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Poznyak AV, Yakovlev AA, Popov MА, Zhigmitova EB, Sukhorukov VN, Orekhov AN. Atherosclerosis originating from childhood: Specific features. J Biomed Res 2024; 38:233-240. [PMID: 38777340 PMCID: PMC11144930 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is extremely widespread. Traditionally, it is considered a disease of older people, who most often experience problems with the heart and blood vessels. While much attention from the scientific community has been paid to studying the association between aging and atherosclerosis, as well as its consequences, there is evidence that atherosclerosis occurs at an early age. Atherosclerosis may form both during intrauterine development and in childhood. Nutrition plays an important role in childhood atherosclerosis, along with previous infectious diseases and excess weight of both the child and the mother. In the present review, we examined the development of atherosclerosis and the prerequisites in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexey A. Yakovlev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 109240, Russia
| | - Mikhail А. Popov
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow 129110, Russia
| | - Elena B. Zhigmitova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Vasily N. Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia
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2
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Yang S, Xu J. Elevated small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is associated with an increased risk of metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:634-642. [PMID: 38251808 PMCID: PMC11060163 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is demonstrated that elevated small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C), and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is associated with Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aims to explore the relationship between sdLDL-C to HDL-C ratio (SHR) and MAFLD in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among 1904 patients with T2DM. Weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between the SHR and the risk of MAFLD. In addition, this study used a two-part linear regression model to identify threshold effects. Subgroup analysis, interaction tests and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were also carried out. RESULTS The overall MAFLD prevalence reached 48.1%. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that SHR was positively correlated with the risk of MAFLD (OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.80-3.12). Subgroup analysis stratified by age, gender, hypertension and BMI showed that there was a consistent positive correlation. A non-linear relationship and saturation effect between SHR and MAFLD risk were identified, with an inverted L shaped curve and an inflection point at 1.02. The area under the curve (AUC) for SHR in the ROC analysis was significantly greater than sdLDL-C and HDL-C, with a sensitivity of 71.2% and a specificity of 62.1%. CONCLUSIONS Elevated levels of SHR is independently associated with an increased risk of MAFLD in patients with T2DM. SHR may be taken as practical indicators to assess the risk of MAFLD in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouxing Yang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
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3
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Liu WN, Hsu YC, Lu CW, Lin SC, Wu TJ, Lin GM. Serum Malondialdehyde-Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein as a Risk Marker for Peripheral Arterial Stiffness in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:697. [PMID: 38792880 PMCID: PMC11123168 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Peripheral arterial stiffness (PAS), assessed by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), is an independent biomarker of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), an oxidative stress marker, has been linked to atherosclerosis and CVD. However, the association between serum MDA-LDL and PAS among HD patients has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine the association of serum MDA-LDL with PAS in HD patients and to identify the optimal cutoff value of serum MDA-LDL for predicting PAS. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 100 HD patients. Serum MDA-LDL was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and baPWV was measured using a volume plethysmographic device. Patients were divided into the PAS group (baPWV > 18.0 m/s) and the non-PAS group (baPWV ≤ 18.0 m/s). The associations of baPWV and other clinical and biochemical parameters with serum MDA-LDL were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analyses. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cutoff value of serum MDA-LDL for predicting PAS. Results: In multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher serum MDA-LDL, older age, and higher serum C-reactive protein [odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals: 1.014 (1.004-1.025), 1.044 (1.004-1.085) and 3.697 (1.149-11.893)] were significantly associated with PAS. In the ROC curve analysis, the optimal cutoff value of MDA-LDL for predicting PAS was 80.91 mg/dL, with a sensitivity of 79.25% and a specificity of 59.57%. Conclusions: Greater serum MDA-LDL levels, particularly ≥80.91 mg/dL, were independently associated with PAS in HD patients. The findings suggest that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PAS, and targeting MDA-LDL may be a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing cardiovascular risk in HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Nung Liu
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien 97144, Taiwan; (W.-N.L.); (C.-W.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Wen Lu
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien 97144, Taiwan; (W.-N.L.); (C.-W.L.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Ssu-Chin Lin
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien 97144, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jui Wu
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien 97144, Taiwan; (W.-N.L.); (C.-W.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Gen-Min Lin
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien 97144, Taiwan; (W.-N.L.); (C.-W.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
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Alhujaily M. Molecular Assessment of Methylglyoxal-Induced Toxicity and Therapeutic Approaches in Various Diseases: Exploring the Interplay with the Glyoxalase System. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:263. [PMID: 38398772 PMCID: PMC10890012 DOI: 10.3390/life14020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive exploration delves into the intricate interplay of methylglyoxal (MG) and glyoxalase 1 (GLO I) in various physiological and pathological contexts. The linchpin of the narrative revolves around the role of these small molecules in age-related issues, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Methylglyoxal, a reactive dicarbonyl metabolite, takes center stage, becoming a principal player in the development of AGEs and contributing to cell and tissue dysfunction. The dual facets of GLO I-activation and inhibition-unfold as potential therapeutic avenues. Activators, spanning synthetic drugs like candesartan to natural compounds like polyphenols and isothiocyanates, aim to restore GLO I function. These molecular enhancers showcase promising outcomes in conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, kidney disease, and beyond. On the contrary, GLO I inhibitors emerge as crucial players in cancer treatment, offering new possibilities in diseases associated with inflammation and multidrug resistance. The symphony of small molecules, from GLO I activators to inhibitors, presents a nuanced understanding of MG regulation. From natural compounds to synthetic drugs, each element contributes to a molecular orchestra, promising novel interventions and personalized approaches in the pursuit of health and wellbeing. The abstract concludes with an emphasis on the necessity of rigorous clinical trials to validate these findings and acknowledges the importance of individual variability in the complex landscape of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhanad Alhujaily
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
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Tian Z, Li X, Jiang D. Analysis of immunogenic cell death in atherosclerosis based on scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110130. [PMID: 37075670 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulated cell death plays a very important role in atherosclerosis (AS). Despite a large number of studies, there is a lack of literature on immunogenic cell death (ICD) in AS. METHOD Carotid atherosclerotic plaque single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing data were analyzed to define involved cells and determine their transcriptomic characteristics. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE and ssGSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis), consensus clustering analysis, random forest (RF), Decision Curve Analysis (DCA), and the Drug-Gene Interaction and DrugBank databases were applied for bulk sequencing data. All data were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). RESULT mDCs and CTLs correlated obviously with AS occurrence and development (k2(mDCs) = 48.333, P < 0.001; k2(CTL) = 130.56, P < 0.001). In total, 21 differentially expressed genes were obtained for the bulk transcriptome; KEGG enrichment analysis results were similar to those for differentially expressed genes in endothelial cells. Eleven genes with a gene importance score > 1.5 were obtained in the training set and validated in the test set, resulting in 8 differentially expressed genes for ICD. A model to predict occurrence of AS and 56 drugs that may be used to treat AS were obtained with these 8 genes. CONCLUSION Immunogenic cell death occurs mainly in endothelial cells in AS. ICD maintains chronic inflammation in AS and plays a crucial role in its occurrence and development. ICD related genes may become drug-targeted genes for AS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Tian
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Xinyang Li
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Delong Jiang
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
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Poznyak AV, Sukhorukov VN, Surkova R, Orekhov NA, Orekhov AN. Glycation of LDL: AGEs, impact on lipoprotein function, and involvement in atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1094188. [PMID: 36760567 PMCID: PMC9904536 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1094188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex disease, and there are many factors that influence its development and the course of the disease. A deep understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying atherogenesis is needed to develop optimal therapeutic strategies and treatments. In this review, we have focused on low density lipoproteins. According to multiple studies, their atherogenic properties are associated with multiple modifications of lipid particles. One of these modifications is Glycation. We considered aspects related to the formation of modified particles, as well as the influence of modification on their functioning. We paid special attention to atherogenicity and the role of glycated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia V. Poznyak
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Moscow, Russia,*Correspondence: Anastasia V. Poznyak,
| | - Vasily N. Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Raisa Surkova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Moscow, Russia,Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
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Qazi M, Kumar S, Khatri M. Letter to the Editor: The atherogenic index of plasma as a predictor of mortality in patients with COVID-19. Heart Lung 2023; 57:301. [PMID: 36167745 PMCID: PMC9472793 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maida Qazi
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Bihar Colony, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Satesh Kumar
- Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College Liyari, Parsa citi, Garden East, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mahima Khatri
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Bridgeview Karachi, Pakistan
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Bourguet E, Figurska S, Fra Czek MM. Human Neuraminidases: Structures and Stereoselective Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:3002-3025. [PMID: 35170942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective describes the classification, structures, substrates, mechanisms of action, and implications of human neuraminidases (hNEUs) in various pathologies. Some inhibitors have been developed for each isoform, leading to more precise interactions with hNEUs. Although crystal structure data are available for NEU2, most of the findings are based on NEU1 inhibition, and limited information is available for other hNEUs. Therefore, the synthesis of new compounds would facilitate the enrichment of the arsenal of inhibitors to better understand the roles of hNEUs and their mechanisms of action. Nevertheless, due to the already known inhibitors of human neuraminidase enzymes, a structure-activity relationship is presented along with different approaches to inhibit these enzymes for the development of potent and selective inhibitors. Among the different emerging strategies, one is the inhibition of the dimerization of NEU1 or NEU3, and the second is the inhibition of certain receptors located close to hNEU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Bourguet
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), CNRS UMR 7312, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Sylwia Figurska
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), CNRS UMR 7312, 51097 Reims, France.,Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Manuela Maria Fra Czek
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), CNRS UMR 7312, 51097 Reims, France.,Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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Yu L, Peng J, Mineo C. Lipoprotein sialylation in atherosclerosis: Lessons from mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:953165. [PMID: 36157440 PMCID: PMC9498574 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.953165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialylation is a dynamically regulated modification, which commonly occurs at the terminal of glycan chains in glycoproteins and glycolipids in eukaryotic cells. Sialylation plays a key role in a wide array of biological processes through the regulation of protein-protein interactions, intracellular localization, vesicular trafficking, and signal transduction. A majority of the proteins involved in lipoprotein metabolism and atherogenesis, such as apolipoproteins and lipoprotein receptors, are sialylated in their glycan structures. Earlier studies in humans and in preclinical models found a positive correlation between low sialylation of lipoproteins and atherosclerosis. More recent works using loss- and gain-of-function approaches in mice have revealed molecular and cellular mechanisms by which protein sialylation modulates causally the process of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this concise review is to summarize these findings in mouse models and to provide mechanistic insights into lipoprotein sialylation and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yu
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jun Peng
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Chieko Mineo
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Chieko Mineo,
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Morelli NR, Maes M, Bonifacio KL, Vargas HO, Nunes SOV, Barbosa DS. Increased nitro-oxidative toxicity in association with metabolic syndrome, atherogenicity and insulin resistance in patients with affective disorders. J Affect Disord 2021; 294:410-419. [PMID: 34320448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a strong comorbidity between mood disorders and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Increased levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and nitro-oxidative stress toxicity (NOSTOX) partially underpin this comorbidity. AIMS To examine the associations of RONS/NOSTOX biomarkers with MetS after adjusting for the significant effects of mood disorders (major depression, and bipolar type 1 and 2), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), tobacco use disorder (TUD), and male sex. METHODS The study included subjects with (n=65) and without (n=107) MetS and measured levels of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), malondialdehyde (MDA), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and computed z unit-weighted composite scores which reflect RONS/NOSTOX. The study included 105 patients with mood disorders, 46 with GAD, and 95 with TUD. RESULTS MetS was associated with increased levels of MDA and AOPP, independently from mood disorders, TUD, sex and GAD. Atherogenicity and insulin resistance (IR) were significantly associated with a NOSTOX composite score. Mood disorders, TUD, GAD, male sex and MetS independently contribute to increased RONS/NOSTOX. The RONS/NOSTOX profile of MetS was different from that of GAD, which showed increased SOD1 and NOx levels. TUD was accompanied by increased SOD1, LOOH and MDA, and male sex by increased LOOH and AOPP. CONCLUSIONS MetS is characterized by increased lipid peroxidation with aldehyde formation and chlorinative stress, and atherogenicity and IR are strongly mediated by RONS/NOSTOX. Partially shared RONS/NOSTOX pathways underpin the comorbidity of MetS with mood disorders, GAD, and TUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Rampazzo Morelli
- Health Sciences Graduation Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Michael Maes
- Health Sciences Graduation Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv and Technological Center for Emergency Medicine, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic, Australia.
| | - Kamila Landucci Bonifacio
- Health Sciences Graduation Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Heber Odebrecht Vargas
- Health Sciences Graduation Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | - Décio Sabbatini Barbosa
- Health Sciences Graduation Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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Glycosylation and Cardiovascular Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1325:307-319. [PMID: 34495542 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-70115-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for approximately 18 million deaths in 2017. Coronary artery disease is the predominant cause of death from CVD, followed by stroke. Owing to recent technological advancements, glycans and glycosylation patterns of proteins have been investigated in association with CVD risk factors and clinical events. These studies have found significant associations of glycans as biomarkers of systemic inflammation and major CVD risk factors and events. While more limited, studies have also shown that glycans may be useful for monitoring response to anti-inflammatory therapies and may be responsive to changes in lifestyle, particularly in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. Glycans capture summative risk information related to inflammatory, immune, and signaling pathways and are promising biomarkers for CVD risk prediction and therapeutic monitoring.
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12
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C Thambiah S, Lai LC. Diabetic dyslipidaemia. Pract Lab Med 2021; 26:e00248. [PMID: 34368411 PMCID: PMC8326412 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2021.e00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an escalating pandemic and an established cardiovascular risk factor. An important aspect of the interaction between DM and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is diabetic dyslipidaemia, an atherogenic dyslipidaemia encompassing quantitative [hypertriglyceridaemia (hyperTG) and decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)] and qualitative [increased small dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL) particles, large very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) subfraction (VLDL1) and dysfunctional HDL] modifications in lipoproteins. Much of the pathophysiology linking DM and dyslipidaemia has been elucidated. This paper aims to review the pathophysiology and management of diabetic dyslipidaemia with respect to ASCVD. Briefly, the influence of diabetic kidney disease on lipid profile and lipid changes causing type 2 diabetes mellitus are highlighted. Biomarkers of diabetic dyslipidaemia, including novel markers and clinical trials that have demonstrated that non-lipid and lipid lowering therapies can lower cardiovascular risk in diabetics are discussed. The stands of various international guidelines on lipid management in DM are emphasised. It is important to understand the underlying mechanisms of diabetic dyslipidaemia in order to develop new therapeutic strategies against dyslipidaemia and diabetes. The various international guidelines on lipid management can be used to tailor a holistic approach specific to each patient with diabetic dyslipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subashini C Thambiah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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O’Brien ST, Neylon OM, O’Brien T. Dyslipidaemia in Type 1 Diabetes: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070826. [PMID: 34356890 PMCID: PMC8301346 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). The molecular basis for atherosclerosis in T1D is heavily influenced by hyperglycaemia and its atherogenic effects on LDL. Ongoing research into the distinct pathophysiology of atherosclerosis in T1D offers exciting opportunities for novel approaches to calculate CVD risk in patients with T1D and to manage this risk appropriately. Currently, despite the increased risk of CVD in the T1D population, there are few tools available for estimating the risk of CVD in younger patients. This poses significant challenges for clinicians in selecting which patients might benefit from lipid-lowering therapies over the long term. The current best practice guidance for the management of dyslipidaemia in T1D is generally based on evidence from patients with T2D and the opinion of experts in the field. In this review article, we explore the unique pathophysiology of atherosclerosis in T1D, with a specific focus on hyperglycaemia-induced damage and atherogenic LDL modifications. We also discuss the current clinical situation of managing these patients across paediatric and adult populations, focusing on the difficulties posed by a lack of strong evidence and various barriers to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T. O’Brien
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Limerick, V94 F858 Limerick, Ireland; (S.T.O.); (O.M.N.)
| | - Orla M. Neylon
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Limerick, V94 F858 Limerick, Ireland; (S.T.O.); (O.M.N.)
| | - Timothy O’Brien
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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Poznyak AV, Bharadwaj D, Prasad G, Grechko AV, Sazonova MA, Orekhov AN. Anti-Inflammatory Therapy for Atherosclerosis: Focusing on Cytokines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137061. [PMID: 34209109 PMCID: PMC8269273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a well-known global health problem. Despite the high prevalence of the disease, numerous aspects of pathogenesis remain unclear. Subsequently, there are still no cure or adequate preventive measures available. Atherogenesis is now considered a complex interplay between lipid metabolism alterations, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Inflammation in atherogenesis involves cellular elements of both innate (such as macrophages and monocytes) and adaptive immunity (such as B-cells and T-cells), as well as various cytokines cascades. Because inflammation is, in general, a well-investigated therapeutic target, and strategies for controlling inflammation have been successfully used to combat a number of other diseases, inflammation seems to be the preferred target for the treatment of atherosclerosis as well. In this review, we summarized data on targeting the most studied inflammatory molecular targets, CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Studies in animal models have shown the efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapy, while clinical studies revealed the incompetence of existing data, which blocks the development of an effective atheroprotective drug. However, all data on cytokine targeting give evidence that anti-inflammatory therapy can be a part of a complex treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia V. Poznyak
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, 121609 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.V.P.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Dwaipayan Bharadwaj
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Campus, New Delhi 110025, India;
- Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India;
| | - Gauri Prasad
- Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India;
| | - Andrey V. Grechko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 14-3 Solyanka Street, 109240 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Margarita A. Sazonova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, 121609 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupa Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.V.P.); (A.N.O.)
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15
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Morris G, Berk M, Walder K, O'Neil A, Maes M, Puri BK. The lipid paradox in neuroprogressive disorders: Causes and consequences. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:35-57. [PMID: 34118292 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic systemic inflammation is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in an environment of low low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and low total cholesterol and with the pathophysiology of neuroprogressive disorders. The causes and consequences of this lipid paradox are explored. Circulating activated neutrophils can release inflammatory molecules such as myeloperoxidase and the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Since activated neutrophils are associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease and with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, it seems reasonable to hypothesise that the inflammatory molecules released by them may act as mediators of the link between systemic inflammation and the development of atherosclerosis in neuroprogressive disorders. This hypothesis is tested by considering the association at a molecular level of systemic inflammation with increased LDL oxidation; increased small dense LDL levels; increased lipoprotein (a) concentration; secretory phospholipase A2 activation; cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation; increased platelet activation; decreased apolipoprotein A1 levels and function; decreased paroxonase-1 activity; hyperhomocysteinaemia; and metabolic endotoxaemia. These molecular mechanisms suggest potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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16
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Proatherogenic Sialidases and Desialylated Lipoproteins: 35 Years of Research and Current State from Bench to Bedside. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060600. [PMID: 34070542 PMCID: PMC8228531 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the main achievements in basic and clinical research of atherosclerosis. Focusing on desialylation as the first and the most important reaction of proatherogenic pathological cascade, we speak of how desialylation increases the atherogenic properties of low density lipoproteins and decreases the anti-atherogenic properties of high density lipoproteins. The separate sections of this paper are devoted to immunogenicity of lipoproteins, the enzymes contributing to their desialylation and animal models of atherosclerosis. In addition, we evaluate the available experimental and diagnostic protocols that can be used to develop new therapeutic approaches for atherosclerosis.
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17
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Diteepeng T, Del Monte F, Luciani M. The long and winding road to target protein misfolding in cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13504. [PMID: 33527342 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decades, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have remained the first leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. Although several therapeutic approaches have been introduced in the past, the development of novel treatments remains an important research goal, which is hampered by the lack of understanding of key mechanisms and targets. Emerging evidences in recent years indicate the involvement of misfolded proteins aggregation and the derailment of protein quality control in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Several potential interventions targeting protein quality control have been translated from the bench to the bedside to effectively employ the misfolded proteins as promising therapeutic targets for cardiac diseases, but with trivial results. DESIGN In this review, we describe the recent progresses in preclinical and clinical studies of protein misfolding and compromised protein quality control by selecting and reporting studies focusing on cardiovascular diseases including cardiomyopathies, cardiac amyloidosis, atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation and thrombosis. RESULTS In preclinical models, modulators of several molecular targets (eg heat shock proteins, unfolded protein response, ubiquitin protein system, autophagy and histone deacetylases) have been tested in various conditions with promising results although lacking an adequate transition towards clinical setting. CONCLUSIONS At present, no therapeutic strategies have been reported to attenuate proteotoxicity in patients with CVD due to a lack of specific biomarkers for pinpointing upstream events in protein folding defects at a subclinical stage of the diseases requiring an intensive collaboration between basic scientists and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamonwan Diteepeng
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Federica Del Monte
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna Alma Mater, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Luciani
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
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18
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Sazonova MA, Ryzhkova AI, Sinyov VV, Sazonova MD, Kirichenko TV, Doroschuk NA, Karagodin VP, Orekhov AN, Sobenin IA. Mutations of mtDNA in some Vascular and Metabolic Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:177-184. [PMID: 32867647 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826999200820162154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present review article considers some chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis, the causes of which may be mitochondrial dysfunction. Very often, in the long course of the disease, complications may occur, leading to myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke and, as a result, death. In particular, a large percentage of human deaths nowadays belongs to cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension, cardiomyopathies, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present review was the analysis of literature sources, devoted to an investigation of a link of mitochondrial DNA mutations with chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis. RESULTS The analysis of literature indicates the association of the mitochondrial genome mutations with coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and various types of cardiomyopathies. CONCLUSION The detected mutations can be used to analyze the predisposition to chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis. They can also be used to create molecular-cell models necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of drugs developed for the treatment of these pathologies. MtDNA mutations associated with the absence of diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis could be potential candidates for gene therapy of the said diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita A Sazonova
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia I Ryzhkova
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vasily V Sinyov
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina D Sazonova
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana V Kirichenko
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalya A Doroschuk
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vasily P Karagodin
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Igor A Sobenin
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 0
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19
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Li Z, Wu N, Wang J, Zhang Q. Roles of Endovascular Calyx Related Enzymes in Endothelial Dysfunction and Diabetic Vascular Complications. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:590614. [PMID: 33328998 PMCID: PMC7734331 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.590614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the number of diabetic patients has rapidly increased. Diabetic vascular complications seriously affect people’s quality of life. Studies found that endothelial dysfunction precedes the vascular complications of diabetes. Endothelial dysfunction is related to glycocalyx degradation on the surface of blood vessels. Heparanase (HPSE), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), hyaluronidase (HYAL), hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS), and neuraminidase (NEU) are related to glycocalyx degradation. Therefore, we reviewed the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and the vascular complications of diabetes from the perspective of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Lab for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Lab for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Quanbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Lab for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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20
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Moriyama K. The Association between the Triglyceride to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Low-density Lipoprotein Subclasses. Intern Med 2020; 59:2661-2669. [PMID: 32669498 PMCID: PMC7691041 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.4954-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio is related to insulin resistance (IR). However, information about whether or not the TG/HDL-C ratio is associated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses in the Japanese population is limited. Methods In total, 1,068 Japanese subjects who underwent an annual health examination and who were not taking medications were recruited. The association between the TG/HDL-C ratio and LDL subclasses was investigated using correlation, multiple regression, and receiver operating characteristic analyses. Results A correlation analysis revealed that both malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) were positively associated with the TG/HDL-C ratio. Furthermore, a multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the TG/HDL-C ratio was positively associated with MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C in both men and women. The multiple logistic regression analysis also revealed that the TG/HDL-C ratio was positively associated with the upper tertile of MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C in men and women. The LDL-C levels increased with the increasing TG/HDL-C ratio. The MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C are known to be positively associated with LDL-C. However, within the same LDL-C range, both MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C levels increased with the TG/HDL-C ratio, except for MDA-LDL levels in the LDL-C <112 mg/dL group in women. These results further supported the notion that the TG/HDL-C ratio was positively associated with the MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C levels, especially in the higher LDL-C range, in both men and women. The optimal cut-off points of the TG/HDL-C ratio for the upper tertile of MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C were 1.85 and 2.03 in men and 0.88 and 1.30 in women, respectively. Conclusion The TG/HDL-C ratio is positively associated with MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C in Japanese subjects. The relationship was particularly notable in subjects with high LDL-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Moriyama
- Department of Clinical Health Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Japan
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21
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Sialidase Activity in Human Blood Serum Has a Distinct Seasonal Pattern: A Pilot Study. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9080184. [PMID: 32708035 PMCID: PMC7463545 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Desialylation—loss of terminal sialic acid residues from glycoconjugates catalyzed by sialidases—is involved in many human diseases and is considered a key molecular event of atherosclerosis onset. Desialylated low-density lipoproteins with atherogenic properties have been detected in human blood previously. However, there is currently no consensus on the origin of desialylation activity in the bloodstream. Here, we suggest viral intervention as a possible explanation. In order to address our hypothesis, we studied seasonal patterns of blood serum sialidase enzymatic activity and designed an approach to detect and quantify viral sialidase genetic presence. Increased sialidase activity in autumn-winter combined with detectable levels of influenza virus sialidase mRNA suggests exogenous viral sialidase as a viable component of desialylation in human blood, providing new insights on the molecular background of atherogenesis.
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22
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Yang B, Qin Q, Xu L, Lv X, Liu Z, Song E, Song Y. Polychlorinated Biphenyl Quinone Promotes Atherosclerosis through Lipid Accumulation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress via CD36. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1497-1507. [PMID: 32434321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic environmental pollutants. According to previous epidemiological reports, PCBs exposure is highly related to atherosclerosis. However, studies of PCBs metabolites and atherosclerosis and corresponding mechanism studies are scarce. In this study, we evaluated the effect of 2,3,5-trichloro-6-phenyl-[1,4]-benzoquinone (PCB29-pQ), a presumptive PCB metabolite, on atherosclerosis. Aortic plaques were increased in PCB29-pQ-treated ApoE-/- mice [intraperitoneally (i.p.) injection of 5 mg/kg body weight of PCB29-pQ once a week for 12 continuous weeks, high-fat feeding]. We observed lipids accumulation and the release of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in ApoE-/- mice. In addition, we found that PCB29-pQ promoted the levels of total cholesterol, free cholesterol, triglyceride, and cholesteryl ester. Mechanism investigation indicated that PCB29-pQ induces the activation of three branches of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, that is, phosphorylated protein kinase R-like ER kinase (p-PERK), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) and transcription factor 6 (ATF6), which is responsible for downstream necrosis. More importantly, we found the silence of CD36 is able to reverse PCB29-pQ-induced adverse effects completely. Overall, PCB29-pQ exposure resulted in lipid accumulation, ER stress response, apoptosis, and pro-inflammatory cytokines release via CD36, ultimately leading to atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingwei Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuying Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Erqun Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
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23
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Shah VN, Bailey R, Wu M, Foster NC, Pop-Busui R, Katz M, Crandall J, Bacha F, Nadeau K, Libman I, Hiers P, Mizokami-Stout K, DiMeglio LA, Sherr J, Pratley R, Agarwal S, Snell-Bergeon J, Cengiz E, Polsky S, Mehta SN. Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: Findings from Prospective Real-life T1D Exchange Registry. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5709622. [PMID: 31955209 PMCID: PMC7341163 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality in adults with type 1 diabetes. OBJECTIVE We prospectively evaluated CVD risk factors in a large, contemporary cohort of adults with type 1 diabetes living in the United States. DESIGN Observational study of CVD and CVD risk factors over a median of 5.3 years. SETTING The T1D Exchange clinic network. PATIENTS Adults (age ≥ 18 years) with type 1 diabetes and without known CVD diagnosed before or at enrollment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Associations between CVD risk factors and incident CVD were assessed by multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS The study included 8,727 participants (53% female, 88% non-Hispanic white, median age 33 years [interquartile ratio {IQR} = 21, 48], type 1 diabetes duration 16 years [IQR = 9, 26]). At enrollment, median HbA1c was 7.6% (66 mmol/mol) (IQR = 6.9 [52], 8.6 [70]), 33% used a statin, and 37% used blood pressure medication. Over a mean follow-up of 4.6 years, 325 (3.7%) participants developed incident CVD. Ischemic heart disease was the most common CVD event. Increasing age, body mass index, HbA1c, presence of hypertension and dyslipidemia, increasing duration of diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy were associated with increased risk for CVD. There were no significant gender differences in CVD risk. CONCLUSION HbA1c, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetic nephropathy are important risk factors for CVD in adults with type 1 diabetes. A longer follow-up is likely required to assess the impact of other traditional CVD risk factors on incident CVD in the current era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viral N Shah
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ryan Bailey
- Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, Florida
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Ryan Bailey, Jaeb Center for Health Research, 15310 Amberly Dr, Suite 350, Tampa, Florida 33647. E-mail:
| | - Mengdi Wu
- Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, Florida
| | | | | | | | - Jill Crandall
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Fida Bacha
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Ingrid Libman
- Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul Hiers
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | | | | | | | - Richard Pratley
- AdventHealth Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Orlando, Florida
| | | | | | - Eda Cengiz
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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24
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Cure E, Cumhur Cure M. Comment on "usefulness of atherogenic indices and Ca-LDL level to predict subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with psoriatic arthritis?". Adv Rheumatol 2020; 60:23. [PMID: 32357939 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-020-00128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Cure
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ota & Jinemed Hospital, Muradiye Mahallesi Nuzhetiye Cad, Deryadil Sokagi No:1, 34357 Besiktas, Istanbul, Turkey.
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25
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Lopes-Virella MF, Bebu I, Hunt KJ, Virella G, Baker NL, Braffett B, Gao X, Lachin JM. Immune Complexes and the Risk of CVD in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2019; 68:1853-1860. [PMID: 31217176 PMCID: PMC6702641 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether the composition of modified forms of LDL in circulating immune complexes (LDL-ICs) was associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, including any CVD, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), myocardial infarction (MI), and coronary artery disease, in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Our results demonstrate that the baseline levels of oxidized LDL (oxLDL), MDA-modified LDL (MDA-LDL), and advanced glycosylation-modified LDL (AGE-LDL) in circulating ICs were associated with the four CVD outcomes in unadjusted models, and adjustment by age and mean HbA1c only resulted in minimal reduction of these associations. After adjustments were made for other cardiovascular risk factors, particularly LDL cholesterol, oxLDL-IC and MDA-LDL-IC remained independently associated with the risk of CVD, and oxLDL-IC was independently associated with the risk of MACCE and MI. In the majority of cases, the baseline levels of modified LDL-IC (measured many years before the occurrence of any CVD event) were associated with the risk of CVD over a 25-year period even after adjustment for other risk factors (including LDL cholesterol). Therefore, modified LDL biomarkers may help identify patients with T1D at high risk for MACCE and CVD events very early in the evolution of the disease, before other signals of disease are apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ionut Bebu
- Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD
| | - Kelly J Hunt
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | | | - Barbara Braffett
- Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD
| | - Xiaoyu Gao
- Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD
| | - John M Lachin
- Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD
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26
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Kim JY, Lee JW, Lee JS, Jang DS, Shim SH. Inhibitory effects of compounds isolated from roots of Cynanchum wilfordii on oxidation and glycation of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL). J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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27
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Summerhill VI, Grechko AV, Yet SF, Sobenin IA, Orekhov AN. The Atherogenic Role of Circulating Modified Lipids in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3561. [PMID: 31330845 PMCID: PMC6678182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid accumulation in the arterial wall is a crucial event in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is the major source of lipids that accumulate in the atherosclerotic plaques. It was discovered that not all LDL is atherogenic. In the blood plasma of atherosclerotic patients, LDL particles are the subject of multiple enzymatic and non-enzymatic modifications that determine their atherogenicity. Desialylation is the primary and the most important atherogenic LDL modification followed by a cascade of other modifications that also increase blood atherogenicity. The enzyme trans-sialidase is responsible for the desialylation of LDL, therefore, its activity plays an important role in atherosclerosis development. Moreover, circulating modified LDL is associated with immune complexes that also have a strong atherogenic potential. Moreover, it was shown that antibodies to modified LDL are also atherogenic. The properties of modified LDL were described, and the strong evidence indicating that it is capable of inducing intracellular accumulation of lipids was presented. The accumulated evidence indicated that the molecular properties of modified LDL, including LDL-containing immune complexes can serve as the prognostic/diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets for the development of anti-atherosclerotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volha I Summerhill
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow 121609, Russia.
| | - Andrey V Grechko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 14-3 Solyanka Street, Moscow 109240, Russia
| | - Shaw-Fang Yet
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Igor A Sobenin
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 15A 3-rd Cherepkovskaya Street, Moscow 121552, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow 121609, Russia.
- Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupa Street, Moscow 117418, Russia.
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, Moscow 125315, Russia.
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Orekhov AN, Sobenin IA. Modified and Dysfunctional Lipoproteins in Atherosclerosis: Effectors or Biomarkers? Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1512-1524. [PMID: 29557739 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180320121137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic diseases are the leading cause of mortality in industrialized countries. Correspondingly, studying the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and developing new methods for its diagnostic and treatment remain in the focus of current medicine and health care. This review aims to discuss the mechanistic role of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in atherogenesis. In particular, the generally accepted hypothesis about the key role of oxidized LDL in atherogenesis is questioned, and an alternative concept of multiple modification of LDL is presented. The fundamental question discussed in this review is whether LDL and HDL are effectors or biomarkers, or both. This is important for understanding whether lipoproteins are a therapeutic target or just diagnostic indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Igor A Sobenin
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Lopes-Virella MF, Virella G. Modified LDL Immune Complexes and Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1680-1692. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180524114429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Modified forms of LDL, both spontaneously formed in the organism or prepared in the laboratory, are immunogenic. As a consequence, antigen-antibody complexes (immune complexes, IC) formed in vivo can be measured in the peripheral blood, and their levels are strong predictors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). It has been possible to generate antibodies that recognize different LDL modifications, allowing the analysis of circulating IC constitution. Clinical studies showed that the antigenic constitution of the IC has a modulating effect on the development of CVD. Patients whose IC react strongly with antibodies to copper oxidized LDL (oxLDL) show progressive development of atherosclerosis as demonstrated by increased intima–media thickness and increased coronary calcification scores. In contrast, patients whose IC react strongly with antibodies to the heavily oxidized malondialdehyde LDL prepared in vitro (MDA-LDL) are at a high risk of acute vascular events, mainly myocardial infarction. In vitro studies have shown that while oxLDL IC induce both cell proliferation and mild to moderate macrophage apoptosis, MDA-LDL IC induce a more marked macrophage apoptosis but not cell proliferation. In addition, MDA-LDL IC induce the release of higher levels of matrix metalloproteinases and TNF than oxLDL IC. High levels of TNF are likely to be a major factor leading to apoptosis and high levels of metalloproteinases are likely to play a role in the thinning of the fibrous cap of the atheromatous plaque. The combination of apoptosis and fibrous cap thinning is a well-known characteristic of vulnerable plaques, which are more prone to rupture and responsible for the majority of acute cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria F. Lopes-Virella
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Ralph A. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Gabriel Virella
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the major cell type in human atherosclerosis-prone arteries and take up excess lipids, thereby contributing to luminal occlusion. Here we provide a focused review on pathways by which smooth muscle cells (SMCs) can become foam cells in atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS A synthesis of recent and older investigations provides key mechanistic insights into SMC foam cell formation. LDL and other apoB-containing lipoproteins are modified by a diverse array of oxidative, enzymatic, and nonenzymatic processes present in the arterial intima. These modifications of LDL all promote the aggregation of LDL (agLDL), a key finding from analysis of arterial lesion particles. Scavenger receptor and phagocytic capacity of SMCs can vary greatly, perhaps related to differences in SMC phenotype or in-vitro cell culture environments, and can be increased with exposure to cytokines, growth factors, and cholesterol. Macrophages promote the formation of SMC foam cells in direct or indirect co-culture models. SUMMARY SMCs contribute significantly to the foam cell population in atherosclerosis. Further investigation and identification of key mechanisms of SMC foam cell formation will help drive new therapeutics to reduce cardiovascular disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apolipoproteins B/genetics
- Apolipoproteins B/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Cell Differentiation
- Coculture Techniques
- Cytokines/pharmacology
- Foam Cells/drug effects
- Foam Cells/metabolism
- Foam Cells/pathology
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology
- Lipoproteins, LDL/genetics
- Lipoproteins, LDL/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Phagocytosis
- Protein Aggregates/drug effects
- Receptors, Scavenger/genetics
- Receptors, Scavenger/metabolism
- Tunica Intima/drug effects
- Tunica Intima/metabolism
- Tunica Intima/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin S Pryma
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Healthcare Research Institute at St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Sukhorukov V, Gudelj I, Pučić-Baković M, Zakiev E, Orekhov A, Kontush A, Lauc G. Glycosylation of human plasma lipoproteins reveals a high level of diversity, which directly impacts their functional properties. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:643-653. [PMID: 30641224 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Human plasma lipoproteins are known to contain various glycan structures whose composition and functional importance are starting to be recognized. We assessed N-glycosylation of human plasma HDL and LDL and the role of their glycomes in cellular cholesterol metabolism. METHODS N-glycomic profiles of native and neuraminidase-treated HDL and LDL were obtained using HILIC-UHPLC-FLD. Relative abundance of the individual chromatographic peaks was quantitatively expressed as a percentage of total integrated area and N-glycan structures present in each peak were elucidated by MALDI-TOF MS. The capacity of HDL to mediate cellular efflux of cholesterol and the capacity of LDL to induce cellular accumulation of cholesteryl esters were evaluated in THP-1 cells. RESULTS HILIC-UHPLC-FLD analysis of HDL and LDL N-glycans released by PNGase F resulted in 22 and 18 distinct chromatographic peaks, respectively. The majority of N-glycans present in HDL (~70%) and LDL (~60%) were sialylated with one or two sialic acid residues. The most abundant N-glycan structure in both HDL and LDL was a complex type biantennary N-glycan with one sialic acid (A2G2S1). Relative abundances of several N-glycan structures were dramatically altered by the neuraminidase treatment, which selectively removed sialic acid residues. Native HDL displayed significantly greater efficacy in removing cellular cholesterol from THP-1 cells as compared to desialylated HDL (p < 0.05). Cellular accumulation of cholesteryl esters in THP-1 cells was significantly higher after incubations with desialylated LDL particles as compared to native LDL (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS N-glycome of human plasma lipoproteins reveals a high level of diversity, which directly impacts functional properties of the lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), UMR 1166 ICAN, Paris F-75013, France; Sorbonne University, Paris F-75013, France; AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris F-75013, France; Federal State Budget Institution of Sciences Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 34/5, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Ivan Gudelj
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Pučić-Baković
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Emile Zakiev
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), UMR 1166 ICAN, Paris F-75013, France; Sorbonne University, Paris F-75013, France; AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris F-75013, France; Federal State Budget Institution of Sciences Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 34/5, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Alexander Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, 121609 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatol Kontush
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), UMR 1166 ICAN, Paris F-75013, France; Sorbonne University, Paris F-75013, France; AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris F-75013, France.
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Orekhov AN, Grechko AV, Romanenko EB, Zhang D, Chistiakov DA. Novel Approaches to Anti-atherosclerotic Therapy: Cell-based Models and Herbal Preparations (Review of Our Own Data). Curr Drug Discov Technol 2019; 17:278-285. [PMID: 30621565 DOI: 10.2174/1570163816666190101112241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic arterial disease characterized by vascular inflammation, accumulation of lipids in the arterial wall, and formation and growth of atherosclerotic plaques followed by ischemia. In subclinical atherosclerosis, cholesterol retention in subendothelial cells leads to induction of local inflammation, generation of foam cells and lesion formation, followed by a chain of other pathogenic events. Atherosclerotic progression can frequently be fatal, since plaque rupture may lead to thrombosis and acute events, such as myocardial infarction, stroke and sudden death. Traditional anti-atherosclerotic therapy is mainly focused on improving the blood lipid profile and does not target various stages of plaque progression. Obviously, treating the disease at initial stages is better than beginning treatment at advanced stages and, in that regard, current atherosclerosis management can be improved. Cholesterol retention is an important component of atherogenesis that precedes plaque formation. Therapeutic targeting of cholesterol retention may be beneficial for preventing further atherogenic progression. For this purpose, we suggest using herbal preparations due to good tolerability and suitability for long-lasting treatment. We developed test systems based on cultured human intimal aortic cells for rapid screening of potential anti-atherogenic drugs. With the help of these test systems, we selected several natural substances with significant anti-atherogenic activity and further use these compounds to prepare herbal preparations for anti-atherosclerotic therapy. These preparations were clinically tested and showed good safety and a potent anti-atherogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia,Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, 121609 Moscow, Russia,Federal Scientific Clinical Center for Resuscitation and Rehabilitation, 109240 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V Grechko
- Federal Scientific Clinical Center for Resuscitation and Rehabilitation, 109240 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena B Romanenko
- Department of Molecular Basis of Ontogenesis, Belozersky Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Diabetes Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R China
| | - Dimitry A Chistiakov
- Department of Neurochemistry, Division of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Huang B, Zhang W, Wei L, Chen S, Wang T, Fu R. Resveratrol down-regulates endothelin type B receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells via Sirt1/ERK1/2/NF-кB signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 840:44-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Wu J, Yin RX, Zhou YG, Zhang QH, Wu JZ, Chen WX. Association between the MGAT1 rs634501 polymorphism and serum lipid traits in the Chinese Han and Maonan ethnic groups. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:5923-5937. [PMID: 31949680 PMCID: PMC6963053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the association of monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 gene (MGAT1) rs634501 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and serum lipid profiles in the Chinese populations. The aim of this study was to detect the association of the MGAT1 rs634501 SNP and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Chinese Maonan and Han populations. Genotypes of the SNP in 2014 unrelated participants (Han, 986; Maonan, 1028) were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis, and confirmed by direct sequencing. The genotypic and allelic frequencies of the MGAT1 rs634501 SNP were significantly different between the Han and Maonan populations as well as between males and females in the Maonan population. The A allele carriers had lower serum apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 levels, the ApoA1/ApoB ratio and higher ApoB levels in Maonans; and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ApoA1 levels, ApoA1/ApoB ratio, and higher triglyceride levels in Han than the A allele non-carriers. There were also different associations of the MGAT1 rs634501 SNP and serum lipid profiles between males and females in the both ethnic groups. Serum lipid parameters in the two ethnic groups were also associated with several environmental factors. These results suggest that the association of the MGAT1 rs634501 SNP and serum lipid parameters might have ethnic- and/or sex-specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xing Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Zhen Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu-Xian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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35
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Glanz VY, Myasoedova VA, Grechko AV, Orekhov AN. Sialidase activity in human pathologies. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 842:345-350. [PMID: 30439363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acid residues are frequently located at the terminal positions of glycoconjugate chains of cellular glycocalyx. Sialidases, or neuraminidases, catalyse removal of these residues thereby modulating various normal and pathological cellular activities. Recent studies have revealed the involvement of sialidases in a wide range of human disorders, including neurodegenerative disorders, cancers, infectious diseases and cardiovascular diseases. The accumulating data make sialidases an interesting potential therapeutic target. Modulating the activity of these enzymes may have beneficial effects in several pathologies. Four types of mammalian sialidases have been described: NEU1, NEU2, NEU3 and NEU4. They are encoded by different genes and characterized by different subcellular localization. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on the roles of different sialidases in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Yu Glanz
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Veronika A Myasoedova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V Grechko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 109240 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, 121609 Moscow, Russia; Centre of Collective Use, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 121552, Russia.
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36
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Archakova TV, Nedosugova LV, Nikitina NA, Melnichenko AA, Sobenin IA. Immunogenic lipid markers of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients on program haemodialysis. TERAPEVT ARKH 2018. [DOI: 10.26442/terarkh201890104-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aim. Determination of desialized apolipoprotein-B-100 (apoB-100) and lipoprotein-containing circulating immune complexes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in program hemodialysis with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. We examined 81 patients with CKD (50 men / 31 women) treated with program hemodialysis, of which 36 (17/19) with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 45 (33/12) non-diabetic patients. The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and desialylated apoB-100 in blood plasma and lipoprotein-containing circulating immune complexes. A color duplex scan of brachiocephalic arteries was used to assess the extent of development of atherosclerosis with the determination of the thickness of the intima-medial complex. Results and discussion. Patients with diabetes had high values of total cholesterol, triglycerides (p
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37
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Lipoprotein-induced intracellular lipid accumulation (foam cell formation) is a trigger of atherogenesis at the subendothelial arterial cell level. The purpose of this review is to describe the recent data related to the possible mechanisms of LDL-induced formation of lipid-laden foam cells and their role in the onset and development of atherosclerotic lesion. RECENT FINDINGS The most interesting current studies are related to the factors affecting foam cell formation. SUMMARY The phenomenon of lipid accumulation in cultured cells became the basis for creating a cellular test system that has already been successfully applied for development of drugs possessing direct antiatherosclerotic activity, and then the efficacy of these drugs was demonstrated in clinical studies. Moreover, this test system could be used for diagnostic assessing lipoproteins atherogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopatology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow, Russia
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38
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Khosravi M, Hosseini-Fard R, Najafi M. Circulating low density lipoprotein (LDL). Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2018; 35:/j/hmbci.ahead-of-print/hmbci-2018-0024/hmbci-2018-0024.xml. [PMID: 30059347 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2018-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles are known as atherogenic agents in coronary artery diseases. They modify to other electronegative forms and may be the subject for improvement of inflammatory events in vessel subendothelial spaces. The circulating LDL value is associated with the plasma PCSK-9 level. They internalize into macrophages using the lysosomal receptor-mediated pathways. LDL uptake is related to the membrane scavenger receptors, modifications of lipid and protein components of LDL particles, vesicular maturation and lipid stores of cells. Furthermore, LDL vesicular trafficking is involved with the function of some proteins such as Rab and Lamp families. These proteins also help in the transportation of free cholesterol from lysosome into the cytosol. The aggregation of lipids in the cytosol is a starting point for the formation of foam cells so that they may participate in the primary core of atherosclerosis plaques. The effects of macrophage subclasses are different in the formation and remodeling of plaques. This review is focused on the cellular and molecular events involved in cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khosravi
- Biochemistry Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseini-Fard
- Biochemistry Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Biochemistry Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Phone: 09155192401
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Oikonomou EK, Antoniades C. Immunometabolic Regulation of Vascular Redox State: The Role of Adipose Tissue. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:313-336. [PMID: 28657335 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Vascular oxidative stress plays a crucial role in atherogenesis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent evidence suggests that vascular redox state is under the control of complex pathophysiological mechanisms, ranging from inflammation to obesity and insulin resistance (IR). Recent Advances: Adipose tissue (AT) is now recognized as a dynamic endocrine and paracrine organ that secretes several bioactive molecules, called adipokines. AT has recently been shown to regulate vascular redox state in both an endocrine and a paracrine manner through the secretion of adipokines, therefore providing a mechanistic link for the association between obesity, IR, inflammation, and vascular disease. Importantly, AT behaves as a sensor of cardiovascular oxidative stress, modifying its secretory profile in response to cardiovascular oxidative injury. CRITICAL ISSUES The present article presents an up-to-date review of the association between AT and vascular oxidative stress. We focus on the effects of individual adipokines on modulating reactive oxygen species production and scavenging in the vascular wall. In addition, we highlight how inflammation, obesity, and IR alter the biology and secretome of AT leading to a more pro-oxidant phenotype with a particular focus on the local regulatory mechanisms of perivascular AT driven by vascular oxidation. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The complex and dynamic biology of AT, as well as its importance in the regulation of vascular redox state, provides numerous opportunities for the development of novel, targeted treatments in the management of CVD. Therapeutic modulation of AT biology could improve vascular redox state affecting vascular disease pathogenesis. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 313-336.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos K Oikonomou
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom
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40
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Protein N-Glycosylation in Cardiovascular Diseases and Related Risk Factors. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-018-0579-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Khounphinith E, Yin RX, Qiu L, Zhang FH, Yan RQ, Lu L, Su Y. Association of the LIPC rs1532085 SNP and serum lipid traits in the Chinese Maonan and Han populations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:2038-2052. [PMID: 31938311 PMCID: PMC6958212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The hepatic lipase gene (LIPC) is known to play an important role in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism pathways, but the association of the LIPC rs1532085 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and serum lipid profiles has not been previously reported in different racial/ethnic groups. The present study was to detect the association of the LIPC rs1532085 SNP and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Maonan and Han populations. Genotypes of the LIPC rs1532085 SNP in 833 individuals of Maonan nationality and 801 participants of Han nationality were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. The frequencies of AA, AG, and GG genotypes were 22.34%, 47.70%, and 29.96% in Han, and 24.96%, 51.38%, and 23.64% in Maonan populations (P < 0.05). The frequency of the G allele was 53.80% in Han and 49.33% in Maonan individuals (P < 0.05). The G allele carriers had lower total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), Apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 and ApoB levels in Han than the G allele non-carriers, but not in Maonan. Subgroup analyses indicated that the G allele carriers had lower TC, TG, LDL-C and ApoA1 levels in Han females than the G allele non-carriers (P < 0.05-0.001). Serum lipid parameters in the two ethnic groups were also associated with several environmental factors. These findings revealed that there might be a racial/ethnic- and/or sex-specific association between the LIPC rs1532085 SNP and serum lipid parameters in some populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eksavang Khounphinith
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Rui-Xing Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fen-Han Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Rong-Qin Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Immune complexes containing malondialdehyde (MDA) LDL induce apoptosis in human macrophages. Clin Immunol 2018; 187:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Calcifying Matrix Vesicles and Atherosclerosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7463590. [PMID: 29238720 PMCID: PMC5697392 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7463590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Artery calcification is a well-recognized predictor of late atherosclerotic complications. In the intima media, calcification starts with apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and the release of calcifying matrix vesicles with diameter of 0.5–15 μm that can be observed microscopically. In complicated plaques, calcification is generally less frequent. Calcifying vesicles are released by proatherosclerotic VSMCs into the collagen-rich matrix. The vesicles can penetrate into the intima media and protrude into the arterial lumen and thereby may represent a potential cause of atherothrombosis. In calcified fibrolipid plaques, the rate of calcification is increased but is followed with healing of a lesion rupture and exhibited by further erosion and/or intimal thickening. Generally, calcification directly correlates with the apoptosis of VSMCs and macrophages accompanied by the release of osteogenic matrix vesicles. This is a hallmark of atherosclerosis-related apoptosis of VSMCs that is commonly released in plaque stabilization.
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Wu MY, Li CJ, Hou MF, Chu PY. New Insights into the Role of Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102034. [PMID: 28937652 PMCID: PMC5666716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of lipids, smooth muscle cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, necrosis, fibrosis, and local inflammation. Immune and inflammatory responses have significant effects on every phase of atherosclerosis, and increasing evidence shows that immunity plays a more important role in atherosclerosis by tightly regulating its progression. Therefore, understanding the relationship between immune responses and the atherosclerotic microenvironment is extremely important. This article reviews existing knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of immune responses in the atherosclerotic microenvironment, and the immune mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis formation and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yu Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 231, Taiwan.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jung Li
- Research Assistant Center, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Division of Breast Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan.
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan.
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The SRGAP2 SNPs, their haplotypes and G × E interactions on serum lipid traits. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11626. [PMID: 28912560 PMCID: PMC5599631 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10950-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Maonan nationality is a relatively conservative and isolated minority in China. Little is known about the association of the Slit-Robo Rho GTPase activating protein 2 gene (SRGAP2) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and serum lipid levels in the Chinese populations. This study was performed to clarify the association of the SRGAP2 rs2483058 and rs2580520 SNPs and their haplotypes with serum lipid traits in the Maonan and Han populations. Genotyping of the 2 SNPs was performed in 2444 unrelated subjects (Han, 1210 and Maonan, 1234) by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis, and then confirmed by direct sequencing. The allelic (rs2483058) and genotypic (rs2483058 and rs2580520) frequencies were different between the two ethnic groups. Four haplotypes were identified in our populations, and the rs2483058G-rs2580520C haplotype was the commonest one. The rs2483058C-rs2580520G haplotype was associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia, and showed consistent association with serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 levels, and the ApoA1/ApoB ratio. These results indicated that the SRGAP2 SNPs and their haplotypes were associated with serum lipid levels. Their haplotypes can explain much more serum lipid variation than any single SNP alone, especially for serum TC, HDL-C and ApoA1 levels.
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Zhang Y, Guo F, Li S, Wang F, Meng Z, Zhao J, Liu Z, Wang B, Fan P, Wang C, Wu H. Decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol is an independent predictor for persistent organ failure, pancreatic necrosis and mortality in acute pancreatitis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8064. [PMID: 28808236 PMCID: PMC5556036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06618-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has been reported as a significant indicator of systemic inflammation. The association underlying HDL-C and persistent organ failure (POF), pancreatic necrosis (PNec) and mortality in acute pancreatitis (AP) has not been evaluated. From 2007 to 2016, consecutive AP patients with admission lipid profiles assessment were included in this study. The association of HDL-C value and other lipids with outcomes was explored with Cox proportional regression models, which were adjusted for confounding factors. 1131 consecutive AP patients were clinically eligible. Overall, 17.9% of the patients developed with POF, 27.1% experienced PNec, and 6.7% died during hospitalization. Lower HDL-C median (<1.06 mmol/L) was identified as an independent prognostic factor of the outcomes. Moreover, there was a positive trend for the association across increasing HDL-C quartiles and POF, PNec and mortality after multivariable analysis (p values were <0.001, <0.001 and 0.043, respectively). The AUC of HDL-C for the outcomes were comparable to that of Ranson score for diagnosing POF (0.778 vs. 0.678; P < 0.001), PNec (0.734 vs. 0.701; P = 0.143) and mortality (0.768 vs. 0.745; P = 0.516). Decreased HDL-C value is an independent risk factor for the incidence of POF, PNec and in-hospital mortality in AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushun Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shoukang Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Feiyang Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zibo Meng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Chunyou Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Heshui Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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A Method for In Vitro Measurement of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein in Blood, Using Its Antibody, Fluorescence-Labeled Heptapeptide and Polyethylene Glycol. J Fluoresc 2017; 27:1985-1993. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-017-2137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Wang JJ, Fan SJ, Wang LL, Gao YZ, Liu XJ. Clinical relevance of gemstone spectral CT in the diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2629-2636. [PMID: 28587323 PMCID: PMC5450728 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Orekhov AN, Ivanova EA, Melnichenko AA, Sobenin IA. Circulating desialylated low density lipoprotein. COR ET VASA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvasa.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Chistiakov DA, Melnichenko AA, Orekhov AN, Bobryshev YV. How do macrophages sense modified low-density lipoproteins? Int J Cardiol 2017; 230:232-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.12.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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