1
|
Schreuder A, Börnhorst C, Wolters M, Veidebaum T, Tornaritis M, Sina E, Russo P, Moreno LA, Molnar D, Lissner L, De Henauw S, Ahrens W, Vrijkotte T. Population trajectories and age-dependent associations of obesity risk factors with body mass index from childhood to adolescence across European regions: A two-cohort study. Pediatr Obes 2024; 19:e13088. [PMID: 38146220 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate population trajectories of behavioural risk factors of obesity from childhood to adolescence and their associations with body mass index (BMI) in children across European regions. METHODS Data were harmonised between the European multi-centre IDEFICS/I.Family and the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development Cohort. Participants were aged 2.0-9.9 and 5.0-7.5 years at baseline, respectively, and were followed until age 18 years. Behavioural risk factors of interest included diet, physical activity, media use and sleep. Mixed effects models were used for statistical analyses to account for repeated measurements taken from the same child. RESULTS The study included a total of 14 328 individuals: 4114, 4582, 3220 and 2412 participants from Northern, Southern, Eastern Europe and Amsterdam, respectively. Risk factor means and prevalences changed with age, but the trajectories were mostly similar across regions. Almost no associations between behavioural factors and BMI were found at the age of 6 years. At 11 years, daily sugar-sweetened foods consumption, use of active transport, sports club membership and longer nocturnal sleep duration were negatively associated with BMI in most regions; positive associations were found with media use. Most associations at 11 years of age persisted to 15 years. CONCLUSIONS Whilst population trajectories of media use and nocturnal sleep duration are similar across European regions, those of other behavioural risk factors like active transport and daily vegetable consumption differ. Also, associations between behavioural risk factors and BMI become stronger with age and show similar patterns across regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Schreuder
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Börnhorst
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Maike Wolters
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- National Institute for Health Development, Estonian Centre of Behavioral and Health Sciences, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Elida Sina
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Paola Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Denes Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lauren Lissner
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Tanja Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brindley C, Hamrik Z, Kleszczewska D, Dzielska A, Mazur J, Haug E, Kopcakova J, Marques A, Altenburg T, Demetriou Y, Bucksch J. Gender-specific social and environmental correlates of active travel to school in four European countries: the HBSC Study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1190045. [PMID: 37559734 PMCID: PMC10407096 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1190045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the health benefits, a large proportion of girls and boys in Europe do not travel to school actively. A better understanding of the correlates associated with this behavior could guide interventions. This study examines perceived social and environmental correlates of active travel to school (ACTS) from the 2017/18 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) survey in four European countries, with a special emphasis on gender differences (n = 22,023). Methods Logistic regression was conducted to analyze associations between the perceived importance of each correlate and ACTS behavior for 11-, 13-, and 15-year-old girls and boys from Germany, Czechia, Poland, and Slovakia. All models were adjusted for age, family affluence, and meeting World Health Organization recommendations for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Results Rates of ACTS significantly differed between girls and boys. In Czechia, 65% of girls and boys traveled to school actively, followed by Slovakia (61.4% girls and 58.4% boys), Poland (57.7% girls and 60.2% boys), and Germany (42.6% girls and 48.6% boys). Girls were less likely to actively travel to school compared to boys (odds ratio [OR]: 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87-0.97). Increasing age (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93-0.97) and a greater distance to school index (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.88-0.90) were both negatively associated with ACTS. The perceived importance of living closer to school and of road and neighborhood safety was positively associated with ACTS, with a stronger association in boys than in girls for neighborhood safety. On the contrary, the perceived importance of having people to walk with was negatively associated with ACTS, with a stronger association in girls (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.65-0.84) than in boys (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66-0.88). Discussion This study provides insights into perceived social and environmental correlates associated with ACTS behavior. Future research should include gender-specific perceptions and more in-depth investigations of correlates encouraging ACTS, especially considering social aspects, safety issues, and the structuring of the environment in different cultural settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherina Brindley
- Department of Natural and Sociological Sciences, Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zdenek Hamrik
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | | | - Anna Dzielska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Mazur
- Department of Humanization in Medicine and Sexology, University of Zielona Gora, Collegium Medicum, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jaroslava Kopcakova
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teatske Altenburg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jens Bucksch
- Department of Natural and Sociological Sciences, Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maulida R, Goel R, Labib SM, Oni T, van Sluijs EM. Environmental correlates of adolescent active travel to school in Asia: An ecological study. Health Place 2023; 81:103024. [PMID: 37043940 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the association between country-level environmental correlates and the prevalence of active school travel (AST) in Asia and country-level differences in AST by age and sex. METHODS This ecological study involved 31 Asian countries. Dependent variables were AST prevalence, AST prevalence difference by age, and by sex. Independent variables were country-level environmental correlates extracted using publicly available datasets, classified into physical and social environments. Association estimates of each dependent variable and each of the independent variables were calculated using univariate linear regression. All variables were standardized to have a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. RESULTS Results showed that 1 standard deviation (SD) difference in urban population percentage, night-time light, secondary-school enrolment, and prevalence of adult insufficient physical activity were negatively associated with AST prevalence (SD difference: -0.44 (-0.78 to -0.09), -0.40 (-0.76 to -0.04), -0.39 (-0.74 to -0.04), and -0.40 (-0.76 to -0.03), respectively). A 1 SD difference in car per people was associated with a -0.46 (-0.84 to -0.09) difference of AST prevalence by age. A 1 SD difference in PM2.5 concentration and of prevalence of adult insufficient physical activity were associated with a difference of 0.38 (0.01-0.74) and 0.42 (0.03-0.80) difference of AST prevalence by sex. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that Asian countries with a greater number of people living in urban areas, lower levels of overall adult physical activity and higher levels of night-time light have a lower prevalence of adolescent AST. Country-level physical and social environmental correlates explained some of the regional variance in AST. Future policy actions and interventions for the region need to be contextually sensitive to the environmental correlates that vary between countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizka Maulida
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.
| | - Rahul Goel
- Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - S M Labib
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tolu Oni
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Global Matrix 4.0 Physical Activity Report Card Grades for Children and Adolescents: Results and Analyses From 57 Countries. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:700-728. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: The Global Matrix 4.0 on physical activity (PA) for children and adolescents was developed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the global variation in children’s and adolescents’ (5–17 y) PA, related measures, and key sources of influence. The objectives of this article were (1) to summarize the findings from the Global Matrix 4.0 Report Cards, (2) to compare indicators across countries, and (3) to explore trends related to the Human Development Index and geo-cultural regions. Methods: A total of 57 Report Card teams followed a harmonized process to grade the 10 common PA indicators. An online survey was conducted to collect Report Card Leaders’ top 3 priorities for each PA indicator and their opinions on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted child and adolescent PA indicators in their country. Results: Overall Physical Activity was the indicator with the lowest global average grade (D), while School and Community and Environment were the indicators with the highest global average grade (C+). An overview of the global situation in terms of surveillance and prevalence is provided for all 10 common PA indicators, followed by priorities and examples to support the development of strategies and policies internationally. Conclusions: The Global Matrix 4.0 represents the largest compilation of children’s and adolescents’ PA indicators to date. While variation in data sources informing the grades across countries was observed, this initiative highlighted low PA levels in children and adolescents globally. Measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, local/international conflicts, climate change, and economic change threaten to worsen this situation.
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang WY, Aubert S, Tremblay MS, Wong SH. Global Matrix 4.0 physical activity report cards grades for children and adolescents: A comparison among 15 Asian countries and regions. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:372-381. [PMID: 36311170 PMCID: PMC9579364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background /Objective: This paper aimed to compare the report card grades among 15 Asian jurisdictions participating in the Global Matrix 4.0, and to explore differences in regional cultural and policy factors related to physical activity behaviors. Methods All participating jurisdictions followed a harmonized process to develop a country report card. Ten required common indicators were assessed, including five behavioral indicators (Overall Physical Activity, Organized Sport and Physical Activity, Active Play, Active Transportation, Sedentary Behavior), four sources of influence indicators (Family and Peers, School, Community and Environment, and Government), and an outcome indicator (Physical Fitness). Letter grades, ranging from A+ to F or incomplete (INC), were assigned to the indicators based on the predefined benchmarks and grading rubric, and were converted to numerical scale for analyses. Results The country average scores ranged from F (Indonesia) to B- (Japan), with C+/C/C- the most prevalent grades. The mean behavioral score (D+) was lower than sources of influence score (C+). Poor grades (D or F) were observed for Overall Physical Activity among 73.3% (11/15) of the jurisdictions. Government was the indicator with the highest proportion of A or B grades (66.7%), followed by School (53.3%). Physical Fitness (n = 10) and Active Play (n = 8) were two indicators with the largest number of INC grades. Conclusions Poor grades for physical activity and sedentary behavior were generally found in Asian jurisdictions. The better, though modest, grades on the sources of influence have not been translated into favorable behaviors among children and adolescents. The findings also suggested surveillance gaps for physical fitness, active play, and organized sport participation. National-level investments and action plans are needed to ensure physical activity interventions are developed, effectively implemented, and regularly evaluated in multiple settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Y. Huang
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Salomé Aubert
- Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, ON, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen H. Wong
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
George SM, Sliwa SA, Cornett KA, Do V, Bremer AA, Berrigan D. Improving active travel to school and its surveillance: an overlooked opportunity in health promotion and chronic disease prevention. Transl Behav Med 2022; 12:810-815. [PMID: 35665832 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing active travel to school (ATS) could reduce the deficit in youth physical activity participation; however, surveillance of ATS is limited. Given that ATS contributes to our understanding of children's physical activity patterns nationwide, is influenced by local contexts and state laws, and occurs within communities, surveillance could be informative at the national, state, and local levels. Following a National Collaborative on Childhood Obesity Research workshop, this commentary offers insights into strengthening surveillance and data collection of ATS behavior as well as ATS environmental, policy, and program supports.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M George
- Division of Extramural Research, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sarah A Sliwa
- School Health Branch, Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Kelly A Cornett
- School Health Branch, Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Van Do
- FHI 360, Washington, DC 20009, USA
| | - Andrew A Bremer
- Division of Extramural Research, Pediatric Growth and Nutrition Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David Berrigan
- Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Howells K, Coppinger T. The Forgotten Age Phase of Healthy Lifestyle Promotion? A Preliminary Study to Examine the Potential Call for Targeted Physical Activity and Nutrition Education for Older Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105970. [PMID: 35627507 PMCID: PMC9141754 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
To date, little research on healthy lifestyle promotion has focused on older adolescents (16–18-year-olds), yet this is a key time that habitual healthy lifestyles could be developed. Ninety-three participants (thirty-nine males; fifty-four females) (mean age = 16.9, (SD 0.4) years), from three low socio-economic high schools in England, completed an online questionnaire on their self-reported: (i) daily physical activity (PA), (ii) active transportation, (iii) active leisure time, (iv) food intake and (v) experiences of how healthy lifestyles are promoted specifically to them. Overall, 60% reached the daily PA recommended guidelines. Yet, 92% used a bicycle/walked for a least 10 min continuously as active transport and of these, 86% undertook this at least 5 days per week. Almost half undertook MVPA as active leisure, but 66% still spent ≥ 5 h sedentary. Seventeen percent met recommended nutritional guidelines for health and 90% (n = 80) did not report school as a place that promoted healthy lifestyles. It is recommended as a public health measure and as an educational policy matter that schools implement more targeted PA and healthy eating initiatives for older adolescents that also include the adolescent voice. Further, gaining a deeper insight into male older adolescents’ health literacy is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Howells
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Social Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT1 1QU, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Tara Coppinger
- Department of Sport, Leisure and Childhood Studies, Faculty of Business and Humanities, Munster Technological University, T12 P928 Cork, Ireland;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Maulida R, Ikeda E, Oni T, van Sluijs EMF. Descriptive epidemiology of the prevalence of adolescent active travel to school in Asia: a cross-sectional study from 31 countries. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057082. [PMID: 35393319 PMCID: PMC8991057 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the prevalence of adolescent active travel to school (ATS) across 31 countries and territories in Asia, overall and by age group, sex and body mass index (BMI) category. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING 31 Asian countries. PARTICIPANTS 152 368 adolescents aged 13-17 years with complete data for age, sex, measured weight and height and active travel to school from 31 Asian countries from the Global School-based student Health Survey (GSHS). PRIMARY OUTCOME Self-reported active travel to school categorised into passive (0 days) and active (1-7 days). RESULTS Overall prevalence of adolescent ATS in Asia based on random-effect meta-analysis was 55%, ranging from 18% (UAE) to 84% (Myanmar). There was limited subregional variation: 47% in the Eastern Mediterranean (EM), 56% in the South East Asia and 64% in the Western Pacific. Summarised by random-effect meta-analysis, being an older adolescent aged 16 years and older (vs younger age below 16 years: OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.16) was positively associated with ATS. This association was strongest in EM countries. Summarised by random-effect meta-analysis, females (vs males: OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.71 to 0.89) and adolescents with overweight/obesity (vs underweight and normal BMI: OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86 to 0.99) were less likely to use ATS. Association with sex was strongest in EM countries. Heterogeneity was considerable in all meta-analyses. CONCLUSION The prevalence of adolescent ATS in Asia varies substantially. Overall, older and male adolescents, and adolescents with underweight and normal BMI category are more likely to actively travel to school. However, the main contributor to differences in ATS between and within regions remain unknown. Although there is substantial scope for improving ATS rates in Asia, any policy actions and interventions should be cognisant of local built, social and natural environmental contexts that may influence active travel behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizka Maulida
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Erika Ikeda
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tolu Oni
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Correlates of Active Commuting to School among Portuguese Adolescents: An Ecological Model Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052733. [PMID: 35270424 PMCID: PMC8910768 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Active commuting to and from school can be an important contribution to improving health in adolescents. This study aimed to analyze the influence of multilevel variables of the ecological model in the active commuting of a representative sample of Portuguese adolescents. The 2018 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children questionnaire was applied to 5695 adolescents with an average age of 15.5 years old (SD ± 1.8), 53.9% of whom were girls. The associations were studied by applying chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression models. In this study, 36.5% of the participants reported walking or cycling to school. Active commuting to school was directly associated with age (OR = 1.2; p < 0.05), strong family support (OR = 1.2; p < 0.05), a moderate to low financial level of the family (OR = 1.3; p < 0.05) and living near the school (OR = 2.4; p < 0.05). The results revealed that an adolescent’s choice to travel to and from school using an active mode of transportation increased with strong family support. As a result, promotion campaigns should consider the adolescent’s family context.
Collapse
|
10
|
Forsberg H, Lindqvist AK, Forward S, Nyberg L, Rutberg S. Development and Initial Validation of the PILCAST Questionnaire: Understanding Parents' Intentions to Let Their Child Cycle or Walk to School. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111651. [PMID: 34770168 PMCID: PMC8583113 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Children generally do not meet the recommendation of 60 min of daily physical activity (PA); therefore, active school transportation (AST) is an opportunity to increase PA. To promote AST, the involvement of parents seems essential. Using the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the aim was to develop and validate the PILCAST questionnaire to understand parents’ intentions to let their child cycle or walk to school. Cross-sectional sampling was performed, where 1024 responses were collected from parents. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated acceptable fit indices for the factorial structure according to the TPB, comprising 32 items grouped in 11 latent constructs. All constructs showed satisfying reliability. The regression analysis showed that the TPB explained 55.3% of parents’ intentions to let the child cycle to school and 20.6% regarding walking, increasing by a further 18.3% and 16.6%, respectively, when past behavior was added. The most influential factors regarding cycling were facilitating perceived behavioral control, positive attitudes, subjective and descriptive norms, and for walking, subjective and descriptive norms. The PILCAST questionnaire contributes to a better understanding of the psychological antecedents involving parents’ decisions to let their child cycle or walk to school, and may therefore provide guidance when designing, implementing and evaluating interventions aiming to promote AST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Forsberg
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden; (A.-K.L.); (L.N.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna-Karin Lindqvist
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden; (A.-K.L.); (L.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Sonja Forward
- Swedish Road and Transport Research Institute, VTI, 581 95 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden; (A.-K.L.); (L.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Stina Rutberg
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden; (A.-K.L.); (L.N.); (S.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Prevalence and Correlates of Active Transportation to School Among Colombian Children and Adolescents. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:1299-1309. [PMID: 34433698 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Colombia, active transportation has been assessed in multiple local and regional studies, but national data on active transportation are scarce. This study aims to describe the prevalence and factors associated with active transportation to/from school among Colombian children and adolescents. METHODS The authors analyzed nationally representative data from the National Survey of Nutrition 2015, with a sample of 11,466 children and adolescents aged between 3 and 17 years. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regression multivariable models with robust variance. RESULTS Approximately 70% of Colombian children and adolescents reported engaging in active transportation to/from school over the last week. There were no differences by sex among preschoolers nor school-aged children. Fewer adolescent females than males used active transportation. Preschoolers and school-aged children living in Bogota were more likely to report active transport than children from other regions (prevalence ratios for other regions ranged from 0.59 to 0.86). School-aged children and adolescents with a lower wealth index were more likely to use active transportation than their counterparts (prevalence ratios = 1.32 and 1.22, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The wealthiest children and adolescents, adolescents from rural areas, and female adolescents should be a focus for future interventions. Actions need to be implemented to improve the involvement in active transportation to/from school in Colombia.
Collapse
|
12
|
Gálvez-Fernández P, Herrador-Colmenero M, Esteban-Cornejo I, Castro-Piñero J, Molina-García J, Queralt A, Aznar S, Abarca-Sos A, González-Cutre D, Vidal-Conti J, Fernández-Muñoz S, Vida J, Ruiz-Ariza A, Rodríguez-Rodríguez F, Moliner-Urdiales D, Villa-González E, Barranco-Ruiz Y, Huertas-Delgado FJ, Mandic S, Chillón P. Active commuting to school among 36,781 Spanish children and adolescents: A temporal trend study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 31:914-924. [PMID: 33423302 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study examines trends in the rates of active commuting to school (ACS) in Spanish children (n = 18 343; 8.93 ± 1.68) and adolescents (n = 18 438; 14.11 ± 1.58) aged 6-18 years from 2010 to 2017. Given the study period included the economic crisis in Spain (2008-2013), the second aim of this study was to compare ACS rates during and after the economic crisis. Data were obtained from 28 studies conducted across Spain. The overall trends in ACS were evaluated using multilevel logistic regression analysis. Among Spanish children and adolescents, the rates of ACS to school ranged around 60% between 2010 and 2017. The rates of ACS in Spanish youth did not change significantly during the 2010-2017 period, except a sporadic increase in the rate of ACS in adolescents in 2012-2013. No significant association between the ACS and the economic crisis time period in youth was found. As conclusion, the ACS remains stable in Spain during the last decade, which is a promising result regarding the evidenced decreasing trend in many countries. Further educational and policy strategies are important to continue promoting this behavior in children and adolescents in the long term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gálvez-Fernández
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Herrador-Colmenero
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,La Inmaculada Teacher Training Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Castro-Piñero
- GALENO research group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - Ana Queralt
- AFIPS research group, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - David González-Cutre
- Department of Sport Sciences, Sport Research Center, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
| | | | | | - Jerónimo Vida
- University of Granada, Local Agenda 21 technical manager, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Emilio Villa-González
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Melilla, Spain
| | - Yaira Barranco-Ruiz
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Melilla, Spain
| | | | - Sandra Mandic
- School of Sport and Recreation, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Sustainability, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Palma Chillón
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Schönbach DMI, Brindley C, Reimers AK, Marques A, Demetriou Y. Socio-Demographic Correlates of Cycling to School among 12- to 15-Year Olds in Southern Germany. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249269. [PMID: 33322403 PMCID: PMC7763497 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Depending on the region and urbanization level, the rate of cycling to school in Germany varies largely. The influence of distance from home to school, educational level, the school’s region, and parents’ socio-demographic characteristics on cycling to secondary school in Germany is unclear. Therefore, this study analyzed students’ and parents’ socio-demographic correlates of cycling to school, including separate analyses by gender, among 12- to 15-year-olds attending different (sub)urban schools in Southern Germany. In 2019, 121 students (girls: 40.5%, boys: 59.5%) aged 13.1 ± 0.9 and 42 parents (mothers: 81%, fathers: 19%) aged 47.8 ± 5.5 participated. Students completed a self-report questionnaire; parents completed a self- and proxy-report questionnaire. In total, between 61.7% and 67.5% of students sometimes cycled to school. Binary logistic regressions revealed that being a girl, increasing age, attending an intermediate educational level combined with a suburban school region (small or medium-sized town), increasing distance from home to school, and having parents who did not cycle to work led to declining odds of cycling to school. Many 12- to 15-year-olds sometimes cycled to school in (sub)urban school regions in Southern Germany. As several socio-demographic characteristics correlated with cycling to school, this should be considered when developing a future school-based bicycle intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea M. I. Schönbach
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-289-24687
| | - Catherina Brindley
- Department of Natural and Sociological Sciences, Heidelberg University of Education, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Anne K Reimers
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|