1
|
Thibault V, Gallant F, Paiement K, Chiasson SW, Lemieux S, Nader PA, Bélanger M. A Canadian longitudinal study of the associations between weight control status and lifestyle behaviors during adolescence. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102498. [PMID: 38107420 PMCID: PMC10724827 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to estimate associations between weight control status (trying to lose, gain or maintain weight) and lifestyle behaviors (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), screen time, and the consumption of breakfast, fast food, fruits and vegetables, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)) in adolescents. Data from 919 adolescents in the MATCH study, in New Brunswick, Canada, who self-reported their weight control status at least once within 24 data collection cycles over 8 years (from 2011 to 2019) and from 812 who provided data at least once over the 7 cycles on eating behaviors were used. Generalized estimating equations were used. At the first cycle, mean age was 11.3 (SD = 1.2) years old and 56% were girls. Trying to gain (β = 0.47, CI = [0.15, 0.79]) and maintain weight (β = 0.35, CI = [0.12, 0.57]) were positively associated with MVPA. Trying to lose weight was negatively associated with breakfast (IRR = 0.90, CI = [0.85, 0.94]) and positively associated with screen time (β = 0.62, CI = [0.15, 1.10]), fruit and vegetable (IRR = 1.12, CI = [1.01, 1.25]) and SSB (IRR = 1.42, CI = [1.10, 1.84]). Changes from one weight control status to trying to lose weight were associated with increases in fast food consumption (β = 0.49, CI = [0.15, 0.84]). Weight control status was associated with healthy and unhealthy behaviors in adolescents. Trying to gain or maintain weight was generally associated with more favorable health-related behaviors. Education on healthy weight management behaviors is needed to improve adolescents' health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Thibault
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
- Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, New Brunswick E1A 7R1, Canada
| | - François Gallant
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
- Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, New Brunswick E1A 7R1, Canada
| | - Karine Paiement
- Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Stephanie Ward Chiasson
- Faculté des sciences de la santé et des services communautaires, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- École de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patrick Abi Nader
- Faculté des sciences de l’activité physique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bélanger
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
- Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, New Brunswick E1A 7R1, Canada
- Vitalité Health Network, Moncton, New Brunswick E1C 2Z3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jeong E. Factors associated with the adoption of extreme weight control behavior by non-obese adolescents: a secondary analysis. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:464. [PMID: 37710201 PMCID: PMC10500794 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04299-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Misperceptions about obesity is common among adolescents. Adolescents who overestimate their body size tend to indulge in extreme weight control behaviors. However, little is known about the factors involved in the adoption of extreme weight control behavior (EWCB) by non-obese adolescents who are mistaken for being overweight. This study identified factors associated with unhealthy behaviors among normal/underweight high school students who overestimate their body image and attempt to lose weight. DESIGN A secondary analysis of nationally representative data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey focused on adolescents who attended vocational and academically oriented high schools. METHODS The analysis included data from 4,286 non-obese respondents (15-18 years) who overestimated their body weight. Of them, 2,887 were girls (66.5%), while 1,399 were boys (33.5%). Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate risk factors for EWCB by sex. A statistical analysis reflecting strata, clusters, and weights of the complex sampling design was adopted. RESULTS Of the respondents, 674 (23.3%) girls and 162 (11.5%) boys reported EWCB. For both sexes, vocational high school attendance and depression were significantly influenced by EWCB. EWCB was linked to perceived stress in girls and living in a big city in boys. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest the importance of providing quality health education, including that for non-obese adolescents, in school obesity prevention programs along with the expansion of tailored intervention programs based on sex, following a consideration of the characteristics of high schools as well as individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunha Jeong
- Pungnap Middle School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lyu J, Wan Z, Liu Z, Zhou S, Feng X, Gao A, Lin Y, Zhang F, Wang H. Effect of a Multifaceted Intervention on Children's Body Image and the Mediating Role of Body Image in Changes in Adiposity Indicators. Nutrients 2023; 15:3951. [PMID: 37764735 PMCID: PMC10534561 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides genetic factors and energy-related behaviors, psycho-cultural factors are also important in obesity etiology. Previous studies have suggested that improving body image might be an effective method for managing body weight. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of a multifaceted intervention on the body image of children and explore whether body image played a mediating role in changes in adiposity indicators. This study was embedded in a cluster randomized controlled trial, involving 1287 children from 24 primary schools in three cities in China (Beijing, Changzhi and Urumqi). The 9-month multifaceted intervention on childhood obesity included five components (three targeted children and two targeted environments), and randomization was performed by an independent person who was blinded to the schools. Two indicators (body size perception and body size expectation) were chosen to characterize body image and were measured by Ma figural stimuli at baseline and the end of the trial. Changes in body image indicators were classified as conducive to weight loss or not. Other anthropometric measures and self-reported behaviors were also collected at both time points. Generalized linear mixed models were used in the analyses. Compared to the controls (n = 648), the proportion of body size perception conducive to weight loss increased in the intervention group (n = 639), with an odds ratio of 2.42 (95%CI: 1.70~3.45, p < 0.001). The proportion of body size expectation conducive to weight loss also increased more in the intervention group than in the controls (OR = 1.74, 95%CI: 1.14~2.66, p = 0.010). In children whose baseline nutritional status was "normal weight with higher BMI" or "overweight/obese", the improvements in body size perception and body size expectation partly mediated the association between the intervention and changes in BMI, BMI Z score, waist circumference and body fat percentage (p < 0.05). This multifaceted study effectively improved the body image of children, which, in turn, led to beneficial changes in adiposity indicators. For the first time, body size perception and body size expectation have been confirmed to be important factors associated with the beneficial effect of a childhood obesity intervention, suggesting that body image components should be generalized in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlang Lyu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 046000, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (S.Z.)
- Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Zhongshang Wan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 046000, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 046000, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 046000, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (S.Z.)
| | | | - Aiyu Gao
- Dongcheng Primary and Secondary School Health Care Center, Beijing 236499, China;
| | - Yi Lin
- Urumqi Primary and Secondary School Health Care Center, Urumqi 830003, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Mentougou Primary and Secondary School Health Care Center, Beijing 102300, China;
| | - Haijun Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 046000, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (S.Z.)
- Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Weifang 261000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu Z, Dong G, Wu W, Huang K, Zhou XY, Wang H, Wang M, Fu J. Relationships of weight perceptions with weight control related behaviors among Chinese children and adolescents: A school-based study in Zhejiang Province. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285205. [PMID: 37196032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Weight perceptions have been implicated in weight control related behaviors among children and adolescents, yet studies in mainland China are scarce. We examined the associations of self-perceived weight status and weight misperception with weight control related behaviors in Chinese middle and high school students. METHODS We used cross-sectional data from the 2017 Zhejiang Youth Risk Behavior Survey which that included 17,359 Chinese students, with 8,616 boys and 8,743 girls. Perceived weight status, as well as height, weight and weight control related behaviors information was collected via a self-reported questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated by multinomial logistic regression were used to assess the relationships between weight perceptions and weight control related behaviors. RESULTS Among the 17,359 students aged 9 to 18 years, the mean (SD) age was 15.72 (1.64) years. Overall, 34.19% of children and adolescents perceived themselves as overweight and the prevalence of weight misperception was 45.44%, with 35.54% overestimation and 9.90% underestimation. Children and adolescents perceiving themselves as overweight were more likely to have weight control behaviors, with OR was 2.60 (95% CI: 2.39-2.83) for weight control attempt, 2.48 (2.28-2.70) for exercising, 2.85 (2.60-3.11) for dieting, 2.01 (1.51-2.68) for taking laxatives, 2.09 (1.67-2.02) for taking diet pills, and 2.39 (1.94-2.94) for fasting, respectively, compared to those with right weight status. Among children and adolescents with overestimating weight status, the OR was 2.40 (2.22-2.59), 2.50 (2.31-2.70), 2.85 (2.61-3.11), 1.81 (1.39-2.37), 2.20 (1.77-2.74), and 2.16 (1.77-2.63) for weight control attempt, exercising, dieting, taking laxatives, taking diet pills, and fasting, relative to those with accurate weight perception. CONCLUSIONS Self-perceived overweight and weight misperception are prevalent in Chinese children and adolescents, and positively associated with weight control related behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guanping Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfen Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Medeiros SSDE, Enes CC, Nucci LB. Association of Weight Perception, Body Satisfaction, and Weight Loss Intention With Patterns of Health Risk Behaviors in Adolescents With Overweight and Obesity. Behav Med 2022:1-10. [PMID: 35465848 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2022.2057407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a public health issue and childhood is a critical window in which to establish healthy eating patterns and modify risk factors for overweight. This study aims to verify the association of weight perception, body satisfaction, and weight loss intention with patterns of health risk behaviors in adolescents with overweight and obesity. We analyzed health risk behavior from a school-based national survey conducted in 2015 in Brazil (n = 2,703 students with overweight or obesity, aged 13-17 years). We performed latent class analysis of alcohol consumption, tobacco use, physical activity, screen time, and eating habits for adolescents with overweight and identified four distinct health behavior patterns. The association of these patterns with weight perception, body satisfaction, and weight loss intention was analyzed through multinomial logistic regression. Adolescents who perceived themselves as "fat" or "very fat" were more likely to have a sedentary lifestyle and low consumption of fruit and vegetables. Body satisfaction was a protective factor against sedentary lifestyle. Students who reported weight loss intention were less likely to be in high-health-risk behavior groups (low consumption of fruit and vegetables; sedentary lifestyle; tobacco and alcohol use). Self-perception as overweight had detrimental associations, while body satisfaction was a protective factor for a healthy lifestyle. Weight loss intention still requires rigorous analysis due to inconsistencies in the literature. The complexity of the relationship between body image and obesity needs to be highlighted. Multicomponent strategies are required to control the global obesity pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha S D E Medeiros
- School of Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla C Enes
- Health Sciences Post Graduate Program, Center for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana B Nucci
- Health Sciences Post Graduate Program, Center for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Assessment of Actual Weight, Perceived Weight and Desired Weight of Romanian School Children-Opinions and Practices of Children and Their Parents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063502. [PMID: 35329188 PMCID: PMC8950891 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Children and parental awareness regarding weight is linked to the development and management of overweight and obesity. The aim of this study is to assess the actual weight, perceived weight, and desired weight of Romanian school children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 in seven schools from two counties of Romania and included 880 pupils aged between 10 and 15 years old and 665 parents. We administrated confidential questionnaires to the participants, and we measured children’s weight and height during school activities. Results: A total of 61.0% of pupils had normal weight, 7.4% were underweight, and 31.6% were overweight or obese. A total of 66.7% of normal weight children, 56.5% of overweight children, and 40% of underweight children perceived their weight accurately. Regarding parents, a majority correctly appreciated the weight of their normal weight children and only a third appreciated correctly the body weight of their underweight and overweight children. Factors such as body mass index, gender, weight related behaviors, parents’ estimation about their children’s weight, discussions of weight topics inside family, and bullying, cyberbullying and exclusion from groups were associated with misperceptions. Conclusion: The study provides useful information for health education activities targeting both children and their parents regarding appropriate body weight management of children.
Collapse
|
7
|
Seth N, Seal A, Ruchin P, McGirr J. The Accuracy of Self-Perception of Obesity in a Rural Australian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319221115256. [PMID: 35997321 PMCID: PMC9421221 DOI: 10.1177/21501319221115256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is a major public health concern. Accurate perception of body weight
may be critical to the successful adoption of weight loss behavior. The aim
of this study was to determine the accuracy of self-perception of BMI
class. Methods: Patients admitted to the acute medical service in one regional hospital
completed a questionnaire and classified their weight as: “underweight,”
“normal,” “overweight,” or “obese.” Reponses were compared to clinically
measured BMIs, based on the WHO Classification. Patients were also
questioned about health-related behavior. Data were analyzed via Pearson’s
Chi-squared test. Results: Almost 70% of the participating patient population (n = 90) incorrectly
perceived their weight category, with 62% underestimating their weight. Only
34% of patients who were overweight and 14% of patients with obesity
correctly identified their weight status. Two-thirds of patients who were
overweight and one-fifth of patients with obesity considered themselves to
be “normal” or “underweight.” Patients with obesity were 6.5-fold more
likely to misperceive their weight status. Amongst patients with
overweight/obesity, those who misperceived their weight were significantly
less likely to have plans to lose weight. Almost 60% had not made any recent
health behavior changes. This is one of the first regional Australian
studies demonstrating that hospitalized patients significantly misperceive
their weight. Conclusion: Patients with overweight/obesity had significantly higher rates of weight
misperception and the majority had no intention to lose weight or to
undertake any health behavior modification. Given the association between
weight perception and weight reduction behavior, it introduces barriers to
addressing weight loss and reducing the increasing prevalence of obesity in
rural Australia. It highlights that doctors have an important role in
addressing weight misperception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nimish Seth
- Surgical Resident, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexa Seal
- School of Medicine Sydney, Rural Clinical School, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Ruchin
- School of Medicine Sydney, Rural Clinical School, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.,The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Calvary Hospital Riverina, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.,Mater Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Wagga Wagga Base Hospital, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Joe McGirr
- School of Medicine Sydney, Rural Clinical School, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.,State Member of Parliament, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dietary Patterns, Weight Perception and Obesity Status, among 10-12-Year-Old Children; an Epidemiological Study in Greece. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8080626. [PMID: 34438517 PMCID: PMC8393401 DOI: 10.3390/children8080626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adherence to certain dietary patterns influences obesity status in both children and adults. Weight perception influences dietary habits. The aim of this study was to examine children’s dietary habits and obesity status, in relation to weight perception. One thousand seven hundred Greek students enrolled in this study during 2014–2016. Children’s characteristics were assessed through validated questionnaires, and weight status was classified according to the criteria of the International Obesity Task Force. Dietary patterns were assessed through exploratory factor analysis. Overall, 52.2% of children characterized themselves as normal weight, 34.5% as low weight, and 13.3% as overweight/obese; 52.5% of children were in accordance with their actual weight status, with girls being more likely to overestimate their weight. Children followed three dietary patterns, i.e., starchy and protein foods, unhealthy/high-fat foods, and healthy foods. Children who followed the healthy dietary pattern and had accurate weight perception (in accordance with their actual weight), had lower odds of being overweight/obese (p < 0.001). Accurate weight perception in conjunction with healthy dietary habits may play a determinant role in the prevention of obesity. From a public health perspective, early identification of children’s weight misperception along with healthy dietary habit promotion shape a crucial role in childhood obesity confrontation.
Collapse
|
9
|
Niswah I, Rah JH, Roshita A. The Association of Body Image Perception With Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors Among Adolescents in Indonesia. Food Nutr Bull 2021; 42:S109-S121. [PMID: 34282652 DOI: 10.1177/0379572120977452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence highlights the linkage between body image, eating, and exercise behaviors among adolescents. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the association between body image perception, nutritional status, and dietary and physical activity behaviors among adolescents in Indonesia. METHODS A cross-sectional household survey was conducted among a representative sample (n = 2160) of adolescent girls and boys aged 12 to 18 years in Klaten and Lombok Barat districts. The association between adolescents' body image, their diets, and physical activity patterns was determined using complex samples Cox's regression analysis. Separate multivariate models were developed for adolescent girls and boys. RESULTS Physical appearance was considered important to nearly all adolescents. Approximately 11% of girls and 14% of boys were overweight or obese, the majority of whom (∼70%) correctly perceived themselves as overweight or obese. More of overweight or obese adolescents felt unhappy about their perceived weight than their thin counterparts. With respect to the overweight/obese girls, the adolescents' perceptions of being overweight or obese was associated with a 63% reduction in the prevalence of overweight/obese girls consuming fatty snacks, such as deep-fried crackers (adjusted prevalence ratio (PR): 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.19-0.71) and a 40% reduction in the prevalence of overweight/obese girls engaging in moderate-intensity physical activity (adjusted PR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.38-0.94), after adjusting for potential confounders. No association between body image and eating and physical activity behaviors was observed among adolescent boys. CONCLUSIONS Body image may be one of the most important determinants of dietary and physical activity behaviors, and thus future efforts to foster healthy eating and physical activity behaviors among Indonesian adolescents need to address body image concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilyatun Niswah
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, 4508Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Simon SL, Ferris KA, Durkin K, Riekert K, Duncan C. Accuracy of Body Size Estimation in Youth with Cystic Fibrosis and Association with Health-Related Quality of Life. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2021; 27:459-466. [PMID: 31728881 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-019-09677-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Accuracy of body size estimation may impact motivation to adhere to treatment recommendations and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in youth with cystic fibrosis (CF), but this has not yet been investigated. Thus, the goal of the current study was to examine accuracy of body size estimation in youth with CF, and associations with HRQOL, lung functioning, and dietary intake. Fifty-four youth diagnosed with CF (M = 13.61 years) completed the Figure Rating Scale, the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised, and a 24-h diet recall interview. Cohen's Weighted Kappa Coefficient evaluated agreement between body size estimation and BMI percentile. Binary logistic regression analyses examined associations between body size accuracy and HRQOL, lung functioning, and dietary intake. A less than adequate agreement was found between youth body size estimation and BMI percentile. Most participants overestimated body size (69.8%). Body Image HRQOL, but neither lung functioning nor dietary intake, was significantly associated with body size estimation accuracy. Working with patients to improve perceptions of body size may also improve HRQOL scores and allow for discussion about treatment goals related to body size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey L Simon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, and Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 East 16th Avenue Box B395, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Kaitlyn A Ferris
- Outlier Research & Evaluation, UChicago STEM Education, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Kristine Durkin
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kristin Riekert
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christina Duncan
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mbogori T, Arthur TM. Perception of Body Weight Status Is Associated With the Health and Food Intake Behaviors of Adolescents in the United States. Am J Lifestyle Med 2021; 15:347-355. [PMID: 34025327 PMCID: PMC8120624 DOI: 10.1177/1559827619834507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the associations among body weight status perception, health status, diet quality, and consumption of fruits and vegetables within the adolescent population in the United States. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1737 adolescents (12-17 years) participating in the Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating study, an internet-based survey study sponsored by the National Cancer Institute. Adolescents reported their perception of their weight status, diet quality, health status, and the frequency with which they consumed common fruits and vegetables in a week. Results showed that 62% of the adolescents reported perceiving their weight as "just right," and 10.9%, 22.4%, and 4.7% perceived their weight to be "underweight," "a little overweight," and "very overweight," respectively. Those who perceived their weight status as "just right" also reported their health to be "very good" or "excellent" and that their diet was good. Similarly, adolescents who perceived their weight to be just right consumed significantly more fruits and vegetables than those who perceived their weight as "underweight" or "overweight." Results of this study have important implications for future research on weight and health status, diet quality, and healthy eating behaviors among adolescents.
Collapse
|
12
|
Park SH, Park H, Faith M. Body Weight Perception and Health-Related Behaviors Among U.S. Adolescents: Mediating Effects of Body Weight Control Behaviors. J Sch Nurs 2021; 38:397-409. [PMID: 33759617 DOI: 10.1177/10598405211003800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined mediating effects of body weight control behaviors in the relationship between body weight perception and health-related behaviors among 11,458 U.S. adolescents from the 2010 National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey. Parallel multiple mediation analysis was performed for the secondary data analysis. Nearly one third of adolescents (32.5%) had overweight or obesity; one quarter (25.0%) perceived themselves as slightly overweight and 5.1% thought they were very overweight. More girls (58.6%) had tried to lose weight than boys (32.3%), while boys were more physically active than girls. Healthy and unhealthy weight control behaviors significantly mediated the relationship between adolescents' body weight perception and health-related behaviors (physical activity and screen time). Teachers and parents should help adolescents have accurate weight perception and utilize reliable and healthy weight control strategies. Future studies should consider the intercorrelated relationships among adolescents' perceptions and behaviors regarding weight to provide successful weight control intervention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Hyun Park
- College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Hanjong Park
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myles Faith
- Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University at Buffalo-The State University of New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Albawardi NM, AlTamimi AA, AlMarzooqi MA, Alrasheed L, Al-Hazzaa HM. Associations of Body Dissatisfaction With Lifestyle Behaviors and Socio-Demographic Factors Among Saudi Females Attending Fitness Centers. Front Psychol 2021; 12:611472. [PMID: 33643138 PMCID: PMC7904690 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.611472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine body image perception and the associations of body dissatisfaction (BD) with socio-demographic and lifestyle factors among Saudi women attending fitness centers in Riyadh. METHODS Saudi females aged 16 years and older were recruited from 12 randomly selected fitness centers in Riyadh, using stratified clustered sampling technique (n = 460). Height and weight were measured to calculate actual body mass index (BMI). A previously validated instrument was used to collect socio-demographic and lifestyle variables including physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors, sleep and dietary habits. Stunkard Figure Rating Scale silhouettes were used to assess perceived and desired body shape. RESULTS The participants had a mean (SD) age of 29.2 (8.2). The majority were not married (57%), with no children (66%) and had college degrees (78%). While 63% were overweight or obese, nearly 40% of women underestimated their perceived body shape. The majority of respondents (87%) were dissatisfied with their body shape including 68% of normal weight women. Females who had BD were significantly older, had higher BMI, reported more weight loss attempt and had expended less time in vigorous (p = 0.033) and total (p = 0.042) PA than those who were satisfied with their body shape. However, when adjusting for socio-demographic variables, logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations of BD with higher BMI, shorter membership duration of fitness club, and reduced dairy products and energy drinks consumption. CONCLUSION Except for BMI and decreased dairy products and energy drinks consumption, many lifestyle behaviors did not associate with BD among Saudi females attending fitness centers. The findings can inform healthcare providers when intervention strategy is implicated for females with BD. Future studies should compare the associations of BD with lifestyle behaviors between males and females attending fitness centers and seeking weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nada M. Albawardi
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A. AlTamimi
- Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mezna A. AlMarzooqi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama Alrasheed
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mantey DS, Yockey A, Barroso CS. Role of Sex on the Relationship Between Sexual Minority Status and Misperceptions of Body Weight Among High School Students. J Adolesc Health 2021; 68:342-349. [PMID: 32684436 PMCID: PMC8122588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Misperception of body weight during adolescence is a risk factor for negative self-image, harmful eating/dietary habits (e.g., binge eating and purging), and body dysmorphia. Sexual minority youth, particularly males, may be at increased risk for misperceptions of body weight, relative to youth who do not identify as a sexual minority. This study examines the risk for misperception of body weight among sexual minority youth and explores biological sex as an effect modifier in this relationship. METHODS We pooled data from the 2015 and 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Surveys. Participants were 18,634 high school students who were not overweight/obese. Multivariable logistic regression examined the association between sexual minority status (i.e., gay, lesbian, bisexual, and unsure) and misperceptions of body weight (i.e., self-perceived as overweight/severely overweight). Weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses, stratified by biological sex, were used to compare this relationship across males and females. Covariates included race/ethnicity, grade, bullying victimization, television/electronic screen time, and tobacco use. RESULTS Overall, 16.6% of the sample self-reported misperceptions of body weight. Sexual minority youth had 1.49 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28-1.73) greater odds of misperception of body weight, adjusting for covariates; this relationship was found across biological sex, but that the main effect was significantly greater among sexual minority males (adjusted odds ratio: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.65-3.03) relative to sexual minority females (adjusted odds ratio: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.11-1.59). CONCLUSIONS Sexual minority youth had greater odds of overestimating their weight status. Biological sex appears to modify this relationship with sexual minority males being at particularly high risk for overestimating their weight status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dale S. Mantey
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Tennessee School of Public Health, Austin, Texas
| | - Andrew Yockey
- Health Promotion and Education, School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Cristina S. Barroso
- Department of Public Health, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee,Address correspondence to: Cristina S. Barroso, Dr.P.H., Department of Public Health, University of Tennesse, 1914 Andy Holt Ave, Suite 390, Knoxville, TN 37996. (C.S. Barroso)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kim JS, Seo Y. Associations Between Weight Perception, Unhealthy Weight Control Behavior, and Suicidal Ideation and Planning Among Korean Adolescents: A National Cross-Sectional Secondary Analysis. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 56:e62-e69. [PMID: 32798004 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the associations between weight perception, unhealthy weight control behavior, and suicidal ideation and planning and identify the role of unhealthy weight control behavior as a mediator in these associations among Korean adolescents. DESIGN AND METHODS This national cross-sectional secondary study used data from the 2015-2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Surveys, with a final sample of 96,285 adolescents who tried to manage their weight in the 30 days prior to the surveys. A multivariate logistic regression was conducted. RESULTS Both adolescent groups who perceived themselves to be underweight or overweight were significantly linked to a greater likelihood of suicidal ideation and planning (COR, 95% CI = 1.249, 1.141-1.367; COR, 95% CI = 1.339, 1.282-1.399) respectively. While adolescents with perceptions of being underweight are associated with suicidal ideation and planning through the suppression effect of unhealthy weight control behavior (Pathway A: OR, 95% CI = 0.628, 0.587-0.671), adolescents with perceptions of being overweight are linked with the same through the mediation effect (Pathway A: OR, 95% CI = 1.195, 1.141-1.251). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with perceptions of being overweight are highly likely to have unhealthy weight control behavior that can be linked to the possibility of suicidal ideation and planning, while adolescents with perceptions of being underweight are comparatively less likely to engage in such behavior. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS It is necessary to identify the status of weight perception among adolescents and closely monitor the unhealthy weight control behavior to prevent suicidal ideation and planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Su Kim
- Associate professor, Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeji Seo
- Doctoral student, Department of Nursing, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Raffoul A, Goodman S, Hammond D, Kirkpatrick SI. Weight Management Efforts, But Not Weight Perceptions, Are Associated with Dietary Quality among Youth and Young Adults in Canada. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 121:942-951. [PMID: 33250354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efforts to lose, gain, or maintain weight are prevalent among youth and young adults, but little is known about the relationship between weight management efforts and dietary quality. Attempts to manage weight are typically driven by weight perceptions, which may also uniquely affect overall diet. OBJECTIVE The objective was to explore sex-stratified associations between weight management efforts and perceptions with dietary quality among youth and young adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional online survey data were drawn from Wave 1 (2016) of the Canada Food Study. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Youth and young adults (n = 3,000), aged 16 to 30 years, were recruited from community settings in five Canadian cities and completed the online survey. The analytic sample consisted of 2,040 participants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) was used to characterize dietary quality among participants who completed a 24-hour recall. Respondents reported their weight change efforts over the past year and their weight perception. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Sex-stratified multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate relationships between each of weight management efforts and perceptions, separately, and dietary quality, controlling for known covariates. RESULTS The HEI-2015 mean score was 52 of 100 possible points. Nearly one quarter of male and female respondents reported not trying to do anything about their weight, whereas 16% reported trying to maintain, 28% and 5% trying to gain, and 33% and 55% trying to lose weight, respectively. Most respondents (63% of males and 66% of females) perceived their weight as just about right. Among males, trying to gain or maintain weight were each significantly associated with higher HEI-2015 mean scores compared with not trying to manage weight (P < .01 and <.001, respectively), whereas this relationship existed only for weight maintenance among female respondents (P < .01). Weight perceptions and HEI-2015 mean scores were not significantly related. CONCLUSIONS Efforts to manage weight, which are commonplace among youth and young adults, are associated with dietary quality. Future behavioral research may provide insights into strategies used by youth to manage weight, guiding interventions that recognize links among weight-related behaviors, dietary quality, and other determinants of health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Raffoul
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
| | - Samantha Goodman
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - David Hammond
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lucibello KM, Sabiston CM, O'Loughlin EK, O'Loughlin JL. Mediating role of body-related shame and guilt in the relationship between weight perceptions and lifestyle behaviours. Obes Sci Pract 2020; 6:365-372. [PMID: 32874671 PMCID: PMC7448164 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A substantial proportion of individuals with overweight or obesity perceive themselves as 'too heavy' relative to 'about right'. Perceiving one's weight as 'too heavy' is associated with lower levels of physical activity and higher levels of sedentary behaviour. However, the mechanisms underpinning the associations between weight perception and lifestyle behaviours have not been identified. Based on theoretical tenets and empirical evidence, the self-conscious emotions of shame and guilt may mediate these associations. METHODS Participants were young adults (n = 618, Mage = 24.0 ± .6 years) who provided data on weight, weight perception, body-related shame and guilt, physical activity and screen time. RESULTS Mediation analyses using the PROCESS macro indicated that shame and guilt significantly mediated the relationships between weight perception and physical activity and shame significantly mediated the relationship between weight perception and screen time. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide preliminary evidence that self-conscious emotions may be mechanisms by which weight perception influences physical activity and sedentary behaviour in young adults. However, longitudinal investigations of this mechanism are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. M. Lucibello
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical EducationUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - C. M. Sabiston
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical EducationUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - E. K. O'Loughlin
- Carrefour de l'innovation et de l'évaluation en santéUniversity of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM)MontréalQuébecCanada
- INDI DepartmentConcordia UniversityMontréalQuébecCanada
| | - J. L. O'Loughlin
- Carrefour de l'innovation et de l'évaluation en santéUniversity of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM)MontréalQuébecCanada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dzielska A, Kelly C, Ojala K, Finne E, Spinelli A, Furstova J, Fismen AS, Ercan O, Tesler R, Melkumova M, Canale N, Nardone P, Gudelj Rakic J, Dalmasso P. Weight Reduction Behaviors Among European Adolescents-Changes From 2001/2002 to 2017/2018. J Adolesc Health 2020; 66:S70-S80. [PMID: 32446612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in the prevalence of weight reduction behaviors (WRBs) among European adolescents from 26 countries between 2001/2002 and 2017/2018. The impact of the perception of body weight on WLB was also analyzed, with particular attention being paid to overestimation. METHODS The data of 639,194 European adolescents aged 11, 13, and 15 years who participated in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey were analyzed. Age-standardized prevalence rates of WRB were estimated separately by survey round and gender for each country, using the overall 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study population as the standard. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess WRB trends over time, adjusted for survey year, body mass index, body weight misperception, and family affluence and stratified by gender and age. RESULTS In the 26 countries examined, the overall age-adjusted prevalence rates of WRB were 10.2% among boys and 18.0% among girls. The prevalence of WRB was higher for girls, but in the more recent surveys, gender differences in WRB decreased. There was a significant increase in the percentage of WRB among boys in most countries. Among girls, most countries did not experience significant changes. Increases in body mass index and overestimation of body weight were significant factors increasing the risk of WRB in both genders. CONCLUSIONS The change in the prevalence of WRB by gender warrants greater attention from researchers and practitioners alike.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dzielska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Colette Kelly
- Health Promotion Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kristiina Ojala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Emily Finne
- School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Angela Spinelli
- National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Jana Furstova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Anne-Siri Fismen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Oya Ercan
- Faculty of Medicine, Divisions of Pediatric Endocrinology and Adolescent, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Riki Tesler
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Department of Health Systems Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Marina Melkumova
- "Arabkir" Medical Centre-Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Natale Canale
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Nardone
- National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Jelena Gudelj Rakic
- Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr Milan Jovanović Batut", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Paola Dalmasso
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Aloufi AD, Najman JM, Al Mamun A. Predictors of Persistent Body Weight Misclassification from Adolescence Period to Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2020; 9:116-124. [PMID: 31241869 PMCID: PMC7310748 DOI: 10.2991/jegh.k.190518.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether body weight misclassification continues from adolescence to adulthood and the associated predictors behind that misclassification. Data are from a sample of a longitudinal Australian birth-cohort study. Data analyses were restricted to 2938 participants whose measured and perceived body weights were recorded during their adolescence and adulthood follow-ups. To identify misclassification, we objectively compared their measured and perceived body weights at each follow-up. Potential predictors during early life or adolescence periods were included in data analyses. At each follow-up, underestimation was recorded more often among overweight and obese participants, whereas overestimation was mostly recorded among underweight ones. Over 40% males and females were able to correctly estimate their body weight at one follow-up, whereas almost 30% males and 40% females were able to do so in more than one follow-ups. One-third females and 45% males underestimated their body weight at one follow-up, whereas 13% females and a quarter of males were able to do so in more than one follow-ups. Being female, dieting, being overweight, having an overweight mother, and having poor mental health were the most significant predictors for more than one follow-up misclassifications. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of persistent misclassification on population health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Dakhel Aloufi
- Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Jake Moses Najman
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Australia.,School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Australia.,Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Patte KA, Qian W, Leatherdale ST. Predictors of One-Year Change in How Youth Perceive Their Weight. J Obes 2020; 2020:7396948. [PMID: 32566275 PMCID: PMC7273478 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7396948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overall, perceptions of being at "about the right weight" appear advantageous for youth physical and mental health, regardless of BMI classification, whereas perceptions at either extreme (overweight or underweight) may negatively impact health behaviours and mental health. Instead of considering weight misperceptions as problematic, some researchers have proposed that underestimations of weight status may offer resiliency among individuals with overweight or obesity. Promoting "about right" WPs and preventing change to overweight or underweight perceptions may offer an effective public health strategy for supporting youth health over time. However, limited prospective evidence exists on factors that shape perceptions of weight status over time. The current study examined modifiable predictors of one-year change in weight perception among youths. We used 2-year linked data of 18,112 grade 9-12 students from Year 3 (Y3:2014-2015) and Year 4 (Y4:2015-2016) of the COMPASS study. Generalized Estimating Equation models tested screen use, physical activity, and bullying victimization as predictors of change from perceptions of "about the right weight" to "overweight" or "underweight" perceptions, adjusting for Y3 covariates (body mass index, ethnicity, and grade) and school cluster. Results support the value of team sports among females and resistance exercise among males as protective against changes to overweight or underweight perceptions over one year. Also, various forms of bullying victimization predicted overweight perceptions in males and females. Watching TV/movies or messaging/texting for over 2 hours/day was associated with overweight and underweight perceptions, respectively, in females only. Playing video/computer games for over 2 hours/day was associated with overweight perceptions in males and underweight perceptions in females. Findings support the potential of bullying prevention, limiting certain screen use, and supporting engagement in team sports for females and resistance exercise for males as strategies to maintain perceptions of being at "about the right weight."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen A. Patte
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2N 3A1, Canada
| | - Wei Qian
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Scott T. Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lang B, Ahlich E, Verzijl CL, Thompson JK, Rancourt D. The role of drive for thinness in the association between weight status misperception and disordered eating. Eat Behav 2019; 35:101319. [PMID: 31446165 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Weight status misperception is related to disordered eating outcomes, but little research has explored the differential impacts of misperception directionality, nor factors that explain these relationships. Self-Discrepancy Theory applied to body image gives a framework to how weight status over-perception may prompt a drive for thinness, which in turn may be important in the development of disordered eating cognitions and behaviors. AIMS To that end, the current study tested whether drive for thinness may account for the association between direction of weight status misperception and disordered eating behaviors. METHODS Young adults (N = 522) completed measures identifying weight status perception (accurate, under-, and over-perception), drive for thinness, and disordered eating attitudes and behaviors (appearance satisfaction, restrained, uncontrolled, and emotional eating). Indirect effect models with drive for thinness entered as the intervening variable were estimated for each outcome. RESULTS Drive for thinness accounted for the associations between weight status misperception and all outcomes. In general, compared to either accurate or under-perception, over-perception of weight status was associated with more disordered eating attitudes and behaviors via higher drive for thinness. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with Self-Discrepancy Theory, drive for thinness emerged as a possible mechanism of the association between weight status misperception and disordered eating outcomes. Findings suggest potential utility in targeting drive for thinness, as opposed to accuracy of weight status perception, for prevention of disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, including those that may contribute to weight gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Lang
- University of South Florida, United States of America.
| | - Erica Ahlich
- University of South Florida, United States of America
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Burns RD. Energy balance-related factors associating with adolescent weight loss intent: evidence from the 2017 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1206. [PMID: 31477084 PMCID: PMC6721180 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7565-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to examine specific energy balance-related behaviors (sedentary behaviors, physical activity, and dietary) associating with adolescent weight loss intent using data from the 2017 US Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). METHODS This was a cross-sectional study that employed a multi-stage cluster sampling procedure to obtain a representative sample of US adolescents. The target population consisted of public and private high schoolers from grades 9 through 12. The number of sampled adolescents was 18,324 with 14,765 of the 18,324 sampled students (Mean age = 15.9 (1.3) years) submitting questionnaires with usable data (81% response rate). The outcome was intent to lose weight with specific energy-balance related behaviors examined as predictor variables. A weighted logistic regression model was employed to examine the associations between sedentary behaviors, physical activity, and dietary-related variables with weight loss intent controlling for age, sex, BMI percentile, and race/ethnicity. RESULTS Variables associating with adolescent intent to lose weight included 3 or more hours of video game playing (OR = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.01-1.31, p = 0.028), achieving 60 min of physical activity daily (OR = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.59-0.73, p < 0.001), daily breakfast consumption (OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.67-0.87, p < 0.001) and weekly salad consumption (OR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.12-1.52, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Meeting physical activity guidelines and regular breakfast consumption associated with lower odds of weight loss intent and video game playing and salad consumption associated with higher odds of weight loss intent in a representative sample of US adolescents. Therefore, there is a discordance between adolescent weight loss intent and the engagement in specific energy balance-related health behaviors, particularly physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Burns
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Recreation, University of Utah, 1850 East 250 South Room 251, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dey R, Clark BR, Ackermann N, Racette SB. Weight status perception and weight loss intention among urban youth. Obes Res Clin Pract 2019; 13:391-394. [PMID: 31109794 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM We explored associations of weight perception with measured weight status and weight loss intention among urban youth. METHODS This community surveillance project included 317 youth (10-19 years, 64% black) who answered YRBSS questions and underwent measurements of height and weight. RESULTS Weight misperception was observed among 47% of participants; 41% underestimated and 6% overestimated their weight status. Among youth with overweight and obesity, however, 72% misperceived their weight status; those with accurate perception were more likely to report trying to lose weight. CONCLUSION Addressing weight status misperceptions may be essential when advocating lifestyle behavior change to promote healthful body weight among youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Dey
- Applied Health Behavior Research, USA.
| | - B Ruth Clark
- Program in Physical Therapy, USA; Department of Neurology, USA.
| | | | - Susan B Racette
- Program in Physical Therapy, USA; Department of Medicine, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors toward Eating Disorders among Adolescents in Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16081448. [PMID: 31022867 PMCID: PMC6518148 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16081448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this survey were to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward eating disorders among adolescents in Italy. The survey was undertaken between May and June 2017 among a random sample of 420 adolescents aged 14-20 years. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Only 22.8% correctly knew both the definition of anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Female, overweight or obese individuals, and who had at least one parent with a college degree or higher level of education were more likely to have this knowledge. More than one third (38.8%) had a fear of getting fat. Female, overweight or obese individuals, who did not know the definition of anorexia and bulimia nervosa, who avoided eating when they were hungry, and who always and usually were engaged in dieting behavior were more likely to have a fear of getting fat. Only 10.1% and 11.9% always and usually were engaged in dieting behavior, and 40.8% never did so. Respondents who usually/always had a strong desire to be thinner and who had a fear of getting fat were more likely to be engaged in dieting behavior. There is an urgent need to inform Italian adolescents about eating disorders, and healthcare workers may play a crucial role in distributing eating disorder-related knowledge.
Collapse
|
25
|
Jankauskiene R, Baceviciene M, Pajaujiene S, Badau D. Are Adolescent Body Image Concerns Associated with Health-Compromising Physical Activity Behaviours? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E1225. [PMID: 30959823 PMCID: PMC6480370 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16071225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the-prevalence of health-compromising eating and physical activity behaviours, and to test their associations with physical activity, internalisation of sociocultural attitudes towards appearance, and body image in a sample of adolescents of both genders. A total sample of 736 adolescents (437 or 59.4% were girls) participated in the study. The participants ranged in age from 16 to 19 years (x = 17.2, SD = 0.6). The sample completed a questionnaire measuring body mass index, the risk of eating disorders, body image, internalisation of sociocultural ideals of appearance, health-compromising eating behaviours (HCEB), and health-compromising weight control related to physical activity behaviours (HCPAB). Logistic regressions were used to assess the associations between the study variables and predictors of HCEB and HCPAB. The results of the study showed a relatively high prevalence of HCEB with a significantly higher prevalence in girls and participants with a higher BMI. The study also demonstrated that the prevalence of adolescent HCPAB was higher than HCEB. The internalisation of sociocultural attitudes towards appearance and body image concerns were higher in the HCEB and HCPAB groups. Female gender (OR = 1.88; 95% PI = 1.10⁻3.18), HCPAB (OR = 1.19; 95% PI = 1.10⁻1.28), a preoccupation with being overweight (OR = 3.43; 95% PI = 2.52⁻4.66), and body weight evaluation as too high (OR = 2.40; 95% PI = 1.57⁻3.68) were significant predictors of HCEB. More frequent physical activity (OR = 3.02; 95% PI = 1.76⁻5.17), HCEB (OR = 1.22; 95% PI = 1.11⁻1.32), and perceived pressures to conform to popular beauty ideals (OR = 1.51; 95% PI = 1.12⁻2.03) predicted higher HCPAB. HCPAB is an important variable associated with adolescents' body image, physical activity, and weight control. The results of the present study are important for health promotion and education programs addressing adolescents' healthy lifestyle, weight control, and body image concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Jankauskiene
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovation, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Migle Baceviciene
- Department of Health, Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Simona Pajaujiene
- Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Dana Badau
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Deierlein AL, Malkan A, Litvak J, Parekh N. Weight Perception, Weight Control Intentions, and Dietary Intakes among Adolescents Ages 10⁻15 Years in the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16060990. [PMID: 30893884 PMCID: PMC6466419 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16060990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: To examine associations of adolescents’ weight status perception and weight control intentions with dietary intakes. Methods: Cross-sectional data from adolescents aged 10–15 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2005–2014 (n = 4940). Adolescents responded to questions regarding weight perception and if they were trying to change their weight. Intakes of calories, protein, carbohydrate, fat, saturated fat, sugar, and fiber were assessed using 24-h dietary recalls. Multivariable linear regression estimated associations of intakes with weight perception and weight control intentions. Results: The majority of adolescents perceived their weight as “about right”; however, 45% and 46% of boys and girls, respectively, reported trying to change their weight. Weight perception was not associated with intakes, with the exception of lower sugar (−13.65 g, 95% CI: −23.06, −4.23) and higher percent calories from protein (1.01%, 95% CI: 0.16, 1.87) in boys with overweight/obesity who perceived themselves as overweight, as well as lower percent calories from saturated fat (−1.04%, 95% CI: −2.24, −0.17) among girls with normal weight who perceived themselves as overweight. Weight control intentions were associated with intakes in boys only. Compared to boys who never tried to lose weight, boys who tried to lose weight consumed fewer calories (−188.34 kcal, 95% CI: −357.67, −19.01), a lower percent of calories from fat (−1.41%, 95% CI: −2.80, −0.02), and a greater percent of calories from protein (1.48%, 95% CI: 0.41, 2.55). Conclusions: Despite perceiving weight as “about right”, many adolescents reported trying to change their weight, which was associated with some dietary intakes. Efforts may be necessary to educate adolescents on healthy nutrition and weight management behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Deierlein
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
| | - Alomi Malkan
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
| | - Jaqueline Litvak
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
| | - Niyati Parekh
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jankauskiene R, Baceviciene M. Body Image Concerns and Body Weight Overestimation Do Not Promote Healthy Behaviour: Evidence from Adolescents in Lithuania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16050864. [PMID: 30857295 PMCID: PMC6427769 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the associations between body image concerns, body weight evaluation, disordered eating, nutrition habits, self-esteem, and physical activity (PA) in a mixed sample of adolescents of both genders. Methods. A total sample of 579 adolescents (299, 51.6% were girls) participated in this study. The participants ranged in age from 14–16 years old (M = 15.0, SD = 0.4). Respondents provided their answers filling in the questionnaires consisting of a battery of self-report questionnaires. An analysis of covariance was employed to test the hypothesis about the differences in body image concerns in the groups of BMI and body weight estimation controlling for gender. Results. Adolescents with a higher body mass index (BMI) and those overestimating body weight reported a higher body dissatisfaction (BD), a drive for thinness (DT), social physique anxiety (SPA), disordered eating, and lower self-esteem, but there were no differences in PA. Body weight overestimation was more prevalent in girls, yet body weight underestimation was more prevalent in boys. In girls, a higher BMI and body weight overestimation were associated with having less sweets, a lower frequency of having breakfast and for just a lower BMI alone—with consuming less fats, spreads, and oils. In boys, the BMI was associated with consuming less fruits and berries. The boys’ body weight overestimation was related to a lower reported number of meals, a lower frequency of breakfast, and a lower consumption of milk, cheese, yogurt, fats, spreads, and oils. Body dissatisfaction in boys and girls was negatively related to the number of meals, DT is related to a lower breakfast consumption (in girls), SPA was related to a lower nutrition score (in boys), the number of meals (boys and girls), and a lower use of meat and vegetables (boys). Conclusions. Adolescents with a higher BMI and body weight overestimation demonstrated higher body image concerns, lower self-esteem and a poorer eating-related behavioural profile. Body image concerns and body weight overestimation did not promote healthy behaviour in adolescents. It is critical to promote a positive body image, adequate body weight evaluation, self-esteem, and a healthy lifestyle in health promotion and health education programs for adolescents of both genders and different BMIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Jankauskiene
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovation, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Migle Baceviciene
- Department of Health, Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Houle-Johnson SA, Kakinami L. Do sex differences in reported weight loss intentions and behaviours persist across demographic characteristics and weight status in youth? A systematic review. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1343. [PMID: 30514246 PMCID: PMC6280345 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence suggests that young females are more likely to try to lose weight than young males, however whether this sex difference persists across demographic characteristics and weight status is unclear. Further, whether females are more likely than males to try to lose weight using unhealthy weight loss strategies has never been systematically assessed. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the literature on sex differences in weight loss intentions and strategies in children and adolescent observational studies to determine whether sex differences persisted across demographic characteristics (race/ethnicity, grade level) and weight status. Methods Relevant articles published after 1990 were identified using PubMED, Web of Science, and PsycInfo. Searches were conducted in May of 2015 and again in May of 2017. Studies conducted in the US and Canada with participants 18-years old or younger who measured weight loss strategies in the context of weight loss intention were selected. Descriptive statistics were extracted from 19 studies. Results Almost two-thirds of youth reported trying to lose weight. High-school and middle-school aged females reported consistently higher prevalence of weight loss intentions compared to male counterparts, as did Caucasian, African-American, and Hispanic females. The proportion of youth using unhealthy or extreme strategies reached 44 and 13%, respectively, with a similar proportion of males and females endorsing the use of each category of weight loss strategies across studies. Native-American youth reported the highest prevalence (27%) of using extreme strategies. Conclusions Researchers should consider demographic characteristics when reporting prevalence information for weight loss intentions and behaviours, as certain groups might require more targeted public health initiatives. Across characteristics, prevalence ranges were broad for weight loss intentions and use of particular strategies, suggesting the need to standardize and refine data collection and reporting practices in this literature. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-6179-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Houle-Johnson
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier Private, VNR3088, Ottawa, ON, K1N 9A8, Canada
| | - Lisa Kakinami
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. W., Room S-LB 927, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada. .,PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cai L, Dai M, Lin L, Yang W, Chen Y, Ma J, Jing J. Incidence of childhood overweight and obesity and its association with weight-related attitudes and behaviors in China: a national longitudinal study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2018; 15:108. [PMID: 30390717 PMCID: PMC6215687 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-018-0737-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is a major public health challenge. We aimed to investigate the incidence of overweight/obesity among Chinese children; and prospectively examine the associations of weight-change intention with risk of overweight/obesity and behavioral changes in initially normal-weight children. METHODS A national sample of 21,796 children aged 6-17 years were investigated in September 2013 and followed up nine months later, of which 19,887 (91%) were normal weight and 1909 (9%) were underweight at baseline. Weight and height were objectively measured. Weight perception, weight-change intention, weight control practices, weight-related behaviors, and demographic information were obtained by questionnaires. RESULTS Among children with underweight or normal-weight, the cumulative incidence of overweight/obesity was 2.77% (95% CI 2.55-2.99). Among normal-weight children, those who overestimated their weight had higher baseline BMI z-scores and an increased relative risk (RR) of overweight/obesity (RR 1.51, 95% CI 1.15-1.99). Children who misperceived themselves as underweight or overweight had stronger weight-change intention than their counterparts. However, children with weight-change intention did not develop greater changes in dietary intakes, physical activities, or sedentary behaviors than those without intention. There was no significant association between weight-change intention and incidence after adjusting for BMI z-scores at baseline. Self-reported improving diet, increasing physical activity, and dieting were associated with certain actual behavioral improvements and smaller increase in BMI z-score, but not associated with decreased risk of overweight/obesity. CONCLUSION The 9-months cumulative incidence of overweight/obesity was 2.77% among Chinese children. Weight-change intention was not associated with incidence of overweight/obesity in normal-weight children, regardless of their weight perception. More importantly, children's weight-change intention was insufficient in achieving desirable behavioral changes. Future overweight and obesity prevention programs should directly target on promoting children's actual behavioral changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Cai
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meixia Dai
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizi Lin
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhan Yang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ma
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Jing
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xu F, Cohen SA, Greaney ML, Greene GW. The Association between US Adolescents' Weight Status, Weight Perception, Weight Satisfaction, and Their Physical Activity and Dietary Behaviors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15091931. [PMID: 30189607 PMCID: PMC6163799 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: It remain unclear that the association between weight status, weight perception, weight satisfaction and the clustering of physical activity (PA) and dietary behaviors in adolescents. Method: A cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the US Department of Agriculture's Food Patterns Equivalents 2007⁻2014 data from adolescents aged 12⁻17 years (n = 2965) was conducted. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for demographic characteristics examined the association between weight status, weight perception, weight satisfaction, and the four created lifestyle groups (healthier behaviors, healthier diet only, physically active only, unhealthier behaviors). Results: Males with obesity were more likely to be in the healthier diet only group than males with a normal weight (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.52). Similar patterns were found in males who perceived themselves as being overweight or having obesity (OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.09, 3.99) and males with obesity who perceived their weight status accurately (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.12, 4.88). Female respondents who were satisfied with their weight were 59% less likely to be in the healthier diet only group than healthier behaviors group compared with females who were weight dissatisfied (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.75). This pattern was not observed in males. Conclusions: Clustering PA and dietary behaviors were associated with weight status and weight perception for males but not females. Weight satisfaction was associated with clustered PA and dietary behaviors for females. These findings are important for obesity prevention policies and programs to better address adolescents' obesity and reduce health disparities in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Furong Xu
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Independence Square II, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Steven A Cohen
- Health Studies Program, University of Rhode Island, Independence Square II, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Mary L Greaney
- Health Studies Program, University of Rhode Island, Independence Square II, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Geoffrey W Greene
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Fogarty Hall, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang J, Feng X, Zhai Y, Li W, Lv YB, Astell-Burt T, Shi X. Clustering of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours and associations with perceived and actual weight status among primary school children in China: A nationally representative cross-sectional study. Prev Med 2018; 112:6-14. [PMID: 29596917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have focused on clustering of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours among primary school children and potential associations with perceived and actual weight status. An index was constructed from adding up 13 unhealthy behaviours measured by survey responses. Multilevel linear regressions were used to analyse associations between child personal characteristics, perceived and actual weight status with the unhealthy lifestyle index among 11,157 children in primary schools across China. Parental and area factors were also taken into account, including education, weight status, physical activity, urban/rural and area socioeconomic circumstances. The unhealthy lifestyle index normally distributed, with 84.5% of children reporting between 2 and 6 unhealthy behaviours. Boys reported more unhealthy behaviours compared with girls (coefficient 0.32, 95%CI 0.26 to 0.37) and children in urban areas had fewer unhealthy behaviours than their rural counterparts (-0.29, 95%CI -0.56 to -0.03). An interaction revealed stronger 'protective' effects of living in cities for girls than boys, which were not explained by differences in child overweight/obesity. More unhealthy behaviours were characteristic of children in more affluent areas, and of those born to mothers and/or fathers with lower educational attainment. Children who perceived themselves as overweight or underweight both scored higher on the unhealthy lifestyle index. Unhealthy behaviours that could increase the risk of childhood obesity are common among Chinese primary school children, particularly among boys in cities, those in more affluent areas and with parents with lower education. There was no effect of actual weight status on number of unhealthy behaviours. Perceived, but not actual weight status, was also a significant correlate of unhealthy behaviours. Clustering of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours that could increase the risk of childhood obesity are common among Chinese primary school children, particularly among boys in cities, those in more affluent areas and with parents with lower education. Perceived, but not actual weight status, was also a significant correlate of unhealthy lifestyle. This has important implications for public health because understanding clustering of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours can be used to assist in the development of targeted obesity prevention initiatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Peking Union Medical College, & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaoqi Feng
- Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Early Start Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Menzies Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yi Zhai
- Division of Non-Communicable Disease Control and Community Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Weirong Li
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yue-Bin Lv
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Thomas Astell-Burt
- Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Early Start Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Menzies Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hahn SL, Borton KA, Sonneville KR. Cross-sectional associations between weight-related health behaviors and weight misperception among U.S. adolescents with overweight/obesity. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:514. [PMID: 29669539 PMCID: PMC5907388 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5394-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Weight misperception occurs when there is a discrepancy between one’s actual and perceived weight status. Among adolescents with overweight/obesity, many believe that correcting weight misperception is imperative to inspire weight-related behavior change. However, past research has shown that adolescents with overweight/obesity who misperceive their weight status gain less weight over time compared to accurate perceivers. Therefore, our objective was to examine possible mechanisms underlying this relationship. Specifically, we examined the association between weight misperception and engagement in weight-related health behaviors among adolescents with overweight/obesity. Methods Self-reported data from the 2015 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey was used in analyses restricted to participants with overweight/obesity (n = 4383). Using multivariate logistic models correcting for sex, race/ethnicity, and grade in school, we examined the cross-sectional associations between weight misperception and engagement in weight-related health behaviors, specifically related to dietary intake, physical activity, and sleep. Results Adolescents with overweight/obesity who misperceived their weight status were more likely to drink 100% fruit juice two or more times per day (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.94), eat vegetables two or more times per day (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.57), be physically active for 1 hour or more per day for at least 5 days in the week prior (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.72), be on a sports team in the last year (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.97), sleep an average of at least 8 hours per school night (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.72), and less likely to be trying to lose weight (OR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.20). Misperceivers were more likely to consume breakfast every morning in the week prior and to drink a sports drink at least once per day, though these results were not statistically significant. We observed no difference in fruit intake, soda intake, or TV viewing between weight misperceivers and accurate perceivers. Conclusions Overall, weight misperception among adolescents with overweight/obesity was associated with a number of beneficial weight-related health behaviors. Engagement in these healthy weight-related behaviors may explain some of the protective effect of weight misperception on weight gain over time. Trial registration Not applicable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Hahn
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kelley A Borton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kendrin R Sonneville
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chin SNM, Laverty AA, Filippidis FT. Trends and correlates of unhealthy dieting behaviours among adolescents in the United States, 1999-2013. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:439. [PMID: 29661180 PMCID: PMC5902998 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increase in adiposity problems among United States adolescents has been accompanied by persistently high prevalence of unhealthy dieting behaviours (UDBs) such as fasting, taking diet pills/powders/liquids, and vomiting/taking laxatives. This study aimed to examine the associations of self-perceptions of weight status, weight change intentions (WCIs) and UDBs with sex, age and race, as well as trends of UDBs in American adolescents across the weight spectrum. Methods Data come from the biennial cross-sectional, school-based surveys, the Youth Risk Behaviour Surveillance System (1999–2013, n = 113,542). The outcome measures were the self-reported UDBs: fasting for 24 h or more; taking diet pills/powders/liquids; and vomiting/taking laxatives. Sex-stratified logistic regressions assessed relationships between weight status misperceptions across all weight statuses, race and WCIs with UDBs. Differential trends between races were assessed using race*year interaction terms. Results In males, all non-White races had higher odds of fasting and vomiting/taking laxatives than Whites (except fasting in Hispanic/Latinos), with Adjusted Odds Ratios (AORs) between 1.44 and 2.07. In females, Black/African Americans and Hispanic/Latinos had lower odds of taking diet pills/powders/liquids compared to Whites (AORs 0.50 and 0.78 respectively). Racial disparities persisted throughout the study period. Prevalence of fasting and vomiting/taking laxatives did not change between 1999 and 2013 for all races, while taking diet pills/powders/liquids decreased. Compared to individuals of normal weight who were accurate weight status perceivers, individuals of almost all other combinations of weight status and weight status perception had significantly higher odds of displaying any UDB outcome. Overestimation of weight status was found to be the strongest determinant of UDBs. Compared to individuals endorsing "not wanting to do anything" about their weight, individuals endorsing all other WCIs (including wanting to gain weight) also showed significantly higher odds for every UDB outcome, with wanting to lose weight having AORs of the greatest magnitudes. Conclusions Prevalence of UDBs is persistently high, and highest among females across all racial groups. UDBs may elevate undesired weight gain and weight loss in individuals who are obese/overweight and underweight respectively. Further research into weight status perceptions among adolescents may inform efforts to reduce UDBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N M Chin
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 310 Reynolds Building, St. Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK
| | - Anthony A Laverty
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Filippos T Filippidis
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 310 Reynolds Building, St. Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
The Relationship Between Body Image Concerns and Weight-Related Behaviours of Adolescents and Emerging Adults: A Systematic Review. BEHAVIOUR CHANGE 2018. [DOI: 10.1017/bec.2018.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review investigates evidence on the association between body image concerns and weight-related behaviours of adolescents and emerging adults. It includes peer-reviewed journal articles reporting research involving body image concerns and weight-related behaviours of adolescents and emerging adults, published between 2005–2017, and located through systematic searches from four databases. This review includes studies from 11 countries or regions: United States (n = 13), Asia (n = 9), Europe (n = 8), Middle East (n = 3), South America (Brazil; n = 3), Canada (n = 3), Australia (n = 1), New Zealand (n = 1), Trinidad (n = 1), Turkey (n = 1) and Seychelles (n = 1); 24 different countries (n = 1); three Asian countries and the United States (n = 1). Out of 46 studies included in this review, 45 studies reported a positive association between body image concerns and weight-related behaviours. Adolescents and emerging adults who misperceived their weight engaged in weight-related behaviours. Higher body dissatisfaction had a significant association in the development of eating disorders and extreme weight-loss behaviours. Body image concerns play a significant role in adolescents and emerging adults engaging in weight-related behaviours. Experimental research designs are required to determine the causality of this association. Evidence strongly suggests policy makers and public health practitioners contemplate strategies to promote positive body image and healthy weight-related behaviours among adolescents and emerging adults.
Collapse
|
35
|
Ling J, Stommel M, Choi SH. Attempts to Lose Weight Among US Children: Importance of Weight Perceptions from Self, Parents, and Health Professionals. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:597-605. [PMID: 29388733 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate how perceptions of weight by children themselves, parents, and health professionals influence children's persistent attempts to lose weight. METHODS The sample included 4,914 children aged 8 to 15 years from the 2005 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (representing 20.7 million children). Data were analyzed using logistic regression models. RESULTS About 34.2% never made an effort to lose weight, whereas 28.2% made persistent attempts to lose weight. Children's persistent attempts to lose weight were highly related to their own BMI percentile. Children's self-perceptions of overweight increased the odds of persistent attempts to lose weight more than sevenfold. Health professionals' perceptions that children were overweight increased the odds of persistent attempts to lose weight almost threefold. However, parents' perceptions of children as overweight had a relatively small though significant influence on children's attempts to lose weight. CONCLUSIONS As perceptions of children's weight status play big roles in children's attempts to lose weight, interventions focusing on increasing accuracy of perceptions may help promote healthy weight loss efforts. Although parents are key agents in controlling their children's weight gain, especially among minority school-aged children, the study findings also emphasize the greater importance of health professionals on children's attempts to lose weight across different racial/ethnic groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiying Ling
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Manfred Stommel
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Division of Health Informatics and Surveillance, National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Seung Hee Choi
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Haynes A, Kersbergen I, Sutin A, Daly M, Robinson E. A systematic review of the relationship between weight status perceptions and weight loss attempts, strategies, behaviours and outcomes. Obes Rev 2018; 19:347-363. [PMID: 29266851 PMCID: PMC5814847 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
It is commonly assumed that a person identifying that they are 'overweight' is an important prerequisite to successful weight management. However, there has been no systematic evaluation of evidence supporting this proposition. The aim of the present research was to systematically review evidence on the relationship between perceived overweight and (i) weight loss attempts, (ii) weight control strategies (healthy and unhealthy), (iii) weight-related behaviours (physical activity and eating habits), (iv) disordered eating and (v) weight change. We synthesized evidence from 78 eligible studies and evaluated evidence linking perceived overweight with outcome variables separately according to the gender, age and objective weight status of study participants. Results indicated that perceived overweight was associated with an increased likelihood of attempting weight loss and with healthy and unhealthy weight control strategies in some participant groups. However, perceived overweight was not reliably associated with physical activity or healthy eating and was associated with greater disordered eating in some groups. Rather than being associated with improved weight management, there was consistent evidence that perceived overweight was predictive of increased weight gain over time. Individuals who perceive their weight status as overweight are more likely to report attempting weight loss but over time gain more weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Haynes
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - I Kersbergen
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Sutin
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - M Daly
- Behavioural Science Centre, Stirling Management School, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.,UCD Geary Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E Robinson
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xu F, Greaney ML, Cohen SA, Riebe D, Greene GW. The Association between Adolescent's Weight Perception and Health Behaviors: Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data, 2011-2014. J Obes 2018; 2018:3547856. [PMID: 29850231 PMCID: PMC5937432 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3547856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between adolescents' weight perception and their physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors remains unclear. Therefore, these associations were explored using data from 2438 adolescents aged 12-19 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination 2011-2014 Survey. Respondents reported weight perception, and their weight perception accuracy was determined by examining whether the measured weight and perceived weight were concordant. Respondents also reported sedentary time (sitting time and screen time), PA, and intention to lose weight. Linear and logistic regression models were conducted to determine whether adolescents' PA, sedentary behaviors, and weight loss intention differed by weight perception and weight perception accuracy adjusted for demographic variables accounting for complex sampling. About one-quarter (21.4%) of the respondents had obesity. For respondents who perceived themselves as being overweight/fat, despite greater weight loss intention, males reported more sitting time (512.7 ± 16.3 versus 474.1 ± 10.2 minutes/day, p < 0.05) and females reported less PA (48.7 ± 5.0 versus 64.6 ± 3.3 minutes/day, p < 0.05) than respondents who perceived themselves as being normal weight. Similar patterns were observed for weight perception accuracy among individuals with obesity. Study results show that perceiving oneself as being overweight/fat regardless of accuracy was associated with more sedentary time for males or less PA for females despite higher weight loss intention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Furong Xu
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Independence Square II, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Mary L. Greaney
- Health Studies Program, University of Rhode Island, Independence Square II, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Steven A. Cohen
- Health Studies Program, University of Rhode Island, Independence Square II, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Deborah Riebe
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Independence Square II, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Geoffrey W. Greene
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Fogarty Hall, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Thurston IB, Sonneville KR, Milliren CE, Kamody RC, Gooding HC, Richmond TK. Cross-sectional and Prospective Examination of Weight Misperception and Depressive Symptoms Among Youth with Overweight and Obesity. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2017; 18:152-163. [PMID: 27682272 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-016-0714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the association between weight misperception (considering oneself average or underweight) and depressive symptoms among youth with overweight/obesity. Linear regression models (adjusted for age, BMI, parental education, percent poverty) were used to examine cross-sectional (wave II, 1996, n = 3898, M age = 15.9, SD = 0.13) and longitudinal (from wave II to IV, 1996-2008/2009, n = 2738, M age = 28.5, SD = 0.06) associations between weight misperception and depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale) in a subsample of White, Black, Asian, Hispanic, and Multi-racial male and female youth with overweight/obesity participating in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Average BMI was 29.0 (0.16) at wave II and 35.7 (0.23) at wave IV. Thirty-two percent misperceived their weight status as average weight (n = 1151, 30 %) or underweight (n = 99, 3 %). In fully adjusted cross-sectional models, White (β = -1.92, 95 % CI = -2.79, -1.06) and Multi-racial (β = -4.43, 95 % CI = -6.90, -1.95) youth who perceived themselves as average weight had significantly lower depressive symptoms compared to accurate weight-perceivers. In fully adjusted longitudinal models, White youth (β = -0.41, 95 % CI = -0.81, -0.004) who perceived themselves as average weight had significantly lower depressive symptoms 12 years later. Findings suggest that weight misperception may be protective against depression among White adolescents and young adults with overweight/obesity. Clinical and population interventions should consider potential harmful effects of correcting weight misperceptions on the mental health of youth with overweight/obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Idia B Thurston
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, 310 Psychology Building, Memphis, TN, 38152, USA.
| | - Kendrin R Sonneville
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carly E Milliren
- Clinical Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca C Kamody
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, 310 Psychology Building, Memphis, TN, 38152, USA
| | - Holly C Gooding
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tracy K Richmond
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sand AS, Furberg AS, Lian OS, Nielsen CS, Pettersen G, Winther A, Emaus N. Cross-sectional study of the differences between measured, perceived and desired body size and their relations with self-perceived health in young adults: The Tromsø Study - Fit Futures 2. Scand J Public Health 2017; 45:322-330. [PMID: 28181462 PMCID: PMC5414901 DOI: 10.1177/1403494817690941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between measured body size (body mass index (BMI)), perceived body size, weight change wishes and self-perceived health in young adults. METHODS The participants were recruited from a school-based population study in Norway, the Tromsø Study: Fit Futures 2, carried out in 2012-2013. A total of 629 young women and men (aged 18-23 years) reported on the main variables. The data were collected through weight and height measurements and questionnaires. The analyses were performed with descriptive statistics, the χ2 test and Student's t-test. RESULTS A total of 20% of the women and 28% of the men were overweight or obese. There were considerable discrepancies between the measured BMI and perceived body size in both sexes. A substantial number of participants wanted to change their weight. Among the 174 women who reported that they were trying to lose weight, as many as 57 (32.8%) had a low normal weight (BMI 18.5-21.9 kg/m2). Correspondingly, among the 66 men who reported that they wanted to gain weight, as many as 19 (28.8%) had a high normal weight (BMI 22-24.9 kg/m2). We found no relation between body size perceptions, weight change wishes and self-perceived health. CONCLUSIONS Discrepancies between measured and perceived body size and weight change wishes are common findings in young adults. The lack of relation with self-perceived health found in our study is surprising and not easy to interpret. To gain more knowledge about these matters, further research, including both qualitative and quantitative studies, is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sofie Sand
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital of North Norway, Norway
| | - Anne-Sofie Furberg
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Olaug S. Lian
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital of North Norway, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Christopher S. Nielsen
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
- Department of Psychosomatics and Health Behaviour, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Gunn Pettersen
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Anne Winther
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Norway
| | - Nina Emaus
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Patte KA, Laxer RE, Qian W, Leatherdale ST. An analysis of weight perception and physical activity and dietary behaviours among youth in the COMPASS study. SSM Popul Health 2016; 2:841-849. [PMID: 29349193 PMCID: PMC5757788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Weight misperceptions appear common among youth, potentially influencing their motivation to engage in health-related behaviours; however, the direction of impact remains unclear. The current study examined how weight perception influences physical activity (PA) and diet among youth. METHODS This study used 2-year linked data of 19,322 grade 9-12 students from Year 2 (Y2:2013-2014) and 3 (Y3:2014-2015) of the COMPASS study. Generalized Estimating Equation models tested the effect of Y3 weight perception on the various Y3 PA and dietary behaviour measures, adjusting for Y3 covariates (grade, race/ethnicity, weekly spending money), school cluster, school area median household income, and the Y2 outcome. Models were stratified by gender and body mass index (BMI) classification. RESULTS Regardless of BMI status, overweight perceptions among boys and girls were associated with lower likelihoods of playing school sports, physical education class enrollment, meeting resistance exercise recommendations, eating breakfast regularly, and less vigorous-intensity PA, and among boys only, lower odds of meeting PA guidelines, compared to their peers who perceived their weight as "about right". In boys with normal-weight BMIs, underweight perceptions predicted less vigorous-intensity PA, and lower odds of physical education class enrollment, and of meeting PA and resistance exercise recommendations, than "about right" perceptions. Among girls, underweight perceptions predicted lower likelihoods of engaging in adequate resistance exercise and playing intramurals, and greater odds of eating fast food on weekends, purchasing snacks, and drinking energy drinks and sugar-sweetened beverages. Girls with overweight/obese BMIs who perceived their weight as such were less likely to consume adequate fruits and vegetables relative to their counterparts with "about right" weight perceptions. CONCLUSIONS Overall, weight perceptions of "about right" appear more favourable for health behaviours among youth across the weight range. Results suggest obesity prevention strategies aiming to increase awareness of weight status may have unintended effects.
Collapse
|
41
|
Discordance between measured weight, perceived weight, and body satisfaction among adolescents. J Psychosom Res 2016; 88:22-7. [PMID: 27521648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate prevalence, trends and persistence of discordance between measured body weight and perceived body weight and body satisfaction, and examine its association with gender, ethnicity, and family income. METHODS Using two-wave data from a prospective cohort study of adolescents sampled from Houston metropolitan area, aged 11-17years at baseline (n=4175) in 2000, and followed up in 2001 (n=3134). Survey logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios (OR). RESULTS Females, European Americans, and adolescents in families with higher income were more likely to overestimate their body weight, and to be dissatisfied with their body weight, compared with males, African Americans, or those with a lower family income, respectively. Healthy weight females had significantly elevated odds of perceiving themselves as overweight compared with healthy weight males: OR=1.82 (1.27-2.61) in Wave 1, OR=2.81 (1.82-4.34) in Wave 2, and OR=3.85 (1.58-9.38) in both waves. Similarly, healthy weight European Americans had about two times higher odds of perceiving themselves as overweight than healthy weight African Americans. Healthy weight females had over 1.5 odds of being dissatisfied with their body compared to healthy weight males. Compared with African Americans, European Americans were more likely to be dissatisfied with their body even they were within healthy weight range. CONCLUSIONS There was a high prevalence of discordance between actual weight and perceived weight and body satisfaction among adolescents. Discordances differed by gender, ethnicity, and family income, and should be taken into account in interventions for preventing overweight and obesity, and other undesired outcomes in adolescents.
Collapse
|