arabia. Methods A convenient sample of 383 male and female secondary school students in the Al-Qunfudah district, Saudi Arabia, was included in this descriptive cross-sectional study. The research data were collected from the study sample through a self-administered online survey via WhatsApp and Telegram electronic applications. Finally, the collected data were coded and analyzed through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) and expressed in frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation. The chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were applied to assess the relationship between the participants' knowledge and practice scores of oral hygiene and their demographic characteristics. A P-value of less than 0.05 was regarded as significant. Results In this study, female students represented 70% of the sample, and most of them were Saudi (97.0%). Many of them identified the great impact of oral hygiene on overall health (89.2%), and more than two-thirds indicated that brushing their teeth regularly would prevent oral problems (89.2%). Nearly two-thirds of them perceived that dental problems would affect their school attendance; however, 59.1% ignored the important role of schools in maintaining students' oral hygiene. The poor practice of dental care was observed among students, as 47.5% brush their teeth twice daily and a third replace their brushes every three months. Despite the fact that the majority of the study population had adequate knowledge (44.4%) and a positive attitude (78.6%) toward oral hygiene, only 39.9% could effectively apply it. The knowledge of oral hygiene was significantly better among females (P = 0.005), older students (P = 0.001), those at a higher academic level (P = 0.016), and students from Al-Qunfudah city (P = 0.007). Furthermore, older pupils, those with a higher academic level, and those from Al-Qunfudah city performed better in terms of dental hygiene than their peers (P-value was 0.001 for each). Conclusion Secondary school students generally have adequate awareness levels and positive attitudes toward oral hygiene, but they practice it with remarkably little consistency. Schools should emphasize their crucial roles in enhancing oral health among their students of different education levels through their curriculum and frequent monitoring of students. Persuasive and realistic oral health education initiatives are recommended for schoolchildren and their family members or caregivers, with a particular emphasis on males, younger children, and those living in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa H Alkalash
- Community Medicine and Healthcare, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah, SAU
- Family Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, EGY
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Hamza B, Karkoutly M, Papageorgiou SN, Bshara N. Molar-incisor hypomineralisation: Knowledge and perception of Syrian undergraduate and postgraduate dental students. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2023; 27:343-352. [PMID: 35543303 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dentists' knowledge and expertise, especially in their early career, are primarily shaped during undergraduate studies. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the knowledge and perception of Syrian under- and postgraduate students regarding diagnosing and managing molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH)-affected teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Final-year dental students (FY-students), postgraduates in paediatric dentistry (PD-postgraduates) and postgraduates in other lines of specialty (OS-postgraduates) in all Syrian dental schools were invited to participate in an established web-based survey covering the knowledge and attitudes regarding the prevalence, aetiology, diagnosis and management of MIH. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact/chi-squared tests at 5%. RESULTS In total, 1142 post- and undergraduate students from six public and five private dental schools in Syria participated in this study (867 FY-students, 74 PD-postgraduates and 201 OS-postgraduates). PD-postgraduates were found to present statistically significantly better knowledge regarding MIH compared with the two other groups. Only 19% of FY-students and 54% of OS-postgraduates reported themselves familiar with MIH (compared with 97% of PD-postgraduates). Similarly, 18% of FY-students and 27% of OS-postgraduates were capable of diagnosing MIH (compared with 81% of PD-postgraduates). Stainless-steel crowns and direct composite fillings were chosen as most suitable for treating MIH-affected molars from all responders. CONCLUSIONS FY-students and even OS-postgraduates in Syria lack knowledge and confidence when confronted with MIH. The university curricula need to include more educational materials to equip the students with the necessary tools to manage MIH clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blend Hamza
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mawia Karkoutly
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental College, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Spyridon N Papageorgiou
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nada Bshara
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental College, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
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Ahmed MA, Jouhar R, Faheemuddin M, AlJafar A, Alabawi H, Alhumaidi B, Al Madeh M. Assessment of Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and DMFT Scores among Patients at King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59040688. [PMID: 37109646 PMCID: PMC10144951 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Oral health is one of the most significant issues in public health. The Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index is a useful tool for assessing and measuring the state of oral health in a community. This study aimed to evaluate oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices among participants who visited a dental clinic at King Faisal University and to evaluate their DMFT scores. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted at the King Faisal University dental complex, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, using a simple random sampling technique. The data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire in English and Arabic. All statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS 20 software. A chi square and ANOVA test were used to assess the association. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were a total of 260 participants, of whom 193 (74.2%) were male and 67 (25.8%) were female. Most participants, 173 (66.5%), were between the ages of 18 and 28. The majority of the participants 191 (73.5%) believed that bad oral hygiene led to gum disease. Additionally, major issues while visiting dental clinics, the importance of routine dental clinic visits, the existence of a connection between oral and general health, brushing time and frequency of change of used brush were significantly influenced by gender (p < 0.05). In terms of the DMFT index, mean numbers of decaying teeth (D) were 4.82 ± 4.15, mean numbers of missing teeth (M) were 1.56 ± 2.94, mean numbers of filled teeth (F) were 5.17 ± 5.28 and mean DMFT score was 11.56 ± 6.32, with a statistically significant difference observed (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study concluded that, although some of the study participants neglected oral hygiene practices, the majority of participants had good knowledge and attitudes regarding the significance of oral hygiene. Owing to inadequate practices, the decayed, missing, and filled teeth scores increased with increasing age. Additionally, gender had no significant impact on the mean scores for decayed, missing, and filled teeth, although there were significant differences between age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adeel Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Jouhar
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi 75500, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faheemuddin
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed AlJafar
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Alabawi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Baqer Alhumaidi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moaiad Al Madeh
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Eidenhardt Z, Busse S, Margraf-Stiksrud J, Deinzer R. Patients' awareness regarding the quality of their oral hygiene: development and validation of a new measurement instrument. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:629. [PMID: 36550463 PMCID: PMC9773685 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present research aimed to develop and validate a standardised survey instrument for the assessment of patients' awareness of the quality of their oral hygiene performance. METHODS A digital questionnaire was developed that assesses both patients' naïve self-perceptions of oral cleanliness (SPOCn) after tooth brushing and patients' perceptions after being informed how oral cleanliness may be captured in dentistry (SPOCd). Three studies (N = 56 adults, N = 66 adolescents and one of their parents, N = 24 university students) assessed the instrument's feasibility (patient reports), reliability (internal consistency), validity (correlation with other constructs; sensitivity to manipulation of actual tooth brushing), and the correlation with actual oral cleanliness after tooth brushing. RESULTS All study groups accepted the questionnaire well; average answering times were less than 5 min. Cronbach's α exceeds 0.90; correlational analyses support the discriminant validity regarding oral hygiene related self-efficacy expectations and stages of change; manipulation of oral hygiene behaviour results in the expected changes of SPOC scores. Patients' SPOC correlate only moderately with actual oral cleanliness. The comparison between SPOCd scores and actual oral cleanliness indicate that they considerably overestimate their oral hygiene performance. CONCLUSIONS The SPOC questionnaire is an easy-to-use, well-accepted, reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of patients' awareness of the quality of their oral hygiene for research and clinical purposes. The results of the questionnaire may help to reveal unrealistic self-perceptions of patients regarding their oral hygiene. It can raise their awareness of the need to improve their skills and/or efforts in this regard. Trial registration The third study was an interventional study and was registered in the appropriate national register ( www.drks.de ; ID: DRKS00018781; date of registration: 12/09/2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenka Eidenhardt
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Klinikstr. 29, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Busse
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Klinikstr. 29, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Renate Deinzer
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Klinikstr. 29, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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12
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Karkoutly M, Hamza B, Al Batal S, Al Barazi A, Bshara N. Knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and clinical experiences on molar incisor hypomineralization among Syrian pediatric dentists and general dental practitioners: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:561. [PMID: 36456977 PMCID: PMC9714236 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a widespread oral health problem. Dentists encounter several challenges regarding MIH management worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and clinical experiences on MIH among general dental practitioners and pediatric dentists in Syria. METHODS All general dental practitioners and pediatric dentists belonging to the Syrian Dental Syndicate of Damascus were invited to complete a cross-sectional structured questionnaire (n = 1936). The questionnaire consisted of four sections and required responses regarding demographic data, knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and experiences on MIH. Data were analyzed with Pearson's chi-square test and multivariate regression models using SPSS Ver. 23.0. RESULTS The overall response rate was 36.31% (703/1936). Pediatric dentists were significantly more familiar with MIH (p < 0.001) and more confident when diagnosing it (p < 0.001). Most participants (43.95%) perceived an increase in MIH prevalence in Syria. Stainless steel crowns were the most favorable restorative material for molars with post-eruptive breakdown (51.38%). As for molars and incisors with opacities, composite resin was preferred with (41.82%), and (67.51%) respectively. General dental practitioners requested further training regarding MIH treatment (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Pediatric dentists were equipped with further knowledge regarding MIH, and were more confident when diagnosing it. There is a need for additional training and education for general dental practitioners. Most respondents perceived an increase in the prevalence of MIH. There is a dearth of data regarding MIH prevalence in Syria. The materials of choice for restoring teeth with MIH were stainless steel crowns and composite resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mawia Karkoutly
- grid.8192.20000 0001 2353 3326Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental College, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Blend Hamza
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sami Al Batal
- grid.8192.20000 0001 2353 3326Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental College, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Amat Al Barazi
- grid.8192.20000 0001 2353 3326Dental College, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Nada Bshara
- grid.8192.20000 0001 2353 3326Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental College, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
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13
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Rajeh MT. Gender Differences in Oral Health Knowledge and Practices Among Adults in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2022; 14:235-244. [PMID: 35957700 PMCID: PMC9359402 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s379171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mona T Rajeh
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Mona T Rajeh, Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 502500888, Email
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Mueller M, Schorle S, Vach K, Hartmann A, Zeeck A, Schlueter N. Relationship between dental experiences, oral hygiene education and self-reported oral hygiene behaviour. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264306. [PMID: 35202439 PMCID: PMC8870456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many preventive approaches in dentistry aim to improve oral health through behavioural instruction or intervention concerning oral health behaviour. However, it is still unknown which factors have the highest impact on oral health behaviours, such as toothbrushing or regular dental check-ups. Various external and internal individual factors such as education, experience with dentists or influence by parents could be relevant. Therefore, the present observational study investigated the influence of these factors on self-reported oral heath behaviour. One hundred and seventy participants completed standardized questionnaires about dental anxiety (Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS), and dental self-efficacy perceptions (dSEP)). They also answered newly composed questionnaires on oral hygiene behaviours and attitudes, current and childhood dental experiences as well as parental oral hygiene education and care. Four independent factors, namely attitude towards oral hygiene, attitude towards one's teeth, sense of care and self-inspection of one's teeth were extracted from these questionnaires by rotating factor analysis. The results of the questionnaires were correlated by means of linear regressions. Dental anxiety was related to current negative emotions when visiting a dentist and negative dental-related experiences during childhood. High DAS scores, infantile and current negative experiences showed significant negative correlations with the attitude towards oral hygiene and one's teeth. Dental anxiety and current negative dental experiences reduced participants' dental self-efficacy perceptions as well as the self-inspection of one's teeth. While parental care positively influenced the attitude towards one's teeth, dental self-efficacy perceptions significantly correlated with attitude towards oral hygiene, self-inspection of one's teeth and parental care. Dental anxiety, dental experiences, parents' care for their children's oral hygiene and dental self-efficacy perceptions influence the attitude towards oral hygiene and one's own oral cavity as well as the autonomous control of one's own dental health. Therefore, oral hygiene instruction and the development of patient-centred preventive approaches should consider these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxi Mueller
- Faculty of Medicine, Division for Cariology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Schorle
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Armin Hartmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Almut Zeeck
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Schlueter
- Faculty of Medicine, Division for Cariology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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15
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Oral Hygiene Practices and Oral Health Knowledge among Students in Split, Croatia. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020406. [PMID: 35207018 PMCID: PMC8872387 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Knowledge of oral health is a fundamental prerequisite for healthy behavior, allowing individuals to take measures to protect their overall health. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the knowledge of oral health as well as to assess the oral hygiene habits among healthcare and non-healthcare students. Methods: The study was based on a questionnaire and was conducted among 1088 students. Most of the students, 67.6% were non-healthcare students. Data were processed by Mann–Whitney or Kruskal–Wallis one-way ANOVA test. Results: The correct median score and interquartile range were 11 (9–13) for all surveyed students, 11 (9–12) for students in non-healthcare programs and 13 (11–14) for students in healthcare programs. Students did not significantly differ in the knowledge of oral health by gender (p = 0.082) but did differ by age, study program, and year of study (p ≤ 0.001). Students whose family members work in the field of dental medicine also showed better oral health knowledge (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: The results showed good oral health knowledge among tested university students. However, it is important to emphasize that students who showed better knowledge more often used additional aids to maintain oral hygiene; therefore, the obtained data underline the importance of students’ further education in order to better understand and maintain oral health.
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16
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Mouawad G, Helal N, AlSadun L, Felemban O. Impact of COVID-19 quarantine on oral health among pediatric patients and the parental attitude towards dental treatment at King Abdulaziz University: An observational study. J Int Oral Health 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_267_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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17
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Bhole SS, Vibhute NA, Belgaumi U, Kadashetti V, Bommanavar S, Kamate W. Effect of an educational intervention on manual toothbrush bristle wear: A light microscopic study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2022; 26:604-608. [PMID: 36582950 PMCID: PMC9793932 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_50_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The usage of a toothbrush with the most appropriate bristle type and a correct brushing technique are the most important factors in determining the thoroughness of plaque control. The dental undergraduate course conventionally does not impart tooth brushing techniques in the preclinical years. This study aimed to assess the effect of an educational intervention of correct tooth brushing technique on the wear of toothbrush bristles by light microscopic examination amongst the budding dental professionals. Materials and Methods Toothbrush bristle wear was measured by light microscopy before and after an educational intervention amongst 30 first-year dental professional students. Wear index (WI), wear rate (WR), and acceptable percentage of bristle end morphology were calculated. Mann-Whitney U-statistics test and unpaired t-test were used to compare measurements of acceptable percentage and gender wise, respectively. The difference was said to be significant if P < 0.05. Results The mean WI before intervention was 0.29 ± 0.122 and after the intervention was 0.23 ± 0.07, while the mean WR before intervention was 1.6 ± 0.167 and after the intervention was 1.17 ± 0.46% of bristle end morphology before intervention was 52.5 ± 10.064 and after intervention was 64.5 ± 5.625 with the difference being statistically significant with P < 0.05. Interpretations and Conclusion The present study highlights the importance of imparting a correct tooth brushing technique in reducing the toothbrush bristle wear and improving the efficiency of the toothbrush in maintaining optimum oral hygiene. Early intervention of correct oral hygiene measures is especially prudent for the budding dental professional for future healthcare delivery to the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhi Shekhar Bhole
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nupura A. Vibhute
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Maharashtra, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Nupura A. Vibhute, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad - 415 110, Maharashtra, India. E-mail:
| | - Uzma Belgaumi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vidya Kadashetti
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sushma Bommanavar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Wasim Kamate
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Maharashtra, India
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18
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Al-Omiri MK, Al-Shayyab MH, Alahmari NM, Aldosari LI, Alzoubi IA, Al Nazeh AA, Majdalawi F, Alsafadi L, Lynch E. Impacts of the Triple bristles three-sided sonic powered toothbrush on tooth shade, plaque control and gingival health. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 19:382-397. [PMID: 34529340 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of the Triple bristles three-sided sonic powered toothbrush in plaque removal and its impact on tooth shade and gingival health, and to compare this with a conventional manual toothbrush. METHODS Fifty two participants (26 males and 26 females; mean age [SD] = 22.48 [1.52], SE = 0.210, 95% CI = 22.06-22.90) were recruited into this controlled within-subject, randomized, two-treatment, 1-month crossover and examiner-blinded observational study between October 2020 and January 2021 in the School of Dentistry, University of Jordan. Within each participant, the upper and lower jaws were randomized to receive a brushing protocol either with the Triple bristles three-sided sonic brush or with a soft manual standard toothbrush with flat trimmed bristles. Tooth shades were recorded for upper and lower anterior and premolar teeth. The Turesky-Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TMQHPI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were evaluated at study baseline, 1 week and 1 month after applying the brushing protocol. RESULTS Both tested brushes were associated with significant reduction in plaque scores and BOP (p < 0.05). The Triple bristles brush was more effective in reduction in plaque and BOP in the lower jaw and among females than the manual brush (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The Triple bristles brush was more superior for reduction in plaque and probing on bleeding in the lower jaw and among females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud K Al-Omiri
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.,Department of Prosthodontics, The City of London Dental School, London, UK
| | - Mohammad H Al-Shayyab
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nasser M Alahmari
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Asir-Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lujain I Aldosari
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Asir-Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A Alzoubi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al Nazeh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Asir-Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Hallang S, Esberg A, Haworth S, Johansson I. Healthy Oral Lifestyle Behaviours Are Associated with Favourable Composition and Function of the Oral Microbiota. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1674. [PMID: 34442754 PMCID: PMC8401320 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Modifiable lifestyle interventions may influence dental disease by shifting the composition of the oral microbiota. This study aimed to test whether lifestyle traits are associated with oral microbiota composition and function. Swedish volunteers, aged 16 to 79 years, completed a lifestyle traits questionnaire including lifestyle characteristics and oral health behaviours. Bacterial 16S rDNA amplicons were sequenced and classified into genera and species, using salivary DNA. Microbiota functions were predicted using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States and the KO Database of Molecular Functions by ortholog annotation. Tests for association used partial least squares and linear regression analysis with correction for multiple testing. The main analysis included 401 participants and 229 common bacterial species (found in ≥10% of the participants). The overall microbiota composition was strongly associated with questions "do you think caries is a disease?" and "do you use floss or a toothpick?". Enriched relative abundance of Actinomyces, Campylobacter, Dialister, Fusobacterium, Peptidophaga and Scardovia genera (all p < 0.05 after adjustment for multiple testing), and functional profiles showing enrichment of carbohydrate related functions, were found in participants who answered "no" to these questions. Socio-demographic traits and other oral hygiene behaviours were also associated. Healthier oral microbiota composition and predicted functions are found in those with favourable oral health behaviours. Modifiable risk factors could be prioritized for possible interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirleen Hallang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK; (S.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Anders Esberg
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Simon Haworth
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK; (S.H.); (S.H.)
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
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20
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Haghi R, Ashouri A, Karimy M, Rouhani-Tonekaboni N, Kasmaei P, Pakdaman F, Zareban I. The role of correlated factors based on Pender health promotion model in brushing behavior in the 13-16 years old students of Guilan, Iran. Ital J Pediatr 2021; 47:111. [PMID: 33980275 PMCID: PMC8117318 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-021-01063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tooth decay is one of the diseases that is closely related to people’s behaviors and it can have adverse effects on their performance and their success in the future. Brushing twice a day is the simplest and most effective way to reduce tooth decay. The study aim was to determining the roles of correlational factors based on the Pender’s health promotion model in brushing behavior of ninth grade students at urban public schools of Guilan province during the academic year 2019. Methods The present study was cross-sectional and had a descriptive-analytical type. We performed the multi-stage random sampling on 761 ninth-grade students (374 girls and 387 boys) at urban public schools of six counties (ten cities) of Guilan province in 2019. The primary tool was a questionnaire on oral health behaviors focusing on brushing behavior. In the present study, which was conducted only on brushing behavior, we revised and changed the initial questionnaire during the sessions of the research team, and then confirmed its validity and reliability. The questionnaire consisted of three parts, demographic characteristics, constructs of health promotion model, and brushing behavior. We analyzed data in SPSS 21 using regression models. Results 20.1% of students brushed their teeth at least twice a day. Optimal behavior had a statistically significant relationship with parents’ education level, and gender. Based on the regression model, the health promotion model constructs described 58% of the variance of the commitment to plan of action. Perceived self-efficacy, situational influences, and perceived barriers of action had significantly stronger relationships with commitment to plan of action respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that one-unit increase in scores of commitment to plan of action and self-efficacy increased the chance of desired behavior by 12 and 14% respectively. Conclusion Due to the low rate of brushing behavior in the students and the predictive power of the health promotion model in brushing behavior, we suggest planning and implementation of educational interventions for this group with an emphasis on influencing the commitment to plan of action, self-efficacy, and also the level of knowledge. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13052-021-01063-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robabeh Haghi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Asieh Ashouri
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases Research CenterHeshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahmood Karimy
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Nooshin Rouhani-Tonekaboni
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Research Center of Health and Environment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, 41857-33411, Realat St., Rasht, Iran
| | - Parisa Kasmaei
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Research Center of Health and Environment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, 41857-33411, Realat St., Rasht, Iran.
| | - Farahnaz Pakdaman
- Department of Elderly and Middle-aged Health, Vice-chancellor of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Iraj Zareban
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran
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21
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YILMAZ ÇIRAKOĞLU N, GÖKCEK M. Influence of Socioeconomic Factors and Oral Health Behaviour on Knowledge Levels of the Dental Health and Procedures: The Questionnaire based Research. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.789520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Pohjola V, Nurkkala M, Virtanen JI. Psychological distress, oral health behaviour and related factors among adolescents: Finnish School Health Promotion Study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:6. [PMID: 33407339 PMCID: PMC7788692 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological distress may affect health behaviour. We examined how psychological distress, social phobia (SP) and anxiety associated with tooth brushing among Finnish adolescents with respect to gender, school grade, parents' education, family structure, smoking and perceived general health. METHODS This study is part of the Finnish national School Health Promotion Study (SHP). The study population comprised a representative sample of Finnish 15-year-olds (N = 45,877). Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) served to assess SP and anxiety. A questionnaire enquired about the respondents' oral health habits (tooth brushing, smoking), background factors (age, gender, family structure and parents' education) and perceived general health. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression analyses served in the statistical analyses. RESULTS About two-thirds of the girls (66.7%) and less than half of the boys (40.1%) followed the international recommendation of tooth brushing twice daily. Girls reported possible problems with SP and GAD more often than boys did. Those reporting possible problems with SP or moderate or severe anxiety brushed their teeth at least twice daily less often than did those reporting no possible problems with SP and those with no, slight or mild anxiety. Logistic regression analyses showed that male gender (OR = 3.2; 95% CI 3.1-3.4), parents' basic education (OR = 1.5; 95% CI 1.4-1.5), and adolescents' perception of their current state of health as moderate, fairly or very poor (OR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.5-2.0) associated with not brushing teeth twice daily. Gender-specific logistic regression analyses showed that boys who smoked (OR = 1.7; 95% CI 1.6-1.8) were less likely than non-smokers to brush their teeth twice daily. CONCLUSION Adolescents with psychological distress, such as possible SP or possible general anxiety, had less favourable oral health behaviour. Psychological distress indicates a greater risk for oral health problems already in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesa Pohjola
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Meri Nurkkala
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. .,Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Awareness and Practice of Oral Health Measures in Medina, Saudi Arabia: An Observational Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17239112. [PMID: 33291281 PMCID: PMC7730934 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17239112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this observational study is to investigate the oral health status and practices in the multicultural community of Medina, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional questionnaire was distributed that asked about oral health, dental and periodontal conditions, personal attitudes toward dental care, and smoking habits. Cross tabulation with chi-squared testing was carried out to investigate the association of toothbrush usage and smoking with several variables. Four-hundred and sixty subjects enrolled in the study. The majority of the respondents were students and Saudi males. More than 75% of the participants had neither a family dentist nor dental insurance; 7% were smokers, 84% used a toothbrush, 17% used dental floss and 34% used miswak (a teeth cleaning twig made from the Salvadora persica tree). Some of the individuals complained of tooth sensitivity, halitosis and bleeding gums. The main reason for dental visits was pain, with 23% of the participants having never visited a dentist. Tooth brushing was significantly associated with gender, nationality, occupation, education, marital status, having kids and dental insurance (p ≤ 0.05). Tobacco consumption was significantly associated with age, occupation, education level, marital status, having children, having bleeding gingivae and halitosis. Effective dental education programs are needed to improve dental knowledge and awareness in the Medina community.
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Farsi NJ, Merdad Y, Mirdad M, Batweel O, Badri R, Alrefai H, Alshahrani S, Tayeb R, Farsi J. Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Among University Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2020; 12:515-523. [PMID: 33235510 PMCID: PMC7680169 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s272986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among a sample of senior students at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), and to assess differences among these factors between genders. Methods A total of 1177 senior university students at KAU were included in this cross-sectional study. Participants were selected by stratified random sampling. KAU has three main streams categorized by field of study. One faculty was randomly selected from each stream. Information regarding oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors was collected with a validated self-administered questionnaire. A knowledge score was calculated, and predictors of oral health knowledge were assessed by linear regression. Results In general, the mean oral health knowledge score of females (8.1 ± 1.8) was significantly higher than that of males (7.2 ± 2.1) out of 13. Relative to males, females reported a greater frequency of teeth cleaning and of using a toothbrush with proper technique (p < 0.001). Females were also more likely to have ever visited a dentist than males (95% and 86%, respectively). The linear regression model revealed that students in non-medical faculties and those who were not shown how to brush their teeth by a dentist had lower oral health knowledge scores, than their counterparts. Students older than 22 years and females were more likely to have higher oral health knowledge scores than were their counterparts. Conclusion Oral health knowledge was relatively low among the university students, but females showed better oral health knowledge and behaviors than males did.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada J Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Merdad
- Department of Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Rawan Badri
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Alrefai
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultanah Alshahrani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jamila Farsi
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Zahid T, Alyafi R, Bantan N, Alzahrani R, Elfirt E. Comparison of Effectiveness of Mobile App versus Conventional Educational Lectures on Oral Hygiene Knowledge and Behavior of High School Students in Saudi Arabia. Patient Prefer Adherence 2020; 14:1901-1909. [PMID: 33116434 PMCID: PMC7569061 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s270215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the impact of two different oral health education approaches, a mobile application (the Brush DJ app) and conventional educational lectures, on the oral hygiene knowledge and behavior of high school children. METHODS The research was a cross-sectional study of 271 students from two public schools in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia. An eighteen-item questionnaire was used for this purpose. Those who completed the baseline questionnaire were allocated to one of two groups: (1) mobile application and (2) educational lecture. A follow-up survey was later conducted at three months, which repeated eight of the eighteen questions asked in the baseline survey. The change in oral hygiene attitude and behaviors was compared across both groups. RESULTS The Brush DJ app was found to be equally effective compared to educational lectures in changing oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior. Both groups showed significant improvements in almost all aspects of oral health, except for the frequency and duration of tooth brushing in the app group. There was no change in twice daily tooth brushing of app users, and less than 40% reported brushing their teeth for 2 minutes. A statistically significant change, however, was noted among lecture group participants in these two areas of oral hygiene routine. The app was also found to be more difficult in usability than educational lectures (p = 0.037). CONCLUSION The Brush DJ app may be a valuable tool to improve oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior. However, the app needs some improvements. The content and features of the app need to be structured in a way that it allows for personalization and is more interactive, practical and user-friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talal Zahid
- Department of Periodontology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rusha Alyafi
- Department of Periodontology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Bantan
- Department of Periodontology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Alzahrani
- Department of Periodontology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Elfirt
- Department of Periodontology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Kaunein N, Singh A, King T. Associations between Individual-level and Area-level social disadvantage and oral health behaviours in Australian adolescents. Aust Dent J 2020; 65:286-293. [PMID: 32894571 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health behaviours are significant determinants of oral health. There is evidence that socioeconomic position influences oral health behaviours, but little is known about this association during adolescence. This study aims to investigate the association between social disadvantage (individual and area level) and oral health behaviours among Australian adolescents. METHODS This study utilized data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). The sample consisted of 2877 adolescents. Exposure measures were area-level social disadvantage (Socioeconomic Indexes for Areas) and parent-reported household income from Wave 5. Outcomes, measured in Wave 6, were three different adolescent-reported oral health behaviours: frequency of brushing, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and dental visits. Associations between quintiles of each exposure and each oral health behaviour were tested by fitting multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS Household income and area-level disadvantage were associated with dental visits and brushing frequency. Associations between social disadvantage and consumption of SSBs were less apparent, with only the least disadvantaged adolescents having lower odds of consumption of SSBs compared to the most disadvantaged group. CONCLUSION Individual and area-level socioeconomic factors are associated with dental visits, and frequency of brushing.Broad population-based strategies must be adopted to reduce intake of SSBs, however, targeted strategies are needed among more disadvantaged populations to address infrequent toothbrushing and irregular dental visits among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Kaunein
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ankur Singh
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tania King
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Sharma N, Shukla J, Sharma D, Mehta D, Kakde L, Bais K. Perceived Status and Care Practices among Complete Denture Wearers. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:S336-S339. [PMID: 33149482 PMCID: PMC7595450 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_99_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral health is neglected even today. This can be evidently seen in the low utilization rates and poor oral health status. Conventional dentures are the most common treatment option in the restoration of lost teeth. Without appropriate denture care practices, there is an elevated risk of developing a multitude of problems. The aim of this study was to assess the perceived status and care practices among complete denture wearers in Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics at the Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. Patients with self-care optimum overall health who were using either single or full complete dentures for more than 1 year from the commencement of the study were requested to participate in the study. A total of 1000 study participants were given a self-administered questionnaire on their denture care practices followed by clinical examination of the denture status. Data were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software for Windows, version 20.0. Results: Maximum denture wearers informed that they cleaned their dentures once a day, with brush and water, and had the habit of removing the dentures before sleeping at night. Almost 90% of the participants reported their denture status to be good or fair. Clinical examination revealed that slightly more than half of the participants had poor denture status. Conclusion: This study signifies the importance for improvement in patient oral health education and counseling with respect to the maintenance of dentures and upkeep of denture hygiene. It also emphasizes the need for educating patients on how to evaluate the status of their dentures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Sharma
- Department of Prosthodontics, Modern Dental College & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jyotsna Shukla
- Department of Prosthodontics, Modern Dental College & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Dheeraj Sharma
- Department of Oral Pathology, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Mehta
- Department of Prosthodontics, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Lalita Kakde
- Department of Prosthodontics, Modern Dental College & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Krati Bais
- Department of Prosthodontics, Modern Dental College & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Abdulbaqi HR, Abdulkareem AA, Alshami ML, Milward MR. The oral health and periodontal diseases awareness and knowledge in the Iraqi population: Online-based survey. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 6:519-528. [PMID: 32592312 PMCID: PMC7545227 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate oral health (OH) and periodontal diseases (PD) awareness in the Iraqi population. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was a questionnaire-based online survey of two weeks duration. The questionnaire was built using a Google platform and was distributed randomly via social media (Facebook and Telegram). The questionnaire consisted of a demographic data section and two other main sections for the evaluation of OH and PD awareness. Each response was marked with "1" for a positive answer and "0" for the other answers. For each respondent, answers were summed to give an overall score. The frequency of positive responses was used to determine the association of awareness with demographic data and the level of awareness into low, moderate, and high levels. RESULTS A total of 1,465 were included in the final analysis after application of exclusion criteria. The respondents showed significantly higher levels of awareness about PD (mean ± SD = 3.66 ± 1.42) than OH awareness (mean ± SD = 2.19 ± 1.29). Analysis of data showed that OH awareness was mainly associated with high degree holders (OR 1.851) and age > 45 years (OR 1.730). However, PD awareness did not show any evident association with demographic variables investigated. In general, the respondents exhibited low levels of OH knowledge and low to moderate level of PD knowledge. CONCLUSIONS Despite limitations, this study revealed inappropriate levels of OH and PD awareness and knowledge in the Iraqi population and provided the baseline data necessary for the development of Governmental educational programs and health awareness campaigns which are highly suggested particularly focusing on the primary and high schools, in an attempt to improve the levels of awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mike R Milward
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Oral health status and associated lifestyle behaviors in a sample of Iranian adults: an exploratory household survey. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:82. [PMID: 32192497 PMCID: PMC7082917 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01072-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor oral hygiene can lead to serious diseases, such as periodontitis, tooth decay, pain and discomfort in teeth or gums, infections, and loss of teeth. In Iran, adults aged 50 y and older are a high-risk group for oral health problems, and this age group will grow in the coming decades. Despite increasing attention on healthy aging, there is relatively less emphasis on oral hygiene and health-related problems. The present study investigated the oral health status of Iranian adults using the oral health self-assessment questionnaire (OHQ) developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). METHODS A population-based household survey of a sample of adults aged 18-65 y was conducted. In this study, the participants were recruited between May and October 2016 in Tabriz, Iran, and the study population was sampled using a multi-stage cluster sampling design. The WHO's OHQ for adults was used for measuring oral health status and oral hygiene behavior. RESULTS In total, 2310 respondents completed the survey. The mean age (SD) of the participants was 41.6(23.4) y. Males accounted for 48.8% of the participants. Of the 2310 respondents,187 (8.1%) individuals were edentulous, 152(20.7%) of whom were aged 51-65 y. Furthermore, 72.3% of those aged 51-65 y were dentate, and 50% of adults aged 51-65 y said they had 20 or more teeth. About one-third of the participants reported that they did not brush their teeth daily (23% of those aged 18-35 y,35.9% of those aged 36-50 y, and 44.6% for those aged 51-65 y). In the sample, 39.4% of individuals aged 18-35 y,34.1% of individuals aged 36-50 y, and 26.6% of individuals aged 51-65 y had visited a dentist less than 6 month ago. One-third of the participants consumed sweets and sugary drinks daily. CONCLUSIONS Although the majority of Iranian adults considered their oral health status good, only a small percentage of the sample visited their dentist regularly. Furthermore, visits to the dentist declined in accordance with increasing age, a time when the incidence of oral health problems may increase. Poor oral health may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes, particularly among the aging population.
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Skipping Breakfast and Its Association with Health Risk Behaviour and Mental Health Among University Students in 28 Countries. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2889-2897. [PMID: 32884315 PMCID: PMC7443458 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s241670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The study aimed to investigate the associations between skipping breakfast and various health risk behaviours and mental health in university students in 28 countries. METHODS Using a cross-sectional study design, 21,972 university students with a median age of 20 years from 28 countries in Africa, the Americas and Asia, replied to self-reported measures of breakfast consumption, health compromising behaviours, mental health measures and protective factors. RESULTS In adjusted logistic regression analysis, infrequent and/or frequent breakfast skipping was associated with inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, frequent soft drink intake, not avoiding fat and cholesterol, current binge drinking, current tobacco use, gambling, not always wearing a seatbelt, inadequate physical activity, inadequate tooth brushing, not seeing a dentist in the past year and having been in a physical fight. In addition, infrequent and/or frequent breakfast skipping was associated with depression, lower happiness, posttraumatic stress disorder, loneliness, short sleep, long sleep, sleep problem, restless sleep, sleep problem due to traumatic event, and poor academic performance. DISCUSSION We found evidence that skipping breakfast was associated with 10 of 15 health risk behaviours, all of nine poor mental health indicators and poor academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Correspondence: Karl Peltzer Email
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Saadeh R, Bober-Moken I, Challa S. Relationship between General Health Behaviors and Oral Health Behaviors in 2015-2016 NHANES Adult Population. Eur J Dent 2019; 13:405-412. [PMID: 31618787 PMCID: PMC6890499 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1698364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between general health behaviors and oral health behaviors in adults who participated in the interview component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of 2015 to 2016. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study design of a national data set that included 5,992 adults who represented a sample of civilian, noninstitutionalized US population. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Chi-squared test of independence was used to describe the relationship of demographic information with oral health behaviors of participants. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association between general and oral health behaviors. RESULTS More than half (53.6%) of the participants had seen a dentist in the past 12 months and the main reason for that visit was for a regular checkup, cleaning, or examination. More than one-quarter (28.7%) reported visiting a dentist because something was hurting or bothering them. Most respondents (63.4%) reported being hardly ever or never having been embarrassed by their mouth condition. Age at one's first sexual encounter, having a new sexual partner, mental health counseling, moderate- intensity sports, and computer use were significantly associated with positive oral health behaviors. CONCLUSIONS For maximum effectiveness, health promotion efforts should target risk behaviors common to both oral and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Saadeh
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Irene Bober-Moken
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Suman Challa
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
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Addi RA, Benksim A, Cherkaoui M. Sociodemographic Inequalities and Health Behaviors in the Dental and Periodontal Health. WORLD JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY 2019; 10:29-34. [DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
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A Comparative Study of Oral Health Status between International and Japanese University Student Patients in Japan. Healthcare (Basel) 2018; 6:healthcare6020052. [PMID: 29786654 PMCID: PMC6023454 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare6020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The number of international students enrolled in universities in Japan is increasing. To provide better oral care services for international students, we have to understand their oral environment and dental health behaviors. However, few studies have investigated the oral health status of international university students. The object of the present study was to clarify the current oral status of international university students. Methods: The subjects were students who visited the dental department at the University of Tokyo’s Health Services Center between April 2012 and March 2013. Our medical records were reviewed with regard to the following items: attributes (nationality, gender, and age); chief complaint (reason for visit); history of dental treatment; mean number of decayed (D), missing (M) or filled (F) teeth as a single (DMFT) index; degree of calculus deposition; gingival condition; and oral hygiene status. Results: The records of 554 university students (138 international and 416 non-international students) were analyzed; 88.4% of the 138 international students were from Asian countries (n = 122), of which 47.1% were from China and 10.9% from Korea, followed by North America (5.8%), Europe (4.3%), and Africa (1.5%). Although no significant differences were found regarding the history of dental treatment between international and non-international students (49.3% and 48.8%, respectively), international students had a significantly higher dental caries morbidity rate (60.1%) than non-international students (49.0%). The international students showed a significantly higher DMFT value compared with the non-international students: 5.0 and 4.0 per individual, respectively. Severe calculus deposition was observed in international students compared with non-international students (51.9% and 31.7%, respectively). Conclusions: The international university students had poorer oral health status than the non-international students, even though the result might include many uncertainties and possible biases.
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Ruiz-Palomino E, Giménez-García C, Ballester-Arnal R, Gil-Llario MD. Health promotion in young people: Identifying the predisposing factors of self-care health habits. J Health Psychol 2018; 25:1410-1424. [PMID: 29468900 DOI: 10.1177/1359105318758858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy behaviors are strongly associated with chronic diseases, disabilities, or mortality. Identifying the predisposing factors that influence on self-care healthy habits will improve an early detection of high-risk groups. Four hundred and sixty-six Spanish young people aged 18-25 years were assessed. Global perceived health self-care was predicted by Value of health and Conscientiousness, both in females (R2 = 0.185; F = 29.661; p < 0.001) and males (R2 = 0.154; F = 17.849; p < 0.001). The results have shown gender differences in health self-care habits. Health promotion policies should include specific health consciousness-based strategies.
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Fernandez de Grado G, Ehlinger V, Godeau E, Sentenac M, Arnaud C, Nabet C, Monsarrat P. Socioeconomic and behavioral determinants of tooth brushing frequency: results from the representative French 2010 HBSC cross-sectional study. J Public Health Dent 2018; 78:221-230. [DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Fernandez de Grado
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health; Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse University Hospital; Toulouse France
- UMR 1027 INSERM, Paul Sabatier University; Toulouse France
- UMR 1260 INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Regenerative Nanomedicine; Strasbourg France
| | | | - Emmanuelle Godeau
- UMR 1027 INSERM, Paul Sabatier University; Toulouse France
- Service Médical du Rectorat de Toulouse (Ministry of Education); Toulouse France
| | | | | | - Cathy Nabet
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health; Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse University Hospital; Toulouse France
- UMR 1027 INSERM, Paul Sabatier University; Toulouse France
| | - Paul Monsarrat
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Radiology; Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse University Hospital; Toulouse France
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL 5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM, UPS; Toulouse France
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Bordin D, Fadel CB, Santos CBD, Garbin CAS, Moimaz SAS, Saliba NA. Determinants of oral self-care in the Brazilian adult population: a national cross-sectional study. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e115. [PMID: 29267676 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate variables related to adherence to oral self-care in the Brazilian adult population. It is an exploratory study, using secondary data from a population-based survey on a representative sample of the adult population of the entire Brazilian territory (n=60202). The sample was selected using a multiple stage approach. The oral self-care indicator was defined by grouping the variables: periodicity of dentist appointments, use of dental floss, toothbrush and toothpaste, frequency of brushing and replacement of the toothbrush. The scores obtained from the indicator were categorized into adequate, partially adequate, and inadequate care. Statistical analysis consisted of dimensionality reduction, and oral self-care-related variables were submitted to logistic regression. The variables mostly related to inadequate or partially adequate oral self-care were: illiteracy (OR = 11.20, OR = 4.81), low educational level (OR = 3.50, OR = 1.96), negative oral health self-concept (OR=3.73, OR=1.74), absence of natural teeth (OR = 4.98, OR=2.60), edentulous lower arch (OR = 3.09; _____), number of missing upper teeth (OR=1.14, OR=1.05), absence of health insurance (OR=2.23, OR=2.07), sedentary lifestyle (OR=2.77, OR=1.51), and smoking (OR=2.18, OR=1.40). It was concluded that the individual's level of education is one of the main factors for adherence to adequate oral self-care, followed by level of oral health self-concept and tooth loss. Likewise, lifestyle also bears a significant influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Bordin
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - Unesp, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric and Social Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristina Berger Fadel
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa - UEPG, Department of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Cléa Adas Saliba Garbin
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - Unesp, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric and Social Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Suzely Adas Saliba Moimaz
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - Unesp, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric and Social Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Nemre Adas Saliba
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - Unesp, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric and Social Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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Drachev SN, Brenn T, Trovik TA. Dental caries experience and determinants in young adults of the Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, North-West Russia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2017; 17:136. [PMID: 29183304 PMCID: PMC5706395 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-017-0426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little information exists about the experience of and risk factors for dental caries in young adults in Russia. We investigated dental caries experience and determinants in medical and dental students in North-West Russia. Methods This cross-sectional study included 442 medical and 309 dental undergraduate students of Russian nationality aged 18–25 years from the Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia. Information on socio-demographic factors and oral health behaviour (regularity of dental visits, frequency of tooth-brushing, using toothpaste with fluoride, and skipping tooth-brushing) was obtained from a structured, self-administered questionnaire. Dental caries experience was based on the decayed (D) missing (M) filled (F) teeth (T) index and the Significant Caries (SiC) index, which were assessed through dental examination. Students with a DMFT index ≥9 were placed in the SiC group. Negative binomial hurdle and multivariable binary logistic regressions were used for statistical analyses. Results The prevalence of dental caries (DMFT >0) was 96.0%, overall mean DMFT index was 7.58 (DT: 0.61, MT: 0.12, and FT: 6.84), and the corresponding SiC index was 12.50. Age 21–25 years (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.18), being a female (IRR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01–1.20), high subjective socioeconomic status (SES) [IRR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02–1.21], and skipping tooth-brushing (IRR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.00–1.19) were associated with a higher DMFT index. DMFT index also increased among students who reported regular dental visits (IRR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.10–1.36), but their odds of being in the dental caries-free group decreased (odds ratio [OR] = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.18–0.82). Significant predictors of being categorised to the SiC group were older age (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.03–1.92), high subjective SES (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.13–2.19), and regular dental visits (OR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.56–3.51). Conclusions A high prevalence of dental caries and high DMFT index, with a dominance of FT, were observed in our Russian medical and dental students. Age, sex, subjective SES, regular dental visits, and skipping tooth-brushing were determinants of dental caries experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei N Drachev
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway. .,International School of Public Health, Northern State Medical University, Troickij av. 51, NSMU, ISPHA, office 1252, 163061, Arkhangelsk, Russia.
| | - Tormod Brenn
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tordis A Trovik
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway
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Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Dental health status and oral health behavior among university students from five ASEAN countries. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2017; 79:123-133. [PMID: 28626248 PMCID: PMC5472538 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.79.2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate dental health status and oral health behavior and associated factors among university students in five ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam). Using anonymous questionnaires, data were collected from 3,344 undergraduate university students (mean age 20.5, SD=1.6; 58.3% female) from five ASEAN countries. Results indicate that 27.7% of students reported to have sometimes, most of the time or always having tooth ache in the past 12 months, 39.4% reported to have one or more cavities, 20.3% did not brush their teeth twice or more times a day, and 30.9% had never been to a dentist (or did not know it). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, older age, living in a lower middle income country, consumption of chocolate or candy, having made a dental care visit, and poor mental health was associated with tooth ache in the past 12 months. Being male, being 20 to 21 years old, coming from a wealthier family background, living in a lower middle income country, frequent consumption of soft drinks, not having consulted with a dentist in the past 12 months and weak beliefs in the benefits of tooth brushing were associated with inadequate tooth brushing frequency (
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Peltzer
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
- Department of Research Development and Innovation, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
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Tsuchiya M, Momma H, Sekiguchi T, Kuroki K, Kanazawa K, Watanabe M, Hagiwara Y, Nagatomi R. Excessive Game Playing Is Associated with Poor Toothbrushing Behavior among Athletic Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Miyagi, Japan. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2017; 241:131-138. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.241.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Nursing, Tohoku Fukushi University
- Division of Oral Diagnosis, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Haruki Momma
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Takuya Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kaoru Kuroki
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tohoku Fukushi University
| | - Kenji Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Department of Nursing, Tohoku Fukushi University
- Department of Social Welfare, Tohoku Fukushi University
| | - Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering
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Kritsotakis G, Psarrou M, Vassilaki M, Androulaki Z, Philalithis AE. Gender differences in the prevalence and clustering of multiple health risk behaviours in young adults. J Adv Nurs 2016; 72:2098-113. [PMID: 27102085 DOI: 10.1111/jan.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate the sex-stratified prevalence and clustering of 14 behavioural and metabolic health risk factors in emerging adulthood. BACKGROUND The high prevalence and the clustering of risk factors multiply health consequences and increase the threat to the future health and quality of life of young adults. DESIGN Descriptive cross-sectional study. METHODS During November-December 2012, we assessed 14 lifestyle characteristics of 1058 1st year university students' that were classified as: healthy (score = 0), unhealthy (score = 1) and high-risk unhealthy (score = 2). We subsequently created a Multiple Health Risk Behaviours Index by summing the score of each behaviour adjusted to 0-100. RESULTS Only 0·3% of the students had one risk behaviour and 21·3% (male: 31·5%; female: 12·6%) had ≥10 of 14. Male students had higher risk index score. In adjusted regression analyses, female students had higher odds of reporting healthier behaviours in oral hygiene (tooth brushing), red meat and junk food consumption, binge drinking, cannabis/hashish/marijuana use and lower number of sexual partners and Body Mass Index. Male students reported higher physical activity. No statistically significant gender differences were noted for screen time/sedentary behaviours, condom use, smoking, sunburns, breakfast and fruit and vegetable consumption. CONCLUSION Although health-compromising behaviours are highly prevalent in both men and women, they are gender-related, with males engaging in more health risk behaviours than females. Preventive interventions may need to focus on gender-informed approaches when targeting multiple health risk behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kritsotakis
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Prevention and Management of Diseases, Nursing Department, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Psarrou
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Prevention and Management of Diseases, Nursing Department, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Vassilaki
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Zacharenia Androulaki
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Prevention and Management of Diseases, Nursing Department, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anastas E Philalithis
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Dumitrescu AL. Depression and Inflammatory Periodontal Disease Considerations-An Interdisciplinary Approach. Front Psychol 2016; 7:347. [PMID: 27047405 PMCID: PMC4804721 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Johansson G, Östberg AL. Oral health-related quality of life in Swedish young adults. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2015; 10:27125. [PMID: 26066517 PMCID: PMC4462826 DOI: 10.3402/qhw.v10.27125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The living conditions of young adults in Sweden have changed during the last decades due to the economic and employment situation in society. Although oral health is mainly considered to be good in this age group, their use of dental care has decreased and their priorities and opportunities regarding oral health are little known. The purpose of this study was to describe the views of Swedish young adults on their oral health and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The design of the study was qualitative, using content analysis. Sixteen young adults, aged 21-29 years, were interviewed. The findings from the interviews were summarized under the theme "Young adults reflected on their OHRQoL in a time perspective" consisting of three categories: "Past experiences, Present situation, and Future prospects." The OHRQoL of young adults is dependent not only on their own experiences of oral health during childhood and their received dental care but also on their present self-perceived oral health, oral health habits, and social life; together with their expectations of future oral health. The findings in this study indicate that the oral health awareness and needs of young adults, as well as their expectations of oral care, merit further follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunvi Johansson
- School of Social and Health Sciences, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.,Department of Behavioural and Community Dentistry, Institution of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Anna-Lena Östberg
- Department of Behavioural and Community Dentistry, Institution of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
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