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Aguilar-Guadarrama AB, Díaz-Román MA, Osorio-García M, Déciga-Campos M, Rios MY. Chemical Constituents from Agave applanata and Its Antihyperglycemic, Anti-inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Activities Associated with Its Tissue Repair Capability. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:397-410. [PMID: 38365219 DOI: 10.1055/a-2270-5527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Agave applanata is a Mexican agave whose fresh leaves are employed to prepare an ethanol tonic used to relieve diabetes. It is also applied to skin to relieve varicose and diabetic foot ulcers, including wounds, inflammation, and infections. In this study, the chemical composition of this ethanol tonic is established and its association with antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound healing activities is discussed. The fresh leaves of A. applanata were extracted with ethanol : H2O (85 : 15). A fraction of this extract was lyophilized, and the remainder was partitioned into CH2Cl2, n-BuOH, and water. CH2Cl2 and n-BuOH fractions were subjected to a successive open column chromatography process. The structure of the isolated compounds was established using nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry spectra. The antihyperglycemic activity was evaluated through in vivo sucrose and glucose tolerance experiments, as well as ex vivo intestinal absorption and hepatic production of glucose. Wound healing and edema inhibition were assayed in mice. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the hydroalcoholic extract, its fractions, and pure compounds were determined through agar microdilution against the most isolated pathogens from diabetic foot ulcers. Fatty acids, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, hecogenin (1: ), N-oleyl-D-glucosamine, β-daucosterol, sucrose, myo-inositol, and hecogenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-galactopyranoside (2: ) were characterized. This research provides evidence for the pharmacological importance of A. applanata in maintaining normoglycemia, showing anti-inflammatory activity and antimicrobial effects against the microorganisms frequently found in diabetic foot ulcers. This plant plays an important role in wound healing and accelerated tissue reparation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mónica Aideé Díaz-Román
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, México
| | - Maribel Osorio-García
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, México
| | - Myrna Déciga-Campos
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Yolanda Rios
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, México
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2
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Li P, Wang Y, Wang X, Li R, Wang K, Jiang Y, Zhang M, Huang C, Ma Q, Sun J, Quan J. Preparation of a Novel Oat β-Glucan-Chromium(III) Complex and Its Hypoglycemic Effect and Mechanism. Molecules 2024; 29:1998. [PMID: 38731488 PMCID: PMC11085915 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study synthesized a novel oat β-glucan (OBG)-Cr(III) complex (OBG-Cr(III)) and explored its structure, inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and hypoglycemic activities and mechanism in vitro using an insulin-resistant HepG2 (IR-HepG2) cell model. The Cr(III) content in the complex was found to be 10.87%. The molecular weight of OBG-Cr(III) was determined to be 7.736 × 104 Da with chromium ions binding to the hydroxyl groups of OBG. This binding resulted in the increased asymmetry and altered spatial conformation of the complex along with significant changes in morphology and crystallinity. Our findings demonstrated that OBG-Cr(III) exhibited inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Furthermore, OBG-Cr(III) enhanced the insulin sensitivity of IR-HepG2 cells, promoting glucose uptake and metabolism more efficiently than OBG alone. The underlying mechanism of its hypoglycemic effect involved the modulation of the c-Cbl/PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 signaling pathway, as revealed by Western blot analysis. This research not only broadened the applications of OBG but also positioned OBG-Cr(III) as a promising Cr(III) supplement with enhanced hypoglycemic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengshou Li
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Yunlu Wang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Rui Li
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Kaihui Wang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Yu Jiang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Chuhan Huang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Qixiang Ma
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Cancer Hospital and Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Jian Sun
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jianye Quan
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Wen X, Lv C, Zhou R, Wang Y, Zhou X, Qin S. The Molecular Mechanism Underlying the Therapeutic Effect of Dihydromyricetin on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Transcriptomics. Foods 2024; 13:344. [PMID: 38275711 PMCID: PMC10815645 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic and complex disease, and traditional drugs have many side effects. The active compound dihydromyricetin (DHM), derived from natural plants, has been shown in our previous study to possess the potential for reducing blood glucose levels; however, its precise molecular mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, network pharmacology and transcriptomics were performed to screen the molecular targets and signaling pathways of DHM disturbed associated with T2DM, and the results were partially verified by molecular docking, RT-PCR, and Western blotting at in vivo levels. Firstly, the effect of DHM on blood glucose, lipid profile, and liver oxidative stress in db/db mice was explored and the results showed that DHM could reduce blood glucose and improve oxidative stress in the liver. Secondly, GO analysis based on network pharmacology and transcriptomics results showed that DHM mainly played a significant role in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and fatty acid metabolism in biological processes, on lipoprotein and respiratory chain on cell components, and on redox-related enzyme activity, iron ion binding, and glutathione transferase on molecular functional processes. KEGG system analysis results showed that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, IL17 signaling pathway, HIF signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and TNF signaling pathway were typical signaling pathways disturbed by DHM in T2DM. Thirdly, molecular docking results showed that VEGFA, SRC, HIF1A, ESR1, KDR, MMP9, PPARG, and MAPK14 are key target genes, five genes of which were verified by RT-PCR in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, Western blotting results revealed that DHM effectively upregulated the expression of AKT protein and downregulated the expression of MEK protein in the liver of db/db mice. Therefore, our study found that DHM played a therapeutic effect partially by activation of the PI3K/AKT/MAPK signaling pathway. This study establishes the foundation for DHM as a novel therapeutic agent for T2DM. Additionally, it presents a fresh approach to utilizing natural plant extracts for chemoprevention and treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnian Wen
- Laboratory of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chenghao Lv
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Runze Zhou
- Laboratory of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yixue Wang
- Laboratory of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xixin Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Si Qin
- Laboratory of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.W.)
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
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Yang W, Hou L, Wang B, Wu J, Zha C, Wu W. Integration of transcriptome and machine learning to identify the potential key genes and regulatory networks affecting drip loss in pork. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae164. [PMID: 38865489 PMCID: PMC11214104 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Low level of drip loss (DL) is an important quality characteristic of meat with high economic value. However, the key genes and regulatory networks contributing to DL in pork remain largely unknown. To accurately identify the key genes affecting DL in muscles postmortem, 12 Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) pigs with extremely high (n = 6, H group) and low (n = 6, L group) DL at both 24 and 48 h postmortem were selected for transcriptome sequencing. The analysis of differentially expressed genes and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to find the overlapping genes using the transcriptome data, and functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were conducted using the overlapping genes. Moreover, we used machine learning to identify the key genes and regulatory networks related to DL based on the interactive genes of the PPI network. Finally, nine potential key genes (IRS1, ESR1, HSPA6, INSR, SPOP, MSTN, LGALS4, MYLK2, and FRMD4B) mainly associated with the MAPK signaling pathway, the insulin signaling pathway, and the calcium signaling pathway were identified, and a single-gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to further annotate the functions of these potential key genes. The GSEA results showed that these genes are mainly related to ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and oxidative reactions. Taken together, our results indicate that the potential key genes influencing DL are mainly related to insulin signaling mediated differences in glycolysis and ubiquitin-mediated changes in muscle structure and improve the understanding of gene expression and regulation related to DL and contribute to future molecular breeding for improving pork quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liming Hou
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengwan Zha
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wangjun Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Mao Y, Pan S, Song Y, Wang W, Li N, Feng B, Zhang J. Exploring the mechanism of Jingshen Xiaoke decoction in treating T2DM mice based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:163-179. [PMID: 37092194 DOI: 10.3233/thc-220630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jingshen Xiaoke decoction (JS) was prepared by studying the classic prescriptions of famous scholars in the past dynasties to prevent and treat diabetes. The related mechanism of JS against hyperlipidemia has yet to be revealed. OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of action of JS in treating diabetes mellitus by using bioinformatics methods. METHODS A database was used to search the active ingredients and targets of the JS and targets for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The protein interaction between the intersection targets, and the constructed the PPI network diagram was analyzed using the STRING database. Furthermore, the gene annotation tool DAVID was used to enrich the intersecting targets for the Gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway. Finally, Maestro software was used for molecular docking to verify the binding ability of the active ingredients to the core target genes. RESULTS A total of 45 active ingredients in JS were screened out corresponding to 239 effective targets, of which 64 targets were potential targets for treating T2DM. The analysis of PPI network diagram analysis revealed that the ingredients' active components are quercetin, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, luteolin, and 7-Methoxy-2-methyl isoflavone. GO functional enrichment analysis indicated 186 biological processes (BP), 23 molecular functions (MF) and 13 cellular components (CC). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed the enrichment of 59 signal pathways. The molecular docking results demonstrated that the active ingredients and core targets had a good docking affinity with a binding activity less than -7 kcal/mol. Finally, the western blotting illustrated that JS could up-regulate the liver PI3K/AKT-signaling pathway. CONCLUSION JS can regulate glucolipid metabolism, reduce the inflammatory response, improve insulin resistance and modulate the immune response through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway treating of T2DM and its complications effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpo Mao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
- School of Early Childhood Development, Chongqing Preschool Education College, China
| | - Shengwang Pan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiming Song
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
- Chinese Medicine Health Application Technology Promotion Center in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
- Chinese Medicine Health Application Technology Promotion Center in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Binbin Feng
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
- Chinese Medicine Health Application Technology Promotion Center in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhai Zhang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
- Chinese Medicine Health Application Technology Promotion Center in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
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Deng W, Zou H, Qian L, de Souza SC, Chen Q, Cao S. Stauntonia chinensis injection relieves neuropathic pain by increasing the expression of PSD-95 and reducing the proliferation of phagocytic microglia. IBRAIN 2023; 10:3-18. [PMID: 38682013 PMCID: PMC11045182 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation induced by engulfment of synapses by phagocytic microglia plays a crucial role in neuropathic pain. Stauntonia chinensis is extracted from Stauntonia chinensis DC, which has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine to control trigeminal neuralgia or sciatica. However, the specific anti-neuralgia mechanism of Stauntonia chinensis is unknown. In this study, the analgesic effect of Stauntonia chinensis injection (SCI) in mice with neuropathic pain and the possible mechanisms are explored. We find that a local injection of 0.1 mL Stauntonia chinensis for 14 days can considerably relieve mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia in mice with sciatic chronic constriction injury (CCI). Immunofluorescence staining shows that SCI reduces neuroinflammation in the spinal cord of CCI mice. RNA sequencing reveals that the expression of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), a postsynaptic scaffold protein, is downregulated in the spinal cord of CCI mice, but upregulated after SCI administration. Immunofluorescence experiments also demonstrate that SCI administration reverses microglia proliferation and PSD-95 downregulation in CCI mice. These data suggest that SCI relieves neuropathic pain by increasing the expression of PSD-95 and reducing the proliferation of phagocytic microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Deng
- Department of CardiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
- Guizhou Key Lab of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Helin Zou
- Guizhou Key Lab of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Pain MedicineGuizhou Provincial Orthopedics HospitalGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | | | - Qian Chen
- Department of Pain MedicineGuizhou Provincial Orthopedics HospitalGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Song Cao
- Guizhou Key Lab of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
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7
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Gao W, Zheng Z, Wang X, Wang L, Zhang N, Liu H, Cong X, Li S, Zhu Z. Protective Effects of Different Selenium Green Tea Polysaccharides on the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Mice. Foods 2023; 12:4190. [PMID: 38231654 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Selenium polysaccharides have attracted significant interest due to their superior function to that of individual polysaccharides. However, limited research has compared the protective effects of different selenium polysaccharides from different selenization methods on diabetes. This work aims to compare the preventive effects of natural selenium-enriched green tea polysaccharides (NSe-TPS), synthetic selenized green tea polysaccharides (PCSe-TPS), and a mixture of sodium selenite and green tea polysaccharides (ordinary tea polysaccharides (Ord-TPS)+Se) on the development of diabetes. While establishing a diabetes model induced by a high-sugar, high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin, different selenium polysaccharides were administered daily by gavage for nine weeks. Our findings indicate that PCSe-TPS exhibited superior preventive effects on developing type 2 diabetes compared to NSe-TPS and Ord-TPS+Se. PCSe-TPS effectively regulated glucose metabolism and insulin resistance by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway, thereby preventing elevated blood glucose levels. Additionally, PCSe-TPS mitigated oxidative damage and inflammatory responses in liver tissues. Notably, PCSe-TPS intervention reversed the decline in bacterial species richness and the abundance of unclassified_Oscillospiraceae during the development of diabetes in mice. These results provide valuable insights into the protective effects of PCSe-TPS against diabetes development, highlighting its advantages over NSe-TPS and Ord-TPS+Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilan Gao
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-Rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Zhan Zheng
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-Rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Xuehua Wang
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-Rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Li Wang
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-Rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Na Zhang
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-Rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Haiyuan Liu
- Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi 445000, China
| | - Xin Cong
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-Rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
- Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi 445000, China
| | - Shuyi Li
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-Rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Zhenzhou Zhu
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-Rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
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Luo G, Gong R, Ai Y, Zhu T, Ren Z. Identification of N6-Methyladenosine-Related Factors and the Prediction of the Regulatory Mechanism of Hair Follicle Development in Rex and Hycole Rabbits. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1448. [PMID: 37998047 PMCID: PMC10669094 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Hair follicle development directly affects the development of the rabbit fur industry. The growth and development of a hair follicle is modified and regulated by many genes and mechanisms. M6A is an important RNA modification. However, there are few studies on the effects of the regulation of m6A on hair follicle growth and development. In this study, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to explore the difference in hair follicle development between Rex rabbits and Hycole rabbits, and we performed m6A sequencing to identify the key genes with m6A modification in hair follicle growth. The results showed that the hair length, coarse hair percentage, primary hair follicle ratio, and skin thickness of Hycole rabbits were significantly higher than those of Rex rabbits. However, the proportion of secondary hair follicles in Hycole rabbits was significantly lower than that in Rex rabbits. In addition, we found five differential methylases, 20 differential genes, and 24 differential signaling pathways related to hair growth and development. The results of the Sankey diagram showed that 12 genes were related to 13 signal pathways. Finally, we found that five methylases regulated the development of hair follicles through differential genes/signal pathways. These findings laid a molecular foundation for the function of m6A modification in hair development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.L.); (R.G.); (Y.A.); (T.Z.)
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Ruiguang Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.L.); (R.G.); (Y.A.); (T.Z.)
| | - Yaotian Ai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.L.); (R.G.); (Y.A.); (T.Z.)
| | - Tongyan Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.L.); (R.G.); (Y.A.); (T.Z.)
| | - Zhanjun Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.L.); (R.G.); (Y.A.); (T.Z.)
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Zhou Y, Xu B. New insights into anti-diabetes effects and molecular mechanisms of dietary saponins. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12372-12397. [PMID: 35866515 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term metabolic disorder that manifests as chronic hyperglycemia and impaired insulin, bringing a heavy load on the global health care system. Considering the inevitable side effects of conventional anti-diabetic drugs, saponins-rich natural products exert promising therapeutic properties to serve as safer and more cost-effective alternatives for DM management. Herein, this review systematically summarized the research progress on the anti-diabetic properties of dietary saponins and their underlying molecular mechanisms in the past 20 years. Dietary saponins possessed the multidirectional anti-diabetic capabilities by concurrent regulation of various signaling pathways, such as IRS-1/PI3K/Akt, AMPK, Nrf2/ARE, NF-κB-NLRP3, SREBP-1c, and PPARγ, in liver, pancreas, gut, and skeletal muscle. However, the industrialization and commercialization of dietary saponin-based drugs are confronted with a significant challenge due to the low bioavailability and lack of the standardization. Hence, in-depth evaluations in pharmacological profile, function-structure interaction, drug-signal pathway interrelation are essential for developing dietary saponins-based anti-diabetic treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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10
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Su J, Tang L, Luo Y, Xu J, Ouyang S. Research progress on drugs for diabetes based on insulin receptor/insulin receptor substrate. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115830. [PMID: 37748666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The number of people with diabetes worldwide is increasing annually, resulting in a serious economic burden. Insulin resistance is a major pathology in the early onset of diabetes mellitus, and therefore, related drug studies have attracted research attention. The insulin receptor/insulin receptor substrate (INSR/IRS) serves as the primary conduit in the insulin signal transduction cascade, and dysregulation of this pathway can lead to insulin resistance. Currently, there exist a plethora of hypoglycemic drugs in the market; however, drugs that specifically target INSR/IRS are comparatively limited. The literature was collected by direct access to the PubMed database, and was searched using the terms "diabetes mellitus; insulin resistance; insulin receptor; insulin receptor substrate; diabetes drug" as the main keywords for literature over the last decade. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the structure and function of INSR and IRS proteins, as well as the drugs used for the treatment of diabetes. Additionally, it serves as a valuable reference for the advancement of novel therapeutic agents for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions of Fujian Province University, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Lu Tang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions of Fujian Province University, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Yingsheng Luo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions of Fujian Province University, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Jingran Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions of Fujian Province University, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Songying Ouyang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions of Fujian Province University, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
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11
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Wang X, Sun R, Liu R, Liu R, Sui W, Geng J, Zhu Q, Wu T, Zhang M. Sodium alginate-sodium hyaluronate-hydrolyzed silk for microencapsulation and sustained release of kidney tea saponin: The regulation of human intestinal flora in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126117. [PMID: 37541481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Kidney tea saponin (KTS) exhibits considerable efficacy in lowering glucose levels; however, it does not have widespread applications owing to its low intestinal utilization. Therefore, in the present study, we prepared sodium alginate (SA)/sodium hyaluronate (HA)/hydrolyzed silk (SF) gel beads for the effective encapsulation and targeted intestinal release of KTS. The gel beads exhibited an encapsulation rate of 90.67 % ± 0.27 % and a loading capacity of 3.11 ± 0.21 mg/mL; furthermore, the release rate of KTS was 95.46 % ± 0.02 % after 8 h of simulated digestion. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the hydroxyl in SA/HA/SF-KTS was shifted toward the strong peak; this was related to KTS encapsulation. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy revealed that the gel bead space network facilitates KTS encapsulation. In addition, the ability of KTS and the gel beads to inhibit α-amylase (IC50 = 0.93 and 1.37 mg/mL, respectively) and α-glucosidase enzymes (IC50 = 1.17 and 0.93 mg/mL, respectively) was investigated. In vitro colonic fermentation experiments revealed that KTS increased the abundance of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and butyric acid-producing bacteria. The study showed that the developed gel-loading system plays a vital role in delivering bioactive substances, achieving slow release, and increasing the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ronghao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wenjie Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jieting Geng
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Qiaomei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China.
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Wang W, Yang W, Dai Y, Liu J, Chen ZY. Production of Food-Derived Bioactive Peptides with Potential Application in the Management of Diabetes and Obesity: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37027889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and obesity is increasing worldwide. Bioactive peptides are naturally present in foods or in food-derived proteins. Recent research has shown that these bioactive peptides have an array of possible health benefits in the management of diabetes and obesity. First, this review will summarize the top-down and bottom-up production methods of the bioactive peptides from different protein sources. Second, the digestibility, bioavailability, and metabolic fate of the bioactive peptides are discussed. Last, the present review will discuss and explore the mechanisms by which these bioactive peptides help against obesity and diabetes based on in vitro and in vivo studies. Although several clinical studies have demonstrated that bioactive peptides are beneficial in alleviating diabetes and obesity, more double-blind randomized controlled trials are needed in the future. This review has provided novel insights into the potential of food-derived bioactive peptides as functional foods or nutraceuticals to manage obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenjian Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Dai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- Food & Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Gui H, Chen X, Ye L, Ma H. Seven basement membrane-specific expressed genes are considered potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:493-505. [PMID: 36627452 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-022-02027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a diabetes-related chronic vasculitis. DN diminishes kidney function over time and, of course, leads to end stage renal disease in people (ESRD). In spite of the advances in diagnostic and treatment methods for DN, DN continues to impose a significant physical and psychological burden on patients, severely impacting their quality of life, making the hunt for novel therapeutic targets necessary. METHODS The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray datasets GSE1009, GSE30122, GSE142153, and GSE96804 were downloaded to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in kidney tissues from patients in the DN group and normal controls. These three datasets were examined for genes associated with basement membranes (BMs) with differential gene expression. The target genes were then subjected to gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. BM-related genes underwent PPI network analysis and screening of the top 10 hub genes, along with immune infiltration analysis and column line graph model development. Finally, we conducted DN therapeutic medication prediction and the creation of something like a miRNA network for genetic markers with BMs. RESULTS Seven candidate BM-related genes (COL4A1, COL4A2, COL6A2, COL6A3, FN1, ITGQ4, and LAMB1) with acceptable helps the healthcare were discovered. Enrichment analysis of diabetes-related genes event occurred the role of biological processes including extracellular matrix organization, extracellular structural organization, and collagen-containing extracellular matrix, as well as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, in diabetic complications. These genes may also be associated in immune cells and autoimmune activities, such as Macrophages and MHC class I, in order to impact the immune process in DN. In the meanwhile, based on these seven BM-related genes, we discovered that Ginsenoside Rh1 was very significant for drug targeting. CONCLUSIONS This research identified seven BM-related genes as possible diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for DN. Analysis of inflammatory infiltration indicated that these genes may be important in inflammatory processes through Macrophages and MHC class I, hence impacting the course and development of DN illness. The development of a correlated column line graph model for it also shown excellent predictive capabilities. In addition, we have found pharmaceuticals, such as Ginsenoside Rh1, that may provide fresh insights into the personalized management of patients with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- HouShan Gui
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, China
| | - LuFen Ye
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Yichun University School of Aesthetic Medicine, No. 576 Yuanzhou District, Yichun, 336000, Jiangxi Province, China.
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14
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Omale S, Amagon KI, Johnson TO, Bremner SK, Gould GW. A systematic analysis of anti-diabetic medicinal plants from cells to clinical trials. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14639. [PMID: 36627919 PMCID: PMC9826616 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes is one of the fastest-growing health emergencies of the 21st century, placing a severe economic burden on many countries. Current management approaches have improved diabetic care, but several limitations still exist, such as decreased efficacy, adverse effects, and the high cost of treatment, particularly for developing nations. There is, therefore, a need for more cost-effective therapies for diabetes management. The evidence-based application of phytochemicals from plants in the management of diseases is gaining traction. Methodology Various plants and plant parts have been investigated as antidiabetic agents. This review sought to collate and discuss published data on the cellular and molecular effects of medicinal plants and phytochemicals on insulin signaling pathways to better understand the current trend in using plant products in the management of diabetes. Furthermore, we explored available information on medicinal plants that consistently produced hypoglycemic effects from isolated cells to animal studies and clinical trials. Results There is substantial literature describing the effects of a range of plant extracts on insulin action and insulin signaling, revealing a depth in knowledge of molecular detail. Our exploration also reveals effective antidiabetic actions in animal studies, and clear translational potential evidenced by clinical trials. Conclusion We suggest that this area of research should be further exploited in the search for novel therapeutics for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon Omale
- African Centre for Excellence in Phytomedicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Kennedy I. Amagon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Titilayo O. Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Shaun Kennedy Bremner
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Gwyn W. Gould
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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15
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Lee HA, Lee JK, Han JS. Betulinic acid improves TNF- α-induced insulin resistance by inhibiting negative regulator of insulin signalling and inflammation-activated protein kinase in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36070616 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2022.2120503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity is related to insulin resistance, and adipose tissue-secreted TNF-α may play a role in inducing obesity. TNF-α activates inflammatory protein kinase and impairs insulin signalling. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effect of betulinic acid on insulin resistance caused by TNF-α treatment in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. MATERIAL AND METHODS 3T3-L1 was exposed to TNF-α in the presence and absence of betulinic acid. Various parameters such as glucose uptake assay, cell viability, expression of proteins involved in insulin resistance were studied. RESULTS Betulinic acid increased glucose uptake in TNF-α pre-treated cells and inhibited the activation of PTP1B and JNK and reduced IκBα degradation. Tyrosine phosphorylation was increased, and serine phosphorylation was decreased in IRS-1. DISCUSSION Betulinic acid restored TNF-α impaired insulin signalling and increased PI3K activation and phosphorylation of Akt and increased plasma membrane expression of GLUT 4, which stimulated glucose uptake concentration-dependently. CONCLUSION These results suggest that betulinic acid is effective at improving TNF-α-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibiting the activation of negative regulator of insulin signalling and inflammation-activated protein kinase and may potentially improve insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ah Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kyung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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16
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Wei J, Wang B, Chen Y, Wang Q, Ahmed AF, Cui L, Xi X, Kang W. Effects of two triterpenoids from Nigella sativa seeds on insulin resistance of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Front Nutr 2022; 9:995550. [PMID: 36082026 PMCID: PMC9445806 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.995550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a physiological abnormality that occurs when insulin fails to activate the signal transduction pathway in target organs. It was found that supplementation of Nigella sativa seeds with oral antidiabetic medicines helps improve blood glucose control by enhanced β cells activity and alleviation of IR. However, the activities and related mechanisms of phytochemicals from N. sativa seeds have not been thoroughly explored. In this study, the effects of two triterpenoids, 3-O-[β-D-xylopyranose-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnose-(1→2)-α-L-arabinose]-28-O-[α-L-rhamnose-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranose-L-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranose]-hederagenin (Hxrarg) and 3-O-[β-D-xylopyranose-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnose-(1→2)-α-L-arabinose]-hederagenin (Hxra), on IR were studied by 3T3-L1 adipocytes model. The results demonstrated that Hxrarg and Hxra inhibited maturation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, dramatically stimulated glucose uptake of IR-3T3-L1 adipocytes, promoted transcription of IRS, AKT, PI-3K, and GLUT4 mRNA. Western Blot results suggested that Hxrarg and Hxra were able to markedly up-regulate expression of p-IRS, p-AKT, PI-3K, and GLUT4 proteins. These findings could provide a basic foundation for the continued development and application of N. sativa in medicine and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Wei
- National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Henan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baoguang Wang
- National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yixiao Chen
- National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qiuyi Wang
- National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Adel F. Ahmed
- National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Researches Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Lili Cui
- National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Cui,
| | - Xuefeng Xi
- National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- College of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Xuefeng Xi,
| | - Wenyi Kang
- National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Kaifeng, China
- Wenyi Kang,
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Mining Therapeutic Efficacy from Treasure Chest of Biodiversity and Chemodiversity: Pharmacophylogeny of Ranunculales Medicinal Plants. Chin J Integr Med 2022; 28:1111-1126. [PMID: 35809180 PMCID: PMC9282152 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3576-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ranunculales, comprising of 7 families that are rich in medicinal species frequently utilized by traditional medicine and ethnomedicine, represents a treasure chest of biodiversity and chemodiversity. The phylogenetically related species often have similar chemical profile, which makes them often possess similar therapeutic spectrum. This has been validated by both ethnomedicinal experiences and pharmacological investigations. This paper summarizes molecular phylogeny, chemical constituents, and therapeutic applications of Ranunculales, i.e., a pharmacophylogeny study of this representative medicinal order. The phytochemistry/metabolome, ethnomedicine and bioactivity/pharmacology data are incorporated within the phylogenetic framework of Ranunculales. The most studied compounds of this order include benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, saponin and lignan, etc. Bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids are especially abundant in Berberidaceae and Menispermaceae. The most frequent ethnomedicinal uses are arthritis, heat-clearing and detoxification, carbuncle-abscess and sore-toxin. The most studied bioactivities are anticancer/cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities, etc. The pharmacophylogeny analysis, integrated with both traditional and modern medicinal uses, agrees with the molecular phylogeny based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences, in which Ranunculales is divided into Ranunculaceae, Berberidaceae, Menispermaceae, Lardizabalaceae, Circaeasteraceae, Papaveraceae, and Eupteleaceae families. Chemical constituents and therapeutic efficacy of each taxonomic group are reviewed and the underlying connection between phylogeny, chemodiversity and clinical uses is revealed, which facilitate the conservation and sustainable utilization of Ranunculales pharmaceutical resources, as well as developing novel plant-based pharmacotherapy.
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Park JE, Son J, Seo Y, Han JS. HM-Chromanone Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091951. [PMID: 35565920 PMCID: PMC9101766 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of (E)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-4-chromanone (HMC) on hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia were investigated in diabetic mice. Mice were separated into three groups: db/db, rosiglitazone and HMC. Blood glucose or glycosylated hemoglobin values in HMC-treated mice were significantly lower compared to db/db mice. Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride values were lower, and HDL-C levels were higher, in the HMC group compared to the diabetic and rosiglitazone groups. HMC markedly increased IRS-1Tyr612, AktSer473 and PI3K levels and plasma membrane GLUT4 levels in skeletal muscle, suggesting improved insulin resistance. HMC also significantly stimulated AMPKThr172 and PPARα in the liver, and ameliorated dyslipidemia by inhibiting SREBP-1c and FAS. Consequently, HMC reduced hyperglycemia by improving the expression of insulin-resistance-related genes and improved dyslipidemia by regulating fatty acid synthase and oxidation-related genes in db/db mice. Therefore, HMC could ameliorate hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Eun Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Jaemin Son
- Division of Marine Bioscience, Ocean Science & Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea; (J.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Youngwan Seo
- Division of Marine Bioscience, Ocean Science & Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea; (J.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Ji Sook Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-2836; Fax: +82-51-583-3648
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Luo D, Dong X, Huang J, Huang C, Fang G, Huang Y. Pueraria lobata root polysaccharide alleviates glucose and lipid metabolic dysfunction in diabetic db/db mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:382-390. [PMID: 33794128 PMCID: PMC8018507 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1898648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi (Fabaceae) root extract can lower blood glucose levels; however, whether Pueraria lobata root polysaccharide (PLP) possesses these effects is still unknown. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the therapeutic effect of PLP on diabetic metabolic syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS The db/m mice were assigned to normal control group (NC), db/db mice were divided into four groups randomly (n = 8). The db/db mice received rosiglitazone (10 mg/kg BW) or PLP (100 or 200 mg/kg BW) via oral gavage for 6 weeks. Afterward, blood glucose, insulin, and glycogen content were assayed, and insulin tolerance test (ITT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed. Glucose and lipid metabolism-related parameters and gene expression levels were assayed by ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS After treatment with HPLP, the values of body weight, epididymal fat, subcutaneous fat, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR decreased to 45.89 ± 1.66 g, 1.65 ± 0.14 g, 1.97 ± 0.16 g, 14.84 ± 1.52 mM, 9.35 ± 0.98 mU/L, and 5.56 ± 1.26, respectively; the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, and FFA decreased to 1.67 ± 0.11 mmol/L, 6.23 ± 0.76 mmol/L, 1.29 ± 0.07 mmol/L, and 1.71 ± 0.16 mmol/L, respectively. HPLP down-regulated PEPCK, G6PC, FOXO1, SREBP-1, and ACC mRNA expression (p < 0.01), and up-regulated GS, Akt2, PI3K, GLUT2, PPARα, and LDLR mRNA expression in the liver (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION PLP exerts antidiabetic effects via activating the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, thus improving insulin resistance, glucose, and lipid metabolism in db/db mice. Thus, PLP may be considered as a potential antidiabetic agent in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiaokang Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Health, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Huang
- Clinical Education Management Division, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guowei Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yanqin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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Martina SJ, Lelo A, Lindarto D, Ganie RA, Ichwan M, Yusuf H, Ilyas S, Nasution IP. The Effect of Coffee Arabica Gayo Leaf Extract (Coffea arabica L.) in Increasing Phosphoinositide 3-kinase and Glucose Transporter-4 Expression in the Skeletal Muscle. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.5985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic and progressive metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion associated with a lack of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) expression in the skeletal muscle membrane.
AIM: The aim of the study is to understand the effect of coffee Arabica Gayo leaf extract (Coffea arabica L.) in increasing PI3K expression and GLUT-4 expression in the skeletal muscle membrane.
METHODS: Thirty-five male Wistar rats with Type 2 DM (T2DM) induced using a combination of a high-fat diet for 5 weeks followed by multiple intraperitoneal injections of low-dose streptozotocin (30 mg/kg). Divided into seven groups as such two groups that did not receive treatment and five groups that received treatment. The dosage administered was 150, 200, and 250 mg/kg/day through the nasogastric tube for 30 days. PI3K and GLUT-4 expression in the skeletal muscle membrane was evaluated by Immunohistochemistry in their gastrocnemius muscles.
RESULTS: The study showed an increased expression of PI3K and GLUT-4 expression. There was a significant difference between coffee Arabica Gayo leaf extract and Metformin in increasing GLUT-4 expression (p = 0.036) and PI3K expression between coffee Arabica Gayo dose 250 mg/kg/day and group without treatment (p = 0.008).
CONCLUSION: Coffee Arabica Gayo leaf extract (C. arabica L) at a dose of 250 mg/kg/day can increase PI3K expression in skeletal muscle and a dose of 200 mg/kg/day and 250 mg/kg/day can increase the expression of GLUT-4 in the skeletal muscle membrane greater than metformin.
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21
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Zhu J, Wu M, Zhou H, Cheng L, Wei X, Wang Y. Liubao brick tea activates the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to lower blood glucose, metabolic disorders and insulin resistance via altering the intestinal flora. Food Res Int 2021; 148:110594. [PMID: 34507739 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes and its related metabolic disorders are worldwide public health issues. Many studies have shown that changes in the structure and composition of the intestinal flora are closely related to the host's physiological and pathological processes. In this study, we aim to explore the effect of Liubao tea (LBT) extract on hyperglycemic mice with metabolic disorders and intestinal flora dysbiosis and to further study its regulatory effect on insulin resistance and its potential regulatory mechanism. Our results show that LBT had a good hypoglycemic effect and could significantly alleviate the metabolic disorder evoked by hyperglycemia. The gut microbial sequencing showed that LBT treatment increased the diversity of intestinal flora, increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, and reduced the abundance of harmful or conditional pathogenic bacteria, as well as significantly altered 39 of the top 50 OTUs with abundance. Besides, LBT could activate the PI3K-Akt-PPARs-GLUT2 cascade signaling pathway to improve metabolic disorders, thereby alleviating insulin resistance. These results suggest that LBT has excellent potential to become a natural functional food for the prevention of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxiong Zhu
- Institute of Food Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Meirong Wu
- Institute of Food Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Institute of Food Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Lizeng Cheng
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinlin Wei
- Institute of Food Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China; Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- Institute of Food Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China.
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22
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Taxifolin and Sorghum Ethanol Extract Protect against Hepatic Insulin Resistance via the miR-195/IRS1/PI3K/AKT and AMPK Signalling Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091331. [PMID: 34572963 PMCID: PMC8465682 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of taxifolin and sorghum ethanol extract on free fatty acid (FFA)-induced hepatic insulin resistance. FFA treatment decreased glucose uptake by 16.2% compared with that in the control, whereas taxifolin and sorghum ethanol extract increased the glucose uptake. Additionally, taxifolin and sorghum ethanol extract increased the expression of p-PI3K, p-IRS1, p-AKT, p-AMPK, and p-ACC in FFA-induced hepatocytes. Furthermore, FFA treatment increased the expression of miR-195. However, compared with the FFA treatment, treatment with taxifolin and sorghum ethanol extract decreased miR-195 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Taxifolin and sorghum ethanol extract enhanced p-IRS1, p-PI3K, p-AMPK, p-AKT, and p-ACC expression by suppressing miR-195 levels in miR-195 mimic- or inhibitor-transfected cells. These results indicate that taxifolin and sorghum ethanol extract attenuate insulin resistance by regulating miR-195 expression, which suggests that taxifolin and sorghum ethanol extract may be useful antidiabetic agents.
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23
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Zhang Y, Pan D, Yang Z, Gao X, Dang Y. Angiotensin I-Converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-Ⅳ) inhibitory activity of umami peptides from Ruditapes philippinarum. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Anti-Inflammatory Properties In Vitro and Hypoglycaemic Effects of Phenolics from Cultivated Fruit Body of Phellinus baumii in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082285. [PMID: 33920885 PMCID: PMC8071318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary intervention in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a hotspot in international research because of potential threats to human health. Phellinus baumii, a wild fungus traditionally used as a food and medicine source, is now cultivated in certain East Asian countries, and is rich in polyphenols, which are effective anti-inflammatory ingredients useful in treatment of T2DM, with fewer side effects than drugs. To examine the hypoglycaemic effects of Phellinus baumii phenolics (PPE), the metabolite profiles of T2DM mice induced by streptozotocin after PPE intervention were systematically analyzed. Here, 10 normal mice were given normal saline as control group, and 50 model mice were randomly assigned to five groups and daily intragastric administrated with saline, metformin (100 mg/kg), and PPE (50, 100, 150 mg/kg of body weight), for 60 days. The pro-inflammatory factor contents of lipopolysaccharide stimulation of RAW 264.7 cells were decreased in a dose-dependent manner after PPE treatment, we propose that PPE could exert anti-inflammatory properties. PPE could also effectively reduce blood glucose levels, increased insulin sensitivity, and improved other glucolipid metabolism. Q-PCR results suggested that the hypoglycemic effects of PPE might be through activating IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway in diabetic mice. These results suggest that PPE has strong potential as dietary components in the prevention or management of T2DM.
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25
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Bian G, Yang J, Elango J, Wu W, Bao B, Bao C. Natural Triterpenoids Isolated from Akebia trifoliata Stem Explants Exert a Hypoglycemic Effect via α-Glucosidase Inhibition and Glucose Uptake Stimulation in Insulin-Resistant HepG2 Cells. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2001030. [PMID: 33779055 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202001030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of α-glucosidase activity is a prospective approach to attenuate postprandial hyperglycemia in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Herein, the inhibition of α-glucosidase by three compounds T1 -T3 of Akebia trifoliata stem, namely hederagenin (T1 ), 3-epiakebonoic acid (T2 ), and arjunolic acid (T3 ) were investigated using enzyme kinetics and molecular docking analysis. The three triterpenoids exhibited excellent inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase. T1 -T3 showed the strongest inhibition with IC50 values of 42.1±5.4, 19.6±3.2, and 11.2±2.3 μM, respectively, compared to the acarbose positive control (IC50 =106.3±8.2). Enzyme inhibition kinetics showed that triterpenoids T1 -T3 demonstrated competitive, mixed, and noncompetitive-type inhibition against α-glucosidase, respectively. The inhibition constant (Ki ) values were 21.21, 7.70, and 3.18 μM, respectively. Docking analysis determined that the interaction of ligands T1 -T3 and α-glucosidase was mainly forced by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, which could result in improved binding to the active site of the target enzyme. The insulin resistant (IR)-HepG2 cell model used in this study (HepG2 cells exposed to 10-7 M insulin for 24 h) and glucose uptake assays showed that compounds T1 -T3 had no cytotoxicity with concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 25 μM and displayed significant stimulation of glucose uptake in IR-HepG2 cells. Thus, triterpenoids T1 -T3 showed dual therapeutic effects of α-glucosidase inhibition and glucose uptake stimulation and could be used as potential medicinal resources to investigate new antidiabetic agents for the prevention or treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Bian
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Yang
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Jeevithan Elango
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China.,National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Bin Bao
- National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Chunling Bao
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
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26
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Luo Z, Fu C, Li T, Gao Q, Miao D, Xu J, Zhao Y. Hypoglycemic Effects of Licochalcone A on the Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice and Its Mechanism Study. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2444-2456. [PMID: 33605141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a type of metabolic illness based on relatively insufficient insulin secretion and insulin resistance (IR) as pathophysiological bases. Currently, it is the main type of diabetes. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of licochalcone A (LicA) on high-fat diet and streptozocin-caused T2DM were studied. LicA can remarkably decline the IR index and blood glucose and serum lipid levels. Also, the treatment of LicA can improve the "three more and one less" phenomenon in T2DM mice, such as excessive drinking, eating, urine, and weight loss. In addition, LicA can improve oral glucose tolerance, pancreatic injury, and liver enlargement in T2DM mice. Network pharmacology analysis demonstrated that the observed pharmacological effects were mediated by regulating the insulin signal transduction pathway. Therefore, the PI3K/Akt-signaling pathway was selected for verification; it was demonstrated that LicA could improve the insulin-signaling pathway, protect islet cells, improve IR, reduce blood glucose levels, and alleviate lipid metabolism disorder. Its mechanism of influence may be closely related to LicA up-regulating the liver and pancreas IRS-2/PI3K/AKT-signaling pathway. Among them, the high-dose group of LicA had the best effect, which provided an idea for the use of LicA as a nutritional agent in the cure of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Luo
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chaofan Fu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tao Li
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qingqing Gao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dongyu Miao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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27
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Anti-diabetic effect by walnut (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.)-derived peptide LPLLR through inhibiting α-glucosidase and α-amylase, and alleviating insulin resistance of hepatic HepG2 cells. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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28
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Luo J, Chai Y, Zhao M, Guo Q, Bao Y. Hypoglycemic effects and modulation of gut microbiota of diabetic mice by saponin fromPolygonatum sibiricum. Food Funct 2020; 11:4327-4338. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00428f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Polygonatum sibiricumis a medicinal and homologous plant grown in China. The saponin inPolygonatum sibiricumhas shown its good hypoglycemic performance, and it can be developed as functional foods and drugs with hypoglycemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Luo
- School of Forestry
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- PR China
| | - Yangyang Chai
- School of Forestry
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province
| | - Min Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province
- Harbin 150040
- PR China
- College of Life Sciences
- Northeast Forestry University
| | - Qingqi Guo
- School of Forestry
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province
| | - Yihong Bao
- School of Forestry
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province
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29
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Xu J, Yang L, Wang R, Zeng K, Fan B, Zhao Z. The biflavonoids as protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors from Selaginella uncinata and their antihyperglycemic action. Fitoterapia 2019; 137:104255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Francini F, Schinella GR, Ríos JL. Activation of AMPK by Medicinal Plants and Natural Products: Its Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:880-901. [PMID: 30484403 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666181128120726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Type-2 Diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease characterized by permanent hyperglycemia, whose development can be prevented or delayed by using therapeutic agents and implementing lifestyle changes. Some therapeutic alternatives include regulation of glycemia through modulation of different mediators and enzymes, such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a highly relevant cellular energy sensor for metabolic homeostasis regulation, with particular relevance in the modulation of liver and muscle insulin sensitivity. This makes it a potential therapeutic target for antidiabetic drugs. In fact, some of them are standard drugs used for treatment of T2D, such as biguanides and thiazolidindiones. In this review, we compile the principal natural products that are activators of AMPK and their effect on glucose metabolism, which could make them candidates as future antidiabetic agents. Phenolics such as flavonoids and resveratrol, alkaloids such as berberine, and some saponins are potential natural activators of AMPK with a potential future as antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Francini
- Centro de Endocrinologia Experimental y Aplicada, (CONICET-CCT La Plata-UNLP FCM, CEAS CICPBA), Argentina
| | - Guillermo R Schinella
- Cátedra de Farmacología Básica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.,Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, La Plata, Argentina
| | - José-Luis Ríos
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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31
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Paudel P, Seong SH, Jung HA, Choi JS. Rubrofusarin as a Dual Protein Tyrosine Phosphate 1B and Human Monoamine Oxidase-A Inhibitor: An in Vitro and in Silico Study. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11621-11630. [PMID: 31460269 PMCID: PMC6682096 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A number of nature-derived biologically active compounds comprise glycosides. In some cases, the glycosidic residue is needed for bioactivity; however, in other cases, glycosylation just improves some pharmacokinetic/dynamic parameters. The patterns of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and human monoamine oxidase A (hMAO-A) inhibition by rubrofusarin 6-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), rubrofusarin 6-O-β-d-gentiobioside (2), rubrofusarin triglucoside (3), and cassiaside B2 (4) were compared with the aglycone, rubrofusarin, isolated from Cassia obtusifolia seeds. Rubrofusarin showed potent inhibition against the PTP1B enzyme (IC50; 16.95 ± 0.49 μM), and its glycosides reduced activity (IC50; 87.36 ± 1.08 μM for 1 and >100 μM for 2-4) than did the reference drug, ursolic acid (IC50; 2.29 ± 0.04 μM). Similarly, in hMAO-A inhibition, rubrofusarin displayed the most potent activity with an IC50 value of 5.90 ± 0.99 μM, which was twice better than the reference drug, deprenyl HCl (IC50; 10.23 ± 0.82 μM). An enzyme kinetic and molecular docking study revealed rubrofusarin to be a mixed-competitive inhibitor of both these enzymes. In a western blot analysis, rubrofusarin increased glucose uptake significantly and decreased the PTP1B expression in a dose-dependent manner in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells, increased the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) and phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 (p-IRS1) (Tyr 895), and decreased the expression of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), key enzymes of gluconeogenesis. Our overall results show that glycosylation retards activity; however, it reduces toxicity. Thus, Cassia seed as functional food and rubrofusarin as a base can be used for the development of therapeutic agents against comorbid diabetes and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Paudel
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Jung
- Department
of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk
National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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32
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Hypoglycemic effects of esculeoside A are mediated via activation of AMPK and upregulation of IRS-1. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:136. [PMID: 31215434 PMCID: PMC6582491 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2543-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Tomato fruit (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) has been suggested to be useful for the prevention of diabetes. Esculeoside A is the main saponin compounds in tomatoes. This study investigated the hypoglycemic effects and the underlying mechanism of esculeoside A in C57BLKS/Leprdb (db/db) mice. Methods Wild-type C57BLKS (db/dm) mice were used in the db/dm mouse group and db/db mice were randomly divided into 2 groups: untreated and treated db/db mouse groups. Esculeoside A (100 mg/kg) was administered by gavage for 56 days to the treated db/db mouse group. Distilled water was administered to the db/dm mouse group and the untreated db/db mouse group. The blood and liver biochemical parameters and the expression of liver insulin signaling-related proteins were examined. Results The results showed that esculeoside A reduced the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and improved the glucose tolerance. Further investigation revealed that hepatic protein expressions of total AMP-activated protein kinase (T-AMPK), phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and glucokinase (GCK) were significantly upregulated after esculeoside A treatment. In contrast, the hepatic protein expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) was significantly downregulated by esculeoside A treatment. Conclusion These findings suggested that esculeoside A has a potential of alleviating the metabolic abnormalities in db/db mice via regulation of AMPK/IRS-1 pathway. Our findings supported a possible application of esculeoside A as a functional supplement for diabetes treatment.
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33
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Kariya T, Takahashi K, Itagaki D, Hasegawa Y. Scallop mantle extract inhibits insulin signaling in HepG2 cells. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:2159-2166. [PMID: 31289664 PMCID: PMC6593379 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Scallops are important marine products in Hokkaido, Japan. Not only scallop adductor muscle but also mantle is often eaten at sashimi or smoking in Japan. We showed previously that feeding the scallop mantle epithelial cell layer causes an increase in serum glucose concentration and the death of rats. To clarify the mechanism of glucose metabolism disorder by mantle epithelial cell layer, we investigated whether extracts from mantle tissue (mantle extract) induce insulin resistance using HepG2 cells. Mantle extract suppressed insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt, key protein which is involved in insulin signaling. In addition, treatment of HepG2 cells with mantle extract decreased significantly glycogen content and mRNA expression levels of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) involved in gluconeogenesis, suggesting that mantle extract inhibits insulin signaling. These results show that mantle extract inhibits insulin signaling in HepG2 cells, suggesting that an increase in serum glucose concentration in vivo may be due to the inhibition of insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Kariya
- College of Environmental TechnologyMuroran Institute of TechnologyMuroranJapan
| | - Koto Takahashi
- College of Environmental TechnologyMuroran Institute of TechnologyMuroranJapan
| | - Daisuke Itagaki
- College of Environmental TechnologyMuroran Institute of TechnologyMuroranJapan
| | - Yasushi Hasegawa
- College of Environmental TechnologyMuroran Institute of TechnologyMuroranJapan
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34
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Qu LX, Liu YQ, Wang Y, Wang H, Huang XL, Zhang ML, Mou YX, Xu TH, Zhu YD. Diterpenoid and triterpenoid glycosides from Clinopodium chinense. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:25-33. [PMID: 31135216 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1611811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Two new compounds, including a diterpenoid glycoside (1) and a triterpenoid glycoside (6), along with six known compounds were isolated from Clinopodium chinense. The structures of the new compounds were determined on basis of extensive spectral analysis and chemical method. Compounds 1-8 were evaluated for their insulin resistance effect and cytotoxic activity against the A549 and HepG2 cancer cell lines. None of the compounds were cytotoxic (IC50 > 100 μM), while compounds 1-3 and 5 showed the activity of ameliorating insulin resistance in HepG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Xia Qu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Health-cultivation Laboratory of the Ministry Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Health-cultivation Laboratory of the Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Qiao Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Health-cultivation Laboratory of the Ministry Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Health-cultivation Laboratory of the Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Health-cultivation Laboratory of the Ministry Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Health-cultivation Laboratory of the Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xue-Li Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong-Xiao Mou
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tun-Hai Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Health-cultivation Laboratory of the Ministry Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Health-cultivation Laboratory of the Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yin-Di Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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35
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Hu S, Fan X, Qi P, Zhang X. Identification of anti-diabetes peptides from Spirulina platensis. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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36
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Gamede M, Mabuza L, Ngubane P, Khathi A. Plant-Derived Oleanolic Acid (OA) Ameliorates Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases in a Diet-Induced Pre-Diabetic Rat Model: Effects on Selected Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020340. [PMID: 30669379 PMCID: PMC6359497 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of prediabetes is associated with risk factors such as chronic consumption of an unhealthy diet. Recent studies have reported that diet-induced pre-diabetes is also associated with risk factors of cardiovascular complications, hence this study was aimed at evaluating the effects of oleanolic acid (OA) on pre-diabetes rats. Pre-diabetes was induced by chronic exposure of Sprague Dawley rats (SD) to high-fat high-carbohydrate diet (20 weeks), whereas the non-pre-diabetes control (NC) was given standard rat chow. Pre-diabetes animals were grouped into five groups namely prediabetes control (PC), metformin treated (Met), metformin with diet intervention (Met + DI), oleanolic acid treated (OA), and oleanolic acid with diet intervention (OA + DI) then treated for 12 weeks. At the end of treatment, all animals were sacrificed where organs and tissues were harvested for biochemical analysis and histological studies. The results showed that PC had a significantly higher triglycerides (TGs), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), C-reactive protein (CRP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and hearts weights in comparison to NC (p < 0.05). However, the administration of OA, in both the presence and absence of dietary intervention showed a significant decrease in TGs, LDL-C, IL-6, TNFα, CRP, MAP, hearts weights (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the administration of OA was able to lower the risks of developing CVDs in pre-diabetes rat model through ameliorating dyslipidaemia, oxidative stress, hypertension, and low-grade inflammation. Therefore OA has the potential to be used as an alternative treatment to prevent the onset of CVDs during pre-diabetes stage even in the absence of dietary and lifestyle intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mlindeli Gamede
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa.
| | - Lindokuhle Mabuza
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa.
| | - Phikelelani Ngubane
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa.
| | - Andile Khathi
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa.
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Chen HW, Yang MY, Hung TW, Chang YC, Wang CJ. Nelumbo nucifera leaves extract attenuate the pathological progression of diabetic nephropathy in high-fat diet-fed and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:736-748. [PMID: 31324289 PMCID: PMC9307034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is not only a common and severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus but also the leading cause of renal failure. Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) possesses antioxidative and anticancer properties. The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic and renoprotective effects of N. nucifera leaf extract (NLE) in a rat model of type 2 diabetic mellitus. Male Sprague–Dawley rats with type 2 diabetes induced by a high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ) were treated with NLE at dosages of 0.5% and 1% (w/w) daily for 6 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, body weight, serum glucose levels, insulin levels, and kidney function were assessed. Furthermore, antioxidant enzyme and lipid peroxide levels were determined in the kidney, and histopathological examination was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid Schiff staining, and Masson trichrome staining. To shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying the functioning of NLE, mouse glomerular mesangial cells (MES-13) treated with high glucose (HG, 25 mM glucose) were chosen as a model for an examination of the signal transduction pathway of NLE. The results revealed that NLE improved diabetic kidney injury by reducing blood glucose, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in kidney tissue. Treatment with NLE significantly reduced the malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels and increased serum insulin levels; expression of renal superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities; and glutathione content. Histological studies have also demonstrated that NLE treatment inhibited the dilation of Bowman’s capsule, which confirmed its renoprotective action in diabetes. In addition, treatment with NLE and its major component quercetin 3-glucuronide attenuated 25 mM HG-induced suppressed nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and antioxidant enzyme expression in MES-13 cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that NLE may have antidiabetic and renoprotective effects against HFD/STZ-induced diabetes, at least in part, through antioxidative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Wei Chen
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Mon-Yuan Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hung
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Zhao D, Lv Q, Yang J, Wu G, Liu M, Yang Q, Han J, Feng Y, Lin S, Hu J. Taurine Improves Lipid Metabolism and Skeletal Muscle Sensitivity to Insulin in Rats Fed with High Sugar and High Fat Diet. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1155:133-146. [PMID: 31468392 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a lifestyle-related disease caused by high nutrient condition and lack of exercise. The insulin resistance due to obesity has attracted attention as an underlying mechanism of metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance refers to reduced insulin sensitivity in insulin target tissues. In this case, in order to maintain normal blood glucose levels, a compensatory large amount of insulin is released, leading to the occurrence of hyperinsulinemia. Taurine is widely distributed in animal tissues. Although it is not involved in protein synthesis, taurine plays an important role in maintaining the body's physiological function. In this experiment, insulin resistance model was induced by high fat and high sugar diet. Two percent taurine was added in drinking water to explore the mechanism of taurine in insulin resistance and to provide theoretical basis for using taurine to improve insulin resistance. The result showed that high-fat and high-sugar diet could decrease insulin sensitivity, and taurine could improve it by oral glucose tolerance test. Moreover, serum TG, TC were higher, while HDL-C in rats fed with high sugar and high fat diet was lower than normal rats, the changes of which can be significantly relieved by 2% taurine administration. mRNA and protein expressions of IRS1, and GLUT4 which were significantly changed by high sugar and high fat diet can also be regulated by 2% taurine. The results indicated that taurine can improve insulin sensitivity through remediating lipid metabolism disorder and regulating the expressions of IRS and GLUT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhao
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiufeng Lv
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiancheng Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaofeng Wu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qunhui Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Han
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Feng
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumei Lin
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Hu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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Lin R, Wu D, Wu FJ, Meng Y, Zhang JH, Wang XG, Jia LH. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by Perinatal Exposure to Bisphenol a Is Associated With Activated mTOR and TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathways in Offspring Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:620. [PMID: 31551937 PMCID: PMC6746910 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests a role of bisphenol A (BPA) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of lipogenic genes, but the mechanism of BPA induced lipogenic gene expression remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of perinatal exposure to BPA on NAFLD and its mechanisms. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats had access to drinking water containing 1 or 10 μg/ml BPA from gestational day 6 to post-natal day 21. For 5 weeks after weaning, offspring drank normal water without BPA. Body weight, lipid profile and the expression of genes or proteins involved in mTOR mediated lipid metabolism and autophagy, as well as inflammatory response were investigated in the 8-wk-old offspring of different genders. The results showed that body weight was increased only in females, however, males, and females from dams treated with BPA had significantly excess visceral adipose tissue, which was consistent with adipocyte hypertrophy. Elevated TG levels and up-regulation of lipogenic genes or proteins in liver, such as sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) were consistent with increased liver lipid droplets in offspring exposed to BPA. Compared with controls, the protein levels of InsR, p-IRS-1, IRS-1, TSC1, and TSC2 were decreased, p-PI3K, p-Akt (S473), p-Akt (T308), p-mTOR, and mTOR were increased, and the impaired autophagic degradation was evidenced by increased protein levels of p62, although the levels of p-ULK1, Beclin1, and LC3B proteins were increased in liver of BPA-exposed offspring. The levels of TLR4 and NF-κB proteins were also significantly increased, and ERα protein was significantly decreased in BPA-exposed offspring. Our findings indicate that perinatal exposure to BPA causes the development of NAFLD in both female and male offspring, which is associated with up-regulation of lipogenic genes, dysregulated autophagy and activated inflammatory response involving the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and TLR4/NF-κB pathways.
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Li H, Yu L, Zhao C. Dioscin attenuates high‑fat diet‑induced insulin resistance of adipose tissue through the IRS‑1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1230-1237. [PMID: 30483735 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance, as a common metabolic disorder, may be caused by diet‑induced obesity. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of dioscin on regulating insulin resistance of adipose tissue induced by a high‑fat diet (HFD). An animal model was established successfully using C57BL/6J mice with high‑fat feeding, followed by treatment with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg dioscin through gavage for 18 weeks, and randomly divided into a control group, a HFD model group and a dioscin group treated with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg/day dioscin for 12 weeks. Histopathological changes in adipose tissues were examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Biochemical parameters of the serum were also monitored, including glucose, insulin, total triglyceride, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‑IR) and adipose insulin resistance (Adipo‑IR) levels. Expression of the mRNA and associated proteins of the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS‑1)/phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathways were determined using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and western blot analysis, respectively. HOMA‑IR and Adipo‑IR values of mice fed with a HFD were significantly higher compared with those in the control group (P<0.01). However, dioscin administration significantly decreased HOMA‑IR and Adipo‑IR values in a dose‑dependent manner (P<0.05), suggesting the effects of dioscin on attenuating insulin resistance. RT‑qPCR results indicated that the associated genes of the IRS‑1/PI3K/Akt pathway were significantly downregulated by HFD compared with the control group (P<0.05), while dioscin significantly increased the expression of those genes compared with the control group (P<0.05). Similarly, the significant increase in phosphorylated (p‑)IRS‑1/IRS‑1 (P<0.05) and p‑Akt/Akt (P<0.05) values were substantially reversed by dioscin treatment. Dioscin pronouncedly mitigated insulin resistance in adipose tissues through the IRS‑1/PI3K/Akt pathway and has potential to be used as a novel therapeutic agent for the therapy of HFD‑induced insulin resistance in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Lianzhi Yu
- Health Check Centre, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Changsheng Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
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Wu W, Wang L, Qiu J, Li Z. The analysis of fagopyritols from tartary buckwheat and their anti-diabetic effects in KK-Ay type 2 diabetic mice and HepG2 cells. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Galangin and Pinocembrin from Propolis Ameliorate Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Cells via Regulating Akt/mTOR Signaling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:7971842. [PMID: 30420897 PMCID: PMC6215570 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7971842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance has a critical role in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pinobanksin, galangin, chrysin, and pinocembrin from propolis on insulin resistance. Our study shows that galangin and pinocembrin can ameliorate insulin resistance; on the contrary, pinobanksin and chrysin are ineffective. Galangin and pinocembrin treatments substantially increase glucose consumption and glycogen content by enhancing the activities of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase. Galangin treatment with 80 μM increased hexokinase and pyruvate kinase activities by 21.94% and 29.12%, respectively. Moreover, we hypothesize that galangin and pinocembrin may have a synergistic effect on the improvement of insulin resistance via Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, through distinctly upregulating the phosphorylation of IR, Akt, and GSK3β and remarkably downregulating the phosphorylation of IRS. Most notably, this is the first study to our knowledge to investigate pinocembrin about the alleviation of insulin resistance. Our results provide compelling evidence for the depth development of propolis products to ameliorate insulin resistance.
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Xu J, Wang S, Feng T, Chen Y, Yang G. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of total saponins from Stauntonia chinensis in diabetic db/db mice. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:6026-6038. [PMID: 30324705 PMCID: PMC6237556 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stauntonia chinensis DC. has been utilised as a traditional herbal medicine for its anti‐hyperglycemic characteristic, which has been associated with triterpene saponins. The goal of the current evaluation was to examine hypoglycemic activity and affiliated mechanism of total saponins from S. chinensis. The chemical composition was analysed by HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS. The fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, insulin tolerance test, insulin and glycogen levels of type 2 diabetic db/db mice administered total saponins were quantified to determine the hypoglycemic effects. The serum lipid profiles were assessed to determine the hypolipidemic effects. Western blotting was used to quantify the protein levels of insulin receptor substrates (IRS)‐1/PI3K/AKT, AMPK/ACC and GLUT4. Twenty triterpene saponins were identified from the total saponins, which exhibited hypoglycemic activities and modulated hyperlipidemia that was associated with type 2 diabetes. The hypoglycemic effects were partly due to the activation of GLUT4, which is regulated by IRS‐1/PI3K/AKT. The activation of the AMPK/ACC signalling pathway may be responsible for the hypolipidemic activity. This study revealed that total saponins from S. chinensis have significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity in diabetic db/db mice, indicating that these may be utilised in the development of saponins based on S. chinensis for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Sha Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianhui Feng
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangzhong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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Mabhida SE, Dludla PV, Johnson R, Ndlovu M, Louw J, Opoku AR, Mosa RA. Protective effect of triterpenes against diabetes-induced β-cell damage: An overview of in vitro and in vivo studies. Pharmacol Res 2018; 137:179-192. [PMID: 30315968 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Accumulative evidence shows that chronic hyperglycaemia is a major factor implicated in the development of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in diabetic patients. Furthermore, most of these patients display impaired insulin signalling that is responsible for accelerated pancreatic β-cell damage. Indeed, prominent pathways involved in glucose metabolism such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/ protein kinase B (PI3-K/AKT) and 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) are impaired in an insulin resistant state. The impairment of this pathway is associated with over production of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory factors that supersede pancreatic β-cell damage. Although several antidiabetic drugs can improve β-cell function by modulating key regulators such as PI3-K/AKT and AMPK, evidence of their β-cell regenerative and protective effect is scanty. As a result, there has been continued exploration of novel antidiabetic therapeutics with abundant antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties that are essential in protecting against β-cell damage. Such therapies include triterpenes, which have displayed robust effects to improve glycaemic tolerance, insulin secretion, and pancreatic β-cell function. This review summarises most relevant effects of various triterpenes on improving pancreatic β-cell function in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. A special focus falls on studies reporting on the ameliorative properties of these compounds against insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation, the well-known factors involved in hyperglycaemia associated tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihle E Mabhida
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa; Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60121, Italy; Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Rabia Johnson
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Musawenkosi Ndlovu
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Johan Louw
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa; Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Andy R Opoku
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Rebamang A Mosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Baldisserotto B. Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil prevents bioenergetics dysfunction in spleen of silver catfish naturally infected with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Microb Pathog 2018; 123:47-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Song C, Liu D, Yang S, Cheng L, Xing E, Chen Z. Sericin enhances the insulin-PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the liver of a type 2 diabetes rat model. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3345-3352. [PMID: 30250521 PMCID: PMC6145063 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the regulatory effect of sericin on the hepatic insulin-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway in a type 2 diabetes rat model. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control group, diabetic model group, high-dose sericin group and low-dose sericin group, with 12 rats in each group. Fasting blood glucose was detected by the glucose oxidase method, and hepatic glycogen was determined by periodic acid-Schiff staining. The morphology of the liver was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemical staining, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to determine the protein and mRNA expression levels of insulin receptor (IR), IR substrate-1 (IRS-1), PI3K and AKT. Compared with the control group, the blood glucose of the diabetic model group was significantly increased (P<0.05). The glycogen content and the expression levels of IR, IRS-1, PI3K and AKT in the diabetic model group were significantly lower (P<0.05), and the liver morphological structure of the diabetic model group exhibited obvious pathological changes compared with the control group. Compared with the diabetic model group, the blood glucose of the high- and low-dose sericin groups was significantly reduced, while the glycogen content and the expression levels of IR, IRS-1, PI3K and AKT in the sericin treatment groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). Additionally, the liver pathological changes of high-dose and low-dose sericin groups were markedly reduced. Sericin may enhance the signaling transduction effect of insulin by upregulating the expression levels of key factors (IR, IRS-1, PI3K and AKT) in the liver insulin-PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thus promoting glucose transport and liver glycogen synthesis, and further reducing blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjun Song
- Department of Human Anatomy, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Songhe Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Luyang Cheng
- Department of Immunology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Enhong Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
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Figueroa-Pérez MG, Pérez-Ramírez IF, Paredes-López O, Mondragón-Jacobo C, Reynoso-Camacho R. Phytochemical Composition and in Vitro Analysis of Nopal (O. Ficus-Indica) Cladodes at Different Stages of Maturity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2016.1206126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marely G. Figueroa-Pérez
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Iza F. Pérez-Ramírez
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Octavio Paredes-López
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Candelario Mondragón-Jacobo
- Horticultura Ambiental. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad Autónoma de Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico
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Li X, Jin SJ, Su J, Li XX, Xu M. Acid Sphingomyelinase Down-regulation Alleviates Vascular Endothelial Insulin Resistance in Diabetic Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 123:645-659. [PMID: 29923306 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance in endothelial cells contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) is a soluble glycoprotein which plays a vital role in the development and progression of various diseases such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, it remains unknown if ASM regulates insulin resistance in vascular endothelial cells in type 2 diabetes. ASM down-regulation with gene silencing and selective inhibitor amitriptyline was used in the rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs) treated with palmitic acid (PA), a common saturated free fatty acid, which is thought to be the major cause of insulin resistance. It was shown that ASM down-regulation increased glucose uptake and glucose transporter-4 (Glut4) expression and reversed the phosphorylation of pIRS-1-ser307 and AKT-ser473 via ceramide, consequently resulting in the decrease of the production of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide in PA-induced RAECs. We further found that ASM down-regulation blocked the Nox2- and Nox4-dependent superoxide (O2 -· ) generation, which regulated glucose metabolism in RAECs during PA stimulation. In vivo, amitriptyline relieved the vasodilatory response to acetylcholine and restored the level of ceramide, Nox2 and Nox4 in the aorta endothelium of high-fat diet-fed rats following an injection of streptozotocin. Taken together, these results suggest that ASM down-regulation can improve endothelial insulin resistance which is attributed to inhibiting redox signalling in RAECs. Thus, these data support the idea that ASM is a promising clinical biomarker and potential therapeutic target for diabetic vascular complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Preclinical Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Jie Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Su
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Preclinical Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Li
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Preclinical Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Xiong H, Zhang S, Zhao Z, Zhao P, Chen L, Mei Z. Antidiabetic activities of entagenic acid in type 2 diabetic db/db mice and L6 myotubes via AMPK/GLUT4 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 211:366-374. [PMID: 28993280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Entada phaseoloides (L.) Merr., a traditional Chinese folk medicine, has been used in treating diabetes and other inflammatory disorders. Our previous study revealed that the triterpene saponins in E.Phaseoloides possessed an antidiabetic effect in type 2 diabetic rats by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Entagenic acid, the principal aglycon, isolated from the seed kernels of E. phaseoloides, has been proposed to possess a significant role in the antidiabetic effect, however, its actual effect and pertinent mechanisms are still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the present study was to investigate the antidiabetic effect of entagenic acid in a type 2 diabetic animal model (C57BIKsj db/db mice) and its role in the regulation of glucose uptake in L6 myotubes, and to explore the possible molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo, average weekly body weight, daily water, food intake and postprandial blood glucose levels, the intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test, glucose tolerance test, serum lipid profiles and pancreatic histopathological changes in db/db mice treated with entagenic acid orally at different doses (5, 10 and 20mg/kg) were assessed and compared with wild-type littermates or vehicle- and metformin-treated db/db mice. In vitro, effects of entagenic acid on the glucose consumption and the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) and AMPK in L6 myotubes were evaluated. RESULTS In vivo, entagenic acid significantly lowered postprandial blood glucose levels but not the body weight, normalized the serum lipid imbalance, improved the impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, as well as the pathological changes in pancreatic islets. In vitro, entagenic acid dose-dependently promoted glucose utilization and enhanced the translocation and expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), and phosphorylation of AMPK but not AKT. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that entagenic acid can markedly maintain the glucose homeostasis, improve insulin resistance and ameliorate dyslipidemia. Its antihyperglycemic effect could be caused by promoting AMPK mediated cellular signaling and GLUT4 translocation in muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Zhongqiu Zhao
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ping Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Lvyi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Zhinan Mei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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Liu Y, Wang G, Yang X, Li P, Ling H, Zhu S. MicroRNA-27b-3p regulates function and metabolism in insulin resistance cells by inhibiting receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1. EUR J INFLAMM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2058739218762058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with insulin resistance-induced lipid and glucose metabolism disorder. The study was aimed to explore the potential functional role of microRNA (miR)-27b-3p in T2DM, as well as underlying mechanisms. An insulin resistance cell model was induced in HepG2 cells and then expression of miR-27b-3p and receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) was analyzed. The expression of miR-27b-3p was overexpressed or silenced, and the relationship between ROR1 and miR-27b-3p was investigated. Thereafter, the effects of miR-27b-3p on percentage of glucose uptake, fatty acid oxidation and cell cycle were analyzed. The expressions of miR-27b-3p were significantly increased, while the ROR1 levels were statistically decreased in the cells of the model group. Overexpression of miR-27b-3p dramatically decreased the levels of ROR1 and the percentage of glucose uptake, but had no effects on fatty acid oxidation. ROR1 was a target of miR-27b-3p. Moreover, overexpression of miR-27b-3p could remarkably highlight the percentages of cells at G0/G1 phase, but decreased the percentages of cells at S phase. In conclusion, our results suggest that miR-27b-3p regulates the function and metabolism of insulin resistance cells by inhibiting ROR1. miR-27b-3p might be a potential drug target in treating T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guohui Wang
- Center of Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangwu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengzhou Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Ling
- Department of Equipment, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shaihong Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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