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Wei J, Tian Y, Wei J, Guan M, Yu X, Xie J, Fan G. Bilirubin regulates cell death type by alleviating macrophage mitochondrial dysfunction caused by cigarette smoke extract. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2382946. [PMID: 39074442 PMCID: PMC11288206 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2382946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the effects and mechanisms of bilirubin on mitochondrial function and type of macrophage cell death after exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). METHODS RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with different concentrations of CSE and bilirubin solutions and divided into four groups: control, CSE, bilirubin, and bilirubin + CSE groups. The necrotic and apoptotic states of the macrophages were determined using an Annexin V-fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (FITC/PI) staining kit. Cytoplasmic NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) expression in macrophages was detected by immunofluorescence and the levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in the supernatants of culture medium were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. A JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential detection kit was used to assess mitochondrial membrane damage and the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay kit was used to determine intracellular ATP levels. After the macrophages were stained with reactive oxygen species (ROS) specific dye, 2',7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), the fluorescence intensity and proportion of ROS-positive macrophages were measured using flow cytometry. RESULTS We observed that compared with those of 0 μM (control group), concentrations of 5, 10, or 20 μΜ bilirubin significantly decreased cell viability, which was increased by bilirubin exposure below 1 μM. The effect of CSE on macrophage viability was concentration- and time-dependent. Bilirubin of 0.2 μM could alleviate the inhibition of macrophage viability caused by 5% CSE. In addition, bilirubin intervention could reduce the occurrence of necrosis and pyroptosis to a certain extent. CONCLUSIONS CSE could cause mitochondrial dysfunction in macrophages, as demonstrated by a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ATP levels and an increase in ROS production, while bilirubin could relieve mitochondrial dysfunction caused by CSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinshu Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiqi Guan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoya Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianing Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoquan Fan
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
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Georgakopoulou VE, Sklapani P, Trakas N, Reiter RJ, Spandidos DA. Exploring the association between melatonin and nicotine dependence (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 54:82. [PMID: 39092582 PMCID: PMC11315657 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the addictive qualities of tobacco products and the compulsive craving and dependence associated with their use, nicotine dependence continues to be a serious public health concern on a global scale. Despite awareness of the associated health risks, nicotine addiction contributes to numerous acute and chronic medical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, respiratory disorders and cancer. The nocturnal secretion of pineal melatonin, known as the 'hormone of darkness', influences circadian rhythms and is implicated in addiction‑related behaviors. Melatonin receptors are found throughout the brain, influencing dopaminergic neurotransmission and potentially attenuating nicotine‑seeking behavior. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of melatonin may mitigate oxidative stress from chronic nicotine exposure, reducing cellular damage and lowering the risk of nicotine‑related health issues. In addition to its effects on circadian rhythmicity, melatonin acting via specific neural receptors influences sleep and mood, and provides neuroprotection. Disruptions in melatonin signaling may contribute to sleep disturbances and mood disorders, highlighting the potential therapeutic role of melatonin in addiction and psychiatric conditions. Melatonin may influence neurotransmitter systems involved in addiction, such as the dopaminergic, glutamatergic, serotonergic and endogenous opioid systems. Preclinical studies suggest the potential of melatonin in modulating reward processing, attenuating drug‑induced hyperactivity and reducing opioid withdrawal symptoms. Chronotherapeutic approaches targeting circadian rhythms and melatonin signaling show promise in smoking cessation interventions. Melatonin supplementation during periods of heightened nicotine cravings may alleviate withdrawal symptoms and reduce the reinforcing effects of nicotine. Further research is required however, to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the melatonin‑nicotine association and the optimization of therapeutic interventions. Challenges include variability in individual responses to melatonin, optimal dosing regimens and identifying biomarkers of treatment response. Understanding these complexities could lead to personalized treatment strategies and improve smoking cessation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pagona Sklapani
- Department of Biochemistry, Sismanogleio Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Trakas
- Department of Biochemistry, Sismanogleio Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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Lagowala DA, Wally A, Wilmsen K, Kim B, Yeung-Luk B, Choi JS, Swaby C, Luk M, Feller L, Ghosh B, Niederkofler A, Tieng E, Sherman E, Chen D, Upadya N, Zhang R, Kim DH, Sidhaye V. Microphysiological Models of Lung Epithelium-Alveolar Macrophage Co-Cultures to Study Chronic Lung Disease. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300165. [PMID: 37840439 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between immune cells and epithelial cells influence the progression of many respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In vitro models allow for the examination of cells in controlled environments. However, these models lack the complex 3D architecture and vast multicellular interactions between the lung resident cells and infiltrating immune cells that can mediate cellular response to insults. In this study, three complementary microphysiological systems are presented to delineate the effects of cigarette smoke and respiratory disease on the lung epithelium. First, the Transwell system allows the co-culture of pulmonary immune and epithelial cells to evaluate cellular and monolayer phenotypic changes in response to cigarette smoke exposure. Next, the human and mouse precision-cut lung slices system provides a physiologically relevant model to study the effects of chronic insults like cigarette smoke with the dissection of specific interaction of immune cell subtypes within the structurally complex tissue environment. Finally, the lung-on-a-chip model provides an adaptable system for live imaging of polarized epithelial tissues that mimic the in vivo environment of the airways. Using a combination of these models, a complementary approach is provided to better address the intricate mechanisms of lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave A Lagowala
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Arabelis Wally
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Kai Wilmsen
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Byunggik Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Bonnie Yeung-Luk
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jong Seob Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Carter Swaby
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Matthew Luk
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Laine Feller
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Baishakhi Ghosh
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Austin Niederkofler
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ethan Tieng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ethan Sherman
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Daniel Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Nisha Upadya
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Rachel Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Venkataramana Sidhaye
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
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Alemohammad SY, Khalaji A, Osibogun O, Jebai R, Li W, Ijaz A, Gehris M, Dargahi Abbasabad G, Ward K, Bursac Z, Ben Taleb Z, Ebrahimi Kalan M. Associations between ENDS and cigarette use, and compromised immunity in US adults: Findings from the 2021-2022 NHIS. J Addict Dis 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39066465 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2024.2380116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco use presents increased risks for individuals with weakened immune systems (WIS). We investigated the association between cigarette and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS or e-cigarettes) use and WIS in US adults using data from the 2021-2022 National Health Interview Survey. METHODS Data from 57,133 adults were analyzed, focusing on WIS prevalence due to health conditions, prescriptions, or both. Cigarette and ENDS use were categorized as never, former, or current. Weighted multivariable regression models adjusted for demographics and other health conditions to assess associations between tobacco use and WIS. RESULTS Among US adults, 4.3% had prescription-related WIS, 4.6% had health condition-related WIS, and 7% had WIS due to either reason. Adjusted results from multivariable regression models indicated that adults with WIS due to health conditions were more likely to be current (AOR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.05-1.40) and former (AOR = 1.25, 95%CI: 1.11-1.39) cigarette smokers compared to counterparts without WIS. Adults with WIS due to prescriptions were more likely to be former cigarette smokers (AOR = 1.19, 95%CI: 1.06-1.34). Those with WIS for any reason were more likely to be current (AOR = 1.19, 95%CI: 1.05-1.35) and former (AOR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.13-1.36) cigarette smokers. Adults with WIS due to health conditions (AOR = 1.23, 95%CI: 1.06-1.41) or any reasons (AOR = 1.19, 95%CI:1.05-1.34) were more likely to be former ENDS users compared to those without WIS. CONCLUSIONS In this nationally representative study, we found a notable link between cigarette and ENDS use with WIS, particularly among those with health condition-related or prescription-related WIS, underscoring the importance of addressing tobacco use in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Yasaman Alemohammad
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Olatokunbo Osibogun
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rime Jebai
- Department of Health Law, Policy & Management, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ateeqa Ijaz
- School of Health Professions, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Miranda Gehris
- School of Health Professions, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Ghader Dargahi Abbasabad
- Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Kenneth Ward
- College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Zoran Bursac
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ziyad Ben Taleb
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
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Deng W, Liu C, Cheng Q, Yang J, Chen W, Huang Y, Hu Y, Guan J, Weng J, Wang Z, Chen C. Predicting the risk of pulmonary infection in patients with chronic kidney failure: A-C 2GH 2S risk score-a retrospective study. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:2391-2402. [PMID: 38436825 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-03953-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study is to investigate the associated risk factors of pulmonary infection in individuals diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The primary goal is to develop a predictive model that can anticipate the likelihood of pulmonary infection during hospitalization among CKD patients. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted at two prominent tertiary teaching hospitals. Three distinct models were formulated employing three different approaches: (1) the statistics-driven model, (2) the clinical knowledge-driven model, and (3) the decision tree model. The simplest and most efficient model was obtained by comparing their predictive power, stability, and practicability. RESULTS This study involved a total of 971 patients, with 388 individuals comprising the modeling group and 583 individuals comprising the validation group. Three different models, namely Models A, B, and C, were utilized, resulting in the identification of seven, four, and eleven predictors, respectively. Ultimately, a statistical knowledge-driven model was selected, which exhibited a C-statistic of 0.891 (0.855-0.927) and a Brier score of 0.012. Furthermore, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated that the model demonstrated good calibration. Additionally, Model A displayed a satisfactory C-statistic of 0.883 (0.856-0.911) during external validation. The statistical-driven model, known as the A-C2GH2S risk score (which incorporates factors such as albumin, C2 [previous COPD history, blood calcium], random venous blood glucose, H2 [hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein], and smoking), was utilized to determine the risk score for the incidence rate of lung infection in patients with CKD. The findings revealed a gradual increase in the occurrence of pulmonary infections, ranging from 1.84% for individuals with an A-C2GH2S Risk Score ≤ 6, to 93.96% for those with an A-C2GH2S Risk Score ≥ 18.5. CONCLUSION A predictive model comprising seven predictors was developed to forecast pulmonary infection in patients with CKD. This model is characterized by its simplicity, practicality, and it also has good specificity and sensitivity after verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Deng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianhui Cheng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiangan Guan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Weng
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Zhiyi Wang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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Hillari L, Frank P, Cadar D. Systemic inflammation, lifestyle behaviours and dementia: A 10-year follow-up investigation. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 38:100776. [PMID: 38706574 PMCID: PMC11068506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Lifestyle behaviours have been linked to dementia incidence, but their cumulative impact on dementia and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the association of co-occurring lifestyle behaviours with dementia incidence and the mediating role of systemic inflammation in this association. Methods The sample comprised 3131 participants (55.2% female) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing aged 52-92 years at baseline (2008/09). Self-reported baseline lifestyle behaviours (alcohol intake, fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking, physical activity, sleep duration, social engagement, and cognitive activity) were summed to derive an index of lifestyle behaviours, ranging from 0 to 7, with higher scores denoting a higher number of health-risk behaviours. Incident dementia cases (n = 130, 4.2%) were identified through doctor-diagnosed dementia, informant interviews, and health records between 2014/15 and 2018/19. Systemic inflammation was measured through fasting plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein in 2012/13. Results Binary logistic regression models indicated that the odds of subsequent dementia increased by 1.19 for each additional health-risk behaviour (95% confidence intervals: 1.04, 1.37, p = 0.014) after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, wealth, education, marital status, body mass index, coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, and depression. However, this association was not mediated by C-reactive protein. Conclusions Co-occurring health-risk behaviours were associated with higher dementia incidence up to 10 years later, underscoring the importance of modifying health-risk behaviours for the prevention of dementia. Systemic inflammation did not explain the association between behaviours and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Hillari
- Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philipp Frank
- Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dorina Cadar
- Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Dementia Studies, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
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Tahir A, Shinkafi SH, Alshrari AS, Yunusa A, Umar MT, Hudu SA, Jimoh AO. A Comprehensive Review of Hepatitis B Vaccine Nonresponse and Associated Risk Factors. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:710. [PMID: 39066348 PMCID: PMC11281605 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12070710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant global health concern worldwide, contributing to high rates of mortality and morbidity, including chronic hepatitis B, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Universal vaccination programs have significantly reduced the rate of HBV transmission; however, a subset of individuals fail to develop a protective immune response following vaccination and are termed nonresponders. A comprehensive search strategy using the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases was employed to search for relevant studies using keywords including "hepatitis B vaccine", "vaccine nonresponse", "immunogenicity", "immune response to the hepatitis B vaccine", and "associated risk factors". Factors influencing the vaccine's response include demographic factors, such as age and sex, with increased nonresponse rates being observed in older adults and males. Obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption are lifestyle factors that decrease the vaccine response. Medical conditions, including diabetes, chronic kidney and liver diseases, HIV, celiac disease, and inflammatory bowel disease, affect the vaccine response. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes and genetic polymorphisms linked to immune regulation are genetic factors that further influence the vaccine's effectiveness. To reduce the global burden of hepatitis B infection, it is essential to understand these factors to improve vaccine effectiveness and develop individualized vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albashir Tahir
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 840001, Nigeria; (A.T.); (A.Y.); (M.T.U.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bauchi State University, Gadau 751105, Nigeria
| | - Sa’adatu Haruna Shinkafi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto 23270, Nigeria
| | - Ahmed Subeh Alshrari
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulmajeed Yunusa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 840001, Nigeria; (A.T.); (A.Y.); (M.T.U.)
| | - Muhammad Tukur Umar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 840001, Nigeria; (A.T.); (A.Y.); (M.T.U.)
| | - Shuaibu Abdullahi Hudu
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 840232, Nigeria
| | - Abdulgafar Olayiwola Jimoh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 840001, Nigeria; (A.T.); (A.Y.); (M.T.U.)
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Yadav V, Pandey V, Gaglani P, Srivastava A, Soni, Subhashini. Inhibiting SIRT-2 by AK-7 restrains airway inflammation and oxidative damage promoting lung resurgence through NF-kB and MAP kinase signaling pathway. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1404122. [PMID: 38979411 PMCID: PMC11228164 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1404122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global cause of mortality with limited effective treatments. Sirtuins (SIRT) are histone deacetylases that are involved in the regulation of redox and inflammatory homeostasis. Hence, the present study aims to investigate the role of SIRT-2 in modulating inflammation in a murine model of COPD. Methods COPD in mice was established by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure for 60 days, and AK-7 was used as the specific SIRT-2 inhibitor. AK-7 (100 µg/kg and 200 µg/kg body weight) was administered intranasally 1 h before CS exposure. Molecular docking was performed to analyze the binding affinity of different inflammatory proteins with AK-7. Results Immune cell analysis showed a significantly increased number of macrophages (F4/80), neutrophils (Gr-1), and lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+) in the COPD, group and their population was declined by AK-7 administration. Total reactive oxygen species, total inducible nitric oxide synthase, inflammatory mediators such as neutrophil elastase, C-reactive protein, histamine, and cytokines as IL4, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α were elevated in COPD and declined in the AK-7 group. However, IL-10 showed reverse results representing anti-inflammatory potency. AK-7 administration by inhibiting SIRT-2 decreased the expression of p-NF-κB, p-P38, p-Erk, and p-JNK and increased the expression of Nrf-2. Furthermore, AK-7 also declined the lung injury by inhibiting inflammation, parenchymal destruction, emphysema, collagen, club cells, and Kohn pores. AK-7 also showed good binding affinity with inflammatory proteins. Discussion The current study reveals that SIRT-2 inhibition mitigates COPD severity and enhances pulmonary therapeutic interventions, suggesting AK-7 as a potential therapeutic molecule for COPD medication development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vinita Pandey
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Pratikkumar Gaglani
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Atul Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Soni
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Subhashini
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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9
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Jiang Y, Li H. The effect of smoking on tumor immunoediting: Friend or foe? Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-108. [PMID: 38887597 PMCID: PMC11181014 DOI: 10.18332/tid/189302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The recognition of smoking as an independent risk factor for lung cancer has become a widely accepted within the realm of respiratory medicine. The emergence of tumor immunotherapy has notably enhanced the prognosis for numerous late-stage cancer patients. Nevertheless, some studies have noted a tendency for lung cancer patients who smoke to derive greater benefit from immunotherapy. This observation has sparked increased interest in the interaction between smoking and the immune response to tumors in lung cancer. The concept of cancer immunoediting has shed light on the intricate and nuanced relationship between the immune system and tumors. Starting from the perspectives of immune surveillance, immune equilibrium, and immune evasion, this narrative review explores how smoking undermines the immune response against tumor cells and induces the generation of tumor neoantigens, and examines other behaviors that trigger tumor immune evasion. By elucidating these aspects, the review concludes that smoking is not conducive to tumor immunoediting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixia Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hequan Li
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Shen H, Zheng R, Du M, Christiani DC. Environmental pollutants exposure-derived extracellular vesicles: crucial players in respiratory disorders. Thorax 2024; 79:680-691. [PMID: 38631896 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2023-221302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual exposure to environmental pollutants, as one of the most influential drivers of respiratory disorders, has received considerable attention due to its preventability and controllability. Considering that the extracellular vesicle (EV) was an emerging intercellular communication medium, recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of environmental pollutants derived EVs (EPE-EVs) in respiratory disorders. METHODS PubMed and Web of Science were searched from January 2018 to December 2023 for publications with key words of environmental pollutants, respiratory disorders and EVs. RESULTS Environmental pollutants could disrupt airway intercellular communication by indirectly stimulating airway barrier cells to secrete endogenous EVs, or directly transmitting exogenous EVs, mainly by biological pollutants. Mechanistically, EPE-EVs transferred specific contents to modulate biological functions of recipient cells, to induce respiratory inflammation and impair tissue and immune function, which consequently contributed to the development of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, lung cancer and infectious lung diseases. Clinically, EVs could emerged as promising biomarkers and biological agents for respiratory diseases attributed by their specificity, convenience, sensibility and stability. CONCLUSIONS Further studies of EPE-EVs are helpful to understand the aetiology and pathology of respiratory diseases, and facilitate the precision respiratory medicine in risk screening, early diagnosis, clinical management and biotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Shen
- School of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Departments of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Departments of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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11
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Freund O, Shetrit A, Bar-Shai A, Zornitzki L, Frydman S, Banai A, Shamir RA, Ben-Shoshan J, Arbel Y, Banai S, Konigstein M. Smoking and Respiratory Diseases in Patients with Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction. Am J Med 2024; 137:538-544.e1. [PMID: 38485108 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary microvascular disease (CMD) is common in patients with and without obstructive coronary artery disease, and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Respiratory-related variables are associated with pulmonary and systemic microvascular dysfunction, while evidence about their relationship with CMD is limited. We aim to evaluate respiratory-related variables as risk factors of CMD. METHODS This is an observational, single-center study enrolling consecutive patients undergoing invasive evaluation of coronary microvascular function in the catheterization laboratory. Patients with evidence of obstructive coronary artery disease or with missing data were excluded. Associations between respiratory-related variables and indices of CMD were assessed using univariate and multivariate regression models. RESULTS Overall, 266 patients (mean age 67 ± 11 years, 59% females) were included in the current analysis. Of those, 155 (58%) had evidence of CMD. Among the respiratory variables, independent predictors of CMD were current smoking (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-5; P = .01) and obstructive sleep apnea (AOR 5.7; 95% CI, 1.2-26; P = .03), while chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was not. Among ever-smokers, higher smoking pack-years was an independent risk factor for CMD (median 35 vs 25 pack-years, AOR 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.13; P < .01), and was associated with higher rates of pathologic index of microcirculatory resistance and resistive reserve ratio. CONCLUSION In patients undergoing invasive coronary microvascular evaluation, current smoking and obstructive sleep apnea are independently associated with CMD. Among smokers, higher pack-years is a strong predictor for CMD. Our findings should raise awareness for prevention and possible treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophir Freund
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel; Department of Internal Medicine B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel
| | - Aviel Shetrit
- Department of Cardiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel
| | - Amir Bar-Shai
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel
| | - Lior Zornitzki
- Department of Internal Medicine B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel; Department of Cardiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel
| | - Shir Frydman
- Department of Internal Medicine B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel; Department of Cardiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel
| | - Ariel Banai
- Department of Cardiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel
| | - Reut Amar Shamir
- Department of Cardiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel
| | - Jeremy Ben-Shoshan
- Department of Cardiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel
| | - Yaron Arbel
- Department of Cardiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel
| | - Shmuel Banai
- Department of Cardiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel
| | - Maayan Konigstein
- Department of Cardiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel.
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12
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Huang P, Xiang T, Wang Q, Han L, Zheng S, Zhang D, Huang F, Duan B, Li J, Li H, Huang T. Protective effect of Xixin-Ganjiang herb pair for warming the lungs to dissolve phlegm in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rats based on integrated network pharmacology and metabolomics. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5851. [PMID: 38449348 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Xixin-Ganjiang herb pair (XGHP) is a classic combination for warming the lungs to dissolve phlegm and is often used to treat a variety of chronic lung diseases; it can treat the syndrome of cold phlegm obstruction of lungs. First, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to examine the composition of XGHP, and network pharmacology was used to predict its potential core targets and signaling pathways in the current study. Second, a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was established for assessing the anti-COPD activity of XGHP, and metabolomics was used to explore the biomarkers and metabolic pathways. Finally, the sample was validated using molecular docking and Western blotting. The integration of metabolomics and network pharmacology results identified 11 targets, 3 biomarkers, 3 pathways, and 2 metabolic pathways. Western blotting showed that XGHP effectively regulated the expression of core proteins via multiple signaling pathways (downregulation of toll-like receptor 4 [TLR4] and upregulation of serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 [p-AKT1] and nitric oxide synthase 3 [NOS3]). Molecular docking results showed that the 10 potentially active components of XGHP have good affinity with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), TLR4, p-AKT1, and NOS3. Our findings suggest that XGHP may regulate glucolipid metabolism, improve energy supply, and inhibit inflammatory responses (TNF-α, IL-6, and MMP-9) via the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and HIF-1 signaling pathway in the management of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Xiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lintao Han
- Pharmacy School, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Prescription, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Sili Zheng
- Pharmacy School, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongning Zhang
- Pharmacy School, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Bailu Duan
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Huamao Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, China
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13
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Bi R, Zhang D, Quan R, Lin X, Zhang W, Li C, Yuan M, Fang B, Wang D, Li Y. Edible bird's nest alleviates pneumonia caused by tobacco smoke inhalation through the TNFR1/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:4196-4210. [PMID: 38873472 PMCID: PMC11167147 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke directly damages the lungs and causes lung inflammation. The anti-inflammatory properties of edible bird's nest (EBN) have been reported. We aimed to determine the effect of EBN on pneumonia in a mouse model exposed to cigarette smoke. Fifty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control, model, positive drug, low-dose EBN, and high-dose EBN groups (n = 10 each). Except for the control group, the mice in each group were exposed to four cigarettes once a day for 8 days. In addition, we validated the effects of EBN on A549 cells and investigated the mechanism by which EBN alleviates lung inflammation. Edible bird's nest (EBN) could alleviate the structural damage of lung tissue and the smoke-induced inflammatory response in mice. The best effect was observed at the high dose of EBN (0.019 g). The mice treated with EBN had a stronger ability than those in the model group to resist cigarette smoke stimulation, as indicated by a decrease in serum and lung inflammatory markers (interleukin 6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], and interleukin 8 [IL-8]), an increase in serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels, and a decrease in the expression of inflammasome NOD-like receptor pyrin 3 (NLRP3). In addition, our cell experiments showed that EBN attenuated cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary inflammation mainly by inhibiting the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/NLRP3 pathway. These findings provide theoretical evidence for the positive nutritional qualities of EBN for the lung by demonstrating that it inhibits the TNFR1/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway, which prevents the development of cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Bi
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Rui Quan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoxian Lin
- Hebei Edible Bird's Nest Fresh Stew Technology Innovation CenterLangfangChina
| | - Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chuangang Li
- Key Laboratory of Function Dairy, Co‐Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Municipality, College of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Man Yuan
- Hebei Edible Bird's Nest Fresh Stew Technology Innovation CenterLangfangChina
| | - Bing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Dongliang Wang
- Hebei Edible Bird's Nest Fresh Stew Technology Innovation CenterLangfangChina
| | - Yixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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Ma J, Chen Z, Wu K, Lei J, Zhao L. Risk factor analysis and nomogram for predicting poor symptom control in smoking asthmatics. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:264. [PMID: 38824531 PMCID: PMC11144325 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking induces and modifies the airway immune response, accelerating the decline of asthmatics' lung function and severely affecting asthma symptoms' control level. To assess the prognosis of asthmatics who smoke and to provide reasonable recommendations for treatment, we constructed a nomogram prediction model. METHODS General and clinical data were collected from April to September 2021 from smoking asthmatics aged ≥14 years attending the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Patients were followed up regularly by telephone or outpatient visits, and their medication and follow-up visits were recorded during the 6-months follow-up visit, as well as their asthma control levels after 6 months (asthma control questionnaire-5, ACQ-5). The study employed R4.2.2 software to conduct univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify independent risk factors for 'poorly controlled asthma' (ACQ>0.75) as the outcome variable. Subsequently, a nomogram prediction model was constructed. Internal validation was used to test the reproducibility of the model. The model efficacy was evaluated using the consistency index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve. RESULTS Invitations were sent to 231 asthmatics who smoked. A total of 202 participants responded, resulting in a final total of 190 participants included in the model development. The nomogram established five independent risk factors (P<0.05): FEV1%pred, smoking index (100), comorbidities situations, medication regimen, and good or poor medication adherence. The area under curve (AUC) of the modeling set was 0.824(95%CI 0.765-0.884), suggesting that the nomogram has a high ability to distinguish poor asthma control in smoking asthmatics after 6 months. The calibration curve showed a C-index of 0.824 for the modeling set and a C-index of 0.792 for the self-validation set formed by 1000 bootstrap sampling, which means that the prediction probability of the model was consistent with reality. Decision curve analysis (DCA) of the nomogram revealed that the net benefit was higher when the risk threshold probability for poor asthma control was 4.5 - 93.9%. CONCLUSIONS FEV1%pred, smoking index (100), comorbidities situations, medication regimen, and medication adherence were identified as independent risk factors for poor asthma control after 6 months in smoking asthmatics. The nomogram established based on these findings can effectively predict relevant risk and provide clinicians with a reference to identify the poorly controlled population with smoking asthma as early as possible, and to select a better therapeutic regimen. Meanwhile, it can effectively improve the medication adherence and the degree of attention to complications in smoking asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450003, People's Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan Province, 471009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziheng Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450003, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Chen J, Liu X, Su W, Liu Z, Sun G, Yang Y, Tian M, Li J, Dong Y. Unveiling the hidden risk: paternal smoking and alcohol exposure prior to conception as independent factors for allergic rhinitis in children. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1394400. [PMID: 38873584 PMCID: PMC11172151 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1394400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Limited knowledge exists regarding the impact of paternal smoking and alcohol exposure on the development of allergic rhinitis in offspring. Our study aimed to investigate the potential association between preconception paternal smoking and alcohol exposure and the likelihood of children allergic rhinitis. Methods A retrospective case-control study of 556 prepubertal children aged 3-12 years was performed. The participants were 278 children with allergic rhinitis and 278 healthy controls matched for age and gender. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed and collected on-site, focusing on various factors related to the children's fathers, mothers, and the children themselves during the first year of life and the past 12 months, from March to October 2022. Results Multivariate analysis demonstrated that paternal smoking, paternal alcohol consumption prior to conception, paternal allergic diseases, children with a family history of allergies, maternal allergic diseases and pregnancy complications were identified as independent risk factors for allergic rhinitis in their offspring. Moreover, after considering confounding factors, it was observed that paternal smoking exceeding 5 cigarettes per day in the year preceding pregnancy and exceeding 11 years significantly elevated the likelihood of allergic rhinitis in children (OR = 2.009 and 2.479, respectively). Furthermore, the consumption of alcohol by the father at intervals of less than one month in the year prior to pregnancy and a duration of alcohol consumption exceeding 11 years prior to pregnancy are both associated with a significantly increased risk of allergic rhinitis in children (OR = 2.005 and 3.149, respectively). Conclusions Paternal smoking and alcohol consumption prior to conception contribute to an increased risk of allergic rhinitis in children, with the risk being dependent on the dosage and duration of exposure. Therefore, it is important to not only focus on personal and maternal environmental exposures when considering the occurrence risk of allergic rhinitis in children, but also to consider paternal detrimental exposures prior to conception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
- Nursing Department, Changde Vocational Technical College, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
- Department of Medical Consortium Work, Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Health Care Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenwen Su
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zixin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guoying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
| | - Yide Yang
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yunpeng Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Three Gorges University, Hubei, China
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Rudzinska-Radecka M, Bańcerowski B, Marczyński R, Mukherjee D, Sikora T, Morawska K, Mielczarek A, Moździerski M, Hajduk B, Kotowicz B. Evaluation of Salivary Biomarkers and Spirometry for Diagnosing COPD in Non-Smokers and Smokers of Polish Origin. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1206. [PMID: 38927413 PMCID: PMC11200520 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent respiratory condition with global implications. Accurate and timely diagnosis is critical; however, traditional diagnostic methods (based on spirometry) show limitations, prompting the search for predictive biomarkers and modern diagnostic techniques. This study explored the validation of COPD-related biomarkers (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, neutrophil elastase, and alpha-1 antitrypsin) in saliva. A diverse cohort, including healthy non-smokers, healthy smokers, and COPD patients of Polish origin, underwent spirometry and marker analysis. The data correlated with clinical factors, revealing noteworthy relations. Firstly, salivary biomarker levels were compared with serum concentrations, demonstrating notable positive or negative correlations, depending on the factor. Further analysis within healthy individuals revealed associations between biomarker levels, spirometry, and clinical characteristics such as age, sex, and BMI. Next, COPD patients exhibited an enhanced concentration of biomarkers compared to healthy groups. Finally, the study introduced a breathing assessment survey, unveiling significant associations between self-perceived breathing and spirometric and tested parameters. Outcomes emphasized the relevance of subjective experiences in COPD research. In conclusion, this research underscored the potential of salivary biomarkers as diagnostic tools for COPD, offering a non-invasive and accessible alternative to traditional methods. The findings paved the way for improved modern diagnostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzinska-Radecka
- Recumed Ltd., 05-092 Łomianki, Poland
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
| | | | | | - Debjita Mukherjee
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sikora
- Military Institute of Chemistry and Radiometry, 00-910 Warsaw, Poland (K.M.)
| | - Karolina Morawska
- Military Institute of Chemistry and Radiometry, 00-910 Warsaw, Poland (K.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Mielczarek
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | | | - Bogdan Hajduk
- TS Out-Patients Clinic for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases, 01-460 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Beata Kotowicz
- Cancer Biomarker and Cytokines Laboratory Unit, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
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Wang S, Yang P, Liu H, Wang Z, Hu P, Ye P, Xia J, Chen S. Assessing Causality Between Second-Hand Smoking and Potentially Associated Diseases in Multiple Systems: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Nicotine Tob Res 2024; 26:678-684. [PMID: 37788476 PMCID: PMC11109494 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The global disease burden may be exacerbated by exposure to passive smoking (SHS), with the workplace being a primary location for such exposure. Numerous epidemiological studies have identified SHS as a risk factor for diseases affecting various systems, including cardiovascular, respiratory, immune, endocrine, and nervous systems. The conventional observational study has certain methodological constraints that can be circumvented through a Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Our MR study intends to investigate the causal link between workplace exposure to SHS and the potential associated diseases. AIM AND METHODS Summary statistics data involving European participants were sourced from three databases: the UK Biobank, the FinnGen study, and the European Bioinformatics Institute. Genetic variants linked with exposure to SHS in the workplace were identified as instrumental variables. The MR was carried out using inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median methods. Sensitivity tests were also undertaken within the MR to evaluate the validity of the causality. RESULTS According to the IVW model, genetically determined atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke (p = 6.64E-04 and 5.68E-07, odds ratio = 2.030 and 2.494, 95% confidence interval = 1.350 to 3.051 and 1.743 to 3.569) were robustly associated with exposure to SHS in the workplace. Suggestive associations were found between workplace SHS and myocardial infarction (MI), asthma, and depression. CONCLUSIONS The MR study demonstrates that exposure to SHS in the workplace is a significant risk factor for AF and stroke in European individuals. Whether workplace exposure to SHS influences other diseases and the causality between them requires further exploration. IMPLICATIONS This study explored the causality between exposure to SHS in the workplace and potential associated diseases in multiple systems, including MI, AF, stroke, lung cancer, asthma, allergic disease, type 2 diabetes, and depression, using an MR study. The MR study can circumvent the methodological constraints of observational studies and establish a causal relationship. The two-sample MR analysis provides evidence supporting the causal association of frequent workplace SHS with AF and stroke. Individuals exposed to SHS in the workplace may also have a heightened risk of MI, asthma, and depression. However, whether SHS affects other diseases and the causality between them requires further investigation. To our knowledge, this is the first two-sample MR study to determine the causal relationship between SHS and potential diseases. Exposure to SHS in the workplace is a prevalent issue and may contribute to a global disease burden. The reduction of exposure following the introduction of smoke-free laws has led to a decrease in the admission rate for cardiac events and an improvement in health indicators. It is crucial to further advance smoke-free policies and their implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiwen Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Poyi Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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Kastratovic N, Markovic V, Harrell CR, Arsenijevic A, Stojanovic MD, Djonov V, Volarevic V. Effects of Combustible Cigarettes and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems on the Development and Progression of Chronic Lung Inflammation in Mice. Nicotine Tob Res 2024; 26:704-714. [PMID: 38018885 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although detrimental effects of combustible cigarettes (CCs) on the progression of lung inflammatory diseases are well known, changes in electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS)-exposed lung-infiltrated immune cells are still unrevealed. AIMS AND METHODS The analysis of blood gas parameters, descriptive and quantitative histology of lung tissues, determination of serum cytokines, intracellular staining, and flow cytometry analysis of lung-infiltrated immune cells were used to determine the differences in the extent of lung injury and inflammation between mice from experimental (CC and ENDS-exposed animals) and control groups (Air-exposed mice). RESULTS Continuous exposition to either CCs or ENDS induced severe systemic inflammatory response, increased activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in neutrophils and macrophages and enhanced dendritic cell-dependent activation of Th1 and Th17 cells in the lungs. ENDS induced less severe immune response than CCs. Serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines were significantly lower in the samples of ENDS-exposed mice. Compared to CCs, ENDS recruited lower number of circulating leukocytes in injured lungs and had less capacity to induce CD14/TLR2-dependent activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in lung-infiltrated neutrophils and macrophages. ENDS-primed dendritic cells had reduced capacity for the generation of Th1 and Th17 cell-driven lung inflammation. Accordingly, extensive immune cell-driven lung injury resulted in severe respiratory dysfunction in CCs-exposed mice, while ENDS caused moderate respiratory dysfunction in experimental animals. CONCLUSIONS Continuous exposition to either CCs or ENDS induced immune cell-driven lung damage in mice. ENDS triggered immune response, which was less potent than inflammatory response elicited by CCs and, therefore, caused less severe lung injury and inflammation. IMPLICATIONS This is the first study that compared the effects of CCs and ENDS on lung-infiltrated immune cells. Although both CCs and ENDS elicited systemic inflammatory response, immune cell-driven lung injury and inflammation were less severe in ENDS-exposed than in CC-exposed animals. Continuous exposition to ENDS-sourced aerosols was less harmful for respiratory function of experimental animals than CC-derived smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Kastratovic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Biological and Chemical Hazards Research, Department of Genetics, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Markovic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Biological and Chemical Hazards Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Aleksandar Arsenijevic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Biological and Chemical Hazards Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Valentin Djonov
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vladislav Volarevic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Biological and Chemical Hazards Research, Department of Genetics, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Biological and Chemical Hazards Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Slama N, Abdellatif A, Bahria K, Gasmi S, Khames M, Hadji A, Birkmayer G, Oumouna M, Amrani Y, Benachour K. NADH Intraperitoneal Injection Prevents Lung Inflammation in a BALB/C Mice Model of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Cells 2024; 13:881. [PMID: 38786103 PMCID: PMC11120028 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is one of the main factors in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), a respiratory syndrome marked by persistent respiratory symptoms and increasing airway obstruction. Perturbed NAD+/NADH levels may play a role in various diseases, including lung disorders like COPD. In our study, we investigated the preventive effect of NADH supplementation in an experimental model of COPD induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE). N = 64 mice randomly distributed in eight groups were injected with NADH (two doses of 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg) or dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) before being exposed to CSE for up to 9 weeks. Additionally, NADH supplementation preserved lung antioxidant defenses by preventing the functional loss of key enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase, and the expression levels of glutathione (GSH) (n = 4, p < 0.001). It also reduced oxidative damage markers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrites (n = 4, p < 0.001). A marked increase in tissue myeloperoxidase activity was assessed (MPO), confirming neutrophils implication in the inflammatory process. The latter was significantly ameliorated in the NADH-treated groups (p < 0.001). Finally, NADH prevented the CSE-induced secretion of cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-17, and IFN-y (n = 4, p < 0.001). Our study shows, for the first time, the clinical potential of NADH supplementation in preventing key features of COPD via its unique anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Slama
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Dr. Yahia Fares University, Medea 26000, Algeria; (N.S.); (A.A.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.K.); (A.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Amina Abdellatif
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Dr. Yahia Fares University, Medea 26000, Algeria; (N.S.); (A.A.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.K.); (A.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Karima Bahria
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Dr. Yahia Fares University, Medea 26000, Algeria; (N.S.); (A.A.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.K.); (A.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Sara Gasmi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Dr. Yahia Fares University, Medea 26000, Algeria; (N.S.); (A.A.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.K.); (A.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Maamar Khames
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Dr. Yahia Fares University, Medea 26000, Algeria; (N.S.); (A.A.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.K.); (A.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Abderrahmene Hadji
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Dr. Yahia Fares University, Medea 26000, Algeria; (N.S.); (A.A.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.K.); (A.H.); (M.O.)
| | - George Birkmayer
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Graz, 8020 Graz, Austria
- Birkmayer Laboratories, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mustapha Oumouna
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Dr. Yahia Fares University, Medea 26000, Algeria; (N.S.); (A.A.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.K.); (A.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Yassine Amrani
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, Institute of Lung Health and NIHR Leicester BRC-Respiratory, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;
| | - Karine Benachour
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Dr. Yahia Fares University, Medea 26000, Algeria; (N.S.); (A.A.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.K.); (A.H.); (M.O.)
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20
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Seo J, Gaddis NC, Patchen BK, Xu J, Barr RG, O'Connor G, Manichaikul AW, Gharib SA, Dupuis J, North KE, Cassano PA, Hancock DB. Exploiting meta-analysis of genome-wide interaction with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D to identify novel genetic loci associated with pulmonary function. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:1227-1237. [PMID: 38484975 PMCID: PMC11130669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in serum has a positive association with pulmonary function. Investigating genome-wide interactions with 25(OH)D may reveal new biological insights into pulmonary function. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify novel genetic variants associated with pulmonary function by accounting for 25(OH)D interactions. METHODS We included 211,264 participants from the observational United Kingdom Biobank study with pulmonary function tests (PFTs), genome-wide genotypes, and 25(OH)D concentrations from 4 ancestral backgrounds-European, African, East Asian, and South Asian. Among PFTs, we focused on forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) because both were previously associated with 25(OH)D. We performed genome-wide association study (GWAS) analyses that accounted for variant×25(OH)D interaction using the joint 2 degree-of-freedom (2df) method, stratified by participants' smoking history and ancestry, and meta-analyzed results. We evaluated interaction effects to determine how variant-PFT associations were modified by 25(OH)D concentrations and conducted pathway enrichment analysis to examine the biological relevance of our findings. RESULTS Our GWAS meta-analyses, accounting for interaction with 25(OH)D, revealed 30 genetic variants significantly associated with FEV1 or FVC (P2df <5.00×10-8) that were not previously reported for PFT-related traits. These novel variant signals were enriched in lung function-relevant pathways, including the p38 MAPK pathway. Among variants with genome-wide-significant 2df results, smoking-stratified meta-analyses identified 5 variants with 25(OH)D interactions that influenced FEV1 in both smoking groups (never smokers P1df interaction<2.65×10-4; ever smokers P1df interaction<1.71×10-5); rs3130553, rs2894186, rs79277477, and rs3130929 associations were only evident in never smokers, and the rs4678408 association was only found in ever smokers. CONCLUSION Genetic variant associations with lung function can be modified by 25(OH)D, and smoking history can further modify variant×25(OH)D interactions. These results expand the known genetic architecture of pulmonary function and add evidence that gene-environment interactions, including with 25(OH)D and smoking, influence lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungkyun Seo
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Nathan C Gaddis
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Bonnie K Patchen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Jiayi Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - R Graham Barr
- Divisions of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - George O'Connor
- Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ani W Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Computational Medicine Core, Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Patricia A Cassano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, United States
| | - Dana B Hancock
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
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21
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Alhazani FA, Alsultan AS, Alshehri RF, Alayed FT, Alhussini FO, Albalawi AM, AlZamel SM, Al-Ghanem MK, Alhuzaim WM. How Did COVID-19 Impact Smoking Habits in the Saudi Community? Cureus 2024; 16:e61243. [PMID: 38939304 PMCID: PMC11210680 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/aims Most countries have gone through lockdowns to varying degrees during the COVID-19 pandemic to reduce the spread of the disease. The successive pandemic waves have impacted the health system, imposing restrictions set by the government. This changed people's daily life routines and they felt more socially isolated, which in turn had an impact on their mental health. Some factors were linked to the severity and outcome of COVID-19 on patients. One of these factors was smoking. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and impact of lockdown on smoking habits, as well as the changes in attitudes, behavior, and the rate of consumption before and after the government restrictions in the general population of Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 921 participants from the general population of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected via an online questionnaire. A structured self-response questionnaire was given to the participants after institutional research ethical approval was obtained for the study. Results A total of 921 participants from the smoker population of Saudi Arabia were included in the study. The majority of participants were male (72.9%), and more than half were aged between 18 and 34 years (53.7%). Single individuals had a higher prevalence of increased smoking and a lower rate of quitting compared to married individuals. Participants with higher education levels were more likely to continue smoking at the same rate. While 40.5% of participants reported no change in their smoking rate during the pandemic, 15.4% reported a decrease, 39.0% reported an increase, and 5.1% reported quitting smoking. Participants who reported feeling more stressed during the pandemic had a higher prevalence of increased smoking. The majority of participants believed that smoking increased the risk of COVID-19 infection. Conclusion The study highlights the need for targeted smoking cessation interventions and support services during the pandemic, considering demographic factors, living arrangements, and psychological impact. Efforts should be made to raise awareness about the negative health consequences of smoking during the pandemic and provide resources for stress management and alternative coping strategies. These findings have important implications for public health interventions and policies in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal A Alhazani
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Riyadh F Alshehri
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Faisal T Alayed
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Firas O Alhussini
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Sulaiman M AlZamel
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Waleed M Alhuzaim
- Department of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
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22
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Parwanto E, Tjahyadi D, Sisca S, Amalia H, Hairunisa N, Edy HJ, Oladimeji AV, Djebli N. Low Doses of Kretek Cigarette Smoke Altered Rat Lung Histometric, and Overexpression of the p53 Gene. Open Respir Med J 2024; 18:e18743064285619. [PMID: 39130649 PMCID: PMC11311747 DOI: 10.2174/0118743064285619240327055359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The components of kretek cigarettes include tobacco as the main part, clove, and sauce. Filtered kretek cigarettes are kretek cigarettes that have one end filtered. Cigarette smoke contributes to the disruption of the respiratory system, so it is necessary to know the effect of low doses of cigarette smoke on changes in the histometric of the respiratory system, and whether it affects p53 gene expression. This study aims to determine changes in the histometric of the respiratory system and p53 gene expression. Methods In this study, we used Sprague-Dawley rats. Group I of rats breathing normal air, were not exposed to filtered kretek cigarette smoke (as a control). Group II of rats, as a treatment group, were exposed to filtered kretek cigarette smoke 1 stick/day for 3 months. The results of lung histometry measurements and p53 gene expression between groups were analyzed using the Independent Sample T-test. The difference between groups is significant if the test results show P < 0.05. Results Bronchioles length, width, area, and perimeter in group I were 40.55±1.57 μm, 14.82±0.41 μm, 494.61±5.62 μm2, and 233.87±4.51 μm, respectively. Bronchioles length, width, area, and perimeter in group II were 30.76±0.78 μm, 9.28±0.40 μm, 297.32±2.53 μm2, and 177.84±5.15 μm, respectively. The area and perimeter of respiratory bronchioles in group I were 17.68±0.49 μm2, and 26.60±0.52 μm respectively, while those in group II were 19.28±0.35 μm2, and 29.28±0.35 μm, respectively. Mucus was found in the bronchioles and respiratory bronchioles in group II, however, there was no visible mucus observed in group I. In addition, it was also concluded that exposure to low doses of filtered kretek cigarette smoke, 1 cigarette/day for 3 months, increased the expression of the p53 gene in the lungs of rats. Conclusion The size of bronchioles in rats decreased after being exposed to filtered kretek cigarette smoke 1 stick/day for 3 months, while the size of respiratory bronchioles increased. In addition, exposure to filtered kretek cigarette smoke increased the expression of the p53 gene in the rat lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edy Parwanto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Jl. Kyai Tapa, Kampus B, No.260 Grogol 11440, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - David Tjahyadi
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sisca Sisca
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Jl. Kyai Tapa, Kampus B, No.260 Grogol 11440, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Husnun Amalia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nany Hairunisa
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hosea Jaya Edy
- Study Program of Pharmacy, Faculty of Math, and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Indonesia
| | | | - Noureddine Djebli
- Department of Biologie, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, Algeria
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Zhang J, Wurzel DF, Perret JL, Lodge CJ, Walters EH, Dharmage SC. Chronic Bronchitis in Children and Adults: Definitions, Pathophysiology, Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Consequences. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2413. [PMID: 38673686 PMCID: PMC11051495 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex nature of chronic bronchitis (CB) and changing definitions have contributed to challenges in understanding its aetiology and burden. In children, CB is characterised by persistent airway inflammation often linked to bacterial infections and is therefore termed "protracted bacterial bronchitis" (PBB). Longitudinal studies suggest that CB in childhood persists into adulthood in a subgroup. It can also be associated with future chronic respiratory diseases including asthma, bronchiectasis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Adult CB is traditionally associated with smoking, occupational exposures, and lower socioeconomic status. The interplay between risk factors, childhood CB, adult CB, and other chronic respiratory diseases is intricate, requiring comprehensive longitudinal studies for a clearer understanding of the natural history of CB across the lifespan. Such longitudinal studies have been scarce to date given the logistic challenges of maintaining them over time. In this review, we summarise current evidence on the evolution of the definitions, pathophysiology, risk factors, and consequences of childhood and adulthood chronic bronchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia; (J.Z.); (D.F.W.); (J.L.P.); (C.J.L.); (E.H.W.)
| | - Danielle F. Wurzel
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia; (J.Z.); (D.F.W.); (J.L.P.); (C.J.L.); (E.H.W.)
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Jennifer L. Perret
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia; (J.Z.); (D.F.W.); (J.L.P.); (C.J.L.); (E.H.W.)
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep (IBAS), Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Caroline J. Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia; (J.Z.); (D.F.W.); (J.L.P.); (C.J.L.); (E.H.W.)
| | - E. Haydn Walters
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia; (J.Z.); (D.F.W.); (J.L.P.); (C.J.L.); (E.H.W.)
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Shyamali C. Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia; (J.Z.); (D.F.W.); (J.L.P.); (C.J.L.); (E.H.W.)
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Kaur M, Malik J, Naura AS. Guggulsterone protects against cigarette smoke-induced COPD linked lung inflammation. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01265-1. [PMID: 38609738 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01265-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Recently, we have shown that guggulsterone is the principal constituent responsible for protective effects of Commiphora wightii against elastase-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-linked inflammation/emphysema. Given that cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is a primary risk factor for COPD and beneficial effects of guggulsterone have not been investigated in CS-induced COPD-linked lung inflammation. The present work was designed to validate the potential of guggulsterone in amelioration of COPD-linked lung inflammation by using a CS-based mouse model of the condition. Male BALB/c mice were exposed to 9 cigarettes/day with 1 h interval for 4 days daily. Guggulsterone was administered daily at a dose of 10 mg/kg orally for 4 consecutive days, 1 h before initiation of CS exposure. Mice were subjected to measurement of lung function followed by procurement of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)/lung tissue. BALF was analyzed for inflammatory cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Lung tissue was subjected to RT-PCR for gene expression analysis. Data showed that CS exposure resulted in a significant increase in total BALF cells, predominantly neutrophils, and macrophages. Interestingly, guggulsterone administration significantly blunted CS-induced inflammation as reflected by reduced neutrophil and macrophage count. Further, the compound inhibited CS-induced gene expression of pro-inflammatory mediators TNF-α/ IL-1β/ G-CSF/and KC in lungs along with the production of pro-inflammatory mediators TNF-α/ IL-1β/ IL-6/ G-CSF/ KC/and MCP-1 in BALF. Further, guggulsterone improved the lung function parameters upon CS exposure. Analysis of mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 suggests that guggulsterone may restore the fine balance between matrix-degrading proteases and its inhibitor in lung tissue upon CS exposure, which may contribute in the development of emphysema at later stages. Overall, our data show that guggulsterone protects against CS-induced COPD-linked lung inflammation by modulating relevant molecular players. Based on the potential effects of guggulsterone in the amelioration of CS-induced lung inflammation, we speculate that guggulsterone might alter chronic CS-induced emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Jai Malik
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Amarjit S Naura
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Chatzopoulos GS, Jiang Z, Marka N, Wolff LF. Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Systemic Conditions: An Exploratory Study. Int Dent J 2024; 74:207-215. [PMID: 37833208 PMCID: PMC10988265 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although systemic medical conditions are associated with periodontitis and tooth loss, large-scale studies that include less prevalent systemic conditions are needed. The purpose of the study was to investigate the link between periodontal disease and tooth loss with systemic medical conditions in a large and diverse population. METHODS Dental charts of adult patients who had attended the dental clinics seeking dental therapy of the universities contributing data to the BigMouth network and accepted the protocol of the study were included. Dental Procedure Codes and Current Procedural Terminology procedures were utilised to identify patients with and without periodontitis. Data were extracted from patients' electronic health records including demographic characteristics, dental procedural codes, and self-reported medical conditions as well as the number of missing teeth. RESULTS A total of 108,307 records were ultimately included in the analysis; 42,377 of them included a diagnosis of periodontitis. The median age of the included population was 47.0 years, and 55.2% were female. Older and male individuals were significantly more likely to be in the periodontitis group and have higher number of missing teeth. A number of systemic conditions are associated with periodontitis and a higher number of missing teeth. High blood pressure, smoking, drug use, and diabetes were all found to be significant. Other significant conditions were anaemia, lymphoma, glaucoma, dialysis, bronchitis, sinusitis hepatitis, and asthma. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this retrospective study that utilised the BigMouth dental data repository, the association of a number of systemic conditions such as smoking, diabetes, and hypertension with periodontitis and tooth loss has been confirmed. Additional connections have been highlighted for conditions that are not commonly reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios S Chatzopoulos
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Ziou Jiang
- Biostatistical Design and Analysis Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nicholas Marka
- Biostatistical Design and Analysis Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Larry F Wolff
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Nuszkiewicz J, Wróblewska J, Budek M, Czuczejko J, Woźniak A, Maruszak-Parda M, Szewczyk-Golec K. Exploring the Link between Inflammatory Biomarkers and Head and Neck Cancer: Understanding the Impact of Smoking as a Cancer-Predisposing Factor. Biomedicines 2024; 12:748. [PMID: 38672104 PMCID: PMC11048483 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is associated with significant morbidity globally, with smoking recognized as a key risk factor. This study investigates the interplay between smoking and inflammatory biomarkers in HNC development. The study involved 50 HNC patients, divided into smoking and non-smoking groups, and a control group of 30 healthy individuals. Serum levels of 48 cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and other inflammatory markers were meticulously assessed. Significant differences in the levels of an extensive panel of inflammatory markers were observed between the patient groups and healthy controls. Elevated macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in both HNC groups implicated increased activity in pathways known for immunomodulation, proliferation, and angiogenesis during HNC cancerogenesis. In contrast, non-smokers with HNC demonstrated higher levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interleukin 15 (IL-15), suggesting a more robust immune response. Platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) levels were particularly high in smokers with HNC. Smoking seems to alter the levels of crucial biomarkers in HNC, potentially affecting disease progression and responses to treatment. The data indicate that smokers may experience a more aggressive cancer phenotype, while non-smokers maintain a profile suggestive of a more active and effective immune response against HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Joanna Wróblewska
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Marlena Budek
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Jolanta Czuczejko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Curie Skłodowskiej St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Oncology Centre Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, 2 Dr I. Romanowskiej St., 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Marta Maruszak-Parda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Oncology Centre Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, 2 Dr I. Romanowskiej St., 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Karolina Szewczyk-Golec
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
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Wu C, Hu X, Jiang Y, Tang J, Ge H, Deng S, Li X, Feng J. Involvement of ERK and Oxidative Stress in Airway Exposure to Cadmium Chloride Aggravates Airway Inflammation in Ovalbumin-Induced Asthmatic Mice. TOXICS 2024; 12:235. [PMID: 38668459 PMCID: PMC11054730 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Inhalation represents a significant route of cadmium (Cd) exposure, which is associated with an elevated risk of lung diseases. This research study aims to evaluate the impact of repeated low-dose cadmium inhalation on exacerbating airway inflammation induced by ovalbumin (OVA) in asthma-afflicted mice. Mice were grouped into four categories: control (Ctrl), OVA, cadmium chloride (CdCl2), and OVA + cadmium chloride (OVA + CdCl2). Mice in the OVA group displayed increased airway mucus secretion and peribronchial and airway inflammation characterized by eosinophil cell infiltration, along with elevated levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs). These parameters were further exacerbated in the OVA + CdCl2 group. Additionally, the OVA + CdCl2 group exhibited higher levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA), greater activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and higher phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) in lung tissue. Treatment with U0126 (an ERK inhibitor) and α-tocopherol (an antioxidant) in the OVA + CdCl2 group resulted in reduced peribronchial and airway inflammation as well as decreased airway mucus secretion. These findings indicate that CdCl2 exacerbates airway inflammation in OVA-induced allergic asthma mice following airway exposure. ERK and oxidative stress are integral to this process, and the inhibition of these pathways significantly alleviates the adverse effects of CdCl2 on asthma exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chendong Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Jiale Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Huan Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Shuanglinzi Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Xiaozhao Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Juntao Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
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Wang Q, Goracci C, Sundar IK, Rahman I. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure exaggerates bleomycin-induced collagen overexpression during pulmonary fibrogenesis. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:9. [PMID: 38509574 PMCID: PMC10956237 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is known to cause lung inflammatory and injurious responses. Smoke exposure is associated with the pathobiology related to lung fibrosis, whereas the mechanism that ETS exposure augments pulmonary fibrogenesis is unclear. We hypothesized that ETS exposure could exacerbate fibrotic responses via collagen dynamic dysregulation and complement activation. C57BL/6J and p16-3MR mice were exposed to ETS followed by bleomycin administration. ETS exposure exacerbated bleomycin-induced collagen and lysyl oxidase overexpression in the fibrotic lesion. ETS exposure also led to augmented bleomycin-induced upregulation of C3 and C3AR, which are pro-fibrotic markers. Moreover, overexpressed collagens and C3 levels were highly significant in males than females. The old mice (17 months old) were exposed to ETS and treated with bleomycin to induce fibrogenesis which is considered as an aging-associated disease. Fewer gene and protein dysregulations trends were identified between ETS exposure with the bleomycin group and the bleomycin alone group in old mice. Based on our findings, we suggested that ETS exposure increases the risk of developing severe lung fibrotic responses via collagen overexpression and lysyl oxidase-mediated collagen stabilization in the fibrotic lesion, and potentially affected the complement system activation induced by bleomycin. Further, male mice were more susceptible than females during fibrogenesis exacerbation. Thus ETS and bleomycin induced lung fibrotic changes via collagen-lysyl oxidase in an age-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Wang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Chiara Goracci
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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Willim HA, Munthe EL, Vanto Y, Sani AA. Risk factors for re-expansion pulmonary edema following chest tube drainage in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2024; 16:1-7. [PMID: 38584660 PMCID: PMC10997976 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.32871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Re-expansion pulmonary edema (RPE) is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication that can occur after rapid lung expansion following the management of lung collapse. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the risk factors for RPE following chest tube drainage in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax. We conducted a comprehensive systematic literature search in electronic databases of PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest to identify studies that explore the risk factors for RPE following chest tube drainage in spontaneous pneumothorax. Pooled odds ratios (OR) or weighted mean differences (WMD) were calculated to evaluate the risk factors. Statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.3 software. Five studies involving 1.093 spontaneous pneumothorax patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis showed that the following risk factors were significantly associated with increased risk of RPE following chest tube drainage: the presence smoking history (OR=1.94, 95% CI: 1.22-3.10, P=0.005, I2=0%), longer duration of symptoms (WMD=3.76, 95% CI: 2.07-5.45, P<0.0001, I2=30%), and larger size of pneumothorax (WMD=16.76, 95% CI: 8.88-24.64, P<0.0001, I2=78%). Age, sex, and location of pneumothorax had no significant association. In patients with spontaneous pneumothorax, the presence of smoking history, longer duration of symptoms, and larger size of pneumothorax increase the risk of development of RPE following chest tube drainage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herick Alvenus Willim
- Dr. Agoesdjam Regional Public Hospital, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Eva Lydia Munthe
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Dr. Agoesdjam Regional Public Hospital, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Yoni Vanto
- Department of Surgery, Dr. Agoesdjam Regional Public Hospital, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Alvin Ariyanto Sani
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Dr. Soedarso Regional Public Hospital, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
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Li L, Gong Y, Hou D, Song Y, Bi J, Li M, Han J, Song Y, She J. Contribution of small airway inflammation to the development of COPD. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:116. [PMID: 38443860 PMCID: PMC10916214 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02911-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little attention has been paid to the pathophysiological changes in the natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The destructions of the small airways were visualized on thoracic micro-computed tomography scan. We investigated whether small airway inflammation (SAI) was the risk for the development of COPD. METHODS A total of 1062 patients were enrolled and analyzed in the study. The partitioned airway inflammation was determined by exhaled nitric oxide (NO) of FnNO, FeNO50, FeNO200, and calculated CaNOdual. Both FeNO200 and CaNOdual were compared to detect the promising predictor for peripheral airway/alveolar inflammation in COPD. The correlation between exhaled NO and white cell classification was evaluated to determine the inflammation type during the development of COPD. RESULTS Exhaled NO levels (FnNO, FeNO50, FeNO200, and CaNOdual) were the highest in the COPD group compared with all other groups. Furthermore, compared with controls, exhaled NO levels (FeNO50, FeNO200, and CaNOdual) were also significantly higher in the emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and smoking groups. FeNO200 was found to be a promising predictor for peripheral airway/alveolar inflammation (area under the curve [AUC] of the receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve, area under the curve [AUC] = 0.841) compared with CaNOdual (AUC ROC = 0.707) in COPD. FeNO200 was the main risk factor (adjusted odds ratio, 2.191; 95% CI, 1.797-2.671; p = 0.002) for the development of COPD. The blood eosinophil and basophil levels were correlated with FeNO50 and FeNO200. CONCLUSION The complete airway inflammations were shown in COPD, whereas SAI was the main risk factor for the development of COPD, which might relate to eosinophil and basophil levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying Gong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dongni Hou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yijun Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jing Bi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Junjie Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jun She
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Truong LN, Wilson Santos E, Zheng YM, Wang YX. Rieske Iron-Sulfur Protein Mediates Pulmonary Hypertension Following Nicotine/Hypoxia Coexposure. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:193-202. [PMID: 38029303 PMCID: PMC10914767 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0181oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be due to pulmonary hypertension (PH). These diseases are highly associated with cigarette smoke and its key component nicotine. Here, we created a novel animal model of PH using coexposure to nicotine (or cigarette smoke) and hypoxia. This heretofore unreported model showed significant early-onset pulmonary vasoremodeling and PH. Using newly generated mice with complementary smooth muscle-specific Rieske iron-sulfur protein (RISP) gene knockout and overexpression, we demonstrate that RISP is critically involved in promoting pulmonary vasoremodeling and PH, which are implemented by oxidative ataxia telangiectasia-mutated-mediated DNA damage and NF-κB-dependent inflammation in a reciprocal positive mechanism. Together, our findings establish for the first time an animal model of hypoxia-induced early-onset PH in which mitochondrial RISP-dependent DNA damage and NF-κB inflammation play critical roles in vasoremodeling. Specific therapeutic targets for RISP and related oxidative stress-associated signaling pathways may create unique and effective treatments for PH, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and their complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian N Truong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Ed Wilson Santos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
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Ma G, Tian Y, Zi J, Hu Y, Li H, Zeng Y, Luo H, Xiong J. Systemic inflammation mediates the association between environmental tobacco smoke and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2009-2018. J Affect Disord 2024; 348:152-159. [PMID: 38158048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is associated with both environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and inflammation. However, whether systemic inflammation mediates the ETS-depression relationship is unclear. METHODS We analyzed 19,612 participants from the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (representing approximately 206,284,711 USA individuals), utilizing data of depressive symptoms (assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire-9), blood cotinine level (an ETS biomarker), dietary inflammatory index (DII, assessed by 24-h dietary recall) and inflammation, represented by immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI). RESULTS Weighted multivariable logistic regression showed that a higher blood cotinine level is significantly associated with a higher depressive symptoms risk (OR = 1.79, 1.35-2.38). After adjusting for covariates, the effect in smokers (OR = 1.220, 95 % CI: 1.140-1.309) is larger than that in non-smokers (OR = 1.150, 95 % CI: 1.009-1.318). Compared to the lowest level, depressive symptoms risks in participants with the highest level of SII, SIRI and DII are 19 % (OR = 1.19, 1.05-1.35), 15 % (OR = 1.15, 1.01-1.31) and 88 % (OR = 1.88, 1.48-2.39) higher, respectively. Weighted linear regression demonstrated positive correlations of SII (β = 0.004, 0.001-0.006), SIRI (β = 0.009, 0.005-0.012) and DII (β = 0.213, 0.187-0.240) with blood cotinine level. Restricted cubic splines model showed a linear dose-response relationship between blood cotinine and depressive symptoms (Pnon-linear = 0.410), with decreasing risk for lower DII. And SII and SIRI respectively mediate 0.21 % and 0.1 % of the association between blood cotinine and depressive symptoms. LIMITATION Cross-sectional design, and lack of medication data for depression. CONCLUSIONS Positive association of ETS (blood cotinine) with depressive symptoms risk is partly mediated by systemic inflammation, and anti-inflammatory diet could be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochen Ma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Zi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yifan Hu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haoqi Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yaxian Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hang Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingyuan Xiong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Yue XA, Sheng Y, Li J. Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 13:1-11. [PMID: 38496359 PMCID: PMC10944362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is marked by both lung-related and systemic symptoms, notably chronic inflammation. Despite pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) being a critical treatment for COPD, its influence on systemic inflammation remains unclear. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess PR's effect on circulating inflammatory markers in COPD patients. We systematically reviewed databases like PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science to select randomized controlled trials and observational studies that investigated the impact of PR on systemic inflammation. We calculated the mean differences (MD) in inflammatory markers before and after PR using a random-effects model and assessed the risk of bias with established tools. Our study included six investigations (four RCTs, two observational) with 147 COPD patients. Our findings show notable increases in IL-6 (MD 0.44, 95% CI 0.17-0.70, P = 0.001), CRP (MD 0.56, 95% CI 0.31-0.81, P<0.00001), and TNF-alpha (MD 0.41, 95% CI 0.12-0.70, P = 0.005) following PR. However, sensitivity analysis pinpointed the study by El-Kader et al. as a key influence on these results. Excluding this study led to nonsignificant changes. Thus, our meta-analysis uncovers an unanticipated rise in inflammatory markers post-PR in COPD patients, questioning the assumed anti-inflammatory benefits of PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Alex Yue
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Yilan Sheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
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Zhang S, Gao Z, Wu L, Zhong Y, Gao H, Tao FB, Wu X. Global patterns of asthma burden related to environmental risk factors during 1990-2019: an age-period-cohort analysis for global burden of disease study 2019. Environ Health 2024; 23:20. [PMID: 38355550 PMCID: PMC10868053 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Change in asthma burden attributed to specific environmental risk factor has not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the age, period, and cohort effects on asthma burden attributable to smoking and occupational asthmagens in different socio-demographic index (SDI) regions and the region and sex disparities. METHODS Risk factor-specific asthma deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates were extracted from Global Burden of Disease study 2019, estimated by standard Combined Cause of Death Model and DisMod-MR 2.1 modeling tool. Age-period-cohort analysis was conducted to decompose age, period, and cohort effects on asthma burden. RESULTS Smoking- and occupational asthmagens-related asthma deaths and DALYs rates dropped by > 45% during 1990-2019. In 2019, Africa, South and Southeast Asia had higher asthma burden than other regions. Male had higher asthma burden than female. Among nearly all age groups, low-middle SDI region had the highest smoking-related asthma burden, and low SDI region had the highest occupational asthmagens-related asthma burden. Inverse "V" shaped trend was observed in the above regions with increasing age. For smoking-related asthma deaths and DALYs rates, the most significant improvement of period rate ratio (RR) occurred in high SDI region, decreased from 1.67 (1.61, 1.74) to 0.34 (0.33, 0.36) and 1.61 (1.57, 1.66) to 0.59 (0.57, 0.61), respectively, as well as the cohort effect on smoking-related asthma burden. For occupational asthmagens-related asthma deaths and DALYs rates, the most sharply decrease of period and cohort RR appeared in the high and high-middle SDI regions. Low SDI region showed least progress in period and cohort RR of smoking- and occupational asthmagens-linked asthma burden. CONCLUSION Smoking- and occupational asthmagens-related asthma burden sharply decreases, but region and sex disparities exist. Policy makers from low SDI region should reinforce tobacco control and prioritize workplace protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zongshi Gao
- The First Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Lihong Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yumei Zhong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xiulong Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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Jin F, Fan P, Wu Y, Yang Q, Li J, Liu H. Efficacy and Mechanisms of Natural Products as Therapeutic Interventions for Chronic Respiratory Diseases. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:57-88. [PMID: 38353634 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases are long-term conditions affecting the airways and other lung components that are characterized by a high prevalence, disability rate, and mortality rate. Further optimization of their treatment is required. Natural products, primarily extracted from organisms, possess specific molecular and structural formulas as well as distinct chemical and physical properties. These characteristics grant them the advantages of safety, gentleness, accessibility, and minimal side effects. The numerous advances in the use of natural products for treating chronic respiratory diseases have provided a steady source of motivation for new drug research and development. In this paper, we introduced the pathogenesis of chronic respiratory diseases and natural products. Furthermore, we classified natural products according to their mechanism for treating chronic respiratory diseases and describe the ways in which these products can alleviate the pathological symptoms. Simultaneously, we elaborate on the signal transduction pathways and biological impacts of natural products' targeting. Additionally, we present future prospects for natural products, considering their combination treatment approaches and administration methods. The significance of this review extends to both the research on preventing and treating chronic respiratory diseases, as well as the advancement of novel drug development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanli Jin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Pengbei Fan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhen Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC) Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Han Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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Wen C, Yu Z, Wang J, Deng Q, Deng J, Sun Z, Ye Q, Ye Z, Qin K, Peng X. Inhalation of Citrus Reticulata essential oil alleviates airway inflammation and emphysema in COPD rats through regulation of macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117407. [PMID: 37981111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease. Citrus Reticulata peel, the dried ripe peel of Citrus Reticulata species, has been found to have anti-inflammatory and cough attenuation effects. However, the therapeutic effects and its precise underlying mechanisms of atomizing inhalation using Citrus Reticulata essential oil (CREO) have not yet been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic effects of Citrus Reticulata essential oil and its associated anti-inflammatory mechanisms in COPD rat model. METHODS A total of 80 SD rats were randomized into four groups: control group (Con), COPD model group (COPD), COPD + ipratropium bromide (IB), and COPD + citrus reticulata essential oil (CREO). To induce COPD in rats, cigarette smoke (CS) exposure was used, while CREO and IB groups were administered through atomizing inhalation. The clinical signs, pathological lesions of the lung, percentages of antigen-presenting lung macrophages (CD11b/c+/CD86+ cells) and CD8+ T cells, and the content and mRNA expression of cytokines of the lung were analyzed. RESULTS The findings revealed that atomizing inhalation of Citrus reticulata essential oil had therapeutic effects on COPD rats. The treatment resulted in improvement in the body weight and mental status of COPD rats, reduced pathological injury of the lung, and increased proportion of CD11b/c+/CD86+ cells in lung macrophages, while also decreasing the number of CD8+ T cells. In addition, the Citrus Reticulata essential oil reduced the contents of IL-18, IL-17A, IL-12p70, and GM-CSF, downregulated the relative mRNA expression of IFN-γ, IL-4, and MMP-12, and upregulated the mRNA expression of IL-10. CONCLUSIONS Citrus reticulata essential oil can alleviate histological injury of the lung and regulate macrophages and CD8+ T cells in COPD rats. The study suggests that citrus reticulata essential oil could be a potential therapeutic agent for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Wen
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Zhengqiang Yu
- Department of Technology, Sichuan Youngster Technology Co., Ltd, No. 733, Furong Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Culture and Education, Tianfu College of Swufe, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Qing Deng
- Department of Technology, Sichuan Youngster Technology Co., Ltd, No. 733, Furong Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jiajia Deng
- Department of Technology, Sichuan Youngster Technology Co., Ltd, No. 733, Furong Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhenhua Sun
- Department of Technology, Sichuan Youngster Technology Co., Ltd, No. 733, Furong Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiaobo Ye
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Zhen Ye
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Kaihua Qin
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xi Peng
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, China.
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Yamada M, Nakazawa M. Status of home-based secondhand smoke exposure among children and its association with health risks in Japan. Prev Med Rep 2024; 38:102585. [PMID: 38283957 PMCID: PMC10818243 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives In Japan, secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in children has changed with increased heated tobacco products (HTPs) and electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) use. We clarified the status of home-based SHS exposure among children, including HTPs and e-cigs, as well as maternal perceptions on SHS avoidance and examined its association with health risks. Methods This cross-sectional questionnaire-survey-based study included 379 mothers who were raising children aged < 5 years. Results We found that 31.1 % of the children had home-based SHS exposure, with widespread HTP and e-cig use among smoking mothers and family members (74.2 % and 67.0 %, respectively). Significantly (p < 0.05), HTP and cigarettes were used in the kitchen and gardens/balconies, and maternal perceptions of child SHS-exposure avoidance were lower among smokers than non-smokers. Non-smoking mothers also had low perceptions of smoking on balconies and having immediate post-smoking contact with their children (27.6 % and 27.9 %, respectively). Most non-smoking mothers (76.4 %) reported that they do not encourage family members to quit smoking. The structural equation model showed that the presence of smoking at home and low maternal perceptions was correlated with SHS-related child health risks, including respiratory diseases, otitis media, and dental caries. Conclusions HTP and e-cig use in the household has been rapidly increasing even among mothers and family members, and the presence of smokers at home and low maternal perceptions may be associated with child health risks. Increasing the maternal awareness of the child health risks of home-based SHS, including HTPs and e-cigs, along with continued smoking-cessation support involving mothers and families, is indispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Yamada
- Kobe Graduate School of Health Sciences, Japan
- Kobe City College of Nursing, Japan
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Lee HM, Shih PC, Wei JCC. Comment on Shao et al.'s "Risk factors associated with COVID-19 pneumonia in Chinese patients with pre-existing interstitial lung disease during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic". J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29383. [PMID: 38180246 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Ming Lee
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Shih
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Zhang H, Chang Q, Yang H, Yu H, Chen L, Zhao Y, Xia Y. Life's Essential 8, genetic predisposition, and risk of incident adult-onset asthma: a prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:100-107. [PMID: 37992969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult-onset asthma (AOA) and cardiovascular diseases shared common risk factors and similar pathophysiologic resemblances. The American Heart Association (AHA) unveiled the life's essential 8 (LE8) to promote cardiovascular health (CVH). This study aimed to assess the overall impact of LE8 implementation on AOA prevention. METHODS According to the guideline of AHA's Construct of CVH in 2022, LE8 score was calculated from 8 health status concerning diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to estimate effect sizes of associations between CVH, asthma genetic risk, and risk of incident AOA in participants selected from the UK Biobank study. RESULTS A total of 6180 incident AOA cases occurred in 249,713 participants during an average of 11.60 y' follow-up. A higher LE8 score was associated with a lower risk of incident AOA with a significant linear trend (P < 0.0001). Every standard deviation increment of LE8 was associated with a 17% (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.85) lower risk of incident AOA. Compared with participants with low-CVH score, participants with moderate (HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.78) and high CVH scores (HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.58) were associated with a lower risk of incident AOA (P-trend < 0.0001). No significant multiplicative or additive interaction was found between LE8 score and genetic risks. Stratified analysis showed a consistent association between CVH and risk of incident AOA across different asthma polygenic risk score (PRS) levels. Compared with participants with high PRS and low CVH, participants with low PRS and high CVH experienced the lowest risk (HR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.34) of incident AOA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that maintaining optimal CVH should be recommended as a preventive strategy for AOA, regardless of their asthma genetic risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hehua Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Honghao Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Huixin Yu
- Data Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yang Xia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
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Mahabee-Gittens EM, Matt GE, Mazzella MJ, Doucette JT, Ratnani P, Merianos AL. Inflammatory marker levels in children with tobacco smoke exposure. Cytokine 2024; 173:156448. [PMID: 37980882 PMCID: PMC10843711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) has inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects which may be associated with altered levels of inflammatory markers and pediatric illnesses. OBJECTIVE The primary objective was to examine the associations of cotinine-confirmed and parent-reported child TSE patterns and discharge diagnoses with C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-8, and IL-10 in 0-11-year-old pediatric emergency department (PED) patients who lived with ≥ 1 smoker. METHODS Saliva samples were obtained from 115 children with a mean (SD) age of 3.5 (3.1) years during the PED visit (T0). Saliva was analyzed for cotinine, CRP, IL-8, and IL-10. Parents self-reported their children's TSE patterns; children's medical records were reviewed to identify and categorize discharge diagnoses. Linear regression models were utilized to find T0 associations of cotinine-confirmed and parent-reported child TSE patterns, and PED diagnoses with each inflammatory marker. All models were adjusted for child race/ethnicity, child sex, annual household income, and housing type. The TSE models also adjusted for child discharge diagnosis. RESULTS At T0, the geometric mean (GeoM) of cotinine was 4.1 ng/ml [95 %CI = 3.2-5.2]; the GeoMs of CRP, IL-8, and IL-10 were 3,326 pg/ml [95 %CI = 2,696-4,105], 474 pg/ml [95 %CI = 386-583], and 1.1 pg/ml [95 %CI = 0.9-1.3], respectively. Parent-reported child TSE patterns were positively associated with ln-transformed CRP levels, while adjusting for the covariates (β^ = 0.012 [95 %CI:0.004-0.020], p = 0.037). In the parent-reported child TSE pattern model, there were significant positive associations between the covariate of child age with CRP and IL-8 levels (p = 0.028 and p < 0.001, respectively). Children with a bacterial diagnosis had higher IL-8 levels (p = 0.002) compared to the other diagnosis groups. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that parent-reported child TSE increases the expression of CRP in ill children and supports prior work demonstrating that IL-8 is higher in children with TSE who have bacterial infections. These findings should be examined in future research with ill children with and without TSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Melinda Mahabee-Gittens
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Georg E Matt
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Mazzella
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - John T Doucette
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Parita Ratnani
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Li X, Cao X, Zhang J, Fu J, Mohedaner M, Zhuogadanzeng, Sun X, Yang G, Yang Z, Kuo CL, Chen X, Cohen AA, Liu Z. Accelerated aging mediates the associations of unhealthy lifestyles with cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality. J Am Geriatr Soc 2024; 72:181-193. [PMID: 37789775 PMCID: PMC11078652 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With two well-validated aging measures capturing mortality and morbidity risk, this study examined whether and to what extent aging mediates the associations of unhealthy lifestyles with adverse health outcomes. METHODS Data were from 405,944 adults (40-69 years) from UK Biobank (UKB) and 9972 adults (20-84 years) from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). An unhealthy lifestyles score (range: 0-5) was constructed based on five factors (smoking, drinking, physical inactivity, unhealthy body mass index, and unhealthy diet). Two aging measures, Phenotypic Age Acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) and Biological Age Acceleration (BioAgeAccel) were calculated using nine and seven blood biomarkers, respectively, with a higher value indicating the acceleration of aging. The outcomes included incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), incident cancer, and all-cause mortality in UKB; CVD mortality, cancer mortality, and all-cause mortality in NHANES. A general linear regression model, Cox proportional hazards model, and formal mediation analysis were performed. RESULTS The unhealthy lifestyles score was positively associated with PhenoAgeAccel (UKB: β = 0.741; NHANES: β = 0.874, all p < 0.001). We further confirmed the respective associations of PhenoAgeAccel and unhealthy lifestyles with the outcomes in UKB and NHANES. The mediation proportion of PhenoAgeAccel in associations of unhealthy lifestyles with incident CVD, incident cancer, and all-cause mortality were 20.0%, 17.8%, and 26.6% (all p < 0.001) in UKB, respectively. Similar results were found in NHANES. The findings were robust when using another aging measure-BioAgeAccel. CONCLUSIONS Accelerated aging partially mediated the associations of lifestyles with CVD, cancer, and mortality in UK and US populations. The findings reveal a novel pathway and the potential of geroprotective programs in mitigating health inequality in late life beyond lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Li
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingqi Cao
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingyun Zhang
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinjing Fu
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mayila Mohedaner
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuogadanzeng
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyi Sun
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gan Yang
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenqing Yang
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chia-Ling Kuo
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Economics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Alan A Cohen
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Centre on Aging, CHUS Research Centre, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Butler Columbia Aging Center and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zuyun Liu
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
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Huang XQ, Pan J, Fang YY, Wang X, Shen M, Yuan Y, Guo SL. Interaction of smoking and aging on emphysema and small airways disease in asymptomatic healthy men by CT-based parametric response mapping analysis. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e156-e163. [PMID: 37867079 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore whether small airway disease and emphysema were affected by the interaction between smoking and aging on chest computed tomography (CT) images of asymptomatic healthy men analysed using a quantitative imaging tool parametric response mapping (PRM). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, 95 asymptomatic healthy men underwent biphasic chest CT. The PRM classifies lung as a percentage of normal (PRMNormal%), functional small airway disease (PRMfSAD%), and emphysema (PRMEmph%). The patients were divided into groups based on their age and smoking status. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to explore the factors influencing lung injury. Simple effects analysis was performed to explore the interaction between different age groups and smoking status. RESULTS The interaction between aging and smoking significantly affected PRMfSAD% and PRMEmph% (p<0.001). The age range 60-69 and smoking were associated with increased PRMfSAD% and PRMEmph% (p<0.05). Futher stratification into different age subgroups showed that smoking was associated with increased PRMfSAD% and PRMEmph% in the 50-59 year age group. Besides, smoking in the 50-59 and 60-69 years group was associated with decreased PRMNormal%, while smoking in the 60-69 years group did not significantly influence the prevalence of PRMfSAD% and PRMEmph% (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS PRM reveals the interplay between smoking and aging in the development of lung injury in asymptomatic healthy men. Aging and smoking are important factors of emphysema and small airway disease in the 50-69 years group. In the 60-69 years group, aging poses a greater risk of lung injury compared to smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Huang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Department of Radiology, Lanzhou University First Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - J Pan
- Department of Geriatrics, Yan'an People's Hospital, Yan'an, 716000, China
| | - Y Y Fang
- Department of Imaging, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Imaging, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, China
| | - M Shen
- Department of Radiology, Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an, 716000, China
| | - Y Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an, 716000, China
| | - S L Guo
- Department of Radiology, Lanzhou University First Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Liu Y, Lu L, Yang H, Wu X, Luo X, Shen J, Xiao Z, Zhao Y, Du F, Chen Y, Deng S, Cho CH, Li Q, Li X, Li W, Wang F, Sun Y, Gu L, Chen M, Li M. Dysregulation of immunity by cigarette smoking promotes inflammation and cancer: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 339:122730. [PMID: 37838314 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a serious global health issue. Cigarette smoking contains over 7000 different chemicals. The main harmful components include nicotine, acrolein, aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals, which play the key role for cigarette-induced inflammation and carcinogenesis. Growing evidences show that cigarette smoking and its components exert a remarkable impact on regulation of immunity and dysregulated immunity promotes inflammation and cancer. Therefore, this comprehensive and up-to-date review covers four interrelated topics, including cigarette smoking, inflammation, cancer and immune system. The known harmful chemicals from cigarette smoking were summarized. Importantly, we discussed in depth the impact of cigarette smoking on the formation of inflammatory or tumor microenvironment, primarily by affecting immune effector cells, such as macrophages, neutrophils, and T lymphocytes. Furthermore, the main molecular mechanisms by which cigarette smoking induces inflammation and cancer, including changes in epigenetics, DNA damage and others were further summarized. This article will contribute to a better understanding of the impact of cigarette smoking on inducing inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Lu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyue Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuai Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianxiu Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanping Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Gu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Lin Y, Wu Y, Ma F, Shan C, Ma J, Li W, Pan H, Miao X, Liu J, Wang X, Ni Z. Exploration of the mechanism of Qi-Xian decoction in asthmatic mice using metabolomics combined with network pharmacology. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1263962. [PMID: 38155957 PMCID: PMC10753777 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1263962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Qi-Xian Decoction (QXD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula consisting of eight herbs, has been clinically used to treat asthma. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. This study aimed to combine metabolomics and network pharmacology to reveal the mechanism of action of QXD in asthma treatment. Methods: An ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma mouse model was constructed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of QXD. Serum metabolomics and network pharmacology were combined to study the mechanism of anti-asthma action as well as the potential target, and related biological functions were validated. Results: The QXD treatment has demonstrated significant protective effects in OVA-induced asthmatic mice, as evidenced by its ability to inhibit inflammation, IgE, mucus overproduction, and airway hyperreactivity (AHR). Metabolomic analysis has revealed a total of 140 differential metabolites associated with QXD treatment. In addition, network pharmacology has identified 126 genes that are linked to the effects of QXD, including TNF, IL-6, IL1β, STAT3, MMP9, EGFR, JUN, CCL2, TLR4, MAPK3 and MAPK8. Through comprehensive gene-metabolite interaction network analysis, seven key metabolites have been identified and associated with the potential anti-asthmatic effect of QXD, with palmitic acid (PA) being the most notable among them. In vitro validation studies have confirmed the gene-metabolite interaction involving PA, IL-6, and MAPK8. Furthermore, our research has demonstrated that QXD treatment can effectively inhibit PA-promoted IL-6 expression in MH-S cells and reduce PA concentration in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. Conclusion: The regulation of metabolic pathways by QXD was found to be associated with its anti-asthmatic action, which provides insight into the mechanism of QXD in treating asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuqi Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiting Shan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialu Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenguan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huayang Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiayi Miao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiongbiao Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhua Ni
- Central Lab, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Riesco JA, Rábade C, Signes-Costa J, Cabrera E, Jimenez CA. Frequency and characteristics of asthma in smokers attending smoking cessation units in Spain. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294587. [PMID: 38060490 PMCID: PMC10703326 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The interaction between smoking and asthma impairs lung function and increases airflow obstruction severity. The identification of smoking patterns in smokers with and without asthma is crucial to provide the best care strategies. The aims of this study are to estimate asthma frequency, describe asthma features, and characterize smoking in smokers attending smoking cessation units. MATERIAL AND METHODS We carried out a cross-sectional study in five smoking cessation units with different geographical distribution to estimate asthma frequency in smokers, characterize asthma features in smokers, as well as smoking in asthmatic smokers. RESULTS Asthma frequency among smokers was 18.6%. Asthmatic smokers presented high passive exposure, low smoking self-efficacy and will to quit smoking, as well as a high exacerbation frequency, severe symptoms, and frequent use of long-acting beta agonists, inhaled steroids, and short-acting beta agonists. DISCUSSION Smokers with asthma constitute a high-risk group with worsened evolution of pulmonary involvement. All smokers should be regularly screened for asthma. Effective smoking cessation strategies should be proposed to smokers with asthma in order to reverse the harmful effects of smoking on the airway, together with a comprehensive and integral approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Antonio Riesco
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitario San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Carlos Rábade
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitario Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jaime Signes-Costa
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Cabrera
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Carlos-A Jimenez
- Smoking Cessation Clinic, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Maunder K, Molloy E, Jenkins E, Hayden J, Adamis D, McNicholas F. Anorexia Nervosa in vivo cytokine production: a systematic review. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 158:106390. [PMID: 37769539 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The underlying psychobiology that contributes to Anorexia Nervosa (AN) onset and disease progression remains unclear. New research is emerging suggesting a possible link between inflammation and a variety of mental illnesses. Alterations of cytokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of AN. Some studies have found differences in the cytokine profile of those with AN compared to healthy controls, but results are heterogeneous. The aim of this work was to systematically review existing studies investigating in-vivo cytokine production in those with AN before and after weight restoration compared to controls. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of four electronic databases (PubMed, PsychInfo, EMBASE and CINAH) was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to identify human in-vivo studies investigating the relationship between AN and cytokine production. Data extracted from included studies related to population characteristics (e.g. age, gender, mean mBMI/%IBW), cytokine measurement and relevant findings. Confounding factors (e.g. smoking status, co-morbid mental illness, menstruation status) were also collected. RESULTS 36 studies were eligible for this systematic review of which the majority were conducted in Europe (77.8%) and involved female subjects (97.2%). Those with AN ranged in age from 13 to 47 years and had an illness duration of 3 months to 24 years. 15 candidate cytokines and 3 receptors were identified (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1B, CRP, IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-R2, IL-1 α, IL-15, TNF-R1, IL-17, IL-18, TGF-B1, IL-12, IL-6R and TGF-B2) exploring in-vivo levels in patients with AN and comparing to controls. TNF-alpha and IL-6 were the most extensively studied with IL-6 being significantly elevated in 4 out of 8 (50%) of longitudinal studies when comparing AN patients at baseline compared to post weight restoration. Following weight restoration, there was no difference in IL-6 levels when comparing to HC in 7 of 8 (87.5%) longitudinal studies examined. CONCLUSIONS The most promising cytokine potentially involved in the pathogenesis of AN appears to be IL-6, and possibly TNF-alpha pathways. The heterogeneity of clinical and methodology factors impedes the generalizability of results. Future studies may wish to address these methodological shortcomings as alterations in cytokine levels in AN could act as therapeutic targets assisting with weight restoration and psychopathology and may offer diagnostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Maunder
- University College Dublin, Ireland; Children's Health Ireland - Crumlin Hospital, Ireland; Lucena Clinic, St. John of God Community Services, Ireland.
| | - E Molloy
- Children's Health Ireland - Crumlin Hospital, Ireland; Children's Health Ireland - Tallaght Hospital, Ireland; Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - E Jenkins
- Children's Health Ireland - Temple Street Hospital, Ireland
| | - J Hayden
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Ireland
| | - D Adamis
- National University of Galway, Ireland
| | - F McNicholas
- University College Dublin, Ireland; Children's Health Ireland - Crumlin Hospital, Ireland; Lucena Clinic, St. John of God Community Services, Ireland
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Wang Q, Su W, Liu J, Zhao D. Advances in the investigation of the role of autophagy in the etiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36390. [PMID: 38013266 PMCID: PMC10681501 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory illness. It arises from emphysema and chronic bronchitis and is characterized by progressive and irreversible airflow limitation and chronic inflammation of the lungs, which eventually progresses to pulmonary hypertension, chronic pulmonary heart disease and respiratory failure. Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular homeostasis maintenance mechanism that involves the transport of damaged organelles and proteins to lysosomes for destruction. Dysregulation of autophagy is one of the pathogenic mechanisms of many diseases and is strongly associated with the development of COPD, although the precise mechanisms are unknown. In this paper, we focus on macroautophagy, a type of autophagy that has been thoroughly studied, and describe the characteristics, processes, regulatory pathways, and functions of autophagy, and discuss its relationship with COPD from the perspectives of inflammation, emphysema, mucus hypersecretion, cilia structure and function, airway remodeling, vascular remodeling, and bacterial infections, with a view to searching for the therapeutic targets of COPD from the perspective of autophagy, which is hoped to be helpful for the clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxinhong Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenlong Su
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Junnan Liu
- The Third Clinical Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dongkai Zhao
- The Third Clinical Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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D’Auria E, Minutoli M, Colombo A, Sartorio MUA, Zunica F, Zuccotti G, Lougaris V. Allergy and autoimmunity in children: non-mutually exclusive diseases. A narrative review. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1239365. [PMID: 38027278 PMCID: PMC10652575 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1239365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In last decades a simultaneous increase in the prevalence of atopic and autoimmune disorders in pediatric population has been observed. Despite the Th1-Th2 paradigm, supporting the polarization of the immune system with Th1 response involved in autoimmune diseases and Th2 response leading to hypersensitivity reactions, recent evidence suggests a possible coexistence of common pathogenic pathways as result of shared immune dysregulation. Similar genes and other mechanisms such as epithelial barrier damage, gut microbiota dysbiosis and reduced number of T regs and IL-10 contribute to the onset of allergy and autoimmunity. IgA deficiency is also hypothesized to be the crosslink between celiac disease and allergy by lowering gut mucous membrane protection from antigens and allergens. The present narrative review aims to give an overview of the co-occurrence of allergic and autoimmune disorders (celiac disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, type 1 diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis) in pediatric population, based on the available evidence. We also highlighted the common pathogenic pathways that may underpin both. Our findings confirm that allergic and autoimmune diseases are commonly associated, and clinicians should therefore be aware of the possible coexistence of these conditions in order to ameliorate disease management and patient care. Particular attention should be paid to the association between atopic dermatitis or asthma and celiac disease or type 1 diabetes and vice versa, for therapeutic interventions. Further studies are needed to better clarify mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and eventually identify new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza D’Auria
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Minutoli
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Colombo
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fiammetta Zunica
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Vassilios Lougaris
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST – Spedali Civili di Brescia, Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Papadopoulos KI, Papadopoulou A, Aw TC. Live to die another day: novel insights may explain the pathophysiology behind smoker's paradox in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2517-2526. [PMID: 36867341 PMCID: PMC9983545 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04681-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection demonstrates a highly variable and unpredictable course. Several reports have claimed a smoker's paradox in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in line with previous suggestions that smoking is associated with better survival after acute myocardial infarction and appears protective in preeclampsia. Several plausible physiological explanations exist accounting for the paradoxical observation of smoking engendering protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we delineate novel mechanisms whereby smoking habits and smokers' genetic polymorphism status affecting various nitric oxide (NO) pathways (endothelial NO synthase, cytochrome P450 (CYP450), erythropoietin receptor (EPOR); β-common receptor (βcR)), along with tobacco smoke modulation of microRNA-155 and aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) effects, may be important determinators of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 course. While transient NO bioavailability increase and beneficial immunoregulatory modulations through the above-mentioned pathways using exogenous, endogenous, genetic and/or therapeutic modalities may have direct and specific, viricidal SARS-CoV-2 effects, employing tobacco smoke inhalation to achieve protection equals self-harm. Tobacco smoking remains the leading cause of death, illness, and impoverishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. I. Papadopoulos
- THAI StemLife, 566/3 Soi Ramkhamhaeng 39 (Thepleela 1), Prachaouthit Rd., Wangthonglang, Wangthonglang, 10310 Bangkok Thailand
| | - A. Papadopoulou
- Occupational and Environmental Health Services, Feelgood Lund, Ideon Science Park, Scheelevägen 17, 223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - T. C. Aw
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, Singapore, 529889 Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228 Singapore
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50
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Ni K, Wan Y, Zheng Y. Association between adult food insecurity and self-reported asthma in the United States: NHANES 2003-2018. J Asthma 2023; 60:2074-2082. [PMID: 37255268 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2023.2214921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma is a chronic disease of the lungs. The development of asthma is related to various risk factors. Food insecurity is a critical social determinant of health, although there is little information on the association between adult food insecurity and asthma. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential correlation in US adults. METHODS The study population data were extracted from NHANES 2003-2018. Food insecurity was measured using the USDA FSSM and categorized as full, marginal, low, or very low food security. The assessment of self-reported asthma was determined by self-report questionnaires. The self-reported positive outcomes were that participants had asthma and a history of asthma attacks and asthma-related ER visits in the past year. We developed two multivariate logistic regression models. Stratified analyses were performed by gender and age. RESULTS A total of 38,077 participants were considered in our final analysis. Compared to participants with FFS, the ORs (95% CIs) for asthma were 1.16 (1.00-1.33), 1.42 (1.23-1.64), and 1.56 (1.34-1.80) for participants with MFS, LFS, and VLFS, respectively (Model II). Additionally, after full adjustment, individuals with VLFS had 49% greater risks of asthma attacks (OR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.13-1.97). The ORs (95% CIs) for asthma-related ER visits were 1.59 (1.14-2.23) and 1.98 (1.36-2.87) for participants with LFS and VLFS, respectively (Model II). The positive correlations remained robust when stratified by gender and age. CONCLUSION Our research showed that food insecurity among US adults was associated with asthma, asthma attacks, and asthma-related ER visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejie Ni
- The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufeng Wan
- The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulong Zheng
- The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
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